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2024-07-31-accounts

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Report to the Members of the Board of Trustees

1. Constitution and Organisation

The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) was formally inaugurated on 22 April 1898 and incorporated on 30 January 1905 as the Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. LSTM was registered as a charity on 11 October 1963. LSTM is a company limited by guarantee and holds no share capital and is governed by a Board of Trustees.

The Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine changed its name on 30 November 1992 to Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.

The Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, by an Order of Parliament, under section 129 of the Education Reform Act 1988, designated LSTM as a Higher Education Institute (HEI) on 19 July 2013. LSTM receives direct funding from the Office for Students (OfS) and UK Research and Innovation (including Research England).

2. Memorandum of Association

LSTM’s Memorandum and Articles of Association was previously amended by special resolution and adopted at the AGM on 24 November 2017. Additional amendments were approved at the Board of Trustees on 25 July 2024 for approval at the AGM on 10 December 2024. Its main objects are:

To engage in, promote and encourage research, study and instruction in connection with the origin, character, alleviation, prevention and cure of every or any type of tropical disease which is now or may hereafter become known in any part of the world where such disease either manifests itself or has effects; and to advance and encourage learning and the practice of all sciences and arts allied with or which may be usefully studied in connection with the matters aforesaid, and to collect and circulate information with regard to such diseases, sciences and arts.

3. Statement of Public Benefit

LSTM is a registered charity subject to regulation by the OfS and the Charity Commission under the Charities Act 2016. LSTM reports annually on the ways in which it has delivered charitable purposes for public benefit.

The Board of Trustees, in reviewing LSTM’s activities in this regard, has taken into account the Charity Commission’s guidance on public benefit. The Board is satisfied that the activities of LSTM as described in these Reports and Financial Statements, and detailed in the Annual Report, fully meet the public benefit requirements.

4. Vision and Mission

VISION: Healthy lives across the world.

MISSION: Improving health outcomes in disadvantaged populations globally through partnership in research and education.

5. Objectives

The year ended 31 July 2024 is the first year of the new LSTM strategic plan which spans 2023-2028. Throughout this year our focus has been on embedding the new strategic objectives and developing enabling strategies and operational delivery plans.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

The new strategy is anchored around our four core pillars of Research, Education, Partnerships and Investing in our Future, which are supported by five enabling strategies; Digital, Estates, External Relations, Finance and People.

Our new Strategy was co-created with staff and has been developed to allow us to remain responsive to the external environment while continuing to deliver against our core mission and achieve our vision for ‘ Healthy Lives across the world’.

These four core strategies build on our work to date and have guided our activities and objectives in this year; they will remain a key focus as we move into the next, and subsequent, periods.

Our priorities – 2023-28 Strategic Plan

Our core strategies are expanded into a number of priorities which are the focus of our activities throughout this strategic cycle. We will:

  1. In Research:

  2. a. Generate high-quality, impactful multi-disciplinary research that is relevant and of benefit to global society, both now and in the future

  3. b. Focus our innovation portfolio on the discovery, development and deployment of new solutions to improve global population health and wellbeing

  4. c. Communicate and share the findings of our research locally, nationally and internationally, with a focus on high impact knowledge exchange

  5. d. Create an environment that attracts and supports the brightest and best minds in multi-disciplinary global health research

2. In Education:

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

LSTM Executive undertakes regular monitoring and evaluation of the strategy, objectives and progress towards delivery, under the oversight of the Board of Trustees.

Operating and Financial Review

6. The Nature, Objectives and Strategies of the Charity

LSTM is a UK-headquartered Higher Education Institution, internationally recognised as a world leader in healthrelated scientific research and a specialist in postgraduate education and teaching. Our core mission is to improve health outcomes in disadvantaged populations globally, through partnership in research and education.

Working in partnership in over 70 countries, our multi-disciplinary approach sees researchers, scientists, clinicians and educators engaging with communities in the UK and internationally, undertaking cutting-edge research and translating findings into clinical practice and global policy. Our work, often with industry, is continuing to deliver the next generation of products to address some of the most challenging diseases.

We are also focused on developing the global health leaders, scientists and researchers of the future and are highly regarded as a leader in this field through our educational programmes.

We are committed to supporting capacity strengthening and true equity in our partnerships to deliver resilient health systems where they are most needed; leveraging our longstanding international relationships with civil society, NGOs, charities and others, for the benefit of those most in need.

Our strong position at the heart of the Liverpool City Region within the internationally recognised Life Sciences economy plays a critical role in our work. We will nurture and further strengthen our multi-sectoral partnerships with a wide range of organisations including the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority, Liverpool Strategic Partnership, the Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Knowledge Quarter, and other academic institutions, charities, NGOs and government.

In the last year, as we have sought to balance the impact of continued external challenges, including a new UK Government, widespread global political instability and conflicts, and the growing impacts of climate change, we have continued to invest in transforming our core activities, our people and our operations.

Like all Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) we have seen an increasingly competitive research funding landscape and challenging international student recruitment environment, although we have been able to mitigate well against these external challenges to date.

Thanks to a number of infrastructure grants received in recent years, we have seen significant capital development work begin in Liverpool, with construction of the new 12-bed academic in-patient human challenge facility (which will be the largest academic facility in the UK), alongside the redevelopment of our Mary Kingsley building to create new dedicated student learning spaces. Both projects will be opened in the coming year. We’ve also seen the realisation of a major partnership infrastructure project this year with the official opening of the new CREATOR building in Malawi as part of our longstanding partnership with Malawi Liverpool Wellcome programme (MLW).

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

We have also seen significant transformation in our core systems, such as our new Finance system which was fully deployed to Liverpool-based teams in this year. Work to introduce a new research information system also progressed well with a new integrated system procured. We remain focused on underpinning our activities with effective and efficient operations which will continue to be a priority in the next period.

In the last year, we have welcomed a number of academic strategic appointments to further strengthen our academic, scientific, research and education portfolios, including a new Deputy Vice Chancellor, and made significant progress on the continued transformation of LSTM’s Professional Services with the appointment of LSTM’s first Chief Operating Officer. Further senior recruitment is underway as week seek to transform our professional service models and organisational structures.

We continue to develop our network of Partnership Hubs in Africa to expand scientific capability and capacity among the global community. In this year we have seen the new Global Hubs Council launched which is a significant step towards our aim of increasing partner representation, diversity and voice in LSTM’s decision making. We have also formally endorsed the consensus statement on measures to promote equitable authorship in research publications, recognising the important role we play in driving more equitable approaches. Our commitment to gender equality has been recognised with a silver Athena Swan award and while we have much more work to do in this area we are proud of the progress made to date.

Building a truly inclusive and diverse culture also remains a core priority for LSTM. As we end our 125[th] anniversary year we have done much to acknowledge our history and have made progress towards becoming an actively anti-racist organisation. We have continued to undertake work in this year to address the issues identified in the 2021 Race Equity Review, moving to the next phase of delivery of our Race Equity Action Plan and preparing for a submission to the Race Equality Charter. While we have achieved progress towards our objectives, we recognise that we have more work to do in this area.

We continue to work on our role in safeguarding and protecting beneficiaries, research participants, patients and communities. We endorse and support the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, (UN, 1948); the UN Convention on the Rights of The Child (UNICEF, 1989); the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women (UN 1993) and the UN Global Compact (UN, 1997).

7. Financial Performance

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

The full scope of principal risks is monitored and mitigated within the institution’s risk register and include measured and mitigated risk around sources of income, particularly : Financial growth targets, student numbers/income, grant income and cost recovery and over dependency on specific funders/major clients.

Other key financial risks include the following:

Inflationary pressures : Regarding research grants, grants continue to be reviewed for any inflationary risks and no significant exposures have been identified. Inflationary increases are built into grant application where possible. The other area of concern is the rise in energy prices, but in mitigation,

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

energy saving measures are being pursued, alongside continued membership of TEC, the industry’s energy consortium.

Sensitivity analysis shows that a reduction of 20% on the turnover from major funders has little effect on the bottom line of LSTM if sensibly managed due to a related reduction in expenses. However, any significant change in funding policy from LSTM’s major donors could have a major effect in the longer term.

Financial Performance in the year

LSTM Group has reported total comprehensive income of £25.0m (2023 : £7.8m surplus). This includes the full release of the £20.1m USS pension provision.

These financial statements report the results of LSTM and the Group’s activities for the year ended 31 July 2024 and have been produced in accordance with the Statement of Recommended Practice: Accounting for Further and Higher Education 2019 (2019 SORP) and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standards (FRS102). The results for the year include a number of accounting entries which influence the final Group comprehensive income of £25.0m in 2023/24. Stripping out these items, LSTM made underlying comprehensive income of £2.1m in the year, and the Group £2.8m, as shown in the table below.

£2.1m in the year, and the Group £2.8m, as shown in the table below.
LSTM Group
£’000 £’000
Total comprehensive income for theyear 24,309 25,024
USSpension deficit fundingcredit (20,065) (20,065)
Movements on investments and endowments (2,555) (2,555)
Unrealised exchange loss in relation to hedged currencies 381 362
Revised comprehensive income for theyear 2,070 2,766

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Income

LSTM’s reported Group income decreased by 17% in the year but excluding gift in kind income (which decreased by 50%) Group income decreased by 15%. LSTM income excluding gift in kind income decreased by 10%, although funding body grants increased by 6%. IVCC income fell in the year, reflecting the anticipated end of the very successful UNITAID programme.

----- Start of picture text -----
LSTM Income excluding gifts in kind (£'000)
2023/24
2022/23
2021/22
2020/21
2019/20
0 20 40 60 80 100
IVCC Income (£'000)
2023/24
2022/23
2021/22
2020/21
2019/20
0 20 40 60 80 100
----- End of picture text -----

2023/24 group income

----- Start of picture text -----
Funding body grants (18%)
Tuition fees & education contracts (2%)
Research grants and contracts (66%)
Other income (12%)
Investment income (2%)
Donations & endowment income (0%)
----- End of picture text -----

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Operating expenditure

Capital expenditure

In 2023/24 LLSA Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of LSTM, started to redevelop the ground floor of the Liverpool Life Science Accelerator building into a human challenge facility (HCF) which will open up considerable opportunities for further collaboration with industry and the NHS. This development will be completed early in 2025 at a cost of £7m.

Other capital investment expenditure for the year was £2.9m (2023: £3.5m). This Included £1m investment in a new finance system which will transform financial services across the LSTM Group. The remaining balance was spent on a variety of smaller building and IT projects and research equipment.

LSTM is currently investing in several large building projects – in Liverpool, in addition to the start of the HCF development above, work continues on the next development of Education space with renovations to the Mary Kingsley building at a cost of £6.2m.

In Malawi, practical completion of the Creator building is imminent with full handover of the building due in January 2025. LSTM is working in partnership with Wellcome Trust and the University of Liverpool to fund and develop this new facility which will be owned locally and managed and operated by the Malawi Liverpool Wellcome partnership (MLW) under a long lease.

These investments have been funded through capital grants from Research England, OfS, the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority and internal LSTM funding.

Cash flow, financing and balance sheet

During the year LSTM generated net cash outflows from operating activities of £12.8m (2023: £17.3m inflow). These net outflows reflect a reported surplus of £24.3m offset by non-cash adjustments including a net increase in working capital and the impact of releasing the £20.1m USS pension provision.

The net overall change in cash for LSTM for the year was an outflow of £10.5m (2023: £0.1m outflow).

Group net cash outflows from operating activities was £7.2m (2023: £15.7m inflow) and reflect the same items as for LSTM.

The net overall change in cash for the year for the Group was an outflow of £20.2m (2023: £4.0m outflow).

Group Cash and cash equivalents at the year end were £19.9m, representing 2.4 months of total operating expenditure (excluding pension provision movement, depreciation and gifts in kind expense). A proportion of this cash represents research project working capital and is therefore not available for operational or capital investment purposes. There are also money market investments with maturity under 1 year and investments currently held for the longer term on the balance sheet.

Total Group net assets increased by £25.0m from £55.7m to £80.7m, mainly reflecting the release of the £20.1m USS pension provision.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Group Key Performance Indicators

To measure performance and progress against the 5 year strategic plan LSTM uses a range of key performance indicators (KPIs), some of which are also part of LSTM’s statutory reporting to Office for Students (OfS).

Underlying operating surplus/(deficit) in the year

£'000 2023/24 2022/23 2021/22 2020/21 2019/20
Underlying operating
surplus/(deficit)		 2,766 6,921 6,453 4,351 (428)

LSTM monitors the underlying operating surplus or deficit after excluding a number of accounting entries. With the exception of 2019/20, which was impacted by the COVID pandemic, LSTM has achieved a healthy level of surplus each year. 2023/24 has been a year of investing in infrastructure, staffing and overall capacity resulting in a lower surplus than recent years. This was expected and will continue into 2024/25 before increasing again.

Overall financial health

% 2023/24 2022/23 2021/22 2020/21 2019/20
General reserves as a % of income
(excluding gifts in kind & pension
provision)		 40.2% 31.8% 27.0% 27.7% 27.8%

Excluding the distorting effects of pension provision movements and gifts in kind, general reserves have remained strong over the last few years, under-pinned by a steady growth in overall net assets.

Research income trends

**£'m/% ** 2023/24 2022/23 2021/22 2020/21 2019/20
Research & consultancy income
£'m (excluding gifts in kind)		 89.5 110.4 120.1 106.2 96.9
% change -18.9% -8.0% 13.1% 9.6% -3.9%

The reduction of group income reflects a number of factors.

During COVID, fewer grant applications were submitted causing the research pipeline to fall. It typically can take 2-3 years for grant submissions to influence the pipeline volume. At the same time, existing grants had no-cost extensions which had the effect of spreading the same income over a longer time period of time.

Another longer-term trend is the length of time it is taking contracting with funders. This has increased significantly over the past few years, causing delays to the start of research activity.

In IVCC, the drop in income was caused by a deliberate slowing down of activity, pending the outcome of several large grant application renewals with BMGF and FCDO. Linked to this was the completion of a large UNITAID funded programme, which came to a successful conclusion in 2023.

The expected drop in income is predicted to reverse during 2024/25, with a 20% increase forecasted. The current research applications pipeline is at the highest level ever seen and many of these will convert in to live research grants over the next 12 months.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

8. Student Numbers

LSTM student retention, as monitored by OfS, was above threshold expectations in 2023/24. In the year 2023/24, 91 students were enrolled into Master’s programmes, compared to 93 the previous year. We have seen increased interest from Science-based undergraduate students in our lab-based Masters programmes in the 2023/24 cycle. Stronger performance in our clinical Masters can be largely attributed to more Chevening and Commonwealth students than previous years.

Professional Diploma recruitment was once again impacted by NHS strikes. 108 students joined diploma courses in 2023/24, down from 138 the previous year. 39 students were recruited into Postgraduate Research programmes, compared to 48 the previous year. In 2022/23, PGR programmes benefitted from a double-intake of students via the MRC DTP programme, due to parallel recruitment to the ‘DTP1’ and ‘DTP2’ awards. PGR recruitment in 2023/24 exceeded forecast. LSTM recently received confirmation that it’s MRC DTP award has been extended for a further two student intakes. We continue to experience healthy growth and interest in our recently relaunched ‘PhD by Prior Publication’ programme route.

9. Curriculum Developments

The 2023-24 academic year was the second year of the redesigned on-campus programme curriculum structure and repeat run of new modules and saw a period of stability as the new structure bedded in. This stability was reflected in positive feedback across the module evaluation questionnaires & rise to a ranking of 2nd nationally in the Postgraduate Taught Experience Survey, 2024, a rise of two places above an impressive 6[th] in 2023.

In response to feedback from External Examiners and students regarding over-assessment, we engaged with module teams to review and refine the assessment strategies across our programmes. This review, as part of the annual monitoring review, has led to a significant reduction in the number of assessment tasks required for each module. Modules now have only one or two assessment tasks and make use of marking rubrics and assessment briefs.

For Global Health, our flagship distance learning, we revised the curriculum structure in response to student feedback about the challenges about the heavy time demands and difficulty in completing course-related work. To address this, we have reduced content and introduced a two-week consolidation period midway through each distance learning module. This period allows students to reflect on their learning up to that point in the module and prepare for the second half of the module.

The year also saw significant developments to push forward the focus on short courses and professional education. The year represented a building phase to get the foundations in place for a significant push for 20242025. This included establishing a core Short Courses team, a tiered quality approval process to allow rapid approval of simple courses through to full validation of larger credit-bearing courses, a costing framework to inform fee-setting, and a dedicated section on the Education Sharepoint site designed to ease the process of proposing ideas for staff. These foundations should provide a robust platform to enable rapid expansion of this area in the coming years.

In terms of new courses, planning and development of a new One Health programme started for a 2025/26 launch as well as new partnerships at undergraduate level with University of Liverpool for Politics and Edge Hill University for Bio-science.

Immersive Learning

The last 12 months has seen 5 new immersive learning opportunities being developed and delivered across 4 different programmes. These included roleplaying simulations, interactive walkthroughs, lab tours and hands-

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

on applications. A pilot project was also produced in collaboration with University of Liverpool, allowing students to experience an immersive scenario whilst studying at a distance.

Initial feedback from students on their experience with immersive learning was very positive. Looking ahead, we aim to further expand our immersive learning offerings across other programmes and develop partnerships with Edge Hill, Liverpool Hope and John Moores Universities.

10. Staff and Student Involvement

The 2023/24 year continued to see students play an integral role in shaping the educational fabric and experience. As a result of student feedback, we have enhanced our approach to induction on-campus, to better support international students’ transition; we have embedded Student Social Reps to help develop a stronger sense of student community, guide extra-curricular and social activity, and ensure the social spaces designed into Pembroke House are optimised.

A new Student Experience and Wellbeing team was created in the Faculty of Education to ensure the student voice plays a central role in shaping developments. This includes a newly appointed Student Academic Support Officer playing a key role who for the first time conducted a full synthesised analysis across all student feedback. This feedback is leading to direct enhancements in the curriculum for 2024/25, with a reduction in teaching intensity modelled in as a response to clear feedback that workload and timetabling intensity were causing students stress.

LSTM performed very impressively in the national Postgraduate Taught Experience Survey (PTES), with a strong response rate of 57.5% against a sector average of 24.7%. We ranked 2[nd] out of 107 institutions for overall satisfaction, with 94% satisfied compared to 84% nationally), and ranked 1[st] among overseas students and those aged 30 and under. The areas we performed best in were students’ views that the course enhanced their academic ability (98% agreement against a sector 88%), and satisfaction with supervisor feedback on the dissertation (96% compared to 84% nationally).

During the 2023/24 year, PGR students continued to lead on shaping the fabric and feel of the doctoral student experience at LSTM. With the guidance and support of our recently appointed Student Academic Support Officer, a group of student representatives facilitate regular student focus groups. Insights provided via this mechanism have ensured that we invest into training in a way that is aligned directly to student need, evident in student involvement in planning LSTM’s annual PGR Student Conference, a flagship activity in our PGR calendar.

As per the recent Postgraduate Research Experience Survey (PRES), we observed a 6% increase in overall satisfaction (81% in 2023/24 compared to 75% in 2022/23) and rank highly in several key areas including ‘Research Culture’ (2[nd] nationally), and ‘Professional Development’ (3[rd] nationally). While there is some improvement to be made with regard to activities such as induction, it is pleasing to see that enhancement in this area in 2023/24 has resulted in stronger satisfaction amongst students earlier in their programmes, who have been able to benefit most directly.

The Faculty of Education continued to facilitate wider engagement across LSTM to progress Education-related strategic goals. Education now has a prominent role in Career Track onboarding and early engagement to agree contributions and priorities. A senior Education presence at department meetings and forums continued along with a visit to CeSSHAR.

11. Fundraising

Context

During the financial year of 2023/24 LSTM continued its fundraising efforts around its 125th Anniversary. This has included working closely with our 125 Anniversary Campaign Board (a small group of volunteers who lend

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

their expertise and advice to our fundraising efforts), continuing to identify and nurture relationships with potential donors, and building affinity amongst our alumni community. In addition, this year brought to a close our partnership as ‘Charity of the Year’ with the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce.

Approach to fundraising

This year we have taken time to refocus and refresh our approach to fundraising to align with LSTM’s institutional strategy. Our renewed approach to philanthropy and alumni engagement is built around 5 overarching strategic pillars to best enable us to deliver a sustainable fundraising model.

Brand, profile and reputation

We work to continue supporting the LSTM brand, profile and reputation by refreshing our fundraising narrative, hosting cultivation events that introduce new audiences and funders to our work, and harnessing our LSTM champions to best advocate amongst their networks.

Pipeline and income generation

We are diversifying our pipeline of donors and focusing more robustly on building meaningful relationships. Philanthropic income is always dependent on a number of factors, we look to introduce consistent ways of driving our income so that we can identify where growth will come from.

Alumni and community engagement

We work with our alumni as advocates, volunteers and as role models to support student recruitment and student success. While not all alumni who ‘engage’ with communications, events or volunteering opportunities go on to become donors, by building greater affinity, pride and awareness of philanthropy, we can help to strengthen our supporter/advocate community.

Donor Stewardship

We look to define and demonstrate the impact of giving to LSTM to help build trust and affinity with our donors. In addition, we are working to build a sense of community amongst our donors to demonstrate the impact of collective generosity at all levels.

Operational excellence

We are refining our approach to effective systems, processes, reporting and governance to enable enhanced data-informed approaches, prioritisation and high levels of compliancy with legal and regulatory guidelines and in line with fundraising best practices.

Work with, and oversight of, any commercial participators/professional fundraisers

In 2023/24 we did not use any commercial participators or professional fundraisers. Nor do we have any intentions or plans to use commercial participators/professional fundraisers in the coming year.

Fundraising conforming to recognised standards

LSTM has core processes and commitments in place to ensure that our fundraising is conducted legally and responsibly in line with relevant laws, recognised standards and best practice. These include gift acceptance and

due diligence policies which are regularly reviewed and due for standard policy update in December 2024. This also includes ensuring that our fundraising strategy is in line with our institutional values and progress is regularly and transparently monitored and reported to Trustees.

LSTM is registered with the Fundraising Regulator and is committed to fundraising in line with the Code of Fundraising Practice in a way that is legal, open, honest and respectful.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

This coming year, we anticipate updated information from the fundraising regulator in line with their 2022-25 Code Review. We will look to make any recommended updates to our practices and policies in line with the updated Code of Fundraising Practice as it is released in 2025.

In 2023/24 our fundraising and alumni engagement roles were updated with new job descriptions and clear operational objectives to ensure that all fundraising staff have clarity on their roles, responsibilities and what is needed to be successful.

Monitoring of fundraising carried out on our behalf

On occasions where LSTM is approached by volunteers, alumni or staff wishing to fundraise for LSTM’s behalf, we work closely with them to ensure they understand the boundaries within which they must work when representing LSTM.

Our Board of Trustees and 125th Anniversary Campaign Board continue to be supportive of LSTM’s fundraising and introduce contacts and networks as appropriate. In all instances of introductions, the Fundraising team work to ensure that relationships and any subsequent gifts are conducted and agreed in line with our policies and procedures.

Fundraising complaints

Any formal complaints received in relation to our fundraising, advertising or communications directly to LSTM via the Fundraising Regulator, Advertising Standards Agency, Charity Commission or changes to communications via the Fundraising Preference Service will be reviewed and appropriately actioned and/or responded to. Serious complaints will be referred to the Vice-Chancellor of LSTM and/or the Chair of the Board of Trustees for review and appropriate action.

As per LSTM’s wider processes, safeguarding concerns continue to be referred to and managed by LSTM’s Safeguarding Lead. FOIs are reviewed and managed by LSTM’s Data Protection team and are responded to in a timely and transparent manner.

Protection of the public, including vulnerable people, from unreasonably intrusive or persistent fundraising approaches, and undue pressure to donate

LSTM does not currently undertake any public campaigns utilising telephone, door-to-door or street fundraising. Any mass-participation fundraising campaigns are primarily conducted via direct communication with individuals who are alumni, friends, staff, members of LSTM whose data we hold in our database under legitimate interest.

All communications have clear ways for recipients to opt out of future contact or fundraising, any such request to opt out is processed in a timely fashion.

12. Taxation

LSTM’s activities are not subject to corporation tax, given that income and gains are applied for and used exclusively for charitable purposes. LSTM’s subsidiaries fall under the scope of corporation tax, except for IVCC and LLSA Limited, which have charity status, and the overseas subsidiaries. Due to the continued growth of LSTM, a tax strategy is updated and issued annually (available on the website). LSTM continue to comply with all relevant regulations and to contact HMRC as relevant on specific issues.

13. Employment of Disabled Persons

LSTM strives to be an inclusive employer and welcomes applications from people with disabilities, appointing on merit alone. We are reviewing our branding and recruitment practices to ensure they are inclusive and equitable for all underrepresented demographics – this includes those who identify as disabled.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

We continue to work to the social model of disability and provide adjustments and required support in the workplace. We are working to identify barriers to progression and development and implement identified actions to address these as part of our long-term Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (ED&I) commitments.

We acknowledge that people can become disabled and may also be temporarily disabled across their lives. Our efforts include ensuring that necessary support mechanisms are put in place both practically and holistically to support our people. We are people led and have recently established a Disability and Carers Network.

Over the past academic year 2023 – 2024 we have done the following in relation to disability:

14. Disability Statement

As a public sector higher education research institution, we comply with both the Equality Act 2010 and the Public Sector Equality Duty. As an employer, we work to go beyond legal statutory requirements to support people with disabilities including but not limited to physical disability, neurodiversity and progressive conditions and impairments.

We accept the accessibility regulations as good practice, and as part of our commitment to the Public Sector Equality Duty. A priority action for us as an organisation includes working to ensure our website and documents are compliant with legal accessibility requirements.

15. Equality at LSTM

Over the past academic year we have delivered a number of initiatives and efforts against our stated goals:

  1. ED&I Strategy: We have started working on our new EDI strategy, which will be published in the next academic year.

  2. History and Heritage: We have commissioned and funded a two year research project, focusing on our our history and colonial origins.

  3. Progression and Retention: We extended our Career programme to include colleagues from global partner organisations, providing opportunities for academic progression and capacity strengthening. We are developing a programme to address underrepresentation of Black and Ethnic Minority staff at senior academic levels through support for progression.

  4. Culture and Engagement: In terms of culture and engagement initiatives we have delivered events in partnership with our ED&I Staff Networks, including Chinese New Year, and LCR Pride, and also organised activities with local partners. We have delivered training on leading an Anti-Racist Organisation for senior leaders and organised a programme of activities to raise and develop awareness. We have launched new externally hosted platforms to support staff and students who want to raise concerns of bullying or harassment.

  5. Institutional Charters and Action Plans and Data Capture : We are preparing for our first submission for recognition through the Race Equity Charter in November 2025 and for renewal of our exiting Athena Swan award in 2027. To support this we have reviewed our EDI data capture to enable improved analysis and monitoring of trends.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

16. Transparency Arrangements

The Board of Trustees conducts its business through a number of committees. Each committee has terms of reference, which have been approved by the Board. Minutes of all meetings are available from the Secretary to the Board at: Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA.

The Secretary to the Board maintains a register of financial and personal interests of the Board members. The register is available for inspection at the above address.

17. Planned Maintenance Programme

LSTM’s management, through the Building Steering Committee, review the funding available for maintenance and identify an appropriate budget to deliver a prioritised planned maintenance programme for the year. All buildings are maintained to a high standard and LSTM scores highly in the sector in this regard.

18. Endowments

LSTM holds endowment funds from the following:

Andrew Campbell Prize, Corlett Prize, David Haddock Prize, John Hay Prize, Jephcott Prize, Jervis Prize, Toosey Prize, White Waller Prize, W. Glynn Williams Prize, Blacklock Medal, Holt Medal, Milne Medal, Cicely Williams Medal, Yorke Medal, William Hesketh Leverhulme Scholarship, Joseph P. Caplan Bursary, Jean Clayton Fellowship, Mildred Ellerker Award, Gatsby, Sir Eric Griffith-Jones Memorial Fellowship Fund, Thomas Mark Fund, Kenneth Newell Bursary, Rhodes-Gilles Fund, Gwendolen Clayton Memorial Scholarships, David Smith Fund, A. M. Browne Bursary, Katherine Elliot Fund, Annie Evans Fund, Mamco Selab Scholarship Fund, Professorial Fund.

19. Professional Advisers

LSTM’s current professional advisors are:

Financial Statement & Funding Auditor:

Crowe U.K. LLP 55, Ludgate Hill London, EC4M 7JW

Internal Auditors:

RSM Risk Assurance Services LLP 3, Hardman Street Manchester, M3 3HF

Bankers:

The Royal Bank of Scotland plc 1, Dale Street Liverpool, L2 2PP

Solicitors:

Brabners LLP Exchange Flags Liverpool, L2 3YL

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

20. Members

The Board of Trustees are also the nominated directors under the Companies Act 2006 and their term of office is for three years. The members who served on the Board during the year were as follows :

Name Date of appointment/
retirement
re-appointment ***		 Status of
appointment		 Capacity and Committees
Served
Jim McKenna December 2023** Elected Chair of the Board of Trustees
Nominations & Governance
Remuneration
Finance & Investment
John O’Brien, B.Comm,
FCA		 December 2023** Elected Hon Treasurer
Chair of Finance & Investment
Nominations & Governance
Remuneration
Prof David Lalloo MB, BS,
FRCP, MD, FFTM, RCPS
(Glasg), FMedSci		 January 2019 Ex Officio/staff Vice Chancellor of LSTM
Nominations & Governance
Finance & Investment
Mark Allanson December 2022** Elected Remuneration
Champion for PREVENT
Joanathan Ball BSc (Hons),
PhD, PGCHE, FHEA,		 January 2024 Ex Officio/staff Deputy Vice Chancellor of
LSTM
Joanne Dodd BA ACA December 2022** Elected Deputy Treasurer
Finance & Investment
Champion for Environment and
Sustainability
Ingrid Etoke MSc February 2022 Elected Finance & Investment
Prof Nyovani Madise, PhD,
DSc		 December 2022** Elected Remuneration Committee
Champion for Equality and
Diversity
Prof Sabrina Rashid PhD,
MSc		 September 2022 Elected Trustee
Sue Russell LLB (Hons) December 2022** Elected Vice Chair of the Board of
Trustees
Chair of Audit
Nominations & Governance
IVCC Board Member (Feb 2023)
Champion for GDPR
Dr Helen Savage, MBChB,
MRes, MRCP, DTMH		 July 2024* Elected Student Trustee
Prof Neil Squires, MBCh,
MPH, DTMH, FFPH		 March 2022 Elected Audit Committee
Prof Stephen Ward BSc,
PhD		 October 2023* Ex Officio / staff Deputy Director of LSTM
Catherine West MP BA
BSW MA		 July 2024* Elected Trustee
Andrew Wright, BSc, MSc December 2022** Elected Audit Committee
Remuneration Committee
Champion for Safeguarding
Robert Einion Holland
FCCA, MBA		 July 2024* Non- member Secretary to the Board
Joanne Clague July2024* Non-member Secretaryto the Board

15

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

21. LSTM Statement of Corporate Governance and Internal Controls

The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine is a company limited by guarantee and currently has 61 members, 10 of whom (plus 2 staff Trustees) make up the Board of Trustees. Members meet at the Annual General Meeting where they elect the Board of Trustees, effectively the company board of directors. It is the Board’s responsibility to bring independent judgement to bear on issues of strategy, performance, resources and standards of conduct.

LSTM operates under the following principal governance arrangements:

And with due regard to best practice within - The UK Corporate Governance Code.

The Board of Trustees conducts its business through a number of formal committees, delegating the day-to-day management of LSTM to the Vice Chancellor of LSTM and its subsidiary Boards. The Trustees comply with the requirements of the Companies Act, the Office for Students and of the Charities Act as to keeping financial records, the audit of accounts and the preparation and transmission to the Register of Companies. The Trustees also ensure that annual reports, annual returns and annual statements of account are completed by LSTM. Proper records of all proceedings at general meetings, meetings of Trustees, committees and all professional advice obtained are kept by the Secretary to the Board for the Chairman of the Board.

The Board is provided with regular and timely information on the overall financial performance of LSTM together with other strategically important information including performance against corporate targets, capital expenditure, quality matters and personnel related matters such as safeguarding, equality and diversity, health and safety and environmental issues. The Board of Trustees meet five times a year in addition to having annual away days and an AGM and retain authority to request and conduct extraordinary meetings.

All Board members are able to take independent professional advice in furtherance of their duties at LSTM’s expense and have access to the Secretary and Clerk who are responsible to the Board of Trustees for ensuring compliance with all applicable procedures and regulations. The appointment, evaluation and removal of the Secretary are matters for the Board of Trustees as a whole. Formal agendas, papers and reports are supplied to members in a timely manner prior to Board meetings. Briefings are also supplied on an ad-hoc basis.

The Board has a strong and independent non-executive membership and no individual or group dominates its decision-making process. The Board considers that each of its non-executive members is independent of management and free from any business relationships, which could materially interfere with the exercise of the independent judgement. Declarations of interest are made at the start of each meeting and annual related party disclosures obtained from Trustees and close family members. There is a clear division of responsibility in that the roles of the Chair, Deputy Chairs, and Director are separate.

Each committee chair, deputies and members receive delegated responsibility from the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees has approved terms of reference for each committee.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Collectively, these set out governance principles and arrangements for ensuring that LSTM is committed to maintaining the highest standards of corporate governance and are appropriate for the size and complexity of the organisation.

Appointments to the Board of Trustees

Any new appointments to the Board are a matter for consideration of the Board as a whole. The Board of Trustees has a Nominations & Governance Committee comprised of 4 members which is responsible for the selection and nomination of any new member for the Board’s consideration. Ahead of, and during appointment, it is incumbent upon LSTM to ensure that “fit and proper persons” checks are in place to notify LSTM and the Chair of the Board of Trustees if there are any declarations that may require intervention.

Members of the Board of Trustees are appointed for a term of office of three years. Retiring Trustees shall be eligible for re-election subject to paragraph 5.5, 5.5.1 and paragraph 5.5.2 of the Articles (November 2017).

The Board of Trustees appoint five members as “Board Champions” who have career experience in equity, diversity and inclusion, PREVENT duty, GDPR, safeguarding and environment and sustainability, and these act as conduits across the organisation and lead on engagement activity. The Board is responsible for ensuring that appropriate training is provided as required to its members.

Members are expected to promote LSTM’s values and protect its reputation by discharging their duties and principles as set out in the code of conduct. The code of conduct provides clear guidance on what is expected of staff, students, volunteers, Trustees and other representatives, as well as providing examples of conduct that will always be unacceptable.

Patron

LSTM is honoured to have Her Royal Highness The Princess Royal KG KT GCVO as Patron. She succeeded her father, HRH the Duke of Edinburgh, in 1991. LSTM has enjoyed Royal Patronage since 1932 when HM King George VI became LSTM's first Patron.

President & Vice-Presidents

LSTM’s Chancellor and Vice-Presidents are distinguished individuals drawn from the field of academia, business and politics and are committed to assisting LSTM in fulfilling its mission. They willingly give their help and advice and support in approaches for charitable donations.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee has a maximum of 7 members and is comprised of at least 2 members of the Board (Chair and Deputy), 1 IVCC Board member and at least 1 co-opted independent member. The Committee operates in accordance with written terms of reference approved by the Board of Trustees. The Committee is comfortable that the Board representation is sufficient given the additional expertise of the co-opted members.

The Audit Committee meets on a termly basis and provides a forum for reporting by LSTM’s internal and financial statements auditors who have access to the Committee for independent discussion without the presence of LSTM management.

LSTM’s internal auditor team provide LSTM with independent advice and assurance in regard to the adequacy of systems of internal control, risk management controls and governance processes in accordance with an agreed plan of input and report their findings to management and the Audit Committee. Management is responsible for the implementation of the agreed recommendations and internal auditors undertake periodic follow up

17

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

reviews. LSTM is able to ensure that such recommendations have been implemented. Management actions are reported to LSTM Executive Committee alongside a summary of all reports received.

The Audit Committee also advises the Board of Trustees on the appointment of internal and financial statements auditors and their remuneration for both audit and non-audit work.

Finance and Investment Committee

The Finance and Investment Committee has a maximum of 7 members and is comprised of at least 2 members of the Board. The Committee operates in accordance with written terms of reference approved by the Board of Trustees.

The Finance and Investment Committee advise the Board on financial policy, provide oversight, monitor and approve relevant returns to OfS/UKRI, HESA and other stakeholders and review in depth annual financial statements, management accounts, cashflows, budgets. It reviews the performance of the investment portfolio with assistance from an investment review committee.

Remuneration Committee

Throughout the year ended 31 July 2024, LSTM’s Remuneration Committee comprised the Chairman, Treasurer, and at least 2 other Board members. The Committee’s responsibility is to review the remuneration policy for all staff and to make recommendations on the remuneration and benefits of the Vice Chancellor and other senior members of staff in LSTM.

Internal Control

The Board of Trustees is ultimately responsible for LSTM’s system of internal control and for reviewing its effectiveness. However, such a system is designed to manage, rather than eliminate, the risk of failure to achieve business objectives & can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss.

The Board of Trustees has delegated to the Vice Chancellor of LSTM as Accountable Officer, the day-to-day responsibility for reviewing the adequacy of the system of internal control and making any appropriate amendments. The Vice Chancellor is also responsible for reporting to the Board any material weaknesses or breakdowns in internal financial control.

The Board of Trustees is of the view that there is a formal on-going process for identifying, evaluating and managing LSTM's significant risks that have been in place and operational for the year ended 31 July 2024. The Board regularly review this risk framework and the approach to internal control is risk-based. The process continues to be embedded with the adoption of a prioritised strategic risk register to include timescales and responsible officers. The process is now embedded within all levels of LSTM and covers business, operational, compliance and financial risk procedures.

Value for Money

LSTM strives to apply value for money considerations to all its processes and activities, and this is supported by strong awareness and vigilance across the executive management team. The Audit Committee receives an annual report on LSTM’s value for money activity from a dedicated committee established several years’ ago. The committee is made up from a cross section of the organisation. Each internal audit review undertaken and submitted to the Audit Committee makes specific observations and judgements concerning the value for money demonstrated. The report for the year ended 31 July 2024 detailed the progress made against the 8 Value for money objectives for the year and sets out the objectives for the year to 31 July 2025.

18

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Risk Management

A comprehensive risk management framework, defined in LSTM’s Risk Management Policy, assists the management of LSTM in the identification of the key risks inherent in the delivery of its strategy. This is overseen by the Audit Committee in order to gain the necessary assurances on the efficacy of the framework and relay them to the Board of Trustees.

The Board of Trustees, through the Audit Committee, evaluates the risks inherent in all major plans and proposals, including the identification of the steps that would be required to mitigate, eliminate and control such risks. The Risk Register is reviewed by the LSTM Executive Committee on a routine basis and is presented to the Board of Trustees at each meeting.

The Board has been provided with assurance of enhanced internal management controls around business continuity and recovery through the LSTM executive team, where response and recovery planning provide further assurance to the Board that responsible and timely management of stakeholder funding and investment continues to support sustainable operations.

Statement by the Trustees on performance of their statutory duties in accordance with S172(1) of the Companies Act 2006

The Board of Trustees of LSTM consider, both individually and collectively, that they have acted in ways that they believe in good faith to be most likely to promote the success of the Group for the benefits of its members as a whole (having regard to the stakeholders and other matters set out in s172(1) of the Act) in the decisions they made during the year ended 31 July 2024.

The LSTM Board of Trustees comprises largely non-executive members, with two executive directors and a student representative. There are now five full board meetings each year plus meetings of several subcommittees, which are also attended by various senior staff. The AGM is open to all staff, students and key stakeholders.

Other than the executive members of the Board, Trustees are not remunerated, and they join the LSTM Board to contribute their skill and expertise to help LSTM to achieve its vision and mission, as detailed in section 4 of this report. The Board of Trustees follows the terms set out in the memorandum and articles of association, and Board members receive regular external training on the duties of Trustees of both a charity and an HEI. There is also a code of conduct and members are required to declare any conflicts of interest at every meeting.

The Board’s key stakeholders have been identified as the following :

The Board engage with each of these groups throughout the year through face-to-face meetings, surveys, seminars and written correspondence to promote LSTM’s mission.

Key decisions made by the Board this year include:

Approval of the 2024/25 annual budget : This year’s budget was approved by the Board following a comprehensive review of our strategic priorities and risks to our business. The Budget was approved, showing a small surplus. It is viewed very much as an investment for the future budget, with significant growth in strategic positions throughout both academic and professional service posts

19

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Strategic Plan 2023-2028: : The Board of Trustees approved the institution level KPIs that will be used to monitor and track progress against the 2023-2028 Strategic Plan. The Board’s role in developing the organisational KPIs is key to the future success of LSTM.

Governance Effectiveness: : The Board of Trustees continued to support the transformation of the professional services function. During the year, capability gaps were identified, new functions created, and existing functions realigned, and significant recruitment was undertaken. The Board supported an overhaul of the risk review process, and a new set of corporate risks were identified. Board members, along with senior management, were involved in the appointment of new external auditors and after a rigorous process, Crowe UK were appointed.

Capital approvals: The Board of Trustees continued to be engaged with the ongoing capital development projects at LSTM which included the Human Challenge Facility within the newly acquired LLSA building and supporting the ongoing Creator investment within MLW in Malawi. New projects approved and started included the refurbishment of the Mary Kingsley and Maegraith areas for an enhanced students experience, and the commencement of the AIR-HC Laboratory in the LLSA building. The facility will be one of the first fully automated containment level 3 human organoid labs driven by closed loop artificial intelligence (AI), to provide medium throughput screening of human organoids with new drug candidates and NTD pathogens of relevance to humans.

Race Equity : LSTM’s Board of Trustees welcomed the ongoing commitment of LSTM staff to address the recommendations from the independent report into Race Equity. The Board approved the six focus areas developed by the Race Equity Action Group: Dignity at work and study, history and heritage, developing racial literacy, positive action, improved communication and the student experience. The Board continued to receive direct updates from the Race Equity Action Group and significant progress was made in all areas. A new set of priorities will be developed for 2024/25.

Employee engagement statement

The Board of Trustees engage with employees using multiple channels, via the Vice Chancellor of LSTM and senior team, through the work of the executive team, ensuring that key messaging is delivered via LSTM-wide communications. Where appropriate, staff are fully engaged in strategic discussion and decision making under the delegated duties of Committees. The Board of Trustees are presented with executive summaries of LSTM’s Executive agreed actions and are fully briefed by the Vice Chancellor on all activity in relation to staff engagement.

There is also positive engagement by many staff through the various Board committees, where employees often present research activity updates to Board members. The Audit Committee works with HR staff in relation to equity, diversity and inclusion and the effectiveness of the HR processes. The Remuneration Committee, in addition to considering the remuneration of senior staff, received information and discusses overall reward policy and strategy including the gender and ethnicity pay gap.

LSTM wide engagement includes a monthly staff forum (SSF), attended by the Vice Chancellor, chaired by the executive committee member for SSF and is also open to IVCC and other subsidiary company employees. Staff can also apply to work on a variety of projects or working groups addressing issues of sustainability, gender equality, LGBTQ+,race equity, disability and as LSTM addresses key strategic issues, staff are frequently engaged through Town Hall events, surveys or focus groups. Board champions engage with Committee chairs in the areas of Equity and Inclusion, Prevent, Safeguarding and UK GDPR, supporting and engaging with the work of LSTM committees. LSTM regularly runs staff engagement surveys, the results of which are presented to the Board.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Statement on business relationships

The LSTM Board of Trustees and its committees comprise people with a variety of skills and backgrounds. Through their networks Board members can foster additional benefit with LSTM through their association with our stakeholders, this brings a greater breadth of knowledge into the organisation, particularly in relation to key decisions made by the Board.

Delivering our strategy requires strong mutually beneficial relationships with all stakeholders. LSTM continuously assesses its priorities related to its major funding partners, and the Board engages on this through regular strategy updates through the committees’ structure in place.

LSTM’s activity within the External Relations Committee also supports a strategic approach to stakeholder engagement that contributes to objectives of the strategic plan.

Sustainability and Carbon Reporting

LSTM is a world-leading specialist provider of education and plays an influential role in shaping a sustainable future. LSTM is committed to promoting and contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The Sustainability and Environment Committee provides strategic direction, coordination, and guidance to LSTM for integration of sustainability principles and practices throughout core of teaching, research, and operational activities. The institution is fully committed to the challenges of climate change by monitoring and reducing carbon emissions from its operations and activities, through supporting and encouraging collaboration, innovation, and engagement across the LSTM community.

During the year 2023/24 LSTM has continued assessing and identifying opportunities to reduce carbon emissions from our research, teaching and operational activities. This has included several ‘green’ initiatives mainly towards understanding our emission base. These initiatives include:

21

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

LSTM endeavours to continue evolving reporting methodologies by improving our data management systems and accuracy of information/data collected. This will help monitoring and managing our buildings energy consumptions more efficiently.

This report was produced in accordance with ‘GHG Reporting Protocol - Corporate Standard’ and used the 2024 UK Government’s Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Some GHG sources were excluded since they account for non-significant GHG emissions or quantification was technically not possible due to lack of data.

The following table provide a breakdown of LSTM GHG emissions between 1[st] August 2023 and 31[st] July 2024 :

Scope Year ended 31stJuly2024 Year ended 31stJuly2024 Year ended 31stJuly2023 Year ended 31stJuly2023
Emissions for combuston of
gas for heatng		 Scope 1 5,134,580.84
kWh		 939.1148356
tCO2e		 5,169,307
kWh		 930.475
tCO2e
Emissions from combuston
of oilproducts		 Scope 1 - - - -
Emissions from refrigerants
used for air conditoning		 Scope 1 - - 90kg 168.97
tCO2e
Emissions from combustons
of fuel for LSTM own vehicles
and fuel used in
personal/hire cars for
business use		 Scope 1 - - - -
Emissions from purchased
electricity		 Scope 2 5086270.1
kWh		 1053.112224
tCO2e		 4,845,344.24
kWh		 1,003.345
tCO2e
Other indirect emissions Scope 3 - - - -
Total Scope 1&2 (locaton
based)		 2,102.790
tCO2e
Total LSTM operatonal
buildings foor area		 - 26,004.62
m2		 - 26,004.62
m2
Carbon Intensity ratos
(Total tCO2e per operatonal
foor area, excluding the
insttutonal wider land
holding)		 - 0.077
tCO2e/m2		 - 0.081
tCO2e/m2

Location-based method of calculating emissions reflects the average emissions intensity of grids on which energy consumption occurs. This includes electricity delivered to LSTM by a local utility or another direct-line grid at standard commercial rates and grid-connected onsite renewable energy installations.

Scope 1: DIRECT GHG EMISSIONS are emissions issued from sources directly controlled by the LSTM, such as stationary combustion equipment used for building heating, fuel consumption, and fugitive emissions from refrigerants leaks/maintenance.

Scope 2: ENERGY INDIRECT EMISSIONS are emissions issued from electricity production, or from the imported heat or vapor consumed in the buildings and equipment operation, provided by an external entity (sources out of the organizational boundaries).

Scope 3: OTHER INDIRECT GHG EMISSIONS are emissions issued from the LSTM activities but from sources controlled by external enterprises, such as waste disposal (transport and processing) and the transportation means of staff and students (business and commuting).

Intensity ratios factors: We have chosen the total gross emissions in metric tonnes CO2e per total operational building floor area as it provides most meaningful data in relation to LSTM operations.

22

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

22. Going Concern

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. The research pipeline continues to look strong. The new macro economic risks of inflation and rising energy costs which emerged the last couple of years remain but appear to have levelled off making forecasting less unpredictable. All research grants continue to be reviewed for inflationary risks and no significant exposures have been found. With regard to energy prices, LSTM's fixed prices ended in April 2023 and we currently operate on a Flexible Arrangement Agreement with TEC that provides risk management on utilities price fluctuation.

In assessing going concern management analysed the 2024/25 budget, extrapolated to end of November 2025 and produced related cashflow forecasts. On the basis of this the Board of Trustees consider that it continues to be appropriate to account for the group and LSTM as a going concern for the foreseable future.

23. Strategic Reporting

As LSTM is a registered charity, the strategic report is contained in the following sections:

24. Responsibilities of the Trustees

In accordance with LSTM’s Memorandum and Articles of Association, the Governing Body is responsible for the administration and management of the affairs of LSTM and are required to present audited financial statements for each financial year.

The Governing Body (the Governors, also referred to as the Trustees are also the directors of LSTM for the purposes of company law) is responsible for preparing the Report of the Members of the Board of Trustees including the strategic report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law, the Trustees are required to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law) including FRS 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. In addition, the Trustees are required to prepare the financial statements in accordance with Office for Student’s (‘OfS’) terms and conditions of funding for higher education institutions (issued March 2019) and the terms and conditions of its funding agreement with Research England through its accountable officer. Under company law, the Trustees must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true & fair view of the state of affairs of LSTM and the Group and of the surplus or deficit, gains & losses, changes in reserves & cash flows of LSTM & the Group for that year.

In preparing the financial statements, the Trustees are required to:

23

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

The Trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain LSTM’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of LSTM and enable it to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Statement of Recommended Practice - Accounting for Further and Higher Education, OfS terms and conditions of funding for higher education institutions (issued March 2019), the Office for Students Accounts Direction (issued October 2019) and the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of LSTM and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The Trustees have taken reasonable steps to:

The Trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on LSTM’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

The Trustees confirm that:

A resolution to reappoint Crowe UK LLP will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting, under the heading "Independent Auditors", subject to the outcome of a procurement tender exercise.

Signed on behalf of the Board of Trustees

Jim McKenna Chair – 28 November 2024

24

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Statement on the System of Internal Financial Control to 31 July 2024

As HEI Accountable Officer, I acknowledge my responsibility for ensuring that an effective system of internal financial control is maintained and operated by LSTM.

The system can provide only reasonable and not absolute, assurance that assets are safeguarded, transactions authorised and properly recorded, and that material errors or irregularities are either prevented or would be detected within a timely period.

The system of internal financial control is based on a framework of regular management information, administrative procedures including the segregation of duties and a system of delegation and accountability. In particular, it includes:

LSTM has a subcontracted internal audit service, which operates in accordance with the requirements of the Audit Code of Practice. The work of the internal audit service is informed by an analysis of the risks to which LSTM is exposed and annual internal audit plans are based on this analysis. The analysis of risks and the internal audit plans are endorsed by the Board of Trustees on the recommendation of the Audit Committee. The Chair of the Audit Committee provides the Board with a report on internal audit activity in LSTM at a minimum annually. The report includes the financial statement, grant and internal auditors’ independent opinions on the adequacy and effectiveness of LSTM’s system of internal control, risk management controls and governance processes, including internal financial control. The role of the external auditors is specifically to audit the year end financial statements, but they also report on the control environment and on any control issues identified during the annual audit, and report to the Finance and Investment Committee and the Audit Committee in that regard. No significant control weaknesses or failures were reported in relation to the year ended 31 July 2024.

My review of the effectiveness of the system of internal financial control is informed by the work of the internal auditors, the Audit Committee which oversees the work of the internal auditors, the executive managers within LSTM who have responsibility for the development and maintenance of the financial control framework and comments made by LSTM’s financial statement and grant auditors in their management letters and other reports. The audit committee report annually to the Board in November regarding any control weaknesses or failures during the past financial year; there have been no significant control weaknesses or failures in the year ended 31 July 2024.

Type text here

Professor David Lalloo

MB, BS, MD, FRCP, FFTM, RCPS (Glasg)

Vice Chancellor 28 November 2024

25

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) and its subsidiaries (the group) for the year ended 31 July 2024 which comprise the group and LSTM’s statement of comprehensive income, the group and LSTM’s statement of changes in reserves, the group and LSTM’s balance sheets, the group and LSTM’s statement of cash flows, and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group and LSTM in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the trustees’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group and LSTM’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the trustees with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The trustees are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and LSTM and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the directors’ report included within the trustees’ report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Office for Students requires us to report to you, if in our opinion:

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

Responsibilities of trustees

As explained more fully in the trustees’ responsibilities statement set out on page 23-24, the trustees (who are also the directors of the charitable company for the purposes of company law) are responsible for the

27

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the trustees are responsible for assessing the group and LSTM’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the trustees either intend to liquidate the group or LSTM or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

We have been appointed as auditor under the Companies Act 2006 and report in accordance with the Act and relevant regulations made or having effect thereunder.

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Details of the extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations are set out below.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

Extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We identified and assessed the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements from irregularities, whether due to fraud or error, and discussed these between our audit team members including internal specialists. We then designed and performed audit procedures responsive to those risks, including obtaining audit evidence sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks within which the group and LSTM operates, focusing on those laws and regulations that have a direct effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The laws and regulations we considered in this context were: the Charities Act 2011, the Companies Act 2006, the Further and Higher Education Act 1992, the Office for Students Accounts Direction 2019, together with taxation legislation.

We assessed the required compliance with these laws and regulations as part of our audit procedures on the related financial statement items.

In addition, we considered provisions of other laws and regulations that do not have a direct effect on the financial statements but compliance with which might be necessary to the group and LSTM’s ability to operate or to avoid a material penalty. We also considered the opportunities and incentives that may exist within the group and LSTM for fraud. The laws and regulations we considered in this context for the UK operations were: Anti-fraud, bribery and corruption legislation, Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Health and safety legislation and employment legislation.

Auditing standards limit the required audit procedures to identify non-compliance with these laws and regulations to enquiry of the Trustees and other management and inspection of regulatory and legal correspondence, if any.

28

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2024

We identified the greatest risk of material impact on the financial statements from irregularities, including fraud, to be within the timing and recognition of income and management override of controls, the assumptions adopted by management to calculate the pension liability and managements assumptions and managements judgements in respect of loan accounting. Our audit procedures to respond to these risks included enquiries of management, internal audit, and the Audit Committee about their own identification and assessment of the risks of irregularities, sample testing on the posting of journals, and reading minutes of meetings of those charged with governance.

Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that we may not have detected some material misstatements in the financial statements, even though we have properly planned and performed our audit in accordance with auditing standards. For example, the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations (irregularities) is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely the inherently limited procedures required by auditing standards would identify it. In addition, as with any audit, there remained a higher risk of non-detection of irregularities, as these may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal controls. We are not responsible for preventing noncompliance and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance with all laws and regulations.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to LSTM’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to LSTM’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than LSTM and LSTM’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Jayne Rowe

Senior Statutory Auditor

For and on behalf of

Crowe U.K. LLP

Statutory Auditor

London

29 November 2024

29

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Statement of Comprehensive Income
Notes
Income
Funding body grants
5
Tuition fees and education contracts
6
Research grants and contracts
7
Other income
8
Investment income
9
Donations and endowment income
10
Total income
Expenditure
Staff costs
11
Pension deficit funding costs
23
Other operating expenditure
13
Depreciation
16
Interest payable
14
Total expenditure
Surplus on continuing operations before other gains/(losses)
Unrealised surplus/(deficit) on revaluation of investments and
endowments
(Deficit)/surplus on disposal of investments
Deficit on disposal of tangible assets
Surplus on continuing operations before taxation
Taxation
15
Surplus for the year
15
Total Comprehensive Income for the year
Represented by :
Restricted endowment comprehensive Income for the year
Unrestricted endowment comprehensive Income/(Expenditure) for the year
Expendable restricted endowment comprehensive (Expenditure) for the year
Unrestricted comprehensive Income for the year
Restricted comprehensive Income/(Expenditure) for the year
Total Comprehensive Income for the year		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
21,812
2,051
86,051
14,413
2,567
921
127,815
39,989
(20,065)
82,309
2,858
500
105,591
22,224
3,022
(218)
-
25,028
(4)
25,024
25,024
1,140
462
(32)
23,351
103
25,024		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
21,812
2,051
66,690
7,424
1,842
921
100,740
36,703
(20,065)
59,845
2,570
200
79,253
21,487
3,040
(218)
-
24,309
-
24,309
24,309
1,140
462
(32)
22,702
37
24,309		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
20,601
2,319
115,050
15,383
1,026
417
154,796
40,497
(1,318)
104,737
2,656
326
146,898
7,898
(2,202)
2,266
(188)
7,774
(4)
7,770
7,770
67
(113)
(206)
6,813
1,210
7,770		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
20,601
2,319
80,225
11,766
642
417
115,970
34,931
(1,318)
73,701
2,460
115
109,889
6,081
(2,139)
2,266
(188)
6,021
-
6,021
6,021
67
(113)
(206)
6,329
(56)
6,021

The income and expenditure account is in respect of continuing activities and there were no operations that were acquired or discontinued by the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Group during the year or in the previous year.

The surplus for the year and total comprehensive income for the year is attributable to the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. There are no non-controlling interests.

30

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Statement of Changes in Reserves

GROUP
Balance at 31 July 2022
Surplus/(deficit) for the year
Movement between reserves
Surplus/(deficit) from statement of
comprehensive income
Balance at 31 July 2023
Surplus/(deficit) for the year
Movement between reserves
Surplus/(deficit) from statement of
comprehensive income
Balance at 31 July 2024
LSTM
Balance at 31 July 2022
Surplus/(deficit) for the year
Movement between reserves
Surplus/(deficit) from statement of
comprehensive income
Balance at 31 July 2023
Surplus/(deficit) for the year
Movement between reserves
Surplus/(deficit) from statement of
comprehensive income
Balance at 31 July 2024		 Unrestricted
General
Reserve
£'000
19,075
6,738
56
6,794
25,869
23,388
(32)
23,356
49,225
Unrestricted
General
Reserve
£'000
19,244
6,272
56
6,328
25,572
22,739
(35)
22,704
48,276		 Restricted
General
Reserve
£'000
10,603
1,326
(56)
1,270
11,873
66
37
103
11,976
Restricted
General
Reserve
£'000
643
-
(56)
(56)
587
-
37
37
624		 Permanent
Unrestricted
Endowments
£'000
9,641
(113)
(113)
9,528
462
-
462
9,990
Permanent
Unrestricted
Endowments
£'000
9,641
(113)
-
(113)
9,528
462
-
462
9,990		 Permanent
Restricted
Endowments
£'000
7,950
67
67
8,017
1,140
-
1,140
9,157
Permanent
Restricted
Endowments
£'000
7,950
67
-
67
8,017
1,140
-
1,140
9,157		 Expendable
Restricted
Endowments
£'000
594
(206)
(206)
388
(32)
-
(32)
356
Expendable
Restricted
Endowments
£'000
594
(206)
-
(206)
388
(32)
-
(32)
356		 TOTAL
£'000
47,863
7,812
-
7,812
55,676
25,024
5
25,029
80,705
TOTAL
£'000
38,072
6,020
-
6,020
44,092
24,309
2
24,311
68,403

31

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Company registration number : 00083405

Balance Sheets as at 31 July
Notes
Fixed Assets
Tangible assets
16
Intangible assets
16
Investments in subsidiaries
17
Current Assets
Stock
18
Debtors
19
Investments and endowments
20
Cash at bank and in hand
29
Creditors : amounts falling due within 1 year
21
Net Current Assets
Total Assets less Current Liabilities
Creditors : amounts falling due after 1 year
22
Provisions : pension provisions
23
Provisions : other provisions
24
NET ASSETS
Reserves
Permanent restricted endowments
26
Expendable restricted endowments
26
Restricted general reserve
27
Unrestricted Reserves
Permanent unrestricted endowments
26
Unrestricted general reserve
TOTAL FUNDS		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
70,083
2,755
-
72,838
97
23,770
65,604
19,870
109,341
54,636
54,705
127,543
43,830
-
3,008
80,705
9,156
356
9,512
11,976
9,991
49,226
59,217
80,705		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
51,493
2,707
54
54,254
-
30,925
48,791
12,300
92,016
35,203
56,813
111,067
38,330
-
4,334
68,403
9,156
356
9,512
624
9,991
48,276
58,267
68,403		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
68,711
53
-
68,764
3,785
23,552
45,818
40,081
113,236
63,899
49,337
118,101
38,127
20,065
4,233
55,676
8,017
388
8,405
11,873
9,528
25,869
35,397
55,676		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
52,588
609
54
53,251
3,710
28,449
41,122
22,843
96,124
47,982
48,142
101,393
32,427
20,065
4,809
44,092
8,017
388
8,405
587
9,528
25,572
35,100
44,092

The Financial Statements were approved by the Board of Trustees on 28 November 2024 and were signed on behalf of the Directors by :

J O'Brien - Honorary Treasurer

Professor D Lalloo - Director

32

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Statement of Cash Flows
Notes
Surplus for the year
Adjustment for non-cash items :
Depreciation
16
Depreciation on release of Finance lease
Write off of assets
Gift aid not yet received from subsidiary
Unwinding of finance lease
Deferred capital grants released to income
25
Deficit on disposal of investments & endowments
Decrease/(increase) in stock
(Increase) in debtors
(Decrease)/increase in creditors
(Decrease)/increase in other provisions
(Decrease) in USS pension provision
23
Unrealised revaluation (gains)/losses on investments and
endowments
20
Interest payable
14
Interest receivable
Taxation
15
Cash flow from operating activities
Taxation paid
Net cash (utilised)/generated from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities :
Income from long term investments and unrestricted
permanent endowments
Other interest received
9
Decrease in investments in subsidiaries
Purchase of tangible fixed assets
16
Receipts from sales of tangible fixed assets
Payments to acquire investment & endowment assets
20
Receipt from sale of investments and endowments
Movements through equity
Deferred capital grants received
25
Net cash generated from/(used in) investing activities
Cashflows from financing activities :
(Repayment)/receipt of external loans
Interest paid on external loans
Release of finance lease liability
Net cash used in financing activities
(Decrease) in cash in the year
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year
Cash and cash equivalents movements in year		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
25,024
2,858
-
-
-
-
(2,320)
-
3,688
(218)
(9,396)
(1,223)
(20,065)
(3,022)
500
(2,998)
4
(32,192)
(7,168)
(4)
(7,172)
618
2,380
-
(6,911)
14
(115,812)
99,049
(32)
8,357
(12,337)
(200)
(500)
-
(700)
(20,210)
40,081
19,870
(20,211)		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
24,309
2,570
-
-
-
-
(2,320)
-
3,710
(2,476)
(12,913)
(475)
(20,065)
(3,040)
200
(2,273)
-
(37,082)
(12,773)
-
(12,773)
618
1,655
-
(3,571)
-
(64,023)
59,857
(463)
8,357
2,430
-
(200)
-
(200)
(10,543)
22,843
12,300
(10,543)		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
7,770
2,656
(1,243)
187
-
10,900
(2,833)
2,474
(3,626)
(1,671)
781
292
(1,318)
2,202
326
(1,209)
8
7,926
15,696
(8)
15,687
730
479
-
(18,954)
-
(50,685)
43,794
43
4,450
(20,143)
9,900
(326)
(9,075)
499
(3,957)
44,038
40,081
(3,957)		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
6,021
2,460
(1,243)
187
(18)
10,900
(2,833)
1,570
(3,635)
(7,185)
10,091
868
(1,318)
2,139
115
(825)
-
11,273
17,294
-
17,294
346
479
72
(3,467)
-
(50,686)
36,567
-
4,450
(12,239)
4,000
(115)
(9,075)
(5,190)
(135)
22,978
22,843
(135)

33

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Notes to the Accounts

1 Company Information

The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) was formally inaugurated on 22 April 1898 and incorporated on 30 January 1905 as the Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. LSTM was registered as a charity on 11 October 1963. LSTM is a company limited by guarantee and holds no share capital and is governed by a Board of Trustees.

The Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine changed its name on 30 November 1992 to Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. The registered office is at Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.

The Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, by an Order of Parliament, under section 129 of the Education Reform Act 1988, designated LSTM as a Higher Education Institute (HEI) on 19 July 2013. LSTM receives direct funding from the Office for Students (OfS) and UK Research and Innovation (including Research England).

2 Basis of Preparation

i) Basis of Preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Statements of Recommended Practice (SORP) : Accounting for Further and Higher Education 2019, and in accordance with applicable United Kingdom accounting standards including Financial Reporting Standard 102 (FRS 102), 'the Financial Reporting Standard applicable to the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland' and the Companies Act 2006. LSTM is a public benefit entity and therefore has applied the relevant public benefit requirement of FRS 102. The financial statements are prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention (modified by the revaluation of current asset investments and derivative financial instruments).

The financial statements are presented in Sterling (£).

ii) Going Concern

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. The research pipeline continues to look strong. The new macro economic risks of inflation and rising energy costs which emerged the last couple of years remain but appear to have levelled off making forecasting less unpredictable. All research grants continue to be reviewed for inflationary risks and no significant exposures have been found. With regard to energy prices, LSTM's fixed prices ended in April 2023 and we currently operate on a Flexible Arrangement Agreement with TEC that provides risk management on utilities price fluctuation.

In assessing going concern management analysed the 2024/25 budget, extrapolated to end of November 2025 and produced related cashflow forecasts. On the basis of this the Board of Trustees consider that it continues to be appropriate to account for the group and LSTM as a going concern for the foreseable future.

iii) Basis of Consolidation

The Consolidated financial statements include LSTM and entities controlled, both unilaterally and jointly, by LSTM, for the financial year to 31 July 2024. Where LSTM does not exercise control over an entity and is not in a position to extract economic benefits, the results of that entity are not consolidated. A full list of subsidiaries and NGOs in which LSTM has an interest is shown in note 17.

3 Significant Judgements and Estimates

Preparation of the Financial statements requires management to make significant judgements and estimates. The items in the Financial statements where these judgements and estimates have been made include :

Judgements

i) Deferral of balances

Due to the nature of research grants, which in the majority of cases span over several years, judgement is exercised in the decision over deferral or accrual of these balances to ensure income and expenditure are accounted for in the appropriate and matching period or when performance conditions have been met.

34

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Notes to the Accounts

ii) Accounting for the Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Organisation

LSTM works closely with the Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Organisation (MLW). MLW is funded by the UK Wellcome Trust and all funding is directed via LSTM UK. Management analysed the organisational structure to determine the level of influence and whether MLW should be considered a subsidiary, associate or jointly controlled entity. Local management rests with the executive committee, made up of representatives of 5 organisations including LSTM. LSTM holds only 3 seats out of 21 (14%) and Kamuzu University of Health Sciences holds the position of Chair. Therefore, in the judgement of LSTM management, due to the independent local management and operations, LSTM does not exercise sufficient control to consider this entity as a subsidiary, associate or joint venture.

Estimates

iii)

Provisions

Provisions have been set up in relation to operational receipts : Provisions have been made where cash receipts have a possibility that an element may have to be repaid or where a liability has been incurred prior to 31 July 2024 and where the amount can be reasonably calculated or estimated.

Provisions have also been set up in relation to onerous research grants where activity on some research grants has been impacted. Provisions are ascertained through the forecasting and monitoring process that the research management services team undertake on a quarterly basis with delivery teams. This process monitors progress and highlights any issues within projects which may impact receipt of income or overrun of costs, which are reflected in the financial statements as a provision where the amount can be reliably calculated or estimated.

iv) Gifts in Kind

Gifts in kind include 2 material items where significant estimates have been made :

a) Gifts contributed towards 3 projects which form part of the iiCon collaboration of £1,472,000 (2023 : £961,000). Three companies have provided primarily staff time along with some consumables, materials and space, as part of a 5 year research project which falls under the iiCon collaboration. The value of the gift is based on actual costs incurred by the donors.

b) Mosquito nets gifted for an effectiveness study in Uganda of £ 3,793,000 (2023 : £9,466,000). The valuation of the gifts is based on the purchase cost of the nets had LSTM had to purchase the nets directly for the study. The quantification of the number of nets included as the purchase cost as a gift in kind was based on the number of nets distributed during the financial year under the control and direction of LSTM.

v)

Accounting for the USS pension deficit

FRS 102 makes the distinction between a group plan and a multi-employer scheme. A group plan consists of a collection of entities under common control typically with a sponsoring employer. A multi-employer scheme is a scheme for entities not under common control and represents (typically) an industry-wide scheme such as the Universities Superannuation Scheme. The accounting for a multiemployer scheme where the employer has entered into an agreement with the scheme that determines how the employer will fund a deficit results in the recognition of a liability for the contributions payable that arise from the agreement (to the extent that they relate to the deficit) and the resulting expense in the Statement of comprehensive income in accordance with section 28 of FRS 102. The trustees are satisfied that Universities Superannuation Scheme meets the definition of a multi-employer scheme and LSTM has therefore recognised the discounted fair value of the contractual contributions under the recovery plan in existence at the date of approving the financial statements.

At 31 July 2023, LSTM's balance sheet included a liability of £ 20,065,000 for future contributions payable under the deficit recovery agreement which was concluded on 30 September 2021, following the 2020 valuation when the scheme was in deficit. No deficit recovery plan was required from the 2023 valuation, because the scheme was in surplus. Changes to contribution rates were implemented from 1 January 2024 and from that date the institution was no longer required to make deficit recovery contributions. The remaining liability of £20,065,000 was fully released to the profit and loss account. Further disclosures relating to the release of the USS pension provision can be found in note 23.

4 Statement of Principal Accounting Policies

i) Income Recognition

Student fee income is stated gross of any expenditure which is not a discount and credited to the Statement of comprehensive income over the period in which students are studying. Where the amount of the tuition fee is reduced by a discount for prompt payment, income receivable is shown net of the discount. Bursaries and scholarships are accounted for gross as expenditure and not deducted from income.

35

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Notes to the Accounts

Income from contracts and other services rendered is credited to the Statement of comprehensive income when the goods or services are supplied to the external customers or the terms of the contract, including performance related conditions, have been satisfied. This is generally equivalent to the sum of the relevant expenditure incurred during the year and any related contributions to overhead costs. Any payments received in advance of such performance are recognised on the balance sheet as liabilities.

Investment income is credited to the Statement of comprehensive income on a receivable basis.

Funds LSTM receives and disburses as paying agent on behalf of a funding body are excluded from the income and expenditure of LSTM where it is exposed to minimal risk or enjoys minimal economic benefit related to the transaction.

Interest on funds held on deposit is included when receivable and the amount can be measured reliably by LSTM; this is normally upon notification of the interest paid or payable by the Bank.

ii) Grant Funding

Government revenue grants including recurrent teaching and research grants from Office for Students (OfS) and UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), including Research England, are recognised in income over the periods in which LSTM recognises the related costs for which the grant is intended to compensate. Where part of a government grant is deferred it is recognised as deferred income within creditors and allocated between creditors due within one year and due after more than one year as appropriate.

Government capital grants are recognised in income over the expected useful life of the asset. Other capital grants are recognised in income when LSTM is entitled to the funds subject to any performance related conditions being met.

Grants (including research grants) from non-government sources are recognised in income when LSTM is entitled to the income and performance related conditions have been met. Income received in advance of performance related conditions being met is recognised as deferred income within creditors on the balance sheet and released to income as the conditions are met.

iii) Expenditure and Irrecoverable VAT

All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all costs related to that category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to particular headings they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with use of resources. Grants are reflected in the Balance sheet when a constructive obligation exists, notwithstanding that they may be paid in future accounting periods.

Irrecoverable VAT is charged as a cost against the activity for which the expenditure was incurred.

iv)

Donations and Endowments

Non exchange transactions without performance related conditions are donations and endowments. Donations and endowments with donor imposed restrictions are recognised in income when LSTM is entitled to the funds. Income is retained within the restricted reserve until such time that it is utilised in line with such restrictions at which point the income is released to general reserves through a reserve transfer.

Donations with no restrictions are recognised in income when LSTM is entitled to the funds.

Investment income and appreciation of endowments is recorded in income in the year in which it arises and as either restricted or unrestricted income according to the terms or other restrictions applied to the individual endowment fund.

There are four main types of donations and endowments identified within reserves:

  1. Restricted donations - the donor has specified that the donation must be used for a particular objective.

  2. Unrestricted permanent endowments - the donor has specified that the fund is to be permanently invested to generate an income stream for the general benefit of LSTM.

  3. Restricted expendable endowments - the donor has specified a particular objective other than the purchase or construction of tangible fixed assets and LSTM has the power to use the capital.

  4. Restricted permanent endowments - the donor has specified that the fund is to be permanently invested to generate an income stream to be applied to a particular objective.

v) Gifts in Kind

Gifts in kind are recognised within research grant income and other income, and within operating expenses, where performance conditions have been met and when a value to the entity can be reasonably estimated. The value to the company is estimated using market values at the date of the gift but where the date of the gift cannot be accurately determined it is estimated when information has been collected and verified.

36

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Notes to the Accounts

vi) Accounting for Retirement Benefits

The two principal pension schemes for LSTM's staff are the Universities Superannuation Scheme (USS) and the University of Liverpool Pension Fund (ULPF). ULPF is a defined benefit scheme and USS changed from a defined benefit scheme to a hybrid scheme on 1 October 2016, providing defined benefits (for all members) as well as contribution benefits. LSTM also participates in the National Health Service Pension Fund, which is a defined benefit scheme. All three schemes are externally funded and contracted out of the State Second Pension (S2P). Each fund is valued every three years by professionally qualified independent actuaries.

Liverpool International Health Ventures Limited operates a defined contribution scheme for its staff.

Both the USS and ULPF are multi-employer schemes for which it is not possible to identify the assets and liabilities related to LSTM's members due to the mutual nature of the scheme and therefore these schemes are accounted for as defined contribution retirement benefit schemes.

LSTM participates in Universities Superannuation Scheme. The assets of the scheme are held in a separate trustee-administered fund. Because of the mutual nature of the scheme, the assets are not attributed to individual institutions and a scheme-wide contribution rate is set. LSTM is therefore exposed to actuarial risks associated with other institutions’ employees and is unable to identify its share of the underlying assets and liabilities of the scheme on a consistent and reasonable basis. As required by Section 28 of FRS 102 “Employee benefits”, LSTM therefore accounts for the scheme as if it were a defined contribution scheme. As a result, the amount charged to the profit and loss account represents the contributions payable to the scheme and the deficit recovery contributions payable under the scheme’s Recovery Plan.

Where a scheme valuation determines that the scheme is in deficit on a technical provisions basis (as was the case following the 2020 valuation), the trustee of the scheme must agree a Recovery Plan that determines how each employer within the scheme will fund an overall deficit. LSTM recognises a liability for the contributions payable that arise from such an agreement (to the extent that they relate to a deficit) with related expenses being recognised through the income statement. Further disclosures relating to the deficit recovery liability can be found in note 23.

vii)

Defined Contribution Plan

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which LSTM pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions in defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense in the Statement of comprehensive income in the periods during which services are rendered by employees.

The assets of the three main LSTM pension schemes are held in separate trustee-administered funds. Because of the mutual nature of the scheme, the assets are not attributed to individual institutions and a scheme-wide contribution rate is set. LSTM is therefore exposed to actuarial risks associated with other institutions' employees and is unable to identify its share of the underlying assets and liabilities of the scheme on a consistent and reasonable basis.

As required by Section 28 of FRS 102 "employee benefits", LSTM therefore accounts for the schemes as if they were a wholly defined contribution scheme. As a result, the amount charged to the Statement of comprehensive income represents the contributions payable to the schemes.

viii) Employment Benefits

Short term employment benefits such as salaries and compensated absences are recognised as an expense in the year in which the employees render service to LSTM and the Group. Any unused benefits are accrued and measured as the additional amount LSTM and the Group expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement.

ix) Holiday Pay Accrual

The liability for untaken staff holiday entitlement at 31 July 2024 is accrued. The accrual is based on actual hours untaken at 31 July and valued using an estimate made of average salaries within LSTM. A 50% weighting factor is applied to acknowledge the limited probability that such a pay-out would be required for 100% of staff - LSTM is a going concern and 100% pay-out would only likely be required in the event of a wind up of an organisation.

37

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Notes to the Accounts

x) Foreign Currency

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the balance sheet date. Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognised in the Statement of comprehensive income. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are stated at fair value are retranslated at the exchange rate ruling at the dates the fair value was determined.

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on consolidation, are translated to the Group's presentational currency, Sterling, at foreign exchange rates ruling at the balance sheet date. The revenues and expenses of foreign operations are translated at an average rate for the year where this rate approximates to the foreign exchange rates ruling at the dates of the transactions. Exchange differences arising from this translation of foreign operations are reported as an item of Other comprehensive income. Exchange differences arising from a monetary item receivable from or payable to a foreign operation, the settlement of which is neither planned nor likely in the foreseeable future, are considered to form part of a net investment in a foreign operation and are recognised directly in reserves.

xi) Finance Leases

Leases in which LSTM assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the leased asset are classified as finance leases. Leased assets acquired by way of a finance lease and the corresponding lease liabilities are initially recognised at an amount equal to the lower of their fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments at inception of the lease.

Minimum lease payments are apportioned between the finance charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance charge is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

xii) Operating Leases

Rentals under operating leases are charged to the Statement of comprehensive income on a straight line basis over the lease term.

xiii) Tangible assets

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.

Where parts of a fixed asset have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of fixed assets.

LSTM capitalises all items, individual or purchased as a group with a cost of greater than £5,000.

Land and Buildings

Costs incurred in relation to land and buildings after initial purchase or construction are capitalised to the extent that they increase the expected future benefits to LSTM.

Freehold land is not depreciated as it is considered to have an indefinite useful life. Freehold buildings are depreciated on a straight line basis over a period of 50 years.

Leasehold buildings are depreciated on a straight line basis over 50 years.

Leasehold improvements are depreciated at the same rate as the building the relate to.

No depreciation is charged on assets in the course of construction.

Fixtures and Equipment

Fixtures and equipment, including computers and software, costing less than the de minimis of £5,000 per individual item is recognised as expenditure. All other equipment is capitalised.

Capitalised equipment (including computer and other equipment) is stated at cost and depreciated over 4 years.

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at the date of preparation of each Balance Sheet.

38

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Notes to the Accounts

Intangible assets

Computer software systems

LSTM capitalises all items, individual or purchased as a group with a cost of greater than £5,000.

Historically such software has been depreciated at the fixtures and equipment rate over 4 years. From 2022/23 large software systems will be depreciated over 10 years which aligns more closely to the expected life of such large and complex systems.

xiv) Investments

Endowment asset investments and current asset investments are included in the Balance sheet at market value. Investments in the subsidiary undertakings are stated at cost, adjusted by any necessary impairment.

LSTM’s treasury management policy is for all endowments to be invested in a portfolio of long term investments, while working capital balances and revenue reserves are invested short term with interest received credited to the Statement of comprehensive income. The investment objective is to achieve maximum return with minimum risk.

Non-endowment investments are held as current assets as they are available to be drawn down on demand.

xv) Stock

Stock is held at the lower of cost and net realisable value, and is measured using an average cost formula. Where necessary provision is made for obsolete, slow moving and defective stocks.

xvi) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash includes cash in hand, deposits repayable on demand and overdrafts. Deposits are repayable on demand if they are in practice available within 24 hours without penalty.

Cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

xvii) Debtors

Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount due after any trade discount offered, less any impairment. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid net of any trade discounts due.

xviii) Creditors

Creditors are recognised where LSTM has a present obligation resulting from a past event that will probably result in the transfer of funds to a third party and the amount due to settle the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably. Creditors are normally recognised at their settlement amount after allowing for any trade discounts due.

xix) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

Provisions are recognised in the Financial Statements when:

(a) LSTM and the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event;

(b) it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; and

(c) a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects risks specific to the liability.

A contingent liability arises from a past event that gives LSTM a possible obligation whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or otherwise of uncertain future events not wholly within the control of LSTM. Contingent liabilities also arise in circumstances where a provision would otherwise be made but either it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required or the amount of the obligation cannot be measured reliably.

A contingent asset arises where an event has taken place that gives LSTM and the Group a possible asset whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or otherwise of uncertain future events not wholly within the control of LSTM and the Group.

Contingent assets and liabilities are not recognised in the Balance sheet but are disclosed in the notes.

39

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Notes to the Accounts

xx) Financial Instruments

The company only enters into basic financial instrument transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities like trade and other debtors and creditors, loans from banks, loans from related parties and investments in non-puttable ordinary shares.

Financial assets that are measured at cost and amortised cost are assessed at the end of each reporting period for objective evidence of impairment. If objective evidence of impairment is found, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. For financial assets measured at amortised cost, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between an asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated cash flows discounted at the asset's original effective interest rate. If a financial asset has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under the contract.

For financial assets measured at cost less impairment, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between an asset's carrying amount and best estimate of the recoverable amount, which is an approximation of the amount that the Company would receive for the asset if it were to be sold at the reporting date. Basic financial liabilities, including trade and other payables, bank loans and loans from fellow group companies.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method. Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the Statement of Financial Position when there is an enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Loans, investments and short term deposits

All loans, investments and short term deposits held by LSTM are classified as basic financial instruments in accordance with FRS 102. These transactions are measured and held at transaction price less any transaction costs (historic cost).

Derivative instruments

Derivative instruments are considered to be non-basic financial instruments and are intially measured at transaction price, then subsequently measured to fair value each reporting date. Derivative financial instruments are recognised at fair value using a valuation technique with any gains or losses being reported in the Statement of comprehensive income. Outstanding derivatives at the reporting date are included under the appropriate category depending on the nature of the derivative.

LSTM and the Group hold derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency sterling forward currency contracts and an interest rate swap. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value at the balance sheet date. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognised in the surplus or deficit as appropriate.

xxi) Taxation

LSTM, LLSA and IVCC are non-exempt charities within the meaning of Part 3 of the Charities Act 2011, therefore are charities within the meaning of Para 1 of schedule 6 to the Finance Act 2010 and accordingly, LSTM is potentially exempt from taxation in respect of income or capital gains received within categories covered by section 478-488 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 (CTA 2010) or section 256 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992, to the extent that such income or gains are applied to exclusively charitable purposes.

LSTM is registered for VAT. Irrecoverable VAT on inputs is included in the costs of such inputs. Irrecoverable VAT allocated to fixed assets is included in their cost.

Some of LSTM's subsidiary entities are trading companies and are liable to Corporation Tax in the same way as any other commercial organisation.

xxii) Reserves

Reserves are classified as restricted or unrestricted. Restricted endowment reserves include balances which, through endowment to LSTM are held as a permanently restricted fund which LSTM must hold in perpetuity.

Other restricted reserves include balances where the donor has designated a specific purpose and therefore LSTM is restricted in the use of these funds.

The Board of Trustees approved a strategic plan covering a six year period to 31 July 2028. This plan anticipates LSTM's general reserves being augmented by the end of the period. The Board has targeted for cash reserves to represent a minimum of 6 months pay expenditure. Unrestricted reserves at 31 July 2024 are £49,226,000 (2023 : £25,869,000)

40

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

5 Funding Body Grants

Recurrent teaching grants
Recurrent research grants
Specific grants
Release of deferred capital grants (note 25) :
Buildings
Equipment
Tuition Fees and Education Contracts
Masters fee income
PhD fee income
Fee income from diplomas
Fee income from short courses
Training and other courses
Fee income from University of Liverpool
Total grant and fee income is also split as shown below :
Grant income from the OfS
Grant income from other bodies
Fee income for taught awards (exclusive of VAT)
Fee income for research awards (exclusive of VAT)
Fee income for non-qualifying courses (exclusive of VAT)
Research Grants and Contracts
Research Councils
UK based charities
UK Central Government and other bodies
UK industry and commerce
European Union
Other overseas bodies
Other		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,254
14,523
5,214
228
593
21,812
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
616
187
420
33
325
470
2,051
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,254
20,558
21,812
1,524
493
33
2,051
23,863
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
10,761
21,456
16,787
2,562
4,148
30,090
247
86,051		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,254
14,523
5,214
228
593
21,812
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
616
187
420
33
325
470
2,051
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,254
20,558
21,812
1,524
493
33
2,051
23,863
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
10,527
21,420
11,904
2,565
3,705
16,306
263
66,690		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
1,828
13,376
4,596
188
613
20,601
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
951
158
588
17
347
258
2,319
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
1,828
18,773
20,601
1,842
460
17
2,319
22,920
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
13,027
29,553
14,815
1,977
8,791
46,837
50
115,050		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
1,828
13,376
4,596
188
613
20,601
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
951
158
588
17
347
258
2,319
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
1,828
18,773
20,601
1,842
460
17
2,319
22,920
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
12,831
29,555
10,215
1,973
8,017
17,590
44
80,225

7 Research Grants and Contracts

41

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Included within LSTM is £2,180,000 (2023 : £2,130,000) allocated to LSTM by IVCC, a UK registered charity under the control of LSTM. This income has been recognised as other overseas bodies income of £1,244,000 (2023 : £1.077,000) and UK central government and other bodies income of £935,000 (2022 : £ 1,053,000), by being matched against the related charitable expenditure incurred by the Group. IVCC allocates funding to research institutions on a competitive basis as validated by its External Scientific Advisory Committees.

Also included in UK Charities are amounts relating to gifts of mosquito nets of £3,793,000 from UK charities (2023 : £ 9,466,000), included in UK Industry are amounts relating mainly to donated staff time of £1,425,000 (2023 : £916,000) from UK Industry donors, and included in UK Charities (competitive )are amounts relating mainly to donated staff time of £ 46,000 (2023 : £45,000) from UK charity donors. In accordance with FRS 102 the income has been shown above and offsetting costs are included in Other Operating Expenses (note 13).

Details of the estimates and judgements made in relation to these gifts are given in note 3 iv.

8 Other Income

Other Income
Diagnostic lab
Travel health related activities
Implementation research consultancy
Gifts in kind : Training programmes
Forward currency contracts
Interest rate swap contracts
Health authority contracts
Health authority funded posts
Non Government capital grant income
Non-funding council releases of deferred capital grants (Note 25)
Other
Gift aid from subsidiary		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
480
1,242
8,754
-
18
-
226
212
1,084
1,500
897
-
14,413		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
480
-
2,085
-
-
-
226
212
1,084
1,500
1,837
-
7,424		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
412
1,071
5,864
38
1,733
166
109
572
563
2,033
2,822
-
15,383		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
412
-
3,091
38
1,623
-
109
572
563
2,033
3,307
18
11,766

Gifts in kind in the current year include £ Nil (2023 : £ 38,000) in relation to training projects in various countries in Africa. In accordance with FRS 102 the income has been shown above and offsetting costs are included in Other Operating Expenses (note 13).

Details of the estimates and judgements made in relation to these gifts are given in note 3 iv.

9 Investment Income

Investment Income
Dividend income and interest receivable
Other interest receivable
Donations and Endowment Income
Endowment income
Unrestricted donations
Restricted donations		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
187
2,380
2,567
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
431
274
216
921		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
187
1,655
1,842
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
431
274
216
921		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
547
479
1,026
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
183
15
219
417		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
163
479
642
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
183
15
219
417

10 Donations and Endowment Income

42

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

11 Staff Costs

Staff Costs
Group
LSTM
Group
Year ended
Year ended
Year ended
31 July 2024
31 July 2024
31 July 2023
Number
Number
Number
The number of persons (including senior post holders) employed at 31 July each year, expressed as full-time equivalents, was :
Academic contracts
Teaching staff
10
10
10
Research staff
120
120
134
Teaching and research staff
81
81
60
Clinicians
21
21
26
Non-academic contracts
Other
588
357
575
820
589
805		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
Number
10
134
60
26
334
564

The increase in other staff in the Group largely reflects an increase in staff in CeSHHAR Zimbabwe.

Staff costs for the above persons were :
Salaries
Social security costs
Pension costs
Restructuring and redundancy costs
Accrued but untaken holiday costs
Staff costs before adjusting for pension provision costs
Pension deficit funding costs
Total staff costs		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
32,501
3,059
4,219
62
148
39,989
(20,524)
19,465		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
29,292
3,014
4,187
62
148
36,703
(20,524)
16,179		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
32,731
2,987
4,689
53
37
40,497
(1,979)
38,518		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
27,317
2,846
4,677
53
37
34,931
(1,979)
32,951

The pension provision costs represent the commitment by LSTM to fund the underlying deficit on the USS hybrid pension scheme. Under FRS 102 these amounts need to be provided for. The total provision at 31 July 2024 is £Nil following release of the full provision (2023 : £20,065,000) (see note 24) .

Salaries of the higher paid staff, excluding employer's pension contributions were within the following ranges :

Number of
Number of
Key
Other
Management
Staff
Personnel
£100,000 - £104,999
-
3
£105,000 - £109,999
-
8
£110,000 - £114,999
-
1
£115,000 - £119,999
1
3
£120,000 - £124,999
-
7
£125,000 - £129,999
-
3
£130,000 - £134,999
2
8
£135,000 - £139,999
-
1
£140,000 - £144,999
1
3
£145,000 - £149,999
1
1
£150,000 - £154,999
-
1
£155,000 - £159,999
-
2
£170,000 - £174,999
1
1
£175,000 - £179,999
1
1
£180,000 - £184,999
-
-
£190,000 - £194,999
-
1
£195,000 - £199,999
-
1
£210,000 - £214,999
-
-
£215,000 - £219,999
-
1
£220,000 - £224,999
-
-
£230,000 - £234,999
1
1
£300,000 - £304,999
-
-
£320,000 - £324,999
1
1
9
48
Group
Year ended 31 July 2024
43		 Number of
Number of
Key
Other
Management
Staff
Personnel
-
3
-
6
1
3
-
4
1
5
1
6
1
1
-
-
1
2
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
8
35
Group
Year ended 31 July 2023		 Number of
Number of
Key
Other
Management
Staff
Personnel
-
3
-
6
1
3
-
4
1
5
1
6
1
1
-
-
1
2
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
8
35
Group
Year ended 31 July 2023
35

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

12 Key Management Personnel

Key management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the school. The figures below include compensation paid to key management personnel.

Group/LSTM Group/LSTM
Year ended Year ended
31 July 2024 31 July 2023
Number Number
The number of key management personnel including the Vice Chancellor was : 9 8

Key management personnel include the Vice Chancellor. In 2022/23 all key management personnel earned a salary of over £100,000 (see salary bandings note 11). In 2023/24 there were 2 new members of KMP, taking over from 2 KMP retiring. One retiree was still in post at 31 July 2024. One new KMP joined late in the year and therefore is not included in the bandings above but their remuneration is included below for the last 3 months of the year they were in post.

Key management personnel's total emoluments were made up as follows:

Salaries
Social security costs
Pension Contributions
Total emoluments
Salaries
Social security costs
Pension Contributions
Total emoluments
Remuneration specifically for the Vice Chancellor, Prof David Lalloo is as follows :		 Group/LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,494
152
195
1,841
Group/LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
320
43
-
363		 Group/LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
1,465
196
146
1,807
Group/LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
298
41
-
339

The pension contributions of the Vice Chancellor and key management personnel are in respect of employer's contributions to the USS and NHS pension schemes and are paid at the same rate as for other employees.

The members of the Board other than the Vice Chancellor and the staff members did not receive any payment from LSTM other than the reimbursement of travel and subsistence expenses incurred in the course of their duties.

The total expenses paid to or on behalf of trustees was £6,870 (2023 : £4,010). This represents travel and subsistence expenses incurred in attending meetings and events in their official capacity.

Senior staff pay

LSTM is a world leading research institution. We benchmark our rates of pay and HR practices against the higher education sector in general, and our key comparator group is Russell Group institutions. This reflects where we need to be in order to attract and retain the most talented people in our predominantly research field, particularly against global and national competition.

The Vice Chancellor's pay is linked to a pay scale. Incremental progression is not automatic, however any pay awards are based on consideration of an individual's contribution, supported by evidence of exceptional performance. Determinations of pay for senior executive staff are made by the Remuneration Committee, the members of which are Board trustees, and which is chaired by the Chair of the Board. The remuneration Committee adopts the CUC's Higher Education Senior Staff Remuneration Code .The Committee meets annually to review LSTM's pay policy and consider any awards for LSTM's executive leadership team.

For 2023-2024, Remuneration Committee has met and considered the Vice Chancellor's pay, which included close consideration of relevant external benchmarks

44

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Median salary info

The FTE salary of the Director, expressed as a multiple of the median salary of all LSTM UK staff is 7.45 (2023 : 7.41) .

The FTE total remuneration of the Director, expressed as a multiple of the median total remuneration of all LSTM UK staff is 6.55 (2023 : 6.23).

The basis of the calculation is as follows:

All staff costs are grossed up to reflect amounts payable on a full time equivalent basis.

Total remuneration includes employer pension payments and allowances.

Salary details for atypical and agency staff have been excluded due to difficulties in obtaining the data from third parties.

Overseas activities

LSTM's business is such that a substantial amount of overseas activities are carried out by all staff, which includes senior post-holders and higher paid staff. It is not believed appropriate to account for this expenditure in a separate note.

13 Other Operating Expenditure

Projects
Research Grants and Contracts
Consultancy Contracts
Gifts in kind : Nets
Gifts in kind : Combined staff time, consumables and space
Gifts in kind : smaller items
Forward currency contracts
Premises costs
Academic and related expenditure
Administrative and central services
Other operating expenses include :
Financial statements auditor's remuneration
Financial statements audit
Taxation compliance services
Taxation advisory services
Other auditors' remuneration
Taxation compliance services
Taxation advisory services
Internal audit
Component auditors
Research grant audit services
14
Interest Payable
Loan interest		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
55,408
8,183
3,793
1,472
10
380
4,294
3,294
5,475
82,309
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
191
-
-
14
36
66
16
14
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
500
500		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
41,720
1,514
3,793
1,472
10
380
4,193
3,294
3,469
59,845
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
81
-
-
3
25
66
-
14
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
200
200		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
77,496
5,041
9,466
1,000
-
-
4,288
2,768
4,678
104,737
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
210
13
47
-
-
49
25
14
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
326
326		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
50,376
1,770
9,466
1,000
-
-
4,185
2,768
4,136
73,701
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
111
13
47
-
-
49
-
14
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
115
115

45

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

15 Taxation

Tax charge in year
Surplus before taxation
Corporation tax in LSTM Consulting USA
Surplus after taxation
16
Tangible and intangible Assets
Group
Cost or valuation
At 1 August 2023
Additions
Disposals
Write offs
Transfers to intangible assets
At 31 July 2024
Depreciation
At 1 August 2023
Charge for the year
Eliminated in respect of disposals
Write offs
Transfers to intangible assets
At 31 July 2024
Net book value at 31 July 2024
Net book value at 31 July 2023
Financed by Funding body capital grants
Financed by government capital grants
Financed by other grants and LSTM		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
4
4
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
25,028
(4)
25,024
Leasehold
Buildings
£'000
3,323
-
-
-
-
3,323
787
126
-
-
-
913
2,410
2,536
-
1,291
1,119
2,410		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
-
-
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
24,309
-
24,309
Freehold land
and buildings
£'000
79,005
4,026
-
-
(68)
82,963
16,256
1,455
-
-
-
17,711
65,252
62,749
20,640
17,506
27,106
65,252		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
4
4
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
7,774
(4)
7,770
Fixtures &
Equipment
£'000
9,531
719
(14)
(1,511)
(2,517)
6,208
6,105
1,204
(35)
(1,511)
(1,976)
3,787
2,421
3,426
-
-
2,421
2,421		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
-
-
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
6,021
-
6,021
TOTAL
£'000
91,859
4,745
(14)
(1,511)
(2,585)
92,494
23,148
2,785
(35)
(1,511)
(1,976)
22,411
70,083
68,711
20,640
18,797
30,646
70,083

46

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Intangible assets
Group
Cost or valuation
At 1 August 2023
Additions
Transfers from tangible assets
At 31 July 2024
Depreciation
At 1 August 2023
Charge for the year
Transfers from tangible assets
At 31 July 2024
Net book value at 31 July 2024
Net book value at 31 July 2023
Financed by Funding body capital grants
Financed by government capital grants
Financed by other grants and LSTM		 Software
Systems
£'000
55
2,166
2,585
4,806
2
73
1,976
2,051
2,755
53
-
-
2,755
2,755		 TOTAL
£'000
55
2,166
2,585
4,806
2
73
1,976
2,051
2,755
53
-
-
2,755
2,755

The amount for freehold land and buildings includes a value for land of £3,907,000 in LSTM and £1,650,000 in Liverpool Life Science Accelerator Limited (LLSAL) which is not depreciated.

LLSAL bought the Liverpool Life Science Accelerator building on 29 November 2022 for £15,000,000. Valuation is at cost and the building is being depreciated over 50 years

At 31 July 2024 additions to freehold land and buildings include £3,572,000 in respect of assets under construction which have not been depreciated (2023 : £158,000).

47

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Tangible assets
LSTM
Cost or valuation
At 1 August 2023
Additions
Disposals
Write offs
Transfers
At 31 July 2024
Depreciation
At 1 August 2023
Charge for the year
Eliminated in respect of disposals
Write offs
Transfers
At 31 July 2024
Net book value at 31 July 2024
Net book value at 31 July 2023
Financed by Funding body capital grants
Financed by government capital grants
Financed by other grants and LSTM
Intangible assets
LSTM
Cost or valuation
At 1 August 2023
Additions
Transfers
At 31 July 2024
Depreciation
At 1 August 2023
Charge for the year
Transfers
At 31 July 2024
Net book value at 31 July 2024
Net book value at 31 July 2023
Financed by Funding body capital grants
Financed by government capital grants
Financed by other grants and LSTM		 Leasehold
Buildings
£'000
2,971
-
-
-
-
2,971
686
119
-
-
-
805
2,166
2,285
-
1,291
875
2,166		 Freehold land
and buildings
£'000
63,575
659
-
-
(68)
64,166
16,073
1,183
-
-
-
17,256
46,910
47,502
20,640
17,506
8,764
46,910		 Fixtures &
Equipment
£'000
9,436
747
-
(1,511)
(2,517)
6,155
6,025
1,200
-
(1,511)
(1,976)
3,738
2,417
3,411
-
-
2,417
2,417
Software
Systems
£'000
-
2,166
2,585
4,751
-
68
1,976
2,044
2,707
-
-
-
2,707
2,707		 TOTAL
£'000
75,982
1,406
-
(1,511)
(2,585)
73,292
22,784
2,502
-
(1,511)
(1,976)
21,799
51,493
53,198
20,640
18,797
12,056
51,493
TOTAL
£'000
-
2,166
2,585
4,751
-
68
1,976
2,044
2,707
-
-
-
2,707
2,707

At 31 July 2024 additions to freehold land and buildings include £659,000 in respect of assets under construction which have not been depreciated (2023 : £158,000).

48

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

17 Investments in Subsidiaries

Cost at 1 August 2023/2022
Additions/(Disposals)
Cost at 31 July 2024/2023		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
54
-
54		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
126
(72)
54

LSTM owns 100% of the issued ordinary £1 shares of LSTM Consulting Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales. Its principal business activity is carrying out technical assistance on health issues in tropical countries. LSTM Consulting became dormant effective 31 August 2022. LSTM Consulting Limited has interests in the following companies and NGOs :

LSTM owns 100% of the issued ordinary £1 shares of Liverpool International Health Ventures Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales. Its principal business activity is being a vehicle to remunerate employees of fellow group companies and a holding company for the following :

LSTM owns 100% of the issued ordinary £1 shares of iiDiagnostics Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales.. iiDiagnostics Limited's principal activity is research and experimental development. Its registered office is at Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA.

LSTM is the sole member of IVCC, a company and registered charity incorporated in England and Wales. IVCC is a company limited by guarantee and holds no share capital. Its principal business activity is to carry out research into controlling vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. Its registered office is at Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA.

LSTM is the sole member of Liverpool Life Science Accelerator Limited, a company and registered charity incorporated in England and Wales. LLSAL is a company limited by guarantee and holds no share capital. Its principal business activity is the advancement of health for public benefit and advance related education. Its registered office is at Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA.

The registered office of all UK subsidiaries is : Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.

LSTM owns 99% of the issued ordinary 10 Rupee shares of Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine India Private Limited, a company incorporated in India. The company was put into liquidation in January 2022 which is expected to be complete late in 2024. The investment in India of £72,000 was fully written off in the prior year due to the closure.

LSTM also has an interest in the following, which are all NGOs : Consolidated in LSTM Group Financial Statements

Registered office : 4, Bath Road, Belgravia, Harare, Zimbabwe

Registered office : Bakuli-Mergo Road, PO Box 3341, Kampala, Uganda

18 Stock

Stock
Stock of consumables
Gift in kind treated as stock		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
97
-
97		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
-
-
-		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
84
3,701
3,785		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
9
3,701
3,710

49

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

19 Debtors : Amounts falling due within 1 year

Trade debtors
Amounts owed by subsidiary undertakings
Amounts owed by subsidiary undertakings - LLSA loan due in more
than 1 year
Balances due on research grants and contracts
Prepayments and accrued income
Forward currency contracts		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,481
-
-
18,671
2,681
937
23,770		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,225
1,860
9,000
15,902
2,001
937
30,925		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
607
-
-
19,802
1,776
1,367
23,552		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
344
817
9,000
15,405
1,516
1,367
28,449

A bad debt provision of £295,000 (2023 : £330,000) has been recognised against debtors of LSTM and the Group.

Prepayments and accruals include an amount of £14,000 (2023 : £ 166,000) in relation to an interest rate swap on the long term secured loan, held at fair value at the balance sheet date.

The intercompany loan from LSTM to LLSAL of £9m is based on an intercompany loan agreement. The loan is due in November 2027, interest is calculated daily at 1% above the Bank of England base rate.

20 Investments and Endowments

Investments and Endowments
Cost at 1 August 2023/2022
Additions
Disposals
Cost at 31 July 2024/2023
Realised loss on disposals in year
Unrealised revaluation reserve at 1 August 2023/2022
Restatement of prior year realised loss as unrealised loss
Unrealised revaluation in the year
Unrealised revaluation reserve at 31 July 2024/2023
Market value at 31 July 2024/2023
Represented by :
Fixed interest stocks (listed)
Equities (listed)
Other
Represented by :
Fellowships and scholarship funds
Prize funds
Other funds		 Group
Investments
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
30,206
111,813
(96,203)
45,817
(218)
1,608
(1,994)
1,038
652
46,251
2,668
4,049
39,534
46,251
2,668
4,049
39,534
46,251		 Group
Endowments
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
15,423
3,999
(2,846)
16,576
-
793
-
1,984
2,777
19,353
3,595
13,685
2,073
19,353
3,595
13,685
2,073
19,353		 Group
Total
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
45,629
115,812
(99,049)
62,393
(218)
2,401
(1,994)
3,022
3,429
65,604
6,263
17,734
41,607
65,604
6,263
17,734
41,607
65,604		 Group
Total
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
39,000
50,685
(43,794)
45,891
(2,474)
4,603
-
(2,202)
2,401
45,818
9,785
15,997
20,036
45,818
8,043
153
37,622
45,818

Investments include bank deposits of greater than 3 months duration of £10,236,000 (2023 : £17,576,000).

50

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

Cost at 1 August 2023/2022
Additions
Disposals
Cost at 31 July 2024/2023
Realised loss on disposals in year
Unrealised revaluation reserve at 1 August 2023/2022
Restatement of prior year realised loss as unrealised loss
Unrealised revaluation in the year
Unrealised revaluation reserve at 31 July 2024/2023
Market value at 31 July 2024/2023
Represented by :
Fixed interest stocks (listed)
Equities (listed)
Other
Represented by :
Fellowships and scholarship funds
Prize funds
Other funds		 LSTM
Investments
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
25,510
60,487
(57,011)
28,986
(218)
966
(1,570)
1,274
670
29,438
2,668
4,049
22,721
29,438
2,668
4,049
22,721
29,438		 LSTM
Endowments
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
15,423
3,999
(2,846)
16,576
-
793
1,984
2,777
19,353
3,595
13,685
2,073
19,353
3,595
13,685
2,073
19,353		 LSTM
Total
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
40,933
64,486
(59,857)
45,562
(218)
1,759
(1,570)
3,258
3,447
48,791
6,263
17,734
24,794
48,791
6,263
17,734
24,794
48,791		 LSTM
Total
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
26,815
50,685
(36,567)
40,933
(1,570)
3,898
-
(2,139)
1,759
41,122
9,608
15,997
15,517
41,122
8,043
153
32,926
41,122

Investments include bank deposits of greater than 3 months duration of £10,236,000 (2023 : £13,056,000).

21 Creditors : Amounts falling due within 1 year

Unexpended balances of research grants and contracts
Trade creditors
Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings
Other taxation and social security
Holiday accrual
Accruals and deferred income
Forward currency contracts
Unsecured loan
Short term element of secured loan
Short term element of deferred capital grants (note 25)		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
37,607
1,175
-
931
633
9,203
16
4,000
200
871
54,636		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
25,001
535
-
911
633
3,240
12
4,000
-
871
35,203		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
42,262
759
-
876
485
14,497
83
4,000
200
737
63,899		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
32,994
236
-
843
485
8,626
61
4,000
-
737
47,982

51

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

22 Creditors : Amounts falling due after 1 year

Long term element of deferred capital grants (note 25)
Long term element of secured loan
Analysis of loans
Unsecured loans
Due within 1 year or on demand (note 21)
Secured loans
Due within 1 year or on demand (note 21)
Due between one and two years
Due betweeen two and five years
Total due after more than one year
The unsecured and secured loan facilities comprise :
Unsecured loan with HSBC private bank
Secured loan with HSBC commerical bank		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
38,330
5,500
43,830
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
4,000
200
200
5,300
5,700
9,700
4,000
5,700
9,700		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
38,330
-
38,330
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
4,000
-
-
-
-
4,000
4,000
-
4,000		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
32,427
5,700
38,127
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
4,000
200
200
5,500
5,900
9,900
Maturity
on demand
2027		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
32,427
-
32,427
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
4,000
-
-
-
-
4,000
Borrower
LSTM
LLSA Limited

The LSTM loan with HSBC private bank is an on demand loan. There is no security held for this loan but HSBC does have defacto security due to LSTM holding investments greater than this loan value with HSBC. Interest is calculated daily and equals a margin above the HSBC base rate which is applied to private banking clients. Interest is paid quarterly.

The LLSAL loan with HSBC commerical bank is a 5 year loan. There is a covenant in place with 4 covenant requirements needing to be met each quarter. Capital repayments are fixed at £50,000 per quarter. The interest rate is calculated daily as the % rate p.a which is the aggregate of the margin and compounded reference rate for that day. Interest is paid quarterly. LLSAL has also entered into an interest rate swap with the agreement of HSBC to hedge against the movement in interest rates. The unrealised loss on the interest rate swap at 31 July 2024 (2023 : unrealised gain) is reflected in income in LLSAL and the consolidated financial statements. The loan is secured against the LLSA property

LSTM has provided a guarantee to HSBC for the £5,700,000 loan which LLSA holds with HSBC commercial bank.

23 Pension Deficit Provision

Pension Deficit Provision
Group/LSTM
USS
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
At 31 July 2022 21,383
Decrease in provision during the year (staff costs, see note 11) (1,979)
Increase in provision during the year (interest costs) 661
Total decrease in provision during the year (1,318)
At 31 July 2023 20,065
Decrease in provision during the year (staff costs, see note 11) (20,524)
Increase in provision during the year (interest costs) 459
Total decrease in provision during the year (20,065)
At 31 July 2024 52 -

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

The obligation to fund the past deficit on the Universities Superannuation Scheme (USS) arose from the contractual obligation with the USS to fund deficit payments in accordance with the deficit recovery plan. Following the 2023 valuation the scheme is in surplus and the provision has been fully released

24 Other Provisions

Other Provisions
At 31 July 2022
Net movement of provisions in the year
At 31 July 2023
Net movement of provisions in the year
At 31 July 2024		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
3,941
292
4,233
(1,225)
3,008		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
3,941
868
4,809
(475)
4,334

Other provisions comprise primarily provisions for issues in meeting project deliverables on research grants of £2,227,000 (2023 : £3,316,000), provisions for costs relating to the Liverpool Life Sciences Accelerator (LLSA) research space of £682,000 (2023 : £512,000), A provision for additional costs for the Creator building in Malawi of £675,000 (2023 : £ Nil) and in LSTM only a provision for the negative assets for the subsidiary intellectual property company and Well Travelled Company of £750,000 (2023 : £576,000).

Information regarding settlement of the amounts provided for research grants and LLSA is anticipated in the next year.

25 Deferred Capital Grants

Group/LSTM
Group/LSTM
Funding Council
Other Funding
Year ended
Year ended
31 July 2024
31 July 2024
£'000
£'000
At 1 August 2023
Buildings
12,351
20,299
Equipment
514
-
Cash received
Buildings
8,357
-
Equipment
-
-
Released to Statement of comprehensive income
Buildings
(228)
(1,500)
Equipment
(592)
-
At 31 July 2024
20,402
18,799
Deferred capital grants are shown in Creditors and are split between Creditors : < 1 year and Creditors : > 1 year as
Creditors < 1 year
Creditors > 1 year
At 1 August 2022
Buildings
8,760
21,840
Equipment
947
-
Cash received
Buildings
3,780
491
Equipment
179
-
Released to Statement of comprehensive income
Buildings
(188)
(2,032)
Equipment
(613)
-
At 31 July 2023
12,865
20,299		 Group/LSTM
TOTAL
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
32,650
514
8,357
-
(1,728)
(592)
39,201
follows :
871
38,330
39,201
30,600
947
4,271
179
(2,220)
(613)
33,164

Deferred capital grants are shown in Creditors and are split between Creditors : < 1 year and Creditors : > 1 year as follows :

Creditors < 1 year Creditors > 1 year

737 32,427

53

33,164

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

26 Endowment Reserves

Endowment Reserves
At 1 August 2023
- Capital value
- Accumulated income
- TOTAL
Reclassification between restricted and unrestricted
Appreciation of endowment assets investments (realised)
Appreciation of endowment assets investments (unrealised)
Income for the year
Transferred to statement of comprehensive income
At 31 July 2024
- Capital value
- Accumulated income
- TOTAL
Representing :
Fellowship and scholarship funds
Prize funds
Other funds
Investments
Cash relating to endowments
Reserves
At 1 August 2022
- Capital value
- Accumulated income
- TOTAL
Reclassification between restricted and unrestricted
Drawdown of endowment capital
Appreciation of endowment assets investments (realised)
Appreciation of endowment assets investments (unrealised)
Income for the year
Transferred to statement of comprehensive income
Retained in reserves
Capital expenditure
At 31 July 2023
- Capital value
- Accumulated income
- TOTAL
Representing :
Fellowship and scholarship funds
Prize funds
Other funds
Investments
Cash relating to endowments
Reserves		 Group/LSTM
Group/LSTM
Restricted
Unrestricted
Year ended
Year ended
31 July 2024
31 July 2024
£'000
£'000
7,540
8,012
74
202
7,614
8,214
-
-
464
227
943
398
170
-
(138)
-
8,948
8,839
105
-
9,053
8,839
8,390
-
169
-
494
8,839
9,053
8,839
103
1,152
9,156
9,991
Year ended
Year ended
31 July 2023
31 July 2023
£'000
£'000
7,412
7,499
73
202
7,485
7,701
(107)
107
-
-
675
1,437
(647)
(1,031)
136
53
(10)
(53)
81
-
-
-
7,540
8,012
74
202
7,614
8,214
7,025
-
153
-
436
8,214
7,614
8,214
402
1,315
8,016
9,529
Permanent endowments		 Group/LSTM
Expendable
Restricted
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
370
18
388
-
-
-
10
(42)
356
-
356
356
-
-
356
-
356
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
576
18
594
-
-
-
8
(216)
2
-
370
18
388
388
-
-
388
-
388		 Group/LSTM
TOTAL
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
15,922
294
16,216
-
691
1,341
180
(180)
18,143
105
18,248
8,746
169
9,333
18,248
1,255
19,503
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
15,487
293
15,779
-
-
2,112
(1,678)
197
(279)
83
-
15,922
294
16,216
7,413
153
8,650
16,216
1,717
17,933

54

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

27 Restricted General Reserve

Restricted General Reserve
At 31 July 2022
Surplus from Statement of comprehensive income
At 31 July 2023
Surplus from Statement of comprehensive income
At 31 July 2024		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
10,603
1,270
11,873
103
11,976		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
643
(56)
587
37
624

The reserves of IVCC, LLSA and CeSHHAR Zimbabwe are considered to be restricted due to their status as charities/Private voluntary organisations (PVOs) and their objects being narrower than those of the group. In addition, at 31 July 2024 donations where there is a restriction over how they are used were transferred to this reserve from the general reserve.

28 Financial Instruments

The carrying value of the Group and LSTM's financial assets and liabilities are summarised by category below :

Financial assets
Financial assets that are debt instruments measured at amortised
cost :
Trade, research and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Financial assets at fair value through surplus or deficit :
Listed investments and endowments
Forward currency contracts
Interest rate swap
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost
Trade, research and other payables and accruals
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through surplus or deficit
Forward currency contracts		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
20,934
19,870
65,604
937
13
107,358
46,848
16
46,864		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
19,938
12,300
48,791
937
-
81,966
27,748
12
27,760		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
20,942
40,081
45,818
1,367
166
108,374
56,752
83
56,835		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
17,305
22,843
41,122
1,367
-
82,637
41,197
61
41,258

Cash flows on both the US dollar and Euro research income and the foreign currency forward contracts are at regular intervals, and are based on predicted project related cash flows. The forward contracts had a mark to market valuation as at 31 July 2024 amounting to an asset of £921,000 (2023 : £1,284,000 liability). During 2023/24 a loss of £362,000 was recognised in income for the year (2023 : a gain of £1,733,000).

The foreign currency forward contracts are not traded in active markets. These have been fair valued using observable forward exchange rates corresponding to the maturity of the contracts.

55

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

The Group's income, expense, gains and losses in respect of financial instruments are summarised below :

Financial assets
Fair value gains and (losses)
Cash and Cash Equivalents
At 1 August 2023
Cashflows
At 31 July 2024
Total interest income for financial assets at amortised cost
On financial assets measured at fair value through income and
expenditure		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
2,380
(362)
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
40,081
(20,211)
19,870		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,655
(380)
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
22,843
(10,543)
12,300		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
479
1,733		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
479
1,623

29 Cash and Cash Equivalents

30 Pension and similar obligations

LSTM and the Group's employees belong to two principal pension schemes, the Universities Superannuation Scheme (USS) and University of Liverpool Pension Fund (ULPF) although a small number of staff belong to the National Health Service Superannuation Scheme (NHSSS) and WTC Pension scheme. All schemes apart from the WTC scheme are defined benefit schemes, which are externally funded and contracted out of the State EarningsRelated Pension Scheme.

The defined benefit funds are normally valued every three years by a professionally qualified independent actuary using the projected unit method, the rates of contribution payable being determined by each fund's trustee on the advice of the actuary. In the intervening years the actuary reviews the progress of the scheme. Pension costs are assessed in accordance with the advice of the actuary, based on the latest actuarial valuation of the scheme, and are accounted for on the basis of charging the cost of providing pensions over the period during which the institution benefits from the employee's services. The total group pension cost for the year was £4,349,000 (2023 : £4,689,000).

Universities Superannuation Scheme (USS)

LSTM participates in the Universities Superannuation Scheme. The scheme is a hybrid pension scheme, providing defined benefits (for all members), as well as defined contribution benefits. The assets of the scheme are held in a separate trustee-administered fund. Because of the mutual nature of the scheme, the assets are not attributed to individual institutions and a scheme-wide contribution rate is set. LSTM is therefore exposed to actuarial risks associated with other institutions' employees and is unable to identify its share of the underlying assets and liabilities of the scheme on a consistent and reasonable basis. As required by Section 28 of FRS 102 "Employee benefits", LSTM therefore accounts for the scheme as if it were a wholly defined contribution scheme. As a result, the amount charged to the statement of comprehensive income represents the contributions payable to the scheme. Since LSTM has entered into an agreement (the recovery plan) that determines how each employer within the scheme will fund the overall deficit, LSTM recognises a liability for the contributions payable that arise from the agreement (to the extent that they relate to the deficit) and therefore an expense is recognised.

The total contributions charged to the Statement of comprehensive income is £3,992,000 (2023 : £4,568,000).

Deficit recovery contributions due within one year are £Nil following full release of the USS pension provision in the year (2023 : £1,346,000).

A deficit recovery plan was put in place as part of the 2020 valuation, which required payment of 6.2% of salaries over the period 1 April 2022 until 31 March 2024, at which point the rate would increase to 6.3%. As set out in Note --, no deficit recovery plan was required under the 2023 valuation because the scheme was in surplus on a technical provisions basis. The institution was no longer required to make deficit recovery contributions from 1 January 2024 and accordingly released the outstanding provision to the profit and loss account.

The latest available completed actuarial valuation of the USS Retirement Income Builder (defined benefit) is at 31 March 2023 (the valuation date), which was carried out using the projected unit method.

Since the institution cannot identify its share of USS Retirement Income Builder (defined benefit) assets and liabilities, the following disclosures reflect those relevant for those assets and liabilities as a whole.

56

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

The 2020 valuation was the seventh valuation for the scheme under the scheme-specific funding regime introduced by the Pensions Act 2004, which requires schemes to have sufficient and appropriate assets to cover their technical provisions (the statutory funding objective). At the valuation date, the value of the assets of the scheme was £73.1 billion, and the value of the scheme's technical provisions was £65.7 billion indicating a shortfall of £7.4 billion and a funding ratio of 111%.

The key financial assumptions used in the 2023 valuation are described below. More detail is set out in the Statement of Funding Principals (uss.co.uk/about-us/valuation-and-funding/statement-of-funding-principles) .

CPI assumption

Term dependent rates in line with the difference between the fixed interest and index linked yield curves, less 1.1% p.a to 2030, reducing linearly by 0.1% p.a to a long term difference of 0.1% from 2040. Pension increases (subject to a floor of 0%) Benefits with no cap : CPI assumption +3bps

Benefits subject to a “soft cap” of 5% (providing inflationary increases up to 5%, and half of any excess inflation over 5% up to a maximum of 10%): CPI assumption minus 3bps Discount rate (forward rates) Fixed interest gilt yield curve plus : Pre-retirement : 2.5% Post-retirement : 0.9%

The main demographic assumption used relates to the mortality assumptions. These assumptions are based on analysis of the scheme's experience carried out as part of the 2023 actuarial valuation. The mortality assumptions used in these figures are as follows:

2023 Valuation

Mortality base table 101% of S2PMA "light" for males and 95% of S3PFA for females
Future improvements to mortality CMI_2021 with a smoothing parameter of 7.5, an initial addition of 0.4%
p.a and a long term improvement rate of 1.8% p.a for males and 1.6% p.a.
for females

The current life expectancies on retirement at age 65 are :

The current life expectancies on retirement at age 65 are :
2024 2023
Males currently aged 65 (years) 23.7 24.0
Females currently aged 65 (years) 25.6 25.6
Males currently aged 45 (years) 25.4 26.0
Females currently aged 45 (years) 27.2 27.4

University of Liverpool Pension Fund (ULPF)

LSTM participates in the University of Liverpool Pension Fund (ULPF), a defined benefit scheme in the UK. The final salary section of the Fund is closed to new entrants with effect from 31 July 2011 and from 1 August 2011 new members are eligible to join the CARE section of the Fund. A full actuarial valuation was carried out at 31 July 2021.

The contributions made by the employer over the period have been £113,000 (2023 : £167,000). The employer currently pays contributions at the rate of 16% of pensionable pay. Member contributions are payable in addition at the rate of 7.5% of pensionable pay for Final Salary members and 6.5% of pensionable pay for CARE members.

57

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

The assumptions which have the most significant effect on the result of the valuation are those relating to the rate of return on investments (i.e. the valuation rate of interest) and the rates of increase in salary and pensions. In relation to the past service liabilities the financial assumptions were derived from market yields prevailing at the valuation date. It was assumed that the discount rate would be 4.90% per annum (2023 : 5.15%) and salary increases would be 3.05% per annum (2023 : 3.05%). The valuation was carried out using the projected unit method.

At the valuation date the market value of the assets of the scheme was £570.5m (2023 : £620.9m) and the value of the past service liabilities was £380.3m (2023 : £461.3m) leaving a surplus of £190.2m (2023 : £159.6m).

There was a total of 27 LSTM active members in this scheme at 31 July 2024.

National Health Service Superannuation Scheme (NHSSS)

LSTM participates in the National Health Service Superannuation Scheme (NHSSS), a defined benefit scheme which is a statutory, unfunded, multi employer, defined benefit scheme in which LSTM is unable to identify its share of the underlying liabilities and assets and is accounted for on a contributions basis.

The contributions made by the employer over the financial year have been £306,000 (2023 : £310,000), equivalent to 14.38% of pensionable salaries.

There were a total of 40 LSTM active members in this scheme at 31 July 2024 (2023 : 35).

31 Contingent Liability

A composite cross guarantee structure exists between Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, IVCC, Well Travelled Clinics Limited, Liverpool International Health Ventures Limited, Liverpool International Health I.P. Limited, LSTM Consulting Limited, iiDiagnostics Limited and Liverpool Life Sciences Accelerator Limited in respect of bank overdrafts. The aggregate amount outstanding under this agreement at the balance sheet date was £4,413,792 (2023: £1,308,547).

32 Operating Lease Commitments

Amounts due in less than one year
Amounts due between one and five years
Amounts due after 5 years		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
38
19
-
57		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
1,021
2,145
6,427
9,593		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
68
29
-
97		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
1,018
3,147
6,978
11,143

Operating Lease commitments in LSTM at 31 July 2024 reflect leases with subsidiary Liverpool Life Science Accelerator Limited (LLSA) for rental space in the Liverpool Life Science Accelerator building owned by LLSA.

33 Capital Commitments

Building capital works - Mary Kingsley building renovations
Building capital works - Human Challenge Facility		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
4,359
2,410
6,769		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
4,359
-
4,359		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
-
-
-		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
-
-
-

34 Related Party Transactions

The Group has taken advantage of the exemptions included in FRS 102 section 33 in not disclosing the transactions with other group companies as all such transactions have been eliminated on consolidating the group results for the year.

Due to the nature of LSTM's operations and the composition of the Board of Trustees (being drawn from local public and private sector organisations), it is inevitable that transactions will take place with organisations in which a member of the Board may have an interest. All transactions involving an organisation in which a member of the Board may have an interest are conducted at arm's length and in accordance with LSTM's financial regulations and normal procurement procedures.

58

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Financial Statements for year ended 31 July 2024

35 Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) Funding (Formerly DFID)

Included within UK central government and other bodies income (note 7) and implementation research consultancy income (note 8) are the following DFID funded research projects, together with their income for the year :

Sustainable Insecticides for Public Health
LIGHT RPC
ReBuild
READ-It
Reducing Maternal and Neonatal Deaths in Kenya
TDDAP
ACRC Foundation
SEMI : Essential services for maternal and child health programme in
DRC
K4D		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
6,072
1,750
1,565
732
-
-
82
-
-
10,201		 Restated
Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
5,248
1,122
1,100
750
176
94
37
27
7
8,561

36 Lifearc

In 2022/23 LSTM was awarded £2.7m funding from LifeArc relating to the LifeArc Translational Development Funds for 33 months, starting July 23. Funding in the year to 31 July 2024 was £143,000

37 Consolidated Reconciliation of Net Funds

Net funds 1 August 2023
Movement in cash and cash equivalents
Other non-cash changes
Net funds 31 July 2024
Change in net funds
Analysis of net funds :
Cash and cash equivalents
Borrowings: amounts falling due within one year
Forward contracts
Net funds/(debt)		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
41,365
(20,211)
(363)
20,791
(20,574)
Group
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
19,870
(921)
(921)
-
20,791		 Group
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
40,081
(1,284)
(1,284)
-
41,365		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
24,149
(135)
(10,789)
13,225
(10,924)
LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2024
£'000
12,300
(925)
(925)
-
13,225		 LSTM
Year ended
31 July 2023
£'000
22,843
(1,306)
(1,306)
-
24,149

59