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2021-12-31-accounts

The Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain

Annual Report & Financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021

(print-friendly version)

@theSAHGB, www.sahgb.org.uk 70 Cowcross Street, London, EC1M 6EL Charity No 236432, Company No 810735

INDEX

Welcome statement 03
Reference and
administrative details 04
Report of the
Board of the Trustees 05
Report of the
Examining Accountant 21
Statement of
Financial Activities 22
Statement of
Cash Flows 22
Balance Sheet 23
Notes to Financial
Statements 24

Annual Report & Financial Statements 2021

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Welcome Statement

I write this in a far more optimistic tone than I could possibly muster last year. Thankfully the year 2021 proved to be notably better than its predecessor for most people in Britain. While many were still becoming ill, and dying, because of COVID-19, and while the Society’s activities were seriously restricted due to the pandemic, there were hopeful signs. For example, from Spring 2021 many of us were able to receive a double-dose of injections, followed by a booster shot towards the end of the year.

The Society meanwhile put on a series of excellent events, most of them fully online. Deborah Howard gave us a fascinating overview of her career when she became a new Honorary Patron in March 2021. We are also delighted to have made Sir Donald Insall a Honorary Patron of the Society during the year. A joint event was held in March, with the Society of Architectural Historians, which explored women in the architectural profession from a comparative US-UK perspective. June saw a timely Annual Symposium on architectural history in relation to climate change, co-led by Alex Bremner and Barnabas Calder. There was an excellent talk by Valeria Carullo in September about the RIBA’s 1939 Refugees Committee, followed by a fourpart lecture series, organised by Daniel Stillwell, which looked at Arts and Crafts architecture and discussed its contemporary legacy.

In October our new PhD Scholar, Michael Badu, presented his initial research into the unbuilt design by Adolf Loos for Josephine Baker’s house. Then, on 18th October, we were able to run our first ‘post-COVID’ event, held in a ‘hybrid’ format with some people there in person in an auditorium at the Friends’ House near to Euston: it meant that Lynne Walker was finally able to deliver her much-delayed 2020 Annual Lecture.

Organisationally, the year 2021 was one of substantial change within the Society. At our (online) AGM on 24th November we voted in modernised Articles of Association and a new organisational structure, while also adopting a provisional Manual of Operating Procedures that will be finessed in due course. Prior to the AGM, Max Sternberg from the University of Cambridge took over as the new Honorary Secretary, and this has shown to be a first-rate appointment. At the November AGM, Neil Jackson stood down as the Society’s President and Elizabeth McKellar was voted in unanimously as his successor. Working alongside Neil, Elizabeth started upon refining the choices for a new advisory Council which we believe will be an important addition to the way that the Society operates.

In terms of its more usual business, the Society’s Annual Awards were handed out, we published the bumper-sized 64th volume of Architectural History, and we funded Michael Badu as our new PhD scholar. Membership of the Society continued to grow steadily during 2021, moving ever closer to our target of 1,000 persons. Financially we are as strong as we were before the COVID-19 pandemic. We have also continued to make the principles of Equality, Diversity and Inclusivity central to everything that we do. The Society therefore continues in a robust state, and indeed is now in a very good position to embark upon further changes and improvements. That however will be with a new Chair as my own three-year appointment ends at the next AGM in late-2022, date yet to be confirmed.

Professor Murray Fraser, Chair SAHGB

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Reference & administrative details

The Society, a company limited by guarantee, is registered as a charity with the Charity Commission. The affairs of the Society are governed by its Memorandum and Articles of Association. The liability of each member in the event of the company being wound up is limited to a sum not exceeding £1.

Trustees and Members of the Executive Committee

President Professor Elizabeth McKellar(elected 1 January 2021)
Chair Professor Murray Fraser
Honorary Secretary Dr Maximilian Sternberg
Honorary Treasurer Mr Luca Jellinek(elected 20 October 2020)
Dr Ann-Marie Akehurst
Dr Susan West
Professor Neil Jackson(resigned 1 December 2021)
Mr Luca Jellinek
Professor Elizabeth McKellar(elected 1 January 2021, resigned
10 December 2021)
Dr Anne-Francoise Morel(resigned 29 March 2021)
Dr Neal Shasore(resigned 1 September 2021)
Professor Mark Swenarton(elected 1 January 2021, resigned 10
December 2021)
Dr Maximilian Sternberg(elected 1 July 2021)
Dr Doreen Bernath(elected 1 December 2021)
Dr Barnabas Calder(elected 1 December 2021)
Dr Christine Casey(elected 1 December 2021)
Dr John Cattell(elected 1 December 2021)
Mr George Entwistle(elected 1 December 2021)
Dr Alistair Fair(elected 1 December 2021)
Dr Wendy Fish(elected 1 December 2021)
Ms Tanvir Hasan(elected 1 December 2021)

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Management team

Convenor, Women Dr Elizabeth Darling Architectural Historians Network Co-convenors, Dr Ewan Harrison and Ms Christiane Matt LGBTQIA+ Network Communications Officer Natalie Arrowsmith Technical Officer Irma Delmonte Programmes Officer Dr Stephen Gage Editor of Architectural Prof Mark Swenarton History

Registered Office Independent Examiner 70 Cowcross Street Susan Kowszun BA FCA DChA London EC1M 6EL Harlequin Accounting & Financial Services Limited Bancroft, Mill Road West Chiltington West Sussex RH20 2PZ

Investment Managers Company registration Brewin Dolphin No. 12 Smithfield Street 810735 London EC1A 9BD

Charity registration No. 236432

Report of the Board of the Trustees

The Board of Trustees presents its report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021. The legal and administrative information forms part of this report. The financial statements comply with current statutory requirements, the Memorandum and Articles of Association and the Statement of Recommended Practice - "Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)".

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Objects of the Society

Our mission Knowledge, Advocacy, Dissemination

We are an educational charity dedicated to furthering the knowledge of architectural history through advancing research, education and learning; disseminating that knowledge to public and professional audiences through programming, content production, support and publishing; and advocating for our members and the discipline in heritage, architectural and higher-educational settings.

We strive to demonstrate that a strong discipline of architectural history is a vital strand of the arts and humanities, enriches the promotion and celebration of built heritage and the historic environment for all, and is part of the bedrock of architectural education and practice.

Our vision ‘ All places, All periods, All welcome’

We are focussed on strengthening our position as the leading subject and professional association for architectural history and architectural historians in all their professional contexts, as well as the leading forum for lifelong learning. We want to develop a diverse and sustainable membership that represents the discipline and practice of architectural history.

Our strength must be in our breadth of interest, representing plurality and proactively expanding the scope of the discipline - as the subject association we must find common threads, make connections, and weave them together. We should foster a sense of collective mission and community of shared interest among members, professionals and other special interest organisations in our field. We need to provide more opportunities to network and exchange ideas across sectional interests and national borders, and build skills and create resilience in a difficult and complex professional landscape.

This vision can be summarised clearly as ‘All Places, All Periods, All Welcome.’

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Our purpose Inform, Invigorate, Support

Beyond our ongoing commitment to the support of architectural history for its own sake, our campaigning purpose has two goals. First - to inform and invigorate the preservation of built heritage, so that architectural inheritances are understood, protected, and celebrated in their historical contexts. Secondly - to help build and support architectural history as a fundamental discipline in contemporary architectural education so that historical method and heritage can properly inform contemporary practice.

Our values and principles Inclusive, Representative, Creative

As a small volunteer-led organisation that is spread geographically and has relatively limited resources, we need to have shared values and principles to guide our work and to help bring more diverse people into the fold. We should thus aim to be agile, open and transparent; diverse, inclusive and representative of our different constituencies; and creative in problem-solving, programming, and fostering partnerships with other organisations in our sectors.

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Organisation and Structure

The Society’s constitution is its Articles of Association, as revised and confirmed at the online EGM on 19 October 2022 and then at the online AGM on 24 November 2021. It is governed by the Board of Trustees (BoT). The Chair , who is also a Trustee, can serve for a maximum of three years in that role but they must submit themselves for annual reelection, after initial appointment, for each of their two subsequent years in office. The BoT delegates day-to-day management of the Society’s affairs to the Honorary Secretary (called Chief Executive Officer in the Articles of Association) who leads a Management Team of a number of officers. The President , who will be appointed by the Chair and Trustees serve a maximum of one five-year term. Subcommittees on various facets of the Society’s activities report to the Executive Committee.

Public benefit

In planning the Society’s activities, the Trustees have full regard to the Charity Commission’s guidance on public benefit. Our vision of ‘All Places, All Periods, All Welcome’ reinforces our commitment to accessible and diverse activity. We have an expanded public programme which for 2021 was largely virtually delivered and freely accessible to all. Within the professional programme, our two academic seminars – one co-supported by the Institute of Historical Research and the other co-organised with the Wellcome Collection – are also publicly accessible. We publish news and features on our website which are also freely available. Our awards, grants and scholarships programmes are open to all to apply, and they reward and celebrate research in our discipline and cognate sectors, in many cases publicly funded, which add to the public benefit.

We are committed to Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, and we have convened a number of networks around protected characteristics to develop further outreach and diversity initiatives in the discipline. We actively partner with other charities and not-for-profit organisations, including the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and Institute of

Historical Research (IHR), as well as highereducation institutions.

Any surplus made from any of the Society’s activities forms part of its charitable funds.

Developments, activities & achievements during the year

Board of Trustees

The BoT implemented the Governance Review of the Society which resulted in the ratification of our revised Articles of Association and Manual of Operations at the online AGM in November 2021. In anticipation of its final recommendations to the membership, the Executive Committee resolved to focus more squarely on issues pertaining to trusteeship (fiduciary and financial responsibility for the charity, clarifying policy and setting strategy, monitoring income, expenditure and investments etc). It delegated responsibility for the day-to-day operations of the Society to the Honorary Secretary, who convened a Management Team of Society Officers.

Membership

The support of our members is key to our activities, The Society is immensely grateful for the continuing support, and also welcomes new members who have joined during this period. We are pleased to report a net increase of 64 members between 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2021, growth similar to that seen in the previous year. Though membership dues are requested annually in January, sustained interest in new memberships was evident over 12 months, with the categories for Student and Early Career membership gathering the greatest increases. By 31 December 2021, the membership of the Society reached 984.

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The Society selected a suitable Charity CRM tool in 2021 to help manage its memberships and bookings. This will provide each member with a membership number, which should facilitate an easier renewal process.

An increase in membership fees in all categories was agreed at the AGM in 2021, coming into effect in 2022, as well as the decision to remove the ‘surcharge’ on members joining or renewing from an overseas address.

£40 for Individual membership;

£20 for Student membership; £20 for Young members (under 25); £47 for Joint membership;

£20 for Early Career;

£30 for Retired members;

For the purposes of the charts below, overseas members have been merged. The associated costs in the period December 2020 - December 2021 were:

£37 for Retired Joint membership.

2021 Membership picture

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Membership composition as of December 2021

Total members: 984, of which -

----- Start of picture text -----
Student: 137 Life member: 61
Early Career member: 54
Joint, including Joint
Retired (individual): 216
Retired and Joint Life,
counting 2 persons
covered by each
membership: 92
Standard membership: 419
Other - includes SAHGB
scholarship holders: 4
Young: 1
----- End of picture text -----

Overview of payment methods as of December 2021

----- Start of picture text -----
Life/ Gratis/ Other: 112
Cash/ Cheque /
Standing Order: 19 Website payment: 423
Direct Debit: 430
----- End of picture text -----

The Society welcomes Direct Debit payments, providing a partially completed Instruction form on the website for those wishing to use this method to continue their membership.

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Education

Scholars holding doctoral awards from the Society during 2021 were:

Heather Alcock, University of Liverpool, ‘Beyond the Village: Port Sunlight’s Global Influence’, SAHGB Graham Child Award

George Jepson, The Architectural Association, London, ‘Shining Steel Tempered in the Fire: The Architecture of the Factory, Manchester 1790-1914’, the SAHGB 2020 Award

Fuchsia Hart, University of Oxford, ‘Piety and Politics on Pilgrimage: Shrines in the reign of Fath-‘Ali Shah’, SAHGB one-year award

Kirsty Wright, The University of Oxford, ‘St Stephen’s College and the Palace of Westminster, 1593-1794: Politics, Patronage and Space’, SAHGB HB Allen Award

Elizabeth Deans, The University of York, ‘Architectural albums: educational and professional tools for British architects, 16601749’, SAHGB 2018 Award

Danielle Hewitt, The Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London, ‘Material from demolition: writing transformation through the London County Council War Debris Service’, SAHGB Andrew Lloyd Webber Award

Scholars who completed their doctorates during 2021 were:

Kieran Mahon, ‘Experimental Environments: The Architecture of England’s Progressive Schools, 1914-1939,’ The Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London

The Society funded one part-time PhD scholarship at a rate of £11,554 per annum from September 2021, awarded to:

Michael Badu, London Metropolitan University, ‘Modern Movement Cosmopolitan: The Avant-Garde and Black Subjectivity in the Making of Progressive Practice’

The inaugural MA scholarship, offered as a bursary of £20,000 (over two academic years) was awarded to:

The Society also gave research and publication grants to several individuals in connection with their studies, to assist with archive research and travel, both areas that had been severely affected by the ongoing restrictions around COVID-19.

Journal

Prof Mark Swenarton expanded and renewed membership of the International Advisory Panel. Volume 64 of Architectural History was published featuring for the first time a Special Collection, entitled ‘The New History of the American Renaissance,’ which was guestedited by former SAHGB Scholar Horatio Joyce.

Equality, Diversity and Inclusion

The EDI networks continued to shape the Society’s programming and support its running throughout the year. During LGBTQIA+ History Month, the LGBTQIA+ network hosted a number of themed seminars and members’ talks, such as the panel discussion on Trans Urbanisms convened by Prof Ben Campkin (UCL, The Bartlett). The network also commissioned a number of blog posts on the Society’s website. Similarly, the WAHN commemorated International Women’s Day with a panel discussion on The Advent of Women Architectural Professionals: A US-UK Comparative Perspective. This was co-convened by Dr Elizabeth Darling (WAHN) and Dr Shelley Roff of the SAH’s Women in Architecture Group. The Race and Ethnicity Network ran a blogpost series on the Society’s website.

Network convenors also worked with the Society’s management team in the execution of policy and served on interview panels for Society posts. In September 2021, Christiane Matt (University of York) joined Dr Ewan Harrison as co-convenor of the LGBTQIA+ network. During 2021, the convenor of the Race and Ethnicity Network (Dr Sara Honarmand Ebrahimi, University College Dublin) stepped down, and the Disability network remained without a convenor.

Dawn Carr in 2021 for part-time study at Birmingham City University, thanks to the Arnold Stevenson Bequest.

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Awards

The Awards Ceremony was adapted online, with the Programme successfully receiving nominations and entries and running remotely. The awards for the Alice Davis Hitchcock Medallion, Colvin Medal, ‘Hawksmoor’ Essay Prize, and the Heritage Research Prize, were conferred at a virtually ceremony by the President, Prof Elizabeth McKellar. The December event concluded with a citation in honour of Honorary Patron Sir Donald Insall, by the former President, Prof Neil Jackson.

The Alice Davis Hitchcock Medallion

The Alice Davis Hitchcock Medallion – awarded since 1959 – is given annually to the author of a literary work that provides an outstanding contribution to the study of architectural history. The work must be by a British author (or authors), or deal with an aspect of the architectural history of the British Isles or the Commonwealth. The award is named after the mother of the American architectural historian Henry RussellHitchcock, and the medallion consists of a Wedgwood portrait of James ‘Athenian’ Stuart. It was presented to the Society’s general meeting in 1959.

Following an open nomination process, nominees were invited to submit to a longlist. Longlist submissions comprised a writing sample, supporting statement and letters of endorsement from publishers and peers. From this, the judges decided a shortlist, read the works in their entirety, and then made a final award (with the possibility of further commendations). The judging panel was chaired by Dr Elizabeth Darling, and consisted of: Prof Wendy Pullan (University of Cambridge), Michael Hall (Editor, the Burlington Magazine, winner of the ADH 2015), Prof Christine Casey (University College, Dublin, winner of the ADH 2018), and Dr Tania Sengupta (Bartlett School of Architecture).

24 titles were nominated, with 6 titles shortlisted:

Fabio Barry, Painting In Stone (Yale University Press)

Richard J. Butler, Building the Irish Courthouse and Prison: a political history 1750-1850 (Cork University Press)

Miles Glendinning, Mass Housing - Modern Architecture and State Power, A Global History (Bloomsbury Publishing)

Sugata Ray, Climate Change and the Art of Devotion: Geoaesthetics in the land of Krishna, 1550-1850 (University of Washington Press)

Katherine Weikert, Authority, Gender and Space in the Anglo-Norman world, 900-1200 (Boydell and Brewer)

Sam Wetherell, Foundations: How the Built Environment Made Twentieth-Century Britain (Princeton University Press)

After much discussion, the panel agreed that the 2021 award would be given to two authors. The Alice Davis Hitchcock Medallion was awarded to Fabio Barry and Sugata Ray, chosen for the different and diverse ways in which they challenged what architectural history could and should be.

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The Colvin Prize

The Colvin Prize is awarded annually to the author or authors of an outstanding work of reference that relates to the field of architectural history, broadly conceived. All modes of publication are eligible, including catalogues, gazetteers, digital databases and online resources. It is named in honour of Sir Howard Colvin, a former president of the Society, and one of the most eminent scholars in architectural history of the twentieth century. The prize was inaugurated in 2017; winners receive a commemorative medal designed by contemporary medallist Abigail Burt.

The judging process for the Colvin Prize mirrored that of the Alice Davis Hitchcock Medallion. The judging panel was chaired by Dr Frances Sands (Sir John Soane’s Museum) with Mr Edward Bottoms (Architectural Association); Mr Matthew Bristow (Historic England/ Victoria County History Online); Ms Ashleigh Murray (Donald Insall Associates), and Dr Colin Thom (Survey of London).

There were 10 nominated titles. A shortlist of 5 was taken forward by the judging panel, as follows:

Alec Hamilton, Arts & Crafts Churches (Lund Humphries)

Niall Hobhouse, www.drawingmatter.org (Drawing Matter Trust)

Clare Hartwell, The Buildings of England: Nottinghamshire (Pevsner Architectural Guides) (Yale University Press)

Solomon Zewolde, Adam Walls, Dr. Tania Sengupta, Dr. Catalina Ortiz, Dr. Yasmina Beebeejaun, George Burridge and Dr. Kamna Patel. Supported by: The Bartlett, UCL Faculty of the Built Environment, ‘Race’ and Space: What is ‘race’ doing in a nice field like the built environment?

Elizabeth Darling and Nathaniel Robert Walker (eds), Suffragette City: Women, Politics, and the Built Environment (Routledge)

The Colvin Prize was awarded to Alec Hamilton. The judging panel admired Hamilton’s work greatly, and found it to be a beautifully presented and entertainingly written volume which communicates well to both non-specialist and academic audiences.

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The SAHGB ‘Hawksmoor’ Essay Medal

To encourage new and unpublished entrants to the field of architectural history, the Society’s Essay Medal (popularly known as ‘the Hawksmoor’) is awarded annually to the author of the best essay submitted in competition. The competition is limited to PhD students and early career researchers (defined as within 5 years from graduation of a terminal degree). The judging panel, drawn from the Editorial Board of Architectural History, comprised Mark Swenarton, Shona Kallestrup, Emily Mann, and Barbara Penner.

5 submissions were received on a range of subjects. The ‘Hawksmoor’ Essay Medal was awarded to:

Rosanna Barraclough (University of Cambridge): Architectural identity, patronage and legacy in Joseph Bonomi the Elder’s country houses and estates c.1781-1808

It is anticipated that the essay will appear in Volume 66 of the journal.

Two commendations were awarded to:

Tommaso Zerbi (University of Edinburgh) for ‘ The Making of Italy (through the Ephemeral): The First Italian Parliament between State Building, ‘Risorgimental NeoMedievalism’, and Glorification of the House of Savoy ‘

and

Alborz Dianat (University of Edinburgh) for ‘ The network of a British-European: P. Morton Shand, Modernism’s persona grata ’

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The SAHGB - IHBC Heritage Research Prize

2021 saw the launch of a new award - a joint venture between the societies of the SAHGB and the IHBC (Institute of Historic Building Conservation) - with the aim of recognising and celebrating the quality of architectural-historical research produced by colleagues in heritage and conservation practice, an under-appreciated field.

Six submissions were received, comprising a strong and varied selection, with the research areas given below:

Neil Burton, The Architectural History Practice: Edward Alleyn House, Dulwich

Benjamin Clark and Nicholas Wright, Donald Insall Associates: An Architectural History of the Lord Leycester Hospital, Warwick

David Clark, Oxfordshire Architectural and Heritage Society: Historic Railings in Central Oxford

Elain Harwood, Historic England: Sivill House and the Dorset Estate

Duncan James, Insight: The Buildings of Cradley, for the Victoria County History Project

Beverly Kerr, Purcell: The Estate Buildings of the Mount Stewart Demesne

The SAHGB-IHBC Heritage Research Award was awarded to Benjamin Clark and Nicholas Wright, Donald Insall Associates.

The judging panel also awarded a commendation to David Clark.

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Oral History Project

An Oral History of British Architectural Historians was launched by the SAHGB in 2018. Project aims are three-fold: to document the work of historians of British architecture in all their professional contexts (including higher education, heritage, and those whose interest is independent of their professional background or education); to record the life stories of architectural history practitioners who have worked in Britain and/or who cover subjects related to Britain or its former empire and current commonwealth; and to expand our understanding of the development of British architectural history as a discipline. Shortlisted interviewees are prioritised by age and, where relevant, state of health.

Face-to-face interviews were suspended in 2020 due the restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic and were then resumed in September 2021. In total, fourteen interviews were completed by the end of 2021. The audio and abstracts of all interviews will be deposited with the British Library and will be fully accessible online when the British Library’s new listening platform launches in 2022/23.

Programmes

Despite a second year of challenge and unpredictability, the Society demonstrated resilience, originality, and adaptability in the delivery of its programme of events.

to Visual Representation in Architectural History and ably convened and chaired by our PhD scholars: Danielle Hewitt, Kirsty Wright, George Jepson, and Heather Alcock. This event - that is restricted to students and ECRs - provided them with a forum to test their ideas over a series of sessions with a panel of academics and practitioners through lightning rounds and round table discussions.

Annual Symposium

Architectural History + Climate Emergency was co-convened and chaired by Professor Alex Bremner (Edinburgh), Dr Barnabas Calder (Liverpool), and Dr Savia Palate (Cambridge). Throughout three lively weeks in June, keynote lectures by Professor Janet deLaine (Oxford), Professor Elizabeth McKellar (OU), and Professor Jait-Hwee Chang (Singapore) set the agenda for understanding traditional building practices and materials, and embodied energy that can help inform environmentally sensitive practices. Online programming afforded participants from Australia, New Zealand, South-East Asia, Europe, and America an opportunity forensically to examine the contribution of Architectural History to the most pressing questions of our time. The conference included seven paper sessions and three roundtables that occurred in partnership with Architects Declare, Heritage Declares, Architects Climate Action Network, and the Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland.

Annual Study Tour

Flagship Events

Capitalising on the learning of virtual Programmes of 2020, the Society continued to expand its online audiences while adapting those landmark events the Society has come to expect.

Architectural History Workshop

After a hiatus in 2020, the Society’s graduate student and early career event was dedicated

Due to the ongoing pandemic, the Society did not have a study tour in 2021. Plans for a study tour to Oxford in September 2022 were however developed from late 2021.

Annual Lecture

The pandemic made in-person events difficult to deliver safely, but as restrictions eased, and, like London buses, Annual Lectures came thick and fast during the winter. The Annual Lecture postponed from 2020 was

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finally delivered by Dr Lynne Walker (School of Advanced Studies, University of London) at the Friends’ Meeting House, Euston Road in December 2021 in front of a socially distanced audience and was simultaneously broadcast online. The talk, titled ‘Gender, Methodology and Architectural History: Narrating a Journey’, stressed the pressing need of adding women into architectural history as agents of architectural design and production.

The 2021 Annual Lecture by Prof Christine Stevenson (The Courtauld) was delivered at the Museum of the Home in March 2022, having been postponed from December 2021, in a hybrid format with 36 attendees in person and more than 100 watching online. Titled ‘Telling the Stories of the Great Fire’, the lecture discussed the stories behind London’s Great Fire, its aftermath, and their relevance today.

Member Talks and Events

We continued to explore the possibilities of virtual programming as the pandemic restrictions continued.

Occasionally online programmes were grouped thematically, such as the series convened and chaired by Prof Alan Powers and Milagro Perez that addressed the beauty and problems of post-industrial land use. During the summer, when many of us are accustomed to visit Edinburgh, Dr Giovanna Guidicini showed how sixteenth-and seventeenthcentury Stuart monarchs used the city’s ceremonial spaces, and Dr Elizabeth Darling explored the contribution of the women of all classes to philanthropy and shaping spaces for childcare in the Canongate. Concluding our visit to Scotland, Simon Green, discussed Sir Robert Lorimer and ‘What a A Scotch Gentleman’s Home Ought to be.’

In the autumn, Dr Ann-Marie Akehurst was replaced by Dr Savia Palate as Programmes Officer.

Academic Seminars

The dedicated Architectural History seminar series – co-hosted with the Institute of Historical Research – was again ably convened by Dr Neal Shasore and covered a broad range of topics, including ‘Cosmopolitan Muscat: The Story of an Indian Ocean Port Town’ (Soumyen Bandyopadhyay); ‘The Cloister of Segovia Cathedral: Dislocation, Inheritance, and Critique’ (Costanza Beltrami); ‘Dorothy Morland: Making ICA History’ (Anne Massey); among others.

Dr Ann-Marie Akehurst led an occasional series of research seminars in partnership with the IHR and Wellcome Collections dedicated to Space of Sickness, Health, and Wellbeing that concluded with a round table on ‘Disabling Spaces and Spaces of Disability’.

RIBA/SAHGB Evening Course

This year’s course, titled ‘Housing A History’ was prompted by the ‘Becontree Centenary’; an exhibition at the RIBA marking the hundredth anniversary of the Becontree estate in Dagenham. Heritage and housing experts, architects, and architectural historians were invited to speak in this 4-week evening course about the history of council housing from the early twentieth century, concluding with reflections in regard to the requirements for social housing today.

Communications

The Society continued focussing on improving its member communications, in particular digital communications. The new logo and visual identity adopted in April 2020 is being used throughout our communications, bolstering our professional public appearance.

Officers and Trustees of the organisation collaborate more effectively using a suite of digital tools through a not-for-profit subscription with Google Workspace . The Society continued to communicate with members via monthly member updates.

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Our Magazine The Architectural Historian is published twice a year. The spring issue was edited by Neil Jackson and the autumn issue of 2021 was edited by Cath Slessor but was not finally published until March 2022 due to pandemic-related delays.

The Society continued to develop its new website with much improved functionality and navigability for members and the public.

Operational & financial review

The Society’s financial position is set out in its financial statements. The Executive Committee is grateful for the many generous donations made to the Society over the course of the year. For some years, the Society employed a firm of membership agents to collect subscriptions and maintain membership records, although this responsibility has since been brought inhouse so that it can be managed by the Hon Treasurer and Administrator. In general, the financial situation of the Society seems to be in a healthy position.

may be eligible for reappointment.

No Trustee has any beneficial interest in the Society. All Trustees are members of the Society and guarantee to contribute £1 in the event of winding up.

New Trustees are identified following a review of the skills and experience needed to oversee and develop the Society. In addition to considering the relevant skills that each potential Trustee may bring to the Society, the recruitment process also considers potential conflicts of interest.

Following appointment, new Trustees receive a briefing and induction programme as appropriate, using materials supplied by the Charity Commission and other relevant bodies.

The Society’s governing documents and policies are reviewed regularly to ensure they keep pace with developments in best practice.

Trustees’ responsibilities in the preparation of financial statements

Governance and Management

Staff and volunteers

No staff were employed by the Society up to 2021 but it should be noted that the position of Administrator has qualified for employment status since 2022, as will be reported in more detail next year. For all its other work, the Society is as ever reliant upon volunteers.

During the year none of the Trustees received any payment except the Hon Editor of Architectural History on whom the Executive Committee agreed to confer, as has been custom in previous years, an annual honorarium of £3,000.

Trustees

For the purposes of company law, the list of Trustees shown on page 4 are also the directors of the company. Trustees automatically retire upon completion of their term of office but

The Trustees (who as noted are also directors of the Charity for the purposes of company law) are responsible for preparing the Society’s annual report and financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

The Executive Committee – a body which was then replaced after the 2021 AGM by the newly constituted Board of Trustees – therefore presents this annual report and the financial statement for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Company law requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Charity and of the incoming resources and application of resources, including the income and expenditure, of the Charity for that period.

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In preparing those financial statements, the Trustees are required to:

The Trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Society and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Society and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The Trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information on the Society’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

Risk Management

The Executive Committee has examined the major strategic, business and operational risks which the Society faces and confirms that systems have been established to enable regular reports to be produced so that the necessary steps can be taken to lessen these risks.

Reserves

The Executive Committee’s policy with regard to reserves is to maintain adequate funds to deal with current and medium term needs including approved research grants together with the necessary provision to deal with unforeseen circumstances.

As at 31 December 2021, the Society’s free reserves were £ 391,706 (2020: £393,124). In order to meet unexpected liabilities or appeals for funding, the Trustees believe that the Society should hold easily accessible reserves of between £300,000 and £350,000 and expect the free reserves to be within, or close to, this range.

Going Concern

After making appropriate enquiries, the Trustees have a reasonable expectation that the Society has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.

Investment powers and policy

The Trustees have the investment powers set out in the Memorandum and Articles of Association to invest in any investments, securities or properties, those monies that the Society does not immediately need. Such funds are invested by the Society’s discretionary investment managers, Brewin Dolphin.

Independent examiner

In view of the scale of the Society’s activities and net assets, an independent examination but not an audit of the Financial Statements is required. This examination has been carried out by Sue Kowszun BA FCA DChA.

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19

Statement of disclosure of information to the Independent Examiner

The Trustees at the date of approval of this Trustees’ annual report confirm that, so far as each of them is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Society’s independent examiner is unaware, and the Trustees have taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the independent examiner is aware of that information.

Approved by the Executive Committee on 12 August 2022

And signed on its behalf by:

Dr Maximilian Sternberg Hon. Secretary

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20

Independent examiner’s report to the trustees of the Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain Limited (SAHGB)

I report to the charity trustees of SAHGB on the accounts for the year ended 31st December 2021 set out on pages 22 to 28 in respect of my examination of your charity’s accounts as carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 (‘the 2011 Act’). In carrying out my examination, I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission (under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act.

Responsibilities and basis of report

As the charity’s trustees of the Company (who are also the directors of the company for the purposes of company law), you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 (‘the 2006 Act’).

Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the Company are not required to be audited for this year under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of your charity’s accounts as carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 (‘the 2011 Act’). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5) (b) of the 2011 Act.

Independent examiner’s statement

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no material matters have come to my attention which gives me cause to believe that:

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

Sue Kowszun BA FCA DChA Financial Services Limited Bancroft, Mill Road West Chiltington, West Sussex RH20 2PZ 12 August 2022

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21

Statement of financial activities and Statement of Cash flows

Statement of financial activities
Note		 Restricted
Funds
£
Unrestricted
Funds
£
Total
Funds
2021
£
Total
Funds
2020
£
INCOME
Donations and legacies
2
Income from charitable activities
3
Trading income
Investment income
4
Total income
EXPENDITURE
Costs of raising funds
Expenditure on charitable activities
5
Trading expenditure
Total expenditure
Net expenditure and
movement in funds for the year before gains/
(losses) on investments
Net gains/ (losses) on investments
10
Net income/ (expenditure) and movement in funds
for the year
Reconciliation of funds
Total funds brought forward
Total funds carried forward		 33,023
33,023
45,510
–
-
-
625
–
25,056
25,056
26,023
17,404
12,090
29,494
29,947
17,404
70,169
87,573
102,105
4,058
5,748
9,806
9,750
49,542
95,653
145,195
128,149
–
9,723
9,723
22,180
53,600
111,124
164,724
160,079
(36,196)
(40,955)
(77,151)
(57,974)
56,921
39,537
96,458
(18,403)
20,725
(1,418)
19,307
(76,377)
566,055
393,124
959,129
1,035,506
586,730
391,706
978,436
959,129

The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses in the year. All incoming resources and resources expended derive from continuing activities.

Statement of Cash flows
Notes		 Restricted
Funds
£
Unrestricted
Funds
£
Total
Funds
2021
£
Total
Funds
2020
£
Cash flows
Net cash used in operating activities
9
Interest from investments
Transferred (to)/ from Investments
Change in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at start of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year		 (53,600)
(31,603)
(85,203)
(43,366)
17,404
12,090
29,494
29,947
36,196
(30,737)
5,459
42,497
-
(50,250)
(50,250)
29,078
–
125,350
125,350
96,272
-
75,100
75,100
125,350

The accompanying accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

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Balance Sheet

Balance Sheet
Notes		 2021
£
2020
£
Fixed Assets
Investments
10
Current Assets
Stock
Debtors and prepayments
11
Cash at bank
Creditors: amounts due within one year
12
Net current assets
Net assets
13
Funds of the Society
Unrestricted funds
Restricted funds
Total funds
14		 1
5,302
75,100		 923,587
1
22,059
125,350
147,410
111,868
35,542
1,014,586
80,403
116,553
(36,150)
978,436
959,129

393,124
566,005
391,706
586,730
978,436 959,129

For the year ended 31 December 2021 the Society was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

Trustees’ responsibilities:

The Trustees have not required the Society to obtain an audit of its accounts for the year in question in accordance with section 476 of the Companies Act 2006.

The Trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Act with respect to accounting records and for the preparation of financial statements. The accompanying accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

These unaudited financial statements have been subject to independent examination. See report on page 21.

Signed on behalf of the Executive Committee, 12 August 2022

Luca Jellinek Honorary Treasurer

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23

Notes to the Financial Statements

1) ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparation

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modified by the inclusion of fixed asset investments at market value, and they have been prepared in accordance with the ‘Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)’. They also comply with the Charities Act 2011 and the Companies Act 2006.

Support costs include central functions and have been allocated to activity cost categories consistent with the use of these resources.

Governance costs include all costs relating to compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.

Bursaries payable are included as liabilities once the Society has irrevocably committed itself to the award.

Fixed Asset Investments

Investments held as fixed assets are revalued at market value at the balance sheet date and both realised and unrealised gains and losses are taken to the SOFA.

Stock

The Society meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102.

These unaudited financial statements have been subjected to independent examination. See report on page 21.

The principal accounting policies of the Society have remained unchanged from the previous year and are set out below.

Going Concern

The financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis.

Income

Incoming resources are included gross, without netting off any related expenditure.

Incoming resources, including legacies, are generally recognised when the Society becomes entitled to the resources, when receipt is virtually certain and when the monetary amount can be measured with sufficient reliability. Specific policies relating to the Society’s particular income sources are as follows:

Expenditure

Stock comprises copies of the Society’s publications and is included at the lower of cost and net realisable value with due provision made for obsolete and slow moving items.

Fund Structure

Unrestricted funds are those funds available for use at the discretion of the Trustees in furtherance of the general objectives of the Society.

Restricted funds may only be utilised in accordance with the wishes of the donor.

Designated funds are unrestricted funds earmarked by the Trustees for particular purposes.

Taxation

No provision for taxation, deferred or otherwise, has been made in the financial statements of the Society, as it is a charity in accordance with the Charities Act 2011 and is exempt from taxation except for value added tax (VAT), provided that income and gains are applied for charitable purposes under s505 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 and s252 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992. VAT is included in the cost of those items to which it relates.

Foreign currencies

Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities are retranslated at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. All differences are taken to the SOFA.

Liabilities are included once the Society is under a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic resources.

Costs of charitable activities include those costs directly attributable to activities undertaken in pursuit of the Society’s objects.

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24

2)DONATIONS AND LEGACIES Unrestricted
Funds
2021
£
Total
Funds
2021
£
Total
Funds
2020
£
Legacies
Subscriptions
Gifts and donations		 2,500
2,500
-
15,112
15,112
26,559
15,411
15,411
18,951
33,023
33,023
45,510
3)INCOME FROM CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES
Events		 Total
2021
£
Total
2020
£
-
625
4)INVESTMENT INCOME
Restricted
Funds
£
Unrestricted
Funds
£
Total
Funds
2021
£
Total
Funds
2020
£
Interest income
Dividend income		 147
103
250
487
17,257
11,987
29,244
29,460
17,404
12,090
29,494
29,947

All investment income in the prior year was unrestricted except for £18,273 which was restricted.

5)EXPENDITURE ON CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES Study Days/
Conferences
£
Support for
Research
£
Total
2021
£
Total
2020
£
Printing & distribution of journals & newsletters
Events:
Study tour
Annual lecture
Symposium
Other events
Activities undertaken directly
Bursaries awarded
Support costs - (see note 6)
Governance costs - (see note 7)
Total charitable activities		 –
21,187
21,187
21,250
-
–
-
1,000
1,644
–
1,644
113
-
-
-
50
2,797
-
2,797
2,530
4,441
21,187
25,628
24,943
–
98,690
98,690
91,184
–
13,648
13,648
11,165
–
7,229
7,229
857
4,441
140,754
145,195
128,149

Bursaries are awarded in accordance with the Society’s objects of furthering the study and advancing the knowledge of the history and development of architecture. All bursaries awarded during the year were made to individuals and relate to research undertaken in architectural history.

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6)SUPPORT COSTS 2021
£
2020
£
Accountancy and taxation - (see note 5)
Bank charges - (see note 5)
Administration - (see note 5)		 1,200
1,200
309
408
12,139
9,557
13,648
11,165
7)GOVERNANCE COSTS
2021
£
2020
£
Independent examination fee - (see note 5)
Legal fees and compliance - (see note 5)
Committee expenditure - (see note 5)		 300
300
6,548
523
381
34
7,229
857

8) TRUSTEES REMUNERATION AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Society had no employees during 2021 (2020: Nil), though an employee was subsequently hired in 2022. One of the Trustees, Professor Swenarton received remuneration of £3,000 for his contribution to the journal Architectural History during the year (2020: the following Trustees received remuneration for their contribution to the journal Architectural History: Dr Gerbino £3,000, Dr Holder £493, Professor Swenarton £3,000). Three Trustees (2020: Two) were reimbursed travel expenses and administration costs to a total of £746 during the year (2020: £1,660). The only other related party who had a personal interest in a transaction entered into by the Society during the year was the former Honorary Secretary Neal Shasore, who received a publication grant for £1,995 (2020: Nil).

At the end of the year £19 was due from SAHGB Publications Limited (2020: £19)

9)RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME/ (EXPENDITURE) TO
NET CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES		 Restricted
Funds
£
Unrestricted
Funds
£
Total
Funds
2021
£
Total
Funds
2020
£
Net income/ (expenditure) per statement
of financial activities
Adjustments for:
(Gains)/Losses on investments
Interest from investments
Decrease in debtors
Increase in creditors
Net cash used in operating activities		 20,725
(1,418)
19,307
(76,377)
(56,921)
(39,537)
(96,458)
18,403
(17,404)
(12,090)
(29,494)
(29,947)
-
16,757
16,757
25,031
-
4,685
4,685
19,524
(53,600)
(31,603)
(85,203)
(43,366)

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----- Start of picture text -----
10) INVESTMENTS Restricted Unrestricted Funds Total Funds Total
Funds Funds 2021 2020
£ £ £ £
Managed portfolio of investments
Market value of managed portfolio 1 January 566,005 357,582 923,587 984,517
Transfers and charges (36,196) 30,736 (5,460) (42,528)
Realised/ unrealised gains/ (losses) 56,921 39,537 96,458 (18,403)
Market value of managed portfolio 31 December 586,730 427,855 1,014,585 923,586
Shares in SAHGB Publications Ltd - 1 1 1
586,730 427,856 1,014,586 923,587
Investments at market value comprises:
Equities 337,058 245,789 582,847 553,648
Fixed interest securities & alternative 238,051 173,592 411,643 356,548
investments
Cash held within the investment portfolio 11,621 8,474 20,095 13,390
586,730 427,855 1,014,585 923,586
Assets in the UK 374,430 273,042 647,472 429,206
Assets outside the UK 212,300 154,813 367,113 494,380
586,730 427,855 1,014,585 923,586
11) DEBTORS AND PREPAYMENTS Unrestricted
Funds 2021 2020
£ £ £
Tax receivable on gift-aided receipts 1,855 1,855 4,088
Amounts receivable from subsidiary 19 19 19
Prepayments and accrued income 3,428 3,428 17,952
5,302 5,302 22,059
12) CREDITORS: Unrestricted Funds 2021 2020
amounting falling due within one year £ £ £
Creditors 1,163 1,163 -
Accruals and deferred income 36,523 36,523 25,804
Bursaries and awards 78,867 78,867 86,064
116,553 116,553 111,868
13) ANALYSIS OF NET ASSETS BETWEEN FUNDS RestrictedFunds Unrestricted Funds 2021 2020
£ £ £ £
Cash at bank - 75,100 75,100 125,350
Other net assets - (111,250) (111,250) (89,808)
Investments 586,730 427,856 1,014,586 923,587
Net assets 586,730 391,706 978,436 959,129
----- End of picture text -----

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14)MOVEMENT IN FUNDS
Unrestricted funds:
General funds
Restricted funds:
Jonathan Vickers fund
Annabel Ricketts memorial fund
James Morris fund
Andrew Lloyd Webber fund
Graham Child fund
Thriplow Charitable Trust fund
H B Allen Charitable Trust fund
Arnold Stevenson fund
Total funds		 01 Jan
2021
£
Incoming
£
Outgoing
£
Net Gains
£
31 Dec
2021
£
393,124
70,169
(111,124)
39,537
391,706
72,092
2,217
(18,211)
7,250
63,348
22,027
677
(1,427)
2,215
23,492
4,796
147
(34)
482
5,391
12,747
392
(771)
1,282
13,650
11,579
356
(4,538)
1,164
8,561
1
-
(1)
-
-
16,691
513
(6,461)
1,679
12,422
426,072
13,102
(22,157)
42,849
459,866
566,005
17,404
(53,600)
56,921
586,730
959,129
87,573
(164,724)
96,458
978,436

Jonathan Vickers fund

This fund (set up in the name of, and with a substantial donation from the estate of, a late member) is being used specifically to support postgraduate students of architectural history for the duration of their PhD study periods.

Thriplow Charitable Trust fund

Donated to assist with the on-going support of PhD scholarships.

H B Allen Charitable Trust fund

This grant was awarded to fund a PhD scholarship in Heritage Buildings.

Annabel Ricketts Memorial fund

This fund, set up in memory of Annabel Ricketts, is used to support postgraduate students and other persons in their architectural research.

Arnold Hayward Stevenson fund

Income from this fund (set up in the name of, and with a substantial donation from the estate of, a late member) is to be used to fund educational bursaries.

James Morris fund

This fund had in previous years been used to provide an annual essay prize in memory of the donor’s grandfather, James Morris, who was a partner of Sir Herbert Baker in Cape Town. No award was made in 2021 because it had been agreed to discontinue the prize altogether. Along with the donor, we will review the allocation of the remaining funds dedicated to this prize.

Andrew Lloyd Webber fund

This fund is to help further PhD scholarships.

Graham Child fund

This fund was set up from a donation of a member to help one new PhD scholarship.

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15) COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE

The Society is a company limited by guarantee and as such does not have any share capital. The Trustees, who are also the members, have each agreed to contribute £1 in the event of a winding up.

16) CONTROL

In the opinion of the Trustees there is no single controlling party of the Society.

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29

@theSAHGB, www.sahgb.org.uk 70 Cowcross Street, London, EC1M 6EL Charity No 236432, Company No 810735 Design by Maria Ilia Kastrouni