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2021-03-31-accounts

Registered number: 01212455 Charity number: 508301

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

UNAUDITED

TRUSTEES' REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

CONTENTS

Page
Reference and administrative details of the Charity, its Trustees and advisers 1
Trustees' report 2 - 8
Independent examiner's report 9 - 10
Statement of financial activities 11
Balance sheet 12 - 13
Statement of cash flows 14
Notes to the financial statements 15 - 31

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED (A company limited by guarantee)

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS OF THE CHARITY, ITS TRUSTEES AND ADVISERS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Trustees J Davies
D Morgan
C Musson
P Loveluck (resigned 10 March 2021)
S Rees, Chair
E Bredsdorff
F Gale
J Davenport
H Merchant
K Longley (appointed 22 October 2020)
Company registered
number 01212455
Charity registered
number 508301
Registered office The Offices
Coed-Y-Dinas
Welshpool
Wales
SY21 8RP
Chief executive officer Dr Paul Belford BSc MA PhD FSA MCIfA
Accountants WR Partners
Chartered Accountants
Belmont House
Shrewsbury Business Park
Shrewsbury
Shropshire
SY2 6LG
Senior management Paul Belford - Director
team Chris Martin - Regional Archaeologist
Nigel Jones - Principal Archaeologist
Clare Beaumont - Head of Finance & Administration

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

The Trustees present their annual report together with the financial statements of the Charity for the year 1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021. The Annual report serves the purposes of both a Trustees' report and a directors' report under company law. The Trustees confirm that the Annual report and financial statements of the charitable company comply with the current statutory requirements, the requirements of the charitable company's governing document and the provisions of the Statement of Recommended Practice (SORP) applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS102) (effective 1 January 2019).

Since the Charity qualifies as small under section 382 of the Companies Act 2006, the Strategic report required of medium and large companies under the Companies Act 2006 (Strategic Report and Directors' Report) Regulations 2013 has been omitted.

Overall 2020-21 was a challenging year, dominated as it was by the Covid-19 pandemic. This affected all operations undertaken by the Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust (CPAT), and it is to the credit of all staff that the Trust was able to maintain its essential shape, function and activities throughout the year.

Objectives and activities

a. Strategy, policies and objectives

The charitable object of the Trust as set out in its Memorandum of Association is the education of the public in archaeology in Wales and England. Its historic core of activity is in mid and north-east Wales, within the modern counties of Powys, Denbighshire, Flintshire, Wrexham and the eastern part of Conwy. Between the 1974 and 1996 re-organisations of local government in Wales this area was known as Clwyd and Powys, hence

The Trust also carries out project work in adjacent counties in England and Wales, and when commensurate with the objectives of the Trust, further afield. The Trust is one of the four Archaeological Trusts in Wales which work closely with national, regional and local bodies to help record, research, interpret and protect all aspects of the historic environment, for the benefit of the public. In February 2019 Trustees adopted a five-year Strategy, which is underpinned by a more detailed two-year development plan. The Strategy comprises a vision which delivers a number of aims. The Strategy is driven by the core values of CPAT, which is dedicated to:

The vision is expressed in five themes, each of which has three aims. These aims will be delivered by targets that are set out in the two-year development plans.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Objectives and activities (continued)

Maintain the highest ethical and professional standards Build outreach and engagement into everything we do Deliver high-level research and academic output

In setting objectives and planning for activities, the Trustees have given due consideration to general guidance published by the Charity Commission relating to public benefit, including the guidance 'Public benefit: running a charity (PB2)'.

b. Activities undertaken to achieve objectives

The Trust undertakes the following principal activities in support of its objectives:

The Trust is committed to delivering public benefit through its activities, and s publicly-funded work in Wales is closely aligned to the goals in the Well-being of Future Generations Act 2015. The Trust is particularly keen to develop ways of enabling audiences who do not normally engage with heritage to be able to do so. The Trustees are mindful of the fact that CPAT relies on public funding for around 50% of its income, and for this reason diversifying income sources is a key part of the Strategy noted above. Unfortunately the circumstances of the Covid-19 pandemic meant that there was greater reliance on government funding in 2020-21 than hitherto, notably through the Welsh Gov s Cultural Recovery Fund, which was enormously helpful and without which serious structural changes would have been required.

The Trust makes use of a volunteers in a wide range of its activities, and has policies and procedures in place to safeguard volunteers, staff and members of the public.

CPAT is not a grant-giving body.

CPAT is a Registered Organisation (RO) with the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA). This status is renewable every three years following a successful inspection; registration was confirmed in early 2019 for the next three years. As a result of Covid-19 the CIfA inspection regime has been delayed, and so RO inspection is not now expected until mid-2022. CIfA accreditation is an independent recognition that the Trust and its staff abide by a Code of Conduct and ethical principles to support and maintain archaeological standards.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Achievements and performance

a. Key performance indicators

In 2020-21 the Clwyd Powys Archaeological Trust received an income of £652,414. Of this, £464,608 or 71%, was from grants, and £187,491, or 29%, was from commercial contracts. The remaining income of £315 was from sales, fundraising and investments. During the year the Trust incurred expenditure of £574,211. The Trust therefore made a surplus of £78,203.

b. Review of activities

The financial year 2020-21 was overshadowed by the Covid-19 pandemic. This saw a complete shut-down of all non-essential fieldwork for the first six months of the year. Nevertheless planning, heritage management and other advisory service casework continued at normal levels, and the field services team were kept busy with a series of essential infrastructure projects notably infrastructure associated with offshore wind energy in north Wales.

Historic environment advisory services

These projects are funded by Cadw and local authorities across the Clwyd-Powys region, with additional funding from other public bodies (for example Natural Resources Wales) for particular project elements. Whilst planning services and the Historic Environment Record have continued to be delivered in the same manner as previous years, uncertainty over the current and future position of agri-environment schemes has resulted in a much morei nconsistent pattern of work in this area for the heritage management team.

Planning services. This year 3,088 applications were checked against the regional Historic Environment Record; 410 of these were scrutinised in detail, and 187 were found to have archaeological implications for which work was required to safeguard the historic environment and the well-being of future generations through heritage protection. This is about the same level as the previous year, with a slightly higher figure of applications requiring archaeological work.

Heritage management. This project provides information, advice and recommendations to landowners, farmers, land managers, environmental organisations, utility companies, developers, local authorities, local and national organisations involved in managing the landscape and members of the general public, on the archaeology, history and all other aspects of the historic environment seeking to ensure the effective management of the cultural heritage throughout the Clwyd Powys area, and working on the interpretation and conservation of sites of archaeological or historical interest across the region. It co-ordinates and administers the work of s Historic Environment Record and Planning Services sections and works closely with the Welsh Government and Cadw to provide advice and recommendations for the historic environment within agrienvironment schemes. The s work under the Portable Antiquities Scheme is also carried out under this project.

The Historic Environment Record (HER) maintains digital and non-digital records of all known archaeological and historic sites in the Clwyd-Powys area, using the web based HEROS computer database and mapping system. These records are supported by collections of archives, paper records and maps, land and building survey records, and an extensive collection of aerial and terrestrial photographs. The record is continually updated as new information becomes available. This resource is utilized by all parts of CPAT and made available to all through the Archwilio website. In 2020-21 a total of 31,230 new core records and 254 new event records were added to the HER. An additional 4,095 records were made which linked core and event records; and a further 51,100 records were updated. The Clwyd-Powys HER now contains 133,250 records.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Achievements and performance (continued)

Public engagement and participation

The public engagement and participation project provides a dedicated team which delivers community-focused archaeology initiatives across the Clwyd-Powys region. Some of these are developed as part of other projects, others are stand-alone activities.

Unfortunately the Covid-19 pandemic meant that the anticipated range of outreach projects and activities which has been linked to the Welsh Gov s r of the Outdoors were not able to be delivered as originally envisaged. Indeed the Outreach and Education team were furloughed for much of the first part of the year. Despite this it is to the credit of the outreach team that a flexible and imaginative approach was taken which meant that a wide range of virtual activities were delivered across the year.

A brief flurry of community-based fieldwork was delivered during the third quarter as lockdown restrictions eased. This included projects at Bailey Hill (Mold), Ewloe Castle (Flintshire), and Chirk (Wrexham) all of which were community focused or involved significant input from local groups. Most other fieldwork was commercially sensitive and not suitable for community engagement, and so the outreach offer focussed on delivery of the Winter Lectures. This year saw a significant effort put into social media output as well, incorporating extended use of YouTube. The latter end of the year saw the department begin to work closely with the CBA as it developed research projects relating to the Young Archaeologists Club and the role of community archaeology in Wales.

The Education and Outreach team benefitted from the generosity of the Welsh Gov s Cultural Recovery Fund, which helped provide equipment and training to facilitate remote working and the delivery of training and upskilling both for staff and volunteers.

Understanding and protecting heritage at risk

The projects described here represent of a long-term contribution by the Welsh Archaeological Trusts to enhance understanding of the significance and vulnerability of the rich archaeological heritage of Wales. They provide a range of positive outcomes for Welsh Government, enabling Cadw to give informed advice to Ministers and to direct resources most effectively for the protection of the historic environment.

Inevitably the Covid-19 pandemic meant that much of the original programme of projects and activities was curtailed. Cadw were enormously supportive and flexible in their approach, and during the first few months of the year facilitated a series of pan-Wales meetings to try and develop new approaches and new projects to deliver most of the original objectives.

Farms and Farmsteads. 2020-21 saw the conclusion of the baseline data gathering, which focussed on Breconshire. The following year is expected to conclude the data gathering element of this project, with publication to follow in 2022 or 2023.

Hillforts. Excavations at Beacon Ring took place in August 2020. The focus of attention was the mound in the centre of the site. Despite suggestions that this had been a Bronze Age burial chamber, no evidence of prehistoric activity was recovered. Instead an early Ordnance Survey benchmark was found. This generated a short article in Current Archaeology. A full publication is in preparation for 2021-22.

Chirk Castle. Excavations took place in November and December 2020, exploring the post-medieval buildings adjacent to the main entrance to the castle. These appeared to comprise a series of workshops and associated buildings. With careful management of social distancing it was possible to work with local volunteers on this project, which is jointly funded by Cadw, the National Trust and the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley AONB.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Achievements and performance (continued)

Strata Marcella. Excavation of cropmarks revealed by aerial photography found that as suspected there was a monastic cemetery to the east of the main complex. This will be published in Archaeologia Cambrensis in the coming year.

Water supply infrastructure. This desk-based assessment of reservoirs and associated infrastructure was completed in the third and fourth quarters of the year.

Climate Change. A pilot project looking at the impact of climate change and climate change mitigation on rivers and their catchments was completed.

Historic Settlements. A review of development-driven archaeological work in historic settlements since 1996 was completed. This looked at the processes involved in delivering planning outcomes, as well as the archaeological results that the work generated. A summary will be published in Medieval Settlement Research later in 2021.

Commercial operations

In addition to the Cadw-funded work programme the Trust earned over £179,035 from commercial projects. Following the trend in recent years these are roughly equally split between sites in Wales and England. This is the result of a deliberate policy of proactively seeking work in neighbouring parts of the UK, and shifting the emphasis towards the development of new networks of clients. This provides greater security for the Trust, as the market for commercial archaeology in Wales and especially in the Clwyd-Powys region, which is one of the least populated parts of the UK is limited and fragmented with many smaller service providers competing with the Welsh Archaeological Trusts.

Financial review

a. Going concern

Assuming the continuation of Cadw financial support, the Trustees consider that the Charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason they continue to adop tthe going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. Further details regarding the adoption of the going concern basis can be found in the Accounting Policies.

b. Reserves policy

A review has been undertaken of the Trust's Reserves Policy which identified the major uninsured financial risks which might jeopardise the work of the Trust. The Trustees will continue to build up a Contingency Reserve to over 6 months operating costs and other unforeseen liabilities. The general reserves (excluding the pension fund) remain adequate. Total funds held at 31 March 2021 were £365,622 (2020: £287,419), of which £85,703 were restricted (2020: £33,419). Free reserves amounted to £217,262 (2020: £191,309).

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

c. Principal risks and uncertainties

The principal risks to the Trust are the potential liabilities of the pension scheme, a reduction in Welsh Government grant aid in future years, and a diminution of development - led work due to a slow-down in economic activity. In the longer term there may be legislative changes to the planning system in Wales which will follow changes in England. The Charity has been hugely impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic; however this impact has been significantly mitigated in 2020-21 by the generosity of the Welsh Gov s Cultural Recovery Fund, which supported the Trust to a total of £111,380 in 2020-21. The Trustees have assessed the potential impact on the future operations of the charity, taking into account its underlying financial resource and strength. They have taken proactive steps to manage the financial consequences. The Trustees consider the charity to be well positioned to manage the current situation and secure operations into the future, although its fortunes will continue to be tied to those of the other Welsh Archaeological Trusts.

d. Investment policy and performance

Investments, made up of cash reserves, are divided equally between three funds; a return of £315 was made on investments in 2021 (2020 £1,921).

Structure, governance and management

a. Constitution

The Charity is registered as a charitable company limited by guarantee. The Charity is constituted under a Trust deed and is a registered charity number 508301. The principal object of the Charity as set out in its Memorandum of Association is the education of the public in archaeology. Trustees have periodically reviewed governance arrangements and structures. Serious consideration has been given to restructuring the operations of the Trust to more formally separate the HER Charitable Trust and the commercial project operations into subsidiary bodies. Such a move has been agreed in principle, but this has not been undertaken yet as there is an ongoing need to consult with the other Welsh Archaeological Trusts.

b. Methods of appointment or election of Trustees

The management of the Charity is the responsibility of the Trustees who are elected and co-opted under the terms of the Trust deed.

c. Organisational structure and decision-making policies

The day-to-day management of the organisation is entrusted to a Senior Management Team comprising of the Trust Director, Principal Archaeologist, Head of Curatorial Services, Head of Education and Outreach, and Head of Finance and Administration. This structure was introduced from 2013 as part of a wider review of the Trust's Strategy and future development.

d. Policies adopted for the induction and training of Trustees

Trustees are elected by members of the Trust. The rights, duties and responsibilities of Trustees and the issue of induction training for Trustees are set out in the Trust's Memorandum of Trustees' Responsibilities and Duties.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Statement of Trustees' responsibilities

The Trustees (who are also the directors of the Charity for the purposes of company law) are responsible for preparing the Trustees' report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

Company law requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under company law, the Trustees must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Charity and of its incoming resources and application of resources, including its income and expenditure, for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Trustees are required to:

The Trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Charity's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Charity and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Approved by order of the members of the board of Trustees and signed on their behalf by:

S Rees

Chair D ate: 20 December 2021

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED (A company limited by guarantee)

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Independent Examiner's Report to the Trustees of Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust Limited ('the Charity')

I report to the charity Trustees on my examination of the accounts of the Charity for the year ended 31 March 2021.

Responsibilities and Basis of Report

As the Trustees of the Charity (and its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 ('the 2006 Act').

Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the Charity are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of the Charity's accounts carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 ('the 2011 Act'). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED (A company limited by guarantee)

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Independent Examiner's Statement

Since the Charity's gross income exceeded £250,000 your examiner must be a member of a body listed in section 145 of the 2011 Act. I confirm that I am qualified to undertake the examination because I am a member of The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, which is one of the listed bodies.

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe:

  1. accounting records were not kept in respect of the Charity as required by section 386 of the 2006 Act; or

  2. the accounts do not accord with those records; or

  3. the accounts do not comply with the accounting requirements of section 396 of the 2006 Act other than any requirement that the accounts give a 'true and fair' view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or

  4. the accounts have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities [applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)].

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

This report is made solely to the Charity's Trustees, as a body, in accordance with Part 4 of the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008. My work has been undertaken so that I might state to the Charity's Trustees those matters I am required to state to them in an Independent examiner's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, I do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Charity and the Charity's Trustees as a body, for my work or for this report.

Signed: Dated:

S J Tweedie BSc FCA DChA

WR Partners Chartered Accountants Belmont House Shrewsbury Business Park Shrewsbury Shropshire SY2 6LG

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES (INCORPORATING INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Note
Income from:
Donations and legacies
4
Other trading activities
5
Investments
6
Total income
Expenditure on:
Charitable activities
7
Other expenditure
Total expenditure
Net income
Transfers between funds
15
Net movement in funds
Reconciliation of funds:
Total funds brought forward
Net movement in funds
Total funds carried forward
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
21,781
179,181
315
201,277
181,540
(7,050)
174,490
26,787
3,639
30,426
249,493
30,426
279,919
Restricted
funds
2021
£
442,827
8,310
-
451,137
399,721
-
399,721
51,416
(3,639)
47,777
37,926
47,777
85,703
Total
funds
2021
£
464,608
187,491
315
652,414
581,261
(7,050)
574,211
78,203
-
78,203
287,419
78,203
365,622
Total
funds
2020
£
331,650
272,962
1,921
606,533
600,960
(14,284)
586,676
19,857
-
19,857
267,562
19,857
287,419

The Statement of Financial Activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year.

The notes on pages 15 to 31 form part of these financial statements.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee) REGISTERED NUMBER: 01212455

BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 MARCH 2021

Note
Fixed assets
Tangible assets
11
Current assets
Debtors
12
Cash at bank and in hand
18
Creditors: amounts falling due within one
year
13
Net current assets
Total assets less current liabilities
Provisions for liabilities
14
Total net assets
89,831
568,627
2021
£
62,657
197,798
380,367
2020
£
58,184
62,657
573,751
58,184
507,071
658,458
(84,707)
578,165
(71,094)
636,408
(270,786)
365,622
565,255
(277,836)
287,419

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED (A company limited by guarantee) REGISTERED NUMBER: 01212455

BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED) AS AT 31 MARCH 2021

Charity funds
Note
Restricted funds
15
Unrestricted funds
15
Total funds
2021
£
85,703
279,919
365,622
2020
£
37,926
249,493
287,419

The Charity was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006.

The members have not required the company to obtain an audit for the year in question in accordance with section 476 of Companies Act 2006.

The Trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Act with respect to accounting records and preparation of financial statements.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to entities subject to the small companies regime.

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Trustees and signed on their behalf by:

Dr Sian E Rees (Chair of Trustees) Date: 20 December 2021

The notes on pages 15 to 31 form part of these financial statements.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Cash flows from operating activities
Net cash used in operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from the sale of tangible fixed assets
Net cash used in investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities
Change in cash and cash equivalents in the year
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year
The notes on pages 15 to 31 form part of these financial statements
2021
£
201,320
(13,060)
(13,060)
-
188,260
380,367
568,627
2020
£
(49,539)
(17,801)
(17,801)
-
(67,340)
447,707
380,367

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

1. General information

Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust Limited is a private limited company, limited by guarantee, incorporated in England and Wales, with its registered office and principal place of business at The Offices, Coed-Y-Dinas, Welshpool, Wales, SY21 8RP.

2. Accounting policies

2.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) - Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006.

Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust Limited meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102. Assets and liabilities are initially recognised at historical cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant accounting policy.

2.2 Company status

The Charity is a company limited by guarantee. The members of the Charity are the Trustees named on page 1. In the event of the Charity being wound up, the liability in respect of the guarantee is limited to £1 per member of the Charity.

2.3 Going concern

The Charity has net current assets of £573,751 (2020: £507,071) and the Trustees are confident that it can meet its liabilities as they fall due for the foreseeable future. The going concern basis is therefore considered appropriate.

The Trustees have considered the going concern basis of the financial statements preparation which includes consideration of the impact of the ongoing Coronavirus (COVID-19) global pandemic, and are satisfied that the Charity is well placed to manage the financial impacts of the pandemic assuming continuation of Cadw financial support.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

2. Accounting policies (continued)

2.4 Income

All income is recognised once the Charity has entitlement to the income, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount of income receivable can be measured reliably.

Grants are included in the Statement of Financial Activities on a receivable basis. The balance of income received for specific purposes but not expended during the period is shown in the relevant funds on the Balance Sheet. Where income is received in advance of entitlement of receipt, its recognition is deferred and included in creditors as deferred income. Where entitlement occurs before income is received, the income is accrued.

Donated services or facilities are recognised when the Charity has control over the item, any conditions associated with the donated item have been met, the receipt of economic benefit from the use of the Charity of the item is probable and that economic benefit can be measured reliably.

On receipt, donated professional services and facilities are recognised on the basis of the value of the gift to the Charity which is the amount it would have been willing to pay to obtain services or facilities of equivalent economic benefit on the open market; a corresponding amount is then recognised in expenditure in the period of receipt.

Income tax recoverable in relation to donations received under Gift Aid or deeds of covenant is

recognised at the time of the donation.

Income tax recoverable in relation to investment income is recognised at the time the investment income is receivable.

2.5 Expenditure

Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure is classified by activity. The costs of each activity are made up of the total of direct costs and shared costs, including support costs involved in undertaking each activity. Direct costs attributable to a single activity are allocated directly to that activity. Shared costs which contribute to more than one activity and support costs which are not attributable to a single activity are apportioned between those activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. Central staff costs are allocated on the basis of time spent, and depreciation charges

Support costs are those costs incurred directly in support of expenditure on the objects of the Charity and include project management carried out at Headquarters. Governance costs are those incurred in connection with administration of the Charity and compliance with constitutional and statutory requirements.

Expenditure on charitable activities is incurred on directly undertaking the activities which further the Charity's objectives, as well as any associated support costs.

Charitable activities and Governance costs are costs incurred on the Charity's operations, including support costs and costs relating to the governance of the Charity apportioned to charitable activities.

Expenditure on charitable activities is incurred on directly undertaking the activities which further the Charity's objectives, as well as any associated support costs.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

2. Accounting policies (continued)

2.6 Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

Tangible fixed assets costing £NIL or more are capitalised and recognised when future economic benefits are probable and the cost or value of the asset can be measured reliably.

Tangible fixed assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model, tangible fixed assets are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. All costs incurred to bring a tangible fixed asset into its intended working condition should be included in the measurement of cost.

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of tangible fixed assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Land - Not depreciated
Plant and machinery - 15% straight line
Motor vehicles - 25% straight line
Fixtures and fittings - 15% straight line
Office equipment - 33% straight line

2.7 Debtors

Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid.

2.8 Cash at bank and in hand

Cash at bank and in hand includes cash and short-term highly liquid investments with a short maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition or opening of the deposit or similar account.

2.9 Liabilities

Liabilities and provisions are recognised when there is an obligation at the Balance sheet date as a result of a past event, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefit will be required in settlement, and the amount of the settlement can be estimated reliably.

Liabilities are recognised at the amount that the Charity anticipates it will pay to settle the debt or the amount it has received as advanced payments for the goods or services it must provide.

Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amounts required to settle the obligation. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the provision is based on the present value of those amounts, discounted at the pre-tax discount rate that reflects the risks specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised in the Statement of financial activities as a finance cost.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

2. Accounting policies (continued)

2.10 Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Charity has an obligation at the reporting date as a result of a past event which it is probable will result in the transfer of economic benefits and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amounts required to settle the obligation. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the provision is based on the present value of those amounts, discounted at the pre-tax discount rate that reflects the risks specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised within interest payable and similar charges.

2.11 Financial instruments

The Charity only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial instruments. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently measured at their settlement value with the exception of bank loans which are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

2.12 Pensions

The Charity makes contributions to a closed benefit pension scheme.

The scheme is a multi-employer scheme where it is not possible, in the normal course of events, to identify on a consistent and reasonable basis, the share of underlying assets and liabilities belonging to individual participating employers. Therefore, as required by FRS102 'Retirement benefits', the Charity accounts for this scheme as if it was a defined contribution scheme. The amount charged to the Statement of Financial Activities represents contributions payable to the scheme in respect of the accounting period together with the movement on the provision referred to below.

The scheme is in deficit and the charity is making additional deficit payments. Under the SORP a provision is required based upon these deficit payments.

The Charity also operates a defined contribution plan. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Charity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Charity has no further payment obligations.

2.13 Fund accounting

General funds are unrestricted funds which are available for use at the discretion of the Trustees in furtherance of the general objectives of the Charity and which have not been designated for other purposes.

Restricted funds are funds which are to be used in accordance with specific restrictions imposed by donors or which have been raised by the Charity for particular purposes. The costs of raising and administering such funds are charged against the specific fund. The aim and use of each restricted fund is set out in the notes to the financial statements.

Investment income, gains and losses are allocated to the appropriate fund.

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

3. Critical accounting estimates and areas of judgment

Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Critical accounting estimates and assumptions:

The Charity makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates and assumptions will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

Critical areas of judgment:

The pension provision has been calculated by projecting the known deficit payments to 2031, inflating by 3% as per the agreement and then discounting the liability using the 15 year market rate on corporate bonds.

4. Income from donations and legacies

Grants
Cadw: Welsh Archaeological Trust
NGO
National Museum Wales
National Resources Wales
Job Retention Scheme
Culture Recovery Fund
Subtotal detailed disclosure
Total 2021
Total 2020
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
-
-
-
-
21,781
-
21,781
21,781
-
Restricted
funds
2021
£
317,164
9,325
558
4,400
-
111,380
442,827
442,827
331,650
Total
funds
2021
£
317,164
9,325
558
4,400
21,781
111,380
464,608
464,608
331,650
Total
funds
2020
£
324,000
-
3,250
4,400
-
-
331,650
331,650

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

5. Income from other trading activities

Income from fundraising events

Contract awards
Sales & fundraising
Glastir
Total 2021
Total 2020
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
179,035
146
-
179,181
272,962
Restricted
funds
2021
£
-
-
8,310
8,310
-
Total
funds
2021
£
179,035
146
8,310
187,491
272,962
Total
funds
2020
£
271,680
1,282
-
272,962

6. Investment income

Investment income
Total 2020
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
315
1,921
Total
funds
2021
£
315
1,921
Total
funds
2020
£
1,921

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

7. Analysis of expenditure by activities

Support costs
Direct costs
Total 2021
Total 2020
Activities
undertaken
directly
2021
£
-
538,265
538,265
549,348
Support
costs
2021
£
42,996
-
42,996
51,612
Total
funds
2021
£
42,996
538,265
581,261
600,960
Total
funds
2020
£
51,612
549,348
600,960

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

7. Analysis of expenditure by activities (continued)

Analysis of direct costs

Staff costs
Fieldwork consumables
Archaeology specialist fees
Archaeology excavation fees
Travel costs
Subsistence
Office equipment and consumables
Fees & membership
Outreach equipment and consumables
Translation
Library
Archaeology equipment hire
Copy charges
Office consumables
Insurance
Vehicle hire
Postage & carriage
Staff clothing
IT support fees
Donations
Unloved heritge consumables
Telephone charges
Vehicle lease
Recruitment expenses
Mobile charges
CRF expenditure
Total 2021
Total 2020
Activities
2021
£
442,089
11,633
6,618
4,600
6,743
-
2,834
12,302
5,385
5,484
198
2,676
277
743
2,280
-
-
466
16,827
28
3,527
-
-
175
2,815
10,565
538,265
549,348
Total
funds
2021
£
442,089
11,633
6,618
4,600
6,743
-
2,834
12,302
5,385
5,484
198
2,676
277
743
2,280
-
-
466
16,827
28
3,527
-
-
175
2,815
10,565
538,265
549,348
Total
funds
2020
£
428,440
4,383
35,588
12,068
11,921
2,043
2,834
17,714
1,150
818
141
3,353
1,007
1,089
5,256
2,110
457
1,374
8,859
168
2,217
3,103
368
-
2,887
-
549,348

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

7. Analysis of expenditure by activities (continued)

Analysis of support costs

Professional fees
Rent & rates
Cleaning & other
Bank charges
Bad debts
Governance costs
Total 2021
Total 2020
Activities
2021
£
-
17,180
-
608
13,656
11,552
42,996
51,612
Total
funds
2021
£
-
17,180
-
608
13,656
11,552
42,996
51,612
Total
funds
2020
£
96
24,307
6,240
696
7,327
12,946
51,612

8. Independent examiner's remuneration

The independent examiner's remuneration amounts to an independent examiner fee of £2,675 ( 2020 - £2,500 ).

9. Staff costs

Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Contribution to defined contribution pension schemes
2021
£
351,527
29,500
54,012
435,039
2020
£
341,678
27,831
44,648
414,157

The average number of persons employed by the Charity during the year was as follows:

2021 2020
No. No.
Employees 15 15

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

9. Staff costs (continued)

No employee received remuneration amounting to more than £60,000 in either year.

Aggregate remuneration received by the key management team amounted to £157,098 (2020: £144,097).

10. Trustees' remuneration and expenses

During the year, no Trustees received any remuneration or other benefits (2020 - £NIL)

During the year ended 31 March 2021, no Trustee expenses have been incurred (2020 - £NIL) .

11. Tangible fixed assets

Cost or valuation
At 1 April 2020
Additions
At 31 March 2021
Depreciation
At 1 April 2020
Charge for the year
At 31 March 2021
Net book value
At 31 March 2021
At 31 March 2020
Freehold
property
£
38,000
-
38,000
-
-
-
38,000
38,000
Plant and
machinery
£
28,658
-
28,658
26,004
413
26,417
2,241
2,654
Motor
Fixtures
Office
vehicles and fittings
equipment
£
£
£
19,249
2,639
115,265
-
-
13,060
19,249
2,639
128,325
10,576
43
109,004
2,812
189
5,173
13,388
232
114,177
5,861
2,407
14,148
8,673
2,596
6,261
Total
£
203,811
13,060
216,871
145,627
8,587
154,214
62,657
58,184

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

12. Debtors

Due within one year
Trade debtors
Other debtors
Prepayments
2021
£
86,898
-
2,933
89,831
2020
£
197,298
500
-
197,798

13. Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

Trade creditors
Other taxation and social security
Accruals and deferred income
2021
£
17,557
51,983
15,167
84,707
2020
£
30,241
35,379
5,474
71,094

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

14. Provisions

At 1 April 2020
Amounts used
Pension
provision
£
277,836
(7,050)
270,786

Defined benefit pension provision

The charity operates a Defined benefit pension scheme in conjunction with 3 other archaeological trusts.

The charity is paying separately identifiable deficit payments and therefore under FRS102 and the 2019 SORP, it is possible to calculate a provision based on these deficit payments.

The most recent actuarial valuation was at 6 April 2018. The actuary has advised that using the current level of deficit payments, the deficit will be cleared by July 2031. The estimated share of the deficit for CPAT is 27.71%. The payment agreed in 2021 for the combined trusts was £105,753. To calculate the provision these payments have been inflated by 3% pa as per the agreement. The total liability has then been discounted using the 15 year market rate on corporate bonds of 2.03% (2020: 2.31%).

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

15. Statement of funds

Statement of funds - current year

Unrestricted funds
General Funds - all funds
Restricted funds
CBA Bursary
Cadw Grant Aid
Cadw Beacon Ring
Natural Resources Wales
Grant
National Museum Wales Grant
RVB Foundation Research
Grant
Glastir
NGO
Other Local Authorities Grant
Total of funds
Balance at 1
April 2020
£
249,493
Income
£
201,277
-
317,164
-
4,400
558
-
8,310
9,325
111,380
451,137
652,414
Expenditure
£
(174,490)
-
(318,725)
-
(8,663)
(558)
-
(2,102)
(1,182)
(68,491)
Transfers
in/out
£
3,639
-
-
-
-
-
-
(3,639)
-
-
Balance at
31 March
2021
£
279,919
3,504
1,389
2,757
12,681
-
14,340
-
8,143
42,889
3,504
2,950
2,757
16,944
-
14,340
(2,569)
-
-
37,926
287,419
(399,721)
(574,211)
(3,639)
-
85,703
365,622

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED (A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

15. Statement of funds (continued)

Restricted Funds

The CBA Bursary was given to CPAT to support the salary of a workplace training post in Community Archaeology in 2013-14 and 2014-15.

Cadw Grant Aid is grant funding from Welsh Government which is administered by Cadw. It consists of several different strands of funding. The main grant is awarded annually for CPAT to undertake projects which on behalf of Welsh Government for the public benefit. These include provision of planning advice to local authorities and other public bodies, the maintenance of the Historic Environment Record, provision of heritage management advice, outreach projects, and the protection and management of the historic environment. Other Cadw grant aid may be received under the North-East Wales Community Archaeology project, through Contingency Funding, and for other projects from time to time.

Cadw Beacon Ring is grant aid given to CPAT under a management agreement for the conservation of Beacon Ring hillfort, Powys. For environmental reasons it was not possible to undertake conservation work in 2019-20.

Natural Resources Wales Grant is funding given to CPAT to provide specific projects under the Memorandum of Understanding between the four Welsh Archaeological Trusts and NRW.

National Museum Wales grant is funding provided through Amgueddfa Cymru National Museum Wales to administer the Portable Antiquities Scheme in the Clwyd-Powys region.

The RVB Foundation Research Grant was provided by the Ruud van Biek Foundation from 2008-09 to assist in the purchase and conservation of the hillfort at Beacon Ring. The balance of the fund is earmarked for the removal of tree cover and the restoration of upland habitat; this work will be undertaken following completion of the current programme of archaeological research.

The Glastir project provides support for the Glastir all-Wales agri-environment scheme monitoring and evaluation programme which has run each year since 2013-14. CPAT monitors the condition of the historic environment in areas receiving Glastir support. Funding for the CPAT project comes from the ESNR-AFM-Agriculture, Sustainability and Development Division of Welsh Government.

NGO grants are from the Council for British Archaeology, they were to "Research voluntary and community heritage groups in Wales" and "The development of the Young Archaeologists Club network in Wales".

Other local authority grants are from Wales Cultural Recovery Fund to "Support CPAT with financial assistance as a result of the Covid-19 outbreak" and from Denbighshire County Council to "Support Community Outreach Projects at Chirk Castle".

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

15. Statement of funds (continued)

Statement of funds - prior year

Unrestricted funds
General Funds - all funds
Restricted funds
CBA Bursary
Cadw Grant Aid
Natural Resources Wales
Grant
PAS
RVB Foundation Research
Grant
Glastir
Cadw Beacon Ring
Total of funds
Balance at
1 April 2019
£
234,143
3,504
968
14,081
(68)
14,340
(2,163)
2,757
Income
£
274,883
-
324,000
4,400
3,250
-
-
-
331,650
331,650
Expenditure
£
(259,292)
-
(322,018)
(1,537)
(3,423)
-
(406)
-
(327,384)
(586,676)
Transfers
in/out
£
(241)
-
-
-
241
-
-
-
241
-
Balance at
31 March
2020
£
249,493
3,504
2,950
16,944
-
14,340
(2,569)
2,757
37,926
287,419
33,419
267,562

16. Analysis of net assets between funds

Analysis of net assets between funds - current year

Tangible fixed assets
Current assets
Creditors due within one year
Provisions for liabilities and charges
Total
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
62,657
572,755
(84,707)
(270,786)
279,919
Restricted
funds
2021
£
-
85,703
-
-
85,703
Total
funds
2021
£
62,657
658,458
(84,707)
(270,786)
365,622

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

16. Analysis of net assets between funds (continued)

Analysis of net assets between funds - prior year

Tangible fixed assets
Current assets
Creditors due within one year
Provisions for liabilities and charges
Unrestricted
funds
2020
£
58,184
540,240
(71,095)
(277,836)
249,493
Restricted
funds
2020
£
-
37,926
-
-
37,926
Total
funds
2020
£
58,184
578,166
(71,095)
(277,836)
287,419

Total

17. Reconciliation of net movement in funds to net cash flow from operating activities

Net income for the year (as per Statement of Financial Activities)
Adjustments for:
Depreciation charges
Decrease/(increase) in debtors
Increase in creditors
Movement in provisions
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities
18.
Analysis of cash and cash equivalents
Cash in hand
Total cash and cash equivalents
2021
£
78,203
2020
£
19,857
8,587
107,967
13,613
(7,050)
201,320
2021
£
568,627
568,627
8,376
(111,310)
47,822
(14,284)
(49,539)
2020
£
380,367
380,367

CLWYD-POWYS ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

19. Analysis of changes in net debt

Cash at bank and in hand At 1 April
2020
£
380,367
380,367
Cash flows
£
188,260
188,260
At 31 March
2021
£
568,627
568,627

20. Contingent liabilities

The charity is a member of the Archaeological Organisations Pensions Scheme together with Dyfed Archaeological Trust Limited, Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust Limited and Gwynedd Archaeological Trust Limited. Each of the Trusts is jointly and severally liable for the liabilities to the Scheme.

21. Related party transactions

The Charity has not entered into any related party transaction during the year, nor are there any outstanding balances owing between related parties and the Charity at 31 March 2021.