FAMILY SPECTRUM LIMITED {A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2018 Company Registration number: N1052010 Charity Registration number: NIC101329
FAMILY SPECTRUM LIMITED ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2018 Pages Officers & advisors Directors, report Independent Examinefs rerort Statement of financial activities 10 Balance sheet Notes to the financial statements 13
FAKtLY SPECTRUM LIMITED OFFICERS AND ADVISORS Dire¢tors B J Taylor P Paynter A Mark H PterSOn S Knox Resigned 30 April 2018 Appointed 30 April 2018 Appointed 31 January 2019 Secretsry David Neil Robinson Registered Offi¢e 17 Grays Hill Bangor Co Down AccouD¢*nts D N Robinson Lid Chartered AountantS 17 Grays Hill Bangor
FAMILY SPECTRUM LIMITED DIRECTORS REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2018 The directors present their report and the financial statements forthe yeor ended 31 October 20I8. Details of bow the Charity is constiluted and its Governing Documen¢: Family Spe¢trum Limited is a Company limited by guarante& and governed by its Memorandum and Articles of A550ciation initially ratified on 1211012004, omended on 1111113. We were notified that w¢ had been registered as a Charity in Northern Ireland on 2214116. Summary des¢ription of tbe Purposes of tbe Ch*rity: The purposes of the Charity are to promote good prnctice within Christian Communities in relation to marriage, family life and the many complex issues and diffi¢ulties that arise in this ore4 throu trainin& consultation, conferences, publicalions and support of Christian leaders and others. and through direct p85tornl care in ditTicult cases alongside such leaders where necessary. Authorisation of new Directors, and the method used for such 8PPOjlltmemts: As provided for in Article 3 of the Charity's Articles of Association,"The subscribers to the Memorandum of Association of the Company and such other rSOn5 as are admitted to membership in a¢cordance with th¢ articles sliall be members/Dire¢tors of the Cotllpany. No person shall be adtnitted as a memb¢rlDire¢tor of the Company unless invited to membership by the then eutTent Members/Dire¢tors" Main A¢tivities Furtknring the Cbarfty'g Purposes for the Publi¢ Benefit: PurpoJ+e l.. To promole prrteiice wiihin Chri1& communilies, eon&Fregaiions andlellow,¥hips in relaiion lo mdrriage andlamily life, ond responding lo ihe complu issues ihut arise in ihis ar¢ Related Activlties: (i) Net-working with Christian leaders to infom] them of the rnnge of input5 offered ty F8mily Spectrum- (ii) Consultations with Christian leaders in resFt¢t of diffi¢ult wes (in areas such as tliose identified at Purpose 4 below)., {iii) Support for h project- Causeway Marriage and Family Network - which encourages and supports the running of Marriage Preparation. Marriage Enri¢hment and Parenting courses in local churches and the mtnunity.
Public B¢nefit: Ongoing networking with Chrislian leaders is a key means of inforniing them or updating them alx)ut the services offered by Family Spectrum. This in turn leads io contacts from leader5 to discuss difficult pastoral issues in their ¢ongregations. The public benefit is both to the individuals. couple5 or families eXrIen¢tng the 5peLifiL difficulties. and to the leader5 in question, who are supported and develoFrd in their provision of pastoral care, primarily to ihe folk in question. but then. through the enhancement of experience and skills, for situations that may arise in the future. Causeway Marria8e and Family Netwotl( is an indendent projeLt started in 2008 by Family Spectrum personnel in harness with oik*rs. CM&FN runs training ev¢nis for thos¢ wanting lo learn how to run marriage preparation. marriage enrichment ld parenting Courses. and whiLh supports and eneourage5 those trained to Sel up and run ihese courses lo the benefit of the participants. Feedba¢k from those trained 15 consistenily positive, and a number of past participants in the courses have Shared their positive experiences at subsequ¢nt events. Purpose 2.. To Smpporl church leaders lft reluilon lo morrluge andfamlly Issmesi Including parentlngy marrlage prepurailon, enrichmenl andreslorailom, andihe pdjloral care ofihose Inlamlly crlsls. RelAted Aetlvltles: (i) Dire¢l professional supervision of a professional Social Worker employed by a lar8¢ local ¢hur¢h. (ii) Session for young parents on children and Sex education; (iii) Initiated hnd supported Ihe running of the Holy Triniiy Brompton Marriage Preparntion. Marriage and Parenting iours¢s' (iv) Professional support and training for Life Chan8er, a SoLial Work projeLt based in Piet¢rmaritzbur& S Arria. This project is Ihree-pronged, working with young St¢t people (often recent care leaver5}i young people in Children's Hom¢5 (in preparation lor leavin8 Lare and re-engaging with their families) and in couples and individuals to provide fosterin& adoption and befriending opportunities for thes¢ children and young people. Public Ben¢fits: As well as lrnining and supporting church representatives in running the above MarriaBe and Parentin8 ¢ourses. Family Spectrum personn¢l have also led courses themselves. Th¢ public benefils were for the various participants i.e. (mainly) young couples giving them the opportunity to develop 501id foundations for tlieir future marriages, for various married ¢oupl¢s seeking to enhanLe their marriages, and for those parents seeking to improve their parenling. One Family Spectrum representative provides direct professional supervision io a Social Worker employed by a local church. This included regular discussion o( a numkr of very complex situations with whieh lie is in touch (including ex-prison¢rs. some of whom may be a risk to children. broken families and mental health issues). It also includes input and support in the developmeni of some new supportive 5ervic¢s. Supervision takes place monthly and is professionally r¢corded. The public b¢nefit5 are both to the individualslfamili¢s involved and to the orgaDisatioD through the Social Worker, who althou8h work- managed within the church does not have professional supervision available within that context. The out¢ome is bdter decision makin8 (including wssible referral to statutory ag¢ncies) in the diificult cases.
One Family SpeciM repr¢sentativ¢ has a similar role and inpul inlo the Life Changer projwt in SA. This includ¢s supervision by Sky at least three times a month, covering proj¢cl development and the manag¢m¢nl of diificuli cases. The project has been visited during the year and training given, and it is pl&nn¢d to repeat this in the current year. The publiL b¢n¢fil accn]es from the support of the projeLt spe84r h¢ad, his support Staff and th¢ ¢li¢nts receiving input from thetn, delivering an improved all-round service. Purpoje 3.. To provlde speclalisl inpul in relation lo child abusdprolection issues inLliulingyouih leader Iruininx. paslonil iraining. con&utsancy In respect ol the managemenl of Schedule One ojlenders or hi&pli ri&kpariiLipanls in a ¢'tsn&*re&iailon, And ihe developmenl of ¢hildprole¢ilon poll¢'y anilpro¢¢dwes. Rel4ted Ac¢lvities.' (i) PubliL Training ev¢nts (d¢tail¢d al purpose 5) in relation to Child Sexual Abuse Recovery, and Child S¢x Off¢nd¢r Management; (li) A Child Sex Off¢nd¢r Project this involv¢s a support group for ¥x-prisoners with convictions for child s¢xual llbuse who liav¢ cthne to faith in prison. It is run in partn¢rship with Prison Fellowship (Nl). (iii) The video recording of ihe story of one such offender who htts been successfully inlegrated into fellowship with necessary safeguards, as training mal¢rial for us¢ with churLh l¢ad¢rs' (iv) Direct work with & numb¢r of child sex off¢nd¢rs on issu¢s around partioipAtion in Iwal ¢hurch¢s, and on oth¢r issu¢s; (v) Consulintion$ with Church l¢ad¢r5 r¢gttrding th# man&gem¢nt or pol¢ntial m&nag¢menl of A child sex off¢rtd¢r in th¢ir congr¢8ations' (vi) Preparation for the training of personal from prison¢r support ¢hariti¢s in the R¢public of Irelartd, ¥sp¥cially in the p051 rel¢85¢ support of child sex offenders in th¥ community: (vi) Updatin8 of local church Child Prot¢ction PoliLy and Proc¢dur¢s. Publi¢ Ilenefits: Th¢ public training ev¢nls are d¢tRiled under purpose S below. family Speclrum is d¢veloping a Child Sex Offender Project. in pllrtnership with Prison fellowship (Nl) and Releas¢ (Dublin). th¢ aim of which is engagement with those who have coinmitted serious offenc¢s. but who have come to faith. and their illtegr8tion into suitable church s¢ttings, far as is possible, with full risk manag¢ment arrang¢m¢nts in place. The public b¢n¢fits are in s¢v¢ral directions. The public and statutory ag¢nci¢s b¢n¢fit b¢cause support is availabl¢ for th¢ off¢nd¢rs in the ev¢nings and we¢keftds when the ag¢ncies are usually clos¢d. Supported ofl¢nders are also much 5af¢r ¢han isolat¢d individuals. Church leadership teams &r¢ ben¢fitted by dev¢loping hands on skills in monitoring and supportiiig potentially dangerous individual& while ensuring that all available prole¢lions are in pl¢ for vulnerabl¢ church m¢inbers And ¢hildren. The off¢nders themselves benefit through engmgement with 5UPPOrts. som¢iimes with th¢ir own families. which give them a stak¢ An society and inhibil reoffending. K¢integraling th¢s¢ lower risk off¢nders into a ongregation whos¢ leatht5 ar¢ pr¢par¢d and infornied constitutes a considernbl¢ public b¢n¢fil.
For each party this is a learning process. We have recorded th¢ story (anonymously) of one offender who has en8a8ed well and benefitted a Breat deal with this input. including the re-establi5hment of his family. Piirpose 4.. To provide Ptra1 eare miniytry lo individuats, couples and church le(er in relOn lo marrlaKe andJamily reluled issues such xual dbu.se, divorce und remarriage, ,fexual onenlalion, nwd-falih marrlage,foslering> reconsiliuledfamille,F, ,wingleparenilng und ubortion re¢overy. ReiAted Activlties: (i) Direct pastoral care to individuals. and couples, often (and preferably) referred by local church leaders. regarding issues such as marriage difficulties, pornography, separation1¢81()dY issu¢s. b¢r¢avem¢nl. family eslrangementltensions. Child sexual abuse victims. child careldevelopment. divorce/cohabiiation. crisis pregnan¢y> and anger manaBem¢nt. (li) Engagement with ¢he 'Boih Lives Malter. canipaign run by Evangelical Alliance, Care for the Family and Life (Nl). More re¢¢nily this lias led to co-ordinating with the Pre¥nancy Crisis N¢twork (England) in seeking to develop services in Nl; (iii) Support group for pre- and post-abortive women - Causeway Pr¢gnan¢y Crisis Initiative- who nin a r0Very Bible Study course, and 5UPPOrt other women troubled by past abortions Publlc Beneljts: There are a significant nuniber of people in congregational Settings wl?o have experiencedlare experiencing extensive and complicated fiimily re11£ led need$. Family Sp¢ctrum personnel provide direct pastoral input to such people, as often as possible in harness with their local church leaders. Tl)e issues that arise are varied as detailed above. The public benefits thre to the individuals or couples ¢on¢erned (provid¢d that ¢h¢y are willing to undertake the work necessary). and also to th¢ cl)urch leaders. for whom there is an ¢l¢meni of support in an otherwise lonely t&sk. and an element of training through partnership workin Our engagement with the ' Both Lives Matter, campai8n and Causeway Pr¢8nc1ncy Crisis lnitl7 tIV¢, nd now the Pregnancy Network gives V¢iluable 5UPPOrt to women who have tE¥r¢tted past abortions and. l)aving themselves experienced real healing in their lives. wish lo support each other and oiher women slarting on tl)¢ir healing journey. Some emboldened to k able lo share their journey for the help of others, which l)as proved especially powerful. Often these women do nol feel able lo be open about their past in their local congregations. Purpotse 5.. Toprovlde cnn,sulian¢y and (raininR onfamlly, marrlaxe and dlfficuli relaled15sue.s ihrough cohlerences, publlcailohs and oiher upproprlnle meun.s. Related A¢tivitie5: (i) Meeting for Family Spectrum supporters and fri¢nds outlining the development of our Child Sex Off¢nder Project. including the use of the recorded testimony of one offender's story.
(li) Planning and delivery of training sessions for churches. al conferences (New Horizon) and for Voluntary groups (CPCI. CM & FN. Release (Dublin). Life Changer (S Africa)). (iii) Training session for the National Prosecuting Authority (Pietcrmatitzbur¥s S Africa) and their Court Preparation Workers who support rnpe and child sexual abuse vietims through the court proccss und the giving on evidence. Publlc Beneflts: Conf¢rences. trainin8 s¢ssion and publications provid¢ leaders and committed lay peoplc with th¢ opportunity lo ihink through how th¢y might engage with various complex family related issues, and so ¢nhance th¢ pasloral input they ar¢ in turn able lo give. 1¢ is difficult to quantify a¢curalely ihe public benefit derived, however subsequent consultations with ih¢se leaders about specilic cases. or undertaking direct Work with con8r¢ggtion members on b¢half of or in harness with these leaders indicates that they found the inputs helpful. amily Spectrum runs events for friends and supporters lo share aEout an area of our work. usually with somL folk sharing their Peonal journey. This reinforces the engagement of those supporters with us and is a public b¢n¥fil ¢0 th¢m. It is also of great b¢n¢fit to thos¢ who shar¢ their stori¢s. Purpose 6.. Topruvldepn¥ci¢cal assislance io promule andsupport ihe well-belnx ullamllles. Related A¢tlvlties: (i) ln November 2017 we provided £700 financial support to the work of Life Line Trnst for their work on two of the Caribbean Islands devasthted by severe hurrican¢s in S¢pi¢mber 2017. This tinartce wag for th¢ r¢building of homes and imm¢diat¢ aid to affect¢d famili¢s: (li) Kosovo Support Group- two Family Spectrum personnel have been involved in annual visiis of teams to Kosovo in th¢ aftemjath of the Balkan unrest in th¢ 1990s to h¢lp with rvbuilding. This has now developed into other forn)s of support. and iiicludes facilitating visits of a full-lime worker there to update support¢rs in Nl. (iiil One Family Specirum representstive is involved as a regular Prayer Pastor for the Street Pastors orynisation operatin¥ in Coleraine and Triangle area. (iv) Two Family Spe¢trum p¢rsonn¢l are involved in consultation work with friends in Pi¢l¢nnaritzbur8, South Africa, who have b¢en working for 14 years with families infected and aff¢ct¢d by AIDS. l-his is currently sctting up a project supporting kinship ¢arelfosteringladoplion of children orphan¢d by AIDS. This has developed into a church nelwork-based project in Pielerinaritzbur& S Africa. We have provided rinan¢ial support (£900) durin¥ the year and are seeking lo access trust fund5 for further support. Two "amily Spectrum representatives have visited ihe proje¢l providing professional udvice and consultation. and plan to visit again this year. (vi) Use of designated funds re¢eived from Causeway Care in Crisis (a oharity now closed) for pro-life purposes. This includes donations to Life tnslitulc. and Evang¢lical Alli4nce (Both Lives Matter campaign) and costs incurred in running public meetin8s for Both Lives Matter, and other related expenses.
Public BeDefits: Through personal relationship Connections Family Spe¢tswm peTsonnel have become involved in several projects outlined aLx)ve which are th¢ prime responsibility of other ¢hariti¢s it to which we can offer professional expertise and support. These involvements have variously involved financial support for acute needs, consultalionladvice about service developments for other charities. and occasionally. direct involvement with the clients or slafrof the oiher charities. The public benefils accrue to ihe individuals and families who receive the aid. and to the oiher chttleS whose staff and services are enhan¢ed by Ihe professional input e.g. we have had discussion and sharin¥ of best practice with a social worker wl¥) is based in the |Lite Line projects in the Caribbean on child protection issues, as well as the financial aid sent after the hurricanes. The work in Kosovo has Ixen mainly practical r¢buildiiig of homes and also som¢ work in schools and with youth affected through teams going from Nl since 2000, but it is also sustaii)ed by regular mcetings in Nl of previous tellm memkrs who seek to remain informed and who ¢ontinue to support the people we know there. This involves meetin&F up with Kosovo b&sed workers who come to Nl trom time to lime. Tl)e project in South Africa is in its early sla8es. Family Speclrnm personnel with fostering and oPtIOn ¢xperien¢e have now vi511ed, and are planning to preseni several seminars al the SA Association of Sws conference from 2 to 4 July 2019, along with other church bAsed lrninin Tfv)se bellefittiiig from the use of funds donated io Lite Institute and Both Lives Matter. and in rniining two PLiblic m¢¢'lings are th¢ unborn children that we trust will be h¢lped. their mothers and possibly lamilies. and those working directly with (hem. Revlew of the Charlty'j fiDanell position for the year: Unrestricted funds Opening reserves of £6,591. Deficit for the year of £1,003. Closing reserve5 of £5.588. Restricted funds - Opening reserves of £2,238, Defi¢it for the year of £518. Closing reserves of £1,720. Restricted fund$ relat¢ 10 funds received from Crluseway Catc in Crisis (a chArity now c105ed) Fundg held by the Charity as a 'cu5todlAn trustee.: Family Sp¢ctNm Limited holds Restricted funds received from the now ceased charity, Causeway Care in Crisis. These tunds were passed to Family Spectrum Limited, on the und¢r5tAnding that they would be Used solely for purposes in harnjony with the aims and purposes of Ccinc. The purposes of Ihe fomier Ccinc all fall within the ranbte ot purposes of Family Spe¢trum Limited. These monies are held in separate account known as Family Spectrum Limited No. 2 Account (CPCI). Funds from this aOunt have ien used as detailed at Purpos¢ 6 (vi} above.
Statement of CompliaD¢e: The Charity Directors have complied with the duty to have re8ard to the guidan¢¢ issued by the Commission under section 4{b) of the Charities Act (Nt). Approved by ih¢ Board on 18 July 2019 and sign¢d on its behalf by. B J Taylor (Dir¢ctor) H Palterson (Director)
Independent eumiDer's report ¢0 the charity trustees of Family Speetrum Llmlted I report on the accounts of the company for the year ended 31 October 2018 on pag¢5 10 10 13. Respective respDDsibilitia of ch4rity trustees examiner As the charity's trnste¢s (and also the directors of the company for the purpos¢s of ¢ompany law) you are responsibl¢ for the preparation of the accounts in accord¢¢ with the r¢quir¢m¢nts of the Companies Act 2006. HAving salisfi¢d myself that the Charity is not subject to audil under company law. and is eligible for independent examination, it is my resp)nsibilily to.. Examiiie ihe accounts under section 65 of Ihe Charities Act ollow the pnicedures laid down in th¢ g¢n¢ral DI¢1$0nS giv¢n by the Commission under s¢¢tion 65{9Xb) of the Charities Act Stnte wh¢th¢r p&rticul&r mAtlers have come lo my attention. BAgi8 ofindepeDdent exgminer'8 report have ¢xamin¢d your charity accounts &s required under section 65 of the Charities Act and my ¢xamination was cArri¢d out in nccordanc¢ wilh th¢ &Feneral Directions gI¢n by th¢ Charity Commission for Nhern Ireland uiid¢r s¢clion 65{9)(b) of ihe Charities Acl. My ¢x8mination inoluded 4 r¢view of the accounting r¢¢ords kept by th¢ charity And a comparisoii of the accounts pr¢sent¢d with thos¢ r¢cords. It also in¢lud¢d consideration of any unusulll items or dis¢losur¢s in the accounts and seeking explanations from you ¢h&rity trust¢es ¢on¢erning any such matt¢r& My role is lo slal¢ wh¢tli¢r any material matters have Come to my attention giving me caus¢ to b¢li¢v¢.' l. That accounting records were not kept in 40rdance with $¢¢lion 386 of the Companies Aci 2006 2. ThAI the accounts do not accord with those accounting records 3. 1'hal the a¢¢ounls do not comply wilh th¢ accounting requirements of se¢lion 396 of the Coinpai)ies Act 2006 and with Ihe methods &iid principles of the Charities Siat¢m¢nt of R¢commeiided Pra¢ti¢¢ appli¥abl¢ lo ¢l)arilies preparing Ih¢ir accounts in ac¢ordanc¢ with Il)¢ l.'inan¢ial Reporting Standard appli¢abl¢ in th¢ UK and R¢publi¢ of Ireland 4. That there is furth¢r infomiation needed for a proper und¢rstandin8 of the accounts lo be reach¢d. Independent ex4mlner'8 stgtement I have complet¢d my examinatioii aiid liaie no conc¢ms in respect of the matt¢rs ( l ) to (4) listed ave and, in connection with followin8 lh¢ Directiolls of thc Charity Commissioii for North¢m Ir¢land, I have found no matters that require drawing to your attention. D N Kobinson Charterd A¢¢ountant 17 Grays Hill, Bangor. Co Down 18July2019
FAMILY SPECTRUM LIMITED STATEME1 OF FINANCIAL ACTtVlTtES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2018 2018 Unrestricted Restrict¢d Funds Funds 2018 2018 Total funds 2017 Total funds Income Donations and legacies Jnvestments 1.820 1,820 2,367 Total income 1,826 1,828 2.372 Expenditure Charitabl¢ activities 2,829 520 3,349 1,822 Total expenditure 2,829 520 3,349 1,822 Net ineomel(expenditure) aDd net movement in funds for the year (1,003) (518} (1,521) 550 Recon¢iliation of funds Total funds brou1 foNard 6,591 2.238 8,829 8,279 Total funds egrrled forward 5,588 1.720 7,308 8,829 The stat¢m¢nt of financial acttvities includ¢s all gains and losses in the year. All of the amounts above relate to continuing activities. -10-
FAMILY SPECTRUM LIMITED BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 OCTOBER 2018 2018 2017 Notes Current assets D¢biors Cash at bank and in hand 713 6,595 7.308 413 8,416 8,829 Crlitors. amouDls f4lliDg due withl one year Net current assets 7,308 8,829 Total Assets 7,308 8,829 Funds Unrestritted 5,588 6,591 Rtricted 1.720 2238 7,308 8,829 The directors, statements required by Sections 475(2) a1 (3) are shown on the following page whi¢h forms part of Ih&s balance sheet.
FAMILY SPECTRUM LILWllTED BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED) DIRECTORS, STATEMENfs REQUIRED B Y SECTIONS 475(2) AIYD (3) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2018 In approving these financial statement as directors of the company we hereby confirnJ= (a) that for the year slat¢d above th¢ company was entitled to th¢ exemption conferred by Section 477 of the CompaDi¢s Act 2006. (b) that no notice has been deposited at the registered office of the company pursuant to Section 476 requesting than an audit be conducted for the year ended 31 October 2018 and (c) that we acknowledg¢ our responsibilities for: ( l) ensuring that th¢ company keeps accounting records which comply with Section 386, and (2) pr¢paring financial statements which give a true and fair vi¢w of th¢ state of affairs of th¢ company a5 at the ¢nd ot the financial year and of its profit or loss for the y¢ar then ended in accordance with th¢ requirements of Sections 394 and 395 and which otherwise comply with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006 relating to financial ststements, so far as applicable to the company. Th¢ financial slatements on pages 8 to 13 were approved by the board on 18 July 2019 and were signed on its b¢half by.. Director: B J Taylor H Patter50n -12-
FAMILY SPECTRUM LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2018 l. Principal aceouttting policies The financial statements hav¢ been ppared in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities.. Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic ol Ireland (FRS 102) (effe¢tive l January 2015)- (Charities SORP (FRS 102)), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable to the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006. Fund accountlng The company has various types of funds for which it is ffSkX)nsible and which require separate disclosure. A definition of the various types of funds is as follows: Restrieted funds Restricted ndS are lo be used for specific purposes as laid down by the donor. ExndItUre which meet these criteria is identified to the fund, together with a fair allocation of overheads and support cost$. Unrestricted (unds General funds are amounts received or generated and which are expendable at the discretion of the cofflpany in furtherance of its objective 2. Taxation The oharitable company is exempt from corporation tax on its charitable activitles. 3. Restricted funds Opening Income Exp¢nditur¢ Closing Causeway Care in Crisis 2,238 (520) 1.720 4. Liability of mtmbers Family Spectrnm Limited is a company limited by guarantee. and drts not have a share capitsl. The liability of each member is limited to an amount not exceeding £1. -13-