**Charity Registration No. 279971 (England and Wales)** **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES ANNUAL REPORT AND UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020** ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION** **Trustees** Mr Edward Vanhoutte Prof Elisabeth Burr Dr Barbara Bordalejo Prof Fabio Ciotti Miss Simona Stoyanova (Appointed 23 September 2021) **Charity number** 279971 **Principal address** Centre for the Study of Ancient Documents Faculty of Classics Ioannou Centre of Classical and Byzantine Studies 66 St Giles' Oxford OX1 3LU **Independent examiner** Alan Cunningham, C.A. Alexander Sloan Accountants and Business Advisers 180 St Vincent Street Glasgow G2 5SG **Bankers** Bank of Scotland The Mound Edinburgh EH1 1YZ **Website address** www.eadh.org ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **CONTENTS** ||**Page**| |---|---| |Trustees' report|1 - 4| |Independent examiner's report|5| |Statement of financial activities|6| |Balance sheet|7| |Notes to the financial statements|8 - 12| ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **TRUSTEES' REPORT** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ The Trustees present their report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in note 1 to the financial statements and comply with the charity's Constitution, the Charities Act 2011 and “Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)” (as amended for accounting periods commencing from 1 January 2019). ## **Objectives and activities** The principal objective of the Association is to bring together and represent digital humanities in Europe across the entire spectrum of disciplines that research, develop, and apply digital humanities methods and technology. These include art history, cultural studies, history, image processing, language and literature studies, manuscripts studies, and musicology, amongst others. The Association promotes high standards of education, research and practical work in the development of computational methods and theory across the arts, humanities and cultural heritage. We aim to stimulate knowledge of and interest in computer aided activities in the arts and humanities including research involving the manipulation and analysis of digital and digitised materials. To these ends, we support three Journals, promote an annual conference, run workshops, give early career scholars bursaries and senior scholars awards, support research projects by providing funding and expertise, and promote affiliation with other organisations with similar aims. Individuals become members of the Association: - by subscription to the Journal, "DSH: Digital Scholarship in the Humanities" which is published by Oxford University Press ("OUP") - as members without a subscription - via one of five regional Associate Organizations (AIUCD = Associazione per l'Informatica Umanistica e la Cultura Digitali, CzADH = Czech Digital Humanities Initiative, DHd = Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum, DHN = Digital Humaniora i Norden, and DH Russia = Russian Association for Digital Humanities). ## **Achievements and performance** The coronavirus pandemic affected some areas of EADH’s activities. In 2020, the Association achieved the following successes in its primary areas of activity: ## **Publications** Since 1 January 2015, the Association's print Journal, _Digital Scholarship in the Humanities_ (DSH) , has been published by Oxford University Press (OUP). The circulation of DSH rose in 2020, driven by access to DSH through the OUP Online Collection. Its Impact Factor increased to its highest ever level (citations of recent items divided by number of recent items), and the journal maintains its status as a high-quality publication venue for our discipline. ADHO (Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations) promotes and supports digital research and teaching and provides a broad framework for a number of publication venues relevant to the digital humanities. In addition to DSH, there are several peer-reviewed online Journals including Digital Humanities Quarterly, Digital Studies/le champ numerique, Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative and Computers in the Humanities Working Papers. - 1 - **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ ## **Preparation for Second International EADH Conference** Throughout 2020 EADH continued its preparations for the Association’s Second International Conference, hosted in Krasnoyarsk, Russia by the Siberian Federal University. It was originally scheduled to take place in September 2020 and was subsequently postponed to 2021 due to Covid-19. Future EADH conferences will be held two years out of three, provided that the annual DH conference is not held in Europe in that particular year. The conference will be hosted in any European member region, and local organisers are to be members of EADH or one of its Associate or Partner Organisations. ## **Small Grants Scheme** In 2020 the EADH Small Grants Committee worked to advertise and administer the Small Grants Scheme to support specific Digital Humanities projects. We received 32 applications, the quality of which was very high, covering a wide range of topics with a variety of intended outcomes, such as tools, databases, and networking events. From these we supported the intended five projects plus an extra two, representing a success rate of approximately 21%: - Oksana Maistat, _Open Database “Soviet Film Exhibition during the New Economic Policy”_ - Emily Ohman, _Coding for Digital Humanities: An online interactive Python course specifically for humanities students_ - Dr. Annamária-Izabella Pázsint, _Romans 1 by 1. Augusta Traiana et territorium_ - Dr. Gamze Saygi, _A digital exploration of spatial movements in Amsterdam at Premodern Times_ - Dr. Kathryn Simpson, _Ruled Margins: Annie R. Taylor’s Journeys to Tibet_ - Tamara Shogaolu, _Echoes of Silence_ - Ilia Uchitel, _Soviet Yiddish Press Digitization start-up project_ ## **Associate and Partner Organisations** The Association continued its communications with emerging Digital Humanities Associations in Europe as well as in other regions of the world that feel culturally or linguistically affiliated to Europe. In 2020, its Associate Organisations were: - Italian organisation AIUCD - _Associazione Informatica Umanistica e Cultura Digitale_ - Czech organisation CzADH - _Czech Association for Digital Humanities_ - German language based DHd - _Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum_ - Nordic organisation DHN - _Digital humaniora i Norden_ - Russian organisation DH Russia - _Russian Association for Digital Humanities_ ## **Membership development** EADH’s total legal membership (including joint members) by 30 th May 2020 was 880, which represents a slight decrease of 18 members from last year. While the number of direct members has decreased, the number of members joining via AOs has in almost all cases increased. As of May 2020, the counts were as follows: Honorary: 8 AIUCD: 82 DhD: 361 DHN: 99 CZADH: 24 DH Russia: 15 EADH Direct: 127 EADH Total: 716 Joint: 164 ## **TOTAL: 8 80** - 2 - **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** **TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ ## **Advocacy** EADH is working actively in the EASSH (European Alliance for Social Sciences and Humanities) initiative which lobbies for the SSH disciplines at the European level and cooperate with sister organisations such as the European Cultural Literacy initiative. ## **General** In addition to these specific achievements, the Association further increased the visibility and usability of its website http://www.eadh.org through the work of its communication coordinator, who h as responsibility for actively developing its website and social media outreach. ## **Financial review** The Association receives 70% of the profit arising from the DSH Journal. The Journal continues to flourish and the contract with OUP provides a strong income stream. Profit share payments to the Association from OUP are staged and the final payment is not made until five months or so after the end of the year to which it relates. Journal income of £1 11,937 per Note 3 comprises advance payments of £ 96,998 received during 20 20 towards the profit share arising on the Journal's 20 20 profit and the £ 14,939 balance of the 20 20 profit share received by the Association during 202 1 . The Association has worked with the Association for Computers in the Humanities (ACH) since 1988, when a protocol was agreed for the co-sponsorship of joint international conferences. In 2005, the two Associations became more closely linked under an umbrella organisation, the Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (ADHO), founded by the two Associations to further international collaboration in promoting literary and linguistic computing. Members of the Associations become members by subscribing to the Journal. The profit from the Journal is shared pro-rata among the Associations. In 2013, the Stichting ADHO Foundation was set up as a legal entity in the Netherlands and, from the start of 2014, the foundation now manages joint ADHO expenditure, including the distribution of Journal profit. For historical reasons, profit from the Journal is currently remitted by OUP to EADH, and then passed to the Stichting ADHO Foundation, minus EADH's agreed provisional share. Per the Statement of Financial Activities on page 6 , the Association reported Net Income (i.e. a Surplus) for the year of £ 513 (201 9 - Surplus £ 26,416 ) and total unrestricted reserves of £ 101,220 at 31 December 20 20 . Expenditure of £111,843 includes a provisional payment of £102,663 to ADHO which is included in Accruals and deferred income within Note 10, Creditors. ## **Reserves Policy** It is the Trustees' policy to maintain Unrestricted Funds (i.e. free reserves) at a level that equates to approximately six months of unrestricted expenditure. Per the Statement of Financial Activities on page 6 , Unrestricted Funds at 31 December 20 20 amounted to £ 101,120 (201 9 : £ 100,607 ) which, although above the required level, was acceptable to the Trustees. - 3 - ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ ## **Structure, governance and management** ## **Governing document** EADH: The European Association for Digital Humanities ("the Association") is governed by its Constitution. The Association is a recognised charity, No. 279971, England and Wales. Until September 2012, the charity was known as 'Association for Literary & Linguistic Computing'. Until July 2013, it was known as 'ALLC: The European Association for Digital Humanities'. The Trustees who served during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were: Mr Edward Vanhoutte Prof Elisabeth Burr Dr Charlotte Tupman (Resigned 23 September 2021) Dr Barbara Bordalejo Prof Fabio Ciotti Miss Simona Stoyanova (Appointed 23 September 2021) ## **Appointment of Trustees** Committee vacancies for each year are filled by election and the result declared at the Annual General Meeting. Proposals must be endorsed by two further individual Members of the charity and carry a statement of the nominee's willingness to serve. ## **Risk Management** The Trustees have assessed the risk to which the charity is exposed, in particular those related to the operations and future of the charity and are satisfied that systems are in place to mitigate all exposure to major risks. ## **Covid-19** In March 2020, The World Health Organisation declared Covid-19 a pandemic. The Trustees have considered the impact of Covid-19 on the charity and have concluded that any adverse effect will be relatively low. Given the level of the charity's reserves, the Trustees are confident that the charity has sufficient financial strength to withstand Covid-19 and continue its important work. The Trustees' r eport was approved by the Board of Trustees. .............................. ## **Miss Simona Stoyanova** 27/10/2021 Dated: ......................... - 4 - ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT** ## **TO THE TRUSTEES OF EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** I report on the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2020, which are set out on pages 6 to 12. ## **Respective responsibilities of Trustees and examiner** As the charity's Trustees, you are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 2011 (“the Act”). I report in respect of my examination of the charity’s financial statements as carried out under section 145 of the 2011 Act and in carrying out my examination, I have followed all the applicable Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the Act. ## **Independent examiner's statement** Although the charity's gross income was below £250,000, the Trustees chose to have the financial statements prepared on the accruals basis and I am qualified to undertake the examination by being a qualified member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland. I have completed my examination. I confirm that no material matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination which gives me cause to believe that in, any material respect: - the accounting records were not kept in accordance with section 130 of the Charities Act; or - the financial statements did not accord with the accounting records; or - the financial statements did not comply with the applicable requirements concerning the form and content of financial statements set out in the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 other than any requirement that the financial statements give a ‘true and fair’ view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination. I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the financial statements to be reached. Alan Cunningham, C.A. Alexander Sloan Accountants and Business Advisers 180 St Vincent Street Glasgow G2 5SG ## 27/10/2021 Dated: ......................... - 5 - ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES INCLUDING INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ |||**Unrestricted**|Unrestricted| |---|---|---|---| |||**funds**|funds| |||**2020**|2019| ||**Notes**|
**£**|**£**| |**Income from:**|||| |Income from charitable activities|**3**|112,356|154,293| |Investments|**4**|-|1| |**Total income**||112,356|154,294| |**Expenditure on:**|||| |C ost of c haritable activities|**5**|111,843|127,878| |**Net income for the year/**|||| |**Net movement in funds**||513|26,416| |Fund balances at 1 January 2020||100,607|74,191| |**Fund balances at 31 December 2020**||101,120|100,607| The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities. The notes on pages 8 to 12 form an integral part of these financial statements. - 6 - ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **BALANCE SHEET** ## _**AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ |**2020**
**Notes**
**£**
**Current assets**
Debtors
**9**
14,939
Cash at bank and in hand
192,323
207,262
**Creditors: amounts falling due within**
**one year**
**10**
(106,142)
Net current assets
**Income funds**
Unrestricted funds|**£**
101,120
101,120
101,120|**2019**
**£**
46,377
136,534
182,911
(82,304)|**£**
100,607
100,607
100,607| |---|---|---|---| 27/10/2021 The financial statements were approved by the Trustees on ......................... .............................. **Miss Simona Stoyanova** Trustee The notes on pages 8 to 12 form an integral part of these financial statements. - 7 - **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ ## **1 Accounting policies** ## **Charity information** The European Association for Digital Humanities is an unincorporated charity, registered in England and Wales. The correspondence office address is 23 Union Street, Exeter, EX2 9BB. ## **1.1 Accounting convention** The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the charity's constitution, the Charities Act 2011 and “Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)” (as amended for accounting periods commencing from 1 January 2019). The charity is a Public Benefit Entity as defined by FRS 102. The financial statements are prepared in sterling , which is the functional currency of the charity. Monetary a mounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below. ## **1.2 Going concern** At the time of approving the financial statements, the Trustees have a reasonable expectation that the charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus the Trustees continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements. ## **1.3 Charitable funds** Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the Trustees in furtherance of their charitable objectives. ## **1.4 Income** Income is recognised when the charity is legally entitled to it after any performance conditions have been met, the amounts can be measured reliably, and it is probable that income will be received. ## **Income from Charitable Activities** Income from charitable activities includes income earned both from the supply of goods or services under contractual arrangements and from performance-related grants which have conditions that specify the provision of particular goods or services to be provided by the charity. Income from charitable activities is recognised as earned (as the related goods or services are provided). ## **Investment income** Interest on funds held on deposit is included when receivable and the amount can be measured reliably by the charity; this is normally upon notification of the interest paid or payable by the bank. - 8 - **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ ## **1 Accounting policies** ## **(Continued)** ## **1.5 Expenditure** Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to that expenditure, it is probable that settlement will be required and the amount of the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably. Liabilities are measured on recognition at historical cost and then subsequently measured at the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. The exception is that certain financial instruments must be adjusted to their present value; these include financial liabilities where settlement is deferred for more than 12 months after the reporting date. All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis. All expenses including support costs and governance costs are allocated or apportioned to the applicable expenditure headings. ## **Expenditure on Charitable Activities** Expenditure on charitable activities includes all costs incurred by the charity in undertaking activities that further its charitable aims for the benefit of its beneficiaries, including those support costs and costs relating to the governance of the charity apportioned to charitable activities. The costs of charitable activities presented in the Statement of Financial Activities includes the costs of both direct services provision and the payments of grant awards if applicable. ## **Governance costs** Governance costs (which are included as a component of support costs in accordance with SORP) comprise all costs involving the public accountability of the charity and its compliance with regulation and good practice. These costs include those related to constitutional and statutory requirements, external scrutiny (audit or independent examination), strategic management, and other legal and professional fees. ## **1.6 Cash and cash equivalents** Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities. ## **1.7 Financial instruments** The charity has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments. Financial instruments are recognised in the charity's balance sheet when the charity becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. ## _**Basic financial assets**_ Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised. - 9 - **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ ## **1 Accounting policies** ## **(Continued)** ## _**Basic financial liabilities**_ Basic financial liabilities, including creditors and bank loans are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future p aymen ts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised. Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method. Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of operations from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. ## _**Derecognition of financial liabilities**_ Financial liabilities are derecognised when the charity’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled. ## **1.8 Irrecoverable VAT** Irrecoverable VAT is charged against the expenditure heading for which it was incurred. ## **2 Critical accounting estimates and judgements** In the application of the charity’s accounting policies, the Trustees are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods. ## **3 Income from charitable activities** ||**Unrestricted**|
**Unrestricted**| |---|---|---| ||**funds**|
**funds**| ||**2020**|
**2019**| ||**£**|
**£**| |Journal Income|111,937|
129,665| |Contributions from Associate Organisations|419|
24,628| ||112,356|
154,293| - 10 - ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ ## **4 Investments** |Interest receivable
**5 C ost of c haritable activities**
Project and activities costs
Running costs
Interest and finance charges
Governance costs (See Note 6 )
**6**
**Net income**
Net income for the year is stated after charging:
Independent Examination fee|**2020**
**£**
-
**2020**
**£**
106,000
2,432
195
3,216
111,843
**2020**
**£**
3,216|2019
£
1
**2019**
**£**
119,993
4,932
133
2,820
127,878
**2019**
**£**
2,820| |---|---|---| ## **7 Trustees** None of the Trustees (or any persons connected with them) received any remuneration or benefits from the charity during the year. See also Note 1 1 . During the year, expenses were reimbursed to various Trustees in relation to meeting and conference expenses incurred as follows: - Mr Edward Vanhoutte - £ Nil (201 9 - £ 159 ) - Dr Charlotte Tupman - £Nil (201 9 - £ Nil ) - Dr Barbara Bordalejo - £ 1,166 (201 9 - £ 961 ) - Prof Øyvind Eide - £ Nil (201 9 - £ 1,485 ) - Prof Elisabeth Burr - £ 251 (201 9 - £ 453 ) - Fabio Ciotti - £185 (2019 - £Nil) - 11 - ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ ## **8 Employees** The average monthly number of employees during the year was: |
Total
**9**
**Debtors**
**Amounts falling due within one year:**
Prepayments and accrued income
**10**
**Creditors: amounts falling due within one year**
Accruals and deferred income
**11**
**Related party transactions**|**2020**
**Number**
-
**2020**
**£**
14,939
**2020**
**£**
106,142|**2019**
**Number**
-
**2019**
**£**
46,377
**2019**
**£**
82,304| |---|---|---| There were no disclosable related party transactions during the year (2019 - none). - 12 - **The following pages do not form part of the statutory accounts** ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **DETAILED TRADING AND PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ |**Income from charitable activities**
Journal income
Contributions from Associate Organisations
**Investment income**
Other interest receivable operating
**Total income**
**Total expenditure**
**Net surplus for the year**|**£**
111,937
419
-|**2020**
**£**
112,356
-
112,356
(111,843)
513|**2019**
**£**
**£**
129,665
24,628
154,293
1
1
154,294
(127,878)
26,416| |---|---|---|---| ## **EADH: THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR DIGITAL HUMANITIES** ## **DETAILED TRADING AND PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020**_ |**Charitable activities**
Projects and activities
EADH Funded Workshops
EADH Day
Joint ADHO Activities
Running costs
General expenses
Printing charges
Meeting costs
Interest and finance charges
Bank charges
Governance costs
Independent examination fees
**Total charitable activities expenditure**
**Total expenditure**|**£**
2,276
1,061
102,663
232
-
2,200
195
3,216|**2020**
**£**
106,000
2,432
195
3,216
111,843
111,843|**£**
571
500
118,922
180
1,420
3,332
133
2,820|**2019**
**£**
119,993
4,932
133
2,820| |---|---|---|---|---| |||||127,878| |||||127,878|