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Number 81 (August 2023)
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The Malacologist
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NUMBER 81 AUGUST 2023

T��

E�� …………………………….. ..............................2 N�� ………………………………………….…………….…2 A�� —�� 2022 R�� M�� S�� L�� R�� AGM C�� W�� B�� G�� A�� M�� I�� ……….. ………………….…….

O�� - ……………………..

E�� Non-marine molluscs of anthropogenically impacted caves of Meghalaya: understanding diversity and threats for conservation Nipu Kumar Das 18 S�� Standing on the shoulders of giants: archiving Rosemary Bowman’s historical limpet data Louise B. Firth ……………………………………..…...24

Reducing successful shipworm larval settlement on wood that has been modi�ied using furfurylation

Angiostrongylus malaysiensis in gastropod and rat population at recreational parks of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Suey Yee Low …………………………………………...27 Connectivity patterns of invasive snails Callinina georgiana and Heterogen japonica Developing a nationwide baseline of giant clam population densities across the coral reefs of Thailand Matthias Desmolles ……………………………………..29 F�� M�� Molluscan Forum .................................................................30 G�� A�� O� T�� S��.....................................33 M�� N�� …………………………………….…..….35

This issue includes a report of the 130th AGM of the Malacological Society of London, plus a report on the special symposium, entitled "William Benson and the golden age of malacology in India " co-hosted by the Society and the Natural History Museum

�� Non-marine molluscs of anthropogenically impacted caves of Meghalaya: understanding diversity and threats for conservation. ��

Figure 2: The surveyed limestone caves of Meghalaya:

The Malacological Society of London was founded in 1893 and registered as a charity in 1978 (Charity Number 275980)

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The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

EDITORIAL

��

�� The Malacologist. ��

�� Angiostrongylus malaysiensis �� Callinina georgiana �� Heterogen japonica ��

�� TAXONOMIC/NOMENCLATURAL DISCLAIMER �� This publication is not deemed to be valid for taxonomic/nomenclatural purposes NOTICES �� ~~[see Article 8b in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 3~~[rd ] ~~Edition~~ (1985), edited by W.D. Ride et al .]. ~~��~~ ��

Annual Award of the Malacological Society of London (MLS)

��

�� Evo-

lution and function of vision in strombids. ��

Other awards

�� Cepaea nemoralis ��

��

Molluscs on the Antique Roadshow

African celebratory vase studded with cowrie shells. This item featured on the Antiques

Viewers were challenged as to the value of three items of carving, including a ring and a carved conch shown here. The machine-carved 20th century conch was the least valuable at £100-200.

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The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

New publication—Joseph Crosse 1826-1898).

��

Joseph Charles Hippolyte Crosse (1826-1898). 1, biography, bibliography and new taxa introduced

��

��

Bivalve conference in Cambridge is replete

��

Update 10/07/2023: We have reached capacity, please get in touch with the organisers if you wish to be contacted in the event of places becoming available.

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The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

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The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

World's �irst octopus farm—from a BBC report

��

�� Octopus vulgaris �� [�] ��

��

IMAGE SOURCE,GERARDO G. MOURÍN -

Some members of the Council of the Malacological Society of London attending a Zoom Council meeting

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The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

The Malacological Society of London

��://��.M��.��.��

Molluscan Forum

Thursday 16[th] November 2023 9:00 am – 6.30 pm Flett Lecture Theatre Natural History Museum, London

CALL FOR REGISTRATIONS AND PAPERS

See page 30 in this issue for more details

Front page news

Slugs make it to the front page of the Daily Star (it is the silly season, after all)

Photographic Atlas of Waccamaw Formation Mollusca

��

�� A Photographic Atlas of Waccamaw Formation Mollusca ��

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The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

Annual report of Malacological Society Council for 2022/2023 delivered by the President, Dr Jon Ablett

�� [��] �� �� ��

Membership reported by Harriet Wood

��

Finance for the �inancial year ending 31st December 2022 reported by Katrin Linse

��

�� Journal of Molluscan Studies ��

��

Meeting - the Molluscan Forum, reported on by Phil Hollyman and Thomas Goulding

��

�� Cepaea nemoralis ��

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Number 81 (August 2023)

>CONTINUED

Publications

The Malacologist , reported on by Georges Dussart

�� 79 �� Towards an annotated and illustrated checklist of Peruvian land snails: a visit to Berlin �� A Guide to Land Snails of Australia �� The Sound Of The Sea �� Interesting Shells �� 80 �� Barcoding the diversity of neglected meiofaunal molluscs in the western Mediterranean �� The deep-sea Scaly Footed Snail ��

The Journal of Molluscan Studies, reported on by Dinarzarde Raheem

�� 87 �� 88 ��

��

The Website, reported on by John Grahame

��

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Number 81 (August 2023)

>CONTINUED

Facebook & Twitter, reported on by Jon Ablett and Lauren Sumner-Rooney

��

Awards, reported on by Lauren Sumner-Rooney

�� . �� Bivalves: where are we going? �� Evolution and function of vision in strombids ��

Early Career Research Awards

�� Giant clams population, health and role as substrate for scleractinian corals in Thai waters �� £1450 �� Ecological and evolutionary trade-offs in specialised predator- prey relationship where the prey is also a predator. �� £1,468 �� 3D morphoanatomic study and molecular systematics of Pruvotinidae (Mollusca, Aplacophora) �� £1500 �� Between sea angels and butter�lies: a comprehensive phylogeny of Pteropoda molluscs �� £1,497 �� Diversity and characterization of the meiofaunal molluscs of the Catalan coast (Western Mediterranean) �� £1,450 �� The genetic consequences of tropicalisation by intertidal gastropods �� £1500 �� Comparative mitogenomics and phylogenetics of Biomphalaria, snails transmitting schistosomiasis �� £1500 �� Genetic characterization of parasites in the invasive snail Cipangopaludina chinensis in the US �� £1,450. �� Non-marine molluscs of anthropogenically impacted caves of Meghalaya: Understanding diversity and threats for conservation �� Whole-genome sequencing project of Sadleriana bavarica Boeters, 1989 �� £1500

�

Senior Research Awards

�� Data rescue and reuse: archiving historical datasets to address new environmental challenges �� £1445. �� Estimation of mutation rates in the Venus clam Chamelea gallina �� £1274

Travel Awards, March 2023

�� £500 �� £300 �� £500 �� £500 �� £300 �� £300 �� £500 �� £500 �� £500 �� £500 �� £500 �� £300 �� £300

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Number 81 (August 2023)

>CONTINUED

Other matters

��

Change to Rules of the Society

��

Presidents Report

��

Members elected to Council at the 130th Annual General Meeting 2023

Year of existence	2022-2023	2023-2024
	129	130
President	Jon Ablett (2)	Jon Ablett (3)
Vice Presidents	Fiona Allan (2)	Fiona Allan (3)
	Phillip Hollyman (1)	Phillip Hollyman (2)
Ex officio
Councillors	Alan Hodgson (3)	Aidan Emery (3)
	Aidan Emery (2)	Robert Cameron (3)
	Robert Cameron(2)	Victoria Sleight(3)
	Victoria Sleight (2)	Katie Collins (3)
	Katie Collins (2)	Rowan Whittle (2)
	Rowan Whittle (1)	John Grahame (2)
	John Grahame (1)
EC-Rep	Thomas Goulding (1)	Thomas Goulding (2)
Co-opted	Phil Fenburg (1)	Phil Fenburg (2)
	Crispin Little (1)	Crispin Little (2)
		Alan Hodgson (1)
Journal Editor	Dinazarde Raheem	Dinazarde Raheem
Bulletin Editor	Georges Dussart	Georges Dussart
Treasurer	Katrin Linse (finalyear)	Katrin Linse (finalyear)
Membership Secretary	Harriet Wood (2)	Harriet Wood (3)
Hon. Secretary	Debbie Wall-Palmer (2)	Debbie Wall-Palmer (3)
Web manager	John Grahame (web)/Chong Chen(Facebook)	John Grahame (web)/Victoria Sleight(Facebook)
Awards Officer	Lauren Sumner Rooney (2)	Lauren Sumner Rooney (3)
Archivist	Andreia Salvador(2)	Andreia Salvador(3)

(Numbers in brackets indicate number of years in office)

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Number 81 (August 2023)

Rules revision Rules of the Society as amended by the 130th AGM 2023

I. NAME

The Society shall be called The Malacological Society of London.

II. OBJECTS

The objects of the Society are to advance education, research and learning for the public benefit in the study of molluscs from both pure and applied aspects. In furtherance of these objects, but not further or otherwise, the Society shall have the following powers:

(a) To promote and co-ordinate meetings and symposia,
(b) To promote and co-ordinate research both pure and applied;
(c) To provide for the worldwide dissemination of the useful results of such research by publication of the Journal of Molluscan Studies ;
(d) To award prizes to outstanding students in the field of molluscan biology;

(e) To award research grants to individuals which will advance the study of molluscan biology;

(f) To do all such things as will further the objects of the Society

(g) To award travel and membership support to students and earlycareer scientists in the field of molluscan biology.

III. MEMBERSHIP

Membership will be open to all individuals who are interested in the study of molluscs, both from pure and applied aspects.

(a) There will be Student Members, Ordinary Members and Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall currently be limited to five; they shall be exempt from all payments and receive the same privileges as Ordinary Members. They shall be nominated by the Council and such nominations shall be confirmed at the ensuing Annual General Meeting.

(b) Members shall be entitled to online access the Journal of Molluscan Studies together with such circulars as may be issued during their membership.

�� The Council has the discretion to remove any member that is considered to fall below a standard acceptable to the Society but shall not exercise these powers unreasonably.

IV. MANAGEMENT

The business of the Society shall be managed by a Council elected at Annual General Meetings of the Society. The Council shall comprise the Honorary Officers (President, Treasurer, Secretary, Membership Secretary, Editor of the Journal, Editor of The Malacologist, Archivist, Website Manager, Facebook Manager, Twitter Manager, Early Career Representative and Awards Officer), the immediate Past-President ( ex-officio for one year), two Vice-Presidents and six Ordinary Members. One individual may hold more than one council position/role. In addition, Council may co-opt up to four members on an annual basis.

Vice-Presidents and Ordinary Members of Council are elected for three years and shall not be eligible for reelection in their respective offices for one year; the Officers of the Society shall be eligible for re-election each year, but the President shall normally serve for three years and upon retirement shall serve as a Vice-President ( ex officio ) for one year. Treasurer, Secretary and Membership Secretary shall normally serve for three years but shall be eligible for re-election after each three year period of service and can be re-elected indefinitely with agreement of the Council and the membership.

Nominations for Council from members must be proposed and seconded and in the hands of the Secretary by 31 December. It shall be the duty of Council to nominate members for election to the offices of President, Treasurer, Secretary, Membership Secretary, Editor of the Journal, Editor of The Malacologist , Archivist, Website Manager, Facebook Manager, Twitter Manager, Early Career Representative and Awards Officer, and for the vacancies in the Council caused by annual retirement. Nominations from the members and from Council shall be submitted to the Society with the notice convening the Annual General Meeting which shall be sent to every member of the Society not less than fourteen days before the Meeting.

In the case of a vacancy arising in any office of the Society, or in the Council, the Council shall have power to fill up such vacancy until the next Annual General Meeting.

At Council Meetings any six members shall form a quorum.

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>CONTINUED

V. FINANCE

(a) Admission fees and annual subscriptions shall be such sums as may be determined by a Special General Meeting convened under Rule VI(c), or at the Annual General Meeting.

(b) Subscriptions shall be due from the 1 January in each year; but in the case of a new member, immediately after election.

(c) Any member whose current subscription has not been received in full by 31 January shall be reminded of the arrears in subscription and be informed that online access of the Journal, and other membership benefits, are suspended until the arrears are paid.

(d) The Council shall revise and publicize the conditions of the Society's awards and grants from time to time. (e) For the purpose of legal protection of the property of the Society, all funds, books and other property shall be declared vested in Council as the Society's Trustees.

(f) The Council shall cause to be kept Minutes of Council and Society Meetings and books of account in respect of all receipts, payments, assets and liabilities. Accounts shall be presented to each Annual General Meeting for approval by members and such accounts shall be independently examined.

VI. MEETINGS

(a) Council shall each year organize a programme of Ordinary Meetings of the Society, which may include meetings held in association with similar institutions.

(b) The Annual General Meeting shall be held at some time during the period February to April.

(c) The Council may, when they think fit, and shall upon a Requisition signed by not fewer than twelve members, convene a Special General Meeting of the Society. A notice of every Special General Meeting, stating the business, shall be sent to every Member of the Society not less than fourteen days before such meeting or announced in the Bulletin; no business shall be considered at such Meeting except that for which it was specially convened.

(d) Council shall meet regularly though out the year to discuss society business.

VII. RULES

Matters relating to the interpretation of the Rules shall be decided by the Council.

VIII. AMENDMENT

No rule shall be altered except by a majority of votes of those present at a Special General Meeting called for the purpose, or at the Annual General Meeting. No change shall be made that would have the effect of causing the Society to cease to be a Charity in Law.

IX. WINDING UP

If upon winding up or dissolution of the Society there remains, after the satisfaction of all its debts and liabilities, any property whatsoever, the same shall not be paid or distributed among the members of the Society, as such, but shall be given or transferred to some other charitable institution or institutions having objects similar to the objects of the Society and which shall prohibit the distribution of its or their income and property among its or their members, such institution or institutions to be determined by the members of the Society at or before the time of dissolution, and if so far as effect cannot be given by such provisions, then to some charitable object.

(Adopted 17 May 1978, revised 25 March 1998, 19 March 2001, 28 April 2005 and 29 March 2023)

From a Facebook post

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Number 81 (August 2023)

William Benson and the Golden Age of Malacology in India

��

Programme

12.30 AGM for Council and Members

14.00 Symposium welcome and introductions

14.10 Richard Preece (Museum of Zoology, Cambridge) ‘ William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India’

14.40 Tom White (NHM, London)

‘ William Benson, his successors, and his legacy’

15.10 Dinazarde Raheem (Rajarata University of Sri Lanka) ‘ The Sri Lankan land-snail fauna: Benson’s contribution and recent research on Corilla’

15.40 Coffee break

16.10 Aravind Madhyastha ((Ashoka Trust, India) ‘ Benson, Godwin-Austen and the current status of studies on nonmarine molluscs of India’

16.40 Barna Pall Gergely

‘ It all began with Benson’

17.15 Closing Remarks

17.30 Wine Reception

Some of the joint authors of the Benson publication L-R Tom White, Richard Preece & Jon Ablett

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Richard Preece William Benson: pioneer of the golden age of malacology Museum of Zoology, Cambridge in British India

��

Tom White William Benson: NHM, London his successors and his legacy

��

�� Conchologia Indica ��

�� Fauna of British India �� Land and Freshwater Mollusca of India. ��

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Number 81 (August 2023)

Dinarzarde Raheem The Sri Lankan land-snail fauna; William Benson’s Rajarata University of Sri Lanka contribution and recent on Corillo

�� Corilla �� Corilla �� Edgar Leopold Layard (1824–1900). �� https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ �� Edgar_Leopold_Layard ��

Indoartemon layardianus (Streptaxidae), a species collected by Edgar Layard and described by Benson. Photo D.Raheem

�� C. erronea �� C. fryae �� C. erronea �� C. gudei �� C. odontophora �� Corilla �� C. odontophora ��

Barna Páll-Gergely 'It all began with Benson'

��

�� Alycaeus ��

�� Plectopylis ��

�� Dioryx ��

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Number 81 (August 2023)

N.A. Aravind Benson, Godwin Austen and the current status of studies on non-marine molluscs of India

SM Sehgal Foundation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur PO, Bangalore 560064, India

The realm of Indian malacology, particularly in relation to non-marine molluscs, witnessed significant growth through the pioneering efforts of William Benson during the early to mid-19th century. Subsequently, from that time until the year 1930, a host of European malacologists significantly enriched our knowledge of the systematics of molluscs. Among these malacologists, HH Godwin-Austen stands out as the final luminary who achieved significant achievements. Following his demise in 1923, the momentum of Indian malacology subsided, marked by limited contributions from a handful of researchers hailing from India. However, the landscape of Indian malacology experienced a renaissance during the latter half of the 20th century, largely catalysed by the pioneering endeavours of Fred Naggs from the Natural History Museum in London. His exploration of the works of William Benson ignited a spark of interest among numerous young malacologists in India. In the wake of this resurgence, our laboratory embarked on an extensive survey encompassing the documentation, systematics, biogeography, and conservation efforts pertaining to nonmarine molluscs of India. Through these surveys, we made a substantial collection from over 500 distinct sites across India, encompassing an assemblage of more than 1,000 species and a staggering tally exceeding 20,000 specimens. My presentation elucidates how these comprehensive collections have been judiciously harnessed to unravel the intricacies of the aforementioned subjects. In conclusion, I deliberate upon the impending challenges and the abundant prospects that lie on the horizon, in the realm of non-marine mollusc research and conservation within the Indian context.

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Obituary

Maryna Pauline PLESOWAY

��

Publications

�� The International Journal of Developmental Biology ��

�� Bmc Biology ��

�� et al. �� Gerris buenoi �� Bmc Genomics ��

�� Crepidula atrasolea �� The International Journal of Developmental Biology ��

�� Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution ��

�� Evolution & Development �� The International Journal of Developmental Biology ��

�� Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology �� Calyptraea lichen �� Invertebrate Biology ��

�� Crepidula: �� Evodevo ��

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Number 81 (August 2023)

Research financially supported by the Malacological Society of London

Non-marine molluscs of anthropogenically impacted caves of Meghalaya: understanding diversity and threats for conservation Nipu Kumar Das[1,2]

1 ��
2 ��

INTRODUCTION

��

�� et al ��

��

�� Acmella tersa �� Georissa mawsmaiensis �� et al ��

MATERIAL & METHODS

�� et al �� et al ��

��

Figure 1 Map of caves sampled in Meghalaya, India

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Figure 2: The surveyed limestone caves of Meghalaya: Arwah cave(a-c), Krem Lymput (d-e), Mawmluh cave (f-g), Krem Dam (h-i), Krem Puri (j-k),

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Figure 2 continued The surveyed limestone caves of Meghalaya: Mawjymbuin cave (l-n) & Mawshun cave (o-p).

RESULTS

Diversity

�� et al ��

Figure 3: Number of taxa across the surveyed caves; (A) Mawshun cave, (B) Krem Puri, (C) Arwah, Mawjymbuin, and Mawmluh caves, (D) Krem Lymput.

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Table 1: Molluscan diversity across the surveyed caves in Meghalaya

Cave	Latitude	Longitude	Inside/ Outside	Family	*Species*
Mawmluh Cave	25.253222	91.714566	Inside	Helicarionidae	Cryptaustenia sp1
Arwah Cave	25.301939	91.72691	Inside	Assimineidae	Acmella sp1
Krem Puri	25.2777803	91.55866	Inside	Hyselostomatidae	Angustopila milium
			Inside	Assimineidae	Acmella sp2
			Outside	Hydrocenidae	Georissa sp
Krem Dam	25.30694	91.592073	No specimens found; fossilized freshwater snails on the rocks (Figure 6.3.u)
Mawjymbuin cave	25.3046572	91.5850165	Inside	Hyselostomatidae	Angustopila milium
Mawshun cave	25.232175	91.957224	Outside	Diplommatinidae	Diplommatina sp
			Outside	Ariophantidae	Macrochlamys cf molecula
			Outside	Plectopylidae	Endothyrella affinis
			Outside	Helicarionidae	Cryptaustenia sp2
			Outside	Cyclophoridae	Spiraculum cf nagaense
			Outside	Cyclophoridae	Cycllophorus sp
Krem Lymput	25.178353	91.787333	Inside	Assimineidae	Acmella sp4
			Inside	Assimineidae	Acmella sp3
			Inside	Succineidae	Succinea sp
			Inside	Ariophantidae	Khasiella sp
			Inside	Cyclophoridae	Scabrina sp
			Outside	Diplommatinidae	Diplommatina diplocheilus
			Outside	Cyclophoridae	Craspedotropis sp
			Outside	Alycaeidae	Alycaeusprosectus
			Outside	Alycaeidae	Alycaeus cf andamaniae
			Outside	Alycaeidae	Chamalycaeus sp1
			Outside	Alycaeidae	Dicharax cf hebes
			Outside	Ariophantidae	Sesaragalea
			Outside	Achatinidae	Rishetia tenuispira
			Outside	Plectopylidae	Endothyrella cf affinis
			Outside	Pupinidae	Pseudopomatiaspleurophorus
			Outside	Cyclophoridae	Scabrina cf phaenotopica
			Outside	Chronidae	Kaliella cherraensis
			Outside	Pupinidae	Tylotoechus imbriciferus
			Outside	Plectopylidae	Pleclopylis cf plectostoma
			Outside	Achatinidae	Glessula crassula
			Outside	Achatinidae	Glessula sp1
			Outside	Achatinidae	Glessula sp2
			Outside	Clausiliidae	Oospira loxostoma
			Outside	Cyclophoridae	Cyclophorus affinis
			Outside	Ariophantidae	Macrochlamys sp1
			Outside	Ariophantidae	Macrochlamys cf lata
			Outside	Ariophantidae	Macrochlamys cf vesica
			Outside	Ariophantidae	Oxytestapollux
			Outside	Camaenidae	Chloritis delibrata v khasiensis
			Outside	Camaenidae	Chloritis sp
			Outside	Cyclophoridae	Cyclophorus siamensis
			Outside	Cyclophoridae	Cyclophorus sp
			Outside	Ariophantidae	Oxytesta cf oxytes
			Outside	Plectopylidae	Endothyrella sp1
			Outside	Plectopylidae	Endothyrella sp2
			Outside	Cyclophoridae	Pearsonia cf hispida
Mawsmai Cave	25.245	91.72405	Inside	Assimineidae	Acmella tersa
			Inside	Hydrocenidae	Georissa mawsmaiensis

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Ecological features:

��

Figure 5 Temperature and humidity comparisons between interior and exterior environments across the surveyed caves

Figure 4 Representatives specimens from the caves and their surroundings. Angustopilla milium (A), Acmella sp1

(B), Acmella sp3 (C), Craspedotropis sp (D), Macrochlamys cf molecula (E), Tylotoechus imbriciferus (F), Glessula

Threats (Figure 6) ��

��

Figure 6 1. Potential threats like Plastic wastes (q-r), artificial lighting and tourists (s) observed inside the Arwah cave

2. Measuring the temperature using digital thermometer (t);

3. Fossil of freshwater snails observed inside the Krem Dam (u);

4. Collection of microsnails from the wall of Krem Puri (v)

��

CONTINUED

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>CONTINUED

DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION

��

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

��

OUTCOMES

�� Journal of Conchology ��

REFERENCES:

�� Records of the Indian Museum �� 26 ��
�� Current Science ��
��
�� Indian Journal of Biological Sciences �� 11 ��
�� The biology of caves and other subterranean habitats ��
�� Acmella tersa �� Acmella �� Molluscan Research �� 41 ��
�� Georissa �� Journal of Conchology �� 44 ��
�� Angustopila �� et al �� Raf�les Bulletin of Zoology �� 69 ��
�� Journal of Cave and Karst Studies , 70 ��

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The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

Research financially supported by the Malacological Society of London

Standing on the shoulders of giants: archiving Rosemary Bowman’s historical limpet data

Louise B. Firth

��

�� Patella vulgata �� P. ulyssiponensis �� P. aspera ��

��

�� Penny kindly gifted her files to me. Despite having three excellent students working on the data over two consecutive summers, we have only managed to digitise a fraction of her data. Rosemary’s data are a treasure and need to be properly curated and shared. We are currently working on publishing a number of datasets and papers.

Figure 1. Example of data recording sheet showing the level of detail that was captured in fixed plots on the rocky shore at Robin Hood’s Bay.

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��

Literature cited

�� Marine Pollution Bulletin ��

�� Patella �� Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ��

�� Patella vulgata ��

�� Patella �� Hydrobiologia ��

�� Patella vulgata �� Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ��

�� Global Change Biology ��

�� Balanus balanoides �� Netherlands Journal of Sea Research ��

�� Semibalanus balanoides �� Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ��

�� Patella vulgata �� Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and ��

��

�� Netherlands Journal of Sea Research ��

�� Frontiers in Marine Science ��

Figure 2. Example of temperature data recording sheet and newspaper cuttings of monthly weather reports.

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Number 81 (August 2023)

TRAVEL GRANT REPORTS

Reducing successful shipworm larval settlement on wood that has been modi�ied using furfurylation

Lucy Martin[1] , Irene Guarneri[2] , Davide Tagliapietra[2] , Simon Cragg[1 ]

��

Shipworm Teredo navalis ’ bivalve shell

��

Shipworm damage in experimental wood

��

Hemispherical bore holes from attempted shipworm larval settlement, examples circled. Metamorphosed larvae i.e., ‘successful’ settlement attempts, examples indicated by arrows. Scale 1mm.

----- Start of picture text -----
View from the Arsenale di Venezia at the end of the work
day.
----- End of picture text -----

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Number 81 (August 2023)

Angiostrongylus malaysiensis in gastropod and rat population at recreational parks of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

29[th] International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology in Chennai (India), 20 – 24 August 2023

Suey Yee Low

��

�� Parasites; Global Impacts, Local Solutions ��

Photo booth of WAAVP 2023

��

�� Angiostrongylus malaysiensis �� Angiostrongylus ��

��

Some participants from different countries.

Poster presentation session on 23 Aug 2023.

Page 28

The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

89th annual meeting of American Malacological Society 2023

Connectivity patterns of invasive snails Callinina georgiana and Heterogen japonica

W.A.N.U Nimanthi Abeyrathna

��

�� Callinina georgiana �� Heterogen japonica ��

�� 'Women and Safe Fieldwork. ��

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----- Start of picture text -----
With an elephants' ear
mussel
Taking part in the panel
discussion
----- End of picture text -----

Page 29

The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

5th Asia Paci�ic Coral Reef Symposium (APCRS) 2023 – Singapore

Developing a nationwide baseline of giant clam population densities across the coral reefs of Thailand

Matthias Desmolles

Aow Thai Marine Ecology Center (ATMEC), Bangkok, Thailand

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�� T. crocea �� T. gigas ��

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Page 30

The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

Forthcoming meetings

The Malacological Society of London

��://��.M��.��.��

Molluscan Forum

Thursday 16[th] November 2023

9.00 – 6.30 Flett Lecture Theatre Natural History Museum, London Organisers

CALL FOR REGISTRATIONS AND PAPERS

This informal, annual, and successful meeting is designed to bring together people starting their research on molluscs, to give them the opportunity to present and discuss their work and to compare notes on methods and problems.

Attendance at the Molluscan Forum is open to all, but presenters should be research students, post-doctoral researchers, undergraduate students starting molluscan projects, and amateurs engaged in substantial projects that have not yet been published. Any topic related to molluscs is acceptable: palaeontological, physiological, behavioural, ecological, systematic, morphological, cellular, or molecular.

Talks (~12 minutes), quick fire talks (~3 minutes) or posters may be offered. They need not be polished accounts of completed work; descriptions of new methods, work in progress, and appeals for assistance with unsolved problems are equally acceptable.

With a hybrid format this year we will have two virtual sessions (with limited space) to give those unable to travel to the UK a chance to present their work. Posters will all be presented in person.

T�� NO �� .

Enquiries and registrations to:

events@malacsoc.org.uk

Non-presenters:

Virtual attendance of talk sessions for non-presenters will be possible (poster sessions will be in person), so please indicate whether you will be attending in person or virtually. Please let us know you will be coming so that we can estimate numbers.

CONTINUED >

Page 31

The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

Molluscan Forum, Thursday 16[th] November 2023 9.00 – 6.30 Flett Lecture Theatre, Natural History Museum, London REGISTRATION FORM

Return before 15[th] September 2023, by email to:

events@malacsoc.org.uk

Name................................................................................................................…………… Institute..........................................................................................................…………..…

......................................................................................................................……………… Email.................................................................................................……………...............

Status: PhD student / Masters student / Undergraduate / Post-doctoral researcher / amateur (delete as appropriate) ‘Other’ (please state) ………………………..

I wish to give a talk (~12minutes)/ quick fire talk (3 minutes) / poster (delete as appropriate) entitled:

.............................................................................................................................………………………

..............................................................................................................................……………………...

I would like to present in person / remotely (talks only). Delete as appropriate.

IMPORTANT

Please attach, as a Microsoft Word attachment, an abstract of not more than 350 words, TOGETHER WITH TWO .JPG IMAGES IN SUPPORT OF THE ABSTRACT. Abstracts and images of accepted contributions will be published in the Society’s online bulletin which is called The Malacologist. The Malacologist has an ISSN number and is published and archived on the website of the MSL.

Posters should be roll-ups or mounted on stiff cards, and should require no more than a 1 metre x 1 metre display area. They will be mounted on boards (velcro supplied).

If you are unable to get financial support from elsewhere (students and amateurs only) and need assistance with travel costs, please enter here the cost of the cheapest possible public transport return fare to London.

£................................................

Funding is not guaranteed but we endeavour to support as many presenters as possible. Late registrations may miss the opportunity for financial support. The support will be limited, so funding from elsewhere should be sought first. A provisional programme will be sent out late October.

CONTINUED >

Page 32

The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

CONTINUED

Abstract submission

Abstracts submitted for the Molluscan Forum should be sent as Microsoft Word files. Please use the following format:

Title (12pt, centred)

Authors (10 pt, centred, presenting author underlined; use superscript numbers to indicate institutional affiliation)

Institutions (10pt, centred; in this order: Number (superscript), Department, Institution, City, Country) Presenting Author email Abstract (11pt, no indentation, justified, 350 words maximum)

EXAMPLE ABSTRACT

The Geographic Scale of Speciation in Stramonita (Neogastropoda: Muricidae)

Martine Claremont[1,2] , Suzanne T. Williams[1] , Timothy G. Barraclough[2] , and David G. Reid[1]

1Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, London, UK 2Department of Biology, Imperial College London, Berkshire, UK Email: m.claremont@nhm.ac.uk

Stramonita is a relatively small, well-defined genus of muricid marine gastropods limited to the tropical Eastern Pacific and the Atlantic. The type species, S. haemastoma , is known to have teleplanic larvae and is estimated to remain in the water column for several weeks. Stramonita haemastoma shows regional variation, and this has led to the recognition of five geographical subspecies: S. h. haemastoma , from the Mediterranean and Eastern Atlantic to Brazil, S. h. floridiana , on the east coast of Florida and in the Eastern Caribbean, S. h. caniculata on the west coast of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, S. h. rustica in the Western Caribbean and S. h. biserialis in the Eastern Pacific. The protoconch has been shown to be similar across the S. haemastoma complex, implying that all subspecies have equally long lived larvae. Within these subspecies, cryptic variation is suspected. For example, S. h. biserialis is suggested to be differentiated North/ South on a small scale. In the presence of teleplanic larvae, speciation on such a small scale seems paradoxical. Various explanations for this paradox are possible. Actual (or realized) dispersal of Stramonita species may be more limited than presently believed, leading to allopatric differentiation. Alternatively, morphological differentiation may not be a reliable indicator of genetic differentiation, and S. haemastoma ( sensu lato ) might indeed prove to be a single taxa. It is also possible that ecological speciation could result in geographical speciation on a small scale in the presence of wide dispersal. My results suggest that five species of Stramonita are present in the Caribbean, at least three of which occur sympatrically. Gene flow is maintained between Caribbean and Mediterranean populations in at least one species, while no genetic differentiation was found along the Eastern Pacific coast. The implications of these results are discussed.

NOTE THAT ABSTRACTS ARE PUBLISHED IN THE MALACOLOGIST WHICH IS THE BULLETIN OF THE SOCIETY AND HAS AN ISSN NUMBER.

BEFORE THE FORUM, PLEASE EMAIL TO THE EDITOR TWO IMAGES TO ACCOMPANY YOUR ABSTRACT. TRY TO MAKE THESE IMAGES ONES THAT YOU WOULD NOT USE IN AN EVENTUAL FULL PAPER. EDITOR georges.dussart@canterbury.ac.uk

Page 33

The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

Grants and Awards

�� Journal of Molluscan Studies �� Journal of Molluscan Studies �� The Malacologist ��

Early Career Research grants

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Sir Charles Maurice Yonge Award

�� the Journal of Molluscan Studies ��

Senior Research Awards

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Travel Grants

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Annual Award

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Applications

�� Honorary Awards Secretary, Lauren Sumner-Rooney,

��

Page 34

The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

Global Participation Postgraduate Student Scheme

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�� The Malacological Society of London �� [��] �� [��] ��

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�� Journal of Molluscan Studies ��
�� The Malacologist
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Application procedure:

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Selection criteria:

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Conditions:

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Page 35

The Malacologist

Number 81 (August 2023)

Malacological Society of London – Subscription and Membership

Objects

�� Journal of Molluscan Studies ��

Publications

�� Proceedings �� Journal of Molluscan Studies �� Journal �� The Malacologist �� The Malacologist ��

Meetings and articles

�� Journal ��

Subscriptions

Membership subscriptions are valid from 1st January for a single calendar year.

Membership fee structure

��

Methods of Payment

New Members:

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Existing Members :

�� login ��

OR

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Institutional Subscriptions to the Journal

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For any membership queries please contact the Membership Secretary: membership@malacsoc.org.uk

NEW Broadening Access Membership Scheme

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�� 10 postgraduate students each year free membership �� The Malacological Society of London ��

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�� Journal of Molluscan Studies ��
�� The Malacologist
��
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Application procedure:

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REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: 275980

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES AND UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 FOR THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

Staffords Chartered Accountants Unit 1, Cambridge House Camboro Business Park Oakington Road, Girton CAMBRIDGE Cambridgeshire CB3 0QH

THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022

	Page
Report of the Trustees	1 - 3
Independent Examiner's Report	4
Statement of Financial Activities	5
Balance Sheet	6
Notes to the Financial Statements	7 to 11

THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022

The trustees present their report with the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2021. The trustees have adopted the provisions of the Charities SORP (FRS102) ‘Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standards applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)(effective 1 January 2015)’, Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland’ and the Charities Act 2011.

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT

Governing document

The charity is controlled by its governing document, a deed of trust, and constitutes an unincorporated charity.

The governing document is continually reviewed following its original adoption on 17 May 1978, with the current operative revision of the governing document being that amended on 28 April 2005.

Recruitment and appointment of new trustees

Nominations for Council (the board of related party) from members must be proposed and seconded and in the hands of the Secretary by December 31st. Members at the AGM 2016 proposed and seconded that only the Society’s President and Officers (Treasurer, Secretary, Membership Secretary, Awards Secretary) are forming the board of trustees. It shall be the duty of Council to nominate members for election to the offices of President, Treasurer, Secretary, Membership Secretary, Editor of the Journal, Editor of the Bulletin, Archivist, Web Manager, and Awards Secretary, and for the vacancies in the Council caused by annual retirement. Nominations from the members and from Council shall be submitted to the Society with the notice convening the Annual General Meeting which shall be sent to every member of the Society not less than fourteen days before the Meeting.

In the case of a vacancy arising in any office of the Society, or in the Council, other than by way of resignation or retirement in the Annual General Meeting, the Council shall have power to appoint a temporary Council member to that vacancy until the next Annual General Meeting.

Risk management

The trustees have a duty to identify and review the risks to which the charity is exposed and to ensure appropriate controls are in place to provide reasonable assurance against fraud and error.

In particular:

(a) Admission fees and annual subscriptions shall be such sums as may be determined by a Special General Meeting convened under Rule VI(c), or at the Annual General Meeting.

(b) Subscriptions shall be due on the 1st of January in each year; but in the case of a new member, immediately after election. Members elected during the months of November and December, however, shall not be required to pay for the year in which they are elected.

(c) Any member whose current subscription has not been received in full by 31 January shall be reminded of the arrears in subscription and be informed that despatch of the Journal is suspended until the arrears are paid. No member whose subscription is twelve months in arrears shall be entitled to any of the privileges of the Society, and any member whose subscription is two years in arrears shall cease to be a member of the Society, unless the Council decide otherwise.

(d) The Council shall revise and publicise the conditions of the Society's awards and grants from time to time.

(e) For the purpose of legal protection of the property of the Society, all funds, books and other property shall be declared vested in Council as the Society's Trustees.

Page 1

THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

Objectives and aims

The governing document contains the following in relation to the objective of the charity:

(a) To promote and co-ordinate meetings and symposia,

(b) To promote and co-ordinate research both pure and applied;

(c) To provide for the worldwide dissemination of the useful results of such research by publication of the Journal of Molluscan Studies;

(d) To award prizes to outstanding students in the field of molluscan biology;

(e) To award research grants to individuals which will advance the study of molluscan biology;

(f) To do all such things as will further the objects of the Society.

Significant activities

In 2022 the Malacological Society of London held a virtual AGM meeting with the online symposium “Molluscan Tropical Biodiversity”, and the annual Molluscan Forum for Young Scientists was also held as a hybrid meeting with online and in-person presentations. The Society published the members' bulletin "The Malacologist" and in cooperation with Oxford University Press "Journal of Molluscan Studies".

Public benefit

The charity's objects are for the public benefit because increasing public knowledge is required as they form an important part of the global biodiversity and ecosystem stability which can have effects on human health and are a human food source.

ACHIEVEMENT AND PERFORMANCE

Charitable activities

In 2022 the main charitable activities were the funding of ten ECR and two SCR research projects, of which all were claimed, (total cost of £17,534), the support of three students to attend conferences and eleven students to attend the Molluscan Forum (£2,840), and support to the organization of two malacological conferences (£3,522).

FINANCIAL REVIEW

The finances of the Malacological Society have been impacted during 2022 by UK’s challenging economy ad stock market with an overall loss of £30,052 This loss is explained by significant losses in the Investment funds.

Our investments had an overall loss of £43,663 (comparing market value at 31 December 2022 with market value at 31 December 2021), with the COIF Investment Fund making a loss of £29,780 and the COIF Fixed Interest Fund a loss of £13,883. During 2022, no funds were transferred from the current account to savings accounts.

Separately, the profit-share from the publication of the Journal of Molluscan Studies in 2022 provided the Society with most of its income contributing £43,431, compared to £48,035 in 2021. This year OUP did not provide information on sales of the digital archives. The Editor of the Journal, Dr Dinarzarde Raheem, and the Assistant Editors are to be commended for their hard work contributing to the publication of our scientific journal.

In 2022, more funds were used for research awards, being £17,534 in 2022 compared to £13,948 in 2021, and spending on travel and meeting related spending, significantly dropped during the pandemic, increased to pre-pandemic levels. The Society (MSL) spent more money in 2022 compared to 2021, this was mainly based on more expenses paid for research, travel and meeting awards.

Page 2

THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS Registered Charity number 275980

Principal address c/o British Antarctic Survey High Cross Madingley Road CAMBRIDGE CB3 0ET

Trustees

J Ablett President Dr H Wood Membership Secretary Dr K Linse Hon. Treasurer Dr Debbie Wall Palmer Hon. Secretary Dr Lauren Sumner Rooney Awards Officer

Independent examiner

Steven Ellis FCA Staffords Chartered Accountants Unit 1, Cambridge House Camboro Business Park CAMBRIDGE Cambridgeshire CB3 0QH

Approved by order of the board of trustees on ............................................. and signed on its behalf by:

............................................. Jonathan Ablett - Trustee

Page 3

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

I report on the accounts for the year ended 31 December 2022 set out on pages five to ten.

Respective responsibilities of trustees and examiner

The charity's trustees are responsible for the preparation of the accounts. The charity's trustees consider that an audit is not required for this year (under Section 144(2) of the Charities Act 2011 (the 2011 Act)) and that an independent examination is required.

It is my responsibility to:

examine the accounts under Section 145 of the 2011 Act
to follow the procedures laid down in the General Directions given by the Charity Commission (under Section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act); and
to state whether particular matters have come to my attention.

Basis of the independent examiner's report

My examination was carried out in accordance with the General Directions given by the Charity Commission. An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by the charity and a comparison of the accounts presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the accounts, and seeking explanations from you as trustees concerning any such matters. The procedures undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit, and consequently no opinion is given as to whether the accounts present a 'true and fair view ' and the report is limited to those matters set out in the statements below.

Independent examiner's statement

In connection with my examination, no matter has come to my attention:

(1) which gives me reasonable cause to believe that, in any material respect, the requirements
to keep accounting records in accordance with Section 130 of the 2011 Act; and
to prepare accounts which accord with the accounting records and to comply with the accounting requirements of the 2011 Act

have not been met; or

(2) to which, in my opinion, attention should be drawn in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

Steven Ellis FCA Staffords Chartered Accountants Unit 1, Cambridge House Camboro Business Park CAMBRIDGE Cambridgeshire CB3 0QH

Date: .............................................

Page 4

The Malacological Society of London

Statement of Financial acitivities (incorporating an income and expenditure account) for the year ended 31st December 2022

Note INCOMING RESOURCES Income from Activities of the Charity Members’ Subscriptions: Current Year Collection of Subscription Arrears 4 OUP: Income from Journal Publication 2 Income from sale of Digital Archive Sundry Income Donations Income from Investments 3 Interest 3 Dividends TOTAL INCOMING RESOURCES RESOURCES USED Awards Annual Award WCM Award 7 Research Awards (Early career & Senior) Malacological meeting awards 7 Travel Bursaries for conferences 5,6 Travel awards: AGM 5,6 Travel awards: Forum Directly Relating to Work of Charity 4 Journal expenses (member fees) 4 Journal colour plates 4 Journal editor expenses, incl meetings 5 Malacologist Expenses 6 Meeting Expenses Independent examiners expenses 5,6 Council Meeting travel expenses Web sites 5 Postage, Printing & Stationary Charges for cc subscription collection Bank charges Sundries Total NET INCOME 8 LOSS/GAIN ON REVALUATION OF FIXED ASSETS NET MOVEMENT IN FUNDS TOTAL FUNDS BROUGHT FORWARD TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD	TOTAL 2022 3,035 43,431 ‐ 33 ‐ ‐ 21 2,813 49,333 500 200 17,534 3,523 ‐ 1,500 ‐ 1,340 24,597 2,492 ‐ 2,100 ‐ 2,900 1,248 617 560 ‐ 58 404 748 35,723 13,610 ‐ 43,663 ‐ 30,052 516,629 486,577	TOTAL 2021
		2,205 ‐ 48,035 2,454 105 ‐ ‐ 3,181
		55,980
		‐ ‐ 13,948 ‐ ‐ 300 ‐ ‐
		14,248 4,524 1,080 1,624 286 300 1,188 ‐ ‐ 446 36 132 ‐
		23,863 32,117 41,202 73,319 443,310 516,629

CONTINUING OPERATIONS

All income and expenditure has arisen from continuing activities.

Page 5

The Malacological Society of London

Balance Sheet at 31 December 2022

Note				2022		2021
				£		£
	FIXED ASSETS			398,158		441,821
8	Tangible Assets
	CURRENT ASSESTS
11	Debtor			‐		‐
9	Cash at Banks			101,667		87,996
10	CREDITORS: (Amounts falling due within one year)		‐	13,248	‐	13,188
	NET CURRENT ASSETS			88,419		74,808
	TOTAL NET ASSETS			486,577		516,629
	FUNDS
	Unrestricted (Designated):
11	Annual Award Fund			6,500		6,500
11	CM Yonge Award Fund			9,250		9,250
11	Centenary Research Award Fund			80,000		80,000
				95,750		95,750
11	General reserve Fund			390,827		420,879
	TOTAL FUNDS			486,577		516,629
	Katrin Linse	Jonathan Ablett
	Honorary Treasurer & Trustee	President & Trustee
	Dated	Dated

Page 6

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Preparing the Financial Statements

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) 'Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standards applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)(effective 1 January 2015)', Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' and the Charities Act 2011.

‐ The SORP normally requires a columnar fomat, in this entities case the trustees' view is this is not appropriate as there are neither restricted funds nor endowment funds and so all of the activity in the year would fall within the unrestricted fund column.

Accounting Convention

The financial statements have been preprared under the historical cost convention, except for those items described immediately below.

‐ The historic cost basis of accounting is used except for investments, which have been included at their market value where readily available at the yearend date.

Going concern

The Trustees consider that there are no material uncertainties about the charity's ability to continue as a going concern.

Reconciliation with previously Generally Accepted Accounting Practice

In preparing the accounts, the trustees have considered whether in applying the accounting policies required by FRS102 and the Charities SORP FRS 102 the reinstatement of comparative items was required. In the case of this charity, no changes were made.

Fund accounting

‐ The Society funds, including funds available for awards, are not subject to any restrictions regarding their use, and are available to be used for the general purposes of the Charity. Consequently they are classified as 'Designated Funds'.

Taxation

‐ The charity is exempt from tax on its charitable activities.

Significant judgements

Apart from those judgements involving estimations, the management has not made any judgements in the process of applying the entity's accounting policies that have significant effect on the amounts recognised in the accounts. There are no key assumptions concerning the future or other key sources or estimation uncertainty at the reporting date that have significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next reporting period.

Financial reporting standard 102 ‐ reduced disclosure exemption

The charity has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemption in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by FRS 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland':

‐

the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows

Page 7

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022 (cont'd)

Resources Expended

Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all cost related to the category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to particular headings they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources.

Incoming Resources

All income is recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities once the charity has entitlement to the funds, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably.

Foreign currencies

‐ Asessts and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are tranlated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the date of transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving at the operating result.

Incoming Resources and Resources used

∙Subscriptions for annual membership are treated as follows:

Pre‐paid in prior year	Liabilities
Paid in current year	Incoming Resource: subscriptions
Unpaid at 31st December	Not included in accounts. No debtor
Subsequently recieved	Incoming Resource: collection of subscriptions
	in arrears

∙The costs of the Society Journal and supplements are written off in the year of initial distribution.

∙The Profit Share from Oxford Journals is included in the year of receipt and not accrued.

The amount of Profit Share cannot be determined accurately by OUP until after the Society's AGM.

2. SALE OF THE DIGITAL ARCHIVE BY OUP

Since 2010 the sale of the digital archives by OUP has generated a windfall profit of £13,969 in 2010, £9,284 in 2011, £7,299 in 2012, £10,068 in 2013, £7,827 in 2014, £10,590 in 2015, £2,805 in 2016, £10,429 in 2017, £4,238 in 2018, £1,352 in 2019, and £506 in 2020.

3. INTERESTS & DIVIDENDS

Income has been derived from the following sources and has been applied to funds as indicated:

Sources COIF Deposit Fund Interest COIF Fixed Interest Fund Dividend COIF Investment Fund Dividend Beneficiary Revenue Fund Annual Award Fund CM Yonge Award Fund Research Grants other Funds	2022 2021 £ £ ‐ ‐ 2,813 3,181
	2,813 3,181
	893 1,010 147 166 207 234 1,566 1,771
	2,813 3,181

Page 8

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022 (cont'd)

4. JOURNAL The surplus resulting from publication of the Journal is as follows

Profit Share from OUP Less: sales of digital archives Profit Share from OUP re Journal Less:printing costs provisioning plates Editor & CM meeting expenses Under/over‐provision in previous year Surplus on publication of the Journal	2022 2021 £ £ 43,431 50,489 ‐ 2,454 ‐
	43,431 48,035 12,000 ‐ 12,000 ‐ ‐ 1,080 ‐ 2,100 ‐ 1,624 ‐ 9,508 7,476
	38,839 40,807

5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND TRUSTEES' EXPENSES

No Trustee or Council Member has recieved any renumeration during the current or previous year. Expenses paid by Trustees and Council Members on behalf of the Society have been reimbursed during the current year as follows.

Trustee	Date	£	Reason
Raheem	04.02.22	844.71	JMS edits
Raheem	04.02.22	90.00	Sub refund
Hollyman	09.03.22	91.19	AGM zoom
Raheem	06.05.22	312.00	JMS edit monitor
Raheem	23.06.22	828.32	JMS edits
Raheem	23.06.22	115.13	OUP shortfall
Hollyman	23.06.22	28.60	CM travel
Hollyman	27.06.22	88.05	CM travel
Goulding	01.09.22	500.00	Travel award
Hollyman	31.10.22	226.00	CM travel
Hollyman	09.11.22	1,340.00	Cash Forum travel awards
Goulding	24.12.22	274.00	CM travel

The Council noticed that JMS Editor Raheem paid membership fees in previous years while the is exempt from mebership fees and reimburst the editor.

Goulding was recepient of travel award application in January 2022 for August 2022 travel prior to joining Council as the ECR representative.

6. MEETING EXPENSES

The following costs have been incurred on meetings for the Society:

AGM: Speakers travel General Dinner Zoom Webinar Forum: Travel Reception drinks Zoom Adobe Benugo Council: Travel Zoom (Feb/March)	2022 2021 £ £ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 91 14 ‐ 134 1,340 ‐ ‐ ‐ 226 92 ‐ 30 2,809 ‐ 391 ‐ ‐ 29
	4,857 300

Page 9

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022 (cont'd)

7. GRANTS AND AWARDS TO INSTITUTIONS

Although grants and awards are given to individuals, in many cases those individuals are affiliated with an institution. Under the SORP, the Society is required to give an analysis of the range of institutions for whom grants and awards are paid:

Early Career Res. Grants: 1,450 Clarkson University, USA 1,500 Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Germany 1,500 ATREE, University Bangalore, India 1,450 University of Barcelona, Spain 1,468 University of Portsmouth, UK 1,500 Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina 1,500 University of Alabama, USA 1,450 Thai Marine Ecology Center, Thailand 1,497 University of Barcelona, Spain 1,500 University of Southampton, UK

Senior Research Grants 1,445 University of Plymouth, UK 1,274 University of Milano, I

Total 17,534

In the year the total amount of grants to institutions was £13948.

8. INVESTMENTS

In 2022 no funds were transferred to the COIF Investment fund and to the Fixed Interest Fund. The following investments are held as at 31st December 2022

	Number	Price	Market	Book
	of units		Value	Value
		31‐Dec‐22	31‐Dec‐22	31‐Dec‐21
		£	£	£
COIF Investment Fund	1,364.59	220.699	301,164	330,944
(Accumulation Units)
COIF Fixed Interest Fund	83,479.39	1.1619	96,995	110,877
			398,158	441,821

These investments have been valued at market price (£398,158) in the Balance sheet, with appropriate adjustment (£43,663 ‐ £0 transfers) for the decrease in their value (£43,663) in the Statement of Financial activities as an unrealised loss.

Page 10

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022 (cont'd)

9. CASH DEPOSITS

The following accounts are held and the balances in each account are:

COIF Deposit HSBC Bank Current Account Total	2022 2021 £ £ 2,123 2,102 99,544 85,894
	101,667 87,996

10. CURRENT ASSESTS & LIABILITIES

The following debtors are outstanding

Forum Travel awards not used creditors are outstanding: Society Journal (provision) Accruals	2022 2021 £ £ ‐ ‐
	2022 2021 £ £ 12,000 12,000 1,248 1,188
	13,248 13,188

The following creditors are outstanding:

11. UNRESTRICTED FUNDS

The following movements have taken place within the Society's four designated funds:

Balance: 1st January 2022 Interest Earned Grants Allocated Surplus: 2022 Balance: 31st December 2022	Revenue Annual CM Reseach & Total Award Yonge other Award Awards £ £ £ £ £ 420,879 6,500 9,250 80,000 516,629 893 147 207 1,566 2,813 ‐ 500 ‐ ‐ 17,534 ‐ 18,034 ‐ 30,945 ‐ 353 207 ‐ 15,968 14,831 ‐
	390,827 6,500 9,250 80,000 486,577

The Trustees can, by resolution at one of their meetings, re‐designate these funds for other purposes.

Page 11

REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: 275980

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES AND UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 FOR THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

Staffords Chartered Accountants Unit 1, Cambridge House Camboro Business Park Oakington Road, Girton CAMBRIDGE Cambridgeshire CB3 0QH

THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022

	Page
Report of the Trustees	1 - 3
Independent Examiner's Report	4
Statement of Financial Activities	5
Balance Sheet	6
Notes to the Financial Statements	7 to 11

THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT

Governing document

The charity is controlled by its governing document, a deed of trust, and constitutes an unincorporated charity.

The governing document is continually reviewed following its original adoption on 17 May 1978, with the current operative revision of the governing document being that amended on 28 April 2005.

Recruitment and appointment of new trustees

Risk management

The trustees have a duty to identify and review the risks to which the charity is exposed and to ensure appropriate controls are in place to provide reasonable assurance against fraud and error.

In particular:

(a) Admission fees and annual subscriptions shall be such sums as may be determined by a Special General Meeting convened under Rule VI(c), or at the Annual General Meeting.

(d) The Council shall revise and publicise the conditions of the Society's awards and grants from time to time.

(e) For the purpose of legal protection of the property of the Society, all funds, books and other property shall be declared vested in Council as the Society's Trustees.

Page 1

THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

Objectives and aims

The governing document contains the following in relation to the objective of the charity:

(a) To promote and co-ordinate meetings and symposia,

(b) To promote and co-ordinate research both pure and applied;

(c) To provide for the worldwide dissemination of the useful results of such research by publication of the Journal of Molluscan Studies;

(d) To award prizes to outstanding students in the field of molluscan biology;

(e) To award research grants to individuals which will advance the study of molluscan biology;

(f) To do all such things as will further the objects of the Society.

Significant activities

Public benefit

ACHIEVEMENT AND PERFORMANCE

Charitable activities

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Page 2

THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS Registered Charity number 275980

Principal address c/o British Antarctic Survey High Cross Madingley Road CAMBRIDGE CB3 0ET

Trustees

J Ablett President Dr H Wood Membership Secretary Dr K Linse Hon. Treasurer Dr Debbie Wall Palmer Hon. Secretary Dr Lauren Sumner Rooney Awards Officer

Independent examiner

Steven Ellis FCA Staffords Chartered Accountants Unit 1, Cambridge House Camboro Business Park CAMBRIDGE Cambridgeshire CB3 0QH

Approved by order of the board of trustees on ............................................. and signed on its behalf by:

............................................. Jonathan Ablett - Trustee

Page 3

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

I report on the accounts for the year ended 31 December 2022 set out on pages five to ten.

Respective responsibilities of trustees and examiner

It is my responsibility to:

examine the accounts under Section 145 of the 2011 Act
to follow the procedures laid down in the General Directions given by the Charity Commission (under Section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act); and
to state whether particular matters have come to my attention.

Basis of the independent examiner's report

Independent examiner's statement

In connection with my examination, no matter has come to my attention:

(1) which gives me reasonable cause to believe that, in any material respect, the requirements
to keep accounting records in accordance with Section 130 of the 2011 Act; and
to prepare accounts which accord with the accounting records and to comply with the accounting requirements of the 2011 Act

have not been met; or

(2) to which, in my opinion, attention should be drawn in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

Steven Ellis FCA Staffords Chartered Accountants Unit 1, Cambridge House Camboro Business Park CAMBRIDGE Cambridgeshire CB3 0QH

Date: .............................................

Page 4

The Malacological Society of London

Statement of Financial acitivities (incorporating an income and expenditure account) for the year ended 31st December 2022

Note INCOMING RESOURCES Income from Activities of the Charity Members’ Subscriptions: Current Year Collection of Subscription Arrears 4 OUP: Income from Journal Publication 2 Income from sale of Digital Archive Sundry Income Donations Income from Investments 3 Interest 3 Dividends TOTAL INCOMING RESOURCES RESOURCES USED Awards Annual Award WCM Award 7 Research Awards (Early career & Senior) Malacological meeting awards 7 Travel Bursaries for conferences 5,6 Travel awards: AGM 5,6 Travel awards: Forum Directly Relating to Work of Charity 4 Journal expenses (member fees) 4 Journal colour plates 4 Journal editor expenses, incl meetings 5 Malacologist Expenses 6 Meeting Expenses Independent examiners expenses 5,6 Council Meeting travel expenses Web sites 5 Postage, Printing & Stationary Charges for cc subscription collection Bank charges Sundries Total NET INCOME 8 LOSS/GAIN ON REVALUATION OF FIXED ASSETS NET MOVEMENT IN FUNDS TOTAL FUNDS BROUGHT FORWARD TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD	TOTAL 2022 3,035 43,431 ‐ 33 ‐ ‐ 21 2,813 49,333 500 200 17,534 3,523 ‐ 1,500 ‐ 1,340 24,597 2,492 ‐ 2,100 ‐ 2,900 1,248 617 560 ‐ 58 404 748 35,723 13,610 ‐ 43,663 ‐ 30,052 516,629 486,577	TOTAL 2021
		2,205 ‐ 48,035 2,454 105 ‐ ‐ 3,181
		55,980
		‐ ‐ 13,948 ‐ ‐ 300 ‐ ‐
		14,248 4,524 1,080 1,624 286 300 1,188 ‐ ‐ 446 36 132 ‐
		23,863 32,117 41,202 73,319 443,310 516,629

CONTINUING OPERATIONS

All income and expenditure has arisen from continuing activities.

Page 5

The Malacological Society of London

Balance Sheet at 31 December 2022

Note				2022		2021
				£		£
	FIXED ASSETS			398,158		441,821
8	Tangible Assets
	CURRENT ASSESTS
11	Debtor			‐		‐
9	Cash at Banks			101,667		87,996
10	CREDITORS: (Amounts falling due within one year)		‐	13,248	‐	13,188
	NET CURRENT ASSETS			88,419		74,808
	TOTAL NET ASSETS			486,577		516,629
	FUNDS
	Unrestricted (Designated):
11	Annual Award Fund			6,500		6,500
11	CM Yonge Award Fund			9,250		9,250
11	Centenary Research Award Fund			80,000		80,000
				95,750		95,750
11	General reserve Fund			390,827		420,879
	TOTAL FUNDS			486,577		516,629
	Katrin Linse	Jonathan Ablett
	Honorary Treasurer & Trustee	President & Trustee
	Dated	Dated

Page 6

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Preparing the Financial Statements

Accounting Convention

The financial statements have been preprared under the historical cost convention, except for those items described immediately below.

‐ The historic cost basis of accounting is used except for investments, which have been included at their market value where readily available at the yearend date.

Going concern

The Trustees consider that there are no material uncertainties about the charity's ability to continue as a going concern.

Reconciliation with previously Generally Accepted Accounting Practice

Fund accounting

Taxation

‐ The charity is exempt from tax on its charitable activities.

Significant judgements

Financial reporting standard 102 ‐ reduced disclosure exemption

‐

the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows

Page 7

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022 (cont'd)

Resources Expended

Incoming Resources

Foreign currencies

Incoming Resources and Resources used

∙Subscriptions for annual membership are treated as follows:

Pre‐paid in prior year	Liabilities
Paid in current year	Incoming Resource: subscriptions
Unpaid at 31st December	Not included in accounts. No debtor
Subsequently recieved	Incoming Resource: collection of subscriptions
	in arrears

∙The costs of the Society Journal and supplements are written off in the year of initial distribution.

∙The Profit Share from Oxford Journals is included in the year of receipt and not accrued.

The amount of Profit Share cannot be determined accurately by OUP until after the Society's AGM.

2. SALE OF THE DIGITAL ARCHIVE BY OUP

3. INTERESTS & DIVIDENDS

Income has been derived from the following sources and has been applied to funds as indicated:

Sources COIF Deposit Fund Interest COIF Fixed Interest Fund Dividend COIF Investment Fund Dividend Beneficiary Revenue Fund Annual Award Fund CM Yonge Award Fund Research Grants other Funds	2022 2021 £ £ ‐ ‐ 2,813 3,181
	2,813 3,181
	893 1,010 147 166 207 234 1,566 1,771
	2,813 3,181

Page 8

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022 (cont'd)

4. JOURNAL The surplus resulting from publication of the Journal is as follows

Profit Share from OUP Less: sales of digital archives Profit Share from OUP re Journal Less:printing costs provisioning plates Editor & CM meeting expenses Under/over‐provision in previous year Surplus on publication of the Journal	2022 2021 £ £ 43,431 50,489 ‐ 2,454 ‐
	43,431 48,035 12,000 ‐ 12,000 ‐ ‐ 1,080 ‐ 2,100 ‐ 1,624 ‐ 9,508 7,476
	38,839 40,807

5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND TRUSTEES' EXPENSES

Trustee	Date	£	Reason
Raheem	04.02.22	844.71	JMS edits
Raheem	04.02.22	90.00	Sub refund
Hollyman	09.03.22	91.19	AGM zoom
Raheem	06.05.22	312.00	JMS edit monitor
Raheem	23.06.22	828.32	JMS edits
Raheem	23.06.22	115.13	OUP shortfall
Hollyman	23.06.22	28.60	CM travel
Hollyman	27.06.22	88.05	CM travel
Goulding	01.09.22	500.00	Travel award
Hollyman	31.10.22	226.00	CM travel
Hollyman	09.11.22	1,340.00	Cash Forum travel awards
Goulding	24.12.22	274.00	CM travel

The Council noticed that JMS Editor Raheem paid membership fees in previous years while the is exempt from mebership fees and reimburst the editor.

Goulding was recepient of travel award application in January 2022 for August 2022 travel prior to joining Council as the ECR representative.

6. MEETING EXPENSES

The following costs have been incurred on meetings for the Society:

AGM: Speakers travel General Dinner Zoom Webinar Forum: Travel Reception drinks Zoom Adobe Benugo Council: Travel Zoom (Feb/March)	2022 2021 £ £ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 91 14 ‐ 134 1,340 ‐ ‐ ‐ 226 92 ‐ 30 2,809 ‐ 391 ‐ ‐ 29
	4,857 300

Page 9

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022 (cont'd)

7. GRANTS AND AWARDS TO INSTITUTIONS

Senior Research Grants 1,445 University of Plymouth, UK 1,274 University of Milano, I

Total 17,534

In the year the total amount of grants to institutions was £13948.

8. INVESTMENTS

In 2022 no funds were transferred to the COIF Investment fund and to the Fixed Interest Fund. The following investments are held as at 31st December 2022

	Number	Price	Market	Book
	of units		Value	Value
		31‐Dec‐22	31‐Dec‐22	31‐Dec‐21
		£	£	£
COIF Investment Fund	1,364.59	220.699	301,164	330,944
(Accumulation Units)
COIF Fixed Interest Fund	83,479.39	1.1619	96,995	110,877
			398,158	441,821

Page 10

The Malacological Society of London

Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended 31st December 2022 (cont'd)

9. CASH DEPOSITS

The following accounts are held and the balances in each account are:

COIF Deposit HSBC Bank Current Account Total	2022 2021 £ £ 2,123 2,102 99,544 85,894
	101,667 87,996

10. CURRENT ASSESTS & LIABILITIES

The following debtors are outstanding

Forum Travel awards not used creditors are outstanding: Society Journal (provision) Accruals	2022 2021 £ £ ‐ ‐
	2022 2021 £ £ 12,000 12,000 1,248 1,188
	13,248 13,188

The following creditors are outstanding:

11. UNRESTRICTED FUNDS

The following movements have taken place within the Society's four designated funds:

Balance: 1st January 2022 Interest Earned Grants Allocated Surplus: 2022 Balance: 31st December 2022	Revenue Annual CM Reseach & Total Award Yonge other Award Awards £ £ £ £ £ 420,879 6,500 9,250 80,000 516,629 893 147 207 1,566 2,813 ‐ 500 ‐ ‐ 17,534 ‐ 18,034 ‐ 30,945 ‐ 353 207 ‐ 15,968 14,831 ‐
	390,827 6,500 9,250 80,000 486,577

The Trustees can, by resolution at one of their meetings, re‐designate these funds for other purposes.

Page 11

2022-12-31-accounts

NUMBER 81 AUGUST 2023

Contents

T����� ����� �������

Annual Award of the Malacological Society of London (MLS)

Other awards

Molluscs on the Antique Roadshow

New publication—Joseph Crosse 1826-1898).

Bivalve conference in Cambridge is replete

World's �irst octopus farm—from a BBC report

Molluscan Forum

CALL FOR REGISTRATIONS AND PAPERS

Front page news

Photographic Atlas of Waccamaw Formation Mollusca

Annual report of Malacological Society Council for 2022/2023 delivered by the President, Dr Jon Ablett

Membership reported by Harriet Wood

Finance for the �inancial year ending 31st December 2022 reported by Katrin Linse

Meeting - the Molluscan Forum, reported on by Phil Hollyman and Thomas Goulding

>CONTINUED

Publications

The Malacologist , reported on by Georges Dussart

The Journal of Molluscan Studies, reported on by Dinarzarde Raheem

The Website, reported on by John Grahame

>CONTINUED

Facebook & Twitter, reported on by Jon Ablett and Lauren Sumner-Rooney

Awards, reported on by Lauren Sumner-Rooney

Early Career Research Awards

Senior Research Awards

Travel Awards, March 2023

>CONTINUED

Other matters

Change to Rules of the Society

Presidents Report

Members elected to Council at the 130th Annual General Meeting 2023

Rules revision Rules of the Society as amended by the 130th AGM 2023

I. NAME

II. OBJECTS

III. MEMBERSHIP

IV. MANAGEMENT

>CONTINUED

V. FINANCE

VI. MEETINGS

VII. RULES

VIII. AMENDMENT

IX. WINDING UP

William Benson and the Golden Age of Malacology in India

Programme

Richard Preece William Benson: pioneer of the golden age of malacology Museum of Zoology, Cambridge in British India

Dinarzarde Raheem The Sri Lankan land-snail fauna; William Benson’s Rajarata University of Sri Lanka contribution and recent on Corillo

Barna Páll-Gergely 'It all began with Benson'

Obituary

Maryna Pauline PLESOWAY

Publications

INTRODUCTION

MATERIAL & METHODS

>CONTINUED

>CONTINUED

RESULTS

Diversity

CONTINUED>

>CONTINUED

Ecological features:

Threats (Figure 6) ��

>CONTINUED

DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

OUTCOMES

REFERENCES:

Louise B. Firth

>CONTINUED

Literature cited

TRAVEL GRANT REPORTS

Reducing successful shipworm larval settlement on wood that has been modi�ied using furfurylation

Lucy Martin[1] , Irene Guarneri[2] , Davide Tagliapietra[2] , Simon Cragg[1 ]

Angiostrongylus malaysiensis in gastropod and rat population at recreational parks of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Suey Yee Low

89th annual meeting of American Malacological Society 2023

Connectivity patterns of invasive snails Callinina georgiana and Heterogen japonica

W.A.N.U Nimanthi Abeyrathna

5th Asia Paci�ic Coral Reef Symposium (APCRS) 2023 – Singapore

T��

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NEW Broadening Access Membership Scheme