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Friends of the National Libraries
**1**
## **CONTENTS**
|**CONTENTS**||
|---|---|
|Administrative Information|2|
|Annual Report for 2021|4|
|Saved for the Nation: The Blavatnik Honresfeld Library|12|
|Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase|24|
|Trustees’ Report|100|
|Financial Statements|116|
**2** Friends of the National Libraries
Administrative Information
**3**
## **Administrative Information**
## **Friends of the National Libraries**
**Founded 1931 | Registered Charity Number: 313020**
**Royal Patron:**
**Chairman:**
**Honorary Treasurer:**
**Secretary:**
## **Membership Accountant:**
**Honorary Expert Adviser:**
## **PO Box 4291, Reading, Berkshire RG8 9JA**
## **www.fnl.org.uk**
L **[ @FNL313 ]**
**admin@fnlmail.org.uk**
## HRH The Prince of Wales
Mr Geordie Greig
Mr Charles Sebag-Montefiore FSA, FCA Mrs Nell Hoare MBE FSA FMA FIIC Mr Paul Celerier FCA
Dr Matthew Payne FSA
## **Trustees**
## **Ex-officio**
Mr Pedr ap Llwyd Librarian, National Library of Wales Dr Jessica Gardner University Librarian, University of Cambridge Mr Roland Keating Chief Executive, British Library
Dr Emma Markiewicz Secretary, Historical Manuscripts Commission Mr Richard Ovenden OBE FSA Bodley’s Librarian, Bodleian Libraries
Dr John Scally _(to 1 October 2021)_ National Librarian, National Library of Scotland
Mrs Amina Shah _(from 4 October 2021)_ National Librarian, National Library of Scotland
## **Elected**
Mr Felix de Marez Oyens Mr Stephen Clarke FSA Mrs Sybil Kretzmer Mr Richard Linenthal FSA Mrs Natalie Livingstone Mr Peter Mimpriss Mrs Alexandra Sitwell Mr Mark Storey Mrs Joan Winterkorn FSA
## **Scottish Representative**
Dr Iain Gordon Brown FSA, FRSE
## **General Council**
Mr Philip Ziegler CVO Sir Tom Stoppard OM, CBE
## **Independent Auditors**
Knox Cropper LLP 65 Leadenhall Street, London EC3A 2AD
## **Investment Advisers**
Cazenove Capital Management 1 London Wall Place, London EC2Y 5AU
## **Principal Bankers**
CAF Bank Limited 25 King’s Hill Avenue, West Malling, Kent ME19 4JQ
## **Design**
72ptdesign.com
**4** Friends of the National Libraries
Annual Report for 2021
**5**
## **Annual Report for 2021**
Whilst the campaign to save the Blavatnik Honresfield Library (see page 12) occupied much of our attention during the year, FNL continued to support acquisitions by regional, specialist and national libraries and archives throughout 2021.
A total of 53 grants were offered but not all the recipients were successful at auction, with the result that 38 grants were made during the year. These grants amounted to over £165,000, and they enabled the acquisition of collections valued at over half a million pounds. Fourteen grants were made to county archive services, eight to universities, seven to non-national museums, four to specialist collecting institutions and three to national libraries.
Of these, 37 grants are reported here, and exclude one acquisition not completed by the end of 2021. In addition, we report on one grant awarded in 2020 following completion of the purchase.
## **GRANTS FROM THE OPERATING FUND**
Thirty-five grants were committed or paid for from FNL’s Operating Fund during 2021. Two grants of £20,000 were awarded, the first to the University of Huddersfield for the **Mark Hinchliffe Ted Hughes Collection** and the second to the Borthwick Institute, University of York, for the **Frankie Howerd** Archive. A grant of £10,000 helped the acquisition of a collection with a Hispanophile theme by the National Gallery Library, which acquired a significant collection of books and manuscripts relating to the traveller and writer **Richard Ford (1796-1858)** . Dorset History Centre continued its impressive record of acquiring collections relating to leading authors of the county, with the acquisition of **documents relating to Thomas Hardy (1840-1928)** with the help of a grant of nearly £6,000. A grant of just over £1,200 enabled Aberdeen University to acquire a **letter to Aberdeen University from Charles Dickens (1869)** . Meanwhile a grant of £10,000 enabled the Bodleian Libraries to acquire a rare copy of _**Hachiman Tarõ Ichidaiki**_ , a work of popular illustrated fiction published in Japan in the second half of the 18th century.
Incipit of volume 4, with the inscription Mitamura-shi (Mr Mitamura) handwritten in the inside front cover. Courtesy of the Bodleian Libraries.
**6** Friends of the National Libraries
Annual Report for 2021
**7**
We report here on a grant awarded in 2020 to Eton College Library for the acquisition of the **Archive of Sir Malcolm Arnold (1921-2006)** . In addition to FNL’s grant of £20,000 a generous donor gave a £30,000 donation via FNL that was restricted for this acquisition. Continuing the musical theme, a grant of £500 enabled Holst Victorian House to acquire a l **etter from Gustav Holst (1874-1934) to Herbert Lambert (1882-1936)** .
Grants for items of scientific interest included £13,000 to Christ Church College, Oxford, for **Euclid’s** _**The Elements of Geometrie**_ ( **1570)** , the first complete English translation of _The Elements_ : this copy was owned by the college library until some point in the 18th century. A grant of £7,000 enabled Cambridge University Library to acquire the **manuscript notebook of John Wickins (d.1719)** , friend and collaborator of Isaac Newton.
Grants for items relating to particular localities included **a terrier of Thomas Yardley’s lands in Beoley, 1506** , acquired by Worcestershire Archives with a grant of over £9,500. **A map of Beckingham estates in Tolleshunt D’Arcy (1616)** was bought by Essex Record Office with a grant of £3,000. Cumbria Archives acquired papers relating to the **Huddleston family of Millom (16th and 17th century)** thanks to a grant of £1,000. East Sussex, Brighton and Hove Record Office was able to add to its holdings relating to **Raper and Fovargue, solicitors in Battle** : these papers (1589-1834) join material acquired with FNL’s assistance in 2018. More solicitors’ papers were acquired by Medway Archives Centre, with a grant of £250, in the form of **nine bill books from Arnold Tuff and Grimwade** , who operated in Rochester from the 18th century. A grant of £1,270 enabled Leicestershire, Leicester and Rutland Archives to acquire **Court Books of the manorial courts (courts leet and baron) of Great Bowden and Market Harborough, 1708-1868** .
Malcolm Arnold Clarinet Concerto No. 2, op 115. Reproduction by permission of Faber Music Ltd.
## **8** Friends of the National Libraries
A grant of £1,135 enabled North Yorkshire Record Office to acquire a collection of **17th century Court Rolls for Hensall, North Yorkshire** , whilst a grant of £1,000 allowed the Spalding Gentlemen’s Society of acquire **Lincolnshire Acre Books for 1598, 1620 and 1640** . Aberdeenshire Archives acquired the **manuscript Testament (c.1675) of Alexander Jaffray (16141673)** , a prominent Quaker, with the help of a grant of £5,000. Our most northerly grant of the year allowed Stornoway Historical Society to buy a **letter from the Chamberlain of the Lews to the architect of Lews Castle (1844)** .
Grants for items relating to foreign parts included £3,300 to The Captain Cook Memorial Museum to acquire an **Imprest document issued by Captain Cook at the Cape of Good Hope, June 1777** . The Royal Engineers’ Museum acquired a **rare manuscript diary (1878-9) of the Zulu War** with a grant of £5,000 and a grant of under £500 enabled Queens’ College, Cambridge, to acquire Harvey’s **Sketches of Hayti: from the Expulsion of the French to the Death of Christophe (1827)** .
Opposite: Imprest document showing official signatures of the Victualling Office officials, including that of Jonas Hanway. His responsibilities included oversight of the bakehouse and mills producing flour, oatmeal and pease. © Captain Cook Memorial Museum.
Above: A sketch of a Kraal used as a defensive position. Courtesy of the Royal Engineers’ Museum.
**10** Friends of the National Libraries
## **GRANTS FROM THE B.H. BRESLAUER FOUNDATION FUND**
Two grants were awarded from this Fund in 2021. The first, a grant of £5,200, enabled the National Library of Scotland to acquire **the 16th century Chronicle of Fortingall** . This manuscript was described as “of the greatest significance for the study of Highland history [and] our most exciting manuscript acquisition of the year.”
A grant of £5,000 was awarded to the John Rylands Library, University of Manchester, for an extensively annotated l **ate 15th century Latin Bible, published in Strasbourg** . It may have been in England from its publication, providing important evidence for the book import trade of the time.
## **GRANTS FROM THE PHILIP LARKIN FUND**
During 2021 half of FNL’s grant of £20,000 (£10,000) to the University of Huddersfield, for the Mark Hinchliffe Ted Hughes Collection, was allocated to this fund.
Page from a holograph manuscript of the play Orpheus and Eurydice by Ted Hughes. Courtesy of the University of Huddersfield.
The Blavatnik Honresfield Library **13**
**12** Friends of the National Libraries
## **Saved for the Nation: The Blavatnik Honresfield Library**
_“ It is tremendous news for our country that Friends of the National Libraries, a charity of which I am proud to be Patron, has raised £15 million in just five months to save one of the most significant collections, including manuscripts by Charlotte Brontë, Walter Scott and Robert Burns. I can only congratulate the Chairman, Geordie Greig, and his team for saving the Blavatnik Honresfield Library for the nation, with its treasures now to be owned by some of our greatest national libraries across the U.K. Our literary heritage is our cultural DNA and this preserves it for students, teachers, academics and ordinary readers in perpetuity.”_
HRH The Prince of Wales, Patron of FNL
Left: Emily Brontë and Anne Brontë, autograph manuscript birthday notes, with sketches by Emily, 1841. Image courtesy of Sotheby’s.
In 2021, Friends of the National Libraries took on the challenge to raise, in less than six months, over £15m to save Honresfield Library (now called the Blavatnik Honresfield Library) for the nation. FNL raised the required funds thanks to the enormous generosity of our lead donor Sir Leonard Blavatnik, our major donor the National Heritage Memorial Fund, and the many institutional library and other main donors listed on page 17. FNL’s campaign also caught the public imagination, with many thousands of people donating to the appeal.
The Honresfield Library was formed towards the end of the 19th century by William Law (1836-1901), a Rochdale mill owner, who created an exceptional collection of English and Scottish manuscripts and printed books which had the Brontës at its heart, as well as manuscripts in the hands of Jane Austen, Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scott and a significant collection of printed books. It has been largely inaccessible for the last 80 years.
When the sale of the library in three tranches was announced in May 2021, FNL successfully encouraged Sotheby’s, the agents for the vendors, to postpone the sale of the first tranche planned for July 2021 in order to give FNL the opportunity to purchase the entire collection for the nation. The purchase price was set at £15 million.
Taking a novel and UK-wide approach to acquiring the Honresfield Library, FNL led a consortium of eight libraries and writers’ houses to raise the substantial funds needed to acquire the library with the intention that FNL would donate every manuscript and book to appropriate libraries throughout the UK and retain no item itself. The FNL has now given all the books and manuscripts to national, regional and specialist libraries in all four home nations of the UK so that the Blavatnik Honresfield Library can benefit the widest possible public in perpetuity.
In December 2021 it was announced that FNL had successfully raised the £15m needed to acquire the entire library. No private library of English literature of such significance has been placed on the open market for many decades, nor is ever likely to appear again. FNL’s success has ensured that the collection will remain permanently in the public domain and will never be lost overseas or to private collections that are not accessible to the public.
**14** Friends of the National Libraries Descriptor of Section **15**
The Blavatnik Honresfield Library
**16** Friends of the National Libraries
**17**
## **The Blavatnik Honresfield Library: a literary treasure trove**
At the heart of the Blavatnik Honresfield Library lies an astonishing set of manuscripts in the hands of Charlotte, Emily and Anne Brontë, much of which has been unseen for 80 years and never properly examined. It includes seven of Charlotte Brontë’s famous ‘little books’, each of which is a work of art; a manuscript collection of poems by Anne Brontë; some 25 letters by Charlotte Brontë; and a small but exquisite autograph manuscript diary note shared by Emily and Anne Brontë. The absolute jewel of the Brontë collection is Emily Brontë’s holograph notebook of 31 poems, believed by many scholars to have been lost. This poetry notebook carries annotations in Charlotte’s hand. The printed treasures of the sisters include Emily Brontë’s own annotated copy of their first publication, the exceptionally rare Poems of 1846, and fine presentation copies of first editions of their novels in their original cloth bindings.
The collection also includes the complete working manuscript of Sir Walter Scott’s iconic novel _Rob Roy_ , part of the autograph manuscript of Scott’s verse romance, _The Lay of the Last Minstrel_ , his light-hearted travel journal of a voyage off the Scottish coast in 1814, a copy of _Border Antiquities_ with extensive manuscript revisions, and an exceptional group of Scott first editions in their original condition. Other Scottish material of huge importance is an early volume of poems by Robert Burns in his own hand - containing some of his earliest recorded literary works - known as the First Commonplace Book, as well as individual autograph poems (‘Cessnock Banks and the Brigs of Ayr’), and a group of the poet’s earliest correspondence, including the only extant letter to his beloved father.
Jane Austen is represented by two hugely significant letters to her sister Cassandra. One is the earliest known surviving autograph letter (dated January 1796), written on the eve of a ball where Austen anticipates the end of a love affair. Early autograph Austen letters are extremely rare: only three are held in any UK national collection, the bulk being in the Morgan Library, New York. The second letter dates from 1813 and discusses the reception of both _Pride and Prejudice_ and _Sense and Sensibility_ . The library also includes rare first editions of _Pride and Prejudice_ , _Northanger Abbey_ , _Emma_ and _Persuasion_ in their original condition.
## **Our Donors**
The Trustees of Friends of the National Libraries and its consortium of libraries and writers’ houses are profoundly grateful to all of our donors:
## **Lead Donor**
## **Consortium Donors**
Abbotsford: The Home of Walter Scott The Bodleian Libraries The British Library The National Library of Scotland The Brontë Society: Brontë Parsonage Museum Jane Austen’s House
Sir Leonard Blavatnik
## **Major Donor**
The National Heritage Memorial Fund
## **Main Donors**
The Prince of Wales Charitable Foundation The Murray Family Camelot Group The Foyle Foundation The David Cock Foundation The T S Eliot Foundation Hugh and Catherine Stevenson Berkeley Foundation British Library Collections Trust American Trust for the British Library
The Brotherton Library, University of Leeds The National Trust for Scotland: The Robert Burns Birthplace Museum
**In addition, many philanthropists, trusts and foundations contributed generously to the campaign but prefer to remain anonymous. FNL is equally grateful to them all.**
**FNL is also enormously grateful to the thousands of individuals, in the UK and worldwide, who made personal donations to our appeal.**
B. H. Breslauer Fund of the American Trust for the British Library
The Ardeola Trust
The Vogel-Denebeim Family The Penchant Foundation
A selection Lancashire dialect books from the Blavatnik Honresfield Library. Image courtesy of Sotheby’s.
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18 Friends of the National Libraries Descriptor of Section 19
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The Blavatnik Honresfield Library
**20** Friends of the National Libraries
**21**
## **The distribution of manuscripts and printed books**
**In another novel approach, FNL has donated some of the manuscripts into the joint ownership of two or three libraries. For example, Charlotte Brontë’s seven ‘little books’ are owned jointly by the Brontë Parsonage Museum, the Brotherton Library and the British Library, while the Austen letters are owned jointly by the Bodleian Libraries and Jane Austen’s House. Other manuscripts that were not by, or connected to, these authors were donated to Lambeth Palace Library and West Sussex Record Office.**
## **THE MANUSCRIPTS**
**The manuscripts by the Brontës, Austen, Scott and Burns in the Blavatnik Honresfield Library have been donated to the eight consortium members as follows:**
## **Charlotte, Emily and Anne Brontë**
The British Library, London and Yorkshire The Brontë Parsonage Museum, Haworth The Brotherton Library, University of Leeds
**Each organisation in the consortium is committed to providing ongoing access to the items that FNL has donated to them, such as research access through their reading rooms; inclusion of the manuscripts in their exhibitions; joint programming of talks and events; loans to third party organisations; making digital versions available via their websites, and joint research projects.**
## **Jane Austen**
The Bodleian Libraries, Oxford Jane Austen’s House, Chawton
## **Sir Walter Scott**
The National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh and Glasgow Abbotsford: The Home of Walter Scott, Melrose, Scotland
## **Robert Burns**
The National Library of Scotland
The Robert Burns Birthplace Museum, Alloway (National Trust for Scotland)
Previous pages: The only extant letter from Robert Burns to his father, 27 December 1781. Left: Three of the seven ‘little books’, written by the teenage Charlotte Brontë, that are in the Blavatnik Honresfield Library.
## **THE PRINTED BOOKS**
**The Blavatnik Honresfield Library contains over 1,400 printed books. These have been donated even more widely, with libraries in all four home nations receiving donations from the Blavatnik Honresfield Library’s printed book collection.**
**Among the libraries that are benefitting from these donations are:**
## **Aberdeen University**
**Armagh Robinson Library, Northern Ireland Beckford’s Tower Museum, Bath Cambridge University Library Cardiff University Library**
**The Cowper and Newton Museum, Olney, Buckinghamshire Dickens House Museum, London Dove Cottage, Grasmere Dr Johnson’s House, London Durham University Library Exeter University Library Glasgow University Library Kent University Library’s Cartoon Archive John Rylands Library, University of Manchester The Mitchell Library, Glasgow The Museum of English Rural Life, Reading The National Library of Wales Natural History Society of Northumbria Queen’s University, Belfast The Royal College of Music The Royal Library The Strawberry Hill Collections Trust The Tennyson Research Centre, Lincolnshire Archives West Sussex Record Office**
Cervantes, _The History of Don Quichote_ , 1620, the first complete edition in English. Image courtesy of Sotheby’s.
**Nearly 70 libraries throughout the UK are benefiting from donations of printed books from the Blavatnik Honresfield Library.**
**In all cases the donated books are enriching collections and, in some cases such as that of Beckford’s Tower, the major donation of 36 volumes formerly owned by William Beckford has been described as transformative.**
**FNL will produce a special publication on the Blavatnik Honresfield Library which will be sent to all FNL members. FNL’s online grants database will also be updated to include details of every manuscript and book and their new location.**
A portion of Sir Walter Scott’s autograph manuscript of _The Lay of the Last Minstrel_ , c.1805. **22** Friends of the National LibrariesImage courtesy of Sotheby’s. Descriptor of Section **23**
**24** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**25**
## **Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase**
## **FOR ABERDEEN CITY AND ABERDEENSHIRE ARCHIVES**
## **Manuscript testament (c.1675) of Alexander Jaffray (1614-1673). Bought from Quaritch for £15,000, with the aid of a grant of £5,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Phil Astley, City Archivist, writes:_ The testament of Alexander Jaffray is a unique manuscript of major regional and national significance which Aberdeen City and Aberdeenshire Archives were delighted to acquire with the generous assistance of the Friends of the National Libraries. Original documents that shed light on religious belief in 17th-century Scotland are extremely rare. This manuscript is an extraordinary example of an individual articulating their moral and spiritual viewpoint at a time of significant change within society.
While the document shines a bright light on Jaffray’s religious convictions, his civic connections also make the document of special historical relevance to Aberdeen: born into a prominent family, his father was a Provost of the city, while Alexander was himself twice Provost, firstly in 1649-50 and secondly between 1651-52. He also represented the city in the Scottish Parliament
between 1644 and 1650. In 1649, and again in 1650, he was one of six commissioners deputed to liaise with the exiled Charles II in Holland, while in June 1653 he was summoned from Scotland, with four others, to sit in the Little Parliament.
Educated at Aberdeen High School and Marischal College, Jaffray’s religious beliefs, which changed during his lifetime, reflect the religious upheaval of wider society. On the moderate wing of the Covenanters after 1638, his contact with Cromwell and his chaplain, John Owen, resulted in his views on religious liberty being significantly broadened. After his career in civic and public life had come to an end in 1661, he became a significant religious leader and thinker, developing a particular affinity with the Quakers, joining their body in Aberdeen in 1662.
Although far from numerous during the 1660s and 1670s, it is likely that there were more Quakers in Aberdeen at that time than anywhere else in Scotland. Together with their Catholic counterparts in the burgh, they became the focus of significant repression and persecution after 1662. Several of the leading lights within the Aberdeen Quakers, including Alexander Jaffray himself, were former magistrates or magistrates’ wives which made their break with traditional Protestantism all the more galling for those who remained within the established church and who perceived the very presence of the Quaker community as an affront to authority.
It is his thoughts around Quakerism that are contained within the testament, which is preceded in the manuscript by a number of letters to friends in the quaker community both in England and Scotland. While Jaffray’s memoirs between 1650 and 1661 were rediscovered and published in 1833, they relate mainly to his political life and do not cover his deliberations on Quakerism. Consequently, the present manuscript is a unique record of his thoughts on the subject and his connections to the cause.
The manuscript will be digitised early in 2022 and, together with a transcript, will be made available through the website of Aberdeen City and Aberdeenshire Archives in time for the 350th anniversary of Alexander Jaffray’s death in 2023.
Detail from the Last Testament of Alexader Jaffray. Courtesy of Aberdeen City & Aberdeenshire Archives.
**26** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **27**
## **FOR ABERDEEN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY**
## **Manuscript Letter to Aberdeen University from Charles Dickens, November 1869. Bought for £2,495, with the aid of £1,248 from the Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Dr Keith O’Sullivan, Senior Rare Books Librarian, writes:_ The Friends have been exceptionally generous donors to the University of Aberdeen over the years. This year, we are very grateful for their assistance to Museums & Special Collections in acquiring a manuscript letter and accompanying envelope from the eminent English novelist (1812-70).
The University of Aberdeen has one of the UK’s largest collections of materials by and about Dickens, containing, for example, first bound editions of all 15 of his novels. In his chapter for _The Library and Archive Collections of the University of Aberdeen: An Introduction and Description_ (2011), world authority on Dickens Dr Paul Schlicke had commented that “only three libraries in Britain (the Victorian and Albert Museum, the British Library, and the Charles Dickens Museum) and a handful of institutions outside Britain have more extensive holdings. Although not widely known or consulted, the collection is one of the jewels in the crown of Aberdeen, and merits far greater recognition than it has ever received.”
The letter exemplifies Dickens’ perhaps surprising but consistent link with Aberdeen. The novelist visited the ‘granite city’ twice on his famous lecture tours. John Thomson Gordon, variously High Sheriff of Aberdeen and Edinburgh and one time Rector of Marischal College, one of the University’s two antecedent institutions, was among his closest Scottish friends. Moreover, Dickens was also twice approached by students to stand for the Rectorship of Marischal himself, in 1849 (against Gordon as incumbent), and 1869. On both occasions he declined. Dickens was in failing health by the time of the second overture and died less than eight months later. Although brief, the letter to law student Johnston Watson bears Dickens’s distinctive florid signature. It constitutes a significant addition to the archive, complementing our print holdings, and will enhance future public programming events.
Manuscript letter to Aberdeen University from Charles Dickens, November, 1869. Courtesy of the University of Aberdeen.
**28** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**29**
## **FOR THE BODLEIAN LIBRARIES, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD**
## **Hachiman Tarō Ichidaiki (The life of Hachiman Tarō). Undated [mid-18th century]. Bought from Isseido Bookshop, Tokyo, for £13,000, with the aid of a grant of £10,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Dr Alessandro Bianchi, Bodleian Japanese Librarian, writes:_ The Bodleian is grateful to the Friends of the National Libraries for their support in purchasing a rare copy of _Hachiman Tar_ ō _Ichidaiki_ , a work of popular illustrated fiction published in the second half of the 18th century. This set is complete in five volumes (180 x 129 mm), each preserving its original cover and pasted title slip. The book comprises twenty-five leaves of woodblock-printed text and images, with later hand colouring added to the illustrations by a contemporaneous reader.
This edition of _Hachiman Tar_ ō _Ichidaiki_ belongs to a publishing genre known as _kurohon_ (black-cover books), identifiable thanks to their distinctive black covers and illustrated title slips. _Kurohon_ were characterised by a strong interplay between words and images, and displayed a textual logic somewhat similar to modern day comics and graphic novels, with narrative parts separated by dialogues, which were often associated with distinct characters in the illustrations. Differing from _Akahon_ (red-cover books), which targeted children, kurohon were intended for young adults and generally presented more complex stories, featuring exciting narratives and depictions of battles, biographies of heroes, or digests of stories borrowed from the repertoire of _jōruri_ (Japanese puppet theatre) and kabuki plays. Although no copy of _Hachiman Tar_ ō _Ichidaiki_ bears information about its production date and authorship, from the publisher’s device appearing on each volume we understand that this book was issued by Tsuruya, a publisher based in Edo (modern-day Tokyo) who specialised in comic fiction and illustrated books. _Hachiman Tar_ ō _Ichidaiki_ became a bestseller and, after an initial print run, Tsuruya commissioned a second edition, with different illustrations and minor variations to the text.
This copy has an interesting provenance. It was purchased by Issedo Shoten, a leading antiquarian bookseller in Tokyo, who previously acquired it at an auction in 2019. There seem to be earlier marks of provenance, including a date stamp in English, which suggests that the book was in the hands of a private collector in the immediate post-war period. Furthermore, the presence of the inscriptions “Mitamura” and “Hikogoro” in black ink throughout the five volumes suggests that in all likelihood, this book belonged to Mitamura Hikogoro, believed to be the son of a samurai family who lived in the second half of the 18th century. Kimura Yaeko and Sato Satoru, two leading scholars of _kurohon_ , have identified several titles owned by the young Hikogoro, many of which are now housed in various institutions in Japan (Waseda University Library), Europe (British Library, British Museum), and America (Smithsonian).
The generous contribution received from the Friends of the National Libraries was critical in securing this acquisition. The Bodleian is delighted to add _Hachiman Tar_ ō _Ichidaiki_ to its holdings of Japanese rare books and further diversify its rich collection of children’s and young adult literature. We look forward to making this work widely available, through digitisation, scholarly activities, and public engagement.
The five-volume set of _Hachiman Tarō Ichidaiki._ Courtesy of the Bodleian Libraries.
**30** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**31**
## **FOR THE BORTHWICK INSTITUTE FOR ARCHIVES, UNIVERSITY OF YORK**
## **The Frankie Howerd Archive, 1947-2010. Bought from Neil Pearson Rare Books for £95,000, with the aid of a grant of £20,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Gary Brannan, Keeper of Archives and Special Collections, writes:_ The Borthwick Institute for Archives is very grateful to FNL for its support in our purchase of the Frankie Howerd Archive.
The collection comprises 36 boxes of scripts and files of agency contracts and correspondence which document Howerd’s career between the late 1940s and his death in 1992. Previously unseen, the archive tells the story not only of the career of one of our best-loved performers and cultural touchstones; but also an archive that charts the craft and development of modern stand-up comedy as we know it - the journey from 1940s gag-tellers to observational storytelling.
It was often assumed that no archival records relating to Howerd survived, thus it was a surprise to us when the archive was offered for sale in early 2021. The Samuel Storey Writing and Performance Collection held at the Borthwick contains the archives of Sir Alan Ayckbourn, Barry Took, Marks and Gran amongst others, and we had long been aware that Howerd was an invisible joining point between collections. Howerd’s York roots gave an extra dimension to the acquisition, giving us the opportunity to work with our local community in saving the archive of a local legend, as well as acquiring an archive of exceptional quality and depth.
Moreover, the archive showcases the work of some of the best craftspeople of 20th century British comedy. Howerd was a prolific patron of new, up and coming writers throughout his whole career. This patronage means the archive features works by Spike Milligan, Ray Galton and Alan Simpson, Clive Anderson, Jimmy Mulville, and Laurence Marks and Maurice Gran. Chiefly, the archive includes hundreds of scripts crafted by Eric Sykes, the writer credited with bringing the stage persona of ‘Frankie Howerd’ into existence.
The scripts document the many highs and lows of Howerd’s career. We have some of the earliest work attributed to Howerd from his breakthrough on ‘Variety Bandbox’ in 1946; highlights from his career resurgence in the late 1960s in scripts for ‘Carry On’ productions and ‘Up Pompeii’; right to his later career blossoming as the elder statesman of comedy.
Agency contracts and correspondence give a unique view of how Howerd’s career was managed and developed, illustrating his waxing and waning fortunes via his commercial appeal and earning capacity. The correspondence and contracts span the period 1959-1992 and document the proliferation of Howerd’s career from radio and live performance into TV, film, records and personal appearances.
The archive is already enabling research and new insights into Howerd’s career - for instance, we have already learned more about his international career in the USA, Canada and Australia. The archive has garnered much positive local and national press attention, and an outline box-list is available via borthcat.york.ac.uk/fhow. We have created a bespoke website for the collection at frankie-howerd.york.ac.uk, and will run public events to promote the archive via talks and exhibitions in 2022.
Image of Howerd and detail of a script. Courtesy of the Borthwick Institute, University of York.
**32** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **33**
## **FOR THE BROTHERTON LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS**
**Compositional draft of five devotional poems by Ralph Knevet, on the verso of a copy of the Ortelius map of the Kingdom of Prester John, n.d. [1640s]. Bought from Christie’s (14 July 2021, Lot 33) for £14,936 with the aid of a grant of £5,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Joanne Fitton, Associate Director Special Collections and Galleries, writes:_ The Brotherton Library holds a significant collection of 17th and 18th century manuscript verse, developed over the last 50 years or more. In the summer of 2021, Quaritch brought an autograph manuscript of Ralph Knevet’s poems to the attention of the Brotherton Library. The manuscript was due to be sold at Christie’s. With the generous support of FNL the Brotherton was able to prepare for the auction and make a successful bid.
It forms a wonderful example of 17th century poetry in draft, in a unique setting (using a map in this way) and gives fascinating insight into the trade and changing preoccupations running through the sales room.
The item has been digitised and is accessible via the Special Collections website: explore.library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collections-explore/722655.
Researchers in several Schools at the University have been delighted to gain access digitally when in-person visits to reading rooms were challenging. The overlap between literary composition and geographical print makes the item attractive to multiple studies and it is being consulted as part of Renaissance literature taught modules in the School of English.
The poet, Ralph Knevet (1600-1671), was tutor and chaplain to the family of Sir William Paston of Oxnead Hall, near Norwich. As noted in the Christie’s catalogue, Knevet’s poetical works are ‘part of the great tradition of Herbert, Vaughan, and Crashaw in 17th-century devotional poetry.’ He is best known for his series of 82 devotional lyrics _A Gallery to the Temple_ , which remained unpublished until the 20th century. The five poems, written on the verso of the Ortelius map are the earliest extant versions of numbers 71-75 in the series. The poems show multiple corrections and false-starts. It includes an entire stanza of the poem ‘Memory,’ that does not appear in the fair copy held at the British Library. The Ortelius map, first printed in the _Additamentum_ of 1573, depicts the mythical kingdom of Prester John as situated in northeastern Africa.
It is not clear why Knevet was writing on the verso of a map. Some of the text is incomplete along the edge, suggesting it has been lost on the stub of a binding. When he was writing on the map, it was bound in a book. At some point the atlas was broken to sell the maps separately. Indeed, the Brotherton collection of manuscript verse holds another example of Knevet’s poetic output, using a map for his jottings. The sale of this autograph manuscript was an opportunity for the Brotherton to reunite a small part of his work.
The Ortelius map of the Kingdom of Prester John, n.d. [1640s] . Courtesy of University of Leeds, Brotherton Library.
**34** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**35**
## **FOR CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY**
## **The manuscript notebook (August 1682–April 1684) of John Wickins (d.1719). Bought from Bonhams (23 March 2021, Lot 73) for £65,314, with the aid of a grant of £7,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Dr Jill Whitelock, Head of Special Collections, writes:_ Cambridge University Library is very grateful to the Friends of the National Libraries for generously supporting the acquisition of the manuscript notebook of John Wickins, friend, collaborator and amanuensis of Isaac Newton. The notebook contains transcripts of letters and other writings by Newton, including the longest example of Newton’s writing to be found in the past 50 years. Although the existence of the notebook was communicated to Robert Smith and thence to Newton’s heirs in 1728, and the three letters in the manuscript were published in 1880, they and the rest of the manuscript are unknown to Newton scholarship, the manuscript having subsequently been ‘lost’ to view.
The significance of the manuscript lies in its relationship to the Divinity Act, rigorously maintained by Joseph Beaumont (1616–99) during his tenure from 1674 of the Regius Professorship of Divinity. Beaumont’s own determinations at the Divinity Act survive in manuscript at the UL (MSS Add. 697-9) and at Peterhouse (MSS Beaumont). Dmitri Levitin and Scott Mandelbrote have recently edited Beaumont’s determinations at Newton’s Divinity Act (from Peterhouse, MS Beaumont 2). The text in the Wickens’ notebook is clearly that of Newton’s response to Beaumont’s topics and Beaumont’s specific points to the respondent engage with Newton’s words as given here. This is an unknown composition of Newton. It also represents the most significant surviving evidence of a respondent’s contribution to the Cambridge Divinity Act. Wickins also had to present at the Divinity Act (23 January,1679) and the letters between Newton and Wickins copied here make specific reference to the Act and suggest Newton’s coaching of the younger man from his own newfound expertise in Divinity. The book lists here are particularly interesting as providing concrete evidence of Newton’s earliest serious theological reading.
The notebook also provides important early information on Newton’s attitude to the copying of his materials. The University Library holds very rich resources for the study of the neglected topic of Newton’s collaboration with copyists and amanuenses. This is a particular strength of the Macclesfield Collection (especially through its documenting of the relationship of Newton with John Collins and with William Jones and his circle). It is also a hidden feature of the Portsmouth Collection (not least in the involvement of Wickins in copying Newton’s optical papers). Many of the copies represented in the University Library constitute the only known evidence for particular writings by Newton, just as in the case of the Wickins notebook.
Cambridge University Library holds the pre-eminent collection of scientific and mathematical papers of Sir Isaac Newton, which was recently inscribed on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register as documentary heritage of outstanding international importance. The notebook of John Wickins is a fine complement to this collection and adds significantly to our understanding of Newton and his writings, as well as casting new light on other manuscripts in the University Library.
Above: The manuscript notebook of John Wickins (d.1719). Above right: The Common-Place by Newton copied here is otherwise unattested and is likely to relate to the preparatory sermon that candidates for the Divinity Act had to preach. Courtesy of Cambridge University Library.
**36** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**37**
## **CAPTAIN COOK MEMORIAL MUSEUM, WHITBY**
**An Imprest document issued by Captain Cook at the Cape of Good Hope, June 1777. Bought from Hordern House, Sydney, Australia, for £7,850, with the aid of a grant of £3,300 from Friends of National Libraries.**
_Dr. Sophie Forgan, Chairman of Trustees, writes:_ Any document relating to the Cook voyages is now extremely rare and the Museum is most grateful to the Friends of National Libraries for their help in enabling this acquisition. Imprest documents are unusual and only two others survive from those issued by Captain Cook on this voyage, neither of which are held in this country.
An added interest is the fact that this particular document re-emerged, in classic fashion, in a country house, Brancaster Hall, Norfolk. The document was discovered when the house contents were listed for sale in 2002, and it was framed with a letter from Captain Cook hidden within the backing. The documents appear to have been in the Simms Reeve family at Brancaster for well over 100 years. Both were later sold in 2006 at Sotheby’s. There may also even have been a connection to Whitby through the Corner family, as John Corner, merchant of Whitby, married into the Simms Reeve family and was the person who acquired the journal of Captain Cook which is now in the State Library of New South Wales.
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Imprest document with storage box.
© Captain Cook Memorial Museum.
**----- End of picture text -----**
An Imprest document is a receipt for a bill of exchange, issued in this case by Cook payable to Abraham Chiron at the Cape of Good Hope for supplies taken on board _Resolution_ and dated 17 June 1777. Chiron was an important figure in Cape Town at that time, a German immigrant who established a significant business providing supplies for the numerous ships stopping on their way to the East.
The document is signed off by officials of the Victualling Office in London, including Jonas Hanway, the founder of the Marine Society (1756) which took destitute boys and gave them rudimentary training for the Royal Navy and merchant marine.
The document has several interesting aspects to it. It allows us to tell the story of provisioning of Cook’s ships around the world and shows one aspect of increasing globalisation, something of which we are intensely conscious of today. Transnational systems of currency exchange were being refined and made more flexible in the late 18th century. Rix dollars, the currency used in this bill of exchange, may be compared to the US dollar, the pound sterling or the euro in helping to enable long distance trade and travel. The Treasury and Admiralty were familiar with using such currencies and had quite a sophisticated accounting system in operation for long voyages. The ‘imprest’ system refers to the sum set aside to cover expenses, which would then be topped up once depleted. Trusted captains such as Cook could therefore negotiate for supplies with the confidence that the debt incurred would be redeemed back home, and they did not therefore have to carry large amounts of money on voyages of long and uncertain duration.
It also shows how carefully Cook oversaw the provisioning and was always concerned to provide fresh food and water whenever he could, a key element in the battle against the dread disease of scurvy. While he was not aware of the scientific explanation of scurvy, Cook never lost a man to the disease and was always concerned to provide fresh food and water whenever he could. Supplies were meticulously checked and replaced if possible, just as fresh water was taken on board to replace stale casks. The third voyage was a long one heading for the North-West Coast of North America, and while Cook could expect to resupply in New Zealand and Tahiti, he made sure whenever possible that fresh supplies took the place of salt provisions which could then be reserved for a less easy passage of the voyage.
The document is an important addition to our archive and allows depth of interpretation showing how Cook operated within standard naval supply processes of the time.
**38** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**39**
## **FOR CARMARTHENSHIRE ARCHIVES**
## **Pantglâs Hall MS Reference Book for Height and Weight, 1869 – [1920]. Bought from Kernoozers Gallery for £125, and presented by Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Hayden Burns, Service Lead, writes:_ This was acquired in January 2021, following notice of its imminent sale from The National Archives Sales Monitoring Team. Carmarthenshire Archives is extremely grateful for the support of the Friends of the National Libraries, which has enabled it to add this wonderful document to our collection.
Pantglâs Hall was a splendid 19th century country house with landscaped gardens, located near the parish of Llanfynydd to the north-east of Carmarthenshire. In 1850, the 7,854-acre Pantglâs estate was purchased by David Jones (MP for Carmarthenshire, 1852 – 1868) where he demolished the existing building and built a large mansion at the considerable cost of £30,000.
The mansion consisted of a marvellous Italianate four-storey tower and balcony over classical colonnades forming the entrance at the front. Along the roof was a finely carved stone balustrade interspersed by ornate capitals at regular intervals. Many of the windows were in the Venetian style of the day, while ornamental urns and statuary on the terrace balustrade emphasised its grandiose aspect. The house was situated on an elevation commanding panoramic views over the Cothi and the Tywi valleys. Among the last private residents associated with Pantglâs were Mrs Louise Madeline Maria Spence Jones, daughter of David Jones and her son, Major Cecil John Herbert Spence Jones.
In 1922 Pantglâs Hall was purchased by the Carmarthenshire County Council, which put it to use as an asylum. Sometime after this, Pantglâs Hall came under the control of St. David’s Hospital, and together they formed the largest institution of its kind in the area. Pantglâs Hall Hospital was finally closed in 1965 following a devastating fire. It was demolished in the early 1970s. Fortunately, by this time most of its deeds and manuscripts were deposited with Carmarthenshire Archives.
What is particularly interesting about this document is that visitors who called at Pantglâs Hall were measured for their height and weight with the results (including their age) written into this specially made book. A rather unusual item, it will be of great interest to local and family historians. The item itself is bound in a black leather binding with gilt stamped lettering on upper cover. It has marbled endpapers with printer’s label on the inside front cover. It contains numerous entries in ink and pencil and dates from 1869.
The Pantglâs Hall Reference Book for Height and Weight makes a welcome addition to the Pantglâs Hall collection and is available for public consultation at the Carmarthenshire Archives in Carmarthen. The catalogue is available at: archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/9bb348a2-cfe1-37c7-bb1c-c385e800ba36.
Pantglâs Hall MS Reference Book for Height and Weight, 1869 - [1920]. Courtesy of Carmarthenshire Archives.
**40** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**41**
## **CHRIST CHURCH COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD**
**Euclid, The Elements of Geometrie. Translated into English by Sir Henry Billingsley, with a preface by John Dee (London: John Day, 1570), bought from Forum Auctions (25 November 2021, Lot 517) for £40,500 with the aid of a grant of £13,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Gabriel Sewell, College Librarian, writes:_ Christ Church Library is very grateful to FNL for its generous grant towards this acquisition. In addition to its significance as the first edition of the first complete English translation of Euclid’s _Elements_ , Christ Church was keen to acquire the volume for its rich provenance and the opportunity to bring the book home. The volume had been held by Christ Church Library until some point in the 18th century when it was unfortunately sold as a duplicate and purchased for the Spencer Library by George John, 2nd Earl Spencer (1758-1834), the foremost bibliophile of his era and creator of perhaps the greatest library then in private hands. The agricultural depression of the 1880s compelled his grandson John Poyntz, 5th Earl Spencer (1835-1910), to sell the collection in 1892, when Mrs Enriqueta Augustina Rylands purchased the collection almost in its entirety for the John Rylands Library. The volume was sold in the John Rylands sale as a duplicate in 1988.
The volume is of great significance to Christ Church. It was given to the Library in 1587 by a group of nine students on receiving their Master of Arts degrees and the verso of the title-page records the names of the students. The group includes James Calfhill, headmaster of Durham Grammar School; Edmund Gwyn, Vicar of Market Lavington (and grandfather of Nell Gwynn); and George Limiter, civil servant and solicitor to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster. Christ Church was the first Oxford college to introduce a system of encouraging those graduating to give either a book or money to the Library, but there is much research to be done on how that practice was organised. The practice of students giving books to the Library upon receiving degrees was not codified until the first statutes were written in 1614. Three other examples of books containing group inscriptions (donated in 1583, 1584 and 1585) are still in the Library and the acquisition of this volume provides material evidence of the tradition of group donation and many opportunities for research on library history and the history of collecting, as well as on the content and the circulation of the text itself.
The book is also a witness to the history of mathematical teaching at Christ Church. The Library already holds extremely rich rare book holdings in the field of early mathematics, but mathematical education at Christ Church in the 16th and 17th centuries is quite understudied, partly due to the lack of archival records. The donation of the 1570 Euclid in 1587 might suggest that the group who donated it felt that it was time the College started teaching mathematics in the vernacular, rather than in Latin. We look forward to making this book available for research, enjoyment and public engagement.
Left: Title page of ‘The Elements of Geometrie’. Courtesy of the Governing Body of Christ Church, Oxford.
**42** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**43**
## **FOR CUMBRIA ARCHIVE SERVICE, CUMBRIA ARCHIVE CENTRE, WHITEHAVEN**
**Six documents relating to the Hudleston families of Cumberland, Lancashire and Cambridgeshire, 16th to18th centuries. Bought from Forum Auctions (13 January, 2022, Lot 118) for £1,560 with the aid of a grant of £1,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Robert Baxter, Senior Archivist, writes:_ The Huddleston family was extant, Yorkshire in the mid 13th century. John de Hudleston (died c.1252) married Joan, daughter and heir of Adam de Boyvill, whose ancestor had been granted the Lordship of Millom, Cumberland, by William le Meschin (d. c1134), younger brother of Ranulph le Meschin, Vicomte de Bayeux and Lord of Chester. Descendants included Sir John Hudleston (d. before 1306), a noted soldier and present at the Battle of Falkirk, Sir Richard Hudleston who was at Agincourt, Sir John Hudleston (d. 1493), High Sheriff of Cumberland, who fought in the Wars of the Roses and was Constable of Cockermouth Castle in 1461. His descendant, William Hudleston married Isabel, youngest daughter of John Neville, Marquis of Montagu in c. 1494. By this marriage, William acquired some 12 manors, including two at Sawston, Cambridgeshire. His grandson, Sir John Huddleston (1517-1557), was Sheriff of Cambridgeshire, Member of Parliament and Privy Councillor. Princess Mary stayed a night at his house, Sawston Hall, in July 1553 during her escape to Norfolk and the house was burned by her prospective captor, the Duke of Northumberland. Sawston Hall was extensively extended and remodelled by Sir John’s son, Sir Edmund Huddleston (d. 1606).
The documents, all of which are now held at Cumbria Archive Centre, Whitehaven (reference YDX 767) include the following:
- 1). Letter of attorney of William Hudleston, esquire, 2 October 1500, granting powers to William Hutton, Rector of Egremont, and William Biggyngs, chaplain, to acquire seisin of a tenement in Egremont, Cumberland, called Howbank.
- 2). Quitclaim of William Hudleston, 14 January 1501, of all right in a tenement called Crosslate in Freckleton, Kirkham, Lancashire, to William Hudleston of Millom, esquire.
- 3). Memorandum of the customs of the manor of Sawston, Cambridgeshire, at the court of Sir Edmund Huddleston at Pyratts on 10 October 1587, mainly concerning the keeping of livestock upon the commons.
- 4). Receipt by [Sir] Edmund Huddleston for a lease given to Elizabeth and John Lever of Leyland, Lancashire, of a barn and five acres of land in Leyland, 9 November 1590.
- 5). Original will of Sir Edmund Huddleston of Sawston Hall, Cambridgeshire, 10 December 1603, appointing his wife Dorothy Huddleston his executrix, grants of monies to the poor of various places in Essex, London, Cambridgeshire and Lancashire, legacies of gold rings to his sister and daughters, a quarter or half year’s wages to his household servants, etc. With codicil dated 6 Dec 1606, conveying his manors of Leyland and Farington and the fourth part of the manor of Clayton, all in Lancashire, to trustees to sell the same after his decease.
- 6.) 18th century copy of deed of partition of 4 July 17 Henry VII [1502] of the five daughters, the co-heirs of John Neville, Marquis of Montagu and Isabel his wife, including their daughter Isabel, the wife of William Hudleston, esq., granting various manors and lands including the manor of Sawston, Cambridgeshire.
The documents above will complement other significant collections relating to the Hudleston family held at Cumbria Archive Centre, Carlisle, Lancashire Archives, Cambridgeshire Archives and Durham University.
Letter of attorney of William Hudleston, esquire, 2 October 1500. Courtesy of Cumbria Archive Service.
**44** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**45**
## **FOR DERBY MUSEUMS**
## **A collection of ten quarto publications from the library of the painter, Joseph Wright of Derby, two with his signature, published between 1772 and 1794. Bought from Peter Harrington Rare Books and Manuscripts for £8,550, with the aid of a grant of £6,550 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Lucy Bamford, Senior Curator of Art and the Joseph Wright Collection, writes:_ Derby Museums is deeply grateful to FNL for its generous assistance in the purchase of ten quarto publications from the library of the painter, Joseph Wright of Derby (1734 – 1797). Though best known for his series of dramatic candle-lit interiors, including _A Philosopher Giving that Lecture on an Orrery in which a Lamp is put in the Place of the Sun_ of 1766 (Derby Museums), and _An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump_ of 1768 (National Gallery, London), Wright’s work was remarkably varied, encompassing subjects as diverse as portraiture, landscape, and contemporary events, as well as literature. It is to this latter interest that the publications in this collection speak, the majority being poems and epistles by a range of authors, including William Hayley (1745 – 1820), John Sargent (1750 – 1831), William Mason (1724 – 1797), and Thomas Gisborne (1758 – 1846).
Derby Museums already holds the world’s largest and most comprehensive collection of work by Wright, Designated by the then Museums Libraries and Archives Council (MLA) as a collection of outstanding national significance in 2011. Totalling just over 600 items, the collection comprises works on paper and oil paintings, with a small selection of archival material including some correspondence. This latter group, along with a Wright family mourning ring, comprises the few items that Derby Museums hold that reflect the more personal aspects of Wright’s life and career. The collection of ten publications enhances and complements these holdings, providing as they do a window into Wright’s friendships with numerous poets and writers of the late 18th century, many of whose works in turn influenced some of the choice and treatment of the artist’s paintings.
Each of the publications and their authors can be connected either directly or indirectly with Wright and his work. Wright’s interests in landscape, natural philosophy, and literary subjects can all be glimpsed to some extent in this collection. Indeed, in some cases, the subjects covered by these publications would directly influence the subject matter of his paintings. John Sargent’s _The Mine_ , for example, was to be the subject of a painting planned for Sir Robert Wilmot of Derby (now untraced). Another example is William Hayley’s _Ode to John Howard, Esq. F.R.S. author of “The State of English and Foreign Prisons”_ , which may have been the inspiration behind a series of paintings of prisoners and prison interiors that Wright produced towards the end of the 1780s.
Wright’s wide-ranging interest in literature and literary subjects is represented in the collection at Derby Museums which features subjects from the work Laurence Sterne and William Shakespeare, among others. In many of these works, Hayley’s influence looms large. Conversely, the influence of Wright’s other literary connections and interests are arguably less well understood. Therefore, these publications have the potential to open new avenues of research and increase our understanding of this aspect of Wright’s later life and work.
Access to the acquisition is available via Derby Museums’ dedicated public study room, where it sits alongside Wright’s works on paper as well as archival items, such as a collection of letters written by Wright to William Hayley (an acquisition that was itself funded by the Friends of the National Libraries in 2009). In time, the publications will also be digitised and added to the Museums’ forthcoming online catalogue of the Wright collection, where they will be freely accessible to a world-wide audience.
Joseph Wright’s signature. Image Richard Tailby; courtesy of Derby Museums.
**46** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**47**
## **FOR DORSET HISTORY CENTRE**
## **Documents relating to Thomas Hardy (1840-1928) and Admiral Sir Thomas Masterman Hardy (1769-1839). Bought from Duke’s of Dorchester (22 July 2021, various lots) for £7,218, with the aid of a grant of £5,774 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Sam Johnston, Service Manager for Archives and Records, writes:_ Dorset History Centre added to its holdings relating to literary great Thomas Hardy with generous support from FNL. A key acquisition was a letter dated September 1927 by Florence Hardy to a Mr. Lea of Bockhampton portending Thomas Hardy’s death. This documents the deteriorating health of her husband and she tells of a _‘very able London Doctor’_ Sir Henry Head who had retired to Dorset and who was being particularly attentive to Hardy. Sir Henry had advised that Hardy _‘ought not to see friends or any callers, two days in succession…[as]…the strain of a long conversation is very bad for his heart’_ The letter is poignant in that it was written a little over four months before Hardy’s death on 14 January 1928 of a cardiac-related condition.
The second acquisition is a set of two letters concerning the arrangements of the burial of the author in Poet’s Corner in Westminster Abbey. The exchange is between the Dean of Westminster and the Vicar of Fordingdon, the Reverend Richard Bartelot. The Dean writes to Rev. Bartelot that his decision to permit Hardy’s burial in Poet’s Corner _‘has given rise to a great deal of controversy. I am receiving every day furious protests on the ground that his teaching was anti-Christian and that he himself was not a Christian, that his moral standard was very low, etc.’_ . He goes on to say that having previously ignored the criticism but now he had received a letter from the _‘head of a great religious body’_ so felt compelled properly to respond to Hardy’s detractors.
The Reverend Bartelot replied that although convinced of Hardy’s essential Christianity, _‘he had never been able to penetrate the armour’_ and that _‘he [Hardy] absolutely refused to be “drawn” on religious matters’_ . Hardy’s ashes were indeed interred in Westminster Abbey on 16 January 1928. Underscoring Hardy’s undying associations with Dorset, a spadeful of soil, supplied by a local farm labourer, was sprinkled on the casket.
Also purchased was the author’s proof copy of _The Three Dorset Captains_ at Trafalgar by Broadley and Bartelot, published in 1906. The book, subsequently reprinted several times, discusses the contributions at that critical sea battle of Captains Digby, Bullen and Hardy. The volume is particularly significant because it contains annotated changes to the text along with correspondence between the authors as well as a manuscript letter from Thomas Masterman Hardy, Flag Captain of the Victory. Pasted into the front cover is a short note from Nelson himself (signing himself as the ‘Duke of Bronte’) in which he decries the ‘scoundrels’ who attacked the French ambassador’s carriage (1801).
Other items purchased included glass plate negatives of Thomas Hardy and an 18th century book of manuscript hymn tunes compiled by William Knapp of Poole, music based upon folk songs of the day and a rare and interesting find.
Author’s proof of _The Three Dorset Captains at Trafalgar_ with associated correspondence. Courtesy of Dorset History Centre.
**48** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**49**
## **FOR EAST SUSSEX BRIGHTON AND HOVE RECORD OFFICE**
## **Title deeds, 1589-1834, from Raper and Fovargue of Battle, solicitors, bought on 24 June 2021 from a private vendor for £1,750 and presented by the Friends of the National Libraries**
_Anna Manthorpe, Archivist, writes:_ In 2018 a FNL grant enabled us to purchase at auction five lots of documents, including manorial records, which had been salvaged in about 1970 by the vendor, then a young articled clerk, from the stables in the office yard at Upper Lake, Battle. These are now listed as ACC 13107.
Two years later the same vendor discovered a further deed box which he had overlooked and contacted ESBHRO. Then Covid-19 intervened, and it was not until the summer of 2021 that it was possible to inspect the new material, which was offered to the office for £1,750. We were delighted to receive the continued support of the FNL for this purchase.
The box was tightly packed with over 100 documents, mostly title deeds, ranging in date from 1589 to 1845. A large bundle of deeds for an estate at Netherfield Hill in Mountfield and Battle contains a map of 1623 drawn by the Sandhurst cartographer Martin Pierce, on its purchase by Isaac Hay, whose family owned Glyndebourne on the South Downs. Another bundle reveals that the Nicoll family of Mountfield Place, whose estate included an ironworks, was heavily encumbered by debt in the 17th century.
Detail from a Map of the Battle Abbey Estate by Richard Budgen, 1724-1779 (BAT 4421), compiled after the estate was purchased by Sir Thomas Webster (Battle Abbey is bottom left). Courtesy of ESBHRO.
As one might expect from an archive of prominent Battle solicitors, the richest seam of material relates to the Webster family of Battle Abbey. In 1721 the estate was purchased from Viscount Montague by the London financier Sir Thomas Webster. As well as deeds which document the augmentation of the estate, there is a fascinating inventory of the Abbey, listing the contents of 37 rooms which gives insights into the lives of the residents. This was made over four days in 1751, following the death of Sir Thomas.
The Abbey was the centre of the Battle social scene with Sir Thomas playing the convivial host, and the family of John Collier of Hastings were constant visitors, as mentioned in their letters which are held by ESBHRO (SAY).
Gaming seems to have featured strongly with a billiard table, a backgammon board and a shuffleboard table. Not a single book is listed in the library, although possibly these were separately appraised. The library was in fact more of an armoury, with two blunderbusses, a brass barrel gun by Jackson, and a pair of pistols by Griffin, a broad-sword, and three bullet-moulds.
The family preoccupation with explosives very nearly had fatal consequences. In January 1743, Mary Collier, who was staying at the Abbey, wrote to her mother _‘Mr Godfrey Webster [the younger son of Sir Thomas] got up yesterday morning with an intent to go a shooting and put half a pound of powder over a chaffing dish of coals to dry. When he ....went to stir the powder.... the plate melted and immediately it blew up, threw him senceless on the floor, burst open the door and went out of another room window. He is miserably burnt in face, neck and hands... but the greatest danger is his eyes which they are very much afraid he will lose.’_ (SAY 1794). Fortunately Godfrey seems to have recovered well from his injuries.
Many of the Abbey contents are described as ‘old’ and the total value was £1081 8s 11d – not a very high amount for such a notable residence. Sir Thomas left substantial debts, and a year after his death Horace Walpole observed that _the grounds and what has been the park lie in a vile condition (Duchess of Cleveland, History of Battle Abbey, p 207, 1877_ ).
It would have been sad indeed if these escapees from a major solicitor’s archive held at ESBHRO had been lost, and we are most grateful to the FNL for their support.
**50** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**51**
## **ii) W[illiam] H[ay], A Collection of the Coat-Armours of Diverse of the Nobility and Gentry of England, c1750. Bought from Dean Cooke Rare Books Ltd for £4,050, with the aid of a grant of £3,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Anna Manthorpe, Archivist, writes:_ William Hay (1695-1755) of Glyndebourne was an extremely interesting owner of the estate, the archive of which is held by the office, who overcame severe personal difficulties. The only surviving son of William Hay (1669-1697) of Glyndebourne and his wife Barbara (16611700), Hay was orphaned as a child. He was brought up first by his maternal grandparents, and then by an aunt, Mary Dobell. He went on to Oxford, matriculating at Christ Church on 20 March 1712, but left in 1715 without taking a degree.
In 1714 he was admitted to Lincoln’s Inn and, in 1715, to the Middle Temple. His legal studies were cut short by an attack of smallpox which damaged his eyesight. Hay already suffered considerably disability – he had been born a hunchbacked dwarf and stood under 5 feet in height. Nevertheless, he went on to gain considerable acclaim as a writer and parliamentarian.
In his twenties Hay travelled widely in Britain and on the continent and undertook extensive work on the gardens at Glyndebourne. In 1728 he embarked on a career as a minor ‘man of letters’, publishing anonymously his _Essay on Civil Government_ , a vigorous defence of the revolution settlement of 1688–9 and of Whig principles. In 1731 he married Elizabeth Pelham (1709-1793), daughter of Thomas Pelham of Catsfield Place, Sussex, and a cousin of the influential Duke of Newcastle. Hay became MP for Seaford in January 1734 representing Newcastle’s interest, remaining an MP until 1753. The issue to which he devoted most attention was the reform of the poor law, a subject of recurrent debate during his twenty years as an MP.
Hay’s fame with contemporaries rested primarily on works published in the last years of his life, the most popular, and possibly most interesting, of which was Deformity: an Essay (1754). This ground-breaking discussion of his own physical disabilities attracted some critical acclaim.
This innovative manuscript Ordinary of Arms, compiled c1750, precedes Papworth’s famous _Ordinary of British Armorials_ (1874) by well over a century in arranging material according to blazon rather than name. Earlier works essentially grouped together types of shield which were illustrated by painted examples, but no attempt had been made to produce a complete ordinary. But without such a reference work heralds could not be sure that a particular pattern had already been granted. Hay divides his material into three categories: ‘Things peculiar to Science’, including metals, colours, furs and divisions of the field; ‘Things Natural’, including fruit, flowers, parts of the body and creatures; ‘Things Artificial’, including crowns, books, letters, cups, furniture and buckles. There are notes listing the sources from which he compiled his work. This meticulous heraldic study seems have been compiled over a short number of years at the end of his life.
In 1754 Hay was appointed Keeper of the Records of the Tower of London, perhaps reflecting his interest in antiquarian study, and he died at Glyndebourne in 1755. This acquisition serves to illuminate the life of one of its owners who achieved a distinguished career despite considerable disability.
Detail of title page. Courtesy of East Sussex, Brighton and Hove Record Office.
**52** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**53**
## **FOR ESSEX RECORD OFFICE**
## **Map of Beckingham estates in Tolleshunt D’Arcy and Tolleshunt Major in Essex by John Walker, dated 1616. Bought for £3,000 in private sale from family descendants and presented by Friends of National Libraries.**
_Richard Anderson, Archives and Collections Lead, writes:_ The survival, discovery and purchase of this map is of great importance to the Essex Record Office, which is indebted to the Friends of National Libraries for generously covering the full cost of its private purchase from the former owner.
In the 1960s the County Archivist of Essex, K.C. Newton, and his deputy, A.C. Edwards, wrote a lavish analysis of two Jacobean Essex cartographers, both called John Walker, which was later printed as _The Walkers of Hanningfield: Surveyors and Mapmakers Extraordinary_ (Chelmsford, 1985). The Walkers produced during the period 1584 to 1628 some 35 beautifully coloured and surveyed unique maps. The maps are prized, in Newton and Edwards’ words, as “a corpus of outstanding Elizabethan and Jacobean estate maps by two gifted cartographers”, and more than half of the originals have come to be preserved at Essex Record Office in Chelmsford.
However, Newton and Edwards were at a loss to find any information about the whereabouts of the 27th in chronology of the 35 maps. It had not been seen since 1925 and all they could conclude was “Original now lost”. Made for the estate owner Stephen Beckingham, it was known to cover 266 acres in the two adjoining parishes of Tolleshunt d’Arcy and Tolleshunt Major, and to be characteristic of their colourful approach, but a black and white photocopy was all that was ever to be available for historians. It was wonderful therefore when in November 2020 it was revealed that the original map had been behind glass on the wall in the home of direct descendants of the Beckingham family and was now available for sale.
The colouring of the map has been remarkably well preserved given that it had hung on a wall for so long. As will be apparent from the image, at some point during the 20th century, part of an 1876 Ordnance Survey at 6 inches to the mile was framed with it. Usefully this has been marked with the field boundaries of the Walker map as they later appeared. The map has now been removed from its frame and the Ordnance Survey map retained with the original in a single encapsulation after conservation at the Essex Record Office, ensuring that the whole item is available for viewing on request in the searchroom for future users.
This map of Tolleshunt d’Arcy and Tolleshunt Major is not just an elegant artefact but a source for domestic architecture, cartographic history and local studies. The Essex Record Office intends to mark its acquisition through an article for the Friends of Historic Essex, as well as making the image available through Essex Archives Online. It is unlikely that the opportunity to acquire a map by John Walker will ever emerge again and it is thanks to FNL that it can be kept publicly and permanently available at the Essex Record Office.
Map of Beckingham estates in Tolleshunt D’Arcy and Tolleshunt Major in Essex by John Walker, 1616. Courtesy of Essex Record Office.
**54** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**55**
## **FOR ETON COLLEGE**
**The Archive of Sir Malcolm Arnold (1921-2006). Bought from the family via Sotheby’s for £150,000, with the aid of a grant of £20,000 (awarded in 2020) from Friends of the National Libraries together with a donation of £30,000 given via FNL.**
## _**This award was made in 2020 and accounted for in that year, but the purchase was not completed until 2021.**_
_Michael Meredith, Librarian Emeritus, writes:_ The family archive of the composer Sir Malcolm Arnold, recently acquired by the Eton College Library, is rich, varied and extensive. It consists of autograph scores of fifty-five of his major orchestral and chamber works, including two symphonies and thirteen concertos. There are manuscripts of six choral works and the music for twenty-five films and TV programmes, as well as much music for solo instrument and for voice. Also included in the archive are fifty important autograph letters to Arnold from luminaries of music and the arts (including important letters from Benny Goodman and David Lean), six scrapbooks of press cuttings compiled by the composer, as well as a collection of photographs of Arnold throughout his life. There is a valuable amount of printed material too, among it published scores of Arnold’s own work and several of his contemporaries.
This remarkable archive augments a significant Malcolm Arnold collection already owned by College Library. This includes the autograph scores of three of his symphonies, three sinfoniettas and incidental music to Shakespeare’s _The Tempest_ , as well as a number of important drafts of works in progress. The family archive, together with the existing collection here, accounts for 90% of Arnold’s known surviving oeuvre. Its acquisition allows the library to become the centre for Malcolm Arnold studies. The new archive also strengthens the library’s twentieth century musical holdings, which include works by Benjamin Britten, Hubert Parry, Peter Warlock, George Butterworth and Alan Hoddinott.
In addition to being open for research by musicologists, scholars and students, the archive will also be available for study by the music departments of Eton and its partnership schools, as well as being used in Eton’s music outreach programmes. Eton College has, with the Malcolm Arnold Trust, hosted a successful yearly competition of performances of his work by secondary school pupils and the library continues to welcome research by entrants in the Malcolm Arnold Essay Prize competition open to students under 19. The opportunity for young people, as well as established scholars, to consult original manuscripts will be one of the more important results of the acquisition of the archive.
The College Library is extremely grateful to the Friends of the National Libraries, not only for their financial aid, but for their encouragement and help in guiding us towards other possible benefactors. We have received support from so many people in enabling us to acquire this important archive, at a time when Covid was sweeping the country and it wasn’t easy to raise money. They have enabled the Arnold archive to stay in Britain in its totality. We cannot thank them enough.
Malcolm Arnold and a selection of his autograph scores from the collection. Reproduced by permission of the Provost and Fellows of Eton College’.
**56** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**57**
## **FOR HERSCHEL MUSEUM OF ASTRONOMY (HERSCHEL HOUSE TRUST), BATH**
**Visitors’ book for the Herschel house in Datchet, written by Caroline Herschel, 1783-1792. Bought from a private collector for £6,000, with the aid of a grant of £5,000 from Friends of National Libraries.**
_Izzy Wall, Assistant Curator, writes:_ On the 13 March 1781 William Herschel discovered the planet Uranus using a homemade reflector telescope from his home at 19 New King Street in Bath, now home of the Herschel Museum of Astronomy. This discovery doubled the size of the known solar system, and was the first new planet to be identified since antiquity. At the time William was a musician and amateur astronomer, but his discovery propelled him to fame and he was appointed personal astronomer to the King (George III) the following year.
This vellum bound notebook was used by his sister Caroline Herschel to record visitors to the Herschels’ house in Datchet, where they moved in 1782 following William’s royal appointment. It contains the names of many highprofile visitors who came to see William and his telescopes, including George III & Queen Charlotte. The pages record further visits by members of the royal family alongside leading British and foreign scientists and engineers including, Alexander Aubert, Abraham-Louis Breguet, Jean-Dominique, comte de Cassini (Cassini IV), Henry Cavendish, Benjamin Franklin, Jan Ingenhousz, Giuseppe Piazzi, John Playfair, Joseph Priestley, Sir James Edward Smith, James Watt, and W.H. Wollaston. The book also records visits by other prominent figures such as Cesare Beccaria, Edmund Burke, Charles Burney, the Chevalier D’Éon, Sir William Hamilton, Joseph Haydn (during his first visit to Britain in 17911792), Pasquale Paoli, and Richard Brinsley Sheridan.
The visitors’ book has been on loan to the Herschel Museum of Astronomy since 1996 and is a highly popular exhibit. Early in 2021 the book’s owner announced their intention to sell the manuscript and made an offer of a private sale to the Museum. We are very grateful to the Friends of National Libraries for their support, enabling this acquisition by the Museum. Many of the objects on display at the Museum are on loan from other museums and private collections. This manuscript book is first object created by either William or Caroline Herschel to be acquired by the Herschel Museum of Astronomy.
Caroline Herschel, also a musician, became her brother’s astronomical assistant before becoming an eminent astronomer in her own right, and the first professionally paid female scientist in England. In addition to revealing the fame William received, this visitors’ book also demonstrates Caroline’s significant involvement in his achievements. It is the Museum’s ambition for her work and life to become equally central to the narrative as that of her brother, and the acquisition of this visitors’ book will significantly contribute to that ambition.
Detail of the Visitors’ Book. Courtesy of the Herschel Museum of Astronomy.
**58** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **59**
## **FOR HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT SCOTLAND ARCHIVES**
**A collection of drawings, manuscripts and engravings assembled by publisher and antiquarian John Britton (1771-1857) relating to the architecture and restoration of Rosslyn Chapel. Bought from Bonhams (31 March 2021, Lot 20) for £7,012, with the aid of a grant of £2,384 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Veronica Fraser, Archives Acquisitions and Loans Manager, writes:_ This volume came to light during research for the Rosslyn exhibition at the National Gallery of Scotland in 2002, and was subsequently the subject of an article by Angelo Maggi ‘Documents Relating to Roslin Chapel: a recently discovered collection of papers by John Britton’, published in _Architectural Heritage_ XIII, 2002.
Rosslyn Chapel, Midlothian, is a collegiate church established by William Sinclair, the 3rd Earl of Orkney, around 1450. It is unique in Scotland for the wealth of its carved decoration; it is encrusted in Late Gothic foliage types and naïve secular and religious figures, creating a beautiful and mysterious interior which has inspired architects, writers and artists, and given rise to speculation on its associations, including the Holy Grail. Wordsworth wrote about the chapel and it featured in Sir Walter Scott’s epic poem, _The Lay of the Last Minstrel_ , describing its ‘every pillar foliage bound’ and ‘every rose-carved buttress’.
Section through nave with geometrical figure based upon a circle, John R Thomson, 1840. © Historic Environment Scotland (Rosslyn Chapel Album).
The volume entitled ‘Documents Relating to Roslin Chapel’ comprises papers presumably collected by John Britton, the architectural publisher and antiquarian (1771-1857). It has 57 leaves and features drawings, engravings and letters collected by and sent to Britton. He had commissioned plates of the chapel for _The Architectural Antiquities of Great Britain_ in 1812, and had also given a lecture on it to the Royal Institute of British Architects in January 1846. The contents of the album relate firstly to the creation of the illustrations for the published volume, and secondly to a debate regarding the restoration and history of the chapel.
For _The Architectural Antiquities of Great Britain_ , Britton invited the draughtsman and architect Joseph Gandy (1771-1843) to draw plates of Rosslyn Chapel. Gandy travelled from London to Scotland in September 1806; the album features 12 of the drawings made at that time in order to execute the finished illustrations in Britton’s volume. Though not all of the drawings present lead to published illustrations, the drawings and a sketchbook in the Sir John Soane Museum, demonstrate how Gandy worked in the field to acquire the information for finished illustrations. The chapel’s architecture and atmosphere also inspired Gandy’s watercolour, Tomb of Merlin (1815).
The contents of the album also document contemporary thoughts regarding the restoration and history of the chapel. The 3rd Earl of Rosslyn carried out a restoration of the chapel, which had fallen into disrepair; he employed the architect William Burn (1789-1870) between 1837 and the mid 1840s. However, the changes to the appearance of the chapel, and perceived issues with the building process, angered the artist David Roberts, for whom the chapel and its setting were a great source of inspiration. Britton’s lecture in 1846 proved a catalyst for Roberts’ views, correspondence and illustrations in the album demonstrate their subsequent debate regarding the chapel’s history and archaeology. The album includes the evidence compiled by Britton from his circle of correspondents, including Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832) and the architect of the Scott Monument in Edinburgh, George Meikle Kemp (1789-1844).
HES is delighted to be able to make this wealth of information available to researchers and is grateful to the Rosslyn Chapel Trust for advice at the time of purchase.
**60** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **61**
## **FOR THE HOLST VICTORIAN HOUSE, CHELTENHAM**
## **Hand typed autographed letter from composer Gustav Holst to photographer Herbert Lambert, 1923. Purchased for £500 and presented by the Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Laura Kinnear, Curator, writes:_ Gustav Holst hated signing autographs and loathed having his photograph taken; the trappings of celebrity something he despised and literally ran away from, often dodging fans who clamoured for a piece of him. Images taken at the height of his fame in the 1920s following the phenomenal success of _The Planets_ show a stiff, scowling Holst, at odds with his oft-reported humorous side. The exception to these images were those taken by the photographer Herbert Lambert (1881-1936), who suffused his studies of Holst with his characteristic light and shade. Taken in the early 1920s, his series of bromide prints reveal Holst at his desk, absorbed in a document but also gazing at the camera in what can only be described as a relaxed pose, his head supported by his hand, a glimmer of a smile on his lips. This particular image has become one of the most famous of the composer, frequently used for covers of CDs and books.
The Holst Victorian House has several original photographs of Holst taken by Lambert in its collection. What it didn’t have until now – thanks to the generosity of the Friends of the National Libraries - was any correspondence associated with Lambert. The letter, which has been purchased for the collection with a full grant, offers valuable insight into the relationship between artist and sitter. Holst writes with gratitude and warmth about a present from Lambert – presumably, a book which he also refers to. It is likely that the book is Lambert’s _Modern British Composers_ , published in 1923 and featuring Holst.
Interestingly, Lambert was also a musician, specialising in making early keyboard instruments such as harpsichords and clavichords. Holst was also drawn to early music and perhaps this shared interest enabled Holst to feel more at ease, thus enabling Lambert to take such an exceptional set of images.
Above: Gustav Holst; Opposite: The Lambert letter. Courtesy of Holst Victorian House.
**62** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**63**
## **FOR HORSHAM MUSEUM**
## **i) Two Frederick DuCane Godman Library catalogues, c.1870 and c19001918; the Godman annotated album of botanical watercolours c 1880. Bought from Burwood Books for £5,400, with the aid of a grant of £2,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Jeremy Knight, Curator, writes:_ Some seven miles from Horsham lies South Lodge, now a hotel, but originally the home of Frederick DuCane Godman, who designed the family home, using his wealth from brewing interests. Being independently wealthy, his life was spent on philanthropy, research and collecting. Today his collection of Persian pottery enhances the British Museum, whilst his natural history collections, particularly in the field of ornithology, can be found in the Natural History Museum, his orchid collection at Kew. Prior to the acquisition of the Godman Library Catalogues and Album, Horsham Museum held nothing on him. This changed after Horsham District Council’s Horsham Museum and Art Gallery set out to make better known locally and nationally this important scientist and collector. Working with members of the Godman family, British Museum, Natural History Museum, the Museum will create a collection and exhibition along with a research project using the privately held archives, that will see its fruition in 2023 and beyond.
The current owner of the residual library (sales had occurred in 1990s and early 2,000) sold off parts of the library in 2019 at Christie’s and to the dealer Nigel Burwood. This included three items not listed on his ABE entry, but through correspondence, the dealer told the Curator about. That is a Frederick Du Cane Godman & Osbert Salvin Library catalogue, a Catalogue of the Library at South Lodge and an album of 43 botanical illustrations.
Fortunately the Museum received grants from the Arts Council England/V&A Purchase Grant Fund, the Friends of the National Libraries, the Friends of Horsham Museum and a private donor, whilst Nigel Burwood graciously reduced the price enabling the Museum to acquire these three important items. The Museum is the right home for the catalogues and the album as the library building still exists at the heart of South Lodge, though denuded of books, and the album shows just how the library was used whilst also being a great work of scientific art.
These important items will help future researchers explore the mind of one of this country’s greatest collectors/explorers.
Frederick is not known as a bibliophile, yet his numerous publications show a real interest in the book crafts and this can be explored further with the library catalogues. The Ornithologist Osbert Salvin & Godman Library catalogue contains manuscript entries, cut and paste printed slips, a working tool to a jointly shared research library. We think on Salvin’s death the catalogue entered South Lodge Library where it remained until sold. The South Lodge Library Catalogue is a grander affair, neatly bound and in manuscript, it lists number, title, author, date of publication, with space for additions made after around 1900.
Godman was interested in illustrations; both as works of art and works of science; he collected outstanding examples such as the Gould watercolours of birds. The album the Museum has just acquired reveals another interest, botanical illustration, an area that the Museum already has a strong interest in and holds a collection of contemporary examples complemented perfectly by this album.
One of the botanical illustrations. Courtesy of Horsham Museum.
**64** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**65**
## **ii)** _**The Life of Thomas Munn**_ **, 1750. Bought from Justin Croft for £675 and presented by Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Jeremy Knight, Curator, writes:_ Horsham Museum and Art Gallery has an archive of legal manuscripts dealing with criminal cases in the 18th and early 19th centuries at the Town courts and County Assizes. This rare chapbook publication (four are held in libraries worldwide), a “deathbed” confession of a highwayman and robber appealed to the Museum as it gave voice to a criminal whose activities occurred in Horsham. However, Thomas Munn’s reflective and self-aware account provided a much richer tale which had a number of links to the town and Museum’s collections, including brick making, Morris dancing, town solicitors, poaching, and rabbit breeding, all important aspects of the town and districts cultural life in the 18th century.
Thomas was born in Kent in 1705 to a brickmaking family; this was a newly flourishing industry as houses were being upgraded from wood to brick. Munn had “trudged” to Horsham to meet up with fellow brickmaker Ned Langley. Having left behind an unhappy “mistress” Ned had “got a Wife” for him. This potential wife was a 70-year-old widow worth £1,300 to £1,400. Munn describes in the woman is his account as follows, “I instantly observed the poor old Soul could not bite me, because she had ne’er a Tooth in her Head, which made her kiss might soft”. However, a local solicitor also wanted to marry her and as Munn outlines, the solicitor visited the widow on the pretext of borrowing £20. She then “daddled up Staires with him, and seem’d to be long enough there to have tried a Cause”. As a result of this visit Munn gave up his suit and the Solicitor, who loved money more than the widow, married her according to the booklet, “it was a very unhappy Match.”
Though Thomas was a brickmaker and Horsham had some 18th century brickmaking sites, this is the earliest known mention of a brickmaker in the town. Unfortunately, we do not know where Ned Langley worked. The account goes into the practices of the time, such as making bricks during the summer and then finding other employment in the winter months. Ned worked in St Leonard’s Forest, protecting the rabbit warrens from poachers. Thomas didn’t like the work, finding it too cold and too dangerous lying in the forest at night “coney-catching”,
so he learnt to play the flute and to dance and went into Sussex to become a dancing master. He “got a set of Young Fellows as undiscerning as myself… to go with me Morris-dancing, as it is called in that County”. This is one of the earliest references to the pastime. However, some three years later after leaving Sussex Thomas was back in the area, making bricks at Henfield, a village some seven miles from Horsham. He then turned to crime.
What attracted the national and international press was the gay seduction that almost took place in Southampton, between Thomas Munn and the publican’s son.
The Friends of the National Libraries awarded the Museum a full grant to buy this important account with Justin Croft, the dealer who found the booklet in an American auction, giving a discount on the price.
Detail of the ‘Life of Thomas Munn’. Courtesy of Horsham Museum.
**66** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**67**
## **FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF HUDDERSFIELD**
## **The Mark Hinchliffe Ted Hughes Collection. Bought from the family of Mark Hinchliffe for £103,245, with the aid of a grant of £20,000 from Friends of the National Libraries (of which £10,000 from the Larkin Fund.**
_Dr. Steve Ely, Director of the Ted Hughes Network, writes:_ The Mark Hinchliffe Ted Hughes Collection, “one of the finest [Hughes collections] in private hands, and a rival to those deposited in a number of University libraries on both sides of the Atlantic”, (Simon Cooke, _The Private Library_ , 5:4, Winter 2012), has been acquired by the University of Huddersfield, with the help of a generous grant from the Friends of the National Libraries. The collection was assembled by the late Mark Hinchliffe (1960-2019) between the mid-1970s and 2019, and was offered for sale to the University of Huddersfield by his widow, Julie.
The Ted Hughes Network was founded by the University in 2016, and has quickly established itself as a centre of excellence for Hughes-related research, teaching, public engagement, and creativity.
Mark, a lifelong resident of Huddersfield, was a significant figure in the international Ted Hughes scholarly and collecting communities, a member of the Ted Hughes Society, a founding member and chair of the Elmet Trust (the charitable body that administers the ‘Hughes’s Birthplace’ in Mytholmroyd), a key figure in the development of the Ted Hughes Poetry Festival in the Upper Calder Valley, a scholar and a published poet. The archive will be deposited at Heritage Quay, the University’s archive, where it will be made available to researchers and members of the public.
The collection comprises 172 items, including: signed first editions of dozens of Hughes’s trade, limited-edition and fine-press publications; original letters written by Hughes and his first wife, the poet Sylvia Plath; signed and annotated books from Hughes’s personal collection, and some absolutely unique items: a very fine ceramic jaguar sculpted by Hughes in 1967, the only intact example anywhere in the world of Hughes’s work in the plastic arts; a copy of the Cambridge literary magazine _St. Botolph’s Review_ (1956) containing four poems by Hughes and signed by contributor and Hughes’s
long-time friend Daniel Huws (the launch party of the magazine was famously the occasion when Hughes met Plath); an album containing hundreds of photographs, including some previously unknown photographs of both Hughes and Plath; a holograph manuscript of ‘Orpheus & Eurydice’ (broadcast as _Orpheus_ by the BBC in 1971 and in 1973) with some significant differences to the broadcast and published versions, and, a bespoke edition of the Gehenna Press’s limited edition _Howls & Whispers_ , comprising the original fine-book plus a ‘making copy’, eight original watercolours by Leonard Baskin and a unique copper-plate, engraved portrait of Sylvia Plath by Baskin,
The University of Huddersfield already holds three other Ted Hughesrelated deposits: the Donald Crossley Papers, the Christopher Reid Papers and a comprehensive collection of Hughes’s fine and small press work. The addition of the Mark Hinchliffe Ted Hughes Collection to these existing deposits establishes the University’s collection at Heritage Quay as internationally significant and an essential resource for Ted Hughes scholars. The University plans to engage non-academic users with the collection by arranging public-facing events—a symposium, talks, poetry readings, exhibitions, creative writing workshops and events for young people are planned.
The University would like to thank the FNL, not only for its generous donation, but for the help, support and advice provided by Nell Hoare which alerted us to additional funding streams that we were able access to secure the collection.
Letter from Ted Hughes to Mark Hinchliffe, 1978, responding to a letter Mark had written to him as a sixth former. An edited version of the letter is included in Christopher Reid’s ‘Letters of Ted Hughes’ (Faber, 2007). Courtesy of the University of Huddersfield.
**68** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **69**
## **FOR THE JOHN RYLANDS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER**
**Bible, in Latin. Strasbourg: [Johann (Reinhard) Grüninger,] 26 April 1497. Bought from Christie’s (14 July 2021, Lot 110) for £6,075, with the aid of a grant of £2,250 from Friends of the National Libraries (B.H. Breslauer Foundation Fund).**
_Julianne Simpson, Collections and Discovery Manager, writes:_ The John Rylands Research Institute and Library (JRRIL) is very grateful to the Friends of the National Libraries for its generous grant to support the acquisition of this late 15th century Latin Bible published in Strasbourg by the prolific printer Johann Reinhard Grüninger. This copy contains signs of English ownership from the 16th century onwards, and perhaps was present in England from its publication, providing vital evidence for the import trade of books into England during this period. The volume was subsequently owned by George Kenyon of Peel Hall Lancashire and then by descent through the Kenyon family until its sale, as part of a selection of early English books from the Gredington Library, at Christie’s in July 2021.
In addition to short inscriptions and doodles on the title page and other blank pages, this copy has been extensively annotated throughout (also with underlining and manicules), probably by one of its early identified owners. This is likely to be Lawrence Langley, from a prominent Manchester family, who matriculated at Brasenose College Oxford in 1588. Several books owned and annotated by Langley have survived, another one already at the Rylands and also at Chetham’s Library in Manchester. These also show evidence of later 17th century ownership from the North West of England.
The timely acquisition of this volume will contribute to the work of a new AHRC Collaborative Doctoral Award postgraduate student. This PhD project, supported by the JRRIL and Chetham’s Library, on ‘Early Modern Readers in North West England’ will commence in September 2022.
Top: Title page of 1497 Latin Bible with quote from Augustine and signatures of Lawrence Langley and Jame Hyet. Right: Late 17th century English binding in black goatskin with elaborate gold tooling. Courtesy of University of Manchester
**70** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**71**
## **FOR THE KENT HISTORY AND LIBRARY CENTRE**
## **A Booke of Receipts for the Mannour of Sunderidge, 1677-1717. Bought from Dominic Winter Auctions (17 February 2021, Lot 167) for £402 and presented by Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Sarah Stanley ACR, Service Manager, writes:_ The Kent History and Library Centre has recently acquired a receipt book for the manor of Sundridge with the aid of a grant from the Friends of the National Libraries.
The volume’s title page describes it as ‘A booke of Receipts of all the Quitt rents, Heriotts, Aliena[c]ions, Reliefs, Amercements and other P[er]quisites belonging to the Mannour of Sundridge in the County of Kent’. The manor of Sundridge or Sundrish comprised the whole of the parish of Sundridge, most of the parish of Chiddingstone and part of the parish of Hever, and covered nearly 8,000 acres in all. The volume has sections for Sundridge Upland and Sundridge Weald which were separate manors by 15th century.
The earliest accounts, for 10 October 1677, record the collection of rents and estreats from tenants in the Weald. The last page in the volume, also relating to Weald, has the date 20 November 1714, but the book’s arrangement is not strictly chronological and the latest entry dates from 16 March 1717/18.
Sundridge manor was acquired by John Hyde (1611-1677) of Sundridge Place in about 1640. He was succeeded as lord of the manor by his nephew Humfrey Hyde (1636-1719) and the entries for 1680 include the receipt of £10 16s for three years’ quit rent due the previous Michaelmas “… by order of my Brother Sr B. [Bernard] Hyde…”.
The receipts relate to payments of quit rents, usually for periods of several years and in arrears, reliefs and heriots. By this date, many of the quit rents were clearly nominal, often no more than a shilling or two for several years’ rents. A heriot became due when a tenancy was transferred as well as on the death of a tenant and although it should have been the tenant’s most valuable animal a money payment could be taken instead. Often this was a fixed amount of 3s 6d, but there are also references to payments in lieu of specific animals, such as 4s for a ‘hog’ and £1 for a mare.
The volume will be of interest to both family and local historians and its entries are a rich source of both personal and place names. To cite just a few examples, in 1680 Robert Watts paid 3s 6d for seven years’ quit rent for a tenement called Jefferies which he had purchased from Widow Barr of Bromley and in 1683 Lydia Cronck paid 3s 6d for a heriot, 4d for a relief and 1s 9d for outstanding quit rents for “Sounds Hawe (being one cottage & a field)” which she had inherited from Widow Philips, her grandmother. Also in 1683, Mr Lynn paid £1 10s for six years’ quit rent for the White Horse public house. There are several other entries for the White Horse, including a reference to the manor court being held there in 1717.
The Kent History and Library Centre already had a transcript of the entries for 1677-1690 (TR3917/1) but this volume is a valuable addition to our holdings.
A detail of the Lydia Cronck entry. Courtesy of the Kent History and Library Centre.
**72** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **73**
## **FOR LEICESTERSHIRE, LEICESTER AND RUTLAND RECORD OFFICE**
**Court Books of the manorial courts (courts leet and baron) of Great Bowden and Market Harborough, 1708-1868. Bought from Locke and England (28 January 2021, Lots 322 & 323) for £1,270 and presented by Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Robin P Jenkins, Senior Archivist, writes:_ Despite the restrictions enforced during the coronavirus pandemic, we were able – through the generous support of the Friends of the National Libraries – to purchase a small but significant collection of Market Harborough and Great Bowden manorial records covering the period from 1708 until 1868. The collection has been accessioned as DE10001 and a full description may be found in the Record Office’s on-line catalogue.
The seven volumes which make up the bulk of the collection are split between the two allied courts; both in the ownership of the Durrard (or Durrad) and Bliss families, and later the earls of Harborough. As they include the business of both courts leet and baron, the volumes are rich in local names; recording the tithingmen and officials of the court, those concerned in presentments and amercements, as well as many transfers of land.
More names were recorded on a list of pensioners of the Harborough Charity Estate (and the payments each received) from January 1838, which was found interleaved in the Great Bowden Court Leet book from 1809-1823. Records of the Lords of the Manor of Market Harborough and Great Bowden Charity were already held at the Record Office (ref. DE5233).
Of rather more importance, however, is the fact that this purchase reunites the seven court books with that of the Great Bowden and Market Harborough Manor Court for the period 1804-1827 (which was deposited earlier as DE4067/2); thereby nearly doubling the coverage of the Great Bowden Court Leet in public possession.
This is a particularly pleasing new acquisition. It arrives close on the heels of the Leicestershire (and Rutland) part of the newly updated and improved Manorial Documents Register and also in the wake of the cataloguing of a major deposit of Market Harborough and Bowdens Charity and Town Estate records. This deposit (DE8743) dovetails perfectly with the newly arrived manorial records to provide an unusually complete picture of life in Market Harborough and Great Bowden towards the close of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century and a wonderful field for study. It is perhaps significant that the final item in the collection is a pamphlet, of 1868, devoted to a new scheme for the management of the Market Harborough Town Estate.
We are grateful for the financial assistance of the Friends of the National Libraries and for the attentive support and efficiency of their Secretary, Mrs Nell Hoare.
The Court Books of Great Bowden and Market Harborough. Courtesy of Leicestershire, Leicester and Rutland Record Office.
**74** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **75**
## **FOR MEDWAY ARCHIVES CENTRE**
## **Account books of Arnold Tuff & Grimwade (predecessor and successor firms). Bought from Forum Auctions (February 2021, Lot 123) for £250 and presented by Friends of National Libraries.**
_Elspeth Millar, Manager & Archivist, writes:_ Medway Archives Centre and the Friends of Medway Archives Centre are grateful for the assistance of the Friends of National Libraries in purchasing from Forum Auctions nine account books from solicitor firms in Rochester who operated (in a variety of different partnership set-ups) from the 18th century through to the 20th century.
The National Archives Sales Monitoring Team alerted us in February 2021 to the account books at auction and we are grateful for the speed at which FNL replied in confirming that financial assistance would be available to the Friends of Medway Archives Centre (FOMA) to make a purchase.
The auction listing stated the account books were of the firm Arnold Tuff & Grimwade. However, after delivery of the books, inspection and research, the collection of accounts books are in fact from the solicitor’s firm when they were in a variety of different partnerships models.
The earliest date we have tracked the firm to is 1849, when they were Essell, Hayward & Essell. They became Essell & Hayward by 1858; then Essell, Knight & Arnold by 1865; Knight, Arnold, Essell & Baker by 1891; Arnold, Essell & Baker by 1890; Arnold, Baker & Day by 1897; Arnold, Day & Tuff by 1913; and Arnold, Tuff & Grimwade by 1928.
Although the firms listed above were always described in contemporary accounts as solicitors, the individual partners were also notaries and always held various public officer roles (such roles as clerks to the county magistrates; clerks to the Wardens of Rochester Bridge; clerks to the Dartford and Strood Turnpike; registrars of the Archdeaconry of Rochester and Tonbridge; and clerks to the governors of various local schools). The partners’ individual roles are reflected in the account books.
The account books provide an interesting overview of professional activities of a local, and long-standing firm, as well as an insight into the economic, social, and ecclesiastical networks of the 19th and 20th century in the Medway area. For example, as the firm were registrars to the Archdeaconries of Rochester and Tonbridge it is possible to get a late 19th century insight into tithe payments due, and therefore information about land tenancy and use. Another interesting entry of note includes the sale of Woodlands House, Gillingham, to the inventor Louis Brennan in 1892.
Medway Archives Centre already holds, on permanent loan, some material from Arnold Tuff & Grimwade (and predecessor and successor firms) and the addition of these account books provides supplementary sources for the study of this historical firm and their impact locally. We would like to thank FNL for allowing us to add these additional records to the collections at Medway Archives Centre.
Extract of page from an account book for the firm Arnold, Essell & Baker (Ref. DE547). Courtesy of Medway Archives Centre.
**76** Friends of the National Libraries
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**77**
## **FOR THE NATIONAL GALLERY RESEARCH CENTRE**
**Richard Ford: Collection of autograph letters, correspondence and printed books relating to Ford’s interests in Spain and Spanish art. Bought in a private sale via Forum Auctions for £37,500 with the aid of a grant of £12,500 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Alan Crookham, Research Centre Manager at the National Gallery, writes:_ Richard Ford (1796-1858) was an English writer, collector and amateur artist. In 1830 he visited Spain and over the next three years in the country he made over 500 drawings, one of the most complete pictorial records of Spanish cities and their monuments before the advent of photography. From 1836 Ford contributed a number of lengthy reviews to the Quarterly Review, several of them on Spanish subjects. This led the publisher John Murray to invite Ford to write the _Hand-book for Travellers in Spain_ (including an account of the pictures in the Prado that runs to over 17,000 words). When the book finally appeared in 1845, it was an immediate success and was followed a year later by Ford’s _Gatherings from Spain_ .
The collection of papers and books was assembled by a recognised Ford scholar who has published on this subject. It divides into four principal areas:
While the Library already has a notable collection of rare and early travel books on Italy and the Low Countries, holdings on Spain were much more limited. The Ford-related archives will prove significant for the Gallery’s work on the history of buying, collecting and display, particularly in the field of collecting Spanish art in the 19th century. Along with William Stirling-Maxwell, Richard Ford was a major figure in this field and the acquisition of this collection can be used to underpin future doctoral research projects and potential collaborations with higher education institutions.
Founded by Parliament in 1824, the National Gallery is one of the finest art galleries in the world, housing the nation’s collection of historic European paintings, and it is also a pre-eminent centre for the research of paintings in the Western European tradition from the 13th to the early 20th century. Established in 2013, the National Gallery Research Centre, of which the Library and Archive form a part, supports the Gallery’s research strategy and ensures that our resources are made available to as wide an audience as possible. The papers and books are in the process of being catalogued: the archive (ref. NGA48) will be made available to the public via www.nationalgallery.org.uk/research/ research-centre/archive/search; the library catalogue will be available at library.nationalgallery.org.uk.
- Over 45 rare books on travel in Spain, either by Ford or from his library collection dating from the early 16th to the 19th centuries.
- More than 200 collected letters to/from Ford and notable artistic and literary figures, e.g. Dominic Colnaghi, Anthony Panizzi, Charles Eastlake, Edward Lear, George Borrow, Thomas Lawrence, Anna Jameson, John Murray, John Everett Millais, etc.
A selection of books and archives relating to Richard Ford. © National Gallery.
- 20th/21st century research papers and correspondence with scholars, e.g. with Richard Ford’s descendant, the art historian Brinsley Ford.
- A sketchbook of watercolour views by Richard Ford and a number of etchings and drawings.
The acquisition of this collection of library and archive material helps support research on the Gallery’s collection and will raise awareness of the historic interest in Spanish art. One painting formerly owned by Richard Ford is now in the collection: Francisco Ribalta, _The Vision of Father Simón_ (NG2930). The acquisition has significantly contributed to the Library’s collection of early travel books by strengthening the representation of Spain in this area.
**78** Friends of the National Libraries
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**79**
## **FOR THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF SCOTLAND**
## **The Chronicle of Fortingall, compiled in the second half of the 16th century. Bought from Lyon & Turnbull, Edinburgh (18 May 2021, Lot 3) for £26,000, with the aid of a grant of £5,200 from Friends of the National Libraries (B.H. Breslauer Foundation Fund).**
_Dr Ralph McLean, Manuscripts Curator (Long 18th Century Collections), writes:_ On 18 May 2021, the National Library of Scotland, with the help of the Friends of the National Libraries and the B.H. Breslauer Foundation, was able to buy at auction the manuscript known as the Chronicle of Fortingall. This volume, long out of public sight and yet of the greatest significance for the study of Highland history, was our most exciting manuscript acquisition of the year. The purchase of the Chronicle received wide attention in the media and met with a positive, often heartfelt response from many members of the public.
Originating in an area and period from which few informal documents survive, the Chronicle is a rare and important witness to the cultural and political outlook of educated bilingual Gaelic speakers in the mainland Highlands of Scotland. The manuscript was written between ca. 1550 and 1579 by a circle of scribes based in Fortingall, Highland Perthshire. It contains annals covering several centuries, which are initially copies of earlier sources but then continued within the writers’ own times. These are complemented by miscellaneous shorter texts in the style of a commonplace book. Throughout, the language of the manuscript alternates between Scots and Latin, with some text in Gaelic. The chronicle part focuses on the fortunes of Highland families and deaths of individuals, but it also covers matters of national interest, such as the events surrounding the forced abdication of Mary, Queen of Scots. Comments on severe weather and the resulting hardship and food shortages are also found in the annals.
The volume was preserved in the archives of the Campbell Earls of Breadalbane. While the main Breadalbane archive was gradually transferred to the National Records of Scotland in the course of the 20th century, the Fortingall manuscript remained in private hands in a separate branch of the family. An edition of the manuscript by Cosmo Innes was published in 1850
and for over a century and a half remained the only accessible version of the text. It provided a reliable transcription of the contents but rearranged the annals and omitted parts of the miscellany. With the manuscript now available for study, the complete text can be analysed in its original arrangement. A digital version will be publicly available on our website in 2022.
The scribes belonged to a family of MacGregors whose members regularly served as priests in the Fortingall area. From internal evidence, one of the main scribes can be identified as Dubhghall MacGregor, vicar at Fortingall from 1544. Dubhghall was the son of James MacGregor, Dean of Lismore, whose collection of Gaelic poetry, known as the Book of the Dean of Lismore, is the Library’s single most important Scottish Gaelic manuscript (Adv.MS.72.1.37, first half of the 16th century). The Chronicle of Fortingall is closely associated with the Book of the Dean of Lismore, showing some overlap in contents as well as the same multilingual scribal competence. Both volumes make use of a similar, unusual Gaelic spelling system.
A page from the annals, recording in large letters the death of Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll.
**80** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **81**
## **FOR NORTH YORKSHIRE COUNTY RECORD OFFICE**
## **Court Rolls for Hensall 1600-1639. Purchased at Dominic Winter Auctions (16 June 2021, Lot 148) for £2,522, with the aid of a grant of £1,135 from the Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Margaret Boustead, Head of Archives and Records Management writes:_ Thanks to generous support from the Friends of the National Libraries, North Yorkshire County Record Office was able to secure at auction a series of early 17th century court rolls for the manor of Hensall.
Hensall is a village lying at the very extremity of North Yorkshire, approximately eight miles from Selby, and south of the River Aire. Although not a separate ecclesiastical parish until 1855 and created a civil parish only in1866, it can trace its roots back to the Domesday Book in which it is named as Edeshale.
The manuscripts consist of two rolls written in Latin: one of 16 stitched vellum membranes and the other of 5 stitched vellum membranes, each measuring 60 to 80 centimetres in length and 28 centimetres wide. The larger roll comprises the record of 47 courts held between the years 1600 and 1623, with four further courts for 1626, 1633, 1635 and 1639 on the smaller roll.
The rolls give a fascinating insight into the structure of land holdings in the manor. They include records of land transactions and references to the old manorial strip system of farming. A bounder of the lordship is recited in 1601 and a valuable manorial survey is included in the 1626 roll, naming the tenants of the manor, and giving details of their lands and the rents due to the Lord. Repeated references to woodland indicate its importance to the local economy with heavy fines issued for any despoliation.
Family relationships are revealed through the land transactions. Heirs are named and occasionally, when a person is under 21, their age is given. The status of major tenants, such as the Haram family, soon becomes clear. In some cases, the rolls record something akin to a family settlement. In one interesting entry of 1618, a property is to pass on death to the testator’s brother and nephew with the unusual condition that the brother is to administer charitable payments of 40 shillings to the poor people of Snaith, Cowick, Hethensall (Hensall) and Whitley, for a period of years.
**----- Start of picture text -----**
The Hensall court rolls, 1600-1639.
Courtesy of North Yorkshire County Record Office.
**----- End of picture text -----**
We are also given a rare glimpse into the daily life of the manor. Tenants are fined for offences including not ringing their pigs, not fencing their lands, uprooting woodland, using other men’s strips as rights of way and overstocking the common. There were clearly many disputes between the Lord of the Manor and one Charles Salmon, whose offences included cutting the Lord’s woodland and digging up the dividing baulks, but the outcome was perhaps inevitable. Salmon’s lands were seized and he was forced to pay a heavy fine and to make a public apology at Court before they were returned to him.
Digital copies of the court rolls will also be made available for study at the Yorkshire Archaeological and Historical Society, which also made a generous contribution to the purchase.
**82** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**83**
## **FOR PERTH AND KINROSS ARCHIVES (CULTURE PERTH AND KINROSS)**
**Lord Provost’s Visitors’ Book for the City and Royal Burgh of Perth, 1945-51, with related scrapbook. Bought in a private sale via Chaucer Auctions for £2,750, with the aid of a grant of £1,375 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Ishbel McKinnon, Archivist, writes:_ This small collection comprises a visitors’ book and scrapbook belonging to Lord Provost John Ure Primrose (19011985) who was Provost of the City and Royal Burgh of Perth from 1945 to 1951. Together they shine a light on events taking place in the burgh in the years immediately following World War II, a period of national reflection, reconciliation and rebuilding.
The visitors’ book is a leather-bound volume containing over 950 signatures of official visitors to the burgh, including members of the royal family, politicians, military personnel, singers, actors and others. The scrapbook contains associated telegrams, letters, newspaper cuttings and photographs.
Many visitors to the burgh in this period were political or military figures, such as Sir Winston Churchill who was awarded the Freedom of the City of Perth on 27 May 1948. There were also several trade and sporting delegations, such as the Canadian Curling Team which visited in January 1950 and envoys from Perth, Australia whose visit in summer 1950 formed the foundation for a successful and long-standing town twinning relationship between the two cities. Well-known American actress, Greer Garson, made a fleeting but much publicised visit in February 1950 to purchase a pedigree shorthorn bull for her Mexican ranch at the world-famous annual Perth Bull Sale. Local newspapers made much of the event and photographs of the pair accompany several articles - her signature in the visitors’ book is the only one penned in bright pink ink.
Photograph of Greer Garson with a pedigree shorthorn bull bought at Perth Bull Sale, February 1950. Copyright Perthshire Advertiser.
Initial concerns about how the collection came to public auction have been alleviated through discussion with Perth’s present Lord Provost who informed us that it was past practice for Lord Provosts to retain these quasi-official records as a memento of their service. With this in mind, we shall keep our eyes peeled for similar records appearing in the future.
Signature of Greer Garson, 16 February 1950 (Ref Acc 21/7). Courtesy of Culture Perth and Kinross.
The collection complements the institutional Archive of the City and Royal Burgh of Perth by giving an alternative perspective on civic events taking place in the burgh from that which is recorded in the official archive. It had travelled far from its roots, being offered for sale by an auction house in Kent, in March 2021. Joint support from the Friends of the National Library and the National Fund for Acquisitions enabled us to secure its purchase, for which we are extremely grateful.
**84** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**85**
## **FOR QUEENS’ COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE**
**Harvey, W. W. (William Woodis), Sketches of Hayti: From the Expulsion of the French to the Death of Christophe (1827). Bought from Katterskills Books for £753, with the aid of a grant of £453 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Dr Tim Eggington, Fellow Librarian, writes:_ We are extremely grateful to the Friends of the National Libraries for their generous contribution towards our recent purchase of _Sketches of Hayti_ [Y.1.8] by William Woodis Harvey (17981864). Written up by Harvey whilst a student at Queens’ College (1824-7), this book provides an eyewitness account of the aftermath of what was perhaps the most important event in the history of enslavement, the revolution of 1791-1804 that occurred in Haiti (on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola). There, for the first time in history, a violent uprising of enslaved people had brought about the establishment of a new nation state, thereby offering a stark warning to all those who continued to profit from slavery and heralding the possibility of an end to the slave trade. Published at a key moment within the wider context of 19th-century Britain’s debates on slavery, Harvey’s personal account was clearly intended as a means to promote his own abolitionist agenda.
Born in Penzance, Harvey’s early calling as a Wesleyan preacher led him to undertake missionary work in Haiti where he resided from 1818 until 1824. There, he was able to witness the aftermath of the revolution that had occurred following an initial uprising in 1791 in the wake of the French Revolution. Following the combined efforts of both former slaves and colonists to repel British attempts to capture Haiti in 1793-8, independence was proclaimed in 1801 under the rule of the charismatic and formerly enslaved, Toussaint Louverture. He was famously abducted by the French in 1802 following the arrival of a huge fleet despatched by Napoleon to re-take the state and re-impose slavery. Whilst Louverture was taken to France and left to die in a castle, Napoleon’s army was repelled through the resourceful leadership of the formerly enslaved, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, who as president signed a new ‘declaration of independence’ addressed to the people of ‘Hayti’ in 1804.
Harvey claimed that his account drew on his own ‘personal observation’, ‘frequent conversation with the natives and white residents’ and intimacy with ‘those who had dwelt in’ the palace of Henri Christophe (another of Haiti’s early rulers) in order to relate the remarkable events that had followed the declaration of independence. These sources, he believed, had furnished him with ‘more satisfactory answers to such inquiries as naturally suggest themselves concerning a free and independent body of negroes, than could be collected from the occasional notices of their state which appeared in periodicals and gazettes, or from any history that has been written respecting them’ (p. viii-ix). Over 400 pages Harvey set out what he saw as the successes of the Haitians in establishing a state founded on institutions of law, education and industry. A key objective for Harvey was to counter arguments prevalent amongst his compatriots at the time that saw the enslaved people from African as ‘destined by providence to live in subjection to us, and to administer to our pleasure’ (p. 216). On the contrary, Harvey saw in Haiti: ‘a people newly escaped from slavery’ and ‘laudably endeavouring to lay the foundation of an empire, which may perhaps be compared hereafter with nations the most celebrated for their civilization and refinement (p. vii-viii). This copy featured prominently in our Old Library exhibition on slavery (March 2021) which formed part of the college’s ongoing Queens’ College Legacies of Enslavement Project.
Engraved frontispiece of Harvey’s _Sketches of Hayti depicting Cap-François, now Cap-Haïtien_ . Reproduced by kind permission of the President and Fellows of Queens’ College, Cambridge.
**86** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**87**
## **FOR THE RIBA DRAWINGS & ARCHIVES COLLECTIONS, VICTORIA & ALBERT MUSEUM**
## **Archive documenting the construction of the headquarters of the Refuge Assurance Company in Manchester, bought from a private vendor for £3,000, with the aid of a grant of £1,250 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Susan Pugh, Curator, writes:_ The RIBA is very grateful to the FNL for its generous support towards our purchase of the Refuge Assurance Company archive. We are delighted to have acquired the archive as it complements and supplements existing records within our drawings and manuscripts collections, in particular that for two past RIBA Presidents, Alfred Waterhouse (1830-1905) and his son, Paul Waterhouse (1861-1924).
The Refuge Assurance Company was founded in 1858 by James Proctor and George Robins in Dukinfield, Cheshire. It soon grew to become the major insurance company based in the North West and in 1890 Proctor employed the nationally celebrated architect, Alfred Waterhouse to design a new headquarters building in Manchester. Alfred’s son, Paul, joined him in practice in 1891 and together they completed the building design.
The archive contains a very significant collection of approximately 90 letters (dated 1891-5) between the client Proctor, and his lead architect, Alfred Waterhouse. Accompanying this correspondence are other business documents, trade press and a large collection of later papers relating to the development of the rest of the island site owned by Refuge Assurance, as they diversified their business interests by constructing packing warehouses to rent. These later structures were designed by less known, regional architects, Harry S. Fairhurst and John Dent Harker, both of whom were Associate Members of the RIBA.
The archive was offered to the RIBA through a private sale. It had been acquired in 1987 when the vendor purchased several items of furniture from the auction of the contents of the Manchester offices of the Refuge Assurance Company plc following their closure.
The Waterhouse/Proctor Refuge Assurance correspondence spans more than five years of the building project, discussing key subjects from the original purchase of the land for development and the initial building design, through to detailed aspects of its construction, fittings and furniture, and even the use of flags on the building. Proctor was very concerned with the image of Refuge Assurance and how the brand was to be portrayed on the building. A common theme through the correspondence is Proctor’s desire for the company name to be incorporated within the building’s structure. The correspondence also reveals Proctor was very aware of the rival insurance company, the Prudential. The ‘Pru’ had offices across the country, which, significantly, had also been designed by Waterhouse.
Although the RIBA holds a major collection of Waterhouse drawings and manuscripts (over 20,000 items for structures across the UK, including Prudential offices), there was nothing previously for the Refuge Assurance building, which was one of Waterhouse’s major schemes within Manchester, the city in which he first began practicing architecture. The file of correspondence between Waterhouse and his client will therefore be a great addition to the RIBA’s holdings, complementing its existing collection for the architect, which is one of our most requested collections by readers in our Study Rooms. The archive will also hold great interest for researchers in architectural, social and economic history. It will be of particular use for research in to the evolving notion of corporate identify expressed through buildings. Furthermore, it is potentially an excellent resource for business historians interested in how a provincial business (Refuge Assurance) could learn lessons from one with a national spread (the Prudential), as well as showing how an insurance company boosted its income from premiums by investing directly in commercial development on its own property.
Above: Letter by Harry Fairhurst to Mr Proctor, 9 December 1905. Courtesy of the RIBA.
**88** Friends of the National Libraries
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**89**
## **FOR THE ROYAL ENGINEERS’ MUSEUM, GILLINGHAM, KENT**
## **Manuscript diary of the Anglo-Zulu War, 1878-1879. Bought from Bonhams (30 March 2021, Lot 23) for £12,750, with the aid of a grant of £5,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Sam Jolley, Assistant Curator, writes:_ The Anglo-Zulu War (1879) was fought between the British and the Zulu kingdom of Cetshwayo kaMpande. It is one of the foremost campaigns of imperial expansion into Africa, with victory enabling British political and economic aims in the region. This 170-page manuscript diary, with sketches and albumen prints, records the experiences of an Officer or Non-Commissioned Officer in the 5th Company, Royal Engineers during this conflict.
Internal evidence shows the diary was written by a member of 5th Field Company, Royal Engineers - the company that lost so many men at Isandlwana and with whom John Chard VC, the commanding officer at Rorke’s Drift, served. The family believe the author was Lieutenant Archie MacDonald, although no such officer existed in the Corps at the time. However, the contents of the diary actually imply the author is a Sapper, not an officer. Despite the author’s anonymity, the diary is a marvellous narrative detailing the movement and experiences of a section of 5th Field Company during the Anglo-Zulu War.
The diary begins with 5th Field Company’s departure for South Africa in December 1878 during the preparations for war, and follows the author through to June 1879. The author was not in the section of 5th Field Company at Isandlwana, although he dedicates many pages to rumours and reports on the actions there and at Rorke’s Drift - an invaluable source for those studying the contemporary views and the subsequent myths. The author also encounters survivors retreating from the battle. During the campaign the author travels extensively around the theatre, and events include encountering a Zulu prisoner put on trial as a spy, meeting Louis-Napoléon, and assisting in the re-fortification of Rorke’s Drift. Reference is made to the deaths of two captains in his company and, interestingly, the suicide of a member of the Mounted Police. The author reports also reports on a British infantry supply convoy killed in their sleep by Zulu soldiers. Multiple references are
made to the hardships and tensions of the campaign, with one wagon fort described as “a slaughter house [more] than a place of defence”, and also the inevitable complaints against leadership that occur in military memoirs during a campaign turned sour. The diary ends in June, when the author was involved in a friendly fire incident alongside John Chard VC.
Complementing the narrative are seven pen and ink diagrams, including military encampments and forts from the author’s journey, and a print of another artist’s sketch of Isandlwana.
It is a beautifully written diary, which records life on campaign and the quintessential Royal Engineer role: building fortifications. The writing is remarkably clear and legible, and the diagrams modest but informative. Personal diaries and memoires from the Anglo-Zulu War are sparse, particularly those written by Royal Engineers.
Second-hand account of the Battle of Rorke’s Drift and a view of Isandlwana Hill. Courtesy of the Royal Engineers’ Museum.
**90** Friends of the National Libraries
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**91**
## **FOR SHROPSHIRE ARCHIVES**
## **Minute book of the Loyal Hope of Netley Lodge, 1840-1865. Bought from Halls Auctioneers, (6 October 2021, Lot 85), for £432 and presented by Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Sal Mager, Senior Archivist, writes:_ A rapid response from the Friends of the National Library to a request for funding enabled Shropshire Archives to acquire at auction the Loyal Hope of Netley Lodge minute book for £432. Dating from when the Lodge was opened on 1 January 1840, the minutes chronicle 25 years of activity and provide fascinating insights into life in the local community.
Although the terminology used, referring to “Brothers”, “Grandmasters”, sashes, aprons and other regalia, suggests that the organisation was an official masonic lodge, there is no record of it as such. An entry referring to it as a “Sick Benefit Society” confirms that it was one of the numerous friendly societies that sprang up during this period, providing crucial support in times of sickness or other impediments to work. Apart from a couple of later financial documents, no other records are known to have survived from this particular lodge. It confirms how such societies were often closely modelled on their masonic counterparts. One entry of 1840 records how a past Vice Grandmaster was fined five shillings for “Disclosing the secrets of the order”. Other penalties imposed include a “brother” being “suspended from all Benefits of the Lodge for not paying for his Sash & Apron in Due Time”, a fairly common occurrence.
A particular value of the volume lies in its detailed first-hand accounts of interactions in the community, presented in the form of testimonies made during investigations into its members’ alleged misdoings. One witness relays how someone threatened to “knock my Head of[f] my shoulders if I said any more” when he caught one member digging in their garden whilst claiming to be ill. Landladies were said to exclaim “Lyeing old Monkey” and “Wicked Man to say such a thing” when told that their lodger had claimed to have been ill for three weeks.
One of the longest accounts records investigations into allegations of misconduct by Thomas Heighway, a former Provincial Grand Master of the Lodge, providing a fascinating insight into the intertwined relationships of family, personal and social life at this time. The accusation is that Thomas is
“living in Adultery with a girl called Harriet Jones” along with her three children who it is claimed are his. The situation had been “talked on for years” but the recent action which caused “a great deal more talk” was Mr Heighway fetching them out of the workhouse to live at his father’s house. In his defence, Thomas pronounces that none of the children are his, claiming that he is supporting them on behalf of another man, whose name he has promised not to disclose. He finishes by saying “You had better send for the Girl and ask who is the Father of the Children”. Frustratingly, we don’t get to hear Harriet’s side of the story, although both her uncle and her brother testify claiming “she was a steady girl until Heighway cast his eye on her” and “he has been the ruin of her”. It was unanimously agreed that Thomas was guilty of the charge against him; he was expelled from the lodge.
The volume contains many more fascinating accounts of alleged misdeeds as the self-styled brothers and grandmasters of the lodge performed the role of judge and jury over those who were accused of acting with impropriety. We are grateful to be able to bring this manuscript into the public domain where it can serve to enrich the wealth of real life stories which local, family and social historians can draw upon.
First page of the minute book recording the opening of the lodge and its inaugural meeting. © Shropshire Archives.
**92** Friends of the National Libraries
Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **93**
## **FOR THE SPALDING GENTLEMEN’S SOCIETY**
## **Lincolnshire Acre Books 1598, 1620,1640. Bought from Forum Auctions (25 March 2021, Lot 34) for £1,000 and presented by Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Tom Grimes, President, writes:_ This book was purchased by Spalding Gentlemen’s Society for its archive collection using a generous grant from FNL. It is a manuscript of 206 pages and has four sections. The first three are acre books of Pinchbeck (1595), Spalding (1617) and Cowbit (1640), all written in different secretary hands. The fourth section consists of seven pages of indexes compiled in the 19th century. The sections were bound into the book in the early 19th century.
Each of the acre books shows the areas of the lands and their owners. The Pinchbeck section also shows the tenants of each land holding. The book has been digitised, and will be transcribed in due course. We expect the information to be useful to genealogists as well as to historians of farming in the area.
Acre books were compiled for tax purposes. The ownership of the land was recorded with the information needed to calculate the taxes payable by each owner. This was particularly important in the low-lying areas of Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire, where the landowners benefitted from the work of the authorities who managed the drainage and raised taxes to facilitate their work. These authorities were known as the Court of Sewers, where the word “sewers” is used to mean waterways, whether natural (rivers and streams) or man-made drains or canals.
It is clear from some of the annotations in this volume that the Court of Sewers retained and used these records, although some may have originally been collected as a joint enterprise by some of the leading landowners of the area.
The first page of the Pinchbeck section. Courtesy of Spalding Gentlemen’s Society.
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Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**95**
## **FOR STORNOWAY HISTORICAL SOCIETY**
**A letter dated 24 July 1849 from John Munro Mackenzie, Chamberlain of the Lews, to Charles Wilson, architect of Lews Castle. Bought from William George & Co. (18 June 2021, Lot 259) for £483 and presented by Friends of the National Libraries**
_Kenneth Galloway, Volunteer Archivist, writes:_ On 3 June 2021, the Society received a message from a member of the public in Stornoway, alerting us to a lot which had appeared in a forthcoming on-line auction. The question posed was “Do you think Stornoway Historical Society would be interested in bidding for it?” We located the lot on the on-line auction and immediately concluded that this item must be acquired for Stornoway and should be catalogued and stored safely in our archive. Further research revealed the following information in the descriptive text of the lot:
“Entire letter from Stornoway to Glasgow with a Penny Red stamp cancelled by numeral 310 and backstamped at Stornoway and Glasgow ‘p Marquis of Stafford steamer’, therefore despatched by this private steamer operated by David Hutcheson instead of the twice weekly mail packet from Poolewe. An unusual and very scarce ship endorsement on a letter from the Isle of Lewis.”
From this description it was clear that the main target bidding group would include collectors of scarce ship letters. However, further investigation revealed it as a significant piece of literary history pertinent to the town of Stornoway. The writer of the letter was John Munro Mackenzie, Chamberlain of the Lews from 1848 to 1854, and the recipient was Charles Wilson, a distinguished architect based in Glasgow who had designed Lews Castle. The letter described delays in the final completion of the plastering and decorating of the new Lews Castle which, the Chamberlain hoped, would be ready in time for an imminent visit by Sir James Matheson, owner of Lews Castle and proprietor of the Island of Lewis from 1844, with family and guests. The visit would likely have been one of the first by Sir James to his new stately home.
A professional archivist informed the Society about sources of grant aid which may assist us in acquiring this artefact. We chose Friends of the National Libraries. We received excellent guidance and support from FNL, resulting in a successful offer of grant aid on 9 June 2021.
Lews Castle is set in magnificent grounds and gardens overlooking Stornoway Harbour. It remained in the ownership of the Matheson family until the entire Lews Estate and the Castle were bought in 1918 by Lord Leverhulme, a Lancashire industrialist. In 1923, Leverhulme departed from the island, gifting the Castle and its grounds to the people of Stornoway Parish. During WWII, the Castle served as a naval hospital, and the Castle Green provided some accommodation for air and ground crew of 700 Naval Air Squadron, who operated Supermarine Walrus amphibious aircraft from the slipway adjacent to the Castle into Stornoway harbour. In the early 1950s, the Castle became a Further Education College. This was followed by a period of unoccupancy and disuse, during which time the condition of the building deteriorated, and the new University of the Highlands and Islands was housed on a purpose-built campus in the Castle Grounds. The Castle was, by then, in serious structural danger but a grant from National Lottery Heritage Fund enabled its refurbishment and the construction of an annex to house a bilingual museum and archive.
Stornoway Historical Society is indebted to Friends of the National Libraries for providing us with an opportunity to secure an important literary piece in the historic jigsaw of this iconic building. You have clearly demonstrated the validity of your organisation’s motto _“Saving the nation’s written and printed heritage”_ .
Opposite: Lews Castle. Courtesy of Stornoway Historical Society.
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Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase
**97**
## **FOR THOMAS PLUME’S LIBRARY, MALDON, ESSEX**
## **Five missing volumes from Plume’s (1630-1704) library. Bought from Forum Auctions (21 October 2021, various lots) £6,375, with the aid of a grant of £3,000 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Dr Helen Kemp, Plume Librarian, writes:_ The Trustees and Staff of Thomas Plume’s Library would like to thank the Friends of the National Libraries for, once again, providing generous funds for us to replace missing books from our core collection. We were successful in buying five books at auction in October 2021 using grants from the Friends of the National Libraries and the Friends of Thomas Plume’s Library.
Dr Thomas Plume (1630-1704) left his collection of c.8,000 books and pamphlets to the people of Maldon, in a purpose-built library and schoolroom he fashioned from the redundant Church of St Peter. The books are mostly from the 16th and 17th centuries, were printed all over Europe, and encompass a wide range of topics.
Sometime in the early 20th-century, when we were still a lending library, many of our books went missing due, in part, to there being no on-site Librarian. In 1987 a local resident noticed that a book bearing our _Ex Libris_ inscription was being offered for sale in an auction. He clubbed together with some friends and bought the book for the Library. The Librarian then made a careful comparison of the previous two catalogues and noted down details of all the other books which were missing from the collection.
The Friends of Thomas Plume’s Library were then formed and, since that first book was discovered, they have sought to help the Trustees in buying replacement books – in a few cases the originals – but mainly books of the same edition. The value of some of these rare books means that sometimes we need to seek extra funding, and the Friends of the National Libraries have kindly provided assistance to us on a number of occasions.
The auction where we found these five books comprised the third sale from The Fox Pointe Manor Library (the origin of the ten books we were able to purchase last year with the help of the Friends of the National Libraries).
## The books purchased with the grant are as follows:
- Sir Balthazar Gerbier, _A Brief Discourse Concerning the Three chief Principles of Magnificent Building. Viz Solidity, Conveniency, and Ornament_ , first edition, 1662.
- Lucas Jacobsen Debes, _Faeroae, & Faeroa Reserata: that is a Description of the Islands & Inhabitants of Foeroe_ , first edition in English, translated by John Sterpin, printed by F.L. for William Iles, 1676.
- Josephn Georgirenes, _A Description of the Present State of Samos, Nicaria, Patmos, and Mount Athos_ , first edition, printed by W. G. and sold by Moses Pitt, 1678.
- Richard Kirby and John Bishop. _The Marrow of Astrology, 2 parts in 1_ , first edition, printed by Joseph Streater, 1687.
- Miguel de Luna, _The History of the Conquest of Spain by the Moors. Together with the Life of the Most Illustrious Monarch Almanzor_ , first edition in English, 1687.
The books are in very good condition and have some excellent illustrations. We hope that you will come to visit the Library in the future to see these books.
Above left: The volumes acquired. Above right: detail of the The Marrow of Astrology, 1687. Courtesy of Thomas Plume’s Library.
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Acquisitions by Gift and Purchase **99**
## **FOR WORCESTERSHIRE ARCHIVE AND ARCHAEOLOGY SERVICE**
## **Terrier of Thomas Yardley’s lands in Beoley, 1506. Bought from Bloomsbury Auctions (7 December, Lot 55) for £20,800, with the aid of a grant of £9,568 from Friends of the National Libraries.**
_Dr. Adrian Gregson, County and Diocesan Archivist, writes:_ The generous support of the Friends of the National Libraries et al. facilitated the purchase of this small terrier of land owned by Thomas Yardley, dated 1506. Erroneously described as relating to Bewdley, it is actually land at Beoley, north east of Redditch. The error appears to date from earlier descriptions which misread some depictions of Beoley as Bedley. Geographic names in the terrier including Heath Cross, Mapleborough Green and Holt End confirmed the actual location.
The terrier is a beautifully preserved account of Thomas Yardley’s land with a few drawings and scratchy cartoon letters, on two pieces of parchment sewn roughly together, and then again sewn on a cloth binding at the title end. Some 24 estates are referred to in the roll.
It is extremely valuable in terms of information on this area of Worcestershire for which we hold very little from this period. For archivists and researchers this level of information on land ownership outside of the manorial system is rare and of great interest.
Collected as part of the History of Western Script, the value to other bidders appears to have been in relation to the use of Middle English, although this is said to be an unusually late usage. Nevertheless, the language, the style, the characters and the materials all make this a document of greater interest than simply the information content.
The terrier was one of Sir Thomas Phillips’ manuscript collection and may have been of interest in his home county, being based at Broadway, although his collecting habits seem to have been very wide ranging. This document however appears to have been part of the residue bought by the Robinson brothers in 1946 and subsequently sold on eventually to the Schoyen Collection, from where it has now been acquired by Worcestershire Archive and Archaeology Service.
Research is now required on Thomas Yardley and any potential connections with the older manorial links with Pershore Abbey and the Beauchamps, Earls of Warwick.
The Terrier of Thomas Yardley defining his lands in Beoley, Worcestershire, 1506.The document, unrolled, measures 950mm x 120mm. © Worcestershire Archive and Archaeology Service.
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Trustees’ Report **101**
## **Trustees’ Report**
The Trustees present the annual report and the financial statements of Friends of the National Libraries (the ‘Charity’ or ‘FNL’) for the year ended 31 December 2021.
Reference and administrative details of the Charity, its Trustees and advisers are set out on pages 2-3.
## **OBJECTIVE AND ACTIVITIES**
The principal objectives of the Charity, as set out in its constitution, are to promote the acquisition of printed books, manuscripts and records of historical, literary, artistic, architectural, musical or such-like interest by ‘National Libraries’ and to assist them in any other way which the Charity considers appropriate. ‘National Libraries’ are defined to include the national libraries of the United Kingdom and any university, county, local authority or other library, record office, museum or gallery to which the public has access and which in the opinion of the Trustees constitutes a proper repository for any proposed acquisition.
The Charity aims to achieve these objectives through making grants, thus enabling National Libraries to acquire items for their collections that would otherwise be unaffordable. The export of nationally important manuscripts and printed books is often avoided with the help of substantial grants by the Charity. Grants to county record offices, university libraries and other specialist archives play an essential role in enabling those institutions to acquire documents, archives and printed books that are of great importance for researchers, scholars and historians.
## **Grant-making policies**
All grants are given to National Libraries, as defined in ‘Objectives and Activities’, opposite.
The Charity’s two main criteria when awarding grants are the historical, literary and other qualities of the proposed acquisition and its significance to the applicant’s collection. Price, condition and provenance are also taken into account. Each applicant is required to give an undertaking that it will not sell the item newly acquired, will acknowledge the help given by FNL on all matters concerning the item, will keep the acquisition in secure and environmentally sound conditions, and will make it available for the public to enjoy on request if it is not on view at all times.
Grants from the Philip Larkin Fund are made for the restricted purpose of purchasing modern literary manuscripts and archives. The Trustees have the power to spend the capital as well as the income of the Philip Larkin Fund but have decided always to retain a minimum sum of £250,000 in this fund.
Other grants from restricted funds are made from the B. H. Breslauer Foundation Fund, which is used to support the purchase of rare printed books and fine bindings, and from the Smaller Libraries Fund to aid smaller, non-national institutions.
Since its establishment in 1931, FNL has helped over 320 libraries to acquire thousands of items. Scholars, researchers and historians and the general public can study and see the printed books, manuscripts, musical scores, photographs and other items acquired by the beneficiary libraries.
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Trustees’ Report **103**
The Trustees have given careful consideration to the Charity Commission’s guidance on public benefit. FNL’s core objective is to support acquisitions by archives, libraries, universities, museums and specialist collecting institutions. The public benefits that flow from this are:
- i. Saving locally, nationally and internationally significant material for the nation.
- ii. Making it possible for the public and researchers to gain access this written and printed material that would otherwise have been lost to the public domain.
- iii. Supporting the nation’s libraries and enabling them to enrich their collections with acquisitions that would be beyond their resources to acquire without our support.
We believe this greatly benefits the libraries themselves, those who access and use their collections, and also the public realm. These benefits are clearly demonstrated by the essays in this Annual Report.
## **ACHIEVEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE**
## **Grants**
Details of the 38 ‘ordinary’ grants made or committed by FNL in 2021 are given on pages 24 to 99. Their aggregate value was £165,410, of which £147,960 was charged to the Operating Fund, £10,000 to the Philip Larkin Fund and £7,450 to the B. H. Breslauer Foundation Fund.
But the crowning achievement in the year was the successful purchase of the Blavatnik Honresfield Library as described in detail below and elsewhere in this annual report. The purchase price was £15,000,000, but VAT and legal and other fees lifted the total Honresfield cost to £15,095,400. In aggregate, therefore, the Charity made grants in 2021 at the completely unprecedented level of £15,261,885 (2020: £700,264), of which ordinary grants accounted for £165,410, allocated support costs £1,075 and Honresfield £15,095,400.
## **Membership**
## **Main objectives for 2021**
The Trustees’ main objective for 2021 was to make grants from all funds of at least £200,000 excluding any special purpose grants, subject to the level of investment income received in 2021 not being less than that received in 2020. The Charity’s investment advisers, Cazenove Capital Management, were given the investment objective of achieving capital growth with a good level of income and a total return in line with inflation over the medium term.
The support of FNL’s members is vital to its work as a charity. Subscription income enables FNL to award many more acquisition grants than would otherwise be possible. Moreover, members also help to raise awareness of the Charity’s work and the grants that it can give. Whilst all libraries and archives are welcome apply for grants, whether or not they are Institutional Library Members of FNL, membership is certainly encouraged for all those institutions that have received and apply for financial support from the Charity.
The Trustees warmly welcome the new members who joined FNL in 2021. Sadly, a number were also lost through death, resignation or lapsed membership. At the end of 2020 FNL had a total of 637 members; by the end of 2021 this had risen to 1,679. The increase was stimulated by decision to award free membership for the year of 2022 to those who generously contributed towards the purchase of the Blavatnik Honresfield Library and indicated their wish to receive this membership. We greatly hope that these new members value the work of FNL sufficiently to renew their memberships in 12 months’ time.
**104** Friends of the National Libraries
Trustees’ Report **105**
## **The Blavatnik Honresfield Library**
The paragraphs which appear earlier in this report (pages 12 to 23) provide details of the Blavatnik Honresfield Library and FNL’s campaign to save it for the nation. This was, without doubt, the largest and most ambitious project ever undertaken by FNL in its 90-year history.
In summary, when the sale of the library in three tranches was announced in May 2021, FNL successfully encouraged Sotheby’s, the agents for the vendors, to postpone the sale of the first tranche planned for July 2021 in order to give FNL the opportunity to purchase the entire collection outright on behalf of appropriate recipient libraries within the UK. The purchase price was set at £15 million. In December 2021 it was announced that FNL had successfully raised sufficient to acquire the entire library and pay the VAT and legal fees. FNL’s success has ensured that the collection will remain permanently in the public domain and will never be lost overseas or to private collections that are not accessible to the public.
The literary manuscripts by the Brontës, Jane Austen, Walter Scott and Robert Burns in the Blavatnik Honresfield Library have been given to the eight consortium members defined earlier in this annual report. Printed books have been given not only to the consortium members but also to nearly 65 other libraries throughout the UK. In all cases the donated books are enriching collections and, in some cases such as that of Beckford’s Tower, the major donation of 36 volumes formerly owned by William Beckford has been described as transformative.
## **Fundraising**
Despite the predictable difficulties caused by Covid to the fundraising efforts by smaller charities such as FNL, fortune has smiled on the Charity in 2021. Over £15,000,000 was raised to meet the cost of acquiring the Blavatnik Honresfield Library (see pages 12 to 23). FNL, and all the libraries that received donations of manuscripts or printed books are profoundly grateful to our lead donor Sir Leonard Blavatnik who has, with exceptional munificence, match-funded the sum raised by FNL and the consortium institutions from the Blavatnik Family Foundation, an American charitable trust. In recognition
of his generous donation of half the purchase price, the collection is now known as the Blavatnik Honresfield Library. It is an extraordinary donation, the largest ever given to the UK by an individual for a literary treasure, safeguarding for the nation the most significant collection of manuscripts and books proposed for sale in many decades.
The acquisition was also made possible thanks to the vital and generous support of the National Heritage Memorial Fund (NHMF). The NHMF’s grant of £4 million was the largest it has ever awarded towards the acquisition of literary manuscripts since its foundation in 1980.
Success would also not have been possible without the hugely generous support of each of the consortium institutions and of very many funders detailed in on page 17 as well as those who prefer to remain anonymous. FNL is equally grateful to them all. We are also enormously grateful to the thousands of individuals from the UK and overseas who made personal donations to our appeal.
The Trustees of the FNL also wish to thank Lord Dalmeny, Chairman of Sotheby’s UK; Dr David Goldthorpe, Head of Books and Manuscripts, Europe; and Dr Gabriel Heaton, Director, Books and Manuscripts, Europe, for facilitating the acquisition. It was with the help and co-operation of Sotheby’s in countless ways that the acquisition proceeded and was concluded smoothly.
Other than the Blavatnik Honresfield Library, total income from fundraising in 2021, including subscriptions, amounted to £1,107,619 (2020: £1,101,035, which included a major gift in kind of _The Book of Lismore_ valued at £500,000, _see Annual Report 2020, page 15_ ). Among the 2021 donations was a generous gift of £100,000 to the Prince of Wales Fund from the Moulding Foundation, increasing the Fund’s level to more than £1,540,000, as shown in note 17 to the accounts.
The Murray family have been enormously generous supporters of FNL for many years. In 2021, in addition to a significant donation to the Honresfield appeal, the John R Murray Trust gave approximately £778,000 to create the new John Murray Fund. Income from this fund has to be separately identified, but both income and capital can be spent at the discretion of the Trustees. We are enormously grateful to the Murrays for their wonderfully generous support which will have such a positive impact on our ability to support acquisitions in the future.
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Trustees’ Report **107**
The B.H. Breslauer Foundation has also been enormously generous to FNL over very many years. Grants from FNL’s B. H. Breslauer Foundation Fund have, in particular, supported the acquisition of rare printed books and fine bindings. During 2021 a further generous donation of £100,000 was received, lifting aggregate benefactions from the B.H. Breslauer Foundation since 2012 to more than £500,000, which has supported the acquisition of books and bindings to a total value of over £11.5m. The Trustees are indebted to Foundation’s Directors and to its President, Mr Felix de Marez Oyens, who also generously contributes his expertise as a Trustee of FNL. The Trustees are most grateful to all of these donors, and those who prefer to remain anonymous, for their generosity.
## **Legacies**
A number of FNL members have generously remembered the charity in their Wills. During 2021, FNL received a generous legacy of £20,000 from Mrs Pamela Fair.
Mrs Fair went to Newnham College, Cambridge where she read English. Most of her career was spent at Senate House Library, University of London, where she was responsible for rare books. Pam had clear views as to how the collection should be managed and ensured that her ideas were carried through, which included hosting a number of exhibitions. Pam was very happy at the library and made several lifelong friends from her time there. Pam was married to Bryan, whom she met at the library, until his death is 2008. They spent most of their married life living in Dorchester where she stayed until her death on 6th October 2020, aged 96.
In addition to Mrs Fair’s generous legacy, FNL received unexpected further distribution from the estate of the late Alan Gillitt (see _Annual Report 2019, page 11_ ) a former member. The evergreen benefaction of the late David Hall (1947-2015) continues: he was the Deputy Librarian of Cambridge University Library, and left FNL a share of the proceeds of the sale of the residue of his library. In 2021 FNL received almost £1,600.
## **Events and other benefits for members**
Predictably Covid-19 made it impossible in 2020 and again in 2021 to proceed with the customary programme of in-person meetings and visits. The Trustees are delighted to be able to resume the popular FNL visits programme in Autumn 2022.
The Annual General Meeting was held on 23 June 2021 but, because of Covid-19 restrictions on meetings and concerns over the use of public transport, it was held as a closed meeting, without the usual address by a distinguished figure. Members did not attend it in person, but all members were sent the 2020 Annual Report, the notice of Annual General Meeting, a Form of Proxy for voting and an email address for questions. In 2022, the Trustees very much look forward to holding the AGM at the London Library on the evening of 22 June.
The Charity’s website includes information about FNL visits and other events for members, news from the sector as well as a database of all grants awarded since FNL was founded in 1931 (www.fnl.org.uk). FNL can also be followed on twitter (@FNL313).
We continue to be most grateful to the institutions that have been awarded grants in the past and which offer free entry or other concessions to FNL members, helping to make FNL membership more attractive. Organisations that support us in this way include Cambridge University Library, The University of Glasgow Library, Dove Cottage, Milton’s Cottage, the Friends of the Bodleian Library and Seven Stories: the National Centre for Children’s Books in Newcastle.
A number of members have indicated their intention to leave a legacy to FNL in their wills, for which we are most grateful. Any member considering a bequest can find information on our website, www.fnl.org.uk and can email FNL at admin@fnlmail.org.uk. We will be delighted to provide guidance.
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Trustees’ Report **109**
## **FINANCIAL REVIEW**
As the financial statements set out following this report show the constituent funds of the Charity separately, each is given separate comment below.
## **The Smaller Libraries Fund**
In 2021 the Smaller Libraries Fund received income of £250 (2020: nil). It was decided to transfer the balance of £875 in this fund to the new John R. Murray Fund and to close the Smaller Libraries Fund.
## **The Operating Fund**
The unrestricted Operating Fund records all the income and expenditure of FNL, except the restricted and endowment funds. In 2021, the total income of this fund amounted to £204,462 (2020: £232,805).
Subscription income amounted to £43,481 (2020: £33,773), an encouraging increase. Other donations and legacies amounted to £35,675 (2020: £89,455). Investment income fell by approximately 5% from £120,705 to £114,398.
Thirty-eight ‘ordinary’ grants were paid or committed by FNL from the Operating Fund in 2021. The aggregate value of grants awarded from this fund amounted to £148,972 (2020: £148,893).
Expenditure on the costs of running the Charity borne by this fund fell slightly to £37,620 (2020: £39,842. After taking into account all income and expenditure, the net surplus in the Operating Fund amounted to £17,870 (2020: £44,070). This sum was transferred to the General Endowment fund.
## **The B. H. Breslauer Foundation Fund**
Since 2012 the B.H. Breslauer Foundation, the President of which is Mr Felix de Marez Oyens, a Trustee of FNL, has generously made a series of grants to FNL to be added to its B.H. Breslauer Fund. In 2021 a further grant was received from the Foundation of £100,000 (2020: £38,505). Two grants, totalling £7,450 were awarded by FNL from its B.H. Breslauer Fund in 2021 (2020: £51,312), and the balance of this fund at the year-end was £102,912 (2020: £10,362).
## **The John R. Murray Fund**
Towards the end of 2021, John R. Murray Charitable Trust gave a munificent £778,213 to create this new fund. Its income has to be separately identified, but both income and capital can be spent at the discretion of the Trustees. This fund received the closing transfer of £875 from the Smaller Libraries Fund. It paid no grants in 2021 and the balance of this fund at the year-end was £779,088.
## **The Philip Larkin Fund**
In 2021, the Philip Larkin Fund received investment income of £9,092 (2020: £11,129) and paid one grant amounting to £10,000 (2020: £nil). After investment management fees of £1,704 and unrealised gains on investments contained in this fund of £28,905 (2020: unrealised losses £14,441), the balance of this fund at the year-end was £346,223 (2020: £319,930).
## **The Endowment Funds**
The General Endowment Fund, which is expendable, comprises the accumulated unrestricted reserves of the Charity. In 2021 £17,656 was transferred from the Unrestricted Operating fund and investment management fees of £18,209 were charged to the Endowment fund. In addition, the financial statements record unrealised gains on the investment portfolio of £334,631 (2020: unrealised losses of £99,098). The General Endowment Fund amounted to £2,766,863 at the year-end (2020: £2,432,785).
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Trustees’ Report **111**
The Permanent Endowment funds comprise the Golden Jubilee Appeal Fund and the Prince of Wales Fund. They represent incoming donations and grants which cannot be expended by the Charity but all income arising from the investment of these funds is added to the Operating Fund. During 2021 a generous gift was given to the Prince of Wales Fund amounting to £100,000 (2020: £439,303). At the year-end, the Prince of Wales Fund stood at £1,540,283 (2020: £1,440,283), and the total of the Permanent Endowment Funds stood at £1,639,001 (2020: £1,539,001).
## **The balance sheet**
The balance sheet on page 119 shows net assets at 31 December 2021 of £5,664,087 (2020: £4,302,703), comprising the investment portfolio at its market value of £4,491,099 (2020: £3,869,819) and net current assets (mostly cash, less commitments to make grants) of £1,172,988 (2020: £432,884).
The investment portfolio at the year-end and the movements between 31 December 2020 and 2021 are summarised in note 7 on page 123.
## **Statement of cash flows**
The statement on page 120 shows that proceeds from the sale of investments in 2021 amounted to £4,369,499 (2020: £991,948) and that £4,627,243 (2020: £1,120,726) was spent on the purchase of new investments. Details of the cash flows are given in note 7 on page 123.
The second significant factor in relating the Charity’s cash balances to its net income or expenditure is the extent to which the grants committed to in each year have been paid by the end of the year: the timing is completely outside the Charity’s control. The extent of such unpaid commitments increased by £10,075,644 (2020: decrease of £17,125), representing the portion of the purchase price for the Honresfield Library payable in 2022, thereby also increasing the cash balances and debtors at the year-end.
## **Auditors**
At the Annual General Meeting held on 23 June 2021, Mr Gregory Stevenson, of Knox Cropper LLP, London, was re-appointed as Auditor.
## **Policies on investments and reserves**
The Trustees have adopted a total return investment policy, intended to maximise total returns whilst accepting a medium degree of risk. The investment portfolio is managed by Cazenove Capital Management Limited, which selects the charity’s investments. Towards the end of 2021, the investment portfolio was switched into the Cazenove Responsible Multi-Asset Fund. This is a long-term investment fund with a diversified strategy investing in equities, bonds, property and alternative assets. The Fund aims to provide income and capital growth in excess of the Consumer Price Index + 4% per annum (net of fees) over rolling ten-year periods. The switch was completed in the first quarter of 2022.
Save for the restricted funds and the Permanent Endowment funds, which are identified in the balance sheet on page 119, all the Charity’s reserves are regarded as an expendable endowment fund and are shown under that heading in the financial statements. This fund is normally represented by investments in order to produce a reasonably predictable and regular level of income. The Trustees regard this as necessary to maintain and support the Charity’s operation.
Any deficit on the Operating Fund is made good by a transfer from the General Endowment fund and any surplus is transferred to that fund.
## **Risks and uncertainties**
Some years ago, the Trustees identified that the principal risk to the Charity was that FNL’s financial resources could become inadequate to meet an increasing level of applications for grants from libraries and other institutions. The creation of the Prince of Wales Fund in 2017, which has now reached £1.54 million, and of the John R. Murray Fund in 2021 has helped to mitigate this risk by generating additional investment income.
Furthermore, the Trustees recognise that there is a risk to the Charity’s reputation should it make grants for acquisitions which suffer from uncertain provenance or which carry other problems of condition, value or suitability. The Officers of the Charity, and the Trustees as a group, pay particular attention to these factors when considering applications for grants.
**112** Friends of the National Libraries
Trustees’ Report **113**
## **STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT**
## **Constitution**
The Charity is governed by a constitution adopted at the annual general meeting held in June 1995. The present constitution is based on the constitution originally adopted at the first annual general meeting held in June 1932 and consolidates all subsequent amendments.
## **Trustees**
The Trustees of the Charity are the Chairman and Honorary Treasurer, together with nine elected and seven _ex officio_ Trustees. The Charity’s Secretary, who is also the fundraising consultant, is not a Trustee.
The Chairman and Honorary Treasurer are elected at the annual general meeting for a term of one year. The elected Trustees serve for a term of three years. Each _ex officio_ Trustee holds office for as long as he or she holds the position indicated against his or her name on page 3.
Candidates for election as a Trustee are proposed by the Trustees or by members of the Charity from their personal or professional contacts who are knowledgeable in the fields falling within the Charity’s scope, or who have knowledge or experience which can help the Charity to achieve its objectives. New _ex officio_ Trustees meet these criteria by virtue of their office.
New Trustees are provided with a detailed briefing about the Charity (its history, aims and work) and supplied with key documents, including Charity Commission guidance for Trustees.
_ex officio_ Trustee until his retirement from the post of National Librarian at the National Library of Scotland; in October 2021 FNL welcomed Amina Shah, John Scally’s successor, to the Trustee board.
Members of the General Council, whose names appear on page 3, are appointed by the members at an Annual General Meeting. They act in a consultative capacity, either individually or collectively, and are not Trustees of the Charity.
## **Administration**
Mrs Nell Hoare acts as the Charity’s Secretary and Paul Celerier FCA acts as FNL’s Membership Accountant. Mr Matthew Payne, Keeper of the Muniments at Westminster Abbey, kindly assists the Secretary in the role of Expert Adviser.
## **Trustees’ responsibilities**
The Trustees are responsible for managing the affairs of the Charity and administering its funds and assets within the framework of any general policies agreed at an Annual General Meeting.
They are responsible in particular for approving grants to institutions before any commitment is made. Approval is normally given at one of the regular meetings of Trustees but applications between meetings may be dealt with by email consultation. Furthermore, the Chairman and Honorary Treasurer have been empowered collectively to approve such applications for grants between meetings not exceeding £10,000.
The names of the Trustees at the date of this report are set out on the inside front cover. All served throughout the year 2021 except as indicated in the following paragraph.
At the Annual General Meeting held on 23 June 2021 Mr Geordie Greig, Chairman, and Mr Charles Sebag-Montefiore, Honorary Treasurer, were both re-elected. Mr Christopher Whittick and Dr Christopher Wright retired as Trustees having served three years. Mrs Sybil Kretzmer and Mr Richard Linenthal were elected to fill the trustee vacancies. Dr John Scally served as an
**114** Friends of the National Libraries
Trustees’ Report **115**
The Trustees are also required to prepare annual financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom accounting standards. In preparing those statements, the Trustees:
## **FUTURE PLANS**
The Trustees do not expect there to be any significant change in the Charity’s aims, objectives or activities in the foreseeable future.
- select suitable accounting policies and then applies them consistently;
- make judgements and estimates which are reasonable and prudent;
- state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed – subject to any material departures that are disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and
- prepare the financial statements on a going-concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Charity will continue its activities.
The Charity’s main objective for 2022 is to make grants from all funds of at least £200,000 excluding any special purpose grants, subject to the level of investment income to be received in 2022 not being less than that received in 2021.
Approved and signed on behalf of the Trustees on 16 May 2022 by:
## **GEORDIE GREIG**
**CHARLES SEBAG-MONTEFIORE** Honorary Treasurer
Chairman
The Trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records which disclose the financial transactions and the assets and liabilities of the Charity with reasonable accuracy. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
**116** Friends of the National Libraries
Financial Statements **117**
## **Financial Statements**
## **Responsibilities of trustees**
## **INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT TO THE TRUSTEES OF FRIENDS OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARIES**
## **Opinion**
We have audited the financial statements of Friends of National Libraries (the ‘charity’) for the year ended 31st December 2021 which comprise the statement of financial activities, the balance sheet, the statement of cash flows and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion, the financial statements:
- give a true and fair view of the state of the charity’s affairs as at 31st December 2021 and of its incoming resources and application of resources for the year then ended;
- have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
- have been prepared in accordance with the Charities Act 2011.
## **Basis for opinion**
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the charity in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
## **Conclusions relating to going concern**
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the trustees’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the charity’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the trustees with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
## **Other information**
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The trustees are responsible for the other information.
Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.
As explained more fully in the trustees’ responsibilities statement set out on page 113, the trustees are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the trustees are responsible for assessing the charity’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the trustees either intend to liquidate the charity or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
## **Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements**
We have been appointed as auditor under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 and report in accordance with the Act and relevant regulations made or having effect thereunder.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:
- The Charity is required to comply with the charity law and, based on our knowledge of its activities, we identified
- that the legal requirement to accurately account for restricted funds was of key significance.
- We gained an understanding of how the charity complied with its legal and regulatory framework, including the requirement to comply with the Charity SORP, through discussions with management and a review of the documented policies, procedures and controls.
- The audit team which is experienced in the audit of charities, considered the charity’s susceptibility to material misstatement and how fraud may occur. Our considerations included the risk of management override.
- Our approach was to check that all income was properly identified and separately accounted for and to ensure that only valid and appropriate expenditure was charged to the Charity’s funds. This included reviewing journal adjustments and unusual transactions.
- Based on this understanding we designed our audit procedures to identify non-compliance with such laws and regulations. Our procedures involved review of the reporting to the trustees with respect to the application of the documented policies and procedures and review of the financial statements to ensure compliance with the reporting requirements of the charity.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.
## **USE OF OUR REPORT**
This report is made solely to the charity’s trustees, as a body, in accordance with Part 4 of the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008. Our audit work has been undertaken, so that we might state to the charity’s trustees those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charity and the charity’s trustees as a body, for our audit work, for this report or for the opinions we have formed.
## **KNOX CROPPER LLP** | **Chartered Accountants** | **Statutory Auditors**
## **65 Leadenhall Street** | **London** | **EC3A 2AD**
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 require us to report to you if, in our opinion:
- the information given in the financial statements is inconsistent in any material respect with the trustees’ report; or
## **20 May 2022**
Knox Cropper is eligible for appointment as auditor of the Charity by virtue of its eligibility for appointment as auditor of a company under section 1212 of the Companies Act 2006.
- sufficient accounting records have not been kept; or
- the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records; or
- we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
**118** Friends of the National Libraries
Financial Statements **119**
## **FRIENDS OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARIES**
## **STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES for the year ended 31 December 2021**
|**Note**
**Income from:**
**donations and legacies**
2
**investments**
3
**Total**
**Expenditure on:**
**grants to institutions**
**for the purchase of books,**
**manuscripts, archives**
**and bookbindings**
4
**raising funds**
5
**Total**
**Operating result**
**Net gains/(losses)**
**on investments**
7
**Net income**
Transfers between funds
**Net movement in funds**
**Reconciliation of funds**
Total funds brought forward
**Total funds carried forward**|**Unrestricted**
**Restricted**
**Endowment**
**Total**
**Total**
**fund**
**funds**
**funds**
**2021**
**2020**
**£**
**£**
**£**
**£**
**£**
99,156
16,033,838
100,000 16,232,994
1,101,035
105,306
9,092
–
114,398
120,705
204,462
16,042,930
100,000
16,347,392
1,221,740
148,972
15,112,913
– 15,261,885
700,264
37,620
31,830
18,209
87,659
57,510|
|---|---|
||186,592
15,144,743
18,209 15,349,544
757,774
17,870
898,187
81,791
997,848
463,966
–
28,905
334,631
363,536
(113,539)|
||17,870
927,092
416,422
1,361,384
350,427
(17,870)
214
17,656
–
–
–
927,306
434,078
1,361,384
350,427
–
330,917
3,971,786
4,302,703 3,952,276|
||–
1,258,223
4,405,864
5,664,087 4,302,703|
|||
## **FRIENDS OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARIES**
## **BALANCE SHEET as at 31 December 2021**
|**Note**
**Fixed assets**
Investments
7
**Current assets**
Debtors
8
Cash at bank
Total current assets
**Liabilities**
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
9
**Net current assets**
**Total net assets**
Representing
**The funds of the charity**
10
**Unrestricted income fund:**
Operating fund
11
**Restricted income funds:**
Philip Larkin Fund
12
Smaller Libraries Fund
13
B. H. Breslauer Foundation Fund
14
John R Murray Fund
15
Other restricted Fund
**Endowment funds:**
Expendable
16
Permanent
17
**Total funds**
18
Approved by the Executive Committee on 15 March 2022 and signed on its behalf by
|**2021**
**2020**
**£**
**£**
4,491,099
3,869,819|
|---|---|
||4,744,325
52,150
6,651,577
481,910|
||11,395,902
534,060
10,222,914
101,176|
||1,172,988
432,884|
||5,664,087
4,302,703|
||–
–|
||346,223
319,930
_
625
102,912
10,362
779,088
–
30,000
–
1,258,223
330,917
2,766,863
2,432,785
1,639,001
1,539,001|
||4,405,864
3,971,786|
|||
||5,664,087
4,302,703|
|||
Approved by the Executive Committee on 15 March 2022 and signed on its behalf by GEORDIE GREIG CHARLES SEBAG-MONTEFIORE Chairman Honorary Treasurer
**120** Friends of the National Libraries
Financial Statements **121**
## **FRIENDS OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARIES**
## **STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS for the year ended 31 December 2021**
|||**2021**||**2020**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**£**||**£**|
|**Cash fow from operating activities**|||||
|net income for the year – see page 118||1,361,384||350,427|
|_Adjustments for:_|||||
|(gains)/losses on investments||(363,536)||113,539|
|income from investments||(114,398)||(120,705)|
|increase/(decrease) in commitments to make grants||10,075,644||(17,125)|
|(increase)/decrease in income tax recoverable||(9,409)||(792)|
|changes in other debtors and creditors||(4,636,672)||(42,801)|
|net cash provided by / (used in) operating activities||6,313,013||282,543|
|**Cash fows from investing activities**|||||
|income from investments||114,398||120,705|
|proceeds from sale of investments||4,369,499||991,947|
|purchase of investments||(4,627,243)||(1,120,726)|
|deposited with investment manager pending investment||–||–|
|net cash provided by / (used in) investing activities||(143,346)||(8,074)|
|**Change in cash and cash equivalents in the year**||6,169,667||274,469|
|Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year||481,910||207,441|
|**Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year**||6,651,577||481,910|
|**Movement in Net Funds**|||||
||**Cash at Bank**|**Cash held by**||**Total**|
|||**Investment**|||
|||**Managers**|||
||**£**|**£**||**£**|
|As at 1 January 2021|453,388|28,522||481,910|
|Movement|6,197,786|(28,119)||6,169,667|
|As as 31 December 2021
|6,651,174|403||6,651,577|
||||||
## **FRIENDS OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARIES**
## **NOTES ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2021**
## **1. Accounting policies**
## **a) Basis of accounting**
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102), ‘Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)’, with FRS 102 and with regulations made under the Charities Act 2011. A summary of the more important accounting policies is set out below.
The accounts have been prepared to give a ‘true and fair view’ and have departed from the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 only to the extent required to provide a ‘true and fair view’. This departure involved following Accounting and Reporting by Charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS102) issued on 16th July 2014 rather than the Accounting and Reporting by Charities Statement of Recommended Practice effective from 1st April 2005 which has since been withdrawn.
The Trustees consider that there are no material uncertainties about the Charity’s ability to continue as a going concern nor a significant risk that uncertainty over estimates made for the purpose of these financial statements may cause a material adjustment to the carrying value of assets and liabilities. The functional currency is the £ Sterling.
The charity is a public benefit entity.
## **b) Income**
Membership subscriptions (including life subscriptions) are recognised in the year in which they fall due. Grants receivable to defray expenditure incurred over a specified period are apportioned over the relevant period. Legacies are recognised in the period in which they are received or when receipt is otherwise probable. Other income is recognised in the period in which it relates.
Donations for which no requirements are specified by the donor are recorded through the Operating fund or one of the Endowment funds, as appropriate.
## **c) Expenditure**
Expenditure is allocated between charitable activities, raising funds and support costs.
Expenditure on charitable activities comprises grants to institutions for the purchase of books, manuscripts, archives and bindings, and for support for the digitisation of and open access to manuscripts which, together with support costs, are charged to the appropriate fund when they have been committed to the intended recipient.
Support costs are those costs which are not attributable to a single activity but provide the necessary organisational support for all the Charity’s activities. They comprise governance costs associated with constitutional and statutory requirements: the costs of the annual report and the annual general meeting are allocated to the cost of raising funds and all other support costs are allocated equally between the cost of grants to institutions and the cost of raising funds. The amounts concerned are allocated between the charity’s funds respectively in proportion to the number of grants committed and the number of receipts of voluntary income (other than receipts for the permanent endowment funds).
## **d) Investments**
Investments are stated in the balance sheet at their market value on the balance sheet date. The resultant unrealised surplus or deficit is recognised in the fund to which the investments have been allocated.
**122** Friends of the National Libraries
Financial Statements **123**
|||**Unrestricted**|
**Restricted**|**Endowment**|
**Total**|**Total**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**fund**|**funds**|**funds**|**2021**|**2020**|
|||**£**|**£**|**£**|**£**|**£**|
|**2.**|**Income from donations and legacies**||||||
||**Grants receivable**||||||
||for the Charity’s general purposes
for the Honresfeld collection|20,000
–|–
15,125,375|–
–|20,000
15,125,375|477,807
–|
||for the John R Murray Fund|–|778,213|–|778,213|–|
||for the B.H. Breslauer Fund|–|100,000|–|100,000|–|
||for the Prince of Wales Fund|–|–|100,000|100,000|–|
||for special purpose grants payable|–|30,000|–|30,000|500,000|
|||20,000|16,033,588|100,000|16,153,588|977,807|
||**Membership subscriptions**||||||
||annual membership|27,050|–|–|27,050|26,496|
||life membership|10,851|–|–|10,851|2,400|
||income tax recovered on subscriptions|5,580|–|–|5,580|4,877|
|||43,481|–|–|43,481|33,773|
||**Other donations and legacies**|35,675|250|–|35,925|89,455|
||**Other income**|–|–|–|–|–|
|||99,156|16,033,838|100,000|16,232,994|1,101,035|
|**3.**|**Income from investments**||||||
||distributions from investments|105,223|9,092|–|114,315|120,520|
||interest on bank balances and deposits|83|–|–|83|185|
|||105,306|9,092|–|114,398|120,705|
|**4.**|**Grants to institutions for the purchase of books, manuscripts, archives and bookbindings**||||||
||from unrestricted funds for the||||||
||purchase of books and manuscripts|147,960|–|–|147,960|147,952|
||from the Philip Larkin Fund for the||||||
||purchase of modern literary archives||||||
||and manuscripts|–|10,000|–|10,000|–|
||from the Smaller Libraries Fund for the||||||
||purchase of manuscripts and archives|–|–|–|–|–|
||from the B. H. Breslauer Fund for||||||
||the purchase of printed books and
fne bindings|–|7,450|–|7,450|51,312|
||from the Lund Trust Digitisation Fund||||||
||for support for the digitisation of||||||
||and open access to manuscripts|–|–|–|–|–|
||from restricted grants
for the Blavatnik Honresfeld Library|–|15,095,400|–|15,095,400|–|
||for University of Cork (Book of Lismore) –||–|–|–|500,000|
||total of direct costs|147,960|15,112,850|–|15,260,810|699,264|
||support costs (see note 6)|1,012|63|–|1,075|1,000|
|||148,972|15,112,913|–|15,261,885|700,264|
||Details of the grants made are set out on pages 24 to 99.||||||
|**5. Expenditure on raising funds**
consultants’ fees and expenses
Honresfeld adjustment
investment manager’s charges
other direct costs
total of direct costs
support costs (see note 6)
**6. Support costs**
governance costs:
annual report
annual general meeting
audit fee
other
Support costs were allocated in 2020
grants to institutions (note 4)
raising funds (note 5)|**Unrestricted**
**Restricted**
**Endowment**
**fund**
**funds**
**funds**
**£**
**£**
**£**
51,517
–
–
(29,974)
29,974
–
–
1,706
18,209
5,371
–
–|**Total**
**Total**
**2021**
**2020**
**£**
**£**
51,517
25,045
–
–
19,915
17,490
5,371
2,169|
|---|---|---|
||26,914
31,680
18,209
10,706
150
–|76,803
44,704
10,856
12,806|
||37,620
31,830
18,209|87,659
57,510|
||
as set out in note 1(c), as follows:
1,012
63
–
10,706
150
–|9,781
11,806
–
–
2,150
2,000
–
–|
|||11,931
13,806|
|||1,075
1,000
10,856
12,806|
||11,718
213
–|11,931
13,806|
||||
## **7. Investments**
The investment portfolio is managed by Cazenove Capital Management Limited, which selects the charity’s investments. Towards the end of 2021, the investment portfolio was switched into the Cazenove Responsible Multi-Asset Fund. This is a long term investment fund with a diversified strategy investing in equities, bonds, property and alternative assets. The Fund aims to provide income and capital growth in excess of the Consumer Price Index + 4% per annum (net of fees) over rolling ten-year periods. The switch is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2022. The portfolio as at 31 December 2021 and the movements in the year are summarised in the following tables:
|Multi-asset funds
Alternative asset funds
UK Equity funds
**Movements in year:**
Market value at start of year
Cost of purchases
Proceeds of sale
Realised gains/(losses)
Unrealised gains/(losses)
Prior year adjustment
Movement in year
Market value at end of year|_Cost_
_Market_
_Prospective_
_Yield_
_value_
_annual income_
_£_
_£_
_£_
_£_
4,126,037
4,130,628
160,967
3.90%
295,016
358,471
13,614
3.80%
20,451
2,000
–
–
4,441,504
4,491,099
174,581
3.89%
**2021**
**2020**
_£_
_£_
3,869,819
3,854,579
4,627,243
1,120,726
(4,369,499)
(991,947)
322,104
(31,128)
41,432
(82,411)
–
–
621,280
15,240
4,491,099
3,869,819|_Cost_
_Market_
_Prospective_
_Yield_
_value_
_annual income_
_£_
_£_
_£_
_£_
4,126,037
4,130,628
160,967
3.90%
295,016
358,471
13,614
3.80%
20,451
2,000
–
–
4,441,504
4,491,099
174,581
3.89%
**2021**
**2020**
_£_
_£_
3,869,819
3,854,579
4,627,243
1,120,726
(4,369,499)
(991,947)
322,104
(31,128)
41,432
(82,411)
–
–
621,280
15,240
4,491,099
3,869,819|
|---|---|---|
|||621,280
15,240|
|||4,491,099
3,869,819|
||||
**124** Friends of the National Libraries
Financial Statements **125**
|**8. Debtors**
pledged Honresfeld donations
income tax recoverable
other debtors
**9. Creditors: amounts payable within one year**
commitments to make grants
outstanding portion of Honresfeld purchase price
other creditors and accrued charges
|**2021**
**2020**
_£_
_£_
4,726,310
–
18,015
8,606
–
43,544
4,744,325
52,150
**2021**
**2020**
_£_
_£_
98,338
91,694
10,069,000
–
55,576
9,482|**2021**
**2020**
_£_
_£_
4,726,310
–
18,015
8,606
–
43,544|
|---|---|---|
|||4,744,325
52,150|
||110,222,914
101,176||
## **10. The funds of the Charity**
## **Operating fund**
The Operating fund is an unrestricted income fund which records all the income and expenditure of the Charity that is not subject to a restriction imposed by a donor or is more appropriately credited or charged to one of the Endowment funds. The income of the Operating fund may therefore be expended without restriction in furtherance of the Charity’s objectives. To the extent that the Operating fund incurs a deficit, it is made good by a transfer from the general endowment fund and any surplus is transferred to that fund.
## **Restricted funds**
The Philip Larkin fund, the Smaller Libraries fund, the B.H. Breslauer fund and the Lund digitisation fund may also be expended, but for restricted purposes. The Philip Larkin fund is restricted to the purchase of modern literary archives and manuscripts, the Smaller Libraries fund to assisting local record offices, libraries and other institutions wishing to purchase manuscripts and archives that relate to their areas, the Lund Trust digitisation fund to the support of projects of digitisation and open accesss and the B. H. Breslauer fund to the purchase of printed books and bookbindings. Income from the John R Murray Fund has to be separately identified, but both income and capital can be spent at the discretion of the Trustees. Grants and donations received for the specific purpose of making a grant to another institution are also recorded under Restricted funds.
## **Endowment funds**
The permanent endowment funds may not be expended but the income from investing the funds is credited to the Operating fund.
The general endowment fund is an expendable fund that comprises the accumulated reserves of the Charity, which may be expended without restriction infurtherance of the Charity’s objectives.
|**11. Operating fund**
at beginning of year
income in year
expenditure in year
transfer (to)/from general endowment fund
at end of year|**2021**
**2020**
_£_
_£_
–
–
204,462
232,805
(186,592)
(188,735)
(17,870)
(44,070)|
|---|---|
||–
–|
|||
|**12. Philip Larkin Fund**
at beginning of year
income in year
expenditure in year
investment gains/(losses)
transfer from general endowment fund
at end of year
**13. Smaller Libraries Fund**
at beginning of year
income in year
expenditure in year
transfer from general endowment fund
at end of year
**14. B. H. Breslauer Foundation Fund**
**(The B H Breslauer Foundation Fund for Printed Books and Manuscripts)**
at beginning of year
income in year
expenditure in year
transfer from general endowment fund
at end of year
**15. John R Murray Fund**
at beginning of year
income in year
expenditure in year
transfer from general endowment fund
at end of year
**16. Expendable endowment fund**
**General fund**
at beginning of year
expenditure in year
investment gains/(losses)
transfer from/(to) operating fund
transfer (to) restricted funds
at end of year|**2021**
**2020**
_£_
_£_
319,930
324,815
9,092
11,129
(11,704)
(1,573)
28,905
(14,441)
– –|
|---|---|
||346,223
319,930|
||625
625
250
–
–
–
(875)
–|
||– 625|
||10,362
23,169
100,000
38,505
(7,450)
(51,312)
–
–|
||102,912
10,362|
||–
–
778,213
–
–
–
875
–|
||779,088
–|
||2,432,785
2,503,969
(18,209)
(15,916)
334,631
(99,098)
17,656
44,067
–
(237)|
||2,766,863
2,432,785|
|||
**126** Friends of the National Libraries
Financial Statements **127**
## **17. Permanent endowment funds**
|at beginning of year
received in year
at end of year|**Golden**
**Prince**
**Total**
**Total**
**Jubilee**
**of**
**2021**
**2020**
**Appeal**
**Wales**
**Fund**
**Fund**
**_£_**
**_£_**
**_£_**
**_£_**
98,718
1,440,283
1,539,001
1,099,698
–
100,000
100,000
439,303|
|---|---|
||98,718
1,540,283
1,639,001
1,539,001|
|||
## **18. Analysis of net assets between funds**
**For the year ended 31 December 2021**
|**For the year ended 31 December**|**2021**||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**Net current**|**Total**|**Total**|
||**Investments**|**assets**|**2021**|**2020**|
||**_£_**|**_£_**|**_£_**|**_£_**|
|Unrestricted fund|–|–|–|–|
|Restricted funds:|||||
|Philip Larkin Fund|346,841|(618)|346,223|319,930|
|Other funds|–|912,000|912,000|10,987|
||346,841|911,382|1,258,223|330,917|
|Endowment funds:|4,144,258|261,606|4,405,864|3,971,786|
||4,491,099|1,172,988|5,664,087|4,302,703|
||||||
**For the year ended 31 December 2020**
|**For the year ended 31 December**|**2020**|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**Net current**|**Total**||**Total**|
||**Investments**|**assets**|**2020**||**2019**|
||**_£_**|**_£_**|**_£_**||**_£_**|
|Unrestricted fund|–|–|–||–|
|Restricted funds:||||||
|Philip Larkin Fund|318,880|1,050|319,930||324,815|
|Other funds|–|10,987|10,987||23,794|
||318,880|12,037|330,917||348,609|
|Endowment funds:|3,550,939|420,847|3,971,786||3,603,667|
||3,869,819|432,884|4,302,703||3,952,276|
|||||||
## **19. Comparative Statement of Financial Activities for 2020**
The table below is given in compliance with the new SORP requirements in order to provide the split between the operating and endowment funds for the previous year, 2020.
|**Note**
**Income from:**
**donations and legacies**
2
**investments**
3
**Total**
**Expenditure on:**
**grants to institutions**
**for the purchase of books,**
**manuscripts, archives**
**and bookbindings**
4
**raising funds**
5
**Total**
**Operating result**
**Net gains/(losses)**
**on investments**
7
**Net income/(expenditure)**
Transfers between funds
**Net movement in funds**
**Reconciliation of funds**
Total funds brought forward
**Total funds carried forward**|**Unrestricted**
**Restricted**
**Endowment**
**Total**
**fund**
**funds**
**funds**
**funds**
**2020**
**2020**
**2020**
**2020**
**£**
**£**
**£**
**£**
123,228
538,505
439,302
1,101,035
109,577
11,128
–
120,705|
|---|---|
||232,805
549,633
439,302
1,221,740
148,893
551,371
–
700,264
39,842
1,752
15,916
57,510|
||188,735
553,123
15,916
757,774|
||44,070
(3,490)
423,386
463,966
–
(14,441)
(99,098)
(113,539)|
||44,070
(17,931)
324,288
350,427
(44,070)
239
43,831
–
–
(17,692)
368,119
350,427
–
348,609
3,603,667
3,952,276
–
330,917
3,971,786
4,302,703|
- **20 Transactions with trustees and connected parties** The trustees received no remuneration or reimbursement of expenses.
Certain trustees, or persons or charitable organisations connected with them, made donations to the Charity of £102,500 during the year (2020: £57,314).
**128** Friends of the National Libraries
## www.fnl.org.uk
Registered Charity number 313020
Cover images: Visits in Verreopolis by Lord Charles Wellesley, 7-18 Dec. 1830. One of seven of Charlotte Brontë’s autograph miniature manuscripts (or ‘little books’) in the Blavatnik Honresfield Library.
Inside covers: Details from the Lincolnshire Acre Books (16th-17th centuries) acquired by Spalding Gentlemen’s Society (see page 92). Inside front cover: a page giving details of the centre of Spalding. Inside back cover: the first page of the Pinchbeck section. Courtesy of Spalding Gentlemen’s Society.
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