APPENDIX 1
oscr
Period start date
Month
Year
Period end date
Month
Year
From
April
2024
31
March
2025
Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator
Reference and administration details
Charity name
other names charity is known
by
Registered charity number
Charity's principal address
The Heraldry Society of Scotland
SCO12038
Names of the charity trustees on date of approval of Trustees. Annual Report
Office (if any)
Dates acted if
not for whole year
Name of person
(or body) entitled to
appoint trustee (if any)
(Society membership)
Trustee name
Office Holders:
Chairman
Hon. Secretary
Hon Treasurer
Editor
Membership Secretary
Membership Secretary
Social Secretary
To 28 Sep 24
From 28 Sep 24
Webmaster
From 28 Sep 24
Names of all other charity trustees during the period, if any. (for example, those who resigned part way
throu
h the financial
eriod
None

Structure, governance and management
Type of governing
document
The Constttution. which was revised in 2018 and approved prior to the St Andrew
Lecture on 1 December 2018. is available for perusal on the Society's webstte
WNW.herald
-scotland.co.uk.
Trustee recruitment and
appointment
All trustees are office-bearers or committee members of the Society. who are
nominated and elected by members as provided in the Constitution.
Objectives and activities
Charitable purposes
To encourage the study and practice in Scotland of heraldry and allied subjects, both
indigenous and intemational.
Summary of the main
activities
in relation to these objects
The arranging of lectures, discussions, visits, publications and exhibitions- co-
operation with other organisations devoted to the same or similar purposes" other
such activities as the trustees may determine to be advantageous to the achievement
of the Society's objectives.
Achievements and performance
Summary of the main
achievements of the charity
during the financial period
The Society provides a focus for all with an interest in Scottish heraldry. whether
amiigerous, intending to petition for amis or simply to pursue an interest in the
company of like-minded people. The Society continues to thrive and, throughout the
year has been represented on many occasions. Members have attended and
supported the Society's stall at the Unicorn Day in Stirling, 'Bruce 500" in
Dunfemiline, at Inverness, Ballater and Lonach Highland Games. The Yorkshire
Heraldry Day in Bradford and the Heraldry Society's Congress in Canterbury.
In October the Society hosted a service to celebrate the life of our Founder,
The service, in St Vincent's Chapel, Edinburgh was attende
mem
ers, representatives of the various organisations wtth which he had been
associated and several founder members of the Society. The service was conducted
by the
of Dochgarroch and the
Dean o
e Order of St John" the lesson was rea
gave the eulogy. The commemoration was
oyal Scots Club.
riory o
of Leys and
uded by a reception In
cot
an
ames
conc
Lectures. During the 2024125 session the Society has held seven lectures, with an
average attendance of 34 {2023124:31). The Committee is investigating the recording
and streaming of lectures to recover the higher attendances seen during the
pandemic when virtual lectures were the only option, and allowed members, and
guests, who would normally find it difficult to travel to Edinburgh to benefit from the
Society's lecture programme. In particular, members from oU￿1th the United
Kingdom would be able to take a greater part in our activities. Technical problems
prevented lectures being "streamed" during this year.
The annual St. Andrew Lecture was given by the
Marchmont
Herald in Ordinary. His lecture .1124 and all t17at- some re
ections on family, lineage
and heraldry in the Middle ￿ngdOM. took us through the history and Arms of the
BNce family from the 12th century to the present day. Some 68 members and guests
attended.
The Annual St. Andrew Dinner was attended by 83 (2023124.82) members and
guests. The guest after-dinner speaker was￿,
Excursion. The excursion in April was again to Glasgow when
conducted a guided heraldic tour of Glasgow City Centre. In ear
arc
several
members met up with colleagues from the Yorkshire Heraldry Society to visit some of
the small churches in North Yorkshire.

Membershi
Over the year, much work has been put into contacting those lapsed
members wlio had continued to receive the Society's publications over the previous
year, a fact that only came to light when the shortfall in subscription income was
discovered at the end of the 2023-24 financial year. Although membership has still
not retumed to the March 2023 level (350), at the end of March 2025 it stood at 328
and lapsed members continue to rejoin al a steady rate. The Committee appointed
to the office of Membership Secretary at its meeting on 29th March
o ease subscription renewal on 1 April, the Society now has the facility to
collect sums by Direct Debit.
Publications. During the year the Society has continued to publish the quarterly
newsletter, Tak Tent, and the annual journal, Double Tressure. The Society is grateful
to all the contributors who continue to provide the Editor with high qualty material for
both publications, and to the Editor for his dedication to this important and valued
aspect of the Society.
In January, the Society published the third in the trilogy on Scottish Ecclesiastical
Heraldry by
The book, "Scottish Ecclesiastical Heraldry; Religious
Houses, Universities an
oderators., was launched at the meeting at the end of
January.
Brief statement of the
charity's policy on reserves
A working reserve equivalent to one year's subscriptions and a minimum of a similar
sum for new publications and archive development is maintained. The additional
uncommitted reserve is likely to be applied to future activities and publications in the
wider interests of the Society.
To mark the Society's 50th Anniversary, £2k is set aside from the reserves.
Details of any deficit
During the year the Society recorded a net deficit of £273 carrying forward total funds
of £50,704.
Donated facilities and
services (if any)
All trustees donated their time and expertise at no cost to the society. nor did they
claim any expenses.
other optional information
Declaration
The trustees declare that they have approved the trustees, report above.
Signed on behalf of the charity's trustees
Signature(s)
Original signed
Original signed
Full name(s)
Position (e.g. Chair)
Date
31 May 2025
31 May 2025

Enter SC No. below 

APPENDIX 2 

Enter charity name below 

**SC012038** 

## **Heraldry Society of Scotland** 

|||**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|**Heraldry Society of Scotland**|||||||**SC012038**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**Receipts and payments accounts**|||||||||||||||||||||
||**For the period**<br>**from**||1<br>Day||Period start date<br>April<br>2024<br>Month<br>Year||||||**to**|Day<br>31||Period end date<br>Month<br>March|||||Year<br>2025||||
|**Section A Statement of receipts and payments**|||||||||||||||||||||||
||**Unrestricted**<br>**funds**||**Restricted**<br>**funds**||||**Expendable**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**|||||**Permanent**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**||||**Total funds**<br>**current period**||||||**Total funds last**<br>**period**|
||**to nearest £**||**to nearest £**||||**to nearest £**|||||**to nearest £**||||**to nearest £**||||||**to nearest £**|
|**A1 Receipts**|||||||||||||||||||||||
|Donations|**19,151 **|||||||||||||||**1**|**1**|**1**|**19,151 **|**1**||**11,190**|
|Legacies|**-**|||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**|||**2,000**|
|Grants|**-**|||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**|||**11,000**|
|Receipts from fundraisingactivities||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||||
|Gross tradingreceipts|**5,737 **||||||||||||||||||**5,737 **|**7**||**2,176**|
|Income from investments other than|||||||||||||||||||||||
|land and buildings|**680**||||||||||||||||||**680**|||**381 **|
|Rents from land & buildings||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||||
|Gross receipts from other charitable|||||||||||||||||||||||
|activities|**8,773**||||||||||||||||||**8,773**|||**6,908**|
|||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**|||**-**|
|**_A1 Sub total_**|**_A1 Sub total_               34,341**||**-**|**-**|**-**||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||**-**|**-**|**-**||**34,341**|**34,341**|**34,341**|**34,341**|**34,341**||**33,655**|
|**A2 Receipts from asset &**|||||||||||||||||||||||
|**investment sales**|||||||||||||||||||||||
|Proceeds from sale of fixed assets<br>Proceeds from sale of investments<br>**_A2 Sub total_                         -**<br>**_Total receipts_                34,341**<br>~~—~~|||**-**<br>**-**|**-**<br>**-**|**-**<br>**-**||**-**<br>**-**|**-**<br>**-**|**-**<br>**-**|**-**<br>**-**||**-**<br>**-**|**-**<br>**-**|**-**<br>**-**||**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**34,341**|**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**34,341**|**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**34,341**|**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**34,341**|**34,341**||**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**33,655**|
|**A3 Payments**|||||||||||||||||||||||
|Expenses for fundraising activities|**289**|||||||||||||||**2**|**2**|**2**|**289**|||**148**|
|Gross trading payments|**1,419**|||||||||||||||**1**|**1**|**1**|**1,419**|||**517**|
|Investment management costs||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||||
|Payments relating directly to charitable|Payments relating directly to charitable||||||||||||||||||||||
|activities|**24,020**|||||||||||||||**24**|**24**|**24**|**24,020**|||**21,920**|
|Grants and donations|**7,507 **|||||||||||||||**7**|**7**|**7**|**7,507 **|**7**||**14,400**|
|Governance costs:|||||||||||||||||||||||
|||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||||
|Audit / independent examination||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||||
|Preparation of annual accounts||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||||
|Legal costs||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||||
|Other (Meetings)|**1,379**|||||||||||||||**1**|**1**|**1**|**1,379**|||**1,048**|
|||||||||||||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**|||**-**|
|**_A3 Sub total_ **|**34,613**||**-**|**-**|**-**||**-**|**-**|**-**|**-**||**-**|**-**|**-**||**34,613**|**34,613**|**34,613**|**34,613**|**34,613**||**38,033**|
|**A4 Payments relating to asset and**|||||||||||||||||||||||
|**investment movements**|||||||||||||||||||||||
|Purchases of fixed assets<br>**-**<br>Purchase of investments<br>**-**<br>**_A4 Sub total_                          -**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**_Total payments_                34,613**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**34,613**<br>**38,033**<br>~~—_===—~~|||||||||||||||||||||||
|**_Net receipts / (payments)_**<br>**A5 Transfers to / (from) funds**<br>**_Surplus / (deficit) for year_**|**273)**<br>**(**<br>**-**<br>**273)**<br>**(**<br>**-**<br>~~===~~|||||||||**-**<br>**-**<br>||**-**<br>**273)**<br>**(**<br>**4,378)**<br>**(**<br>**-**<br>**-**<br>**273)**<br>**(**<br>**4,378)**<br>**(**<br>~~===~~|||||||||||



HSS_2024-25_OSCR_Receipts_and_Payments-Final-31May.xlsx / R&P Accounts 



APPENDIX 2 

**SC012038** 

## **Heraldry Society of Scotland** 

## **Section B Statement of balances** 

|**Categories**<br>**Signed by one or two trustees**<br>**on behalf of all the trustees**<br>**B1 Cash funds**<br>**B2 Investments**<br>**B3 Other assets**<br>**B5 Contingent liabilities**<br>**B4 Liabilities**|**Details**|**Unrestricted**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**<br>**50,977**<br>**273)**<br>**(**|**Restricted funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Expendable**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Permanent**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Total current**<br>**period**<br>**to nearest £**|**Total last period**<br>**to nearest £**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Cash and bank balances at start of year|||||**50,977**|**55,355**|
||Surplus / (deficit) shown on receipts and<br>payments account|||||**273)**<br>**(**|**4,378)**<br>**(**|
|||||||**-**|**-**|
|||||||**-**|**-**|
||**Cash and bank balances at end of year**<br>(Agree balances with receipts and payments<br>account(s))<br>**Details**|**50,704**|**-**|**-**|**-**|**50,704**|**50,977**|
|||-                      0|-|<br>-<br>**Fund to which**|<br>-<br>**asset belongs**|-                     0|-|
|||||||**Market valuation**<br>**to nearest £**|**Last year**<br>**to nearest £**|
||None|||||||
|||||||||
|||||||||
|||||||||
|||||||||
||**Details**||**Fund to which**|**asset belongs**|**Total**<br>**Cost (if available)**<br>**to nearest £**|**-**|<br>**-**|
|||||||**Current value (if**<br>**available)**<br>**to nearest £**|**Last year**<br>**to nearest £**|
||GiftAid claimable2024||Unres|tricted|**1,800**|**-**|**-**|
||GiftAid claimable2021,2022,2023||Unres|tricted|**-**|**-**|**3,200**|
||||Unres|tricted|**-**|**-**||
||Office equipment||Unres|tricted|**200**|**-**|**300**|
||Promotionalequipment||Unres|tricted|**800**|**-**|**950**|
||Stockofties (writtendown)||Unres|tricted|**305**|**-**|**500**|
||Regalia stock(writtendown)||Unres|tricted|**-**|**-**|**100**|
||Booksfor resale (writtendown)||Unres|tricted|**-**|**-**|**-**|
||||||**-**|**-**|**-**|
||**Details**|||**Total**<br>**Fund to which l**|**3,105**|**-**|**5,050**|
||||||**iability relates**|**Amount due**<br>**to nearest £**|**Last year**<br>**to nearest £**|
|||||Unrest|ricted|**-**|**-**|
||Publicationadvance|||Designated||**-**|**3,000**|
|||||||||
|||||||||
|||||||||
||**Details**|||**Total**<br>**Fund to which liability relates**||**-**|**3,000**|
|||||||**Amount due**<br>**(estimate)**<br>**to nearest £**|**Last year**<br>**to nearest £**|
||50th AnniversaryReserve|||Unrestricted||**2,000**||
|||||||||
|||||||||
||**Signature**|||**Total**<br>**Print Name**||**2,000**|**-**|
||||||||**Date of**<br>**approval**|
||||||||31 May 2025|
||||||||31 May 2025|



HSS_2024-25_OSCR_Receipts_and_Payments-Final-31May.xlsx / Statement of balances 2 



APPENDIX 2 

**Heraldry Society of Scotland** 

**SC012038** 

## **Section C Notes to the Accounts** 

|**C3a Trustee remuneration**<br>**C4a Trustee expenses**<br>**C1 Nature and purpose of**<br>**funds**_(may be stated on_<br>_analysis of funds worksheets)_<br>**C2 Grants**<br>**C3b Trustee remuneration -**<br>**details**<br>**C6 Other information**<br>**C5 Transactions with trustees**<br>**and connected persons**<br>**C4b Trustee expenses -**<br>**details**|All funds are Unrestricted and for the general purpose of the Society.   Funds shown as Designated are set<br>aside for a specific purpose and are returnable to the donor should that not be achieved.|All funds are Unrestricted and for the general purpose of the Society.   Funds shown as Designated are set<br>aside for a specific purpose and are returnable to the donor should that not be achieved.|All funds are Unrestricted and for the general purpose of the Society.   Funds shown as Designated are set<br>aside for a specific purpose and are returnable to the donor should that not be achieved.|All funds are Unrestricted and for the general purpose of the Society.   Funds shown as Designated are set<br>aside for a specific purpose and are returnable to the donor should that not be achieved.|All funds are Unrestricted and for the general purpose of the Society.   Funds shown as Designated are set<br>aside for a specific purpose and are returnable to the donor should that not be achieved.|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||**Type of activity or project supported**<br>Newpublication<br> (supported by Strathmartin Trustgrant inprioryear)||**Individual /**<br>**institution**<br>Institution<br>Institution|**Number of grants**<br>**made**<br>**£**||
|||||**1**|**7,264**|
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||**Total**|**7,264 **<br>|
|||||||
||If no remuneration was paid during the period to any charity trustee or person connected to a<br>trustee cross this box (otherwise complete section 3b)||||<br>**X**|
||**Authority under which paid**||||**£**|
||None paid.|||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
||If no expenses were paid to any charity trustee during the period then cross<br>(otherwise complete section 4b)|||this box|**X**|
|||**Nature of transaction**||**Number of**<br>**trustees**|**£**|
||None claimed.|||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
||<br>None<br>**Nature of relationship**|||**Transaction**<br>**amount (£)**|**Balance**<br>**outstanding at**<br>**period end (£)**|
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
||None.|||||



HSS_2024-25_OSCR_Receipts_and_Payments-Final-31May.xlsx / Notes 3 



APPENDIX 2 

**Heraldry Society of Scotland** 

**SC012038** 

## **Additional analysis (1)** 

## **Analysis of receipts and payments** 

## **1 Donations** 

|**1 Donations**|**1 Donations**|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**Unrestricted**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**||**Restricted funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Expendable**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Permanent**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Total current**<br>**period**<br>**to nearest £**||**Total last period**<br>**to nearest £**|
|Subscriptions||**13,451**|||||**13,451**||**8,268**|
|Gift Aid(frompreviousyears)||**5,139**|||||**5,139**||**2,813**|
|General donations||**561**|||||**561**||**109**|
||||||||**-**||**-**|
|**Total**<br>**2 Grants**||**19,151**||**-**|**-**|**-**|**19,151**||**11,190**|
|||**-**<br>**Unrestricted**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**||**-**<br>**Restricted funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**-**|**-**|**-**<br>**Total current**<br>**period**<br>**to nearest £**||**-**<br>**Total last period**<br>**to nearest £**|
|St Andrew's Fund for Heraldry||**-**|||||**-**||**8,000**|
|Strathmartin Trust (towards future publication)||**-**|||||**-**||**3,000**|
|||**-**|||||**-**||**-**|
||||||||**-**||**-**|
|**Total**<br>**3  Gross receipts from other charitable activities**||**-**||**-**|||**-**||**11,000**|
|||**-**<br>**Unrestricted**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**<br>||**-**<br>**Restricted funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Expendable**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Permanent**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**-**<br>**Total current**<br>**period**<br>**to nearest £**||**-**<br>**Total last period**<br>**to nearest £**|
|Events and Functions:|||||||**-**|||
|Dinner||**5,458**|||||**5,458**||**5,468**|
|Excursions||**2,355**|||||**2,355**||**180**|
|Reception||**960**|||||**960**||**1,260**|
||||||||**-**|||
||||||||**-**|||
||||||||**-**|||
||||||||**-**|||
|**Total**||**8,773**||**-**|**-**|**-**|**8,773**||**6,908**|
|||-||-|-|-|-||-|



## **4  Payments relating directly to charitable activities** 

|||**Unrestricted**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Unrestricted**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Restricted funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Expendable**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Permanent**<br>**endowment**<br>**funds**<br>**to nearest £**|**Total current**<br>**period**<br>**to nearest £**|**Total current**<br>**period**<br>**to nearest £**|**Total last period**<br>**to nearest £**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Printingof Journals etc||**2,373**|<br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br>||||**2,373**||**3,302**|
|Distribution of Journals||**4,076**|||||**4,076**||**4,295**|
|Events etc:|||||||**-**|||
|Dinner||**5,360**|||||**5,360**||**5,476**|
|Reception||**998**|||||**998**||**1,020**|
|Excursions||**2,200**|||||**2,200**||**170**|
|Commemorations||**1,525**|||||**1,525**||**1,430**|
|Lecture meetingcosts||**868**|||||**868**||**875**|
|Website & On-line fees||**1,845**|||||**1,845**||**144**|
|Subscription - Lord Lyon Society||**30**|||||**30**||**30**|
|Insurance||**447**|||||**447**||**221**|
|Archive and stock storage||**2,652**|||||**2,652**||**2,652**|
|Publicity,marketing&postage||**933**|||||**933**||**161**|
|Stationery&packing||**154**|||||**154**||**196**|
|Promotional equipment||**109**|||||**109**||**953**|
|Commemorative artefact||**450**|||||**450**||**995**|
|Stock uplift|||||||**-**||**-**|
|Prizes,Awards|||||||**-**||**-**|
|**Total**||**24,020**||**-**|**-**|**-**|**24,020**||**21,920**|
|||-||-|-|-|-||-|



HSS_2024-25_OSCR_Receipts_and_Payments-Final-31May.xlsxAdditional notes (1) 



## **’ Independent examiner s report on the accounts V2** 

## **Report to the trustees/members of** 

## **THE HERALDRY SOCIETY OF SCOTLAND** 

||**Independent examiner’s report on the accountsV2**|**Independent examiner’s report on the accountsV2**|**Independent examiner’s report on the accountsV2**|**Independent examiner’s report on the accountsV2**|**Independent examiner’s report on the accountsV2**|**Independent examiner’s report on the accountsV2**|**Independent examiner’s report on the accountsV2**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||**THE HERALDRY SOCIETY OF SCOTLAND**|||||||
|**Registered charity**<br>**number**<br>**On the accounts of the**<br>**charity for the period**<br>**Set out on pages**<br>**Respective**<br>**responsibilities of**<br>**trustees and examiner**<br>**Basis of independent**<br>**examiner’s statement**<br>**Independent**<br>**examiner’s statement**<br>**Signed:**<br>**Name:**<br>**Relevant professional**<br>**qualification(s) or**<br>**body (if any):**<br>**Address:**|**SC012038**|||||||
||Period start date||||Period end date|||
||Day|Month|Year||Day|Month|Year|
||<br>1|April|2024|**to**|<br>31|March|2025|
||5,6,7 & 8|||||||
|||||||||
||The charity’s trustees are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance<br>with the terms of the Charities and Trustee Investment (Scotland) 2005 Act and the<br>Charities Accounts (Scotland) Regulations 2006 (as amended). The charity trustees<br>consider that the audit requirement of Regulation 10(1)(d) of the Accounts Regulations<br>does not apply. It is my responsibility to examine the accounts as required under section<br>44(1) (c) of the Act and to state whether particular matters have come to my attention.|||||||
||My examination is carried out in accordance with Regulation 11 of the 2006 Accounts<br>Regulations.  An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by the<br>charity and a comparison of the accounts presented with those records. It also includes<br>consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the accounts and seeks<br>explanations from the trustees concerning any such matters. The procedures undertaken<br>do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit and, consequently, I do<br>not express an audit opinion on the viewgiven bythe accounts.|||||||
||In the course of my examination, no matter has come to my attention<br>1.<br>which gives me reasonable cause to believe that in any material respect the<br>requirements:<br>•<br>to keep accounting records in accordance with section 44(1) (a) of the 2005 Act and<br>Regulation 4 of the 2006 Accounts Regulations, and<br>•<br>to prepare accounts which accord with the accounting records and comply with<br>Regulation 9 of the 2006 Accounts Regulations<br>have not been met, or<br>2.  to which, in my opinion, attention should be drawn in order to enable a proper<br>understanding of the accounts to be reached.|||||||
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**4** 

