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2023-04-30-accounts

CharChar Literacy

(A registered Charitable Incorporated Organisation in England and Wales)

Trustees’ Report and Financial Statements For the Year Ended 30 April 2023

Charity Number: 1192510

CharChar Literacy Contents

Contents

Reference and administrative details ............................................................................................................... 3 Report of the Trustees ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Independent Examiner's report…………………………………………….…………………………………………….……………..…….13 Statement of Financial Activity for the year ended 30 April 2023 ................................................................. 14 Balance Sheet as at 30 April 2023 .................................................................................................................. 15 Notes forming part of the Financial Statements for the year ended 30 April 2023………………………….…..16-20

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CharChar Literacy Reference and administrative details

Charity Registration Number: 1192510
Trustees Victoria Williamson – Appointed 9 September 2020
Nicola Mary Robertson – Appointed 28 September 2020
Andrew David White – Appointed 16 October 2023
Registered Office Ashley
Mortehoe Station Road
Woolacombe
Devon
EX34 7EZ
Independent examiner Haines Watts
Old Station House
Station Approach
Newport Street
Swindon
SN1 3DU

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

Chair’s Introduction: Championing Literacy for Transformative Change

As we address the pressing development challenges in Malawi, we are met with a sobering reality: a concerning rate of primary school dropouts and enduring illiteracy that perpetuates poverty across generations. Our team, composed of dedicated board members, volunteers, and skilled professionals on the ground in Malawi, is deeply committed to rectifying this injustice. At the heart of our mission is the promotion of foundational literacy in primary education, recognising its pivotal role in igniting transformative change.

While our focus begins in Malawi, we understand the interconnected nature of these challenges and aspire to extend our impact across the broader region. With this ambition in mind, we seek donor support to amplify our efforts and foster lasting positive change.

This year, CharChar has made significant strides in advancing foundational literacy within a government primary school setting. Our achievements are underscored by tangible progress in day-to-day literacy teaching practices, resulting in remarkable improvements in children's literacy outcomes—all achieved at a cost-effective rate. These successes not only signify academic advancement but also promise a brighter future for the children involved.

Our approach to literacy instruction is deliberately aligned with Malawi government initiatives in primary teacher training. By strategically integrating our methods into existing frameworks, we enhance the competence and dedication of new teachers, thereby catalysing improved literacy outcomes throughout Malawi's primary schools.

In summary, our work at CharChar stands as proof that low-cost, high-impact strategies such as ours are essential in the fight against illiteracy and poverty. With continued support, we are poised to expand our impact, empower communities, and pave the way for a literate, more prosperous future for all.

Our Strategy

CharChar specialises in foundational literacy, emphasising a strategic commitment in our relatively young organisation. Our focus lies in demonstrating cost-effective, pivotal interventions in the primary school sector, cultivating influential relationships, and concurrently engaging in enduring initiatives within the teacher training sector. Collaborating with local partners, including government entities, we enhance capacity and showcase achievable outcomes in culturally relevant settings at minimal cost within primary schools. This direct impact on children's literacy not only transforms their lives and futures but also provides crucial support to the teacher training sector, influencing institutions across Malawi dedicated to developing primary school educators.

Fundraising

CharChar holds a reputable standing within the Malawian education sector, bolstered by successful funding endeavours. Our strategic initiatives, including the demonstration government primary school project, have garnered support from two distinguished UK trusts and foundations, supplemented by public fundraising. In the realm of teacher training, our involvement in a consortium, funded through a globally renowned US University, underscores our commitment. This partnership provides comprehensive teaching resources and continuous professional development opportunities positively impacting primary and teacher education institutions, whilst advocating for diversity and inclusion in primary education.

Safeguarding

During this reporting period, we are pleased to confirm that CharChar has encountered no safeguarding issues. Our unwavering commitment to ensuring a safe and secure environment for all the children and adults we work with remains a top priority, reflecting our dedication to responsible and ethical practices.

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

CharChar Literacy CIO

The acquisition of three new funding streams required concerted growth and support from our volunteer body and board in the UK. We aligned our inputs with the increased organisational demand due to a growing literacy programme.

Highlights and impacts

Working in Malawi through a small local team we have successfully supported our Education Field Officer, Andrew Mchisa, to grow in capacity and professional development. Andrew has been mentored throughout the project period, via face-to-face sessions, by our volunteer in-country director and via online coaching from external volunteer education advisors. We would like to see Andrew continue his professional development by increasing his role to full-time from the current 0.75FTE.

We have successfully supported three newly qualified primary school teachers to develop and grow their knowledge, skills and attitudes in foundational literacy instruction and to date the programme has positively impacted the learning of over 240 children.

Objectives and Activities

The purposes of the charity are to improve the literacy levels of underprivileged children in Malawi. CharChar trains Literacy Specialist teachers (qualified Malawian graduate teachers) who volunteer to teach at CharChar supported government primary schools. These teachers deliver daily foundational literacy lessons in English.

In support of improved foundational literacy outcomes for primary school children, CharChar Literacy, as a member of the Strengthening Teacher Education and Practice (STEP) consortium, contributes significant technical support to teacher training across the country.

CharChar Literacy volunteers provide professional support to the STEP programme. These include for example, an experienced British primary school teacher and head teacher who have lived and worked in an international primary school in Malawi. Our volunteers have supported the following:

We have also invested significant volunteer time to improve our operations strategy in key areas, including:

CharChar confirms its trustees have considered and taken into account the guidance provided by the Charity Commission regarding the three aspects of public benefit (PB1, PB2, and PB3) reflecting the meaning of public benefit; running a charity for public benefit and public benefit reporting.

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

We are committed to ensuring that our charitable activities consistently align with the principles and expectations outlined by the Charity Commission, demonstrating clear and tangible benefits to the public. Our adherence to this guidance reflects our dedication to transparent and responsible governance in pursuit of our charitable purposes.

CharChar Literacy’s strategy is to demonstrate simple practical techniques in the classroom and to advocate for improved foundational literacy focus in the primary teacher training sector.

This project builds on the Demonstration School Project, our pilot which increased pupil’s foundational literacy scores by 433% over the baseline in one year. It aligns with both Malawi Government education goals and the two renowned Trusts and Foundations’ priorities in education, poverty relief and development.

Summary of the main achievements of the charity, identifying the difference the charity’s work has made to the circumstances of its beneficiaries and any wider benefits to society as a whole.

Leveraging success from a pilot in Malawi's south, where 3000+ children saw a 433% boost in foundation literacy scores in one year, CharChar advanced our impactful strategy. Supporting 180 pupils in the Central region from April 2022 to March 2023, CharChar ensured these children developed a strong literacy foundation. Two volunteer literacy specialists, trained by CharChar and backed by a Senior Field Education Officer, targeted Standards 1 and 2 through supplementary phonics lessons which incorporated games, songs and other literacy related activities. In addition, CharChar was able to respond to the school's wider request for provision of improved literacy instruction for all children at the school. This was achieved by way of a strategic approach to support foundational literacy activities to the whole school in the outdoor morning assemblies using low cost, hand-made teaching aids and a megaphone for the approximately 1000 children. “Being invited to assist all the children’s literacy [development] has been a real joy. It has been very excellent to have CharChar’s work appreciated in this way.” Andrew Mchisa, Senior Education Officer, reported.

An analysis of assessment results in September 2022 underscored the efficacy of the teaching methods. By evaluating literacy scores transitioning from the end of Standard 1 to the onset of Standard 2, we gauged the impact of our interventions. Despite only four months of exposure in Standard 1, the outcomes were notably positive. On average, girls scored 54 out of 59 (25 letter names and 29 letter sounds), while boys averaged 53 (24 letter names and 29 letter sounds), indicating proficient use of individual letter sounds for word formation, indicative of learning advancement. To contextualize these achievements, we compared our project-supported Standard 2 pupils’ data with national averages. The latest pre-COVID national assessment revealed a combined average of 8.3 letter names and sounds, comprising 5.3 letter names and 3 letter sounds. See National Reading Assessment

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

CharChar Intervention: Standard 2 September 2022

This initiative operates within a government primary demonstration school, ensuring cost-effectiveness with an approximate annual cost of £44 per pupil. Additionally, CharChar has been able to extend support to a neighbouring teacher training institution, enhancing the skills of language lecturers and benefiting 30 primary student teachers. Facilitated by CharChar's Senior Education Officer, Andrew Mchisa, these student teachers received weekly foundational literacy instruction sessions. The sessions encompassed various aspects of early childhood development, including oral language development and key stages of literacy acquisition such as phonemic awareness and phonics. Through practical demonstrations, student teachers were introduced to play-based pedagogy, learning songs and games for effective classroom implementation.

As a member of the STEP consortium in Malawi, CharChar has contributed invaluable practical expertise and innovative strategies to enhance the delivery of contextually tailored Continuing Professional Development (CPD) for teacher educators. Through the demonstration school project, CharChar developed teacher training videos, utilized in the CPD of 151 language teacher educators across twenty-one public and private teacher training institutions nationwide. These resources bridge theory and practice in the classroom, offering a cost-effective means of CPD material development and enriching the teaching experience within the Malawian context.

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

Financial Review

Results for the period

CharChar Literacy maintains a strong financial position as of the conclusion of the financial period in April 2023. Notably, there has been a significant rise in charitable income, reaching £138,244 in 2022. This uptick in income, coupled with robust accounting processes, has resulted in a healthy surplus of £21,643. It's noteworthy that our existing cash reserves are substantial, providing a solid foundation to navigate any potential financial challenges.

As at 30 April 2023, the balance of the unrestricted funds was £38,587 (2022: £39,676) and restricted funds was £32,732 (2022: £10,000). Free reserves at the year end stand at £38,587.

Reserves policy

The level of reserves is monitored and reviewed by the Trustees at least annually. The Trustees are in the process of formulating a reserve policy to determine the target of reserves that the Charity should hold to cover a certain number of months operating expenditure.

Going concern

The Trustees have assessed whether the use of the going concern assumption is appropriate in preparing these accounts. The Trustees have made this assessment in respect to a period of at least one period from the date of approval of these accounts.

The Trustees of the Charity have concluded that there are no material uncertainties related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the ability of the Charity to continue as a going concern. The Trustees are of the opinion that the Charity will have sufficient resources to meet its liabilities as they fall due.

Structure, Governance and Management

CharChar Literacy is constituted as a CIO.

Each Trustee is either appointed from a preexisting voluntary management position or directly in both cases by being voted onto the board by Trustees.

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

Trustees’ responsibilities statement

The trustees are responsible for preparing the Trustees’ Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

The law applicable to charities in England & Wales requires the trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of the incoming resources and application of resources of the charity for that period.

In preparing these financial statements, the trustees are required to:

The trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Charities Act 2011, the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 and the provisions of the trust deed. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the charity and financial information included on the charity’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

This report was approved by the Trustees and signed on their behalf by:

Andrew White

Acting Chair of the Board of Trustees

Date: 28[th] February 2024

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

The photographs below represent CharChar Literacy’s work, embodying the vision, mission and values:

Vision

We envisage a world where literacy and numeracy provide individuals the opportunity to become socially engaged citizens who creatively and productively contribute to their communities and transform the countries in which they live.

Mission

CharChar works collaboratively to strengthen the education systems that cultivate an environment of literacy and numeracy through child-centred teaching and learning, educational training and development, community connections and research.

Our Values

Andrew Mchisa, CharChar Senior Education Officer handing over CharChar Library Resources to Tsokamkanansi Headteacher.

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

Andrew demonstrates how to teach new vocabulary

Andrew providing CPD for student teachers

The entrance to Tsokamkanansi Demo School

Left to right: Andrew, LSTs: Florence, Thandi & Constance. Sharing additional resources with newly recruited LST, Constance (arrow)

Top left: LST taking a small group of children for reinforcement work Above right: Children with CharChar library resources

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CharChar Literacy Trustees Report

PTA Chair addresses parents and guardians on how to take care of CharChar library books

Standard 2 children excited about sharing their aspirations

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CharChar Literacy Statement of Financial Activities (incorporating income and expenditure) for the year ended 30 April 2023

Independent Examiner's Report to the Trustees of CharChar Literacy

I report to the charity trustees on my examination of the accounts of CharChar Literacy for the year ended 30 April 2023 set out on pages 14-20.

Responsibilities and basis of report

As the charity trustees of the Trust you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 2011 ('the Act').

I report in respect of my examination of the Trust's accounts carried out under Section 145 of the Act and in carrying out my examination I have followed all applicable Directions given by the Charity Commission under Section 145(5)(b) of the Act.

Independent examiner's statement

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no material matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect:

  1. Accounting records were not kept in respect of the Trust as required by Section 130 of the Act; or

  2. the accounts do not accord with those records; or

  3. the accounts do not comply with the applicable requirements concerning the form and content of accounts set out in the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 other than any requirement that the accounts give a true and fair view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination.

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

S Plumb ACA

ICAEW Haines Watts Old Station House Station Approach Newport Street Swindon SN1 3DU

Date: 29 February 2024

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CharChar Literacy Statement of Financial Activities (incorporating income and expenditure) for the year ended 30 April 2023

Notes
Income and endowments from:
Donations and legacies
2
Investments
3
Total income and endowments
Expenditure on:
Charitable activities
4
Total expenditure
Net income/(expenditure)
Transfers between funds
9
Net movement of funds
Reconciliation of funds
Total funds brought forward
9
Total funds carried forward		 Unrestricted
Restricted
Total Funds
Total Funds
2023
2023
2023
2022
£
£
£
£
5,844
132,185
138,029
61,208
215
-
215
7
6,059
132,185
138,244
61,215
7,148
109,453
116,601
34,883
7,148
109,453
116,601
34,883
(1,089)
22,732
21,643
26,332
-
-
-
-
(1,089)
22,732
21,643
26,332
39,676
10,000
49,676
23,344
38,587
32,732
71,319
49,676

All recognised gains and losses are included in the above Statement of Financial Activities. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities.

The notes on pages 16 to 20 form part of the financial statements.

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CharChar Literacy Balance Sheet as at 30 April 2023

Notes
Current Assets
Cash at bank and in hand
Debtors
6
Creditors: Amounts falling due with one year
7
Net current assets/(liabilities)
Net assets/(liabilities)
Funds
Restricted funds
9
Unrestricted funds
9
Total Funds		 2023
2022
£
£
36,763
49,676
48,174
-
84,937
49,676
13,618
-
71,319
49,676
71,319
49,676
32,732
10,000
38,587
39,676
71,319
49,676

The financial statements were approved by the Trustees on 28[th] February 2024 and signed on their behalf by:

Andrew White

Acting Chair of the Board of Trustees

The notes on pages 16 to 20 form part of the financial statements.

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CharChar Literacy Notes to the Financial Statements as at 30 April 2023

1) Accounting Policies

(a) General information and basis of preparation of financial statements

CharChar Literacy is a CIO registered under number 1192510 with the Charities Commission in England and Wales. It is a public benefit entity as defined by FRS 102, it is domiciled in England and Wales and its registered address is at Ashley,Mortehoe Station Road, Woolacombe, Devon, EX34 7EZ.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102), the Charities Act 2011, the Companies Act 2006 and UK Generally Accepted Account Practice.

The financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis under the historical cost convention with items recognised at cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant accounting policies below or in the notes of the accounts.

The financial statements are presented in sterling which is the functional currency of the charity and rounded to the nearest £.

(b) Critical accounting estimates and areas of judgement

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates/ It also requires management to exercise judgement in applying the company’s accounting policies.

The following accounting policies have been applied:

(c) Assessment of going concern

The Trustees have assessed whether the use of the going concern assumption is appropriate in preparing these accounts. The Trustees have made this assessment in respect to a period of at least 12months from the date of approval of these accounts.

The Trustees of the Charity have concluded that there are no material uncertainties related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the ability of the Charity to continue as a going concern.

(d) Cash flow statement

The financial statements do not include a cash flow statement because the Charity, as a small reporting entity, is exempt from the requirement to produce a statement under Accounting and Reporting by charities Statement of Recommended Practice (Charites SORP (FRS 102)).

(e) Income

Income is recognised in the period in which the Charity is entitled to receipt, the amount can be measured reliably and it is probable that income will be received. Where income relates to future periods, this income will be deferred. Grants and donations received for the general purposes of the charitable company are included as unrestricted funds, grants and donations for activities restricted by the wishes of the donor are taken to restricted funds.

(f) Expenditure

Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the Charity to make payment to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefit will be required in the settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.

Expenditure is included in the accounts on an accrual basis and included attributable VAT, which cannot be recovered.

(g) Debtors and prepayments

Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount due after any trade discounts and less any provisions for non-recoverability. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid net of any discounts.

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CharChar Literacy Notes to the Financial Statements as at 30 April 2023

(h) Creditors and provisions

Creditors and provisions are recognised where the charity has a present obligation resulting from a past event that will probably result in the transfer of funds to a third party and the amount to settle the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably.

(i) Financial instruments

The charity only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial instruments. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently measured at their settlement value

(j) Tax

The charity is an exempt charity within the meaning of schedule 3 of the Charities Act 2011 and is considered to pass the tests set out in Paragraph 1 Schedule 6 Finance Act 2010 and therefore it meets the definition of a charitable company for UK corporation tax purposes.

The charity is not registered for VAT purposes.

2) Income from donations and grants

Donations
Grants		 Unrestricted
Restricted
2023 Total
Unrestricted
Restricted
2022 Total
£
£
£
£
£
£
5,844
-
5,844
51,208
10,000
61,208
-
132,185
132,185
-
-
-
5,844
132,185
138,029
51,208
10,000
61,208

3) Income from investments

Interest receivable Unrestricted
Restricted
2023 Total
Unrestricted
Restricted
2022 Total
£
£
£
£
£
£
215
-
215
7
-
7
215
-
215
7
-
7

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CharChar Literacy Notes to the Financial Statements as at 30 April 2023

4) Expenditure analysis of charitable and support costs

Independent examination fees
IT costs
Office costs
Other costs
Other professional fees
Outsourced staff function and consultancy costs
Travel, accommodation and subsistence
Trustee expenses
Volunteer costs
Total		 Charitable
Activity
Support
Costs
2023 Total
2022 Total
£
£
£
£
1,680
-
1,680
-
2,760
504
3,264
652
17,600
147
17,747
3,532
804
1,970
2,774
13,097
14,856
2,813
17,669
2,891
46,224
16
46,240
711
14,466
653
24,832
-
9,712
-
-
-
2,396
-
2,396
14,000
110,498
6,103
116,601
34,883

5) Employee and Trustees remuneration and expenses

No Trustees received any emoluments for their services as Trustees during the period. One Trustee was reimbursed £9,712 for travel and related expenses incurred during the period (2022: Nil).

The charity did not employ anyone during the year (or prior year). Support was provided through partner organisations or consultants.

Key management personnel include all persons that have authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the charity. The total compensation paid to key management personnel for services provided to the charity was £Nil (2022: £Nil).

6) Debtors and prepayments

Prepayments and accrued income
Other debtors		 2023
2022
£
£
43,174
-
5,000
-
48,174
-

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CharChar Literacy Notes to the Financial Statements as at 30 April 2023

7) Creditors: Falling due within one year

Trade Creditors
Accruals and deferred income		 2023
2022
£
£
10,230
-
3,388
-
13,618
-

8) Taxation

As a charity, CharChar Literacy, is exempt from tax on income and gains falling within section 505 of the Taxes Act 1988 or s256 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 to the extent that these are applied to its charitable objects. No tax charges have arisen in the Charity.

9) Movement in Funds

Current Year:
Restricted Funds
Ferguson
Florida State University
Waterloo
Unrestricted Funds
Total Funds		 At 1 May
2022
Incoming
Resources
Outgoing
Resources
Transfers)
At 30 April
2023
£
£
£
£
£
-
10,000
(3,311)
-
6,689
-
122,185
(102,100)
-
20,085
10,000
-
(4,042)
-
5,958
10,000
132,185
(109,453)
-
32,732
39,676
6,059
(7,148)
-
38,587
39,676
6,059
(7,148)
-
38,587
49,676
138,244
(116,601)
-
71,319

Purpose of Restricted Funds:

The Charitable Trust supporting CharChar Literacy has objectives that follow the interests of the family and their commitment to education, peace, and reducing poverty in developing countries, helping to develop teaching practices, promoting understanding and support people to live safely and happily. Since 1979, nearly £60 million has been distributed to a range of charities, working in the UK and overseas, funding projects that work towards these objectives.

Florida State University’s Learning Systems Institute has been providing technical assistance to developing countries, many funded directly or indirectly by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the U.S. State Department, UNICEF, and other international donors. Most of these international projects aim to improve primary, secondary and tertiary education as well as to support educational reforms that call for pre- and in-service teacher education, curriculum and materials development for all these levels, including technical and vocational training for workforce development.. LSI focuses on delivering quality education services that improve learning outcomes in disadvantaged areas and under-served populations; actively working with ministries of education at national, regional and community levels.

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CharChar Literacy Notes to the Financial Statements as at 30 April 2023

The Foundation is an independent grant-making Foundation most interested in projects that help globally, with particular focus on the disparity of opportunities, wealth and the unsustainable use of the world’s natural resources. To that end, their programmes include support to World Development – supporting people and communities to build the basis of sustainable prosperity within developing countries, including high-quality education .

Prior Year:
Restricted Funds
Waterloo
Unrestricted Funds
Total Funds		 At 24
November
2020
Incoming
Resources
Outgoing
Resources
Transfers
At 30 April
2022
£
£
£
£
£
-
10,000
-
-
10,000
-
10,000
-
-
10,000
23,344
51,215
(34,883)
-
39,676
23,344
51,215
(34,883)
-
39,676
23,344
61,215
(34,883)
-
49,676

10) Analysis of net assets between funds

Current Year:
Fund balances at30 April 2023are represented by:
Current assets
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
Prior Year:
Fund balances at30 April 2022are represented by:
Current assets
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year		 Unrestricted
funds
Restricted
funds
Total Funds
£
£
£
52,205
32,732
84,937
(13,618)
-
(13,618)
38,587
32,732
71,319
Unrestricted
funds
Restricted
funds
Total Funds
£
£
£
39,676
10,000
49,676
-
-
-
39,676
10,000
49,676

11) Related Party Transactions

There were no other related party transactions during the period that ended 30 April 2023.

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