# ANNUAL 2021–22 R[E][P ][O][R][T] 

Architectural Association School of Architecture 2021–22 



REPORTS 


- 7 Welcome 

- 8 Trustees’ Report, including Strategic Report Introduction 

Public Benefit Statement Fundraising Statement Corporate Governance Statement Council and Committee Members Advisors 

Auditor’s Information and Signature Page 18 Independent Auditor’s Report 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

- 22 Group statement of financial activities 23 Balance sheets 

- 24 Group statement of cash flows 

- 25 Principal accounting policies 

- 27 Notes to the Financial Statements 



REPORTS
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Reference and administrative information 

## Welcome 

|Registered ofce|34–36 Bedford Square|
|---|---|
||London|
|Company registration number|WC1B 3ES<br>171402 (England and Wales)|
|Charity registration number|311083 (England and Wales)|
|Ofce for Students UKPN|10008071|



The members of the Architectural Association’s Council (the AA Council) have pleasure in submitting the report and the accounts for the year ended 31 July 2022. 

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in the attached financial statements and comply with the charitable company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association, applicable law and regulations, and have been properly prepared in accordance with UK accounting standards, including FRS 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland and with the Statement of Recommended Practice: Accounting and Reporting for Charities (SORP) and the applicable Office for Students Accounts Direction. 

The report has been prepared in accordance with Part 8 of the Charities Act 2011 and also constitutes a directors’ report as required by section 418 of the Companies Act 2006. 

The Governance arrangements are explained in more detail in the Governance section below. 

## AA School 

The Architectural Association (AA) is the oldest independent school of architecture in the UK. The AA was founded in 1847 as a student-centred collective that aspired to radically transform architectural education. The outcome of this is an environment that encourages students to speculate without limitations, take risks with confidence and cultivate individual, radical research agendas that will shape the future of 

the architectural discipline. Today, we continue to be a school that is constantly on the move, progressively redefining the nature of architecture both in academia and in practice worldwide. As a participatory democracy, this endeavour relies on the students to contribute continuously to the identity of the School and to critically engage with the broader cultural discourse in London and beyond. 

Today, the School occupies eight Georgian houses in the centre of London, as well as a 350-acre woodland site at Hooke Park in Dorset and an ever-expanding number of digital spaces. Quite unlike any other institution operating today, the School offers a broad range of flexible and self-directed programmes, courses and curricula that empower students and staff to challenge the accepted methods within contemporary architectural education and professional practice. 

The AA is an Approved Provider registered with the Office for Students (OfS), England’s independent regulator of higher education (The OfS Register). The AA is a recognised body under the Education (Recognised Bodies) (England) Order 2020 following the authority to grant its own taught degrees (Foundation, Bachelor and Master level) by the Lords of Her Majesty’s Most Honourable Privy Council in October 2019 (The Education (Recognised Bodies) (England) Order 2020 (legislation.gov.uk)), and is licensed by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to sponsor student visas. Register of licensed sponsors: students – GOV.UK (www.gov.uk). 

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Trustees’ Report with Strategic Report 31 July 2022 

## Major Developments in the Year 

The AA School transitioned from the online teaching approaches necessitated by Covid-19 restrictions to a hybrid delivery of its provision in this cycle. A robust buildings access protocol and on-site testing facility allowed students and staff to return to premises in a safe manner. Studio instruction resumed as face-to-face teaching; large lectures and some seminars remained online. To accommodate all programmes in Bedford Square (the one exception being the Design and Make postgraduate programme resident at Hooke Park), most administrative offices temporarily vacated or remained online to afford more room for teaching. 

To facilitate large-scale exhibitions and events, as well as to provide additional space for talks and reviews, the AA partnered with Heal’s department store in Tottenham Court Road, taking over Habitat’s former flagship location. The short lease was negotiated as rent-free, the only costs being insurance, security and Wi-Fi. This  ‘pop-up’ arrangement made for several festive events and brought the school community together in a new context. The architectural press noted the AA’s presence at Heal’s and praised the _Momentum of Light_ exhibition held there, which presented work by Iwan Baan and Francis Kéré, winner of the 2022 Pritzker Prize; his receipt of the Prize was announced the day after the exhibiton’s opening. 

The search for the AA’s next Director was launched in this cycle, with a dedicated Search Committee composed of elected members of the School Community leading this effort. The process prompted lively debate throughout the School during the year in various forms, all of which invited students, staff and Council members to consider future directions for creative education and to discuss collective ambitions for the AA in the years to come. Following a week of in-person presentations and events with five shortlisted candidates, and a vote by the School Community, this process culminated in the election and appointment of Ingrid Schroder as AA Director in May 2022. 

For the 2021–22 academic year, the AA saw healthy application numbers, with many programmes attracting the highest ever level of interest from very well-qualified applicants. Through careful selection processes, the AA achieved a total enrolment of 1,004 full-time students and the highest enrolment in its history. 

## RIBA 2020–25 Validation 

In October 2020, the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) unconditionally revalidated the AA for five years. The RIBA has revalidated our Part 1, Part 2 and Part 3 programmes until 2025. 

## Objectives and Activities 

In fulfilment of its charitable objects – to promote and afford facilities for the study of architecture for the public benefit – the AA’s membership organisation operates a school of architecture (the School) and delivers a public programme of architectural lectures, symposia, exhibitions and publications. 

## Financial Review 

The financial statements consolidate the results of the wholly-owned subsidiary, Architectural Association Publications Limited. In summary, the total income for the year was £24.3m (2021: £21.3m) with an expenditure of £20.6m (2021: £16.9m). 

The annual net surplus of £3.7m (2021: £4.6m) results from the higher student enrolment at the start of the academic year of 1,004 (2021: 901). However, the expenditure was £3.7m higher than the previous financial year and reflects the return to face-to-face teaching. The net assets of the AA during the year have increased by £3.7m (2021: increase £4.6m). 

## Accounting Policies 

The principal accounting policies adopted, judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty for the preparation of the financial statements are laid out in the Financial Statements section of this document. 

## Reserves Policy 

As part of the annual review process, the AA’s free reserves policy was amended during the year to mitigate the financial risk. It was agreed to maintain a cash contingency sufficient to cover nine months (2021: nine to twelve months) of core operational expenditure so long as economic uncertainty and the potential for unforeseen financial difficulties persist. This was estimated at £17.5m (2021: £12.75m to £17m). The cash balance for the full year as a percentage of the free reserves target for 2022 is 98% (2021: 102%). In this context, the core operational expenditure is defined as the full cost of undertaking charitable activities (ie excluding trading). Furthermore, if there were ever a scenario where liabilities exceeded available cash, the Council believes that the fixed assets’ realisable value would cover such liabilities. 

## Equal Opportunities 

The AA aims to create conditions that ensure staff and students are treated solely based on their merits, abilities and potential, regardless of their gender, race, religious or political beliefs, ethnic or national origin, disability, family background, age, sexual orientation or other irrelevant distinction. 

## Accessibility 

The AA seeks to welcome and accommodate all visitors, staff and students. The Bedford Square premises are not fully accessible to wheelchair users, and due to the restrictions associated with listed buildings, resolving this issue is not possible. Despite this, the AA is committed to making arrangements that facilitate participation in AA life as inclusively as possible for all visitors, staff and students. The School is actively working to find ways to overcome the accessibility limitations inherent in its premises, seeking solutions that will enable significant improvement in this regard in the future. 

## Future Developments 

The AA is always looking to the future, with the aim to continually enhance our learning and teaching methodologies by envisioning a student experience that is unparalleled within architectural education. The School anticipates a variety of future projects and meeting strategic goals to be shared by incoming Director Ingrid Schroder. Central to these is the reinvigoration of the AA community’s contribution to urgent contemporary debates, and the reinforcement of its position at the heart of architectural discourse in London through in-person events, lectures, symposia, exhibitions and book launches. 

The recommended policies resulting from the Dignity at Work and Study (DAWS) review are now embedded in academic regulations and staff handbooks for 2022–23, and a Project Manager was appointed during the year to lead this implementation. These policies include a Code of Behavioural Expectations, a Dignity at Work and Study policy, and an updated Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) policy and procedure. Human Resources will closely monitor how new initiatives and procedures associated with DAWS positively impact the AA. This work represents a significant collective effort by the entire School Community, led by the Resolution 4 Working Group and with the input of consultants B3sixty, to clearly articulate and uphold principles of mutual respect, fairness, equity and justice that underpin every facet of the work of the School. The AA remains committed to ensuring that it provides a supportive environment for the advancement of our students’ learning and for the career development of our staff, and this work will continue to develop into the future. 

The full reopening of our London premises, including newly leased premises in Montague Street, will allow new configurations of unit, seminar and programme spaces, as well as additional bookable rooms. The School will continue to forge links between Bedford Square and Hooke Park, with the aim to create greater continuity, both administratively and educationally, through initiatives that enhance the uniqueness of both locations. 

The 2022–23 cycle will see the School launch its Student Information System (a major project that the AA has invested in to provide a sector-standard system), an Intranet, and a refreshed external-facing website that allows for a variety of audiences – from staff and current students, members and alumni, to prospective students, benefactors and collaborators – to interact with us through multiple interfaces. 

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## Public Benefit Statement 

## Status 

The AA is a company limited by guarantee, incorporated on 13 November 1920, registered as a charity in England and Wales on 9 September 1963 and as an Approved Provider with the Office for Students on 18 March 2019. 

## Public Benefit 

The AA Council believe they have complied with the duty in section 4 of the Charities Act 2011 to have due regard for the public benefit as that term is understood for the purposes of the law relating to charities in England and Wales. 

## Education and Research 

## The School offers the following courses and 

programmes: the Foundation Course (AA Foundation Award in Architecture); the Intermediate Programme (years one to three of the five-year course in architecture), leading to the award of BA(Hons) (ARB/ RIBA Part 1); the Diploma Programme (years four and five of the five-year course in architecture), leading to the award of MArch and the AA Diploma (ARB/RIBA Part 2); and nine Taught Postgraduate programmes leading to MA, MSc, PG MArch, MFA and Taught MPhil awards. The AA is an Accredited Research Centre (ARC) of the Open University for the delivery and validation of the PhD degree. Additionally, applications are taken throughout the year for two RIBA Part 3 courses. 

In addition to the full-time courses on offer at the AA, a vast array of short courses and workshops take place around the world throughout the year as part of the AA Visiting School, a Spring Semester Programme available to students from other universities to experience the AA for a term, and a Summer School, which is accompanied by a dedicated series of Public Programme events. Led by notable architects, designers, critical thinkers and AA tutors from across the globe, these courses aim to generate new forms of discourse, and stimulate creative minds of all ages and backgrounds. 

## Public Programme and Publications 

The AA Public Programme is an ever-evolving collection of lectures, exhibitions, workshops, symposia, open seminars, gallery talks, building visits and performances dedicated to contemporary architectural culture. Speakers and participants include emerging architects, artists, scholars and professionals in related fields. Events are free and open to the public, and bring together interdisciplinary audiences locally within the physical space of the Lecture Hall, and globally in the virtual realm of the AA YouTube channel. During the 2021–22 cycle highlights included _Momentum of Light_ , an exhibition of the work of photographer Iwan Baan and 2022 Pritzker Prize winner Francis Kéré, as well as six lecture series across the year, a pavilion on the corner of Bedford Square built by students using recycled timber, and a memorial symposium to celebrate the career and legacy of Mark Cousins. 

AA Publications are essential to the cultural and academic production of the institution, and facilitate the development of critical architectural discourse worldwide. The are produced in-house by a team of editors and graphic designers operating under the aegis of the Communications Studio. The department is dedicated to the dissemination and communication of architectural writing and digital content, which includes _AA Files_ , the School’s journal of record, the student-led _AArchitecture_ pamphlet, a series of books and e-books with authors internal and external to School, as well as social media initiatives. Issue 78 of _AA Files_ was published in November 2021 and the _AA Book 2022: On Location_ was produced in summer 2022 to celebrate the work of students across the School during this academic year. 

## Environmental and Sustainability 

The AA is committed to environmental sustainability. Our approach to sustainability is continually evaluated by our actions and commitments. As we emerge from the pandemic and with the challenges that Brexit poses, environmental sustainability is at the forefront of the School’s commitments, and our future visions and strategies will always be a major factor in all matters going forward. We will engage with our students, who are our largest constituency within the School, and our staff to discover what is important to them and consider the risks and opportunities of their aims and ambitions. From this consultation, the School will identify ten critical environmental focuses. These areas will form the focus of our Environmental Sustainability Vision, Policy and Strategy, and the progress of this initiative will be reported on an annual basis. As part of this we have developed an Environmental Policy, which is as follows: 

## Environmental Policy 

The AA and its large community of students and staff are based at two premises, Bedford Square in London and Hooke Park in Dorset. 

We believe that our School has a responsibility to care for and protect the environment in which we operate. We recognise the impact our core business can have on the environment, health and prosperity of our staff, students, visitors and on the surrounding community. 

We are committed to reducing our carbon emissions through effective energy management throughout all of our buildings and will strive to continually improve our environmental performance across all of our educational and business activities. It is our policy to identify, eliminate and reduce activities that have a potential to cause an environmental impact. 

We always carefully consider: 

- Use of raw materials 

- Use of water 

- • Energy consumption • Waste generation 

- Procurement of stationery, furniture, equipment and machinery 

The commitments outlined in the Policy are evolving and represent the importance given by the AA to managing environmental sustainability, and are to be reviewed on an annual basis and updated when necessary. 

This Policy statement is prominently displayed at all School premises and made available to all interested parties upon request. We will provide adequate and appropriate resources to implement this Policy, and will ensure it is communicated and understood. 

Whilst the AA accepts the main responsibility for implementation of this Policy, staff and students have a very important role in co-operating with those responsible for environmental safeguarding. 

## Value for Money 

By attending the AA School, our students are making a considerable investment in their future, both in time and money. The School provides a structure that allows for an individualised and personal experience, and there is a range of ways in which we provide good value for money. 

Therefore, this will vary from person to person, based on their course of study, individual needs and interests, and the services and facilities they access. 

There are four main ways that we offer value for money for students at the AA: 

- Through the quality of teaching and learning, and the value that our students get from their experience of studying architecture both now and in the long-term as alumni of a well-respected architectural school with a global presence 

- The wider benefit that studying provides, including transferable skills and developing career prospects 

- • The way that higher education institutions benefit society as a whole 

- The efficiency and effectiveness with which the School’s finances are managed – see this report and the Annual Review on Finances – income and outgoings 

We are subject to regulation to ensure that we are behaving responsibly and fulfilling our obligations to our students through the Office for Students (OfS), as well as the requirement to publish our financial statements. 

## Fundraising 

## AA Hardship Fund 

The Student Hardship Appeal was launched in April 2020 with outreach to the wider membership and alumni community. The AA Hardship Fund (AAHF) was established to support students who made realistic and adequate financial provisions at the outset of the academic year but, due to the global pandemic, were faced with unexpected financial hardship impacting their ability to complete studies during the 2021–22 academic year and beyond. With awards ranging from £200 to £5,000, the AAHF supports living costs and material needs to undertake the educational provision or offset tuition fees where students can no longer meet payments. The AAHF comprises funds from the School’s annual operating budget and donations received specifically as support to the stated intention of the funding provision. During the year, the AAHF helped 99 students to a total of £246,000, and applications will be taken in October 2022 for the next round of funding support within these arrangements. 

## Architectural Association Foundation 

The Architectural Association Foundation (charity no 328455), established in 1989, supports the AA in its charitable objects by assisting in funding scholarships, bursaries, educational resources, named prizes and travel awards, as well as specific funding for our Public Programme and staff development opportunities. In 2021–22, the AA received philanthropic income of £235,000 (2021: £282,000) through the Architectural Association Foundation. The AA applied all of this toward the AA’s scholarships and bursaries. 

## Fundraising Arrangements 

Whilst the AA benefits from several sponsorship arrangements, it does not engage external fundraisers and has not entered any commercial participation arrangements. All fundraising activity is conducted within the regulations and framework set out by the Office for Students (OfS), and the AA is committed to upholding the standards set out by the Fundraising Regulator and the Institute of Fundraising. When donations from individuals are received, the AA protects personal data and never sells or swaps data with other organisations. The AA is committed to investigating and responding to any complaints regarding fundraising activities and aims to learn from any issues to improve the institution’s service. During the year, the AA received no complaints about fundraising activities. 

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## Corporate Governance Statement 

## Governing Documents 

The charity was established under a Memorandum of Association and is governed in accordance with the object and powers set out in its governing documents, the Articles of Association and By-laws (last amended 23 March 2017). 

## Objects of the AA 

The objects for which the AA was established are to promote and afford facilities for the study of architecture for the public benefit. 

## School Community 

The School Community, comprising students, staff and Council members (with the exception only of the School Director), is a feature of and forum in the AA’s corporate governance which facilitates the School’s ethos of participatory democracy by acting as both an advisory body to the School Director and as a voting body making recommendations to Council on important matters, including the future direction of the AA School. 

## The AA Council 

The Council is the AA’s governing body. Led by the President, it is made up of Council members elected from the AA’s membership together with others appointed specifically for skills necessary to oversee the delivery of the AA’s objectives and future strategic direction. The Council includes the School Director, an elected staff member and an elected student member, ensuring all constituencies of the School are represented at the highest level of governance. 

To facilitate the inclusion on the AA Council of the School Director, a staff member and a student member, the AA received Charity Commission approval in 2017 to include in its Articles of Association (Art 6(b)) a provision which permits payment to a Council member who is an AA student in receipt of assistantship, bursary or scholarship, to the School Director, or to an employee of the AA, provided such payment is not made to remunerate the person for duties as a Council member and that the number of people so remunerated shall not exceed three. Over the year, one member (2021: one) of Council was in receipt of such payment from the AA – an employee of the AA elected to Council. The total remuneration made to this Council member in the year was £75,213 (2021: £61,016). 

Council meets at least four times a year to provide strategic oversight, monitor financial health and review key policies, initiatives, activities and plans. 

## Committees of Council 

Council delegates authority to the following committees to consider and report on matters in their respective remits. 

The Finance and Resources Committee is responsible for setting and ensuring the prudent management of annual budgets, monitoring revenue and voluntary income and/or benefit streams, ensuring prudent financial planning, and overseeing the commitment of financial 

resources to long-term contracts (including property leases) and the investment of monies. 

The Audit and Risk Committee is responsible for monitoring the integrity of the AA group’s financial statements, reviewing and reporting to Council on significant financial reporting issues, tracking the AA’s risk management and reporting, and overseeing key policies. 

The Estates and Infrastructure Committee considers the overall strategy for the AA’s built environment and infrastructure, including any recommendation to Council for acquiring and/or disposing of property and improvements. 

The Nominations and Remuneration Committee sets the remuneration of the School Director and other senior staff. The Committee is chaired by a lay member of the Council and also includes the President. In fulfilling its role in respect of remuneration, the Committee follows the Committee of University Chairs (CUC) guidance. It ensures it complies with Office for Students (OfS) guidance on senior staff remuneration that may be issued from time to time. 

## School Director Review and Remuneration 

The Nomination and Remuneration Committee considers a wide range of evidence in assessing the remuneration proposals for those in leadership positions. These reflect the relevant aspects of the remuneration guidance set out by the CUC. 

## Statement of Trustees’ Responsibilities 

As the AA is constituted as a charitable company, Council members are both charity trustees and company directors. As such, Council members are responsible for preparing the trustees’ report and financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (the United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). 

Company law requires trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company and the group, and of the income and expenditure of the group for that period. Under company law, trustees must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company, and of the income and expenditure of the group for that period. 

In preparing these financial statements, trustees are required to: 

- Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently 

- Observe the methods and principles in Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice (SORP) applicable to charities, the OfS Accounts Direction and the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Ireland (FRS 102) 

- Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent 

- State whether applicable United Kingdom Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements 

- Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the charitable company will continue in operation 

Trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charitable company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charitable company and the group, and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. Each of the trustees confirms that: 

- So far as he or she is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the charitable company’s Auditor is unaware 

- He or she has taken all the steps that he/she ought to have taken as a trustee to make himself/herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the charitable company’s Auditor is aware of that information 

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of s418 of the Companies Act 2006. 

Trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of financial information included on the AA’s website: www.aaschool.ac.uk. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

## Recruitment and Appointment of Trustees 

The Council recruits trustees through a variety of methods. Independent members of Council (ie members who are not employed by or studying at the AA) are either elected by from the AA’s membership or appointed directly by Council for specific skills and experience following an open recruitment process. Council appoints a student trustee who is elected by the student body and a staff member trustee who is elected by staff. The School Director is an ex-officio member of Council. Independent trustees are appointed for an initial term of three years renewable by mutual agreement for an additional three-year term. The student member trustee is appointed for one term of one year but is eligible to stand for election again subject to a maximum of three terms of one year. 

The process is overseen by the Nominations and Remuneration Committee, and any new appointees receive induction training to introduce them to the AA’s work and to ensure an appropriate level of understanding of governance, legal duties and regulatory duties. Ongoing training is available as and when 

- required, using internal and external resources. The Chairs of Committees ensure appropriate inductions for new members of their Committee. 

Internal Control Statement and Risk Management The key objective of the AA’s risk management activities is to ensure policies and internal controls are in place to manage risks that could impact the AA’s ability to achieve its goals or maintain its reputation. 

- The AA considers risk under the following categories: 

1. Strategy and Leadership 

2. Governance and Management 

3. Education and Student Experience 

4. Physical and Digital Infrastructure 

5. Academic and Administrative Staff 

6. Finance, Legal and Regulatory 

The Audit and Risk Committee provides impartial advice to the Council on the discharge of the Council’s responsibilities for the effectiveness of risk management, internal control and management systems, and for the economy, efficiency and effectiveness with which the AA’s activities have been discharged. 

All significant risks inherent to the AA’s operations are identified, assessed and managed as part of this process. The Senior Management Team review departmental risk registers maintained by Heads of Departments, which inform the corporate risks elevated to the AA’s Risk Register. 

The AA appointed Azets as the Internal Auditor in 2020–21 to improve risk management, internal controls and governance processes during the year. To date, internal audits have been completed around Fundraising Framework, GDPR and Risk Management. 

The AA assesses the level of risk posed by each matter recorded on the Risk Register by attributing a score based on the likelihood and impact of the respective risks. Each category of risk has been assessed, recorded and factored into the respective scores. 

The Council recognises that the application of risk management processes cannot eliminate all risk exposure, especially during a time of enormous change in the HE sector. 

This Internal Controls and Risk Management Statement covers the financial year to 31 July 2022 and the period to the date of approval. 

The most significant risks and uncertainities that the AA faces as an organisation at the time of this report are: 

1. The concern for the cost-of-living crisis within the UK and abroad 

The UK government announced during its spring statement to the House of Commons in March 2022 that increases to the cost of living are predicted to reach their highest levels in 30 years, affecting those who live in 

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the UK including international students. This coupled with inflation increases will impact expenditure for the School at all its locations, as well as for students and staff living in London. Import supply chains have been compromised by ongoing world conflicts, influencing the cost of produce, food and materials as well as significant increases for energy, electrical and heating costs. This will affect the maintenance and overall running of the School’s two main sites, Bedford Square and Hooke Park, as well as new locations at Montague Street, London, and Juniper Barns and Cottages, Dorset. Additionally, the rises in costs of materials such as paper and model-making supplies, as well as travel, may impact the students' overall educational experience. To mitigate these risks, the AA has built its cash reserves to provide financial resilience during the upcoming year, continued the Student Hardship Fund and invested in the Student Forum travel bursary budget. The trustees believe that the AA is in a good financial position to support staff and students through 2022–23 as a going concern. 

## 2. Impact of political global instability on student intake 

The AA has a large international student body and the ongoing conflicts in Europe and around the world create potential instability for applicant intake and the student fees that are critical to the AA. During the year, the AA has increased its outreach department, enhanced the methods through which we recruit students by attending academic fairs and events, and joined initiatives with the aim to reach a variety of audiences thus diversifying our student intake. 

## 3. Integration of new AA campus sites 

The AA has recently expanded our campuses by obtaining two new sites: 1 and 1A Montague Street in London, and the Juniper Barns and Cottages in Dorset. While the new locations are critical to provide a quality student experience, it is vital that these spaces are integrated into the AA infrastructure and ecosystems to ensure that the students and staff occupying them are connected to the rest of the School. Estates and Facilities, as well as IT, have been provided the resources to integrate all the required infrastructure, systems and equipment to equal levels as at our Bedford Square and Hooke Park locations. 


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## Council and Committee Members 

The Council members, who were members throughout the year except where shown, were: 

|Council members|Appointment/Resignation 21/22|
|---|---|
|Trevor Bolton||
|Jonathan Brierley||
|Mark Damazer CBE||
|David Edgerton||
|David Gibson||
|Susannah Hagan||
|Sam Jacob||
|Trevor Morriss||
|Joel Newman||
|Ravin Ponniah (Vice President)||
|Yael Reisner||
|George Robert Sawtell||
|Victoria Thornton OBE (President)|Resigned 31 May 2022|
|Catherine du Toit (President from 11 August 2022)||
|Nick Viner||
|Mohammad Riad Yassine|Resigned 24 June 2022|
|Madeleine Louise Rohan|Appointed 18 July 2022|
|The Committee members were:||



Finance and Resources Committee Jonathan Brierley Mark Damazer George Sawtell (Chair) Victoria Thornton Nick Viner 

Audit and Risk Committee Trevor Bolton David Gibson (Chair) George Robert Sawtell 

Degree Awarding Committee Trevor Bolton David Edgerton (Chair) Susannah Hagan 

## Nominations and Remuneration Committee 

Mark Damazer David Gibson Victoria Thornton Catherine du Toit Nick Viner (Chair) 

## Estates and Infrastructure Committee 

Joel Newman Ravin Ponniah Yael Reisner Catherine du Toit (Chair) Mohammad Riad Yassine 

## Advisors 

|During the period in which the role of School Director was|Auditor|Buzzacott LLP|
|---|---|---|
|vacant, the AA Council reflected on the interim||130 Wood Street|
|management arrangements in place and considered any||London|
|such modifcations required to aid the Director search, the||EC2V 6DL|
|structures that would initially be in place to support a new||www.buzzacott.co.uk|
|Director, and the means to clearly articulate the leadership|||
|of the AA to both internal audiences and external|Internal Auditor|Azets|
|regulators and validators. As a result, an Interim Executive||45 King William Street|
|Group (IEG) was created comprising fve Senior||London|
|Management Team (SMT) members. The IEG was chaired||EC4R 9AN|
|by Mark Morris, who continued as Chief Accountable||www.azets.co.uk|
|Ofcer until the new Director was appointed. The wider|||
|SMT continued in its current composition focusing on|Bankers|HSBC|
|operations, supporting the work of the IEG and guided by||69 Pall Mall|
|decisions taken by the IEG.||London|
|||SW1Y 5EY|
|The School Director, Interim Executive Group and Senior||www.hsbc.co.uk|
|Management Team for the year were:|||
|||Lloyds|
|School Director||25 Gresham Street|
|Role vacant||London|
|||EC2V 7HN|
|Interim Executive Group||www.lloydsbank.com|
|Belinda Flaherty, School Registrar|||
|Mark Morris, Head of Teaching and Learning|Solicitors|Fieldfsher LLP|
|Christopher Pierce, Head of Visiting School and QAA||2 Swan Lane|
|Facilitator||London|
|Michael Weinstock, Chair of Academic Committee||EC4R 3TT|
|Salah Mirza, Head of Finance and Strategic||www.feldfsher.com|
|Development (resigned 12 June 2022)|||
|||Pinset Masons LLP|
|Senior Management Team||30 Crown Place|
|Holly Bowden, Company Secretary (resigned 31||London EC2A 4ES|
|January 2022)||www.pinsetmasons.com|



Holly Bowden, Company Secretary (resigned 31 January 2022) Paul Crosby, Head of Academic Resources Ryan Dillon, Head of Communications Tehmina Mahmood, Head of Human Resources Anita Pfauntsch, Head of Estates and Facilities Manijeh Verghese, Head of Public Engagement Tiger Wang, Chief Technology Officer 

AUDITOR’S INFORMATION AND SIGNATURES 

The Association’s Auditor, Buzzacott LLP, is willing to continue in office and a resolution proposing their reappointment and authorising the Finance and Resources Committee to fix their remuneration will be put to the annual general meeting. 

## Company Secretary 

Holly Bowden (resigned 31 January 2022) Nicholas John Eldred (appointed 31 January 2022) 

Approved by Council Members on 21 November 2022 and signed on their behalf by: 

Catherine du Toit President 

Dr Ingrid Schroder Chief Accountable Officer 


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## Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Architectural Association (Incorporated) 

## Opinion 

We have audited the financial statements of Architectural Association (‘the charitable company’) and its subsidiary (‘the group’) for the year ended 31 July 2022 which comprise the group statement of financial activities, the group and charity balance sheet, the group statement of cash flows and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including FRS 102, The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (the United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). 

## In our opinion, the financial statements: 

- give a true and fair view of the state of the group and the charitable parent company’s state of affairs as at 31 July 2022 and of the group’s income and expenditure for the year then ended; 

- have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and 

- have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

- where applicable, funds from whatever source administered by the provider for specific purposes have been properly applied to those purposes and managed in accordance with relevant legislation; 

- where applicable, funds provided by the OfS and by Research England have been applied in accordance with the relevant terms and conditions; and 

- • meet the requirements of the Office for Students' Accounts Direction 2021/22. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matter in relation to which the OfS Accounts Direction 2021/22 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

- the charitable company’s grant and fee income, as disclosed in note 1 to these Financial Statements, has been materially misstated. 

## Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

## Conclusions relating to going concern 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following 

matters in relation to which the ISAs (UK) require us to report to you where: 

- the trustees’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is not appropriate; or 

- the trustees have not disclosed in the financial statements any identified material uncertainties that may cast significant doubt about the group’s or the charitable parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting for a period of at least twelve months from the date when the financial statements are authorised for issue. 

## Other information 

The trustees are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our Auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

## We have nothing to report in this regard. 

## Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• the information given in the trustees’ report, including the strategic report, for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared, is consistent with the financial statements; and 

- the trustees’ report, including the strategic report, has been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

## Matters on which we are required to report 

## by exception 

In light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the charitable parent company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the trustees’ report, including the strategic report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the 

following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

- adequate accounting records have not been kept by the charitable parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

- the charitable parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 

- certain disclosures of trustees’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

- we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

## Responsibilities of trustees 

As explained more fully in the trustees’ responsibilities statement, the trustees are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the trustees are responsible for assessing the group’s and the charitable parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the trustees either intend to liquidate the group or the charitable parent company or to cease operations or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

## Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the 

## financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at www.frc.org.uk/ auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditor’s report. 

## Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the charitable company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the charitable company’s members those matters we are required to 

state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charitable company and the charitable company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report or for the opinions we have formed. 


## 14 December 2022 

Katharine Patel, Senior Statutory Auditor Buzzacott LLP 130 Wood Street London EC2V 6DL 

18 

19 



FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS

Group statement of financial activities (including income and expenditure account) Year ended 31 July 2022 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Un-<br>Un- restricted  Restricted<br>restricted  Restricted  Total 2022  funds  funds  Total 2021<br>Notes funds  ’000 funds  ’000 ’000 £’000 £’000 £’000<br>Income from:<br>Donations and legacies 1 276 261 537 307 563 870<br>Investments 2 - 1 1 1 1 2<br>Trading activities 3 292 - 292 154 - 154<br>Charitable activities 4 23,454 7 23,461 20,250 - 20,250<br>Total income 24,022 269 24,291 20,712 564 21,276<br>Expenditure on:<br>Raising funds 3 (209) – (209) (89) - (89)<br>Charitable activities 5 (20,169) (253) (20,422) (16,346) (435) (16,781)<br>Total expenditure (20,378) (253) (20,631) (16,435) (435) (16,870)<br>Net income before investment gains<br>3,644 16 3,660 4,277 129 4,406<br>and (losses)<br>Investment gains (losses) 10 - - - - 15 15<br>Net income for the year 3,644 16 3,660 4,277 144 4,421<br>Other recognised gains<br>and (losses)<br>Actuarial gain (loss) on pension scheme 20 57 - 57 202 - 202<br>Net movement in funds 3,701 16 3,717 4,479 144 4,623<br>Reconciliation of funds<br>Total funds brought forward 19,686 2,120 21,806 15,207 1,976 17,183<br>Total funds carried forward 23,387 2,136 25,524 19,686 2,120 21,806<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


The statement of financial activities has been prepared on the basis that all operations are continuing.  Further details of the restricted funds are given in note 18. All recognised gains and losses are included in the statement of financial activities. 

## Balance sheets 31 July 2022 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
     Group     Charity<br>2022 2021 2022 2021<br>Notes ’000 £’000 ’000 £’000<br>Fixed assets<br>Freehold properties 8 2,558  2,598 2,558  2,598<br>Long leasehold properties 8 14,095  14,238 14,095  14,238<br>Other tangible assets 9 5,053  4,647 5,053  4,647<br>Investments 10 55 55 55 55<br>Investment in subsidiary 10 - - 50 50<br>Total fixed assets 21,761 21,538 21,811 21,588<br>Current assets<br>Stock 11 227 334 44 33<br>Debtors 12 896 954 1,048 1,202<br>Cash at bank and in hand 17,215 17,386 17,165 17,352<br>Total current assets 18,338 18,674 18,257 18,587<br>Current liabilities<br>Creditors:  13 (8,448) (11,333) (8,435) (11,314)<br>amounts falling due within one year<br>Net current assets  9,890 7,341 9,822 7,273<br>Total assets less current liabilities 31,651 28,879 31,633 28,861<br>Creditors: 14 (5,893) (6,656) (5,893) (6,656)<br>amounts falling due after more<br>than one year<br>Net assets excluding pension liability  25,758  22,223 25,740  22,205<br>Pension liability 20 (234)  (417) (234) (417)<br>Net assets including pension liability           25,524  21,806 25,506  21,788<br>Funds and reserves<br>Restricted funds 18 2,136 2,120 2,136 2,120<br>Restricted funds 2,136 2,120 2,136 2,120<br>General fund 13,787  10,268 13,769  10,250<br>Pension reserve 20 (234) (417) (234) (417)<br>13,553 9,851 13,535 9,833<br>Revaluation reserve 19 9,835 9,835 9,835 9,835<br>Unrestricted funds 23,388 19,686 23,370 19,668<br>Total Funds 17 25,524 21,806 25,506 21,788<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Approved by Council Members on 21 November 2022 and signed on their behalf by: 


Catherine du Toit President 

Dr Ingrid Schroder Chief Accountable Officer 

22 

23 



## Group statement of cash flows 31 July 2022 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
2022 2021<br>Notes ’000 £’000<br>Cash flows from operating activities:<br>Net cash provided by operating activities  A 669 8,290<br>Cash flows from investing activities:<br>Investment income 1 2<br>Purchase of tangible fixed assets (611) (366)<br>Net cash used in investing activities (610) (364)<br>Cash flows from financing activities:<br>Repayments of borrowing  (185) (324)<br>Interest paid on borrowing (45) (57)<br>Net cash used in financing activities (230) (381)<br>Change in cash and cash equivalents in the year (171) 7,545<br>Cash and cash equivalents at 1 August 2021 B 17,386 9,841<br>Cash and cash equivalents at 31 July 2022 B 17,215 17,386<br>A  Reconciliation of net movement in funds<br>to net cash provided by operating activities 2022 2021<br>’000 £’000<br>Net movement in funds, as per the statement of financial activities 3,717 4,623<br>Adjustments for:<br>Depreciation charge 388 393<br>Loss on disposals - 27<br>-<br>Losses (gains) on investments (15)<br>Investment income (1) (2)<br>- -<br>Revaluation gain<br>Actuarial (gains) loss (57) (202)<br>Defined benefit pension scheme contributions (131) (131)<br>Defined benefit pension scheme interest cost 5 8<br>Mortgage and long-term loan interest  45 57<br>Decrease in stocks 107 (12)<br>(Increase) / decrease in debtors 59 226<br>Increase in creditors (3,463) 3,318<br>Net cash provided by operating activities 669 8,290<br>B  Analysis of cash and cash equivalents 2022 2021<br>’000 £’000<br>Cash at bank and in hand 17,215 17,386<br>Total cash and cash equivalents 17,215 17,386<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## Principal accounting policies 31 July 2022 

## Principal Accounting Policies 

The principal accounting policies adopted, judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty for the preparation of the financial statements are laid out below. 

## Basis of preparation 

These financial statements have been prepared for the year to 31 July 2022. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention with items recognised at cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant accounting policies below or the notes to these financial statements. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (Charities SORP FRS 102), and the Companies Act 2006. The charity constitutes a public benefit entity as defined by FRS 102. The financial statements are presented in sterling and are rounded to the nearest thousand pounds. 

Critical accounting estimates and areas of judgement Preparation of the financial statements require the trustees and management to make significant judgements and estimates. 

The items in the financial statements where these judgements and estimates have been made include: 

- Impairment of fixed assets 

- The useful economic lives of tangible fixed assets 

- The pension scheme obligation 

   - The bad debt provision 

- 

- Measurement of stock at the lower of cost and net realisable value 

## Assessment of going concern 

The trustees have assessed whether the use of the going concern assumption is appropriate in preparing these financial statements. The trustees have made this assessment in respect for the period of one year from the date of approval of these financial statements. 

The trustees of the charity have concluded that there are no material uncertainties related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the ability of the charity to continue as a going concern. The trustees believe that the charity will have sufficient resources to meet its liabilities as they fall due. 

## Basis of consolidation 

The results of the Association’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Architectural Association Publications Limited, have been consolidated into these financial statements on a line-by-line basis. The charity has taken advantage of the exemptions in the Companies Act not to present a separate statement of financial activities. Net income of the charity £3,701,000 (2021 net income of £4,623,000) is attributable to the Architectural Association (Incorporated). 

## Income recognition 

Income is recognised in the period in which the group has an entitlement to the income, the amount of income can be measured reliably, and it is probable that the income will be received. 

Tuition and membership fees receivable and charges for services and use of premises are accounted for in the period to which they relate. Fees received in advance under the advance fee or deposit scheme are held in the Association bank account and recorded as liabilities until either taken to income in the term when used or else refunded. 

## Expenditure recognition 

Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to make a payment to a third party, and it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. 

Expenditure is recognised on an accruals basis, inclusive of VAT which cannot be recovered. Certain expenditure is directly attributable to specific activities and has been included in those cost categories. Certain other costs, which are attributable to more than one activity, are apportioned across cost categories based on an estimate of the proportion of time spent by staff on those activities. 

## Tangible fixed assets 

Tangible fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Certain items of fixed assets that had been revalued to fair value on or prior to the date of transition to FRS 102 (1 August 2014) are measured based on deemed cost, being the revalued amount at the date of that revaluation. 

On adoption of FRS 102, the charity followed the transitional provision to retain the book value of certain classes of tangible fixed assets as a deemed cost but not to adopt a policy of revaluations of these assets in the future. Assets costing £10,000 or more are capitalised as tangible fixed assets. 

Depreciation on freehold buildings is calculated on a reducing balance basis at 2% on cost/valuation for each full year of occupation. No depreciation is charged on freehold land. 

Depreciation on long leasehold buildings is calculated on a reducing balance basis over the life of the lease. A review for impairment of a building is carried out if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 

24 

25 



value of the building may not be recoverable. Depreciation of owned furniture, fittings and equipment is calculated on a straight-line basis over the useful economic life of the asset. 

Library books, the video collection and slide library are included at the book amounts of previous independent professional valuations, subject to reviews for impairment. No depreciation is provided on these assets. The trustees consider that this shows a true and fair view as the estimated residual value is deemed to be equal to the current use value. Costs incurred in maintaining the condition of these assets are charged to the statement of financial activities. 

Assets in the course of construction are included at cost. Depreciation on these assets is not charged until they are brought into use. 

## Listed investments 

Listed investments are stated at market value. Gains and losses on disposal and revaluation of investments are charged or credited to the statement of financial activities. 

## Stock 

Stock is valued at the lower of cost and estimated net realisable value. 

## Pension schemes 

## _Defined benefit pension scheme_ 

The Association operates a pension scheme providing benefits based on final pensionable pay. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Association. This scheme is being accounted for under FRS 102, with the annually calculated notional surplus or deficit on the funding of the scheme shown in the financial statements as a designated fund entitled ‘pension reserve’, which is deducted from unrestricted funds in the balance sheet. Any surplus or deficit in the scheme at the year-end is shown separately on the balance sheet. Independent qualified actuaries regularly complete valuations at least every three years, and in accordance with their recommendations, annual contributions are paid to the scheme to secure the benefits set out in the rules. The trustees note that the calculated notional deficit or surplus can vary greatly from year to year depending on the assumptions made at the valuation date, but with normally little or no effect on short-term cash flows. This scheme is now closed to the accrual of future benefits. 

## _Group personal pension scheme_ 

Contributions payable to the group personal pension scheme are charged to the statement of financial activities in the period to which they relate. 

## Notes to the Financial Statements 31 July 2022 

## 1 Donations and legacies 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Unrestricted  Restricted  Total 2022  Unrestricted  Restricted  Total 2021<br>funds  ’000 funds  ’000 ’000 funds £’000 funds £’000 £’000<br>Donations for bursaries 45 177 223 45 224 269<br>and scholarships<br>Donations for DPL project - - - - 113 113<br>Other donations 231 84 315 262 226 448<br>Total 276 261 537 307 563 870<br>2  Income from investments<br>Unrestricted  Restricted  Total 2022  Unrestricted  Restricted  Total 2021<br>funds  ’000 funds  ’000 ’000 funds £’000 funds £’000 £’000<br>Bank Interest - - - 1 - 1<br>Dividend income - 1 1 - 1 1<br>Total 0 1 1 1 1 2<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## Debtors 

Debtors are recognised at their settlement amount, less any provision for non-recoverability. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid. They have been discounted to the present value of the future cash receipt where such discounting is material. 

## Cash at bank and in hand 

Cash at bank and in hand represents such financial statements and instruments that are available on-demand or have a maturity of fewer than three months from the date of acquisition. 

## Creditors and provisions 

Creditors and provisions are recognised when there is an obligation at the balance sheet date as a result of a past event, and it is probable that a transfer of economic benefit will be required in settlement, and the amount of the settlement can be estimated reliably. Creditors and provisions are recognised at the amount the charity anticipates it will pay to settle the debt. They have been discounted to the present value of the future cash payment where such discounting is material. 

## Operating leases 

Rentals payable under operating leases plus finance / Hire Purchase (HP) are charged on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. 

## Taxation 

The company is a registered charity and is not liable to United Kingdom income tax or corporation tax on charitable activities. 

## Fund Accounting 

Restricted funds comprise monies raised for, or which have their use restricted to, a specific purpose, or contributions subject to donor-imposed conditions. 

Unrestricted funds represent those monies which are freely available for application towards achieving any charitable purpose that falls within the charity’s charitable objects. 

The revaluation reserve is shown separately to general unrestricted funds. 

Pension liabilities that are considered to be very long-term are deducted from the general unrestricted funds to show the general reserves available in the shortand medium-term. 

3 Income from trading activities and expenditure on raising funds 

All income from trading activities and the expenditure on raising funds relates to trading and is unrestricted. 

## 4 Income from charitable activities 

||4<br>Income from charitable activities|
|---|---|
||Unrestricted<br>funds<br>’000<br>Restricted<br>funds<br>’000<br>Total 2022<br>’000<br>Unrestricted<br>funds £’000<br>Restricted<br>funds £’000<br>Total 2021<br>£’000|
||School fees<br>22,696<br>-<br>22,696<br>19,816<br>-<br>19,816<br>Membership subscriptions<br>177<br>-<br>177<br>170<br>-<br>170<br>Print Centre<br>170<br>-<br>170<br>10<br>-<br>10<br>Catering income<br>154<br>-<br>154<br>1<br>-<br>1<br>Other donations<br>257<br>7<br>264<br>253<br>-<br>253|
||Total funds<br>23,454<br>7<br>23,461<br>20,250<br>-<br>20,250|
||Fee Income Analysis<br>Unrestricted<br>funds<br>’000<br>Restricted<br>funds<br>’000<br>Total 2022<br>’000<br>Unrestricted<br>funds £’000<br>Restricted<br>funds £’000<br>Total 2021<br>£’000|
||Fee income for taught awards<br>21,854<br>-<br>21,854<br>19,072<br>-<br>19,072<br>Fee income from non-qualifying<br>courses<br>842<br>-<br>842<br>744<br>-<br>744|
||Total fee income<br>22,696<br>-<br>22,696<br>19,816<br>-<br>19,816|



26 

27 



||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
||28<br>5<br>Expenditure on charitable activities<br>Unrestricted<br>funds<br>’000<br>Restricted<br>funds<br>’000<br>Total 2022<br>’000<br>Unrestricted<br>funds £’000<br>Restricted<br>funds £’000<br>Total 2021<br>£’000<br>Cost of charitable activities<br>School expenses<br>17,895<br>253<br>18,148<br>14,883<br>435<br>15,318<br>Member services<br>397<br>-<br>397<br>236<br>-<br>236<br>Book and Slide Library<br>805<br>-<br>805<br>738<br>-<br>738<br>Print Centre<br>207<br>-<br>207<br>118<br>-<br>118<br>Publications and Communications<br>Studio<br>366<br>-<br>366<br>118<br>-<br>118<br>Exhibitions<br>112<br>-<br>112<br>108<br>-<br>108<br>Catering<br>387<br>-<br>387<br>145<br>-<br>145<br>Total<br>20,169<br>253<br>20,422<br>16,346<br>435<br>16,781<br>Included in school expenses above:<br>Total 2022<br>’000<br>Total 2021<br>£’000<br>Interest payable and similar charges<br>Long term loan interest<br>38<br>37<br>Mortgage loan interest<br>7<br>19<br>Hire purchase loan interest<br>-<br>1<br>Under Condition A (Access and participation for students from all backgrounds) Approved (fee cap) providers are required to have in<br>force an access and participation plan approved by OfS in accordance with HERA (2017). This is not a requirement of our registration<br>or our ongoing conditions of registration.<br>6<br>Staf Costs<br>Included in school expenses above:<br>Total 2022<br>’000<br>Total 2021<br>£’000<br>Wages and salaries<br>9,668<br>8,371<br>Social security costs<br>884<br>751<br>Pension costs<br>501<br>452<br>Total<br>11,053<br>9,574<br>The average number of employees for the year, including full-time equivalents (FTE), was:<br>2022<br>FTE<br>2022<br>No.<br>2021<br>FTE<br>2021<br>No.<br>Academic staf<br>92<br>310<br>81<br>275<br>Non-academic staf<br>120<br>127<br>114<br>130<br>Publications staf<br>3<br>3<br>3<br>4<br>Total<br>215<br>440<br>198<br>409||6<br>Staf Costs (continued)<br>The number of employees with emoluments (including taxable benefts but excluding employer’s national insurance and pension<br>contributions) within the following ranges was:<br>Total<br>2022<br>No<br>Total<br>2021<br>No||
||||£60,000 – £64,999<br>4<br>3||
||||£65,000 – £69,999<br>6<br>1||
||||£70,000 – £74,999<br>2<br>4||
||||£75,000 – £79,999<br>1<br>1||
||||£80,000 – £84,999<br>3<br>5||
||||£85,000 – £89,999<br>-<br>1||
||||£90,000 – £94,999<br>5<br>1||
||||£95,000 – £99,999<br>-<br>-||
||||£100,000 – £104,999<br>1<br>-||
||||£105,000 – £109,999<br>1<br>1||
||||£110,000 – £114,999<br>1<br>-||
||||£115,000 – £119,999<br>-<br>-||
||||£120,000 – £124,999<br>-<br>-||
||||£125,000 – £129,999<br>-<br>-||
||||£130,000 – £134,999<br>-<br>-||
||||£135,000 – £139,999<br>1<br>-||
||||29<br>Contributions of £110,518 (2021: £73,396) were also made to a personal pension scheme in respect of higher paid staf. These<br>contributions were in respect of 25 employees (2021: 17).<br>The School Director’s position was vacant during the year and the previous year.<br>The School Director’s basic salary as a multiple of the median of all staf was Nil (2021: Nil) and for total remuneration as a multiple<br>of the median of all staf was Nil (2021: Nil).<br>As a result of the School Director’s position being vacated, the Interim Exective Group was appointed as the interim cover for<br>the School Director.<br>The key management personnel of the charity in charge of directing and controlling, running and operating the charity on a day-to-day<br>basis comprised the Council members, the School Director (vacant), the Interim Executive Group and the Senior Management Team, as<br>set on pages 16–17. The total remuneration (including taxable benefts, employer’s national insurance and pension contributions) of the<br>key management personnel for the year was £1,481,093 (2021: £1,023,000).<br>No Council members (trustees) received any remuneration for their duties as a trustee from the group or charity during the year, with<br>the exception of an employee of the AA elected to Council.<br>The total remuneration made to this Council member in the year was £75,213 (2021: £61,016).<br>Travel and subsistence expenses reimbursed to members of the Council amounted to £1,206 (2021: £496).||





9 Other tangible fixed assets (Group and Charity) 

7 Net income for the year 

Net income for the year is stated after charging: 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Total Total<br>2022 2021<br>Group and charity ’000 £’000<br>Depreciation<br>Freehold buildings 41 41<br>Long leaseholds properties 143 143<br>Other tangible fixed assets 205 210<br>Auditor’s remuneration<br>Statutory audit  41 59<br>Other services  4 9<br>Operating leases 2,034 1,868<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## 8 Properties (Group and Charity) 

|I.<br>Freehold land and buildings<br>– Hooke Park||Land<br>£’000|Buildings<br>£’000|Assets under<br>construction<br>£’000|Total<br>’000|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Cost or deemed cost<br>At 1 August 2021<br>Additions<br>At 31 July 2022||600<br>-<br>600|2,031<br>1<br>2,032|277<br>277|2,908<br>1<br>2,909|
|Depreciation<br>At 1 August 2021<br>Charge for year||-<br>-|310<br>41|-<br>-|310<br>41|
|At 31 July 2022||-|351|-|351|
|Net book value<br>At 31 July 2022||600|1,681|277|2,558|
|At 31 July 2021||600|1,721|277|2,598|
|II.<br>Long leaseholds properties<br>Group and charity|34–36 Bedford<br>Square<br>Restricted<br>fund<br>£’000<br>Unrestricted<br>fund<br>£’000||37 Bedford<br>Square<br>Unrestricted<br>fund<br>£’000|39 Bedford<br>Square<br>Unrestricted<br>fund<br>£’000|Total<br>’000|
|Cost or deemed cost<br>At 1 August 2021|540|9,118|1,500|4,225|15,383|
|At 31 July 2022|540|9,118|1,500|4,225|15,383|
|Depreciation<br>At 1 August 2021<br>Charge for year|49<br>5|798<br>83|135<br>14|163<br>41|1,145<br>143|
|At 31 July 2022|54|882|149|203|1,288|
|Net book value<br>At 31 July 2022|486|8,236|1,351|4,022|14,095|
|At 31 July 2021|491|8,320|1,365|4,062|14,238|




**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Furniture, Library Slide and<br>fittings and books video<br>equipment Archives collection library Total<br>£’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 ’000<br>Cost or deemed cost<br>At 1 August 2021 4,142 280 1,285 2,409 8,116<br>Disposals -6 - - - -6<br>Additions 610 - - - 610<br>At 31 July 2022 4,747 280 1,285 2,409 8,721<br>Depreciation<br>At 1 August 2021 3,469 - - - 3,469<br>Disposals -6 - - - -6<br>Charge for the year 205 - - - 205<br>At 31 July 2022 3,668 - - - 3,668<br>Net book value<br>At 31 July 2022 1,079 280 1,285 2,409 5,053<br>At 31 July 2021 673 280 1,285 2,409 4,647<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


The net book value of plant and machinery included £0 (2021: £0) in respect of assets held under hire purchase agreements. The amount of depreciation charged for the year in respect of such assets amounted to £0 (2021: £1,894). 

30 

31 



11 Stock 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
10  Investments<br>Listed investments<br>2022 2021<br>Group and charity ’000 £’000<br>Market value at 1 August 2021 55 40<br>Net unrealised investment losses (0) 15<br>Market value at 31 July 2022 55 55<br>Historical cost at 31 July 2022 6 6<br>The following listed investments are considered to be material within the<br>Association’s investment portfolio:<br>2022 2021<br>’000 £’000<br>JPM UK Strategy Income Fund  51 51<br>Investments in subsidiary<br>undertakings<br>Charity £’000<br>Cost at 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2022 50<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


The fixed-asset investment in subsidiary undertakings represent the charitable company’s holding in its wholly-owned subsidiaries as follows: 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
|||
|---|---|
|Subsidiary undertaking|Principal activities|
|Architectural Association Publications Limited|Sale and distribution of publications|
|Hooke Park Educational Trust|Dormant|

**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


The results of Architectural Association Publications Limited (company registration number 2475416) are summarised below: 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
||||
|---|---|---|
|2022|2021|
|’000|£’000|
|Turnover|368|225|
|Cost of sales|(209)|(90)|
|Gross profit|158|135|
|Distribution costs|(33)|(6)|
|Administrative expenses|(122)|(126)|
|Operating profit|2|3|
|Retained profit|2|3|
|Capital and reserves|68|66|

**----- End of picture text -----**<br>



**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Group Charity<br>2022 2021 2022 2021<br>’000 £’000 ’000 £’000<br>Publications stock 60 148 - -<br>Bookshop stock 123 153 - -<br>Print Centre 12 6 12 6<br>Digital Prototyping Lab (DPL) 21 19 21 19<br>Catering 2 2 2 2<br>Model Workshop 3 2 3 2<br>Wood and Metal Workshop 6 4 6 4<br>227 334 44 33<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


12 Debtors 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|Group|Charity|
|2022|2021|2022|2021|
|’000|£’000|’000|£’000|
|Trade debtors|203|267|196|257|
|Other debtors|124|73|124|69|
|Prepayments and accrued income|569|614|567|614|
|Amount due from Architectural|161|262|
|Association Publications Limited|
|896|954|1,048|1,202|

**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


13 Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|Group|Charity|
|2022|2021|2022|2021|
|’000|£’000|’000|£’000|
|Trade creditors|644|447|644|445|
|Deposits from students|
|6,162|9,466|6,162|9,466|
|and fees in advance|
|Other creditors and accruals|1,124|903|1,111|886|
|Mortgage loans|-|136|-|136|
|Long term loan|187|181|187|181|
|Other taxes and social security costs|332|200|332|200|
|8,448|11,333|8,435|11,314|

**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


14 Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|Group|Charity|
|2022|2021|2022|2021|
|’000|£’000|’000|£’000|
|Long term loan|898|1,083|898|1,083|
|Deposits from students|4,995|5,572|4,995|5,572|
|5,893|6,656|5,893|6,656|

**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


32 

33 



## 14 Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year (continued) 

## _Mortgages_ 

## _Long term loan_ 

During the year ended 31 July 1997, the Association raised funds for the purchase of the lease on the 34–36 Bedford Square premises. An element of the funding for this purchase was in the form of a mortgage secured on the property. The mortgage was repaid fully in 2021–22. 

In December 2012, the Association had taken a £2,600,000 long term loan to fund the initial phase of its master plan. This loan is secured over the Association’s freehold and leasehold properties, and is repayable over fifteen years from January 2013 by monthly instalments of £18,338. The interest rate is set at 2.8% above the base rate for the term of the loan. 

During the year ended 31 July 2001, the Association had raised funds for the purchase of the lease on the 37 Bedford Square premises. An element of the funding for this purchase was in the form of a mortgage secured on the property. The mortgage was repaid fully in 2021–22. 

## _Analysis of debt maturity (Group and Charity)_ 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Amounts payable for mortgage and  2022 2021<br>long-term loans ’000 £’000<br>Between one and two years 193 187<br>Between two and five years 619 599<br>In five years or more 86 297<br>898 1,083<br>In one year or less 187 317<br>1,085 1,400<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## 15 Lease commitments (Group and Charity) 

The group has total commitments in respect of non-cancellable operating leases for land and building falling due as follows: 

|2022<br>’000|2021<br>£’000|
|---|---|
|Within one year<br>1,894<br>Between two and fve years<br>7,575<br>Between fve and ten years<br>5,744|1,894<br>7,575<br>6,997|
|15,213|16,466|



## 16 Capital commitments (Group and Charity) 

The group has no commitments in respect of capital projects falling due (2021: none). 

## 17 Analysis of net assets by funds (Group) 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
General and<br>revaluation<br>reserves  Restricted 2022 Total<br>£’000 funds £’000 funds  ’000<br>Freehold properties 2,558 - 2,558<br>Long leasehold properties 12,205 1,891 14,096<br>Other tangible fixed assets 5,053 - 5,053<br>Investments - 55 55<br>Net current assets 9,699 190 9,889<br>-<br>Creditors due after more than one year (5,893) (5,893)<br>-<br>Pension liability (234) (234)<br>23,388 2,136 25,524<br>Analysis of net assets by funds (Group – Comparatives) General and<br>revaluation<br>reserves  Restricted 2021 Total<br>£’000 funds £’000 funds  ’000<br>Freehold properties 2,598 - 2,598<br>Long leasehold properties 12,347 1,891 14,238<br>Other tangible fixed assets 4,648 - 4,648<br>Investments - 55 55<br>Net current assets 7,166 174 7,340<br>-<br>Creditors due after more than one year (6,656) (6,656)<br>-<br>Pension liability (417) (417)<br>19,686 2,121 21,806<br>Analysis of net assets by funds (Charity) General and<br>revaluation<br>reserves  Restricted 2022 Total<br>£’000 funds £’000 funds  ’000<br>Freehold properties 2,558 - 2,558<br>Long leasehold properties 12,203 1,892 14,095<br>Other tangible fixed assets 5,053 - 5,053<br>Investments - 55 55<br>Investment in subsidiary 50 - 50<br>Net current assets 9,632 189 9,822<br>-<br>Creditors due after more than one year (5,893) (5,893)<br>-<br>Pension liability (234) (234)<br>23,370 2,136 25,506<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


34 

35 



18 Restricted funds (Group and Charity) 

19 Revaluation reserve (Group Charity) 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
At 1 August Income Expenditure Investment At 31 July<br>2021 £’000 £’000 £’000 gains £’000 2022  ’000<br>John Dennys Memorial Fund 84 - - - 84<br>Long Leasehold Fund 511 - - - 511<br>Hooke Park Fund 170 - - - 170<br>AA Foundation (DPL Fund) 1,211 - - - 1,211<br>Miscellaneous School Activities Fund 144 269 (254) - 160<br>Total restricted funds 2,120 269 (254) (0) 2,136<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>



**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
’000<br>Balance as at 1 August 2021 9,835<br>Balance at 31 July 2022 9,835<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## 20 Pension schemes 

## Restricted funds (Group and Charity – Comparatives) 

||At 1 August<br>2021 £’000|Income<br>£’000|Expenditure<br>£’000|Investment<br>losses £’000|At 31 July<br>2022<br>’000|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|John Dennys Memorial Fund<br>Long Leasehold Fund<br>Hooke Park Fund<br>AA Foundation (DPL Fund)<br>Miscellaneous School Activities Fund|84<br>511<br>170<br>1,098<br>113|-<br>-<br>-<br>113<br>452|-<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>(436)|-<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>15|84<br>511<br>170<br>1,211<br>144|
|Total restricted funds|1,976|565|(436)|15|2,120|



## _Defined benefit pension scheme_ 

The Association operates a defined benefit scheme, which is closed to any future service accrual, The Architectural Association (Incorporated) Staff Retirements Benefits Plan. 

The contributions are determined based on triennial valuations by a qualified actuary using the defined accrued benefit method. The total pension cost amounted to £130,596 (2021: £130,596). 

The most recent triennial valuation was as at 31 July 2021 and showed the market value of the scheme’s assets was £4,490,000 and that the ongoing funding level was 89%. The assumptions which have the most significant effect on the results of the valuation are as follows: 

|•|RPI|3.10%|
|---|---|---|
|•|CPI|2.70%|
|•|Increases to pensions in payments|3.40%|



The next triennial valuation will be at 31 July 2024 and will be completed in 2025. 

Further details of restricted funds are as follows: 

- John Dennys Memorial Fund – to further the study of architecture by endowing an annual visiting lectureship. 

- Long Leasehold Fund – donations towards the purchase of the lease for 34–36 Bedford Square. 

- Hooke Park Fund – to improve facilities for students at Hooke Park, Dorset. Two generous legacies initially created the fund. 

- DPL Fund – represented by donations from the AAF towards the DPL project. 

- Miscellaneous School Activities Fund – sponsorship for specific teaching programmes. 

The following information is based upon a full actuarial valuation of the scheme at 31 July 2021, updated to 31 July 2022 by a qualified independent actuary using the FRS 102 guidelines. 

## Employee benefit obligations 

The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are as follows: 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
2022  2021<br>’000 £’000<br>Present value of funded obligations 3,782 4,907<br>The fair value of scheme assets (3,548) (4,490)<br>Deficit in scheme 234 417<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


36 

37 



## 20 Pension schemes (continued) 

## _Defined benefit scheme (continued)_ 

## 20 Pension schemes (continued) 

The major categories of plan assets as a percentage of total plan assets are as follows: 

The amounts recognised in the statement of financial activities are as follows: 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
2022  2021<br>’000 £’000<br>Interest on pension plan obligations 73 64<br>Return on plan assets (68) (56)<br>Total interest expense  5 8<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


The changes in the pension deficit are as follows: 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
||||
|---|---|---|
|2022|2021|
|’000|£’000|
|Opening pension deficit|(417)|(742)|
|Net interest|(5)|(8)|
|Actuarial gains (loss)|57|202|
|Employer contributions|131|131|
|Closing pension deficit|(234)|(417)|

**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation are as follows: 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
||||
|---|---|---|
|2022|2021|
|’000|£’000|
|Opening defined benefit obligation|4,907|5,001|
|Interest cost|73|64|
|Actuarial (gains) loss|(1,106)|(50)|
|Benefits paid|(92)|(108)|
|Closing pension deficit|3,782|4,907|

**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Changes in the fair value of plan assets are as follows: 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
||||
|---|---|---|
|2022|2021|
|’000|£’000|
|Opening fair value of plan assets|4,490|4,259|
|Return on assets|68|56|
|Actuarial gain|(1,049)|152|
|Employer contributions|131|131|
|Benefits paid|(92)|(108)|
|Closing fair value of plan assets|3,548|4,490|

**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


The Association expects to contribute £231,000 to the plan in 2023. 


**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
2022 2021<br>% %<br>Equities 9% 0%<br>Gilts 24% 22%<br>Property 8% 5%<br>Cash 4% 2%<br>Diversified Growth Fund 55% 71%<br>100% 100%<br>Principal actuarial assumptions at the balance sheet date (expressed as weighted averages):<br>2022 2021<br>% %<br>Discount rate 3.40% 1.50%<br>Rate of increase of pensions in payment 2.70% 2.70%<br>Rate of increase of pensions in deferment 2.70% 2.70%<br>Inflation assumption 3.10% 3.20%<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## _Group personal pension scheme_ 

With effect from 1 August 2007, the Association opened a Group Personal Pension Scheme with Scottish Widows which transferred to Aegon in 2012. The employer’s contribution rates vary depending upon the employees’ length of service. The pension cost charge amounted to £150,035 (2021: £109,940) representing the Association’s contributions payable for the year. 

As from 1 April 2014, an Auto Enrolment Pension Scheme had commenced with Aegon. The pension cost charge this year amounted to £351,253 (2021: £341,959) representing the Association’s contributions payable for the year. 

## 21 Limited by guarantee 

The guarantees of its registered members limit the charitable company’s liability. Each registered member has agreed to accept a liability not exceeding £1 should the company be wound up. At 31 July 2022, the total of such guarantees amounted to £15 (2021: £18). 

## 22 Related party transactions 

During the year, the charity provided services of £141,000 (2021: £119,000) and purchased goods and services totalling £202,000 (2021: £136,000) from Architectural Association Publications Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary. 

During the year, the charity received a grant to help fund the studies of individuals through bursaries and scholarships of £235,000 (2021: £282,000) from the Architectural Association Foundation, a charity registered in England and Wales (Charity Number 328455). 

38 

39 



Architectural Association Annual Report 2021–22 

Architectural Association 36 Bedford Square London WC1B 3ES T +44 (0)20 7887 4000 

Architectural Association (Inc), Registered CharityNo 311083 Company limited by guarantee Registered in England No 171402 Registered Office as above Edited and designed by AA Communications Studio