Keble Associa,on Annual Report 2024/25
Demand for grants has now not only recovered to pre-pandemic levels, but has exceeded each of the previous six years in both number and value. The associa=on this year received 137 applica=ons (129 in 2023/24) and awarded 109 grants, returning for the second year running to the level of around 100 that was the norm before academic year 2019/20, during which the pandemic struck.
Together with the new higher maximums payable for each grant, which we raised three years ago, this has helped our total spending reach £58,511 – exceeding our budget of £58,000 by a small margin with the prior consent of our execu=ve commiMee.
Summary
Total spend is £58,511 – a 5% increase from last year’s level and a 28% increase from the 2018/19 pre-pandemic baseline.
agreed a modest budget overspend of up to £2,400. Due to projects falling through and other funding sources being iden=fied by applicants, this overspend has been reduced to around £500. The new higher budget was agreed by ExCo at the October 2023 mee=ng.
The expenditure went towards over 109 grants – a 4% increase from last year and a 9% increase from the 2018/19 pre-pandemic baseline.
107 grants were approved to individuals and two to support the college’s Arts Week. It is the first year that both the Junior Common Room and Middle Common Room applied for grantfunding to support Arts Week.
Individual awards were approved for:
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40 undergraduates (19 in 2022/23 and 27 in 2023/24) and 69 graduates (51 in
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2022/23 and 77 in 2023/24).
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46 arts and 63 science students.
Study
Study Grants con=nue to account for 70% of our total spend (71% in 2023-24). Around half of all grant-giving in this category (by number and value) is for graduates travelling to conferences, some=mes simply to aMend but most o_en to present their research. These are some highlights of the projects that went ahead:
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80 grants were approved (83 in 2023-24).
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52 were for students aMending or presen=ng research at academic conferences of which 44 were graduates.
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10 were for students aMending summer schools or holiday courses.
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2 were for students staying in Oxford during vaca=ons to work on projects.
Travel
A strong humanitarian focus is required for these grants. We awarded nine grants. Five were for medical students undertaking elec=ves in Ghana and Zambia, Brazil, India and Nepal, Vietnam and the Philippines, and Tasmania. Two were for teaching in India, one at a STEM summer school, and one in a rural school. Two were for mentoring in underprivileged Japanese schools.
Arts
We made 11 grants. We were pleased to con=nue our support for Arts Week with total grants of £2,310 this year, for the first =me suppor=ng an MCR Arts Week in addi=on to our long-standing support of the JCR. We supported the development and staging of three plays, a show at the Edinburgh Fringe, singing and conduc=ng lessons, a music video and short
Internships
We awarded nine grants for students who had secured places at, among others, The Telegraph, King’s College London, the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and the United Na=ons Relief and Works Agency for Pales=ne Refugees in the Near East in Amman, Jordan.
● An Archaeology and Anthropology undergraduate undertaking an internship with the United Na=ons Relief and Works Agency for Pales=ne Refugees in the Near East in Amman, Jordan.
Gordon Smith Awards for Geography projects were given to:
● A Nature, Society and Environmental Governance graduate undertaking disserta=on fieldwork inves=ga=ng the resurgence of seaweed and its industrial farming in the UK.
● A Geography and the Environment graduate to aMend and present at a conference and collaborate with research partners at the University of Cape Town on the dynamics of the southern African climate system.
● A Nature, Society and Environmental Governance undergraduate to undertake Fieldwork in Norway to inves=gate the Fosen wind farm controversy and its policy implica=ons.
Dick FawceM Awards for contribu=ons to musical life in college were given to:
● A Music undergraduate for a conduc=ng lesson with a West End musical director.
● An Engineering undergraduate to aMend a compe==ve choral course in Florence.
We did not award any Jack Lane (performing arts) this academic year.
RejecCons
The sub-commiMee has sought to be rigorous in applying its grant criteria. Applica=ons were rejected if they did not sufficiently relate to the charitable purposes of the KA, or the grants’ criteria. An especially stringent approach to grant-giving was applied in Trinity Term when it became clear our budget was likely to be exceeded. As a result, 24 applica=ons were rejected this year (10 for Study grants, 7 for Travel, 2 for Arts, 5 for Internship). This compares to 24 in 2023/24 (20 for Study, 3 for Travel, 1 for Internship).
Audit Arrangements
back to us. The associa=on is now systema=cally chasing up those who fail to provide a report.
Sustainable Travel Policy
an inconsistent applica=on of the flight levy by applicants and the emerging administra=ve burden of ensuring adherence, this element of the policy was subsequently suspended.
However, as part of our wider commitment to sustainable travel our guidance con=nues to restrict funding for air travel to Eurostar des=na=ons and allows more generous grant-giving when applicants choose to u=lise sustainable travel op=ons, even when these are more expensive than alterna=ve less sustainable modes.
Updates to Guidance
The grants commiMee has made other minor updates to its guidance to ensure a consistent approach to decision-making, for example: restric=ng grant funding for projects which take undergraduates out of college during term =me, except in excep=onal circumstances where support has been secured. We have also restricted grant funding (par=cularly travel costs) for projects to an applicants’ out-of-term residence to avoid funding ‘trips home’.
Conclusions
The breadth and depth of applica=ons we receive each year is testament to the vibrancy of academic and personal endeavour of undergraduates and graduates at Keble.
Dated: 1 July 2025
Keble Association Annual General Meeting 2025
President’s Report
Introduction
The past year has seen a return to pre-pandemic levels of grant requests. This was to be expected as events have moved away from being online, resulting in more of our students needing to travel in order to attend those gatherings which enrich their studies.
We have continued to work closely with the Development Office and the College and remain grateful for all the support they provide. The various committees, ExCo (Executive Committee), Trustees and Grants, have met regularly to carry out their functions. Here the focus has been to review and update a range of our processes and procedures.
Grants and Awards
In October 2024 the Trustees decided to maintain the level of grant giving at £58,000 for the year. This decision was made against the background of challenging economic times for many of the College’s graduate and undergraduate students. This may well result in the Association needing to use some of its reserves this year. Having needed to consider this possibility, the Trustees have begun to address the issue of using reserves and our reserve levels. We have started the process of writing a Reserve Policy which will be used in future years to help determine the level of grant giving which can be sustained.
As is often the case, we have recently been in receipt of a generous £5,000 legacy. This, alongside our intention to move our reserves, consolidating them in the better performing OUEM, and a renewed membership drive via the College website will, we hope, increase our incomings and offset this higher level of outgoings so that the years when we might need to discuss the use of our reserves are minimised.
This year saw a change in the Chair of the Grants Sub-Committee. Vivek Srivastava stepped down and Daniel Wilson took on this role. In one of his first reports to Trustees Daniel took them through the timeline of the grant-giving process. This supported the Trustees’ understanding of the requirements and checks in place to ensure that any grants awarded meet the Charity’s objects. The Grants Sub-Committee has also been discussing possible changes in the post-grant reporting process in order to make this more ‘user
friendly’ for the recipients. The intention of this is to improve the level of report submissions.
Having initially adopted the University’s Sustainability Policy towards air travel, the Grants Sub-Committee found that it was challenging to apply this consistently across the grant applicants. It was a confusing process for those requesting the grants and was leading to issues in both the application and award phases of the process. As a result, the Committee made the decision to stop following the central policy, in the short term, so that they could take time to consider and design a policy more appropriate to the Association’s process.
Following a bumper year of grant requests, the Grants Sub-Committee approached ExCo to see if they might breach the grant upper limit by £2,358.12 as they had had so many requests in the final term. ExCo agreed to this for the current year and are hopeful that the creation of a Reserves Policy will help guide any future decisions on these matters in future.
I would like to take this opportunity to thank Vivek Srivastava, Daniel Wilson and all the members of the Grants Sub-Committee for their work over the past year. In particular, to Vivek Srivastava who has served as Chair for many years and under whose tenure the Grants Sub-Committee has awarded the Keble Association’s funds in a thoughtful and appropriate manner.
Governance
The Executive Committee are grateful to our outgoing Treasurer, Vivek Sharma, for his dedication to the Keble Association over many years and, more recently, in preparing our accounts for submission. We would like to thank him again for all his hard work in a number of roles over the years as an Officer and Trustee of the Keble Association.
I am very happy to share that we have found another member of the Keble Association who has come forward to be our new Treasurer, Stephen Woodard (1984). He will be proposed in our meetings today and I am confident that the Keble Association will benefit from the wealth of experience Stephen will bring to this role.
In our meetings last year, we decided to employ an external accountancy firm to prepare our accounts in future, and so the ExCo has obtained a selection of quotations for this service. We are now working with Saledgers and I was grateful for their help in submitting the 2022-2023 accounts. They have also been retained to complete our 2023-2024 accounts, where submission is imminent.
As part of our focus on reviewing our procedures, we have engaged an external agency to carry out a ‘health check’ of the Keble Association, its governance and policies. We look forward to working with them and feel that their advice will be invaluable in supporting us to improve how we function as a Charity and act on behalf of all our members. I expect to be able to report back on this in next year’s report.
Our Membership Secretary, Sam Edwards, has worked with the Development Office to improve our online presence, in particular, to simplify the signing up process. We hope to see this increase our membership and Sam is keeping a close eye on the data to see what impact this is having.
Social
The Association’s Annual Dinner took place, once more, at the Ironmonger’s Hall on Saturday 1[st] February, 2025. Once again tickets were discounted for younger alumni and they brought energy and enthusiasm to the event. We enjoyed hearing updates about the College from the Warden and both the JCR and MCR Presidents. I would like to thank all those involved in putting on this event, especially Krista Karpinnen and Sam.
The provisional date for the next Annual Dinner is proposed, subject to confirmation, to be Saturday 7[th] February 2026.
Nicola Wintle, President, Keble Association June 2025.
Charity registration number: 309688
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Contents
| Reference and Administrative Details | 1 |
|---|---|
| Statement of Trustees' Responsibilities | 2 |
| Independent Examiner's Report | 3 |
| Statement of Financial Activities | 4 |
| Balance Sheet | 5 |
| Notes to the Financial Statements | 6 to 13 |
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Reference and Administrative Details
Trustees Nicola Wintle, President Vivek Srivastava, Vice President Victor Smart, Secretary Alessandra Martorana, Student Liaison Officer Brigadier Jeremy Mooney, Executive Committee John Dant, Executive Committee Scott Barnes Gautam Mittal Keith Oborn Stephen Loncar Dan Hudson Stephen Woodard, Treasurer & Executive Committee Charity Registration Number 309688 Principal Office C/O Development Office Keble College Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PG Independent Examiner Timothy Povey 57 Canbury Park Road Kingston KT2 6LQ
Page 1
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Statement of Trustees' Responsibilities
The trustees are responsible for preparing the financial statements in accordance with the United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice) and applicable law and regulations.
The law applicable to charities requires the trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of the incoming resources and application of resources of the charity for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the trustees are required to:
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select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
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observe the methods and principles in the Charities SORP;
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make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
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state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and
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prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the charity will continue in business.
The trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Charities Act 2011, the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008, and the provisions of the constitution. The trustees are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the charitable company's website. Legislation governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.
Approved by the trustees of the charity on 28 May 2026 and signed on its behalf by:
......................................... Nicola Wintle Trustee
Page 2
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Independent Examiner's Report to the trustees of The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
I report to the trustees on my examination of the accounts of The Keble Association ICW Oxford University for the year ended 31 July 2025.
Responsibilities and basis of report
As the charity trustees of The Keble Association ICW Oxford University you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 2011 (‘the Act’).
I report in respect of my examination of the The Keble Association ICW Oxford University's accounts carried out under section 145 of the 2011 Act and in carrying out my examination I have followed all the applicable Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the Act.
Independent examiner’s statement
I have completed my examination. I confirm that no material matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect:
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accounting records were not kept in respect of The Keble Association ICW Oxford University as required by section 130 of the Act; or
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the accounts do not accord with those records; or
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the accounts do not comply with the accounting requirements concerning the form and content of accounts set out in the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 other than any requirement that the accounts give a ‘true and fair view' which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination.
I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.
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......................................
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...................................... Timothy Povey ICAEW
57 Canbury Park Road Kingston KT2 6LQ
28 May 2026
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The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Statement of Financial Activities for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
| Year ended 31st July 2025 Note Income and Endowments from: Donations and legacies Investment income 3 Total income Expenditure on: Charitable activities Total expenditure Unrealised Gains/losses on investment assets Net income Net movement in funds Reconciliation of funds Total funds brought forward Total funds carried forward 13 Year ended 31st July 2024 Note Income and Endowments from: Donations and legacies Investment income 3 Total income Expenditure on: Charitable activities Total expenditure Unrealised Gains/losses on investment assets Net income/(expenditure) Net movement in funds Reconciliation of funds Total funds brought forward Total funds carried forward 13 |
Unrestricted funds £ 27,424 15,274 42,698 (57,692) (57,692) 25,014 10,020 10,020 571,515 581,535 Unrestricted funds £ 39,784 16,771 56,555 (54,765) (54,765) 47,360 49,150 49,150 522,365 571,515 |
Restricted funds £ - - - - - - - - 310 310 Restricted funds £ - - - (2,040) (2,040) - (2,040) (2,040) 2,350 310 |
Total 2025 £ 27,424 15,274 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42,698 | |||
| (57,692) | |||
| (57,692) 25,014 |
|||
| 10,020 | |||
| 10,020 571,825 |
|||
| 581,845 | |||
| Total 2024 £ 39,784 16,771 |
|||
| 56,555 | |||
| (56,805) | |||
| (56,805) 47,360 |
|||
| 47,110 | |||
| 47,110 524,715 |
|||
| 571,825 |
All of the charity's activities derive from continuing operations during the above two periods. The funds breakdown for 2024 is shown in note 13.
The notes on pages 6 to 13 form an integral part of these financial statements. Page 4
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
(Registration number: 309688) Balance Sheet as at 31 July 2025
| Note Fixed assets Investments 9 Current assets Debtors 10 Cash at bank and in hand 11 Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year 12 Net current assets Net assets Funds of the charity: Restricted income funds Restricted funds 13 Unrestricted income funds Unrestricted funds Total funds 13 |
2025 £ 467,142 10,073 108,269 118,342 (3,639) 114,703 581,845 310 581,535 581,845 |
2024 £ 442,127 13,025 119,494 |
|---|---|---|
| 132,519 (2,821) |
||
| 129,698 | ||
| 571,825 | ||
| 310 571,515 |
||
| 571,825 |
The financial statements on pages 4 to 13 were approved by the trustees, and authorised for issue on 28 May 2026 and signed on their behalf by:
......................................... Nicola Wintle Trustee
The notes on pages 6 to 13 form an integral part of these financial statements. Page 5
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
1 Accounting policies
Statement of compliance
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the second edition of the Charities Statement of Recommended Practice issued in October 2019, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Charities Act 2011.
Basis of preparation
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102. The accounts (financial statements) have been prepared under the historical cost convention with items recognised at cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant note(s) to these accounts.
Going concern
The trustees considers that there are no material uncertainties about the Keble Association’s ability to continue as a going concern. There are no material uncertainties affecting the current year’s accounts. In future years, the key risks to the Keble Association are a fall in income from donations or investment income but the trustees have arrangements in place to mitigate those risks.
Income and endowments
Voluntary income including donations, gifts, legacies and grants that provide core funding or are of a general nature is recognised when the charity has entitlement to the income, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured with sufficient reliability.
Donations and legacies
Donations and legacies are recognised on a receivable basis when receipt is probable and the amount can be reliably measured.
Investment income
Dividends are recognised once the dividend has been declared and notification has been received of the dividend due.
Expenditure
All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all costs related to each category of expense shown in the Statement of Financial Activities. Expenditure is recognised when the following criteria are met:
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there is a present legal or constructive obligation resulting from a past event
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it is more likely than not that a transfer of benefits (usually a cash payment) will be required in settlement
• the amount of the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably. Irrecoverable VAT is charged against the category of resources expended for which it was incurred.
Charitable activities
Charitable expenditure comprises those costs incurred by the charity in the delivery of its activities and services for its beneficiaries. It includes both costs that can be allocated directly to such activities and those costs of an indirect nature necessary to support them.
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The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
Grant provisions
Provisions for grants are made when the intention to make a grant has been communicated to the recipient but there is uncertainty about either the timing of the grant or the amount of grant payable.
Governance costs
These include the costs attributable to the charity’s compliance with constitutional and statutory requirements, including audit, strategic management and trustees meetings and reimbursed expenses.
Taxation
The Keble Association is able to take advantage of the tax exemptions available to charities in respect of income and capital gains to the extent that such income and gains are applied to exclusively charitable purposes.
Fixed asset investments
Fixed asset investments are included at market value at the balance sheet date. Realised gains and losses on investments are calculated as the difference between sales proceeds and their market value at the start of the year, or their subsequent cost, and are charged or credited to the Statement of Financial Activities in the period of disposal.
Unrealised gains and losses represent the movement in market values during the year and are credited or charged to the Statement of Financial Activities based on the market value at the year end.
Debtors
Debtors are recognised initially at the transaction price. They are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment. A provision for the impairment of such debtors is established when there is objective evidence that the charity will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and call deposits, and other short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.
Trade creditors
Trade Creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if the does not have an unconditional right, at the end of the reporting period, to defer settlement of the creditor for at least twelve months after the reporting date. If there is an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting date, they are presented as non-current liabilities.
They are recognised initially at the transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Fund structure
Unrestricted income funds are general funds that are available for use at the trustees discretion in furtherance of the objectives of the charity.
Page 7
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
The restricted fund arose from a bequest in February 2022 of £10,000 from the estate of the late Joan Smith, widow of the late Gordon Smith, ex Geography Fellow of Keble College. This fund is restricted to study and travel grants for students studying at the School of Geography.
Funds are managed by the trustees on a total return basis. This means that the funds are invested to maximise the return on investment without regard as to whether that return is in the form of income from dividends or interest or capital appreciation (where the market value of the investment increases). The trustees decide how much of that return is released to income for spending and how much is retained for investment. The allocation is made on an equitable basis to balance the need to fund current grant giving as well as to invest returns for the future.
2 Income from donations and legacies
| Donations and legacies; Donations from individuals Gift aid reclaimed Total for 2025 Total for 2024 |
Unrestricted funds General £ 25,962 1,462 27,424 39,784 |
Total funds £ 25,962 1,462 |
|---|---|---|
| 27,424 | ||
| 39,784 |
Page 8
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
3 Investment income
| Interest receivable and similar income; Interest receivable on bank deposits Other income from fixed asset investments Total for 2025 Total for 2024 |
Unrestricted funds General £ 1,033 14,241 15,274 16,771 |
Total funds £ 1,033 14,241 |
|---|---|---|
| 15,274 | ||
| 16,771 |
4 Expenditure on charitable activities
| Grant funding of activities Governance costs Total for 2025 Total for 2024 |
Unrestricted funds General £ 56,613 1,079 57,692 54,765 |
Restricted funds £ - - - 2,040 |
Total funds £ 56,613 1,079 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 57,692 | |||
| 56,805 |
Page 9
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
5 Analysis of governance and support costs
Governance costs
| Legal and professional fees Other governance costs Independent Examiner’s remuneration Total for 2025 Total for 2024 |
Unrestricted funds General £ 250 79 750 1,079 1,728 |
Total funds £ 250 79 750 |
|---|---|---|
| 1,079 | ||
| 1,728 |
6 Grant-making
Analysis of grants
| Analysis Study Grants Music and Drama Humanitarian Travel Internship |
Grants to individuals 2025 £ 2024 £ 31,005 40,910 6,572 2,945 14,249 3,400 4,787 7,822 56,613 55,077 |
Grants to individuals 2025 £ 2024 £ 31,005 40,910 6,572 2,945 14,249 3,400 4,787 7,822 56,613 55,077 |
|---|---|---|
| 55,077 |
The support costs associated with grant-making are £Nil (31 July 2024 - £Nil).
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The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
7 Trustees remuneration and expenses
No trustees, nor any persons connected with them, have received any remuneration from the charity during the year.
No trustees have received any reimbursed expenses or any other benefits from the charity during the year.
8 Taxation
The charity is a registered charity and is therefore exempt from taxation.
9 Fixed asset investments
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2025 2024
£ £
Other investments 467,142 442,127
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Other investments
Investments are held with M&G and Invesco in a range of both income generating and capital growth funds.
Page 11
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
10 Debtors
| 10 Debtors | ||
|---|---|---|
| Trade debtors Keble College Debtor 11 Cash and cash equivalents Cash at bank Short-term deposits 12 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year Trade creditors Accruals |
2025 £ 5,565 4,508 10,073 2025 £ 1,000 107,269 108,269 2025 £ 2,639 1,000 3,639 |
2024 £ 5,565 7,460 |
| 13,025 | ||
| 2024 £ 1,000 118,494 |
||
| 119,494 | ||
| 2024 £ 2,821 - |
||
| 2,821 |
Page 12
The Keble Association ICW Oxford University
Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 July 2025
13 Funds
| Unrestricted funds General General Restricted funds Geography Travel and Study Fund Total funds Unrestricted funds General General Restricted Geography Travel and Study Fund Total funds |
Balance at 1 August 2024 £ 571,515 310 571,825 Balance at 1 August 2023 £ 522,365 2,350 524,715 |
Incoming resources £ 42,698 - 42,698 Incoming resources £ 56,555 - 56,555 |
Resources expended £ (57,692) - (57,692) Resources expended £ (54,765) (2,040) (56,805) |
Other recognised gains/(losses) £ 25,014 - 25,014 Other recognised gains/(losses) £ 47,360 - 47,360 |
Balance at 31 July 2025 £ 581,535 310 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 581,845 | |||||
| Balance at 31 July 2024 £ 571,515 310 |
|||||
| 571,825 |
14 Related party transactions
There were no related party transactions in the year.
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SIGN