Charity registration number 280183
Company registration number 0865313 (England and Wales)
THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) ANNUAL REPORT AND UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
Trustees Mrs S Baxter Ms J Ashton Mr N Stain-Montalvo Mrs H Herbert Mr D R Sleeman Mr C Cox Mr V Felix Morgado Mr G McClean (Appointed 5 July 2023) Ms S Ramsay (Appointed 5 July 2023) Mr J Malcolmson (Appointed 5 July 2023) Secretary Mrs S Baxter Charity number 280183 Company number 0865313 Registered office Claremont House 1 Market Square Bicester Oxfordshire OX26 6AA Independent examiner Whitley Stimpson Limited Claremont House 1 Market Square Bicester Oxon OX26 6AA
THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) CONTENTS
| Page | |
|---|---|
| Trustees' report | 1 - 3 |
| Independent examiner's report | 4 |
| Statement of financial activities | 5 |
| Balance sheet | 6 |
| Notes to the financial statements | 7 - 13 |
THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) TRUSTEES' REPORT (INCLUDING DIRECTORS' REPORT) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
The trustees present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023.
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in note 1 to the financial statements and comply with the charity's governing document, the Companies Act 2006 and "Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)" (effective 1 January 2019).
Objectives and activities
The objective of the Society is to advance the science and practice of technical cardiology and allied subjects by the promotion of improved standards of education and training.
The trustees have paid due regard to guidance issued by the Charity Commission in deciding what activities the charity should undertake.
Achievements and performance
2023 was a successful year in terms of being able to provide healthcare professionals with access to high quality training courses and examinations. This included the Cardiac Cath Lab course and examination which was undertaken as a pilot with a view to adding it to the existing portfolio of courses permanently. The work behind such ventures is huge, from those that develop curriculum and deliver the teaching, as well as those who support behind the scenes, write exam questions, provide marking expertise and so many more necessary tasks. SCST is extremely grateful to all involved, especially as the majority of this is undertaken in their own personal time.
Members of Council have met virtually nearly every month in order to carry out the work of SCST, including the planning of future work streams. SCST has continued to develop its strong links with other bodies by attending meetings with the National School for Healthcare Science (NSHCS) and Academy of Healthcare Science (AHCS), as well as the BCS Cardiac Physiology Group. We continue to work with specialist interest groups such as British Society of Echocardiography (BSE), British Heart Rhythm Society (BHRS) and British Heart Valve Society (BHVS).
‘The Equivalence Sessions’ have continued to be held every month on a rolling programme as a way of supporting members to gain recognition as Clinical Scientists in Cardiology. Feedback continues to be extremely positive.
The 2023 National Update meeting was hosted in both face to face and on a virtual platform, resulting in a high attendance across the hybrid platform. The meeting saw delegates gain insight into ‘hot topics’ presented by a host of high-profile colleagues. It was also supported by colleagues from industry who had exhibition stands at the meeting.
SCST has been looking at the way it operates and areas for modernisation. To that end we have been transforming the rules and regulations within which we operate, and These changes were successfully approved at an extraordinary general meeting in 2023.
For many years, EBS has provided administrative support to the Society, however this ended in November, which saw their final invoice. The website was further developed by Seadog IT, but the ambition of providing online membership never materialised. Administrative support was supplied by AHCS however towards the end of the year some services moved to a new service provider ‘Tangled Web’, that will handle the accounts, website development, online membership administration and other administrative support.
The SCST branches in both Scotland and Northern Ireland have struggled to maintain their momentum over the last few years, with neither having active officers. It has been proposed that the Northern Irish branch is dissolved but that a Northern Irish group is set up, with the active support of SCST Council. Any residual funds would be transferred to the main SCST account but would be ring fenced to benefit the SCST Northern Irish Group members. Discussions with regard to the Scottish branch are yet to take place.
Going forward, we encourage all members to seek ways in which they can play an active role within their professional body. No matter how small the contribution, every single one of us is important and is what keeps the Society alive, vibrant and relevant for its members. Together we will continue to be the voice of cardiac science and make a real difference.
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) TRUSTEES' REPORT (INCLUDING DIRECTORS' REPORT) (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Financial review
The financial stability of SCST has continued to improve in 2023 following a strong performance overall. This is due largely to the move toward 'virtual' meetings, examinations and courses. The Foundation and Diploma courses performed particularly well. The transfer of administrative support from EBS to AHCS on a fixed price contract has resulted in significant savings, alongside the cost benefits of moving examinations to a third-party provider. Outsourcing the administration of the National Update meeting incurred additional costs but was agreed by Council to be advantageous to members.
Net movement in funds showed a surplus of £ 26,232 for the year (2022; £55,530), with cash reserves growing to £318,610 (2022; £286,695).
It was our ambition to write-off all the old uncollected debtors, which has been achieved this year. The two remaining debtors are both for exhibition stands at the National Update Meeting.
No cash movements have been recorded in the accounts in respect of The Scottish and Northern Irish Branches.
It is the policy of the charity that unrestricted funds which have not been designated for a specific use should be maintained at a level equivalent to between 12 and 18 months’ normal expenditure. The trustees consider that the current funds held are appropriate.
The trustees have assessed the major risks to which the charity is exposed, and are satisfied that systems are in place to mitigate exposure to the major risks.
Education Committee Report
The Education Committee continues to supervise the design and administer the delivery of courses and examinations delivered by the organisation ensuring that the products delivered are fit for purpose and of sufficient quality to meet the needs of the healthcare professional that seek them out. The Education Committee currently has a membership of 11 individuals with a broad range of clinical and educational expertise.
In 2023 the organisation continued its hybrid approach to course delivery offering a mixture of virtual and onsite courses. Whilst the virtual courses have been incredibly popular allowing with candidates from around the United Kingdom and further, there remains a keen interest in onsite delivery from many candidates. Delivery of the organisation’s examinations through the third-party provider Pearson Vue are now firmly established and this has allowed candidates nationally and internationally to attend examinations in their local area eliminating the need for long journeys prior to examinations.
Work was underway this year to re-establish a practical award in performing 12 Lead Electrocardiography. The practical award suffered a sudden decline following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic given the required on-site nature of the examination. This remains an area of high interest from the workforce with the organisation receiving a lot of requests to revive the award as a measure of Quality for those performing this vital test. The first sitting of the new award took place in Spring 2024 with further awards expected and a planned expansion to a wider field of test centres.
Plans for future periods
SCST continues to strive to improve patient care by improving training and quality assurance resources. Courses are now able to be held on both a virtual platform and face to face, which has increased accessibility. Examinations are now held at Pearson Vue centres which means more local access for colleagues.
The Cath Lab course and associated examination will expand the portfolio of resource available. Plans are to increase the number of places available on courses, and provide subsidised places for SCST members. Exams will be expanding in order to make them accessible worldwide.
SCST continues to be the voice of all those working within the field of cardiac science in order to gain professional recognition at a national level. The society can only do this with the support of its members and therefore urges them to actively contribute to the work of the Society whenever they are able.
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) TRUSTEES' REPORT (INCLUDING DIRECTORS' REPORT) (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Structure, governance and management
The charity is a company limited by guarantee and registered as a charity under the Charities Act 2011. The charitable company is governed by its Memorandum and Articles of Association. The charity was incorporated as a company on 30 November 1965 and registered by the Charities Commission on 4 September 1980.
The trustees, who are also the directors for the purpose of company law, and who served during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were:
Mrs S Baxter Ms J Ashton Mr N Stain-Montalvo Mrs H Herbert Mr D R Sleeman Mr M Squirrell (Resigned 9 January 2024) Mr C Cox Mr V Felix Morgado Mr G McClean (Appointed 5 July 2023) Ms S Ramsay (Appointed 5 July 2023) Mr J Malcolmson (Appointed 5 July 2023)
None of the trustees has any beneficial interest in the company. All of the trustees are members of the company.
Disclosure of information to auditor
Each of the trustees has confirmed that there is no information of which they are aware which is relevant to the audit, but of which the auditor is unaware. They have further confirmed that they have taken appropriate steps to identify such relevant information and to establish that the auditor is aware of such information.
The trustees' report was approved by the Board of Trustees.
..............................
Ms J Ashton Trustee Dated: .........................2024-09-27
.............................. Mrs H Herbert Trustee 2024-09-27 Dated:.........................
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT
TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD
I report to the trustees on my examination of the financial statements of The Society for Cardiac Science and Technology Ltd (the charity) for the year ended 31 December 2023.
Responsibilities and basis of report
As the trustees of the charity (and also its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 (the 2006 Act).
Having satisfied myself that the financial statements of the charity are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of the charity’s financial statements carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 (the 2011 Act). In carrying out my examination I have followed all the applicable Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act.
Independent examiner's statement
I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect:
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1 accounting records were not kept in respect of the charity as required by section 386 of the 2006 Act; or
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2 the financial statements do not accord with those records; or
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3 the financial statements do not comply with the accounting requirements of section 396 of the 2006 Act other than any requirement that the accounts give a true and fair view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or
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4 the financial statements have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102).
I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the financial statements to be reached.
Mr J Walton FCA Whitley Stimpson Limited Claremont House 1 Market Square Bicester Oxon OX26 6AA
Dated: .........................27/09/24
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES INCLUDING INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
| Unrestricted | Unrestricted | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| funds | funds | ||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||
| Notes | £ | £ | |
| Income and endowments from: | |||
| Charitable activities | 3 | 166,214 | 128,450 |
| Investments | 4 | 3,712 | 605 |
| Other income | 5 | 211 | - |
| Total income | 170,137 | 129,055 | |
| Expenditure on: | |||
| Charitable activities | 6 | 141,492 | 71,107 |
| Other material expenditure | 9 | 1,786 | 2,157 |
| Other expenditure | 10 | 627 | 444 |
| Total expenditure | 143,905 | 73,708 | |
| Net income and movement in funds | 26,232 | 55,347 | |
| Reconciliation of funds: | |||
| Fund balances at 1 January 2023 | 290,766 | 235,419 | |
| Fund balances at 31 December 2023 | 316,998 | 290,766 |
The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities.
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2023
| Notes Fixed assets Tangible assets 12 Current assets Stocks 13 Debtors 14 Cash at bank and in hand Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 15 Net current assets Total assets less current liabilities Net assets excluding pension liability The funds of the charity Unrestricted funds |
2023 £ - 8,000 318,610 326,610 (9,612) |
£ - 316,998 316,998 316,998 316,998 316,998 |
2022 £ 5,282 27,001 286,695 318,978 (28,844) |
£ 632 290,134 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 290,766 | ||||
| 290,766 | ||||
| 290,766 | ||||
| 290,766 |
For the financial year ended 31 December 2023 the company was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006.
Directors' responsibilities:
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The trustees have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year in question in accordance with section 476;
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The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Act with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements.
The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year in question in accordance with section 476.
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.
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2024-09-27
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The financial statements were approved by the trustees on .........................
.............................. .............................. Ms J Ashton Mrs H Herbert Trustee Trustee
Company registration number 0865313 (England and Wales)
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
1 Accounting policies
Charity information
The Society for Cardiac Science and Technology Ltd is a private company limited by guarantee incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Claremont House, 1 Market Square, Bicester, Oxfordshire, OX26 6AA.
1.1 Accounting convention
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the charity's [governing document], the Companies Act 2006, FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (“FRS 102”) and the Charities SORP "Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)" (effective 1 January 2019). The charity is a Public Benefit Entity as defined by FRS 102.
The charity has taken advantage of the provisions in the SORP for charities not to prepare a Statement of Cash Flows.
The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the charity. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.
1.2 Going concern
At the time of approving the accounts, the trustees have a reasonable expectation that the charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus the trustees' continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the accounts.
1.3 Charitable funds
Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the trustees in furtherance of their charitable objectives unless the funds have been designated for other purposes.
1.4 Income
Income is recognised when the charity is legally entitled to it after any performance conditions have been met, the amounts can be measured reliably and it is probable that income will be received.
1.5 Expenditure
Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement, and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.
Expenditure is classified by activity. The costs of each activity are made up of the total of direct costs and shared costs, including support costs involved in undertaking each activity. Direct costs attributable to a single activity are allocated directly to that activity. Shared costs which contribute to more than one activity and support costs which are not attributable to a single activity are apportioned between those activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. Central staff costs are allocated on the basis of time spent, and depreciation charges are allocated on the portion of the asset’s use.
Expenses are included in the financial statements as they are incurred. Expenses include VAT where applicable as the charity cannot reclaim it.
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
1 Accounting policies
(Continued)
1.6 Tangible fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.
Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:
Fixtures, fittings & equipment
33.33% straight line
The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is recognised in the statement of financial activities.
1.7 Stocks
Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition. Items held for distribution at no or nominal consideration are measured the lower of replacement cost and cost.
1.8 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.
1.9 Branches
Where the branches of the society also hold funds, the accounting transactions of those branches are included in the accounts.
1.10 Taxation status
The company is a Charity within the provision of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 and hence no Corporation Tax is payable.
2 Critical accounting estimates and judgements
In the application of the charity’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
3 Income from charitable activities
| Unrestricted | Unrestricted | |
|---|---|---|
| funds | funds | |
| 2023 | 2022 | |
| £ | £ | |
| Advertising and badge sales | 10 | - |
| Subscriptions, ECG manual sales, meetings, examination and course fees | 166,204 | 128,450 |
| 166,214 | 128,450 |
4 Income from investments
| Unrestricted | Unrestricted | |
|---|---|---|
| funds | funds | |
| 2023 | 2022 | |
| £ | £ | |
| Interest receivable | 3,712 | 605 |
| Other income | ||
| Unrestricted | Unrestricted | |
| funds | funds | |
| 2023 | 2022 | |
| £ | £ | |
| Other income | 211 | - |
5 Other income
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
6 Charitable activities
| Badge and ECG manual costs Examination expenses Council meeting expenses Telephone Clerical assistance Printing and stationery Postage Accountancy HoD meeting expenses Advertising Professional fees Bookkeeping Computer costs Other meeting costs Membership and administration expenses |
2023 £ 5,283 47,415 1,213 - 11,964 3,623 1,350 3,400 18,859 - 6,840 135 4,577 18,782 18,051 141,492 |
2022 £ 2 35,249 673 174 1,722 377 1 3,092 - 1,146 8,070 - 4,521 10,148 5,932 |
|---|---|---|
| 71,107 |
Charitable activities includes £3,400 (2022: £3,092) of accountancy costs for independent examination fees.
7 Trustees
None of the trustees (or any persons connected with them) received any remuneration during the year.
Nine trustees were reimbursed a total of £7,602 for expenses during the year (2022: £948). These costs covered £2,701 travel expenses (2022: £329), £1,901 accommodation and subsistence expenses (2022: £514), and £3,000 reimbursement for out of pocket expenses (2022: £105).
8 Employees
The average monthly number of employees during the year was:
| 2023 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|
| Number | Number | |
| Total | - | - |
There were no employees whose annual remuneration was more than £60,000.
9 Other material expenditure
Material other expenditure includes rent and bank charges.
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
10 Depreciation
| Unrestricted funds 2023 Depreciation 627 627 |
Total 2022 £ 444 |
|---|---|
| 444 |
11 Taxation
The charity is exempt from taxation on its activities because all its income is applied for charitable purposes.
12 Tangible fixed assets
| Fixtures, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| fittings & | |||
| equipment | |||
| £ | |||
| Cost | |||
| At 1 January 2023 | 16,799 | ||
| Disposals | (15,468) | ||
| At 31 December 2023 | 1,331 | ||
| Depreciation and impairment | |||
| At 1 January 2023 | 16,167 | ||
| Depreciation charged in the year | 627 | ||
| Eliminated in respect of disposals | (15,463) | ||
| At 31 December 2023 | 1,331 | ||
| Carrying amount | |||
| At 31 December 2022 | 632 | ||
| 13 | Stocks | ||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||
| £ | £ | ||
| Finished goods and goods for resale | - | 5,282 |
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
| 14 Debtors Amounts falling due within one year: Trade debtors Prepayments and accrued income 15 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year Notes Deferred income 16 Trade creditors Accruals 16 Deferred income Arising from examination/course fees Deferred income is included within: Current liabilities Movements in the year: Deferred income at 1 January 2023 Released from previous periods Deferred income at 31 December 2023 |
2023 £ 2,000 6,000 8,000 2023 £ - 6,312 3,300 9,612 2023 £ - 2023 £ - 4,710 (4,710) - |
2022 £ 27,001 - 27,001 2022 £ 4,710 20,934 3,200 28,844 2022 £ 4,710 2022 £ 4,710 6,310 (1,600) 4,710 |
|---|---|---|
The deferred income balance as at the year end represents income received in advance for events such as courses and examinations which have not taken place in the current period.
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THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIAC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LTD (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
17 Unrestricted funds
The unrestricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants which are not subject to specific conditions by donors and grantors as to how they may be used. These include designated funds which have been set aside out of unrestricted funds by the trustees for specific purposes.
| At 1 General funds Previous year: At 1 General funds |
January 2023 Incoming resources Resources expended At 31 December 2023 £ £ £ £ 290,766 170,137 (143,905) 316,998 January 2022 Incoming resources Resources expended At 31 December 2022 £ £ £ £ 235,419 129,055 (73,708) 290,766 |
|---|---|
18 Related party transactions
There were no related party transactions during the year (2022 - none).
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