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2021-12-31-accounts

Charity number: 267670

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

UNAUDITED

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

CONTENTS
Page
Reference and administrative details of the charity, its trustees and advisers 1
Trustees' report 2 - 4
Independent examiner's report 5
Statement of financial activities 6
Balance sheet 7
Notes to the financial statements 8 - 17

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS OF THE CHARITY, ITS TRUSTEES AND ADVISERS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Trustees

Dr S P Newman Mr D Gamble Dr K J Fox Mrs J Barker Mr P J Bangs Mr M Rae Mr R Skeen Ms L Ferrer

Charity registered number

267670

Principal office

The Poplars, 37 Granville Road, Wigston, Leicestershire, LE18 1JQ

Accountants

Larking Gowen LLP, Summerhill House, 1 Sculthorpe Road, Fakenham, NR21 9HA

Page 1

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

TRUSTEES' REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

The Trustees present their annual report together with the financial statements of the charity for the 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021.

Objectives and Activities

a. Policies and objectives

The objects of the charity are to advance the study and science of ornithology by acting as the parent body to Holme Bird Observatory and help engage as far as possible the full time services of a warden for the observatory.

Achievements and performance

a. Review of activities

COVID continued to cast its shadow over the NOA’s activities in 2021. Fortunately, it was possible for our HQ at Holme Bird Observatory to be staffed daily, and for Walsey Hills and Hempton Marsh reserves to be wardened regularly. This meant that our core activities could continue more or less normally. Although vaccines made visitors more confident to be out and about, we decided not to hold either our “Go Wild at Drove” event at Drove Orchards, or our moth days at Holme and Hempton.

The Trustees’ activities were also affected by COVID, because we were reluctant to meet face to face until the autumn. That meant that most of our meetings across the year were virtual, using the medium of Microsoft Teams. Happily, there were no changes to the composition of the Council of Trustees during the year to complicate matters. Our wardening staff were also unchanged compared with 2020, with an Assistant Warden’s post continuing to be funded by the Goldcrest Charitable Trust.

As in 2020, we explored various options for holding an AGM, but ultimately we decided simply to cancel it again, based on Charity Commission advice. Reports from Chairman and Treasurer were prepared, and were made available to any member requesting them.

As usual, much of our income derived from memberships, which held up well during the pandemic, and even seemed to increase, with some new memberships being purchased by holidaymakers wishing to access Holme beach. Membership income was supplemented by agri-environment grants, and by the proceeds of our Annual Grand Draw and quarterly 200 Club draws. We were pleased to receive further instalments of two bequests, of which we had become aware in 2020.

During 2021, our in-house team produced the NOA’s annual report for 2020, and quarterly Newsletters were also produced, being sent to members either electronically or by post.

2021 proved to be a relatively poor year for wildlife, in strong contrast to the previous year. This was due in part to winds blowing from the wrong direction during key migration periods. Regular bird ringing at Holme Bird Observatory continued, but for the first time in NOA’s history we ringed more birds at both Walsey Hills and Hempton Marsh.

There were two major improvements to our infrastructure during the year. The first of these was a replacement of the steps at Walsey Hills, and the second was replacement of the boardwalk at Holme Bird Observatory that leads to the coastal footpath. Both were overdue for repair, and the latter work was done in collaboration with the Norfolk Wildlife Trust, to ensure the welfare of Natterjack Toads.

Page 2

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

TRUSTEES' REPORT (continued) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Review of activities (continued)

During the 2020 lockdowns, we had begun a book project “The Birds of Holme Bird Observatory 1962 to 2020”, which gives detailed accounts all the bird species recorded by the Observatory since its foundation. We were pleased to complete the project and to publish the book in July 2021, following printing by a local firm in Hunstanton.

As usual, the NOA’s activities were made much easier during the year by the help we received from our many volunteers, and we are grateful not only to them but also to all our members for their loyalty during trying times.

Financial review

a. Going concern

After making appropriate enquiries, the trustees have a reasonable expectation that the charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. Further details regarding the adoption of the going concern basis can be found in the Accounting Policies.

b. Reserves policy

The attached accounts demonstrate in financial terms the activities of the Charity for the past year. The Charity has a surplus in the current year of £221,157 (2020: deficit of £4,801). The surplus, and the increase in unrestricted funds described below, is due to two bequest receipts totalling £254,500 (2020: £nil).

The Charity has unrestricted reserves of £511,741 (2020: £290,584) which can be used at the trustees' discretion in the furtherance of the Charity's objectives. There are designated reserves of £83,450 (2020: £83,450) which represent the cost of the property that was purchased using the Lottery grant of £38,000 and other properties purchased since 1973, excluding the costs of the Redwell land and swap fees. The restricted reserves balance is £nil (2020: £nil).

The Charity will initiate steps to look into the major risks faced by them and take any necessary action to mitigate these risks.

Structure, governance and management

a. Constitution

Norfolk Ornithologists Association is registered with the Charity Commissioners (charity number 267670). It registered with effect from 23 August 1974 and is governed by its constitution.

b. Method of appointment or election of Trustees

The management of the charity is the responsibility of the Trustees who are elected and co-opted under the terms of the Trust deed.

The NOA was founded in the 1960s to be the parent body to fund and administer Holme Bird Observatory, the only accredited bird observatory in Norfolk.

The charity's constitution states that the business of the Association shall be governed by a council of not less than five or more than nine members, each of whom shall be a Trustee of the Association.

Page 3

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NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Independent examiner's report to the Trustees of Norfolk Ornithologists Association (the 'charity')

I report to the charity Trustees on my examination of the accounts of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2021.

This report is made solely to the charity's Trustees, as a body, in accordance with Part 4 of the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008. My work has been undertaken so that I might state to the charity's Trustees those matters I am required to state to them in an Independent examiner's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, I do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charity and the charity's Trustees as a body, for my work or for this report.

Responsibilities and basis of report

As the Trustees of the charity you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 2011 ('the 2011 Act').

I report in respect of my examination of the charity's accounts carried out under section 145 of the 2011 Act and in carrying out my examination I have followed all the applicable Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act.

Independent examiner's statement

Since the charity's gross income exceeded £250,000 your examiner must be a member of a body listed in section 145 of the 2011 Act. I confirm that I am qualified to undertake the examination because I am a member of Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, which is one of the listed bodies.

Your attention is drawn to the fact that the charity has prepared the accounts in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) in preference to the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice issued on 1 April 2005 which is referred to in the extant regulations but has been withdrawn.

I understand that this has been done in order for the accounts to provide a true and fair view in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Practice effective for reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2015.

I have completed my examination. I can confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect:

  1. accounting records were not kept in respect of the charity as required by section 130 of the 2011 Act; or

  2. the accounts do not accord with those records; or

  3. the accounts do not comply with the applicable requirements concerning the form and content of accounts set out in the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 other than any requirement that the accounts give a 'true and fair' view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination.

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

Signed: Dated: 17 October 2022 Christopher Yeates FCA DChA

Larking Gowen LLP

Chartered Accountants Fakenham

Page 5

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Note
Income and endowments
from:
Donations and legacies
2
Charitable activities:
Activities for generating funds
3
Investments
4
Total income and
endowments
Expenditure on:
Costs of generating funds
5
Charitable activities
6
Governance
7
Total expenditure
Net income / (expenditure)
before other recognised
gains and losses
Net movement in funds
Reconciliation of funds:
Total funds brought forward
Total funds carried forward
Designated
funds
2021
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
83,450
83,450
Restricted
funds
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
2021
£
37,600
259,179
-
52,803
-
7,178
37,600
319,160
-
5,045
37,600
87,896
-
5,062
37,600
98,003
-
221,157
-
221,157
-
290,584
-
511,741
Total
funds
2021
£
296,779
52,803
7,178
356,760
5,045
125,496
5,062
135,603
221,157
221,157
374,034
595,191
Total
funds
2020
£
26,430
50,632
5,530
82,592
3,452
73,776
10,165
87,393
(4,801)
(4,801)
378,835
374,034

The notes on pages 8 to 17 form part of these financial statements.

Page 6

B￿ANCe SHEET AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021 2020 Flx•d •M•l• Tanglbl¢ as8ets Curr•nt •M•ts Stock5 Debtcrf8 C•8h •t aryj In 11 86,969 12 13 245 6.828 29r,220 ,293 Cr•dlty•: amotyts ¥Atrth ( yè8r 14 154423) (17.228) 287,065 191 374,034 Chaffty Fund• DeIgnat￿ Unre8trk4￿ 15 15 450 511,741 Tot1 fund• 191 374,034 d on tho bahall, by: Dv4ld GwlJl• Tr•uurnr Page 7

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

1. Accounting policies

1.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared to give a 'true and fair' view and have departed from the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 only to the extent required to provide a 'true and fair' view. This departure has involved following the Charities SORP (FRS 102) published on 16 July 2014 rather than the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice effective from 1 April 2005 which has since been withdrawn.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention with items recognised at cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant notes to these accounts. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Statement of Recommended Practice: Accounting and Reporting by Charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) issued on 16 July 2014 and Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and Charities Act 2011.

Norfolk Ornithologists Association constitutes a public benefit entity as defined by FRS 102.

1.2 Going concern

The trustees have considered the charity’s position at the time of signing the financial statements, and have concluded that they have a reasonable expectation that the charity will have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, and at least twelve months from the date of signing these financial statements, they therefore continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing these financial statements.

1.3 Income

All income is recognised once the charity has entitlement to the income, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount of income receivable can be measured reliably.

Income tax recoverable in relation to donations received under Gift Aid or deeds of covenant is recognised at the time of the donation.

Income tax recoverable in relation to investment income is recognised at the time the investment income is receivable.

Page 8

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

1. Accounting policies (continued)

1.4 Expenditure

Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably..

Governance costs are those incurred in connection with administration of the charity and compliance with constitutional and statutory requirements.

Costs of generating funds are costs incurred in attracting voluntary income, and those incurred in trading activities that raise funds.

Charitable activities and Governance costs are costs incurred on the charity's operations, including support costs and costs relating to the governance of the charity apportioned to charitable activities.

Grants payable are charged in the year when the offer is made except in those cases where the offer is conditional, such grants being recognised as expenditure when the conditions attaching are fulfilled. Grants offered subject to conditions which have not been met at the year end are noted as a commitment, but not accrued as expenditure.

All expenditure is inclusive of irrecoverable VAT.

1.5 Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

A review for impairment of a fixed asset is carried out if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of any fixed asset may not be recoverable. Shortfalls between the carrying value of fixed assets and their recoverable amounts are recognised as impairments. Impairment losses are recognised in the Statement of financial activities.

Tangible fixed assets are carried at cost, net of depreciation and any provision for impairment. Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost of fixed assets, less their estimated residual value, over their expected useful lives on the following bases:

Freehold property - Nil - Plant and machinery 25% Straight line Motor vehicles - 25% Straight line

1.6 Interest receivable

Interest on funds held on deposit is included when receivable and the amount can be measured reliably by the charity; this is normally upon notification of the interest paid or payable by the Bank.

1.7 Stocks

Stocks are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value after making due allowance for obsolete and slow-moving stocks.

1.8 Debtors

Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount after any trade discount offered. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid net of any trade discounts due.

Page 9

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

1. Accounting policies (continued)

1.9 Cash at Bank and in hand

Cash at bank and in hand includes cash and short term highly liquid investments with a short maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition or opening of the deposit or similar account.

1.10 Liabilities and provisions

Liabilities are recognised when there is an obligation at the Balance sheet date as a result of a past event, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefit will be required in settlement, and the amount of the settlement can be estimated reliably.

1.11 Financial instruments

The charity only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial instruments. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently measured at their settlement value with the exception of bank loans which are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

1.12 Fund accounting

General funds are unrestricted funds which are available for use at the discretion of the Trustees in furtherance of the general objectives of the charity and which have not been designated for other purposes.

Designated funds comprise unrestricted funds that have been set aside by the Trustees for particular purposes. The aim and use of each designated fund is set out in the notes to the financial statements.

Restricted funds are funds which are to be used in accordance with specific restrictions imposed by donors or which have been raised by the charity for particular purposes. The costs of raising and administering such funds are charged against the specific fund. The aim and use of each restricted fund is set out in the notes to the financial statements.

2. Income from donations and legacies

Donations
Legacies
Total donations and legacies
Total 2020
Designated
funds
2021
£
-
-
-
-
Restricted
funds
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
2021
£
37,600
4,679
-
254,500
37,600
259,179
22,253
4,177
Total
funds
2021
£
42,279
254,500
296,779
26,430
Total
funds
2020
£
26,430
-
26,430

Page 10

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

3. Fundraising income

Membership income
Permits
Sales (books, cards, videos,
etc)
Fundraising activities
Miscellaneous income
Basic Payment Scheme &
Higher Level Stewardship
Scheme
Total 2020
Investment income

Investment income
Total 2020
Costs of raising funds

Goods for resale
Fundraising costs
Total 2020
Designated
funds
2021
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Designated
funds
2021
£
-
-
Designated
funds
2021
£
-
-
-
-
Restricted
funds
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
2021
£
-
30,451
-
1,722
-
2,435
-
7,819
-
11
-
10,365
-
52,803
-
50,632
Restricted
funds
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
2021
£
-
7,178
-
5,530
Restricted
funds
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
2021
£
-
2,893
-
2,152
-
5,045
-
3,452
Total
funds
2021
£
30,451
1,722
2,435
7,819
11
10,365
52,803
50,632
Total
funds
2021
£
7,178
5,530
Total
funds
2021
£
2,893
2,152
5,045
3,452
Total
funds
2020
£
30,190
1,316
120
7,418
130
11,458
50,632
Total
funds
2020
£
5,530
Total
funds
2020
£
633
2,819
3,452

4. Investment income

5. Costs of raising funds

Page 11

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

6. Charitable activities

Wages
Water rates
Electricity
Travelling
Office stationery and printing
Postage and carriage
Telephone
Repairs and renewals
Site development - Hempton
Site development - Redwell
Site development - Observatory
Site development - Walsey
Rent
Miscellaneous expenses
Ringing costs
Website costs
Pension contributions
Total 2020
Activities
£
51,475
80
2,456
1,902
4,407
3,041
828
1,860
725
537
28,656
25,999
180
717
1,688
414
531
125,496
73,776
Total
2021
£
51,475
80
2,456
1,902
4,407
3,041
828
1,860
725
537
28,656
25,999
180
717
1,688
414
531
125,496
73,776
Total
2020
£
50,984
97
2,033
2,374
4,449
2,334
995
4,466
65
288
671
134
240
1,520
1,823
257
1,046
73,776

7. Governance costs

Designated
funds
2021
£
Independent Examiner's
costs
-
Insurance
-
Professional fees
-
Depreciation
-
-
Restricted
funds
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
2021
£
-
1,222
-
2,465
-
756
-
619
-
5,062
Total
funds
2021
£
1,222
2,465
756
619
5,062
Total
funds
2020
£
1,200
2,368
180
6,417
10,165

Page 12

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

8. Net income/(expenditure)

This is stated after charging:

2021 2020
£ £
Depreciation of tangible fixed assets:
- owned by the charity 619 6,423

During the year, no Trustees received any remuneration (2020 - £NIL). During the year, no Trustees received any benefits in kind (2020 - £NIL).

During the year, 1 Trustee received £113 being reimbursement of expenses paid on behalf of the charity (2020 - £83).

There were no related party transactions in this or the prior period.

9. Independent Examiner' remuneration

The Independent Examiner's remuneration amounts to an Independent Examination fee of £1,300 (2020 - £1,200.)

10. Staff costs

Staff costs were as follows:

Pension contributions
Wages and salaries
2021
£
531
51,520
52,051
2020
£
1,046
50,984
52,030

The average number of persons employed by the charity during the year was as follows:

2021 2020
No. No.
2 2

No employee received remuneration amounting to more than £60,000 in either year.

Page 13

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

11. Tangible fixed assets

Cost
At 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021
Depreciation
At 1 January 2021
Charge for the year
At 31 December 2021
Net book value
At 31 December 2021
At 31 December 2020
Freehold
property
£
85,430
-
-
-
85,430
85,430
Plant and
machinery
£
21,093
19,554
619
20,173
920
1,539
Motor
vehicles
£
33,242
33,242
-
33,242
-
-
Total
£
139,765
52,796
619
53,415
86,350
86,969

The properties are made up of nature reserves/land.

£

1973/74 Holme Dunes 100
1985 Redwell Marsh approx 35 acres 34,000
1989 Whiddington Wood -
1973 Walsey Hills 100
1984 The Quags 5,000
1984 Salthouse Estate 750
1980 Aslack Way Office 5,500
2000 Hempton Marsh property 38,000
2010 Redwell land swap fees 1,980
Total 85,430

12. Stocks

Stocks
2021 2020
£ £
Raw materials 245 245

Page 14

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

13. Debtors

Trade debtors
Other debtors
Prepayments and accrued income
Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year
Trade creditors
Accruals and deferred income
Deferred income
Deferred income at 1 January 2021
Resources deferred during the year
Amounts released from previous years
Deferred income at 31 December 2021
2021
£
1,636
3,868
2,692
8,196
2021
£
10,578
44,845
55,423
2020
£
1,743
2,655
2,430
6,828
2020
£
12,618
4,610
17,228
£
4,610
45,300
(4,610)
45,300

14. Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

Page 15

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

15. Statement of funds

Statement of funds - current year

Unrestricted funds
General Funds
Designated funds
Designated Funds
Restricted Funds
Total of funds
Balance at
1 January
2021
£
290,584
83,450
-
374,034
Income Expenditure
£
£
319,160
(98,003)
-
-
37,600
(37,600)
356,760
(135,603)
Balance at
31
December
2021
£
511,741
83,450
-
595,191

The charity has restricted, designated and unrestricted funds. The unrestricted funds are able to be applied at the Trustees' discretion in connection with the charity's objectives.

The designated funds represent the cost of the property that was purchased using the Lottery grant of £38,000 and other properties purchased since 1973, excluding the costs of the Redwell land swap fees.

Restricted funds are in relation to the assistant warden's salary, site development at Walsey, the annual report and two plaques.

Statement of funds - prior year

General Funds
Designated Funds
Restricted Funds
Total of funds
Balance at
1 January
2020
£
287,297
83,450
8,088
378,835
Income
£
59,519
-
22,253
81,772
Expenditure
£
(59,023)
-
(27,550)
(86,573)
Transfers
in/out
£
2,791
-
(2,791)
-
Balance at
31
December
2020
£
290,584
83,450
-
374,034

Page 16

NORFOLK ORNITHOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

16. Analysis of net assets between funds

Analysis of net assets between funds - current year

Tangible fixed assets
Current assets
Creditors due within one year
Analysis of net assets between funds - prior year
Tangible fixed assets
Current assets
Creditors due within one year
Designated
funds
2021
£
83,450
-
-
83,450
Designated
funds
2020
£
83,450
-
-
83,450
Restricted
funds
Unrestricted
funds
2021
£
2021
£
-
2,900
-
564,264
-
(55,423)
-
511,741
Restricted
funds
Unrestricted
funds
2020
£
2020
£
-
3,519
-
304,293
-
(17,228)
-
290,584
Total
funds
2021
£
86,350
564,264
(55,423)
595,191
Total
funds
2020
£
86,969
304,292
(17,227)
374,034

17. Post balance sheet events

In 2020 the charity was notified that it was among the beneficiaries of two estates. During the period £254,500 was received from the estates and this is recognised in income. The charity is expecting to receive further distributions. No amounts are recognised for the additional receipts because a reliable estimate of the amounts to be received could not be made at 31 December 2021.

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