OpenCharities

This text was generated using OCR and may contain errors. Check the original PDF to see the document submitted to the regulator.

2021-04-05-accounts

CHARITY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 261685

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust Financial Statements

(Working name of the Mrs Waterhouse Charitable Trust) 5 April 2021

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Financial Statements

Year ended 5 April 2021

Pages
Trustees' annual report 1 to 5
Independent auditor's report to the members 6 to 9
Statement of financial activities 10
Statement of financial position 11
Statement of cash flows 12
Notes to the financial statements 13 to 19

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Trustees' Annual Report

Year ended 5 April 2021

The trustees present their report and the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 5 April 2021.

Reference and administrative details

Registered charity name The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust Charity registration number 261685 Principal office 2nd Floor, Parkgates Bury New Road Prestwich Manchester M25 0TL The trustees A M H Dunn H M E Dunn Auditor Haffner Hoff Ltd Accountants & statutory auditor 2nd Floor - Parkgates Bury New Road Prestwich Manchester M25 0TL

The trustees

- 1 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

Structure, governance and management

The trust is an unincorporated trust, constituted under the terms of the Settlement made by Mrs Elsbeth Waterhouse dated 9 October 1967 and is a registered charity, number 261685. The trustees hold the capital and income for exclusively charitable purposes according with the laws of England to be applied in such shares and manner as the trustees, in their absolute discretion, think fit.

The trust is managed by the trustees, who are responsible for the delivery of its objectives. It is the trustees' aim to keep expenses to a minimum with the result that over recent years more than 98% of the trust's income has been available for grant making.

Recruitment and appointment of new trustees would be in line with the Trust Deed and with the consent of the trustees. The criteria set for the suitable candidate would be someone who is sensitive to the needs and demands of the organisation. A new trustee would receive copies of the previous years' Annual Report and Accounts and a copy of the Charity Commission leaflet 'The Essential Trustee : What you need to know'.

Risk Management

The trustees have identified and reviewed the major risks to which the charity is exposed. Both manual and automated checks are regularly invoked, particularly those relating to the operations and finance of the charity. The trustees are satisfied that these systems and procedures mitigate any perceived risks.

As it is the policy of the trustees to endeavour to maintain reasonable income levels so as to continue distributing grants at similar levels to previous years, they have decided that at present, the charity should continue to invest in managed funds and to only deposit minimal funds with banks and similar institutions where returns are presently negligible.

- 2 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

Objectives and activities

The trust makes donations to bodies embracing a wide range of charities, the main fields supported being medical and health, welfare in the community, environment and wildlife, and church and heritage with special reference to charities in, or with branches in the North West of England.

The trustees do not have the power to accumulate income and accordingly the income of each accounting year is fully disbursed within the following year.

Public Benefit Policy

We have referred to the guidance contained in the Charity Commission's general guidance on public benefit when reviewing our aims and objectives and in planning our future activities.

Grant Making Policy

Grants are made to charitable institutions and organisations which accord with the objects of the charity.

Expendable endowment fund

Having regard to the original unrestricted endowment by the settlor, the late Mrs Elsbeth Waterhouse, and their powers under the Trust Deed (Clause 11a) to decide what monies represent capital and income, the trustees consider that:

Achievements and performance

The trustees do not seek public donations relying upon the fund to generate income to be distributed by grants at the trustees' discretion.

The fund generated income of £325,347 in the year and donated £321,000 to various charitable causes in accordance with the objects of the charity. In accordance with its governing document the charity has focused distributions on North West England. £271,000 (84%) of the grants distributed were to charities based in the North West or the North West operations of national charities.

- 3 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

Financial review

As at 5 April 2021 the charity held free reserves of £97,051 (2020:£95,540).

Investment Policy

There are no restrictions on the trustees' power to invest. The investment strategy is set by the trustees over the long term having regard to their intention to use annual income for grants.

Their overall policy is to invest in medium risk investment by way of managed investment funds for charitable trustees with a view to ensuring that capital appreciation of the funds exceed inflation over the long term while maintaining a level of income yields from year to year which matches London clearing bank base rates. The strategy is reviewed with the trustees' investment managers annually.

Investment Performance

The long-term effect of the coronavirus pandemic on the charity's investments is not yet clear, however early indicators seem to show that the investments have recovered well after an initial fall in value which coincided with the previous year end. The value of the charity's investments at 5 Apr 2021 was over £850,000 (10%) higher than at 5 April 2019 before the onset of the pandemic.

Reserves Policy

The Unrestricted Fund represents the unrestricted funds arising from past operating results.

It is the policy of the trustees to maintain free reserves of approximately one quarter of the annual incoming funds to provide for possible urgent appeals for grants. Subject to this reserve, their intention is to fully distribute income by way of grants. However, they intend to review the application of this reserves policy to any realised investment gains as and when this becomes appropriate.

Trustees' responsibilities statement

The trustees are responsible for preparing the trustees' report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

The law applicable to charities in England and Wales requires the charity trustees to prepare financial statements for each year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of the incoming resources and application of resources, of the charity for that period.

In preparing these financial statements, the trustees are required to:

- 4 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

The trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the charity's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Charities Act 2011, the applicable Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations, and the provisions of the Trust Deed. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The trustees' annual report was approved on 9 August 2021 and signed on behalf of the board of trustees by:

A M H Dunn Trustee

- 5 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Year ended 5 April 2021

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust (the 'charity') for the year ended 5 April 2021 which comprise the statement of financial activities, statement of financial position, statement of cash flows and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the charity in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the trustees' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the charity's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the trustees with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

- 6 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The trustees are responsible for the other information. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the charity and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the trustees' report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Charities Act 2011 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

Responsibilities of trustees

As explained more fully in the trustees' responsibilities statement, the trustees are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the trustees are responsible for assessing the charity's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the trustees either intend to liquidate the charity or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

- 7 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

We have not detected any evidence of irregularities or of fraud during the course of the audit.

As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs (UK), we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:

- 8 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the charity's members, as a body, in accordance with section 144 of the Charities Act 2011 and regulations made under section 154 of that Act. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the charity's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charity and the charity's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Dov Schwarz FCCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)

For and on behalf of Haffner Hoff Ltd Accountants & statutory auditor 2nd Floor - Parkgates Bury New Road Prestwich Manchester M25 0TL

9 August 2021

- 9 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Statement of Financial Activities

Year ended 5 April 2021

2021 2021 2020
Unrestricted
funds Total funds Total funds
Note £ £ £
Income and endowments
Investment income 4 325,511 325,511 357,048
-------------------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------
Total income 325,511 325,511 357,048
================================ ================================ ================================
Expenditure
Expenditure on charitable activities 5,6 (324,119) (324,119) (357,500)
-------------------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------
Total expenditure (324,119) (324,119) (357,500)
================================ ================================ ================================
Net gains/(losses) on investments 8 2,016,792 2,016,792 (1,162,833)
----------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Net income/(expenditure) and net movement in funds 2,018,184 2,018,184 (1,163,285)
========================================= ========================================= =========================================
Reconciliation of funds
Total funds brought forward 7,917,763 7,917,763 9,081,048
----------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Total funds carried forward 9,935,947 9,935,947 7,917,763
========================================= ========================================= =========================================

The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities.

The notes on pages 13 to 19 form part of these financial statements.

- 10 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Statement of Financial Position

5 April 2021

2021 2020
Note £ £ £
Fixed assets
Investments 12 9,839,016 7,822,223
Current assets
Cash at bank and in hand 100,051 98,540
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 13 3,120 3,000
-------------------------------- ----------------------------
Net current assets 96,931 95,540
----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Total assets less current liabilities 9,935,947 7,917,763
----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Net assets 9,935,947 7,917,763
========================================= =========================================
Funds of the charity
Unrestricted funds 9,935,947 7,917,763
----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Total charity funds 14 9,935,947 7,917,763
========================================= =========================================

These financial statements were approved by the board of trustees and authorised for issue on 9 August 2021, and are signed on behalf of the board by:

A M H Dunn Trustee

The notes on pages 13 to 19 form part of these financial statements.

- 11 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Statement of Cash Flows

Year ended 5 April 2021

2021 2020
£ £
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income/(expenditure) 2,018,184 (1,163,285)
Adjustments for:
Net gains/(losses) on investments (2,016,792) 1,162,833
Dividends, interest and rents from investments (325,397) (355,960)
Other interest receivable and similar income (114) (1,088)
Increase in accrued expenses 120
----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Cash generated from operations (323,999) (357,500)
Interest received 114 1,088
-------------------------------- --------------------------------
Net cash used in operating activities (323,885) (356,412)
================================ ================================
Cash flows from investing activities
Dividends, interest and rents from investments 325,397 355,960
----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Net cash from investing activities 325,396 355,961
========================================= =========================================
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1,511 (451)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 98,540 98,991
-------------------------------- ----------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 100,051 98,540
================================ ============================

The notes on pages 13 to 19 form part of these financial statements.

- 12 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Notes to the Financial Statements

Year ended 5 April 2021

1. General information

The charity is a public benefit entity and a registered charity in England and Wales and is unincorporated. The address of the principal office is 2nd Floor, Parkgates, Bury New Road, Prestwich, Manchester, M25 0TL.

2. Statement of compliance

These financial statements have been prepared in compliance with FRS 102, 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland', the Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (Charities SORP (FRS 102)) and the Charities Act 2011.

3. Accounting policies

Basis of preparation

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, as modified by the revaluation of certain financial assets and liabilities and investment properties measured at fair value through income or expenditure.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the entity.

Going concern

There are no material uncertainties about the charity's ability to continue.

Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements did not require management to make judgements, estimates or assumptions that affect the amounts reported at the year end.

Fund accounting

Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the trustees to further any of the charity's purposes.

Designated funds are unrestricted funds earmarked by the trustees for particular future project or commitment.

Restricted funds are subjected to restrictions on their expenditure declared by the donor or through the terms of an appeal, and fall into one of two sub-classes: restricted income funds or endowment funds.

- 13 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

3. Accounting policies (continued)

Incoming resources

All income is included in the statement of financial activities when entitlement has passed to the charity, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the charity and the amount can be reliably measured. The following specific policies are applied to particular categories of income:

Resources expended

Expenditure is recognised on an accruals basis as a liability is incurred. Expenditure includes any VAT which cannot be fully recovered, and is classified under headings of the statement of financial activities to which it relates:

All costs are allocated to expenditure categories reflecting the use of the resource. Direct costs attributable to a single activity are allocated directly to that activity. Shared costs are apportioned between the activities they contribute to on a reasonable, justifiable and consistent basis.

Investments

Unlisted equity investments are initially recorded at cost, and subsequently measured at fair value. If fair value cannot be reliably measured, assets are measured at cost less impairment.

Listed investments are measured at fair value with changes in fair value being recognised in income or expenditure.

Investment property

Investments are included in the accounts at their market value. Any gains or losses are taken to the Statement of Financial Activities.

Impairment of fixed assets

A review for indicators of impairment is carried out at each reporting date, with the recoverable amount being estimated where such indicators exist. Where the carrying value exceeds the recoverable amount, the asset is impaired accordingly. Prior impairments are also reviewed for possible reversal at each reporting date.

- 14 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

3. Accounting policies (continued)

Financial instruments

A financial asset or a financial liability is recognised only when the entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at the amount receivable or payable including any related transaction costs, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where it is recognised at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument.

Current assets and current liabilities are subsequently measured at the cash or other consideration expected to be paid or received and not discounted.

4. Investment income

Unrestricted Total Funds Unrestricted Total Funds
Funds 2021 Funds 2020
£ £ £ £
Income from investment property 50 50 50 50
Income from listed investments 325,347 325,347 355,910 355,910
Bank interest receivable 114 114 1,088 1,088
-------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------
325,511 325,511 357,048 357,048
================================ ================================ ================================ ================================

5. Expenditure on charitable activities by fund type

Unrestricted Total Funds Unrestricted Total Funds
Funds 2021 Funds 2020
£ £ £ £
Charitable activities 321,000 321,000 354,500 354,500
Support costs 3,119 3,119 3,000 3,000
-------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------
324,119 324,119 357,500 357,500
================================ ================================ ================================ ================================

6. Expenditure on charitable activities by activity type

Activities
undertaken Support Total funds Total fund
directly costs 2021 2020
£ £ £ £
Charitable activities 321,000 321,000 354,500
Governance costs 3,119 3,119 3,000
-------------------------------- ----------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------
321,000 3,119 324,119 357,500
================================ ======================= ================================ ================================

- 15 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

7. Analysis of grants

2021 2020
£ £
Grants to institutions
Alzheimer's Research 10,000 10,000
Amend 30,000 30,000
British Forces Foundation 10,000 10,000
Caritas 15,000 15,000
Challenge 4 Change 5,000 5,000
Children Adventure Farm Trust 20,000 20,500
Christie Hospital 10,000 15,000
Contact 5,000 5,000
Cornerstone 5,000 5,000
Focus Counselling 5,000 12,000
Francis House 15,000 15,000
Guide Dogs for The Blind 10,000 10,000
Lords Taverners 5,000 10,000
Macmillan Cancer Support 15,000 15,000
Manchester Foundation Trust Charity 20,000 25,000
Manchester Mind 10,000 10,000
National Trust Lake District 10,000 15,000
National Youth Orchestra 10,000 10,000
North West Air Ambulance Service 15,000 15,000
Prevent Breast Cancer 10,000 10,000
PSP Association 10,000 10,000
Scope 10,000 10,000
Survivors of Bereavement by Suicide 5,000 5,000
Teenage Cancer Trust 10,000 10,000
Vincentian Volunteers 10,000 9,000
England and Wales Blind Golf 3,000
Maggie's 15,000 20,000
Deafway 5,000
The Prince's Trust 5,000 5,000
St Vincent de Paul Society 5,000 5,000
Brainwave 10,000 10,000
Platform 1 3,000
Lancashire Cricket Foundation 3,000
-------------------------------- --------------------------------
321,000 354,500
-------------------------------- --------------------------------
Total grants 321,000 354,500
================================ ================================

8. Net gains/(losses) on investments

Unrestricted Total Funds Unrestricted Total Funds
Funds 2021 Funds 2020
£ £ £ £
Unrealised gains/ (losses) on
investments 2,016,792 2,016,792 (1,162,833) (1,162,833)
========================================= ========================================= ========================================= =========================================

- 16 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

9. Auditors remuneration

Fees payable for the audit of the financial statements

2021 2020
£ £
2,085 2,000
======================= =======================

10. Staff costs

The total staff costs and employee benefits for the reporting period are analysed as follows:

2021 2020 £ £ Nil Nil

The average head count of employees during the year was Nil (2020: Nil).

No employee received employee benefits of more than £60,000 during the year (2020: Nil).

11. Trustee remuneration and expenses

No remuneration or other benefits from employment with the charity or a related entity were received by the trustees.

12. Investments

Listed Investment
investments property Total
£ £ £
Cost or valuation
At 6 April 2020 7,806,730 15,493 7,822,223
Additions
Fair value movements 2,016,793 2,016,793
----------------------------------------- ---------------------------- -----------------------------------------
At 5 April 2021 9,823,523 15,493 9,839,016
========================================= ============================ =========================================
Impairment
At 6 April 2020 and 5 April 2021
=========================================
Carrying amount
At 5 April 2021 9,823,523 15,493 9,839,016
========================================= ============================ =========================================
At 5 April 2020 7,806,730 15,493 7,822,223
========================================= ============================ =========================================

All investments shown above are held at valuation.

Investment property

Investment property is shown at market valuation based on the trustees' valuation at the year end.

- 17 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

12. Investments (continued)

Financial assets held at fair value

The listed investments are stated at market value based on published stock market value at the year end.

13. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

Accruals and deferred income

2021 2020
£ £
3,120 3,000
======================= =======================

14. Analysis of charitable funds

Unrestricted funds

Unrestricted funds
At Gains and At
6 April 2020 Income Expenditure losses 5 April 2021
£ £ £ £ £
General funds 7,917,763 325,511 (324,119) 2,016,792 9,935,947
========================================= ================================ ================================ ========================================= =========================================
At Gains and At
6 April 2019 Income Expenditure losses 5 April 2020
£ £ £ £ £
General funds 9,081,048 357,048 (357,500) (1,162,833) 7,917,763
========================================= ================================ ================================ ========================================= =========================================

15. Analysis of net assets between funds

Unrestricted Total Funds
Funds 2021
£ £
Investments 9,839,016 9,839,016
Current assets 100,051 100,051
Creditors less than 1 year (3,120) (3,120)
----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Net assets 9,935,947 9,935,947
========================================= =========================================
Unrestricted Total Funds
Funds 2020
£ £
Investments 7,822,223 7,822,223
Current assets 98,540 98,540
Creditors less than 1 year (3,000) (3,000)
----------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Net assets 7,917,763 7,917,763
========================================= =========================================

- 18 -

The Houghton Dunn Charitable Trust

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 5 April 2021

16. Analysis of changes in net debt

At
At 6 Apr 2020 Cash flows 5 Apr 2021
£ £ £
Cash at bank and in hand 98,540 1,511 100,051
============================ ======================= ================================

17. Related parties

There were no related party transactions during the year.

- 19 -