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2022-12-31-accounts

The Beagle Welfare Scheme Registered Charity in England and Wales No 328633

Annual Report and Accounts For the year ended 31 December 2022

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Contents Page
Trustee’s Report 3-9
Independent Examiner's Report 10
Statement of Financial Activities 11-12
Balance Sheet 13
Statement of Cashflows 14
Notes to the Accounts 15-18

2

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Trustees’ Report

Principal Address

Coulters Hill Cottage Coulters Hill Newborough BURTON-ON-TRENT Staffordshire DE13 8SJ

Trustees during the year:

Name

Position

Nigel Wright Chairman

Jeanine Wilkinson Treasurer & Vice Chairman

Linda Thomas National Secretary Karen Purdon Trustee for Scotland Jo Morrison Rowe Trustee for Merchandise & In Full Cry Jane Ferguson Friends of Beagle Welfare Administrator Katharine Wilson Fundraising Co-ordinator

Advisors

Independent Examiner

Ian Barrett FCA, FCIE Barretts Chartered Accountants and Chartered Tax Advisers 22 Union Street Newton Abbot Devon TQ12 2JS

Bankers

CAF Bank

25 Kings Hill Avenue Kings Hill West Malling Kent ME19 4JQ

3

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Structure, Governance and Management

Governing Document

The charity is governed by its constitution adopted 25 March 1990 as amended 24 March 1996, 31 March 2007, 28 March 2010, 24 March 2013, February 2015 and 23 March 2016.

Objectives of the Organisation

The principal objective of the charity is to promote humane behaviour towards beagles by providing appropriate care, protection, treatment, shelter and security for beagles which are in need of care and attention by reason of sickness, maltreatment, poor circumstances or ill usage and in particular to:

Method of Appointment

Trustees are elected by the council members at the ACM or at an SCM.

Governance

The charity is run by a group of seven trustees who meet between four and five times a year. They have referred to the guidance in the Charity Commission’s general guidance on public benefit when reviewing the aims and objectives and in the planning of future activities. In particular the trustees consider how planned activities will contribute to the aims and objectives they set for the organisation.

New trustees appointed by the council are provided with the Charity Commission’s guidelines for trustees and an operations manual is maintained to provide guidelines and assistance to all volunteers.

The organisation is centralised around the rehoming centre in Staffordshire, supported by a network of volunteers and trustees across England, Wales and Scotland and an additional rehoming centre in Kent. We are so grateful for all those who help out with transporting, home checking and assessing beagles and fostering (many times at short notice) across the country to enable our charity to continue its work.

The rehoming centre in Staffordshire remains the main point of contact for all surrendered and adopted dogs across the country with all the record keeping happening all in one place enabling more effective administration.

Through 2022, the Trustees continued to meet through a mix of video calls and face to face meetings with the ACM held in person.

Objectives and Activities

The main focus of the charity continues to be rehoming unwanted beagles as well as providing advice and education for owners. The dogs in our care are fully assessed where possible, while they are waiting for homes, resulting in fewer unsuccessful placements.

Being a breed specific rescue, Beagle Welfare will generally only accept pure beagles, or at least those who have the general physical beagle characteristics. People who come to beagle welfare looking to rehome a dog will be looking specifically for a beagle.

More general, non-breed specific, dog rescue centres are better able to rehome cross breeds although beagle welfare work closely with these rescue centres to help out if they are trying to rehome a beagle.

Beagle Welfare are often approached to rehome beagles who are known to be aggressive and have bitten in their previous home. We will always look at the circumstances of the beagle’s issues but if it becomes apparent that the dog will not be able to be safely rehomed, then we will refuse to take the dog, as we have a duty of care to our staff, volunteers, the public and to people who come to us to adopt a beagle.

Potential owners make enquires through our website, social media and via other animal welfare groups.

Where we can, we make every effort to attend shows, fairs and other functions where we hope to educate the general public about what owning a beagle entails. We also warn people about the dangers of buying through puppy farms and we encourage them to go to reputable breeders. Some of

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The Beagle Welfare Scheme

the advice and assistance that we have given owners has resulted in a number of beagles remaining with their owners, when they might have otherwise been given up for rehoming.

Beagles Statistics

2022 2021
Total dogs added to our register during the year 329 291
Dogs successfully rehomed during the year 185 219
Dogs euthanised
Beagles are only ever euthanised where they are seriously ill or have serious aggression
issues and would not be safe to be rehomed to another family.
14 6

2022 saw a marked increase of beagles added to our register at 329 for rehoming 38 higher than the previous year. With the increase in dog ownership during the pandemic, sadly now that the world has re-opened, we are seeing people surrendering beagles who have had minimal training, boundaries and not enough socialisation making them anxious and presenting owners with challenging behaviours.

Sadly some of the beagles we have received in for re-homing have had such severe anxieties and behavioural problems that they would have been unsafe to rehome and we have had no choice but to euthanise them.

We are using social media and our website extensively to provide advice for training and managing specific behaviours. We have also had success in keeping beagles in their homes with the advice we have given, however, there are always beagles that will end up coming in for rehoming.

Donations for beagles being adopted were down 12% on 2021 mainly due to the lower number of beagles rehomed during 2022, however the average donation per dog is up by around £10 on 2021.

----- Start of picture text -----
Rehoming Dona0ons
£60,000 £300
£45,000 £225
£30,000 £150
£15,000 £75
£0 £0
2022 2021
Surrender Dona0ons Adop0on dona0ons
Avg Surrender dona0on Avg Adop0on dona0on
Total Dona0ons
Average Dona0on
----- End of picture text -----

Education

Eduction about beagles and beagle ownership is a key objective of Beagle Welfare. We try to provide impartial advice to all existing and potential beagle owners to try and ensure that people who are looking to rehome a welfare beagle are given as much information as possible about the breed and also rehoming a welfare beagle to enable people to make an informed decision about whether a beagle is right for them. We are conscious that the more good advice we can provide reduces the number of beagles given up for adoption and therefore reducing the number of beagles who are having numerous homes and displaying challenging behaviours.

A number of volunteers and employees have taken dog behaviour training courses and we offer support to any volunteer/employee who wishes to undertake training. We also have access to an APDT qualified behaviourist who will assist with more difficult cases.

5

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Our Adoption Process

The application process begins with an enquiry to our rehoming coordinators to assess their initial suitability. If successful, applicants are asked to view our short film on beagle ownership to get a good understanding of what getting a beagle entails. If at this point they feel that a beagle is still for them, then we ask them to complete an application for adoption which is then reviewed by our team and if deemed successful in this application, a home check is undertaken for all new beagle owners.

One of our volunteers will visit them at home, usually with a beagle, to assess the potential owner’s response to having a beagle in their home, to ensure that their home set up is suitable and safe to contain a beagle and they will also provide advice on any changes that need to be made. Volunteers provide feedback to the rehoming centre coordinators who will then review this feedback and decide if the application is successful. The applicant is then contacted and encouraged to look at the rehoming list on the website to find a beagle they wish to rehome. A meet and greet is then organised by the rehoming coordinators.

All new owners are provided with an adoption pack which contains numerous information booklets about owning a beagle, what to expect from your beagle and beagle healthcare. We provide vouchers towards the cost of neutering after the dogs have been in their new home for a minimum of three months giving them time to settle. We also provide vouchers towards training beagles as we recognise the importance of training both owners and dogs and this helps with the settling in and bonding process with a dog.

Sadly we do have some beagles who do not settle in their new homes very well and we often find that their new owners do not give these beagles enough time to get used to their new surroundings and routines. This invariably impacts on the dog causing anxiety and challenging behaviours meaning they are more difficult to find good homes for.

Merchandise

2022 was another successful year for Beagle Welfare merchandise with an increase in sales from 2021 to £40,851. There were no large outdoor events in 2022 so all sales were generated online. New lines included beagle print handbags, silent Christmas crackers and Christmas jumpers; the latter creating sales of £1500 in four hours!

----- Start of picture text -----
Merchandise
2021
£32,126 2022
£40,851
----- End of picture text -----

We are very fortunate to have a supporter, Julie Armstrong from Big Ideas of Sheffield, who donates her time and goods at nil profit as Julie has adopted a beagle from Beagle Welfare in the past.

Fundraising

Beagle Welfare have had another brilliant year of fundraising thanks to our amazing and loyal supporters. Many individual beagle groups organised various social media events, including raffles, birthday donations, book sales, treasure hunts, sales of Christmas items, Christmas parties and lots lots more.

----- Start of picture text -----
Fundraising
2021
2022
£31,090
£35,400
----- End of picture text -----

2022 Our fundraising coordinator, Katharine Wilson, launched £31,090 £35,400 the Beagle Welfare Auction page on social media in March 2021 and it continues to be very popular to date and so far it has generated over £9500 since it opened. We are extremely grateful to individuals and small businesses who have very generously donated items for us to auction..

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The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Social Media remains a vital tool for fundraising and a great way for us to keep in touch with our supporters. Throughout the UK lots of beagle groups are organising fundraising meets, Katharine keeps in touch with them, it is a valuable way to share our work.

Beagle Welfare were pleased to be able to attend Beaglefest 2022 in the summer and once again we were very fortunate to benefit from this popular event. Thanks to the organisers of this very successful and well attended event. Beaglefest 2023 is in May and we will be attending.

Our Amazon Wishlist continues to be popular with our supporters, thank you to them for keeping us well stocked from the items on our wish list.

We are delighted to have made it to the final five in the Animal Star Awards for Best Rescue Organisation. The finals are in November.

We would like to thank all our amazing supporters who contribute to all our campaigns, events, and fundraiser, congratulations to them all for their dedication to BW and ingenious fundraising ideas, we could not achieve what we do with out their help.

Friends of Beagle Welfare (FOBW)

Friends of Beagle Welfare are our regular subscribers who donate funds to us every year and in return we send them our biannual magazine, In Full Cry. Our magazine gives a snapshot of what is going on at the charity and also has numerous articles, activities, behavioural advice and stories from owners who have adopted a beagle from Beagle Welfare.

----- Start of picture text -----
FOBW
2021 2022
£44,415 £46,016
----- End of picture text -----

Donations from our FOBW have increased 4% from 2021 despite all the difficulties that people have experienced over the past couple of years. We are immensely grateful to our supporters for their ongoing donations without which we could not operate as we do.

In Full Cry

Our biannual Beagle Welfare magazine, In Full cry, comes out in April and October. Our former editor, Veronica Banks, ended her tenure with the spring edition 2022 and was succeeded by former editor and trustee, Jo Morrison Rowe. Jo gave In Full Cry a fresh new look and was fortunate to receive enough materials to make it the fullest edition to date. In Full Cry features many articles from regular contributors, as well as standalone features on a range of dog related subjects, plus information on Beagle Welfares work, fundraising and happy ending tales.

Legacies

We continue to be extremely fortunate to be a recipient of the generosity of people who remember us in their wills. Some of these funds have been utilised in 2022 to cover our increased costs particularly for our vet fees and boarding and commercial kennels.

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The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Expenditure

Overall, expenditure for 2022 was over budget by around 24% and around 74% higher than in 2021.

Rehoming Centre Costs

----- Start of picture text -----
Expenditure
2021
£192,847
2022
£335,837
----- End of picture text -----

Costs for the rehoming centre were marginally down against budget by £1,352 and higher than 2021 by 14%. There was an increase in running costs this year relating to the purchase of dog leads that we have stocked up on. On a positive note, our electricity costs have not gone up due to the price increase as our tariff was fixed in 2021 for 36 months. Despite having higher numbers of beagles being surrendered to us and the rehoming centre being full over the later part of 2022, we are lucky to have supporters who regularly purchase goods for the rehoming centre from our amazon wish list which helps with food and other items needed for our beagles awaiting adoption.

Boarding, Fostering & Commercial Kennel Costs

Due to the high number of beagles coming into Beagle Welfare for rehoming at the same time, we have been used our fosterers, and commercial kennels more this year and Commercial these costs have increased by 134%. Towards the end of the year 36 beagles Kennels, Boarding were rescued from puppy farms and beagle welfare has had to cover & Fostering kennelling costs while organising the movement of the beagles to the various centres to enable rehoming. These puppy farmed beagles were also not 2021 budgeted for in 2022. £9,287 2022 £60,761

Total Vets fees

Our vets fees have increased since 2021. This is mainly due to the health care for beagles that were rescued from puppy farms, supporting beagles adopted with pre-existing conditions and supporting the older beagles under our “Golden Oldies” programme. The golden oldie costs are higher than last year. The Beagle Welfare Scheme offers this support to people who are Total Vet Fees adopting an older beagle with age related conditions as some people are put off rehoming the older beagles as they are more likely to have higher vet costs.

----- Start of picture text -----
2021
£34,910
2022
£85,242
----- End of picture text -----

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The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Reserves Policy and Related Funds

The primary function of the charity is the re-homing of beagles, to help in the prevention of maltreatment and cruelty to beagles, and in particular to encourage responsible ownership of beagles throughout Great Britain.

It is the duty of the trustees to ensure that funds are available at all times to pay for these activities with the bulk of these costs being at the main rehoming centre in Staffordshire, together with the charity’s related administration costs.

The charity’s reserves policy is to maintain the following funds:

1) The Rehoming Centre Base Fund.

The majority of the charity’s income comes from donations from The Friends of Beagle Welfare, past and new owners and fundraising. These are uncertain sources of revenue that may not always provide the funds to cover these essential costs. The Trustees’ policy is to maintain reserve funds to cover up to a maximum of the next 24 months’ planned running costs including Vet costs. As at 31st December 2022 the trustees set aside £230,000 representing the next 24 months’ planned running costs of rehoming centre and vet fees.

When planning all of the above activities, the trustees have considered the Charity Commission’s guidance on public benefit and feel that the activities of the charity are carried out in accordance with that guidance and that the activities undertaken during the year have provided a benefit to the public.

GDPR

To ensure we can be compliant with the GDPR legislation which came into force in on 25 May 2018, our Trustees, employees and necessary individuals are required to complete GDPR training. All of our volunteers are given guidelines to ensure they maintain the confidentiality & integrity of all personal data they receive whilst undertaking activities on behalf of The Beagle Welfare Scheme.

An annual review will be undertaken to ensure The Beagle Welfare Scheme remains GDPR compliant.

Signed by order of the Trustees

Jeanine Wilkinson Treasurer

9

Independent Examinerf5 Report to the Trustees of The Beagle Welfare Scheme- charity no. 328633 I report to the trustees on my examination of the accountsforThe Beagle Welfare Scheme for the year ended 31st December 2022. Respon51billties and basls of report As the charity trustees of the Trust you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 20111.the ACVI. I report in respect of my examination of the Trusvs accounts carried out under section 145 of the 2011 Act and in carrying out my examination I have followed all the applicable Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 14515}{bl of the Act. Independent examlnerfs statement Since your charitvs gross income ex￿eded £250,000 yo(Jr examiner must be a member of a listed body. I can confirm that l am qualified to undertake the examination because l am a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales and the Association of Charity Independent Examiners, both of whidi are listed bodies. I have completed my examination. I confirm that no material matters have come to my attention in connertion with the examination givlng me cause to believe that in any material respect: l. Accounting records were not kept in respect of the Trust as required by section 130 of the Act or; 2. The accounts do not accord wtth those records; or 3. The accounts do not comply with the applicable requirements concemingthe form and content of accounts set out in the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 otherthan any requirement that the accounts give a "true and fairt view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination. I have no concern5 and I have come across no other matter5 in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding unts to be reached. lan Barrett FCA FC Barretts Chartered Accountants and Chartered Taxation Advisers 22 Union Street Newton Abbot TQ12 2JS 13 September 2023 io

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Statement of Financial Activities
For the year ended 31 December 2022 2022
2021
Notes Unrestricted
Funds
Restricted
Funds
Total Funds
Total Funds
Income and endowments from:
Investments
Bank Interest
Donations and legacies
FOBW Donations
Gift Aid
Legacies
Other Donations
Rehoming Donations
Grants
Other trading activities
Fundraising Income
Insurance Commission
Profit on Disposal of Assets
Charitable activities
Sales
Total
£
£
£
£
11,313
11,313
5,358
46,016
46,016
44,415
17,661
17,661
21,672
255,900
255,900
65,574
5,408
5,408
30,855
52,071
52,071
60,696
0
0
0
35,400
35,400
31,090
5,336
5,336
4,160
5,000
40,851
40,851
32,126
469,956
0
469,956
300,945
Expenditure on:
Raising funds
Fundraising Costs
Charitable activities
Accountancy Fees
Bank Charges
Boarding & Fostering/Commercial Kennels
Rehoming Centre
IT Expenses
Depreciation
Education
Equipment
Exhibitions and Room Hire
Gifts and Donations
Golden Oldies
125
125
1,040
576
576
576
4,345
4,345
4,257
60,762
60,762
9,287
103,616
103,616
90,683
645
645
428
14,530
14,530
11,140
0
0
119
0
0
83
943
943
762
10,102
10,102
4,500
18,685
18,685
15,839

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The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Goods For Resale & Fulfilment costs
In Full Cry
Insurance
Legal fees
Miscellaneous
Postage and Stationery
Rehoming Travel
Telephone
Training
Training Vouchers (Dogs)
Vets Fees
Volunteer Travel Expenses
Website
Hardship Fund
Total
24,648
24,648
17,879
11,268
11,268
8,914
1,460
1,460
1,478
35
35
209
0
0
409
786
786
2,735
2,827
2,827
1,736
120
120
120
293
293
718
756
756
201
66,557
66,557
19,180
2,475
2,475
2,171
8,045
8,045
2,412
2,239
2,239
971
335,837
0
335,837
197,847
Net Income
Transfers between funds
Total funds brought forward
Total funds carried forward
134,118
0
134,118
103,098
0
0
0
0
764,798
0
764,798
661,700
898,917
0
898,917
764,798

12

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Balance Sheet 2022
2022
2022
2021
As at 31 December 2022 £
£
£
£
Tangible Fixed Assets
Fixtures & Fittings 2,275
2,275
2,975
Land and Buildings 6,605
6,605
4,416
Equipment 3,989
3,989
8,495
Vehicles 9,322
9,322
16,314
Total Tangible Fixed Assets 22,191
0
22,191
32,200
Current Assets
Debtors 22,815
22,815
17,778
Stock 3,313
3,313
3,271
Cash at bank 866,016
866,016
713,317
Cash in hand 233
233
96
Total Current Assets 892,377
0
892,377
734,462
Less: Liabilities
Creditors:Amounts falling due within one year
Creditors & Deferred Income 15,076
15,076
1,364
Accountancy 576
576
500
15,652
15,652
1,864
Net Current Assets 876,726
0
876,726
732,598
Total Net Assets 898,917
0
898,917
764,798
The Funds of the charity
Unrestricted funds 898,917
898,917
764,798
Total Charity Funds 898,917
0
898,917
764,798

13

staferiij~n.tofc:§hfio-wis
Cash Flows from operating activities
Net income/(expenditure)for the reporting period 134,118 103,098
Depreciation charges 14,530 11,140
Interest from investments (11,313) (5,358)
Increase in stocks (42) 798
(Increase)/decrease in debtors (5,037) (2,396)
(Decrease)/increase in creditors 13,787 (2,054)
Net cash provided by operating activities 146,044 05,229 i
Interest from investments 11,313 5,358
Purchase of fixed assets (4,521 ) (31,337)
Change in cash and cash equivalents 152,836 79,249
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 713,413 634,164
: Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 866,249 713,413

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Notes to the accounts for the year ended 31 December 2022

1) Accounting Policies

a) Basis of accoun,ng

The financial statements of the charity, which is a public benefit entity under FRS102, have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS102) “Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS102) (effective 1[st] January 2015)”, Financial Reporting Standard 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” and the Charities Act 2011. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

b) Taxation

As a registered charity the organisation benefits from rates relief and is generally exempt from income tax and capital gains tax but not from VAT. Irrecoverable VAT is included in the cost of those items to which it relates.

c) Depreciation Office Equipment 15% straight line basis Rehoming centre log cabin, shed & kennels 20% straight line basis Rehoming Centre Fixtures and Fittings 20% straight line basis Rehoming centre and other equipment and vehicles 33% straight line basis

d) Fund accounting

Funds held by the charity are either:

Unrestricted general funds

These are funds which can be used in accordance with the charitable objects at the discretion of the trustees.

Restricted funds

These are funds that can only be used for particular restricted purposes within the objects of the charity. Restrictions arise when specified by the donor or when funds are raised for particular restricted purposes.

Designated funds

These are funds set aside by the trustees out of unrestricted general funds for specific future purposes or projects.

Further explanation of the nature and purpose of each fund is included in the notes to the accounts.

15

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Notes to the accounts continued for the year ended 31 December 2022

2) Grants and Donations

2022
Unrestricted
2022
Restricted
Funds
Funds
£
£
2022
Total
2021
Total
Funds
Funds
£
£
Rehoming Donations
FOBW Donations
Other Donations
Grants
Legacies
52,071
46,016
5,408
0
52,071
60,696
46,016
44,415
5,408
30,855
0
0
255,900 255,900
65,574
359,394
0
359,394
201,539

3) Staff Costs and Numbers

2022
2021
£
£
50,049
43,241
4,430
5,446
3,593
3,580
Net Salaries
Social Security Costs
Pensions
58,072
52,267
The average number of employees during the year was 3
3

No employee earned more than £60,000.

4) Restricted Funds Summary

The Charity does not have any restricted funds in this year or the previous year.

16

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Notes to the accounts continued for the year ended 31 December 2022

5) Analysis for Rehoming Centre

2022
2021
£
£
15,223
8,219
58,072
52,267
18,753
18,694
5,574
5,551
3,286
3,875
824
1,335
1,884
743
14,121
11,057
Running Costs
Wages
Rent and Rates
Light and Heat
Refurbishment Costs
Telephone and Internet
Vehicle Costs
Depreciation Fees
117,737
101,740

6) Trustee Remuneration and Expenses

Trustees received no remuneration but expenses as follows were reimbursed to seven Trustees (2021 seven):

2022
2021
£
£
658
416
1,125
0
100
0
48
0
10
0
41
0
22,504
3,547
4,545
3,654
0
689
0
26
0
549
283
293
1,596
648
120
120
0
286
2,478
2,097
266
2,710
97
Exhibitions
In Full Cry Editor Fee
Rehoming donation refund
Dog Training Vouchers
Goods for Resale
Gifts & Donations
Fostering & Boarding Costs
Fulfilment Fees
Fund Raising Costs
Miscellaneous
Plant & Equipment
Postage and Stationery
Rehoming Travel
Telephone
Training
Travel
Utilities
Vet Fees
36,483
12,424

17

The Beagle Welfare Scheme

Notes to the accounts continued for the year ended 31 December 2022

7) Tangible assets

Land and
Buildings
Fixtures &
Fittings
Equipment
Vehicles
Total
£
£
£
£
Land and
Buildings
Fixtures &
Fittings
Equipment
Vehicles
Total
£
£
£
£
Land and
Buildings
Fixtures &
Fittings
Equipment
Vehicles
Total
£
£
£
£
Cost
At 1stJanuary 2022
Addition
Disposal
At 31stDecember 2022
30,885
10,952
16,933
20,975
79,745
1,543
2,978
4,521.4
0
32,428
10,952
19,911
20,975
84,266
Depreciation
At 1stJanuary 2022
Charge for the year
At 31stDecember 2022
26,469
7,977
8,437
4,661
47,544
1,970
700
4,869
6,992
14,531
28,439
8,677
13,306
11,653
62,075
Net Book Value
At 31stDecember 2022
3,989
2,275
6,605
9,322
22,191
At 31stDecember 2021 4,416
2,975
8,495
16,314
32,200

8) Capital Commitments

Rehoming Centre
& Equipment
£
0
10,000
Authorised and contracted
Authorised not contracted
10,000

9) Related Party Disclosures

There were no related party transactions for the year ended 31[st] December 2022

18