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← Promoting Autonomy And Change Limited

2025-03-31-accounts

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

(A company limited by guarantee)

Annual Report and Financial Statements

31 March 2025

Company registration number: 01864139 Charity registration number: 517818

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Contents

Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Reference and Administrative Details Details Details 1
Trustees’ report 2
Trustees’ responsibilities in relation to the financial statements 18
Independent examiner's report 19
Statement of financial activities 20
Balance sheet 21
Notestothefinancial statements 22

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

Chair Statement

This year has been one of celebration and transformation for PAC Therapy. As we marked our 40th birthday, we honoured our legacy and embraced important changes that are shaping our future ~~.~~ We have strengthened our team, expanded our reach, and enhanced the way we support children and young people across Cumbria.

One of the highlights of the year was our 40th birthday celebration. It was great to see such a coordinated team effort in planning and delivering the event, and it was a real pleasure to come together as an organisation to mark such a milestone occasion ~~.~~ A further highlight of the year was seeing our hard work recognised; we were delighted to finish the year as a recipient of a High Sheriff Award ~~.~~

This year we welcomed new colleagues, Jenna as Development Manager and Russ, as Art Therapy Apprentice. We said goodbye to Erin, whose contributions we sincerely appreciate. To our Trustee Team we welcome Miriam and look forward to her participation at Board Level. We say goodbye to Trustees Robbie and Sally and thank them for all their efforts ~~.~~

We also saw a change in leadership, with Jen formally stepping into the role of Charity Director ~~.~~ While she had already been leading the organisation in practice, this promotion recognised the strategic leadership and commitment she has consistently demonstrated over recent years ~~.~~ Her maternity leave later in the year was a positive moment for the organisation, and the way the team worked together during this period demonstrated PAC’s strength and stability ~~.~~

The Development Manager role was successfully filled by Jenna, who has brought her own style and enthusiasm to the organisation along with a can ~~-~~ do attitude which is essential in a small organisation like PAC ~~.~~ Her energy and approach have been particularly appreciated in such a mult ~~i-~~ faceted role ~~.~~

A key development for PAC has been the introduction of a new Operations Manager role, which became firmly established this year ~~.~~ Louise, who stepped away from a well-established career in teaching, has made the role her own and quickly become an essential part of the charity. Her work has added real value, particularly through closer collaboration with the new Mult ~~i-~~ Agency Mental Health Triage Hub, helping young people access the right support more efficiently ~~.~~

Our therapist team continues to be central to PAC ~~.~~ Their professionalism and commitment have remained consistent throughout the year, even as referrals have become more complex and demand has increased. Their work ensures that young people receive the specialist support they need, and their contribution is essential to everything we do.

While funding continues to be a challenge, particularly in securing long ~~-~~ term sustainability, we were pleased to end the year with a small increase in income ~~.~~ This reflects the confidence funders have in the quality and impact of our work, and it reinforces the importance of the service we provide.

As we look ahead, | want to thank every member of the PAC team, our funders, supporters, volunteers, and community partners ~~.~~ Your continued support enables us to keep making a meaningful difference, one young person at a time ~~.~~

Becky Wilcox, Chair of Trustees

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

The Trustees (who are also directors of the Charity for the purposes of the Companies Act) have pleasure in presenting their annual report together with the financial statements of the Charity for the year ended 31 March 2025 ~~.~~

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in notes to the accounts and comply with the charity's governing document, the Charities Act 2011 and Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland ~~.~~

PAC is a charity working with children and young people ~~.~~ When funding allows, we can work from ages 7 to 19, and also up to age 25 for young people who are leaving care or those who havea learning disability ~~.~~

PAC began in 1984 ~~-~~ initially known as Practical Alternatives to Custody ~~.~~ For many years PAC supported young people at risk of being criminalised or who had committed offences and were awaiting sentence. Counselling and alternative education provision was delivered ~~.~~ As youth justice policy evolved so did PAC and in 2014 moved away from the youth justice arena to focus more on counselling and therapy ~~.~~ The PAC acronym remained, as it was So recognised in our region, but what it stood for was altered to Promoting Autonomy and Change ~~.~~

This is what PAC is all about ~~—~~ promoting autonomy and change in children and young people who suffer from acute and challenging mental health difficulties.

ACTIVITIES FOR ACHIEVING OBJECTIVES

Promoting Autonomy and Change (PAC) Limited is a Carlisle registered charity and limited company that provides one ~~-to-~~ one counselling and therapy sessions to young people who need support for emotional, interpersonal and/or mental health problems ~~.~~ We engage with, assess, and then deliver therapy to young people using a range of therapeutic techniques including art psychotherapy, music therapy, talking therapy, integrated psychotherapy, creative therapies and group work ~~.~~

The therapy we offer at PAC has evolved through many years of one ~~-to-~~ one delivery, research, and service user feedback ~~.~~ We are confident our therapeutic service provision is one that young people choose to attend and produces positive outcomes. Our provision is innovative and creative, providing the conditions and environment necessary for young people to gain the confidence to consider and make change.

The need for PAC’s provision has arisen from identifying a group of disadvantaged young people who are struggling in society, however we work with children and young people from any background ~~.~~ PAC has developed the type of support that young people choose to access and that works for them ~~.~~ This range of support is otherwise unavailable within Carlisle and the surrounding area, and as such there has been a consistently high demand for the provision of therapy at PAC ~~.~~

The children and young people we work with have complex emotional and mental health needs which have remained unaddressed. Many of the young people who attend PAC face circumstances and problems so complex and multiple that they prevent them from accessing mainstream support ~~.~~ They may also lack the personal ability to engage in any service offered to help them ~~.~~ This significantly reduces the opportunities that should be available to them, and society fails them by simply not knowing how to meet their complex needs or how to engage with them ~~.~~

Our provision is person ~~-c~~ entred and empowers young people to make changes in their lives through the insight and sel ~~f~~ -awareness that they gain from their therapy sessions ~~.~~ The focus is not on the young person’s problems or on making a diagnosis but instead on their needs ~~.~~ Being a person ~~-c~~ entred organisation is fundamental to how we deliver our provision ~~.~~ A non ~~-~~ judgemental and empathic approach is essential.

MAIN ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN TO FURTHER THE CHARITY'S PURPOSE FOR PUBLIC BENEFIT

Our activities, along with the achievements and performances listed within our report, are all undertaken to further our charitable purpose and for public benefit ~~.~~ The trustees have considered the guidance issued by the Charity Commission in respect of public benefit and confirm that the charity adheres to this guidance ~~.~~

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES

Achievements and performance

Over the past year our provision has continued to base itself on theoretical models; Art Psychotherapy, Music Therapy, Person ~~-~~ Centred Counselling, Integrative Psychotherapy, Creative Therapies and Groupwork Therapy. This gives us the scope to best meet the specific needs of the individual and/or group ~~.~~

This year 121 (116 in YE2024) young people have accessed therapy at PAC ~~.~~ Caseloads are mostly complex requiring a time commitment that enables effective and long ~~-~~ term resolution ~~.~~ The average wait time (point of referral to starting therapy) of young people referred to us during YE2025 was 3 months (this remains the same as YE2024) ~~.~~ We aim not to have more than 30 young people waiting at any one time and referral criteria will be amended accordingly to help manage this.

1890 (compared 1844 in YE2024) one to one therapy hours were made available and 16 group sessions (compared 10 in YE2024) ~~.~~ This year we had between 15 and 17 therapy days available to us per week, starting at 15 in April 2023 and gradually building to 17 by the September (this compares to 10 to 15 therapy days a week in YE2024). These were delivered by 5 therapists and 1 trainee ~~.~~ Due to many of our staff being part time the term ‘therapy days’ is used to describe a full day that someone is employed to deliver therapy.

Possible outcomes may include:

Outcomes are different for each young person depending on their needs and individual circumstances ~~.~~ We explore outcomes in further depth later in this report.

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

Demographics for young people worked with in YE2025:

« The average age at time of referral was age 13 years and 7 months (age 14 in YE2024).

0 69% female (61%) 0 27% male (32%) 0 1% non ~~-b~~ inary (1%) o 2% Transgender (3%) o 1% Not disclosed (3%)

« The diagram below shows the spread of young people we worked with this year location wise:

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

1 ~~.~~ CA2 = 34% 2 ~~.~~ CA1 = 21% 3 ~~.~~ CA3 = 10% 4 ~~.~~ CA11 = 10% 5 ~~.~~ CA7 =7% 6 ~~.~~ CA6 = 5% 7. CA8 = 5% 8 ~~.~~ CA4 = 4% 9 ~~.~~ CA5 = 2% 10 ~~.~~ CA15 = 2% 11.CA10=1% 12 ~~.~~ CA16=1%

« In terms of ethnicity, we are predominantly working with ‘White British’ children and young people, however our figures are closely in line with the local demographics ~~.~~

Referral Routes into our service

In YE2025 referral restrictions remained in place whereby only referrals from professionals from particular organisations will be accepted ( ~~i.~~ e ~~.~~ we have not accepted any self ~~-~~ referrals) ~~.~~ This helps to manage our waiting list ~~.~~

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----- Start of picture text -----
Referral route of new Referral route of new
referrals accepted on to referrals accepted on to
our waiting list during our waiting list during
YE2024 YE2024
4% 4%
18% 18%
a7% 37%
nm 7
21% 21%
ise 13%
e CAMHS a CAMHS
| Chid & Family Support Services @ child & Family Support Services
a Childrens Services Team B Childrens Services Team
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----- End of picture text -----

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

The below is based on what the referrer has selected on our referral form:

« Youth Support includes Targeted Youth Support, Youth Justice Service and Youthzone ~~.~~

Typical Service received by young people at PAC in YE2025:

Where young people completed their work at PAC, the average number of sessions offered was 30 and attended was 25 (remains the same as YE2024) ~~.~~ The attendance rate therefore remains at around 80% ~~.~~

Desired Outcomes

On our referral form we ask the referrer ‘What outcomes would you like to see for the young person?’ ~~.~~ The following is a summary of those answers ~~.~~ To give more substantial data we have included answers from referrals made from February 2024 to November 2025 ~~.~~ There were 261 ~~.~~ For transparency, due to time constraints, this was summarised using Al that themed the answers based on number of mentions of a particular topic ~~.~~ Al has ordered the themes with those mentioned most coming first. It has also provided example quotes ~~.~~ The answers provided are in line with what we see at PAC ~~.~~

1) Anxiety and panic management

« “for X to have less anxiety and be able to attend school”

« “X to explore feelings of overwhelm and panic, find healthy coping strategies”

« “support to manage anxiety to the best of her ability”

2) Relationships (family and peers)

« “XK to engage with mum and siblings, empowered to handle emotions”

« “work to improve family relationships’

3) Coping strategies and skills

« “learn effective coping strategies to manage anxiety and low mood”

« “strategies to de escalate behaviour”

« “gain techniques and skills to support overwhelming emotions”

4) Trauma processing and bereavement

« “support to process the incident she witnessed and move on successfully”

5) School attendance and engagement

« “be successful in school both educationally and socially”

« “long term goal of being able to return to school’

« “counselling and support for both social and education”

6) Confidence and self esteem

« “improved self esteem and confidence”

7) Communication skills

« “opportunity to share feelings about trauma”

« “voice needs to others and engage more in healthy ways”

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

8) Social engagement and peer skills

10) Emotional regulation and self control

« “use regulation skills to manage low mood and anxiety”

11) Safe space and talking openly

12) Anger management and aggression

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

Further Referral Information

For further context around referrals, we also ask the question ~~.~~ ‘Please tick the following life events or changes where relevant’ ~~.~~ The graph below shows the answers to this question ~~.~~ Again, this is based on referrals from February 2024 to November 2025 ~~.~~

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----- Start of picture text -----
@ Family breakdown 7 __
®@ incase 1s =
@ Adopted 5 ry
2 Moving area / house / school 62 aa
@ Historica! domestic violence 49 —————————
@ Historical abuse 39 Ea
@ Historical neglect 26 ——E=s
@ Death or illness in the family 62 ———EE
e Parental drug and alcohol misuse - 35
historical ===)
e Parental drug and alcohol misuse - 15
engoing Vi)
@ OSsrental mental health issues - historical 40 ||
@ Csrental mental heath isswes - ongoing 46 |
oO 50 100 150
----- End of picture text -----

We also ask ‘Are any of the following presenting behaviours relevant to the young person?’. The graph below shows the answers which again provide further context around the young people being referred to PAC ~~.~~

  1. Are any of the following presenting benavigurs relevent te the young person? Plecse telect os mony of apolicabic

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® anions 188 SST
@ Phobia 10 [|
@® Sepreccee persenciat a —————
® OOD ape behaviour 14. r=
@ Antieccial Gehantour a
@@ AggreiiveCteruptime caa —=——y
=
@ Hypersceve 32
@ impubh Te =
hasan Pa ea|
@ Ratugingto attend ache or ereiing Ee ] SS
@ Wihdrnen +0 ——EE
© scuned Ee SSS
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@ Fuk wking behavourn 4 —————
® Boor peer relation ia] zx
Bonen = ———a
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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

Finally, we ask, ‘Are any of the following relevant to the young person?’.

  1. Are any of the following relevant to the young person? Please tick as mony as applicable.

|®|Youngcorer|20|—"||||| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |@®|Ssrent|3|u|||| |@|Young person is a parent|it)||||| |be|AutisticSpectrum Disorder(ASD)-
diagnosed|2|Esk|||| |eeeeee
SuEpected||a|————|||| |e
@|Actention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD) -diagnosed
tention DeficitHyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD) - suspected|nT
=
=|——
SSS|||| |@|Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE)|9||||| |@®|Sereavenent|42|SSS|||| ||||a
20|ag|0|a0|

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

Referrals came from professionals and so the themes identified represent the perspective of adults, however it is hoped that the majority of adults consulted with the young person at the time of referral.

Achieved Outcomes

We collect both quantitative and qualitative data to monitor and evaluate therapy outcomes ~~.~~

Quantitative Outcomes Data

We use the Wheel of Life (WoL) & Young Person Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (YP ~~-~~ CORE). WoL is a visual assessment that considers all aspects of life to support the young person in identifying areas of strength and areas for further development ~~.~~ YP ~~-~~ CORE is a sel ~~f-~~ reported questionnaire that helps monitor distress, subjective wellbeing, problems/symptoms & risk factors ~~.~~ These measures are completed by the young person, usually at the start or within the first four sessions of therapy and then at 6 ~~-~~ weekly intervals when progress is discussed and reviewed against the initial aims of therapy (agreed at referral). This supports the provision of a therapy plan moving forward ~~.~~ From the beginning of therapy, the young person scores & evaluates their progress, personal shifts and achievements, empowering them towards self ~~-~~ realisation ~~.~~

We analysed some WoL data from 74 young people who had completed their therapy at PAC ~~.~~ Our Wheel of Life asks young people to rate the following areas of life:

Analysing the data to provide averages across all scores shows that young people typically improved in 11 of the 13 areas ~~.~~ The strongest difference was made in ‘How| deal with feelings’ ~~.~~ The next biggest change was ‘How | deal with anger’. In joint 3rd was ‘Coping with change’, ‘Self esteem’ and ‘Education and training’. These were followed by ‘Freetime and fun’, ‘Confidence’, ‘How others see me’ and ‘Friends’.

There are difficulties with this quantitative type of data as many young people are reluctant to engage. Therapists also observe that sometimes you can actually see a worsening of scores however this is because the young person is becoming more aware of themselves and answering more honestly. We have also noted that there are differences in our organisation with how this task is delivered, with some therapists allowing the young person to just fill it in without any engagement whereas others chat through it with the young person and draw out their thoughts. We acknowledge that these two different approaches may provide differing results. This can be due to therapist preferences but can also be done this way based on the young person if the therapist senses that they will not take well to such measures (Some young people have had a lot of these measures passed to them if they have been through other services first and, to be blunt, they get sick of them) ~~.~~ Bearing all this in mind, the data tells us that 68% of young people improved in their Wheel of Life Scores.

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

CORE Outcomes

We analysed YP ~~-~~ CORE data from the same young people ~~.~~ YP ~~-~~ CORE asks young people to rate the following:

  1. I've felt edgy or nervous

  2. | haven't felt like talking to anyone

  3. _ I've felt able to cope when things go wrong

  4. _ I've thought of hurting myself

  5. 5 ~~.~~ There's been someone| felt able to ask for help

  6. 6 ~~.~~ My thoughts and feelings distressed me

  7. 7 ~~.~~ My problems have felt too much for me

  8. It's been hard to go to sleep or stay asleep

  9. I've felt unhappy

  10. I've done all the things | wanted to

They can answer with:

These are then scored accordingly. Reassuringly, averaging out the data showed there were typically positive improvements in all ten measures ~~.~~ The biggest changes, in joint first, were ‘My problems have felt too much for me’ and ‘I haven’t felt like talking to anyone’. In joint second was ‘I’ve felt edgy or nervous’ and ‘I’ve felt unhappy’. In joint third, I’ve felt able to cope when things go wrong’ and ‘I’ve done all the things | wanted to’ ~~.~~

When looking at young people scores overall, 67% improved in their Wheel of Life score ~~.~~ Again, as mentioned earlier, we do need to bear in the mind the difficulties with this type of data which could impact this percentage ~~.~~

Qualitative Outcomes Data ~~—~~ from the young people

It is interesting to know what stood out to young people as the key takeaways from their therapy experience. It gives us some insight into what was important for them ~~.~~ The following analysis was taken from feedback given by young people ~~.~~ Again, for transparency, due to time constraints, Al has been used to theme this data ~~.~~

The top themes which sum up significant components of therapy for these young people are:

1 ~~.~~ Feeling listened to, safe and validated

Young people valued having a safe, non judgmental space to “get things off [their] chest,” feel understood, and have feelings validated.

Quotes (anonymised):

“| feel understood. | get lots of helpful advice. Sensory toys help.” “I like sessions... it’s nice to get my feelings out... I’m not as angry as | used to be.” “| have been able to feel safe to express myself and work through my feelings in a healthy way.”

2 ~~.~~ Confidence, opening up and communication

Growth in confidence, being able to open up, talk to others, and set boundaries; improved relationships with friends/family.

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

Quotes:

“PAC has boosted my confidence and helped me make new friends.” “The sessions helped me to gradually open up... speak to others... set boundaries.” “PAC... helped me to be able to open up.”

3. Coping skills and emotion regulation

Practical strategies for stress, overwhelm, and anger (e ~~.~~ g ~~.,~~ breathing/grounding, using advice, sensory supports) ~~.~~

Quotes:

“Helpful advice. Sensory toys help.” “I’m not as angry as | used to be.” “Improved my ability to cope under stress... implement the advice... get less overwhelmed.”

4 ~~.~~ Self understanding and insight

selfber ~~.e~~ t understanding of self, emotions, and why | do certain things; reflection and connecting with one’s “core

Quotes:

“| have gained an understanding of myself... connection to my core self and inner workings.” “I have learned a lot of things | would never have known.” “Deeper understanding of [my] thoughts/feelings... someone to talk to.”

5. School, education and work

Improved school experience; benefit from alternative education arrangements; feeling less reactive in school; plans for college; reflections on work ~~.~~

Quotes:

‘young person] is now happy at school and enjoys going.” “[young person] felt things were better after starting an alternate education provision.” “[young person]... didn’t get into fights in school anymore.”

  1. Accessible, separate space and choice

Value of a quiet, separate space, and choice/control (e ~~.~~ g ~~.,~~ method of contact, option not to speak) ~~.~~

Quotes:

“Option to choose the method of contact... gave a sense of control.” “A space away from everything else.”

7 ~~.~~ Recovery and progress (incl. Eating Disorder (ED), self harm)

Noting positive change in recovery journeys (e ~~.~~ g ~~.,~~ ED recovery beginning here; no longer desiring self harm; “things are looking up”).

Quotes:

“PAC is literally the reason my ED recovery started.” “No longer have the desire to sel ~~f-~~ harm.”

8. Creative/arts based therapy & sensory

Benefiting from art therapy, sensory supports, and making/doing an activity while talking ~~.~~

“The sessions... with the added activity of making something.” “Art therapy has transformed how | was feeling.”

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

In summary what seems to help most:

Qualitative Outcomes Data ~~—~~ from the therapists

We also ask the therapists to make observations about impact ~~.~~ This was again themed by Al as follows:

The top four themes (by frequency) were:

Further themes can be found below with example quotes:

Relationships and trust

“They have better relationships with parents. They feel more able to enjoy school.”

“They have been more relaxed about me sharing information about how they feel with their caregiver... Trust has been gained.”

Education engagement

“Gradually phasing back... 15 minutes a day to start with, which is a positive change.”

“Completed GCSEs and was able to go to college after getting the results needed.”

Confidence and positive affect

“Presenting in increased confidence, demonstrated by improved posture... more relaxed in session, full engagement.”

“Arrives and leaves session time with a smile and wave.”

Communication and emotional expression

“Gradually more able to openly express emotions within sessions ~~—~~ a significant shift.”

“More able to listen to psychoeducation in sessions without dismissing it.”

Coping skills and psychoeducation uptake

“Using coping mechanisms discussed ~~—~~ yoga and body awareness work.”

“Identified strategies to manage emotions; previously dismissed the idea they could help.”

Creative/arts therapy shifts

“Art work themes seem lighter; they are more chatty and brighter.”

“Made less mess and more deliberate marks; said this was their best art so far.”

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

Risk and safety

“Selfharm thoughts checked; more extreme thoughts occur but no intent to act.”

“Stopped taking cannabis; more positive and coping through trusted connections.”

Autonomy and life skills

“Taking a driving test next month; volunteering; applying for further study.”

“Able to get on a bus independently and enjoys going to education now.”

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

Financial review

To ensure financial stability PAC will propose planned budgets over a two ~~-~~ year period.

This year PAC had funding in place from Cumberland Council (for vulnerable young people with mental health issues) ~~.~~ This started April 2023 and will run until March 2026 ~~.~~ While we have had this same contract for a number of years and there is potential for a further extension, we also anticipate that there may be reviews by the Council and we cannot presume that any extension will go ahead ~~.~~ We will monitor this risk throughout the upcoming year and aim to find out as early as possible as to whether our contract will be extended or whether we will need to find the funds elsewhere ~~.~~

This year PAC was funded by three national grant awarding bodies, The Henry Smith Charity, The National Lottery Community Fund (Awards for All) and Tesco Stronger Starts ~~.~~ We also secured funds from four local grant awarding bodies ~~-~~ Francis C ~~.~~ Scott Charitable Trust, EC Graham, Cumbria Community Foundation and Frieda Scott Trust ~~.~~ We are grateful to all our grant funders for their support ~~.~~

Further income is derived from donations and fundraising ~~.~~ We are extremely grateful to our regular monthly donors who have all provided long term monthly support to PAC ~~.~~ Thank you also to our fundraisers and all those who donated to their fundraising efforts.

Money was also saved by the donation of goods. Thank you to Story Homes for the donation of laptops ~~.~~

Thanks also to those who have volunteered for PAC this year:

We appreciate the companies allowing the staff time away from work and the individuals giving us their time, energy and enthusiasm ~~.~~

Due to mult ~~i-~~ year bids already secured this year’s income was similar to the previous year providing a settled year where we could focus on delivery ~~.~~ We will continue to monitor our funds for year ~~-~~ on ~~-~~ year sustainability as well as growth in line with strategic plans.

At the yearend total reserves stood at £188,166 (2024 ~~-~~ £172,032) with £105,191 (2024 ~~-~~ £106,562) being unrestricted/designated and £82,975 (2024 ~~-~~ £65,470) being restricted ~~.~~ Free reserves at the yearend were £101,698 (2024 ~~-~~ £54,046) ~~.~~

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

RESERVES POLICY

PAC maintains a designated reserve of £50,000 to ensure we can meet essential closure costs, such as redundancy payments and outstanding liabilities, should we ever need to wind down operations. This reserve reflects our commitment to sound financial stewardship and responsible governance. In addition, we aim to maintain a bank balance equivalent to ~~3-6~~ months of operating costs (approximately £60,000 ~~—£~~ 120,000), providing a strong buffer against unforeseen challenges. If our funds were ever to fall to just 3 months of operating costs, with no confirmed income beyond that point, we would initiate a structured closure process, giving staff and young people three months’ notice ~~.~~ These measures demonstrate our proactive approach to financial stability and our dedication to protecting both our team and the young people we serve ~~.~~

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE, AND MANAGEMENT

Constitution

The company is registered as a charitable company limited by guarantee and was set up by a Memorandum of Association on 16 November 1984 ~~.~~

The company is constituted under a Memorandum of Association dated 16 November 1984 and is a registered charity, number 517818 ~~.~~

The charitable company is a company limited by guarantee having no share capital. The liability of each member in the event of winding up is limited to £1.

TRUSTEE & STAFFING CHANGES

Trustee changes:

We have four Trustees on the Board ~~.~~

There have been various staffing changes throughout this financial period:

METHOD OF APPOINTMENT OR ELECTION OF TRUSTEES

Trustees are elected from the membership at the Annual General Meeting ~~.~~

ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE AND DECISION MAKING

Promoting Autonomy and Change (PAC) Ltd Directors formerly meet four times a year to monitor the activities and provision at PAC, the staffing requirements and performance, and the financial management. Relevant information is provided in a quarterly report by the PAC Charity Director.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

Funding is secured for YE2026 which allows us time to focus on delivery whilst also looking ahead for additional or replacement grant funding and experimenting with developing some other income streams such as fundraising and corporate sponsorship ~~.~~

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Trustees’ Report for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

In terms of staffing our Charity Director returned from Maternity Leave in April 2025 for two days a week. Due to one of our Art Therapists moving out of area we have two therapy days a week to replace, we will be recruiting for this ~~.~~ There are no other staffing changes planned for the upcoming year unless we can increase our funding further as there is still room for growth, delivery wise, at PAC ~~.~~

We will continue to monitor demand on the organisation and amend our referral criteria as necessary to manage this in order that our wait list does not become excessive ~~.~~ We aim to have young people seen within a few months of being referred ~~.~~ To do this unfortunately means not being able to accept referrals from everyone that would like to refer.

We will continue to try and link with other relevant organisations in order to work together as a larger team to improve the experience of young people trying to find help and support ~~.~~ The Multi Agency Mental Health Triage Hub is a great example of this working well. For example, scattergun referrals, which were very common across the sector, are now less of a problem which has improved time efficiency ~~.~~

We will continue to utilise systems to improve our governance and time efficiency ~~.~~ We have plans to introduce Upshot which we hope will improve our record keeping as well as making reporting to funders easier ~~.~~ We will also utilise the functionality of Microsoft 365 further to help with referral processing ~~.~~

We will continue to focus on delivering one to one therapy however we also aim to continue with developing some group work ~~.~~

We aim to continue our participation efforts with our Young Voice Group and develop projects that arise as a result of that ~~.~~

We also aim to continue with building improvements to ensure the building and therapeutic environment is the best it can be for the young people and the staff team ~~.~~

Small company provisions

This report has been prepared in accordance with the small companies regime under the Companies Act 2006.

Approved by the Board on 3 December 2025 and signed on its behalf by:

M Whitfield FCCA Trustee

Page 17

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Trustees’ Responsibilities in relation to the Financial Statements

The trustees (who are also directors of Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd for the purposes of company law) are responsible for preparing the Trustees' Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and the Financial Reporting Standard 102 ~~-~~ "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland’ ~~.~~

Company law requires the trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company and of the incoming resources and application of resources, including income and expenditure, of the charitable company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the trustees are required to:

The trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charitable company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charitable company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Page 18

Independent Examiner's Report to the Trustees of

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

| report on the accounts of the company for the year ended 31 March 2025, which are set out on pages 20 to 32 ~~.~~

Respective responsibilities of trustees and examiner

The trustees (who are also the directors of the company for the purposes of company law) are responsible for the preparation of the accounts. The trustees consider that an audit is not required for this year under section 144(2) of the Charities Act 2011 as amended by the Charities Act 2022 (the Act) and that an independent examination is needed ~~.~~

Having satisfied myself that the charity is not subject to audit under Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 and is eligible for independent examination, it is my responsibility to:

Basis of independent examiner's report

My examination was carried out in accordance with the General Directions given by the Charity Commission ~~.~~ An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by the charity and a comparison of the accounts presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the accounts, and seeking explanations from you as trustees concerning any such matters. The procedures undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit and consequently no opinion is given as to whether the accounts present a ‘true and fair view' and the report is limited to those matters set out in the statement below.

Independent examiner's statement

In connection with my examination, no matter has come to my attention:

have not been met; or

UZ Martin Borradaile ACA Dodd & Co Limited Chartered Accountants

FIFTEEN Rosehill Montgomery Way Rosehill Estate CARLISLE CA1 2RW

3 December 2025

Page 19

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Statement of Financial Activities (including Income and Expenditure Account) for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

Unrestricted Restricted Total Funds Total Funds
Funds Funds 2025 2024
Note £ £ £ £
Income and endowments from:
Donations and legacies 2 20,181 133,533 153,714 146,080
Investments 3 1,980 ~~-~~ 1,980 1,260
Charitable activities 4 84,000 ~~-~~ 84,000 85,250
Other income 5 800 ~~-~~ 800 ~~-~~
Total income and endowments 106,961 133,533 240,494 232,590
Expenditure on:
Charitable activities 108,332 116,028 224,360 177,871
Total expenditure 108,332 116,028 224,360 177,871
Net income before transfers (1,371) 17,505 16,134 54,719
Transfers
Transfers between funds ~~-~~ ~~-~~ ~~-~~ ~~-~~
Net movements in funds (1,371) 17,505 16,134 54,719
Reconciliation offunds
Total funds brought forward ~~106,562~~ ~~65,470~~ ~~172,032~~ ~~117,313~~
Total fundscarriedforward 105,191 82,975 188,166 172,032

All of the Charity's activities derive from continuing operations during the above periods.

The notes on pages 22 to 32 form an integral part of these financial statements ~~.~~ Page 20

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Company registration number: 01864139

Balance Sheet as at 31 March 2025

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----- Start of picture text -----
||||||||| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |2025|2024| |Note|£|£|£|£| |Fixed|assets| |Tangible|assets|1|3,493|2,516| |Current|assets| |Debtors|12|25,868|25,587| |Cash|at|bank|and|in|hand|161,987|146,302| |187,855|171,889| |Creditors:|Amounts|falling|due|within| |one|year|13|(3,182)|(2,373)| |Net|current assets|184,673|169,516| |Net assets|188,166|172,032| |The|funds|of the|charity:| |Restricted|funds|82,975|65,470| |Unrestricted|funds| |Unrestricted|income|funds|105,191|106,562| |Total|charity funds|__ 188,166|___ 172,032|

----- End of picture text -----

For the financial year ended 31 March 2025, the charity was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 ~~.~~

The members have not required the charity to obtain an audit of its accounts for the year in question in accordance with section 476 of the Act.

The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Act with respect to accounting records and the preparation of accounts ~~.~~

These accounts have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime ~~.~~

Approved by the Board on 3 December 2025 and signed on its behalf by:

M Whitfield FCCA Trustee

The notes on pages 22 to 32 form an integral part of these financial statements. Page 21

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

1 Accounting policies

Summary of significant accounting policies and key accounting estimates

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

Statement of compliance

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019) ~~-~~ (Charities SORP (FRS 102)), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006.

Basis of preparation

The charitable company meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102 ~~.~~ Assets and liabilities are initially recognised at historical cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant accounting policy notes ~~.~~

Going concern

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis ~~.~~

The trustees assess whether the use of going concern is appropriate ~~i.~~ e ~~.~~ whether there are any material uncertainties related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the ability of the Charity to continue as a going concern ~~.~~ The trustees make this assessment in respect of a period of one year from the date of approval of the financial statements ~~.~~

Fund accounting policy

Unrestricted income funds are general funds that are available for use at the trustees’ discretion in furtherance of the objectives of the charity ~~.~~

Restricted income funds are those donated for use in a particular area or for specific purposes, the use of which is restricted to that area or purpose ~~.~~

Designated funds are unrestricted funds set aside at the discretion of the trustees for specific purposes ~~.~~

Further details of each fund are disclosed in note 18.

Page 22

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

wees CONtiNUCA

Income and endowments

Donations are recognised when the Charity has been notified in writing of both the amount and settlement date. In the event that a donation is subject to conditions that require a level of performance by the Charity before the Charity is entitled to the funds, the income is deferred and not recognised until either those conditions are fully met, or the fulfilment of those conditions is wholly within the control of the Charity and it is probable that these conditions will be fulfilled in the reporting period ~~.~~

Legacy gifts are recognised on a case by case basis following the grant of probate when the administor/executor for the estate has communicated in writing both the amount and settlement date. In the event that the gift is in the form of an asset other than cash or a financial asset traded on a recognised stock exchange, recognition is subject to the value of the gift being reliably measured with a degree of reasonable accuracy and the title to the asset having been transferred to the Charity.

Income from Government and other grants, whether ‘capital’ grants or ‘revenue’ grants, is recognised when the charity has entitlement to the funds, any performance conditions attached to the grants have been met, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably and is not deferred.

Investment income is recognised on a receivable basis.

Income from charitable activities includes income recognised as earned (as the related goods or services are provided) under contract.

Expenditure

Liabilities are recognised as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to the expenditure ~~.~~ All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all costs related to the category.

Costs of generating funds are the costs of trading for fundraising purposes ~~.~~

Support costs

Support costs include central functions and have been allocated to activity cost categories on a basis consistent with the use of resources, for example, allocating property costs by floor areas, or per capita, staff costs by the time spent and other costs by their usage ~~.~~

Taxation

The Charity is considered to pass the tests set out in Paragraph 1 Schedule 6 of the Finance Act 2010 and therefore it meets the definition of a charitable company for UK corporation tax purposes ~~.~~ Accordingly, the Charity is potentially exempt from taxation in respect of income or capital gains received within categories covered by Chapter 3 Part 11 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 or Section 256 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992, to the extent that such income or gains are applied exclusively to charitable purposes.

Fixed assets

Individual fixed assets costing £100 or more are initially recorded at cost.

Depreciation

Depreciation is provided on tangible fixed assets so as to write off the cost or valuation, less any estimated residual value, over their expected useful economic life as follows:

Fixtures, fittings and equipment 25% straight line basis

Trade Debtors

Trade debtors are amounts due from customers for merchandise sold or services performed in the ordinary course of business ~~.~~ Trade debtors are recognised initially at the transaction price ~~.~~ They are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment. A provision for the impairment of trade debtors is established when there is objective evidence that the Charity will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables ~~.~~

Page 23

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

wees. CONtiNUEA

Cash and Cash Equivalents.

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and call deposits, and other shor ~~t-~~ term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value ~~.~~

Liabilities

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers ~~.~~ Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if the Charity does not have an unconditional right, at the end of the reporting period, to defer settlement of the creditor for at least twelve months after the reporting date. If there is an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting date, they are presented as non ~~-c~~ urrent liabilities ~~.~~

Trade creditors are recognised initially at the transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Operating leases

Leases in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases ~~.~~ Rentals payable under operating leases are charged in the Statement of Financial Activities on a straight line basis over the lease term ~~.~~

Pensions

The charity operates a defined contribution pension scheme ~~.~~ Contributions are charged in the statement of financial activities as they become payable in accordance with the rules of the scheme ~~.~~

Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the charity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument ~~.~~ Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into ~~.~~ An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Charity after deducting all of its liabilities.

All financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at transaction price (including transaction costs), except for those financial assets classified as at fair value through profit or loss, which are initially measured at fair value (which is normally the transaction price excluding transaction costs), unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction. If an arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, the financial asset or financial liability is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument ~~.~~

Financial assets and liabilities are only offset in the statement of financial position when, and only when there exists a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and the Charity intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Financial assets are derecognised when and only when a) the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or are settled, b) the Charity transfers to another party substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, or c) the Charity, despite having retained some, but not all, significant risks and rewards of ownership, has transferred control of the asset to another party ~~.~~

Financial liabilities are derecognised only when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires.

Page 24

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

veseeee. CONtiINUEA

2 Donations and legacies

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----- Start of picture text -----
||||||||||| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |Unrestricted|Restricted|Total|Funds|Total|Funds| |Funds|Funds|2025|2024| |£|£|£|£| |Donations|and|legacies| |Appeals|and|donations|3,181|-|3,181|1,080| |Grants| |Francis|C|Scott|Charitable|Trust|-|17,300|17,300|17,300| |E|C|Graham|Cumbrian|Charitable|Trust|17,000|-|17,000|17,000| |Cumbria|Community|Foundation|-|15,000|15,000|15,000| |Awards4All|-|20,000|20,000|-| |Frieda|Scott|Charitable|Trust|-|15,433|15,433|-| |Henry|Smith|-|65,800|65,800|65,700| |Hadfield|Trust|-|-|-|2,000| |Screwfix|-|-|-|3,000| |Postcode|Neighbourhood|Trust|-|-|-|25,000| |17,000|133,533|150,533|145,000| |20,181|133,533|153,714|146,080|

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Of the donations and legacies income in 2024, £43,080 related to unrestricted funds and £103,000 related to restricted funds.

3 Investments

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||||||||||| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |Unrestricted|Restricted|Total|Funds|Total|Funds| |Funds|Funds|2025|2024| |£|£|£|£| |Interest|on|cash|deposits|1,980|-|1,980|1,260| |of the the|investments|income|in|2024|related|to|unrestricted|funds|.| |Charitable|activities| |Unrestricted|Restricted|Total|Funds|Total|Funds| |Funds|Funds|2025|2024| |£|£|£|£| |Cumberland|Council|84,000|-|84,000|85,250|

----- End of picture text -----

All of the the investments income in 2024 related to unrestricted funds ~~.~~

4 Charitable activities

All of the income from charitable activities in 2024 related to unrestricted funds ~~.~~

Page 25

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

wees. CONtiNUEA

5 Other income

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----- Start of picture text -----
|||||||||||| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |Unrestricted|Restricted|Total|Funds|Total|Funds| |Funds|Funds|2025|2024| |£|£|£|£| |Donated|assets|for|use|by|the|charity|800|-|800|-| |6|Expenditure| |Therapeutic| |and|Fundraising|Total|Total| |educational|costs|2025|2024| |activities| |£|£|£|£| |Direct|costs| |Fundraising|costs|-|813|813|-| |Charity|activity|and|resources|costs|2,497|-|2,497|3,331| |Wages|and|salaries|172,138|-|172,138|129,471| |Employment|costs|14,264|-|14,264|8,632| |Rent|6,000|-|6,000|6,000| |Light,|heat|and|power|3,341|-|3,341|1,803| |Insurance|4,231|-|4,231|4,379| |Repairs|and|maintenance|1,507|-|1,507|5,036| |IT|Support|5,577|-|5,577|5,628| |Telephone|and|fax|139|-|139|703| |Office|expenses|2,885|-|2,885|1,382| |Supervision|3,463|-|3,463|2,471| |Printing,|postage|and|stationery|349|-|349|221| |Equine|costs|-|-|-|1,560| |Sundry|expenses|470|-|470|700| |Travel|and|subsistence|89|-|89|319| |Bank|charges|253|-|253|102| |Depreciation|of|plant|and|machinery|899|-|899|685| |218,102|813|218,915|172,423| |Support|costs| |Staff|training|1,911|-|1,911|444| |Accountancy|fees|1,546|-|1,546|1,696| |Independent|examiner's|fee|660|-|660|660| |Legal|and|professional|fees|341|-|341|1,695| |Payroll|costs|987|-|987|953| |5,445|-|5,445|5,448| |223,547|813|224,360|177,871|

----- End of picture text -----

Of the expenditure in 2024, £117,401 related to unrestricted funds and £60,470 related to restricted funds.

Page 26

Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

wees. CONtiNUEA

7 Governance costs

2025 2025 2024 2024
£ £
Accountancy fees 1,546 1,696
Independent examiner's fee 660 660
Payroll costs 987 953
Legal and professional fees 341 1,695
3,534 5,004

8 Trustees’ remuneration and expenses

No trustees received any reimbursements or expenses during the year ~~.~~

9 Net income

Net income is stated after charging:

2025 2024
£ £
Depreciation oftangible fixed assets 899 685
Accountancy fees 1,546 1,696
Independent examiner'sfee 660 660

10 Employees’ remuneration

The monthly average number of persons (including senior management) employed by the charity during the year was as follows:

2025 2024
No~~.~~ No~~.~~
Charitable activities
8
The aggregate payroll costs ofthese personswere as follows:		 6
2025 2024
£ £
Wagesand salaries 172,138 129,471
Social security 9,968 5,835
Other pension costs ~~4,296~~ ~~2,797~~
186,402 138,103

No employee received emoluments of more than £60,000 during the year ~~.~~

The key management personnel comprise the Trustees and the Charity Director. The total employee benefits of the key management personnel of the Charity were £26,754 (2014 ~~-~~ £37,686) ~~.~~

Page 27

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Promoting Autonomy and Change Ltd

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2025

wees CONtiNUCA

17 Related parties

Controlling entity

The charity is controlled by the trustees who are all directors of the company ~~.~~

18 Analysis of funds

At1 April
Incoming		 Resources At 31 March
2024
resources		 expended 2025
£
£		 £ £
Designated Funds
Designated fund 50,000
~~-~~		 ~~-~~ 50,000
General Funds
Unrestricted income fund 56,562
106,961		 (108,332) 55,191
Restricted Funds
Francis C Scott Charitable Trust
9,847
17,300		 (17,143) 10,004
Cumbria Community Foundation
7,739
15,000		 (14,857) 7,882
Awards4 All -
20,000		 (6,100) 13,900
Frieda Scott Trust 3,658
15,433		 (14,456) 4,635
The Henry Smith Trust 44,226
65,800		 (63,472) 46,554
65,470
133,533		 (116,028) 82,975
172,032
240,494		 (224,360) 188,166

An amount of £50,000 has been set aside by the Trustees as a charity reserve to cover charity and staff costs as necessary should we find ourselves in a position whereby we are unable to source funding.

The charity received £84,000 from Cumberland Council to deliver its Targeted Therapeutic Services contract.

The charity received £17,000 from E C Graham which can be used towards overall charity costs ~~.~~

The charity received £1,000 from the Tesco Stronger Starts scheme which was used for art and music therapy equipment ~~.~~

The charity received £17,300 from Francis C Scott Charitable Trust, this is year two of a two year grant ~~.~~ This supports Art Therapy and Clinical Lead hours ~~.~~

The charity received £15,000 from Cumbria Community Foundation to fund salary and associated costs for a Music Therapist and Art Therapist.

The charity received funds of £20,000 from The National Lottery Community Fund through their Awards for All grant scheme ~~.~~ This is for a two ~~-~~ year project. It funds project and salary costs to develop a Young Person's Steering Group.

The charity received funds of £15,433 from the Frieda Scott Trust ~~.~~ This funds salary and associated costs to provide therapy specifically for children and young people aged 7 ~~-~~ 19 living in Eden.

The charity received £65,800 from The Henry Smith Trust ~~.~~ This was year two of a three ~~-~~ year grant. It funds salary and associated costs for Music and Art Therapy as well as the Operations Manager role ~~.~~

Page 30

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