REGISTERED COMPANY NUMBER: 01578133 (England and Wales)
REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: 283354
Report of tbe Trustees and
Financial Statements
for the l'ear Ended 31st March 2025
for
COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMtTED
AttenE()roughs (Accountants) Limited
Statutory Auditor
l Towcr Hous¢
To￿"er Centre
HixldLsdon
Hertfordshirc
ENII 8UR

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Contcnt5 of the Financial Statcmcnt5
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
Page
Report of the Trustees
Report of the Independent Audilors
Statement of Financi21 Activities
12
Balanee Sheet
13 to 14
Cash Flow staten￿nt
15
Note5 to the Cash FloTh Statement
16
Note5 to the Financial Statements
17 to 29
Detailed Statsment of Financial Activities
30 to 31

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Report of the Trust￿￿
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
The trustees who are also directors of the charity for the purwses of the Companies Act 2006, present their report with
the financial statemcnis of thc charity for the ycar ended 3 1st March 2025. The trustees havc adoplcd Ihc provisions of
Accounting and Rewrting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their
accounts in accordance with the Financial Rewrting SL￿dard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)
(effective l January 2019).
OBJECTIVES AND ACTtvrrtES
Objectives and aims
The objectives of the Trust are to advance the education of the public in the science of archaeology and to promote the
appropriate preservation, recordiT]g, excavation and interyjrelation of archaei)logical sites and historic buildings in
Colchester and the neighbouring districts.
To achieve these end5 the Trust has the poweT to conduct archaeological excavations and surveys, carry out appropTiate
research, publish the results and mount exhibitions. The Trusl is obliged to ensure the safe-keeping of all its fmds and
records and to arrange for their eventual dep)sition in an appropriate public institution.
Powers to achieve these ends include:
a} thc abilily to acquirc, mortgagc, r¢nt or s¢ll rcal or pcrsonal ¢stat¢;
b) the ability to construct, maintain or alter houses or other buildings;
c) to accept gifts of prO￿rty'
d) thc ability to raise money by appeals or subscriptions or by accepting donations pmviding that thc Trust docs not
undertake tErmanent trading activities in raising funds for ihe objectives of the Trust.
Ensuring our work delivcrs our aims
We review our aims, objectives and activities each year. The review l(K)ks at ivhat we have achieved and the progress of
our work in thc pr¢vious 12 monihs.Th¢ r¢vi¢w also hclps us to cnsur¢ our airy obj¢ctiv&8 and activiti¢s rcmain focus¢d
on our stated purpose. We have refe￿ed to the guidance contained in the Charity Commission's general guidance on
public benefit when reviewing our aim and objectives and in planning our future activilies.
Public benefit
The Trust promotes archaeology through lectures and open days on sites. these and other charitable activities are
undertaken to further our charitable purposes for tbe public benefit.
Volunteers
Volunteers continue to play a crucial role in the development of the centre and in the work of the Trust. About 30
volunteers came to offer help on a regular basis throughoui the year on a range of projects and Lqsks including interacting
with visito[7 to the centre, gardenin& helping proces5 archaeological finds from recent excavations. or helping to make
our giant I..4￿ scale model of the Roman toThTr. Trustee volunteer Neil Staff aided by Richard Tixld and other volunteers
continucd to undcrtakc much needed mainlenancc and improvement ￿..ork in and around thc iwisitor ccntrc and the Trust
offices above.
Page I

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Report of the Trust￿￿
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
ACHIEVEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE
STRATECJIC REPORT
Achievement and perforniance
Last year's increased I￿rf0mlanCe was ll]aintained. Total income this year was £1,429,151 (2024: £1,161,807) of which
£1,393,585 (2024.. £971,957) related to field1v0￿ contracts.
As in recent previous annual reports, we present below a measure of perfomiance based on the completion dates of the
project reports since these provide a clearer indicaiion of perfonnance and achievement than project starting dates. The
completed Teports consist mainly of accouT]ts of iT]vestigation5 on development site5, desktop assessments of
archaeological sites, archaeological excavations, and hisloric building surveys. These reports were uploaded on to the
CAT/University of Essex domain (http.'/lcat.essex.ac.uk) and thereby. with the exception of the desktop assessments,
made available for free and unrestricted public downloa(L This will be moN'ed from the University of Essex onto CATS
own website during 2025-26.
Based on the reports fmished in the year, the following table reveals the now familiar geographical spread of projects in
which we can see a fairly even split between Colchester and the rest of Essex with limited penetration into the
surrounding countics.
Year
ColLhe5ter
Elsewhere in Essex
Suffolk
Hertfordshire
Cambridge
Norfolk
Somerset
Kent
London
Tyne & W&2r
Total
2024-25
35
72
2023-24
47
69
2022-23
73
72
2021-22
79
63
2020-21
77
63
120
129
152
151
153
The number of quolations accepted in ihe financial year 2024-25 for future new projects (as opw)sed to ￿rther work on
existing ones) is another good, albeit indireci, indicator of the Tn]st's perf0rnll￿ce during Ihat period. The number of jobs
for which quotations w¢rc giv¢n during this tim¢ was 188 (120), of which 63.83 % wcr¢ sucCcss￿l. Thc total valuc of thc
latter group is simikn to that of the previous year. Although this year has been another relatively slow year in tern]s of
actual fieldworL CAT has managed a net invoicing amount of £1.281, 657.
The breakd0Th￿ in tenns of project type for 2024-25 as compared with previous years:
Year
Desktop assessment
Biiilding rccording
watching briefs
Excavations
Evaluation5
Geophysical surveys
Hcritagc impact statcmcnts
Totals
202*25
14
13
45
io
38
2023-24
14
13
45
2022-23
15
2021-22
12
2020-21
12
15
53
13
55
57
22
45
49
51
120
128
152
151
153
Fieldwork
Page 2

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Report of the Trust￿￿
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
The year 2024_25 was again FK)or in terms of the volume of fieldwork undertaken when compared to recent years,
particularly when compared to previous financial years ￿'hen large excavations have dominated and resulted in the Trust
cxpanding its team considerdbly. For 2024-25 wc incrcascd our staffing with tcmp)rary contracts to help covcr the
summer burst, which then enabled us to reduce our employee count when we hit the quieter autumn period. We plan to
use the &qme strategy t.or 2025-26.
We started the year continuing with a large area strip in advance of a quary expansion is currently taking place at a farm
in Great Bentley. A Roman field system and watering hole have been recorded as well as a reasonable number of
pr¢historic pits and trcc-throws.
We also retumed to a local bus dewt site to excaN'ate a trench for a new electricity cable which links the new buildiiig to
a substation to the 50Uth of Firstsite. The trench contained walls ￿longing to the Theatre Royal and the remains of the
same Roman street found during the main excavation.
The construction phase of the project is now underway a I{￿al ex-hospital site. CATS involvement in this phase of work
was largely limited to archaeological moniloring. but some small excavations still needed to take place. One of these
small excavations was undertaken in early May to facililate a new access road from the south (off of Gray Road). A
heavily truncated Roman burial, numerous Roman pits and the continuation of a long line of beam slots were uncovered.
The distance covered by the beam slot features suggests that these could be the remains of a Roman aqueduct. During
this pcri(Ml, CAT undcrt(K>k thc largest area of archaeological invcstigalion at this sitc sincc thc construction phase bcgan.
The excavation area wa5 I￿ated behind the retaiT]ed buildinu facade in the north<astern corner of the ex-hospital site.
Many Roman features were uncovered, including a dilch conlaining articulated animal Ixbnes, a series of graves which
respecte(Vwere aligned with a boundary ditch (pethaps dividing the land into burial plots) and deep, timber-lined pits
containing a fantastic array of Roman f￿d5. One of the graves contained grave goods (whole pottery vessels) but no
bone, whereas two other graves contained almost complete skeletons but no grave goods. One was a child (5-9 years
old), and thc oihcr was an adult who had kcn buricd in a small, shallow grnvc, lying slightly on thcir sidc with thcir
hands 'together'. At fLrst, we thought the hands had been Fx)un(L but there turned out to be quite a gap between them. It IS
possible they were buried holding someihing organic which has long-since decomposed. Several large, square,
Stee￿sided and decp pits were cxcavated. Thcsc pits must havc had wooden linings to have stayed open without thcir
edges collapsing. The finds from these pits included whole and almost-complete pottery vessels and some beauti￿1
wooden objects including a long spoon. One of the almost-complete is a face pot which is likely to have been
displaced from an earlier burial.
The f￿st two {of five) excavation areas ivere stripped open al a proposed quarry sile in Belslead near Ipswich. Two
post-mcdicval/miKlcm brick kilns, a prchisioTiC ring-diich and numcrous othcr pits and ditchcs havc iKcn uncovcrc(I
packed with fwe debris along with a further prehistoric ring-ditch. Wod( was Ca￿led out in the largest excavation area
which t￿k multiple months for our team lo complete. We completed all five excavation areas at the si* ahead of
Schedule and below the quoted price. The final days on site were spent excavating a large sub-square enclosure which
may have housed an Iron Age famisfrad (no evidence of roundhouses or any other structures ￿ere identified ivithin the
cnclosurc).
CAT undertook an archaeological excavation in Cambridgeshire for a regular client in a small village on the outskirts of
Ely. Although an archaeological evalualion at the sile by CAT had found i'ery litile, the decision was made by
Cambridgeshire Council to request areas of the site be stripped before the new houses were built. CATS excavations
confmed that none of the Saxon activity that bad been identified on a nea￿Y site continued into the proposed
d¢v¢lopmcnt a￿2. Of particular not¢ on this PTOjCCt was thc hatd work and dcdication of two m¢mb¢rs of thc ficldwork
team who drove to Ely and back every day for almost two weeks to complete this project for CAT.
Page 3

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Report of the Trust￿￿
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
We also began stripping another large area of lartd in Wivenhoe for the expansion of a quary on the outskirts of the
town. The previous phase of this project (undertaken last year) uncovered some interesting prehistoric and medieval
features, and it is hoped that similar archaeology will be found this time an)und. Pits and wst-holcs wcrc idcntificd.
Activity in the area appears to largely date to the Roman and prehistoric ￿n(KIs, although there have been some
medieval and later field boundaries identified. The area ihat needs investigating is N'ery large indeed we anlicipated it
would take most of 2024 to complete. We ho￿.e￿.er, completed all the available excavation work on the huge ph&se. In
the fu]al two weeks of the project the team discovered the remains of two 5unken-floored building5 {SFB's). One of the
buildings was particularly in(eresting as it appears lo datr to the IIW centi]ry (perhaps a mucli later fomi of the
Anglo-saxon SFB'S that arc commonly found in our 2r¢a}. Thc building also had a laig¢ hcarth built of rc-uscd Roman
building materials which stood in one corner of the pit forniing the lower part of the structLWe.
A small excavation in Clacton uncovered a busy Roman site with post-holes from nuvnerous post-built structures, pits
containing significant quantities of Roman material and the comer of a Roman enclosure.
Three excavation areas were excavated on the outskirts of the village of G￿at Tey in advance of the construction of new
housing by one of our rnain clients. The southern excavation area conlained ditches and pits, whereas the two excavation
areas in the north identified what appeared to ￿ a long sequence of large pits linked together by a channel (over 70m in
length). Very little datable material was recovered from any of the features on 5lte. However, a silver coin and a small
quantity of pottery indicate that the activity identified is most likely to be medieval in date. The geology in the area is a
glacial clay containing a largc quantity of flint nodulcs. A ptobablc intcrprctation for thc largc pits is that thcy were
excavated to Tecover flint nodules foT use in the nearby church (which has flint in the walls). The infill Tnaterial in the pits
had the appearance of having been deposited under ivaler-logged conditions. so ihe possibility ihat the pits represent a
sequence of ponds Joined together by a channel cannot be ruled out. A geoarchaeologisl w&s employed lo visit site and
examine the dewsits, but they were unable to conclude whether the pits had held water for a substantial period of time or
simply as they gradually infilled.
In 2023 CAT carried out a building recording on outbuildings at the site and a small trial trenching evaluation in
Witham, Essex. The evaluation revealed an undaied ditch and six slrnctural features {four wall foundations and two
fl(x)rs}. Thc 1839 tithe map and early OS maps show that thcrc M'as an carlicr building on this sitc. Having ovcrlaid the
evaluation results with the tithe map it ShO￿.ed that the structural featL￿eS recorded align ￿1th walls of this earlier
building {CAT Rewrt 1941) and we stripped the site to see if more can ￿ l&irnt alx>ut this historic building. We
unLoveTed the remains of a post-medieval building ivhich had once occupied the site. Several walls, built from unfrogged
red bricL brick floors and mortar fl(K)rs were identified. The remains conwrise almost an entire building, which aligms
with a structure depicied on Ihe 1839 tithe app)rtiomnenl map. During ihe (ongoing} AMR phase of worL several
post-mcdicval pits havc bccn idcntificd, including Nvo ccsspits.
We undertook archaeological recording work on behalf of Essex County Council and Historic England at the remains of
a Tudor blockhouse on Mersea Island which 15 being eroded by the sea. Blockhouses are defensive structures built
specifically to house a small artillery garrison and to protect the gunners and ammunition from attack. Distributed along
the c&gt, south and south-west coasts, therc are 27 cxamplcs ivhich arc known to surn1￿'t in various states of rcpair. The
Tudor blockhouse 300m south of Mersea Stone is the only example with upstanding earthwoTks in Essex, although
frawenls of others may survive incorporated into later militsry defences. The site has a ￿'ealth of related documentation.
The struclure is knowm to have seen action in Ix)th 1588 and 1648. CATS work involved baiiling ihe lides lo record ihe
exposed section through the fort. During the work a defensive ditch around the perimeter was identified and clay pipes
and a musket ball were recovered from a small slot excavated througb its fill.
A small, week_long excavatiOTt iTt the village of Stock uncovered pits and ditches infilled with either the waste from, or
the remains of, a nearby tile kiln. Some pottery relating to the StiKk wttery industy ivas recoNered, but most of the
matcrial could bc confidently &scribcd to tilc pr(Mluction. presumably somcwherc in thc close vicinity.
Roman Cireus Visitor Centre
The Centre continues to be open all year offering independent visits and guided iours, welcoming visitors, some with
accompanying childr¢n. Assisting our two in-hous¢ qualificd Col¢hcst¢r Tour Guidcs. scvcn Co]ch￿t¢r Tour Guidcs
Ass(Kiation n]en]bers volunteered to conduct guided tour5 on Saturdays and special event days, including during the
national 'Heritage Open Day, scheme and Festival of Archaeology.
Page 4

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Report of the Trust￿￿
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
The Centre is still supported by a dedicated group of volunteers". gardeners and seven IT] the Visitor Centre.
As well as hosting community group meetings. the Ccntrc arranged illustratcd talks for thc public. Richard Bale
(researcher in Ancient Roman history and public ￿aker) presented his 'Roman Life, series of discourses.
We have had some visits from schools and groups.
The cafe was in effect franclll.sed out on an experimental basis from oc10￿r 2020 until September 2024 to help reduce
CAT staff costs. W¢ 2r¢ currcntly unsur¢ if this will r¢-opcn.
FtNANCtAL REVIEW
Financial position
The Lhan"ty has general reserves of £1,194,945 at the end of the year. which are sufficient to cover 10 months
management and administrative expenses and other costs.
Principal funding sources
The Principal funding sources are fees for archaeological wort donations. gifts and reserves.
Reserves policy
The Council of Management has resolved to establish reserves to provide for future activities. Desi￿ated contingency
fiwds are maintained to cover futhre costs.
Going eoneern
The Council of Management is satisfied that ihe Trust's assets in each fund are available and adequate to thlfil its
obligalions in respect of each fund.
The charity has adequate reserves to continue as a going concern for the forseeable futLWe.
FtrruRE PLANS
The charity plans continuing the activities outlined alx)ve in the forthcoming y&qrs subject to satisfactory funding
kvrangcmcnts.
STRUCTURE, GOI'ERNANCE AYJ D LWAGEMENT
Governing documcnt
The charity is controlled by its governing documenL a deed of tn]sL and constitules a limited company, lllnited by
guarantcc, as d¢fin¢d by thc Companics Act 2(K)6.
Recruitment and appointment of new trustees
Members are elected or re-elected by rotation at the Annual General Meeting. There are no restrictions on the number of
tenns of oifice a member can sm'e but Ihe Trusl's constituiion does s￿Ify a maximum number of members.
N￿V trustees aTe selected because of their eX￿rtISe and competencies that they are able to offer. no specific training is
required.
Organisational structurc
The Council of Management meets regularly throughoui the year to discuss and plan objectives and the implementation
thcrcof. Matt¢rs of gcncral conccrn arc rais¢d with all mcmbc￿. A committcc of mcmbcr3 with voting rights mccts
separately to discuss financial matters.
The Council of ManageTnent consists of the Trustees and a nuTnEer of membeT5 appointed by other bodies, some of
whorn are entitled to vofr while others are non-voting members. All members are welcomed to contribute to the
discussions.
The day to day management of the Charity is delegated by tbe trustees to the Chief Archaeologist, or such other person as
the Council SIMII appoint.
Page 5

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Report of the Trust￿￿
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT
Wider nehvork
The Essex Society for Archaeology and History, The Royal Archaeological Institute.
Related partie5
Transactions ￿,hICh involved Trnstees or any relaied parties are disclosed in the notes to the fmancial statements. No
trustccs or othcr rclatcd pcrsons rcc¢iv¢d any paymcnt of any sort for any r￿n from thc Trust during thc y¢ar.
Risk management
The Council of Management identifies the major risks to which the Trust is exposed each financial year when preparing
and updating its strategic plans. The members review any major risks which have been identified and establish systems
to mitigatc those risks. The Trustccs arc satisfied that systcms arc in place to mitigatc thcir cxposure to the major risks
that have been so identified and reviewed.
The Trust is open to the usual financial risks of any organisation and the Tn￿t has introduced controls to minimise those
risks. In addition management accounts are regularly priyjuced and explained to the Council of Management and are
open for member inspection at any time.
REFERENCE AND AD1￿IlNISTRATlVE DETAILS
Registered Company number
01578133 (England and Wales)
Registered Charity number
283354
Registered oftTice
Roman Circus Hous¢
Roman Circus Walk
Colchester
Essex
C02 7GZ
Trustees
N P Wickenden Chairman
E A Bourton
G A P Chadwick (resigned 241112025)
A F Clark (resigned 111912025)
N Cochranc
S C Lansley (resi￿ed 31612024)
J C Pearsall
A B Phillips {resigned 121612024)
N C Staff
D J Gooi]man
J Mallinson
B Lawrance
L C Green
P A Knappett
N Benjamin (appointed 241112025)
G Lunn (appointed 241112025)
Company Secretary
W J Mallinson
Page 6

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Report of the Trust￿￿
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
REFERENCE A.YD ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS
Auditors
Attenboroughs (Accountants) Limited
Statutory Auditor
l Toiver House
Tower Centre
Hoddesdon
Hcrtfordshirc
ENII 8UR
Bankers
The Co-operative Bank p.l.c
P.0. Box 250
Skeltllersdale
WN8 6wr
STATEMENT OF TRUSTEES, RESPONSIBtLrtIES
Thc trustccs (who arc also th¢ dii¢¢tots ol Col¢h¢st¢r IlTchacological Tn￿1 Limit¢d for th¢ purposcs of company law) are
responsible for preparing the Report of the Trustees and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and
United Kingdom Accounting sL￿dar{L$ {United Kingdom Generally AccepÈd Accounting Practice).
Company law requires the t￿￿teeS to prepare fiTtancial statements for each financial year. Under that law, the tNstees
have eleLted to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting
PTactice (United KingdoTn Accounting Standards and applicable law).
Under company law the trnstees must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true
and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable cotnpany and of the incoming resources and application of resources,
including the income and exF£nditure, of the charitable company for that peri(Kl. In preparing those financial ststements,
the trustccs arc requircd to
select suitable accounting wlicies and then apply them consistently"
observe the methods and pnneiples in the Charities SORP.
make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
prepare the fmancial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the charitable
company ￿111 continu¢ in busin¢ss.
The trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting recor(Ls which disclose wilh r￿￿Onable accuracy at any time
thc financial position of thc ¢haritabl¢ company and to cnablc th¢m to cnsur¢ that th¢ financial st2tcm¢nts coinply with
the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charitable company and hence for
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and deiection of fraud and other irregularities.
In so far as the trustees are aware:
th¢r¢ is no rcl¢vant audit infornlation of which thc ch8rit2blc company's audito￿ arc unaivarc; and
the trustees have taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any relevant audit
infornmtion and to establish thai the auth.tors are aware of thai inforn)atio
AUDJTORS
Thc auditors, Attcnboroughs (Accountants) LimitaL will bc prop)S¢Jl for rc-apwyintmcnt at thc forthcoming Annual
General Meeting.
Approved by order of the ￿ard of trustees on 17th December 2025 and signed on its khalf by..
Page 7

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Report of the Trust￿￿
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
N P Wickenden - TrL￿tee
Page 8

Report of the Independent Auditors to the Trustees of
Colchester Archaeological Trust Limited
Opinion
Wc havc auditcd thc financial stai¢mcnts of Colchcstcr Archa¢ologi¢al Trust Limil¢d (th¢ '¢h2ritablc company,) for thc
year ended 3 1st March 2025 which comprise the Statement of Financial ActiNities, the Balance SheeL the Cash Flow
stat￿ment and notes to the financial statements. including a summary of SI￿lfICant accounting policies. The financial
reporting framcwork thai h&s been applicd in thcir preparntion is applicablc law and United Kingdom Accounting
Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion the financial statements:
give a true and fair view of the state of the charitable companV5 affairs as at 31st March 2025 and of its incoming
resources and application of resources, including its income and expenditure, for the year then ended;
havc LKYn prop¢rly pr¢patcd in accordancc with Unitcd Kingdom G¢nct2lly Acccpt¢d Accounting Practicc; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requiremenls of the Companies Act 2006.
Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance wiih International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAS (UK)) and applicable law.
Our responsibilities under those Standards aTe further descril￿ in the Auditor5, responsibilities for the audit of the
f￿anCIal statements section of our report. We are independenl of the charitable company in accordance with the ethical
requirements that are relevant to our auth"t of the fllllmcial slatements in the UK incluth.ng the FRC'S Ethi"cal SLqndard,
and wc hav¢ fulfill¢d our oth¢r ¢thical r¢sponsibilitics in accordancc with th¢s¢ rcquir¢m¢nts. Wc bcli¢v¢ that th¢ audit
evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinio
Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that ihe trustees. use of the going concern basis of accounting in
the preparation of thc financial statcmcnls is appropriate.
Based on the work we have ￿fOrn1ed, we have not idenlified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions
that, individually or collertively. may cast significant doubt on the charitable company's ability to continue as a going
concern for a period of at least twelve inonths from when the fllwcial statements are authorised for issue.
Our rcsponsibiliti¢s and th¢ rcsponsibililics of thc trust¢cs with r¢sp¢ct to going conc¢rn arc d¢scriLKd in thc rclcvant
sections of this report.
Other informatio
The trustees are responsible for the other infonnation. The other infonnation comprises the infonnation included in the
Annual Repon, other than the financial stateTnents and our Report of the Independent Audilors thereon.
opinion on the fu￿￿claI statemenls does nol cover the other infornlation and, except to tbe extent otberwise
cxplicitly ststcd in our rcport, w¢ do not ¢xprcss any forn) of assuranc¢ conclusion thcrcon.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other inforn]ation and, in doing
50, consider whether the other information is Materially incon5iStent with the financial statevnents or our knO1￿]ed￿Je
obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstale¢l If we identify such material inconsistencies or
apparent material misstatements, we are required to detemiine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the
financial statetnents themselwe5. If. based on the ivork we have perforn]ed. we conclude that there is a rnaterial
misstatement of this other Informatio￿ we are required ￿ rqx)rt that facL We haN'e nothing to rew)rt in this regard.
Matters on which we are required to report b). exception
We have nothing to report in respecl of the following matters where the Clwities (Accounts and Rewrts) Regulatioiis
2008 requires us to report to you if. in our opinion-
the infonnation given in the Rewrt of the Trustees is inconsistent in any material respect with the financial statements"
or
the charitable company has not kept adequate accounting records" or
the financial statements are not in a￿ement with the accounting records and retums; or
we have not reLeived all the llrfomialion and explanations we require for our audit.
Page 9

Report of the Independent Auditors to the Trustees of
Colchester Archaeological Trust Limited
Responsibilities of trustees
As cxplain¢d morc fully in th¢ Stai¢mcni of Trust¢¢s' R¢swnsibililics, th¢ tntst¢¢s (￿,hO ar¢ also th¢ dircctors of thc
charitable company for the pU￿oseS of company lai4') are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and
for being satisfied that they give a true and fair vieiv, and for such internal control as the trnstees detern]ine is necessary
to cnablc the prcparation of financial statcmcnts that are free from matcrial misstatcment. whether due to fraud or crror.
In preparing the fllkqncial statements. the tn￿tee5 are responsible for assessing the charitable company's ability to
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, mattets related to going concem and using the going concem basis
of accounting unless the trustees either intend io liquidate the charitable company or to cease operations, or have no
realistic alternative but to do so.
Our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Wc have bccn apwTrintcd as auditors under Section 144 of the Charitics Act 2011 and rq)ort in accordancc with the Act
and relevant regulations made or having effect thereunder.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurJnce aiK)Ut whether the financial statements as a whole aTe free from
n￿terial misstatemenL whether due to fraud or error. and to I￿Ue a RetK)rt of the Independeni Auditors that includes our
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurdnce. but is not a guarantee that an au(h"t conducted in accordance
with ISAS (UK) will always d¢t¢ci a mal¢ri21 misstat¢mcnt whcn il cxists. Misstatcm¢nts can arisc from fraud or crror
and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate. they could r&qsonably be expected to infiuence the
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
We identified areas of laws and regulalions that could reasonably ￿ expected to have a material effect on the financial
statcmcnts. Wc dcsign proLcdurcs in line ii'ith our rcsponsibilities. outlined abovq to detCL"t matcrial misstatcmcnts in
respeLt of I￿egula￿tIcs (non-compliance with laws aT]d regulations), including frau
The extent lo which our procedures are capable of deiecling irregularilies, including fraud, is deLqiled below:
We have made enquires of management around actual and potential litigation clain]s.
The company is subject to laws and regulations that directly affect the financial statements including financial reporting
legislation, distributable profits legislation, t&xation legislation and ￿nSIOn legislation and we assessed the exlent of
compliance with ihcse laws and rcgulations as part of our procedures on thc related financial slatcmcnt itcins.
We have reviewed the fllkincial stalement disclosures and iesting to supwbrt documentation to assess compliance with
applicable laws and ￿gUlatiOns.
We have considered the risks of management override of controls. including through testing Journal entries and other
adjustmcnts for appropriat¢n¢ss, and Cvalukting thc busincss r2tionkl¢ of significant transactions outsid¢ thc nonnal
course of business.
A further description of our responsibilitie5 for the audit of the financial Statements is 1(Kated on the FiT]ancial Reporting
Council's website at www.frc.org.uklauditorsresp)nsibilities. This description forn￿ part of OUT Rep)rt of the
Independent Auditors.
Page 10

Report of the Independent Auditors to the Trustees of
Colchester Archaeological Trust Limited
Use of our report
This rcport is mad¢ sol¢l}' to th¢ charitabl¢ company's trust¢¢s, as a IxKly, in ac¢ord2nc¢ with Part 4 of Ihc Charitics
(Accounts and ReFK)rts) Regulations 2008. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the charitable
company's trnstees those matters we are required to state to ihem in an auditors, report and for no other purpose. To the
fullcsi cxtenl permitted by law, wc do not accept or assumc responsibility to anyonc other than the charitable company
and the charitable company's trustees as a FKKiy, for our audit worK for this report or for the opinions we have fonned.
for and on bchalf of Attcnboroughs (Accountants) Limitcd
Statutory Auditor
Eligible to act as an auditor in tern￿ of Section 1212 of the Companies Act 2006
l Toiver House
Tower Cenlre
Hoddesdon
Hertfordshire
ENI 18UR
17th December 2025
Pagell

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Statement of Financial Actiiitic5
(Incorporating an Income and Expenditure Aeeount)
for the year ended 31st Lllarch 2025
3113125
Total
fund5
3113124
Total
funds
Unrcstrictcd
fund5
Rcstrictcd
fiujds
Notes
INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM
Donations and legacies
7.(rf)I
10,937
18,538
173,193
Othcr trading activitics
Investment income
1.406,135
4.478
1.406,135
4,478
984,903
3,711
Total
1,418,214
10,937
1,429,151
1,161,807
EXPENDITURE ON
Raising funds
1.284,226
37,627
.321,853
1.055,594
Charitable activities
Management and administrative costs
109.347
109,347
204,545
Total
1,393,573
37,627
1,431,200
,260,139
ET ILNCOME/(EXPELNDITURE)
24,641
(26,690)
(2,049)
(98,332)
RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS
Total funds brOu￿1t fonvard
1.170,304
38,966
1,209,270
1.307.602
TOTAL FUNDS CARRTED FORITr'ARD
1,194,945
12,276
1,207,221
1,209,270
The no*s fonn part of these financial statements
Page 12

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Balance Sheet
31st Lllareh 2025
3113125
3113124
Notes
F[X￿D ASSETS
TaT]gible assets
12
504,884
499,708
CURRENT ASSETS
Stocks
Debtors
Cash at bank and in hand
13
14
2,198
596,985
514,266
2,198
467,357
646.167
1.113,L149
1,115,722
CREDfroRS
Arnounts falling due within one year
15
(321,974)
{308,0(KTr)
ET CURRELNT ASSETS
791,475
807,722
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENr
LIABtLITIES
1,296,359
1,307,430
CREDITORS
Amounts falling due after more than one year
16
(89,138)
(98,160)
NET ASSETS
1,207,221
1,209,270
FUNDS
Unrcqtrictcd funds
Restricted funds
20
1,194,945
12276
1,170,304
38,966
TOTAL FUNDS
1,207,221
1,209,270
The ch￿itable company is entitled to exemptioD from audil under Section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 for the year
ended 3 1st March 2025.
The members have not dew)sited notice, pursuant to Section 476 of the Companies Act 2006 requiring an audit of these
flnancial statements.
The trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for
(a)
ensuring ihat the charitable company keeps accounting records that comply with Sections 386 and 387 of the
Companies Act 2006 and
preparing financial statements which give a I￿e and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company as
at the end of each fmancial year and of its surpllls or deficit for each fll)ancial year in accordance with the
rcquircmcnts of Sc¢tions 394 and 395 and which othmvisc Comply with th¢ rcquircmcnts of thc Companics Act
2006 relating to financial statements, so far as applicable to the charitable company.
(b)
These financial statements have been audited under the requirements of Section 145 of the Charities Act 2011.
The no*s fonn part of these financial statements
Page 13
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Balancc Sheet- continued
31st Lllareh 2025
Thcsc financial stat¢mcnts hav¢ bc¢n pr¢par¢d in ac¢ordxn¢¢ with th¢ provisions applicabl¢ to charitabl¢ companics
Subject to the small companies regime.
The financial statcments were approved by the Board of Tnjstces and authoriscd for issuc on 17th Dcccmkr 2025 and
were si￿ed on its behalf by:
N P Wickenden - Trustee
The no*s fonn part of these financial statements
Page 14

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Cash Flow Statemcnt
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
3113125
3113124
Notes
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations
Interesl paid
(101,543)
(8.545)
158,996
(4,978)
Net cash (used in}/provided by operating aclivities
(110.088)
154,018
Cash flows from investinE aetivities
Purchase of tangible fixed assets
Interest received
(22,408)
4,478
(22,840)
3,711
Net cash used in investing activities
(17,930)
(19,129)
Cash flows from fmancing activities
Loan repayments in year
(3,982)
(7,525)
Net cash used in financing activities
(3,982)
{7,525)
Change in cash and cash equivalents in
the reporting period
Cash and cash cquii'alents at the
beginning of the reporting period
(132,0￿)
127,364
646,167
518,803
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of
the reporting period
514,167
6,167
The notes forni part of these financial statements
Page 15

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
NotLs to the Cash Flom Statement
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
RECONCILIATION OF NET EXPENDITURE TO NET CASH FLOW FROM OPEIL4TING
ACTIVITIES
3113125
3113124
INet expenditure for the reporting peri￿1 (a5 per the Statement of
Financial Actii'ities)
Adjustmcnts for:
Depreciation charges
Int¢rcst rc¢¢iv¢d
Interest paid
(Increase)Idecrease in debtors
Increase/(decrea5e) in creditor5
(2.(H9)
(98,332)
17,232
(4.478)
8,545
(129,628)
8,835
13,903
(3,711)
4,978
321,598
(79,440)
Net cash (used 1n)Ipro￿ded by operntions
{101,543)
158,996
ANALYSIS OF CASH IIND CASH EQUIVALENrs
3113125
3113124
Cash in hand
Notice deposits (less than 3 months)
0￿.erdrnfts included in bank loans and overdrafts falling due within one yrar
557
513.709
{99)
557
645,610
Total c&sh and cash equivaienls
514,167
6,167
ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET FUNDS
At 114124
Cash flow
At 3113125
Iyet cash
Cash at bank and in hand
Bank ovcrdrafi
646.167
(131,901)
(99)
514,266
(99)
646,167
(132,(KK) )
514,167
Debt
Debts falling due within l year
Debts falling due after l year
(3,088)
(98.160)
(5,040)
9,022
(8,128)
(89,138)
(101,248)
3,982
(97,266)
Total
544,919
(128,018)
416,901
The notes forni part of these financial statements
Page 16

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Notes to thc Financial Statements
for the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of preparing the financial statelnents
The financial statements of the charitable company.. which is a public benefit entity under FRS 102, have been
prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102} 'Accounting and Reporting by Charities.. Ststevnenl of
Recon]mended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial
ReN)rting Standard appbcable in the UK and Republic of Ireland {FRS 102) (effeclive l January 2019),,
Financial Rcporting Standard 102 'Th¢ Fin2ncial Rcporting Standard applicablc in th¢ UK and Rcpublic of
Ireland, and the Companies Act 2006. The financial slatements have been prepared under the historical cost
convention.
Income
All income is recognised in the Statevnent of Financial Activities once the charity has entitlement to the funds, it
is probable that the income will ￿ receil'ed and the amount can be measured reliably.
Income derived from Ihe rendering of services is sLqied afier trade discounts and nel of VAT.
Expenditure
Liabililics arc rccogniscd as cX￿ld1tUr¢ as soon as thcrc is a Icgal or ¢onstructivc obligation committing the
charity to that expenditure, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be Tequired in settlement and
the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Ex￿ndItUre is accounted for on an accruals basis and has
been classified under headings that aggreJte all c05t related to the category. Where costs cannot be directly
attributed to particular headings they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of
resourLes.
Allocation and apportionment of costs
Thc following polici¢s arc applicd to thc rcsour¢cs cxpcndcd by th¢ charity:
Costs of raising funds- expenditure directly related to the receipts of funds.
Charitsble activities
Other labour costs not directly related to the receipt of funds, the costs of the Trusts
premises and all other costs.
Tangible r￿ed assets
Depreciation is provided at the following amiual rates in order to Nvrite off each over its estimated useful
life.
Fixlur¢s and fittings
Motor vehicles
200/0 on cost
200/0 on cost
Stocks
Stocks are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. after making due all0￿.ance for obsolete and slow
rnoving item5.
Taxation
The charity 15 exempt from corporation tax on its charitable activities.
Fund accounting
Unrestricted funds can be used in accordance with the charitable objectives at the discrelion of the trustees.
Restricted fund5 can only be ￿5￿ for particular restricted pury)oses within the objects of the charity. Restrictions
arise when specified by the donor or when funds are raised for particular restricted purposes.
Further explanation of the nature and PuryK￿ of vach fund is included in the notes lo the financial statements.
Page 17
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
ACCOUNTING POLICIES- continued
Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits
The charitable COmpa￿Y operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the charitable
cornpany'5 pKllbion ￿herne are chaTged to the Statement of Financial Activities in the period to which they relate.
DONATIONS AND LEGACIES
3113125
3113124
Donations
18.538
173,193
OTHER TIL4DING ACTIVITIES
3113125
3113124
Fieldwork contracts
Publication and miscelkneous sales
Roman Circus Cafc incomc
Roman Circus Centre hire
1,393,585
579
I,IK)O
10,971
971,957
4,660
1,583
6,703
1,406,135
984,903
INVESTMENT llNCOME
3113125
3113124
Deposit account interest
4,478
3,711
RAISING FUNDS
Other trading aCti￿tieS
3113125
3113124
Purchases
Staff costs
Travel and sub51Stence
Computer and website costs
Roman Circus Ccntrc costs
Town model costs
Bernard Colbron costs
Freda Nichols costs
Seed Funding costs
General
Janct Fulford
RCVC
RAM
127,773
.125,233
11,449
10,478
691
142,357
887,932
5,650
8,294
264
7,393
75
317
2,352
417
293
250
161
9,293
36,676
1,321,853
1,055,594
Page 18
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES COSTS
Supwrt
costs (see
note 7)
Management and administrative costs
109,347
SUPPORT COSTS
Govemance
costs
Management
Finance
Other
Totals
Management and
a(lrninistrdtive costs
9,051
89202
7,185
109,347
NET INCOMEI(EXPENDITURE)
Net incomel(expenditure) is stated after charging/(crediting):
3113125
3113124
Auditors, remuneration
Independent Examinevs fee
Depreciation - owled assets
3,750
3,435
17,232
3,750
2,868
13,903
TRUSTEES, REMUNERATION AND BEIYEFITS
TheTe ￿ere no tru5tees' remuneration or other benefits for the year ended 31 st MaTch 2025 nor for the year ended
31 st March 2024.
Trustees, expenses
Thcrc wcrc no t￿￿t¢¢$' ¢xp¢nscs paid for th¢ ycar ¢ndcd 31st March 2025 nor for th¢ ycar cndcd
31 st March 2024.
io.
STAFF COSTS
3113125
3113124
Wages and salaries
SoLial security costs
Other pensiun costs
1,014,392
90.680
20,161
870,373
76,927
17.621
1,125,233
964,921
Thc avcrage monthly number of employecs during thc ycar was as follows:
3113125
3113124
28
Archaeological activities
Managemenl and administration
31
Page 19
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
io.
STAFF COSTS- continued
No eTnployees received emoluments in excess of £60.(X)O.
ii.
COMPARATIVES FOR THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES
Unrestricted
funds
Restricted
fL]nds
Total
funds
INCOLIIE AND ENDO}￿EN[S FROM
Donations and l¢gacics
143,088
30.105
173,193
Other trading activities
Investment income
984,903
3,711
984,903
3,711
Total
.131,702
30.105
.161.807
EXPENDITURE ON
Raising fimds
1,045,614
9,980
1,055,594
Charitable actiTrities
Managcmcnt and administrativc costs
204.545
204,545
Total
1250.159
9,980
1260,139
NET INCOMEI(EXPENDrruRE)
Transfers betTrveen funds
(118,457)
10,159
20,125
(10,159)
(98,332)
INet movement in funds
(108298)
9,966
(98,332)
RECOLNCILIATIOLN OF FUNDS
Total funds brought forward
1,278,602
29,000
1,307,602
TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD
1.170.304
38.966
1.209.270
Page 20
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
12.
TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS
Fixturcs
and
fittings
Freehold
property
Plant and
machinery
Motor
vehicles
Totals
COST
At 1st April 2024
Additions
451,140
16.7(X)
68,496
3.458
27287
18.950
563,623
22,408
At 3 1st March 2025
451,140
16.7(M)
71,954
46.237
586,031
DEPRECIATION
At 1st April 2024
Charge for year
10.020
3,340
37.584
16,311
7,448
63,915
17,232
Ai 31st March 2025
13.360
44.028
23,759
81,147
NET BOOK VALUE
At 3 1st March 2025
451,140
3.340
27,926
22,478
504,884
At 3 1st March 2024
451,140
6,680
30.912
10,976
499,708
Artwork at valuation included aiK)ve not depreciated
10,000
13.
STOCKS
3113125
3113124
Stocks
2,198
2,198
14.
DEBTORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
3113125
3113124
Trade debtors
Amounts rc¢ov¢r2blc on contract
Other debtors
Prepayments
206,703
383.458
231
6,593
199,541
267,366
450
596,985
467,357
Page21
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
15.
CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
3113125
3113124
Bank loans and overdrafts (see note 17)
Trade creditors
Social security and other taxes
VAT
Oihcr cr¢ditors
Accruals and defe￿ed income
Accrued expenses
8,227
12.666
19,719
107281
62.832
104,874
6,375
3,088
15,842
18,519
64,054
55.678
144,444
6,375
321,974
308,000
16.
CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE AFfER MORE THAN ONE YEAR
3113125
3113124
Bank loans (see note 17)
89,138
98,160
17.
LOANS
An analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:
3113125
3113124
Amounts falling du¢ within onc ycar on d¢mand:
Bank overdrafts
Bank loans
8,128
3,088
8,227
3,088
Amounts falling between one and two yeaT5:
Bank loans 14 years
36,281
26,516
Amounts falling duc in mor¢ than fiv¢ ycars:
Repayable by instalments..
Bank loans rnore 5 yr by instal
52,857
71,644
18.
SECURED DEBTS
The following secured debis are included within creditors:
3113125
3113124
Bank loans
97,266
101,248
The bank loan is secured on the property known as Roman Circus House. The bank loan is repayable by
installments by February 2038. The current interest rate is 4.35 /.
Page 22
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
19.
ANALYSIS OF NET ASSETS BETWEEN FUNDS
3113125
Total
funds
3113124
Total
funds
UT]restricted
fimds
Restricted
funds
Fixed assets
Current assets
CutT¢nt liabiliti¢s
Long terni liabilities
504,884
1,101.074
(321,875)
(89,138)
504,884
1,113,449
(321,974)
(89,138)
499,708
1,115,722
(308,0(K))
(98,160)
12,375
(99)
1,194,945
12276
,207,221
1,209,270
Unrestticte
At 31 March 2020
Restricted
funds
Totsl
fi￿d5
fimds
Tangibl¢ fix¢d &sscts
Current assets
Current liabilities
Long tcrn] liabilities
Provisions for liabilities
473.127
428,773
(188,159)
(124.822)
473,127
459,793
(188,159)
(124,822)
31,020
588,919
31,020
619,939
At 31 March 2021
nrestricted
funds
Restricted
funds
Total
fL]nds
Tangible fixed assets
Current abseis
Current liabilities
Long lerni liabilities
Provisions for liabililics
470,484
541.334
(154,286)
(118,403)
470,484
568,692
(154,286)
(118.403)
27,358
739,129
27,358
766,487
Page 23
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
20.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS
Net
Tnovement
in funds
At
3113125
At 114124
Unrestricted fund5
General fund
1,170,304
24.641
1,194,945
Restricted funds
Fr¢da Nichols Library Fund
Roman Circus Centre Fund
Arts Appeal Fund
LIKality Budget
Circus Booklet Fund
Seed Funding
Silver Cup
Mosaic upkeep
Royal Artillery Fund
1.158
(161)
613
997
613
2,000
2,800
3,833
(99)
325
1,500
307
2,8(K)
3,833
(99)
325
1,5(K)
27,350
(27,IH3)
38,966
{26,690)
12,276
TOTAL FUNDS
1,209,270
(2,049)
1,207,221
Net movement in funds, included in the alx)ve are as follows:
Incoming
resources
Resources
expended
Movement
in funds
Unrestricted funds
General fund
1,418,214
{1,393.573)
24,￿1
Restricted funds
Freda Nichols Library Fund
Roman Circus Centre Fund
Seed Funding
Royal Artill¢ry Fund
(161)
(691)
{99)
(36,676)
(161)
613
(99)
(27,043)
1,304
9.633
10.937
{37,627)
(26,690)
TOTAL FUNDS
1,429.151
(1,431,200)
(2,tk19)
Page 24
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
20.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS- continued
Comparatives for movement in fund5
Net
movement
fimds
Transfers
between
funds
At
3113124
At 114123
Unrestricted funds
Gcncral fund
1278.602
(118.457}
10.159
1,170.304
Restricted funds
Freda Nichols Library Fund
Roman Circus Centre Fund
Bernard Colbron Memorial Fund
Arts Appeal Fund
Circus Centre Fund
LIKality Budgct
Town Model Fund
Circus Booklet Fund
Heritage Lottery Emgerency Fund
RCC Gardening
Seed Funding
RCVC M(Jdel RooTn
CBC Grants
Janet Fulford Bequest
Silver Cup
Mosaic upkeep
Royal Artillcry Fund
,233
193
4,846
2,(K)O
3.316
2.800
528
3.833
3,255
2,145
1,084
419
438
2.910
(75}
1,158
(193)
1,867
(6.713)
2,000
{971}
(2.345)
2.800
{264}
(264)
3,833
(3,255 }
(2,145)
(767)
(126)
(438)
(2.493)
{317}
(293)
(417}
325
1,5(K)
27,350
325
1,500
27,350
29,0(X)
20,125
{10,159)
38,966
TOTAL FUNDS
IJ07,602
(98,332)
1,209,270
Page 25
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
20.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS- continued
CoTnpaTative net moveTnent in fimds. included in the al)ove are as follow5:
Incoming
resources
Resources
expended
Movement
in funds
Unrestricted funds
General fund
,131,702
(1,250,159)
(118,457)
Restricted funds
Freda Nichols Library Fund
Bernard Colbron Memorial Fund
Circus Centre Fund
Town Model Fund
Seed Funding
RCVC Model Room
Janet Fulford Bequest
Silver Cup
Mosaic upkeep
Royal Artillcry Fund
(75)
(7,393 }
(971)
(26A)
(317)
(293)
(417)
(75)
(6,713)
(971)
(2EA)
(317)
(293)
(417)
325
1,500
27,350
680
325
1,5(K)
27.600
(250)
30.105
{9,980)
20,125
TOTAL FUNDS
1,161.807
(1,260,139)
(98.332)
Page 26
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
20.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS- continued
A current year 12 month5 and prior yfJr 12 months combined position is as follows..
Nel
movement
in fimds
Transfe
between
funds
At
3113125
At 114123
Unrestricted funds
General fund
1278.602
{93.816}
10.159
1,194,945
Restricted funds
Freda Nichols Library Fund
Roman Circus Centre Fund
Bernard Colbron Memorial Fund
Arts Appeal Fund
Circus Centre Fund
LIKality Budget
Town Model Fund
Circus Booklet Fund
Hcrilagc Lottcry Emgcrcncy Fund
RCC Gardening
Seed Funding
RCVC M(Klel R￿M
CBC Grants
Janet Fulford Bequest
Silvcr Cup
Mosaic upkeep
Royal Artillery Fund
1,233
193
4.846
2,(K)O
3,316
2.800
528
3,833
3,255
2,145
1.084
419
438
2.910
(236)
613
(6,713}
997
613
(193}
1,867
2.000
{971)
(2.345)
2,800
(264)
(264}
3,833
(3.255)
(2,145)
(767)
(126)
(438)
(2.493)
{416}
{293}
(99)
(417)
325
1.5(X)
307
325
1,500
307
29,0(Ki
(6,565)
(10,159)
12,276
TOTAL FUNDS
IJ07,602
(l(K),381)
1,207,221
Page 27
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
20.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS- continued
A current year 12 Tnonths aT]d prior year 12 months combined net movement in fund5, included in the above are
as follows:
Incoming
resources
Resources
expended
Movement
in funds
Unrestricted funds
General fund
2,549,916
{2.fv13.732)
(93,816)
Restricted funds
Freda Nichols Library Fund
Roman Circus Centre Fund
Bernard Colbron Memorial Fund
Circus Centre Fund
Town Model Fund
Seed Funding
RCVC Model Room
Janet Fulford Bequest
SilN'cr Cup
Mosaic upkeep
Royal Artillery Fund
(236)
(691)
(7,393)
(971)
(264)
(416)
(293)
(417)
(236)
613
(6,713)
(971)
(264)
(416)
(293)
(417)
325
1,500
307
1,304
680
325
1,5(X)
37233
(36,926)
41,042
(47,607)
(6,565)
TOTAL FUNDS
2,590.958
(2,691,339)
{100,381)
21.
RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES
There weTe no related party transartions for the year ended 31 st March 2025.
22.
DEFERRED INCOME
Income of £104,875 (2024: £144,444) has been deferred. The deferred income relates to the writing of a Report
that is ongoing.
23.
PURPOSES OF FUNDS
General Fund
The general fimd is unrestrithed and holds accumulated surpluses for future charitable activities.
Art Fund
The restricted fund consists of fund5 donated for the purchase of art for the visitors centre.
Circus Booklet Fund
The restricted fund is for the c￿ation of a b(K)klet about the visitor centre.
Freda Nichols Library Fund
Page 28
continued...

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Note5 to thc Financial StateTncnts- continued
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
23.
PURPOSES OF FUNDS- continued
The restricted fund consists of funds from the FTeda Nicho15 Estate which exists to establish a resource library for
the TrLLSt.
lA￿alIty Budgct
Th¢ r¢strict¢d fund is from local councillor donations towards improving th¢ ¢¢ntr¢ signag¢ and th¢ strcct signag¢
for the centre.
Page 29

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Detai]cd Statcment of Financial Actii'itiL
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
3113125
3113124
INCOME AND ENDOWVIENTS
Donation$ and legacies
Donations
18,538
173,193
Other trading aclivities
Fieldwork contracts
Publication and misccliancous salcs
Roman Circus Cafe income
Roman Circus Centre hire
1.393,585
579
1,000
10,971
971,957
4,660
1,583
6,703
1,406,135
984,903
InV￿tment income
Deposit accouni interest
4,478
3,711
Total incoming resources
1,429,151
1,161,807
EXPENDITURE
Other trading actiTrities
Costs of fieldwork and publications
Cafe running costs
Wages
Social security
Pensions
Travcl and subsistencc
Computer and website costs
Roman Circus Centre costs
Town model costs
Bemard Colbron costs
Freda Nichols costs
Sccd Funding costs
General
Janet Fulford
RCVC
RAM
127,756
17
1.014,392
),680
20,161
11,449
10,478
691
141,937
420
800,352
70,881
16,699
5,650
8,294
2fv1
7,393
75
317
2,352
417
293
250
161
99
9,293
36,676
1,321,853
1,055,594
Support eosts
Management
Wages
Social security
Pensions
Extcmal Training and welfare
70,021
6,046
922
6,738
3,909
3,909
83,727
This page does not fomi part of the statutory financial statements
Page 30

COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRUST LIMITED
Detai]cd Statcment of Financial Actii'itiL
lor the year ended 31st Illareh 2025
3113125
3113124
Management
Finance
Bank charges
Mortgage
506
8.545
369
4,978
9,051
5,347
Other
Ratcs and wat¢r
Insurance
Light and heat
3.050
11,077
14,607
1,984
9,253
14,817
k li
Telephone
Postage and stationery
Sundries
Subscriptions
Premises repairs and renewals
Plant and machinery
Fixtures and fittings
Motor vehicles
3,796
2,860
3,182
7.193
26205
3,340
3,156
2,390
5,1)08
9,514
48,828
3,340
6,9)5
3,658
7,448
89202
108,853
Governanee costs
Auditors, remuneration
Auditors, remuneration for non audit work
3,750
3,435
3,750
2,868
7,185
6,618
Total Te50urces expended
1,431,200
1,260,139
Net expendithre
(2,049)
{98,332)
This page does not fomi part of the statutory financial statements
Page31