## **The British Association for the Advancement of Science**
## _Trading as_ **The British Science Association (BSA)**
**Trustees’ Annual Report** 1 April 2021 to 31 March 2022
Charity registration number: 212479 Scotland charity registration number: SC039236
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**Summary**
2021/22 was the first year of our new three-year business plan, which also saw the British Science Association (BSA) launch our ambitious new vision, mission and strategic goals for the next ten years, leading up to the organisation’s bicentenary in 2031.
During the period of this report, the BSA has experienced several changes within Council and its Senior Management Team. We are delighted to welcome Hilary Newiss as our new Chair and Hannah Russell as our new Chief Executive Officer.
The BSA is extremely grateful to Gisela Abbam (Chair), Katherine Mathieson (CEO) and other outgoing Trustees and members of staff for their outstanding service. The BSA extends its thanks and warmest wishes for their future careers.
## _Our purpose_
**We want a future where science is more relevant, representative, and connected to society**
Science is more than a body of research, people working in a lab or even the wider industry that surrounds that. It’s also a way of asking questions, making decisions, and understanding the world. Science is a tool that everyone in the UK could and should be able to use. In fact, for us to grow as a society, it’s essential that they do.
The BSA helps to make all aspects of science more relevant, more representative, and more connected to everyday life.
_Our mission_
**Let’s break down barriers…**
The science sector has many structural and system-wide barriers that it’s time to remove. In particular, we’re working with business leaders, policy makers, scientists, community leaders, teachers, and many others to say goodbye to the old stereotypes of who a scientist ‘should be’. With their help, we’re bringing more voices into the conversation, to help more people see science (in all its forms) as a relevant part of their lives.
_Our vision_ **…So good ideas can thrive**
The UK is bursting with potential. We’re unlocking it. And we won’t stop until people and communities who’ve typically been overlooked by science can confidently play their part.
We’re striving for a future where everyone is represented and has their voice heard on the issues that matter to them. So, science goes beyond being a lesson at school and becomes a way of thinking and making decisions – about looking after your health, protecting the planet and choosing and using new technology.
In that future, everyone has the potential to contribute, whether it’s through the ideas they engage with, the jobs they do or the lifestyles they lead.
In that future, scientists understand and include different perspectives, help more communities, and make even more breakthroughs.
In that future, society shapes science. And society is all the stronger for it.
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## Section One: Objectives and Achievements
Our ten-year objectives are:
A) For more people, especially those from currently underrepresented groups, to feel that science is relevant to their lives
- **Provide engagement** activities that effectively **reach and engage underserved audiences** with science and use these activities to **understand** and **disseminate** good practice.
- **Enrich** young people’s experience of science in a way that encourages more of them to see science as **relevant** to their lives and to **study/work** in science.
- Partner with **communities** to enable them to **conduct, influence or apply** science/research e.g. involvement in discussions about emerging technologies, decisions on research funding priorities, citizen science.
B) For more people, especially those from currently underrepresented groups, to play a bigger role, have a more powerful voice, and build stronger relationships in/with the STEM sector
- **Amplify** the ‘missing voices’ in science to champion those whose voices are often overlooked in science-based conversations.
- Set up **participatory structures** to facilitate dialogue, foster mutual understanding and transfer power between communities and science/research professionals.
- Enable **collaboration and dialogue** to improve the way science is applied and used among business, policy and third sectors.
- C) To build the capacity of the BSA and the science/research engagement sector to:
- Understand and **address structural inequalities** in science engagement.
- Advocate for the adoption of a more **participatory** and transformative form of science engagement.
- Improve the BSA’s/sector’s **diversity** and **inclusivity** .
What follows is an overview of the key achievements for our main projects and programmes under each of these three strategic objectives, for the period April 2021 to March 2022.
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## Strategic objective A
For more people, especially those from currently underrepresented groups, to feel that science is relevant to their lives
## **British Science Festival**
_Annual five-day celebration of the people, stories and ideas at the heart of science, hosted by a different city each September._
Following the Festival’s postponement in September 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we held a successful British Science Festival, from 7 – 11 September 2021, hosted by Anglia Ruskin University in Chelmsford. With over 100 (131) free events, including the world premiere of an evening outdoors immersive experience (BODY by Walk the Plank), it was the most ambitious science festival held in-person since the advent of the pandemic. A small number of events (less than 10%) had to be cancelled due to speaker unavailability, but otherwise there was very little COVID-related disruption during the Festival.
The Festival involved 166 speakers and facilitators. 62% of Festival speakers identified as a ‘Woman’; 32% as a ‘Man’ and the remainder preferred to self-describe or not to say.
We achieved 9,249 engagements with events and digital content. In addition to the pandemic’s impact on audience appetite for large-scale in-person events, many venues were at 50% capacity to allow for social distancing, which affected our total footfall (our prepandemic target was 10,000 – 15,000).
60% of Festival attendees were local (Chelmsford postcode) and Festival audiences were more diverse than the local and regional population. 93% of respondents rated Festival events as excellent or good; 91% were more likely to look out for and attend science events and activities in the future; 84% were more aware of current scientific research and 72% felt more interested in science after attending a Festival event.
We also achieved some excellent national and local media coverage, in the lead up to and during the Festival, and saw great engagement on social media – over 10 million opportunities to see or hear about the Festival, 1.4 million impressions via organic social media content and an additional 1.1 million impressions via paid content.
## **British Science Week**
_An annual grassroots celebration of science with events and activities taking place in schools, local community groups and national cultural institutions across the UK. As well as free resources (schools’ activity packs, marketing resources) and opportunities for the public to engage in the Week, we provide ‘micro grants’ to schools and community groups to enable them to participate. British Science Week 2022 took place between 11 and 20 March_ .
The Kick Start grants programme for schools was over subscribed again this year; we received 1,049 applications for 222 grants. Kick Start-funded activities reached an estimated 68,580 students with almost a third of these from Black, Asian or Minority Ethnic backgrounds.
We reached an estimated 4,700 people through British Science Week Community grantfunded activities (91 grants, from 222 applications), with 82% reporting an increase in their interest in science as a result of participating.
This year we added a new Activity Pack, a Community Pack, in addition to the Early Years, Primary and Secondary packs. In total, the packs were downloaded 101,121 times between their publication in January 2022 and the end of March 2022. In addition, 103,970 students
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took part in our poster competition (a huge increase in participation compared with the two pandemic-affected previous years).
We created 14 new profiles for our Smashing Stereotypes campaign, which aims to showcase diverse role models who work in STEM careers. We commissioned new photography and also created some video profiles for the first time. The webpage received 52,000 page views.
Case study:
Pearce Jarrett studied economics at university, but later found his true passion in machine learning and expanding the possibilities of technology through attending online courses and working YouTube videos on Artificial Intelligence and data science. He is the founder of Gwaan, an AI-powered personal training app.
“ _Typically in the media, there is a focus on young, Black men mentioned in news stories in relation to knife crime. By naming my company Gwaan – patois for “Go on!”, I wanted people to subconsciously connect my Afro-Caribbean culture, and being a young, Black man myself to something that empowers people to pursue their goals, and to foster a better-connected community through fitness_ .” _Pearce Jarrett_
Pearce was featured on BBC News during British Science Week, speaking to children in a South London primary school about his #SmashingStereotypes story.
The expansion of our Smashing Stereotypes campaign was enabled by new sponsors, MSD and Thales, and renewed sponsorship from 3M, who have supported the campaign since its launch in British Science Week 2020. British Science Week is supported by UKRI.
## **CREST Awards**
_The BSA’s flagship education programme, which inspires young people to think and behave like scientists and engineers. CREST recognises young people’s achievement in STEM project work and is available at a range of levels to suit students aged 5 to 19._
We have seen participation in CREST Awards recover well this Financial Year (over double the number of Awards versus the previous year), despite some continued disruption to schools due to the pandemic. The total number of CREST Award submissions between April 2021 and March 2022 was 46,672.
We ran several events for teachers, educators and professionals working in STEM education and outreach, including:
- A virtual conference for teachers in our Underrepresented Audiences network for over 50 teachers over a two-week period.
- A virtual ‘STEM in Education’ evening, with over 70 attendees. Speakers included Sir John Holman and the Independent Research in Schools group.
- A blended conference for our Regional Support Organisations, with the majority attending in-person, and some dialling into the event.
We released a resource, _Investigative practical science in the curriculum: making it happen_ , to support and promote the running of CREST in the secondary curriculum.
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Case study:
James Allen, Head of Biology at Helston Community College, helped pilot the curriculum guide by using CREST Awards in practical lessons with his A-level biology students.
“ _It was really good, it helped them with their investigation and critical thinking skills, which is not only important for them to be good scientists but that is tested in the exams, so it stood them in really good stead for their examinations_ .
“ _The top tips section [of the guide] is really useful for secondary teachers, giving step-bystep advice – it’s far simpler than you think. Try to get them to do some preliminary work. Students don’t normally get the opportunity to do that, and it will help them refine and develop their method and become more independent as they move through their project_ .”
The secondary curriculum guide was supported by the Gatsby Charitable Foundation. CREST Awards are supported by UKRI. The Welsh Government funds free CREST Awards for students in Wales. We are continuing our progress with international partnerships; we have renewed our agreement with our partner in Vietnam and are working with Pearson China on a future three-year partnership.
## **CREST for Underrepresented Audiences**
_Supporting schools in challenging circumstances, and those working with students from backgrounds who are underrepresented in science._
With support from UKRI, we awarded 106 ‘URA grants’ to schools to support their students to participate in CREST, compared with our target of 91 for the year.
Our Underrepresented Audiences teacher network now has over 1,000 members; around a third are primary, one third secondary and the final third SEND schools.
We have trained and matched eight experienced CREST teacher buddies with 26 teachers new to CREST in schools in challenging circumstances.
## Strategic Objective B
For more people, especially those from currently underrepresented groups, to play a bigger role, have a more powerful voice, and build stronger relationships in/with the STEM sector
## **Community Engagement Programmes**
We published a Community Engagement showcase report in July 2021, looking at the impact of our Community Engagement programmes over the last six years, showcasing our work through the inspiring stories of participants and stakeholders.
## **Community Leaders**
_A UKRI-funded programme that harnesses the passion and ideas of individuals who work with underserved audiences and enhance their skills to enable them to become leaders in science engagement in their communities._
We recruited a new (our fourth) cohort of Community Leaders in the summer. Drawn from across the UK, our Leaders have a range of experiences working with underrepresented audiences in science including running community gardens, supporting young people with visual impairments, empowering women and children from minoritised communities, and supporting multi-faith organisations. Across the year, Leaders attended a number of training
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and networking sessions, and prepared projects to take place during British Science Week in March 2022.
## **Community Buddies**
_This UKRI-funded programme is designed to address a need identified by Community Leaders who felt they had little access to researchers; looking for science role models that live locally who they can build into their engagement activities._
This year we have been supporting 11 pairs of Community Leaders and researcher buddies. Building on the pilot year (2020-2021) we have continued to explore approaches to create strong community and researcher relationships using community organising practices of ‘ ’ People before Programme , a relational approach where the goal is to build a relationship before developing a project. The training was hosted by the BSA community engagement team with input from Citizen’s UK and Imperial College London.
As an extension to the programme this year, we offered grants to some of last year’s cohort of buddy pairs to enable them to co-create a project which responds to a local need and benefits the local community. The project ideas have been developed as a result of the ongoing relationship developed between the pairs and we were able to fund seven projects.
Case study:
Community leader Mohammed Rahman, Wardleworth Community Centre/Rochdale Science Initiative working in partnership with researcher Claire Garside, University of Leeds will design a series of workshops to inspire Muslim youths and elders from the community to feel proud of their own STEM heritage. Participants will research Muslim scientists aided by Claire’s research into Al Khawarizmi, a 9th century mathematician to whom the origins of algebra and algorithm is ascribed to.
## **Highlands and Islands COP 26 Grant Programme**
_As a legacy of the UK hosting COP26 in Glasgow in November, we launched a new UKRIfunded community grant scheme to support communities based in the Highlands and Islands to run a project or activity with a researcher which benefits and explores climate change issues that matter to their communities._
We received 33 applications from diverse Highland and Island community organisations wishing to address grass roots climate change; 24 were totally new to engaging with research and nine already working with a researcher. Applications received for projects cover a range of topics addressing local resilience and adaptation to the effects of climate change including: food waste reduction, composting and waste management, sustainable transport and fuel poverty, impact of land use, carbon impact indicators, behaviour change and feasibility studies and conservation/biodiversity projects including coastal erosion, habitat and species preservation.
While we were only able to fund ten projects, in keeping with the development ethos of the grant, our stakeholder group (which we formed to disseminate the grant opportunity) will help signpost unsuccessful applicants to further advice, opportunities and support. The successful community groups are being matched with researchers.
**Community-led research pilot programme** _Exploring an approach to more equitable, community-driven research._
Supported by UKRI, we have designed a new UKRI-funded community engagement pilot programme to explore more equitable, community-driven research – where community groups decide the research questions they would like to explore, working with early career researchers.
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The first stage has been to design the criteria for the geographical location, a lead University research partner and community partners. We will be reviewing a shortlist of locations and selecting a University partner to move forward with later in the spring.
## **For Thought**
_A thought leadership programme which gives leaders from business, policy, science and civil society a platform to address current and future scientific and social challenges._
Our first _For Thought_ report entitled ‘Build Better: What can be learned from the COVID-19 pandemic to construct a resilient, innovative and prosperous future for all? _’_ was developed using the discussions at our virtual roundtables and online panel events held last Financial Year (January – March 2021) and launched at the _For Thought_ Summit on 16 June.
The virtual Summit brought together over 120 C-suite leaders in business, policy, science & research and civil society, and the report launched three recommendations:
1. Put future generations at the heart of our institutional and systems decision-making
2. Share benefits of research and innovation across different communities
3. Create a long-term leadership coalition to deliver the UK’s Net Zero ambition.
We held a virtual _For Thought_ event for stakeholders during the British Science Festival in September 2021 on ‘Creating environmental prosperity, but for who?’ and, in partnership with Lloyd’s Register Foundation, undertook a further strand of work on the public understanding of risk. This included publishing a set of ‘new relationship with risk’ principles, introduced at an online event in December 2021.
## **Future Forum**
_Empowering young people to share their views on cutting-edge innovations that will affect their futures._
This year, we ran a Future Forum on the topic of AI in society in partnership with the Alan Turing Institute. The Institute was interested in involving young people in decision-making on science and research priorities; the recommendations from our Future Forum participants will inform their future strategy, alongside the views of other stakeholders.
We delivered a national survey exploring young people’s understanding and views on AI technologies, and four online workshops with a demographically representative group of 14to-19-year-olds. Prior to the workshops, we ran an equity training session for researchers from the Alan Turing Institute who would be participating in the youth voice sessions.
We found that young people were engaged with the topic of AI technologies; were particularly interested in where it intersected with their own environments (social media, gaming, entertainment, shopping); and that they were interested in the broader, more outward-looking challenges and opportunities that AI can help address, such as health (in particular mental heath was considered a priority topic) and climate change.
## **The Ideas Fund**
_A grants programme run by the BSA and funded by Wellcome, which enables communities to work with researchers to develop and try out ideas that address problems related to mental wellbeing._
Our first application deadline for The Ideas Fund was in May 2021; we were pleased to receive a total of 146 proposals from across our target areas of Hull, Oldham, North West Northern Ireland, and the Highlands & Islands of Scotland. These were fairly evenly split between early stage ideas (up to £25,000: 75 applications received) and proposals for more developed projects (around £90,000: 71 applications received), and across a huge variety of themes.
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Of these, we funded 42 applications, with a total value of £1.6m. We took a participatory approach to the grant decisions, with a panel comprising experts in public engagement and mental wellbeing, alongside members of the local community from each of our four areas. Projects were assessed on the clarity of their plans around relationship building between communities and researchers; the skills and motivations of communities to engage with mental wellbeing research; and the skills and motivation of researchers to engage communities and make their health research more people-centred.
The Fund has a particular interest in identifying ideas that are community-led and those from groups that have traditionally received less of this type of funding, such as rural or minority ethnic communities, or other communities who have been overlooked in the past. Our portfolio of projects broadly meets this ambition, with a huge range of project ideas and themes being funded, and a variety of different roles for researchers being explored. We have received our first monitoring reports from the initial cohort of projects, and have published information about the applicants and stories from the funded projects on The Ideas Fund website.
We also worked with eight unsuccessful applicants from the first round in supporting them through an ‘incubator’ process, to further develop their ideas before inviting them to resubmit their application. As well as enabling us to complement the existing portfolio by bringing a selection of additional projects forward, this also gave us the opportunity to learn whether a more supported application journey ultimately leads to stronger proposals. Seven of these proposals were funded, and learning from the process will directly inform our approach to future funding rounds.
Case study:
One successful project will be delivered by The Proud Trust in Oldham, who have been awarded £24k for a project which introduces young people from the LGBT+ community to the impact of food choices and food consumption on mental wellbeing.
Researchers will host a number of sessions with the young people, sharing evidence as to how food can impact the brain. This will then lead on to the creation of recipes that take account of this learning, and the opportunity for learning how to cook as a fun skill to gain. It is envisaged that the project will increase researchers’ confidence in engaging with young people from this community, whilst also serving to improve the wellbeing of the young people themselves.
We are working with the Social Change Agency and The Liminal Space as ‘learning partners’ for the programme, and have developed a detailed monitoring and evaluation framework. We have commissioned an enquiry into wider examples of best practice in terms of community-led engagement with research, and whether there are opportunities for greater sharing of learning and/or collaboration in this regard.
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## Strategic Objective C
To build the capacity of the BSA and the science/research engagement sector around issues relating to equality, diversity & inclusion (EDI).
## **Stakeholder influencing and policy**
The BSA submitted written evidence to the House of Commons Science and Technology Select Committee Inquiry on Diversity in STEM. The Inquiry launch and the submissions of evidence heavily referenced the APPG on Diversity & Inclusion in STEM. The BSA were invited to give Oral Evidence to the Committee on 23 February.
We welcomed some of the policies announced in the Government Levelling Up White Paper, which mirrored recommendations we have made in _For Thought_ (investment in regional R&D) and APPG (a Future Skills Unit within the Department for Education) publications.
## **The APPG for Diversity & Inclusion in STEM**
The BSA provides the Secretariat for this APPG. It is chaired by Chi Onwurah MP and has Members and Officers from across the political spectrum and both Houses. In July 2021, the Group published a report in response to its inquiry on Equity in the STEM workforce.
The report’s key findings were:
- The STEM workforce is less diverse than the wider workforce but consistent data collection and sharing is lacking.
- There is a need for the Government to take a multi-pronged approach to drive equity in the STEM workforce.
- Intersectional barriers continue from STEM education into the workforce.
- There is awareness of structural inequity in some large STEM organisations, but no consensus on solutions.
- There is already considerable inequity in STEM but COVID-19 has made it worse.
## The recommendations were:
1. The UK Government and STEM organisations, across the private, public and voluntary sectors should commit to leading a ‘STEM Diversity Decade of Action’ to tackle the historic and systemic underrepresentation of minoritised groups at all levels in the sector.
- a. The Prime Minister and UK Government should set a bold vision for a diverse and equitable STEM sector at the heart of their ambitions for the UK to become a ‘global science superpower'.
- b. STEM leaders from organisations from across the private, public and voluntary sectors should work together to form and co-fund an Employers’ Coalition for STEM Diversity to address the structural inequity in the STEM workforce and drive long-term change.
2. The UK Government must deliver a statutory workforce data strategy and drive forward changes in policy and legislation to support employers to improve equity for minoritised communities in many sectors of the UK workforce, including STEM.
3. The UK Government and STEM organisations must quickly look to address and reverse worsening inequity within the STEM workforce as a result of the pandemic.
The report was well received by key players in the STEM sector. All relevant Ministers and Departments were written to by the APPG Chair, Chi Onwurah MP. We went on to organise four roundtables January 2022, with 35 leaders from across the STEM sector and policy, to explore the possibility of scoping the feasibility of a STEM Employers’ Coalition.
We received over 40 responses to our ‘call for ideas’ for future topics for the Group to address.
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## **Sciencewise**
As part of the Sciencewise consortium (alongside Involve and NCCPE, funded by UKRI) the BSA researched and wrote a social intelligence report on public attitudes and values around five emerging technology areas: Augmented & Virtual Reality; AI automation in the workplace; Data linkage and reuse; Human enhancement; New gene therapies.
The report ‘ _Anticipatory Public Engagement: Identifying opportunities for early-stage public dialogue on emerging technology’_ was published on the BSA website and we convened a roundtable on ‘Public perspectives on emerging technologies’ with senior policy leaders in March 2022.
## **Science Learning+**
We were awarded a contract to evaluate the Wellcome Trust’s long-running Science Learning+ scheme (funding for informal science learning) as part of a consortium with NCCPE and NatCen; our role is to disseminate and discuss the findings of Science Learning+ with stakeholders in education policy, youth, and community organisations.
We organised four workshops and discussions on the current landscape and future needs of informal science learning (ISL). Themes included:
- Current priorities ISL practice
- Defining success in ISL
- The funding landscape for ISL
- Connections to formal education
## **Mapping science engagement and inequity**
We used some of the Sustaining Excellence grant to commission an economics agency to create an index for science engagement provision across the UK. The index and maps show which areas of the UK have most and least opportunities to encounter science – through local industry, education, research, and engagement.
We launched the index during British Science Week, at an event featuring a keynote speech from science minister, George Freeman MP, and a panel discussion with the CEO of UKRI, the Chief Executive of the British Academy, and one of the BSA’s Community Leaders. The event was attended by over 40 senior leaders from the science engagement sector, business and policy.
## **Building the capacity of the Science Engagement sector**
## **Inclusive Science Engagement Network**
_Working with people in science engagement roles and taking an action-learning and case study approach to demonstrating change on Equality, Diversity & Inclusion (EDI)._
We distributed six grants to members of the Inclusive Science Engagement Network (ISEN) for:
- running a microgrant scheme for freelancers (BIG);
- staff training and neurodiversity (Science Oxford);
- leadership meetings on improving EDI in recruitment & enabling digital accessibility in science museums and discovery centres (ASDC);
- training visitor services teams on inclusive approaches (Colchester & Ipswich Museums);
- Makaton training for all staff (National Coal Mining Museum); and
- consultancy for embedding EDI across all processes and systems (Francis Crick Institute).
This year’s ISEN Group meetings covered topics including EDI language and terminology; and Disability Inclusive Recruitment (delivered in partnership with Evenbreak).
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## **Media Fellows**
Following the announcement that the BSA would no longer be running the Media Fellows scheme (in order to focus on activities more in line with our new strategic objectives), we received five expressions of interest from organisations who were interested in running the scheme in the future. We have handed over the running of Media Fellowships to the Association of British Science Writers (ABSW), who will take on the scheme for a one-year trial period, with a view to continue running it if is a successful programme for them.
## **UK Science Festivals Network**
This year we have run bi-monthly virtual meetings for the UK Science Festivals Network (UKSFN), addressing topics including how to best manage the Health & Safety of Festival events during the pandemic and the Protect Duty public consultation.
The fifth UKSFN conference took place in January 2022 and welcomed over 100 science festival organisers and other public engagement practitioners from across the UK (and beyond) who convened online to share ideas, explore opportunities for the future, get inspired and to celebrate some of the sector’s remarkable achievements over the last 12 months.
Attendees discussed the subject of digital engagement during and after the pandemic, gained practical insight into co-production and learnt about new approaches to working more closely with local communities.
With funding from UKRI, the UK Science Festivals Network awarded ten science festivals funding (up to £8k per project) to develop innovative approaches to engage young people aged 11-to-17-years-old, from low socioeconomic backgrounds and ‘inactive’ science identities, with research and researchers.
We have also been working with Culture Counts on an evaluation pilot project, funded by UKRI. The project involves eight UKSFN members and aims to encourage more data-driven decision making in the science festivals sector; create an aggregated account of value and impact; and build a stronger data culture across science festivals in the UK.
## **People and culture**
After an initial three-month trial of our new ‘Agile Working Policy’ received broadly positive support, we extended the trial until the end of December 2021 to test it out in a more ‘normal’ working environment as office/in-person working becomes more common. The policy has now been introduced on a permanent basis.
Also on the theme of increasing flexibility, we consulted on – and will roll out from the start of the new annual leave year (April 2022) – a new policy that will enable staff to buy or sell up to three days’ of annual leave each year.
We saw turnover increase, as the external jobs market picks up following a period of depressed turnover during the pandemic.
## **Diversity data**
In summer 2021, we published our first ever report into staff and trustee diversity (since the organisation began monitoring EDI staff data in 2017 and trustee data in 2019).
The data, from our annual survey undertaken in autumn 2020, showed that in 2020 the ‘typical’ member of BSA staff was a White, cisgender woman, aged under 40, who does not identify as having a disability or long-term health condition.
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The report showed that, over the past four years, the BSA staff body has become slightly more diverse with a small increase in the proportion of colleagues from Black, Asian or Minority Ethnic backgrounds. While at Council-level, we saw an increase in the number of Black and Asian trustees, as a result of focusing on and investing in diverse recruitment earlier in 2020.
The survey undertaken in autumn 2021 will be published in 2022 within the BSA’s Impact Report for 2021/22.
**Equality, diversity and inclusion**
We have continued to ensure that a focus on equality, diversity and inclusion sits right at the heart of our work – from our externally-facing programmes to our internal activities. We continue to monitor rates of staff understanding of EDI and inclusivity (as reported by staff in our annual staff survey, see graphs below).
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"I feel confident in my understanding of diversity and inclusion to
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"I feel I have the right skills and training on diversity and inclusion to support the BSA's mission"
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Our EDI Advisory Group (funded through our Sustaining Excellence programme) held their last meeting in November 2021, and we are exploring future structures for EDI governance.
## **Heritage & Identity Review**
The BSA is seeking to catalyse change both internally within our organisation and within the wider science engagement sector, to make science and science engagement more equitable, diverse and inclusive. In the context of ongoing institutional improvement – specifically in relation to our organisational focus on equality, diversity and inclusion – we embarked on a project to explore how we might understand and contextualise the BSA’s history.
The Terms of Reference for our Heritage & Identity Review are to:
- Create space for internal stakeholders to understand and interpret the value of the BSA’s heritage in relation to its current and future challenges;
- Establish how the BSA wants to relate its heritage and current identity to its beneficiaries and stakeholders;
- Develop a clear organisational memory for key internal and external stakeholders to be able communicate the BSA’s heritage in a 21[st] century context;
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- Provide tools, recommendations and learnings that will help discussions on how we use the BSA’s heritage to influence our future strategy and programmes.
We formed a Staff Working Group, and an Oversight Group, with representatives from our EDI Advisory Board, our Council, and external stakeholders (including the _BSA’s History of Science Section_ ).
The aim of the review process is to develop a series of recommendations and Guiding Principles that we will use to inform our practice, programmes and communications in the future.
## Section Two: Our future plans
During the second year of our current three-year business plan, we will be prioritising work on impact measures, so that we can measure progress against our 10-year strategy, and also continuing to develop our programmes (through our new programme development tool) to ensure that they meet our strategic objectives.
Our Sustaining Excellence grant comes to an end in June 2022, and we will be reviewing the progress that the organisation has made on its EDI journey, including re-running the EDI audit we undertook in 2018.
## Section Three: Financial Review
The Statement of Financial Activities shows net income for the year of £149,176 (2021: net income of £158,282) excluding net gains on investment assets of £12,189 (2021: £158,678 gain).
Key funders of activities during the year include UKRI, Anglia Ruskin University and the Wellcome Trust. The BSA does not engage in fundraising from the public.
Total income of £5.29 million was higher than last year (2021: £3.12 million).
Total expenditure of £5.15 million was higher than last year (2021: £2.96 million).
The expenditure on individual programmes shown on the SOFA is dependent on the activities within the programmes and the funding received.
## **Funders/ sponsors:**
3M ACS Anglia Ruskin University Association of Reproductive and Clinical Scientists Association of British Science Writers Astra Zeneca Bayer Boeing UK Limited British Society for Immunology Collective Act Drax De Montfort University
15
Ernst & Young (EY) Food & Farming Discovery Trust Gatsby Charitable Foundation Harper Collins UK Publishers Ltd High Speed Two Limited Hopscotch Consulting Institution for Engineering & Technology (IET) Institute of Physics Institute for Research in Schools (IRIS) James Weir Foundation Leeds Museums and Galleries Lloyds Register Foundation Make Happen Mewburn Ellis LLP MSD National Farmers Union (NFU) Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Natural History Museum (NHM) Nutrition Society Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations PETROC Perkinelmer LAS (UK) Ltd Primary Science Teaching Trust Physiological Society Royal Air Force Museum Roche RELX /Elsevier Royal Academy of Engineering Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 Royal Society of Chemistry Salters Institute Sciencewise Science Made Simple Silence Therapeutics Society for Applied Microbiology STEM Learning Thales The Country Trust The Reading Agency The Royal Society The Worshipful Company of Horners Trainline University College London (UCL) UK Antarctic Heritage Trust (UKAHT) UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) University of Cambridge University of East Anglia University of Southampton
16
University of the West of England University of York URENCO VSC Warwick Institute of Engagement Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics Wellcome Trust Welsh Government WWF UK Yorkshire Purchasing Organisation
## **Risk Management**
The purpose of the BSA’s Risk Register is to enable the British Science Association’s trustees to identify the main risks the charity faces and record how to deal with them. The information in this framework is reviewed by the Senior Management Team on a monthly basis and twice-yearly by the Audit & Risks Committee. The register is then available for review at Council meetings. A full overhaul of the risk register was undertaken in winter 2019.
This framework is divided into five areas based on Charity Commission guidance (CC26[1] ):
1. Strategic risks
2. Operational risks
3. Financial risks
4. Governance risks
5. Compliance and legislative risks
Key areas of risk include:
1. Impact - risk of not achieving our desired impact. This is mitigated through breaking our strategic objectives into programme activities which are effectively evaluated. Progress is tracked quarterly against business plan and balanced scorecard measures.
2. Income – the risk of a shortfall against fundraising targets and a drop in investment value rose with the outbreak of coronavirus and consequent economic damage. Management accounts are reviewed monthly & forecast income/spend altered accordingly.
## **Reserves policy**
At their meeting in March 2020, Council approved a prudent and realistic risk-based reserves policy, proposed by the Finance Committee. Reserves are based on the following key principles:
1. Working capital provision - £500k to 800k
2. Loss or delay in funding - £800k
3. Wind down costs - £300k - £500k
> 1 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/charities-and-risk-management-cc26/charities-and-risk-managementcc26#annex-1-risk-register-template-with-examples-of-use
17
Proposed reserves range to _aim for:_ between £1.6m and £2.1m
The Trustees recognise that the current reserves are £2.1m and will continue to aim to work towards holding unrestricted reserves within the above range in the coming years.
The BSA’s trustees are satisfied that there are no concerns about the BSA’s existence as a going concern.
## Section Four: Structure, Governance and Management
The trustees confirm they have had regard to the guidance issued by the Charity Commission on public benefit.
## **Charter, statutes and rules**
The British Association for the Advancement of Science was founded in 1831 and is incorporated by Royal Charter. The Charter is dated 21 April 1928 and there have been Supplemental Charters dated 15 August 1960, 10 February 1997. The Association’s Statutes were revised and approved by the Privy Council in May 2006. In April 2020, the Privy Council approved an updated version of the BSA’s Charter and Statutes.
Council has approved Rules which are reviewed regularly by Council and may be altered by a majority vote in Council.
## **Registered and operating names**
The British Science Association is the operating name for (and a registered trademark of) the British Association for the Advancement of Science. The registered name of the charity remains as the British Association for the Advancement of Science.
## **Council**
The governing body of the British Science Association is Council. Members of Council comprise the following people who are entitled to vote at Council meetings:
- The Chair
- The Vice (deputy) Chair
- The Treasurer
- Up to three Vice-Presidents who advise on specific matters
- Up to eight people appointed as determined by Council
In addition, the President, President-elect and immediate Past President, if not Trustees, are entitled to attend Council but not to vote.
Council normally meets four times a year, once per quarter. Its function is to agree a vision and strategy for the charity and to direct all the affairs and business of the organisation. Council may delegate its powers to the staff or its Committees.
Members of Council normally serve for a period of three years with the option of being reappointed for a further three years as long as any continuous period in office does not
18
normally exceed six years. In exceptional circumstances, by two thirds majority vote in Council of all members present, a further year’s extension is permitted.
## **Trustee induction and training**
Following their election or appointment, a standard induction pack is sent to all new Trustees before they attend their first Council meeting. The induction pack comprises relevant Association and Charity Commission documents and information including the Charity Governance Code. External training opportunities for new and existing Trustees are offered in addition to away days and ad hoc meetings. Council members are invited to meet staff to learn more about the Association’s work before the beginning of each meeting, and also invited to many of the Association’s events.
## **Finance Committee (incorporating the Investment Committee)**
The Finance Committee comprises four members of the Council plus the Treasurer. Meetings are usually held four times a year and attended by the Finance Director and Chief Executive. Finance Committee advises Council on financial strategy and, in its role as the Investment Committee, oversees the work of our investment managers.
## **Audit & Risks Committee**
The Audit & Risks Committee appointments comprises two members of Council (including the Treasurer), an independent chair and one further independent member. It meets twice a year and meetings are attended by the Finance Director and Chief Executive.
Council has appointed a professional auditor of the Association, who is qualified for appointment as auditor of a company in accordance with the provisions of the Charities Act. The auditor attends meetings of the Committee as and when required.
## **Council Members**
Gisela Abbam, completed her term as Chair on 31 January 2022. She was succeeded by Hilary Newiss on 28 March 2022. Stephen Nuttall, Vice Chair, assumed the position of Acting Chair during the intervening period.
Deputy Chair, Matt Locke, and Vice President, Louise Archer, completed their terms in June 2021. Catherine Brown stood down in March 2022, Kafui Tay in May 2022, and Raj Jethwa in June 2022.
We are grateful to our outgoing Chair and Council members for their service. Further appointments are anticipated in the forthcoming year.
## **Council member attendance 2021/22**
|**Name**|**Role**|**Elected**
**/appointed**
**Retiring**
**/resigned**
**22**
**June**
**2021**|**5 October**
**2021**|**8**
**December**
**2021**|**21**
**March**
**2022**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Gisela Abbam|Chair|2019
2022
Y|Y|Y|N/A|
|Matt Locke|Deputy Chair|2015
2021
Y|N/A|N/A|N/A|
|Kalli Bowyer|Treasurer|2018
2024
Y|Y|N|Y|
|Stephen Nuttall|VP Engagement (and
Vice Chair)|2017
2024
Y|Y|Y|Y|
19
|Catherine Brown|VP Policy,
Partnerships & Impact|2019
2022
Y|Y|N|Y|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Louise Archer|VP Education|2015
2021
Y|N/A|N/A|N/A|
|Heather King|VP Education|2021
2024
N/A|Y|Y|Y|
|Sarah Main|Trustee (elected)|2017
2023
Y|Y|Y|Y|
|Kafui Tay|Trustee (appointed)|2020
2022
Y|Y|Y|N|
|Joe de Sousa|Trustee (appointed)|2020
2023
Y|Y|Y|Y|
|Kate Mingay|Trustee (appointed)|2020
2023
Y|Y|Y|Y|
|Raj Jethwa|Trustee (appointed)|2020
2022
Y|Y|N|N|
|Rubina Ahmed|Trustee (appointed)|2020
2023
Y|N|Y|Y|
## **Council membership of sub-Committees**
||||**Honorary**|**Nominations**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||**Finance**|**Audit & Risk**|**Fellowship**|**Committee**|
|**Name**|**Committee**|**Committee**|
**Committee**||
|GiselaAbbam*|||Y|Y|
|Hilary Newiss**|||||
|Stephen Nuttall|Y||||
|Kalli Bowyer|Y|Y|||
|CatherineBrown***||||Y|
|Sarah Main|Y||||
|Rubina Ahmed|Y|||Y|
|Joe de Sousa||Y|Y|Y|
|Raj Jethwa||Y||Y|
|KateMingay|Y||||
|Heather King||||Y|
|Kafui Tay|Y||Y||
- *term ended 31 January 2022
- **term began 28 March 2022
- ***term ended 21 March 2022
20
Section Five: Reference and Administrative details
## **Senior Staff**
Katherine Mathieson Chief Executive (Resigned 8[th] April 2022) Hannah Russell Chief Executive (Appointed 11[th] October 2022) Gill Riches Director of Programmes (Acting COO from 8[th] April 2022 to 11[th] October 2022) Amy MacLaren Director of External Relations (Acting CEO from 8[th] April 2022 to 11[th] October 2022) Graeme Copestake Director of Finance (outsourced) **Advisors** Bankers NatWest Bank plc, 208 Piccadilly, London, W1A 2DG Solicitors Veale Wasbrough Vizards LLP, 45 Clarendon Road, Watford, WD17 1SZ Accounting Crossley Group, Star House, Star Hill, Rochester, ME1 1UX Independent auditors Sayer Vincent, Invicta House, 108-114 Golden Lane, London, EC1Y 0TL Investment advisors James Hambro Partners LLP, 45 Pall Mall, London, SW1Y 5JG
## **Principal and registered office**
Wellcome Wolfson Building 165 Queen’s Gate London SW7 5HD
## **Declarations**
The trustees declare that they have approved the Trustees’ report above.
Signed on behalf of the BSA’s Council
Signature:
Name: Hilary Newiss Position: Chair Date: [ ]
21
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Statement of financial activities
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
|For the year ended 31 March 2022||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Note
Income from:
2
3
3
3
3
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
7
18
Reconciliation of funds:
17
Total funds brought forward
Total funds carried forward
Transfers between funds
Net income / (expenditure) before other
recognised gains and losses
Other gains / (losses)
Net movement in funds
Raising funds
Net expenditure for the period/year
Other (recruitment spend from reserves)
Total expenditure
Net (expenditure) / income before net
gains on investments
Charitable activities
Engagement programmes
Education programmes
Regions, branches and sections
Net gains on investments
Policy, Partnerships & Impact
Grants Programme
Investments
Total income
Expenditure on:
Donations and legacies
Charitable activities
Engagement programmes
Education programmes
Policy, Partnerships & Impact
Grants Programme|Unrestricted
£|Restricted
£|2022
Total
£
176,021
1,315,293
1,164,510
237,064
2,371,862
13,829
5,278,579
136,109
1,371,946
894,852
426,157
2,262,761
11,427
25,408
5,128,660
12,188
162,107
-
162,107
-
162,107
2,010,863
2,172,970
149,919|Unrestricted
£
151,931
46,484
217,483
140,949
-
11,927|2021
Restricted
Total
£
£
92,841
244,772
730,908
777,392
1,082,720
1,300,203
219,197
360,146
430,101
430,101
-
11,927
2,555,767
3,124,541
92,841
181,285
698,908
883,260
1,077,064
1,083,498
127,506
346,092
468,493
468,493
3,630
3,630
-
-
2,468,442
2,966,259
-
158,678
87,325
316,961
-
-
87,325
316,961
-
-
87,325
316,961
186,838
1,693,903
274,163
2,010,864
87,325
158,283|
||94,027|81,994||||
|||||||
||68,257|1,247,036||||
||229,759|934,751||||
||186,259|50,805||||
||-|2,371,862||||
||13,829|-||||
|||||||
|||||||
||592,131|4,686,448||568,775||
|||||||
|||81,994||88,444
184,353
6,434
218,586
-
-
-||
||54,115|||||
|||||||
||109,153|1,262,793||||
||50,182|844,670||||
||270,659|155,498||||
|||2,262,761||||
||-|11,427||||
||25,408|-||||
|||||||
||509,517|4,619,143||497,817||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
||82,614|67,305||70,958||
||12,188|-||158,678||
|||||||
||94,802|67,305||229,636||
|||||-||
||2,350|(2,350)||||
|||||||
|||||||
||97,152|64,955||229,636||
||-|-||-||
|||||||
||97,152|64,955||229,636||
|||||1,507,065||
||1,736,700|274,163||||
|||||||
|||||||
||1,833,852|339,118||1,736,700||
All of the above results are derived from continuing activities. There were no other recognised gains or losses other than those stated above. Movements in funds are disclosed in Note 17 to the financial statements.
24
British Association for the Advancement of Science
## Balance sheet
## As at 31 March 2022
|Note
Fixed assets:
12
13
Current assets:
14
Liabilities:
15
17
18
Total unrestricted funds
Total charity funds
Restricted income funds
Unrestricted income funds:
Designated funds
General funds
Debtors
The funds of the charity:
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
Net current assets
Total net assets
Investments
Cash at bank and in hand
Tangible assets|£|2022
£
25,910
1,314,341
1,340,251
490,375
1,187,156
1,677,531
(977,374)
832,718
2,172,969
339,118
1,138,548
598,152
1,833,852
2,172,970|2021|
|---|---|---|---|
||||£
8,884
1,301,822|
|||||
||||1,310,706|
|||||
||1,272,037|||
||1,507,360|||
|||||
||2,779,397|||
|||||
||(1,946,679)|||
|||||
|||||
||||700,157|
|||||
|||||
||||2,010,862|
||||274,163|
||1,045,861|||
||787,991|||
|||||
|||||
||||1,736,700|
|||||
|||||
||||2,010,863|
Approved by the trustees on 14 September 2022 and signed on their behalf by
Hilary Newiss Chair of Council
Kalli Bowyer General Treasurer
25
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Statement of cash flows
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
|||2022||2021|2021|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Note|||||
|||£|£|£|£|
|Cash flows from operating activities|20|||||
|Net cash provided by / (used in) operating activities|||337,826||384,555|
|Cash flows from investing activities:||||||
|Dividends, interest and rents from investments||13,829||11,927||
|Purchase of fixed assets||(31,119)||(3,955)||
|Proceeds from sale of investments||338,165||338,373||
|Purchase of investments||(314,881)||(457,741)||
|Net cash provided by / (used in) investing activities|||5,994||(111,396)|
|Change in cash and cash equivalents in the period|||343,820||273,159|
|Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period|||1,260,912||987,753|
|Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period|21||1,604,732||1,260,912|
26
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
For the year ended 31 March 2022
## 1 Accounting policies
## a) Statutory information
- British Association for the Advancement of Science is an unincorporated charity registered with the Charity Commission in England & Wales and Scotland. The registered office address is Wellcome Wolfson Building, 165 Queen’s Gate, London, SW7 5HD.
## b) Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts n accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) - (Charities SORP FRS 102). The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Charities Act 2011.
The accounts have been prepared to give a ‘true and fair’ view and have departed from the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 only to the extent required to provide a ‘true and fair view’. This departure has involved following Accounting and Reporting by Charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) issued on 16 July 2014 rather than the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice effective from 1 April 2005 which has since been withdrawn.
Assets and liabilities are initially recognised at historical cost or transaction value except that investments held as fixed assets are carried at market value as at the balance sheet date.
- c) Public benefit entity
The Association meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102.
- d) Going concern
The trustees consider that there are no material uncertainties about the Association's ability to continue as a going concern.
The trustees do not consider that there are any sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next reporting period.
## e) Income
Income is recognised when the Association has entitlement to the funds, any performance conditions attached to the income have been met, it is probable that the income will be received and that the amount can be measured reliably.
Income received for general purposes of the Association is credited to unrestricted funds. Income subject to specific wishes of the donor is credited to relevant restricted funds.
Subscription income is taken into the financial statements as a receipt in the year in which the subscription is received.
Income received in advance of the provision of a specified service is deferred until the criteria for income recognition are met.
Provision is made in the financial statements for income tax recoverable on gift aid donations.
Gross income received from the Asociation's investment portfolio is reinvested with the Association's portfolio fund managers for the acquisition of further stocks.
Interest on funds held on deposit is included when receivable and the amount can be measured reliably by the Association; this is normally upon notification of the interest paid or payable by the bank.
## f) Donations of gifts, services and facilities
Donated professional services and donated facilities are recognised as income when the Association has control over the item or received the service, any conditions associated with the donation have been met, the receipt of economic benefit from the use by the Association of the item is probable and that economic benefit can be measured reliably. In accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102), volunteer time is not recognised. The trustees’ annual report sets out more information about their contribution to the work of the Association.
## g) Fund accounting
- Restricted funds are to be used for specific purposes as laid down by the donor. Expenditure which meets these criteria is charged to the fund.
Unrestricted funds are donations and other incoming resources received or generated for charitable purposes.
Designated funds are unrestricted funds earmarked by the trustees for particular purposes.
27
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
- 1 Accounting policies (continued)
- h) Expenditure and irrecoverable VAT Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to make a payment to a third party, it is probable that settlement will be required and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure is classified under the following activity headings:
- Costs of raising funds relate to the costs incurred by the Association in inducing third parties to make voluntary contributions to it, as well as the cost of any activities with a fundraising purpose
- Expenditure on charitable activities includes the costs of delivering services, exhibitions and other educational activities undertaken to further the purposes of the Association and their associated support costs
- Other expenditure represents those items not falling into any other heading
Irrecoverable VAT is charged as a cost against the activity for which the expenditure was incurred.
## i) Grants payable
- Grants payable are made to third parties in furtherance of the charity's objects. Single or multi-year grants are accounted for when either the recipient has a reasonable expectation that they will receive a grant and the trustees have agreed to pay the grant without condition, or the recipient has a reasonable expectation that they will receive a grant and that any condition attaching to the grant is outside of the control of the charity.
## j) Allocation of support costs
Resources expended are allocated to a particular activity where the cost relates directly to that activity. However, support cost (the cost of overall direction and administration of each activity, comprising the salary and overhead costs of the central function) is apportioned on the bases of an estimate, based on staff time, of the amount attributable to each activity.
Governance costs are the costs associated with the governance arrangements of the Association. These costs are associated with constitutional and statutory requirements and include any costs associated with the strategic management of the Association’s activities. These costs are allocated to each activity based on staff time.
Cost of Raising Funds: 7% Engagement programmes: 41% Education programmes: 26% Policy, Partnerships & Impact 11% New Grants programme 15%
- k) Operating leases
Where assets are financed by leasing agreement that give rights approximating to ownership ("finance leases"), the assets are treated as if they had been purchased outright. The amount capitalised is the present value of the minimum lease payments during the lease term. The corresponding leasing commitments are shown as obligations to the lessor.
- l) Tangible fixed assets
Items of equipment are capitalised where the purchase price exceeds £100. Depreciation costs are allocated to activities on the basis of the use of the related assets in those activities. Assets are reviewed for impairment if circumstances indicate their carrying value may exceed their net realisable value and value in use.
Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write down the cost of each asset to its estimated residual value over its expected useful life. The depreciation rates in use are as follows:
Office equipment Straight line over 5 years Computer equipment Straight line over 3 years
- m) Listed investments
Investments are a form of basic financial instrument and are initially recognised at their transaction value and subsequently measured at their fair value as at the balance sheet date using the closing quoted market price. Any change in fair value will be recognised in the statement of financial activities. Investment gains and losses, whether realised or unrealised, are combined and shown in the heading “net gains/(losses) on investments” in the statement of financial activities. The Association does not acquire put options, derivatives or other complex financial instruments.
The Association's Investment Fund is invested in accordance with the Powers of Investment set out in the Schedule to the 1977 Supplemental Charter, which requires that at least 15% of the fund must comprise investments in Government and/or fixed interest securities, including interest-bearing cash deposits. Council has determined that the primary objective of investment policy should be to maintain the capital value of the fund in real terms over the long term.
## n) Debtors
Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount due after any trade discount offered. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid net of any trade discounts due.
28
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
## 1 Accounting policies (continued)
- o) Cash at bank and in hand
- Cash at bank and cash in hand includes cash and short term highly liquid investments with a short maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition or opening of the deposit or similar account. Cash balances exclude any funds held on behalf of service users.
## p) Creditors and provisions
Creditors and provisions are recognised where the Association has a present obligation resulting from a past event that will probably result in the transfer of funds to a third party and the amount due to settle the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably. Creditors and provisions are normally recognised at their settlement amount after allowing for any trade discounts due.
The Association only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial instruments. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently measured at their settlement value with the exception of bank loans which are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
## q) Pensions
The Association operates under an auto enrolment scheme and auto enrols the new employees into the Government's NEST scheme. Pre 1 July 2014, employees are in an AEGON pension scheme. The Association matches the minimum 1% contribution and pays (on a sliding scale) up to two times the contributions made by employees to the schemes which can range between 1% and 5% of gross salary. The pension charge recorded in these financial statements is the amount of contributions payable by the Association in the accounting year.
## 2 Income from donations and legacies
|Other income
Donations and legacies income
Donated services and facilities - office space
Subscriptions and donations|Unrestricted
£
8,308
2,077
65,591
18,051
94,027|£
-
-
-
81,994
81,994
Restricted|2022
Total
£
8,308
2,077
65,591
100,045
176,021|Unrestricted
£
11,077
65,383
62,468
13,003
151,931|2021
Total
£
£
-
11,077
-
65,383
-
62,468
92,841
105,844
92,841
244,772
Restricted|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
## 3 Income from charitable activities
|British Science Festival
Sub-total for engagement programmes
Branches and sections
Policy, Partnerships & Impact
Grants Programme
Other engagement programmes
Total income from charitable activities
Education programmes|Unrestricted
£
-
68,257
68,257
229,759
186,259
-
-
484,275|£
523,973
723,063
1,247,036
934,751
50,805
2,371,862
-
4,604,454
Restricted|2022
Total
£
523,973
791,320
1,315,293
1,164,510
237,064
2,371,862
-
5,088,729|Unrestricted
£
-
46,484
46,484
217,483
140,949
-
-
404,916|2021
Total
£
£
91,939
91,939
638,968
685,452
730,907
777,392
1,082,721
1,300,204
219,197
360,146
430,100
430,100
-
-
2,462,926
2,867,842
Restricted|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
## 4 Income from investments
|Interest
Dividends|Unrestricted
£
13,736
93
13,829|£
-
-
-
Restricted|2022
Total
£
13,736
93
13,829|Unrestricted
£
11,607
320
11,927|2021
Total
£
£
-
11,607
-
320
-
11,927
Restricted|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
29
British Association for the Advancement of Science
## Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
updat 5a Analysis of expenditure (current year)
## Charitable activities
|Staff costs (Note 8)
Direct costs
Investment managers' fees
Office costs
Depreciation and disposals
Legal and professional
Irrecoverable VAT
Office service charge
Office equipment
Insurance
Marketing and PR
Support costs
Governance costs
Total expenditure 2022|Cost of raising
funds
£
68,746
17,665
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
86,411
47,170
2,528
136,109|Engagement
programmes
£
431,741
631,099
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,062,840
293,383
15,723
1,371,946|Education
programmes
£
270,500
426,399
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
696,899
187,884
10,069
894,852|Policy,
Partnerships &
Impact
£
227,729
111,983
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
339,712
82,048|Regions,
branches and
sections
£
-
11,427
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
11,427
-
-
11,427|Grants
Programme
£
147,706
2,003,299
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-|Governance
costs
£
26,077
-
-
574
-
11,750
-
-
-
-
-
38,401
-
(38,401)
-|Support costs
2022
Total
£
£
188,555
1,361,054
56,073
3,257,945
11,171
11,171
222,434
223,008
14,093
14,093
154
11,904
128,306
128,306
101,039
101,039
-
-
8,238
8,238
11,902
11,902
741,965
5,128,660
(716,557)
.00
-
-
25,408
5,128,660|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||||||2,151,005|||
||||||||||
|||||||106,072|||
||||||||||
|||||4,397||5,684|||
|||||426,157|||||
|||||||2,262,761|||
30
British Association for the Advancement of Science
## Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
- 5b Analysis of expenditure (prior year)
## Charitable activities
|Staff costs (Note 8)
Direct costs
Investment managers' fees
Office costs
Depreciation and disposals
Legal and professional
Irrecoverable VAT
Office service charge
Office equipment
Insurance
Marketing and PR
Support costs
Governance costs
Total expenditure 2021|Cost of raising
funds
£
93,754
8,138
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
101,892
74,451
4,942
181,285|Engagement
programmes
£
297,629
333,640
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
631,269
236,305
15,687
883,261|Education
programmes
£
265,685
592,792
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
858,477
211,013
14,008
1,083,498|Policy,
Partnerships &
Impact
£
204,688
59,624
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
264,312
76,689
5,091
346,092|Regions,
branches and
sections
£
-
3,630
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3,630
-
-
3,630|Grants Programme Governance costs
£
£
100,219
37,317
283,385
-
-
-
-
364
-
-
-
7,331
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
383,604
45,012
79,605
-
5,284
(45,012)
468,493
-|Support costs
2021 Total
£
£
155,114
1,154,406
-
1,281,209
10,430
10,430
283,189
283,553
15,488
15,488
28,654
35,985
148,090
148,090
29,815
29,815
49
49
7,135
7,135
99
99
678,063
2,966,259
(678,063)
-
-
-
-
2,966,259|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
31
British Association for the Advancement of Science
## Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
|6
Cost
At the end of the year
Wellcome Trust grants
Engagement Grants
Education Grants
PPI Grants
Grant making|2022
2021
£
£
1,788,659
-
155,223
-
121,300
-
10,000
-
2,075,182
-|
|---|---|
- 7 Net income / (expenditure) for the period
This is stated after charging :
||2022|2021|
|---|---|---|
||£|£|
|Depreciation|10,658|15,101|
|Operating lease rentals:|||
|Property|35,381|29,815|
|Auditors' remuneration (excluding VAT):|||
|Audit|11,750|9,000|
- 8 Analysis of staff costs, trustee remuneration and expenses, and the cost of key management personnel
Staff costs were as follows:
|Salaries and wages
Social security costs
Employer’s contribution to defined contribution pension schemes|2022
2021
£
£
1,173,864
987,727
107,267
100,425
79,923
66,254
1,361,054
1,154,406|
|---|---|
The following number of employees received employee benefits (excluding employer pension costs) during the period between:
||2022|2021|
|---|---|---|
||No.|No.|
|£60,000 - £69,999|-|2|
|£70,000 - £79,999|2|-|
|£80,000 - £89,999|-|1|
|£90,000 - £99,999|1|-|
|> £100,000|-|-|
The total employee benefits including pension contributions of the key management personnel were £261,916 (2021: £260,389).
The Council members were not paid nor received any other benefits from employment with the Association in the year (2021: £nil). No Council member received payment for professional or other services supplied to the Association (2021: £nil).
Council members' expenses represent the payment or reimbursement of travel and subsistence costs totalling £248 (2021: £98) incurred by 2 (2021: 1) members relating to attendance at Council meetings.
32
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
## 9 Staff numbers
The average number of employees (head count based on number of staff employed) during the period was as follows:
|Fundraising, marketing and public relations
Engagement programmes
Ideas Fund
Policy, Partnerships & Impact
Educational programmes
Support and Governance|2022
2021
No.
No.
4.0
6.2
6.9
5.3
7.3
8.2
5.6
4.4
2.5
1.2
6.2
5.0
32.5
30.3|
|---|---|
## 10 Related party transactions
There are no related party transactions to disclose for 2022 (2021: none).
There are no donations from related parties which are outside the normal course of business and no restricted donations from related parties.
## 11 Taxation
The charity is exempt from corporation tax as all its income is charitable and is applied for charitable purposes.
## 12 Tangible fixed assets
|Tangible fixed assets||||
|---|---|---|---|
|Cost
Depreciation
At the end of the year
At the end of the year
At the start of the year
Charge for the year
At the start of the year
Additions in year
Net book value
Disposals in year
At the end of the year
Eliminated on disposal
At the start of the Year|Fixtures and
fittings
£
29,269
942
-
30,211
25,555
2,508
-
28,063
2,148
3,714|Computer
equipment
£
31,883
30,177
(29,030)|Total
£|
||||61,152|
||||31,119|
||||(29,030)|
|||||
|||||
|||33,030|63,241|
|||||
|||26,713
8,150
(25,595)||
||||52,268|
||||10,658|
||||(25,595)|
|||||
|||||
|||9,268|37,331|
|||||
|||||
|||23,762|25,910|
|||||
|||||
|||5,170|8,884|
All of the above assets are used for charitable purposes.
33
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
For the year ended 31 March 2022
## 13 Listed investments
|14
15
Grant accruals
Shares listed on the London Stock Exchange
Cash
Trade debtors
Other debtors
Prepayments
Accrued income
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
Fair value at the end of the year
Debtors
Accruals
Deferred income
Fair value at the start of the year
Additions at cost
Investments comprise:
Taxation and social security
Other creditors
Trade creditors
Cash held by investment broker pending reinvestment
Historic cost at the end of the year
Net (loss)/gain on change in fair value
Disposal proceeds|2022|2021|
|---|---|---|
||£|£
950,020
457,741
(338,373)
158,678|
||1,228,066||
||314,881
(338,165)||
||12,188||
||||
||||
||1,216,970|1,228,066|
||97,371|73,756|
||||
||1,314,341|1,301,822|
||||
||1,178,874|1,146,270|
||||
||2022|2021|
||£|£
1,228,066
73,756|
||1,216,970
97,371||
||||
||||
||1,314,341|1,301,822|
||||
||||
||2022|2021|
||£
98,082
17
47,399
1,126,541|£
103,660
65
52,446
334,204|
||||
||1,272,039|490,375|
||||
||||
||2022|2021|
||£
149,799
71,663
68,457
177,445
1,018,738
460,577|£
118,809
47,588
114,354
80,050
-
616,573|
||||
||1,946,679|977,374|
34
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
## 16 Deferred income
Deferred income comprises both fees received in advance of the delivery of the services and grants received for future financial periods.
|Balance at the beginning of the period
Amount released to income in the period
Amount deferred in the period
Balance at the end of the period
Net assets at the end of the year
Analysis of net assets between funds (prior period)
Net current assets
Net assets at the end of the period
Analysis of net assets between funds (current year)
Investments
Investments
Net current assets
Tangible fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets|£
25,910
1,314,341
493,601
1,833,852
£
8,884
1,301,822
425,994
1,736,700
Unrestricted
Unrestricted|2022|2021|
|---|---|---|---|
|||£
616,573
(616,573)
460,577|£
281,257
(281,257)
616,573|
|||||
|||460,577|616,573|
|||||
|||Restricted
£
-
-||
||||2022 Total|
||||£|
||||25,910|
||||1,314,341|
|||339,118|832,719|
|||||
|||||
|||339,118|2,172,970|
|||||
|||Restricted
£
-
-
274,163||
||||2021 Total|
||||£|
||||8,884|
||||1,301,822|
||||700,157|
|||||
|||||
|||274,163|2,010,863|
## 17a Analysis of net assets between funds (current year)
## 17b Analysis of net assets between funds (prior period)
35
British Association for the Advancement of Science
## Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
18a Movements in funds (current year)
|At 1 April 2021
£
-
32,000
80,307
104,693
25,565
2,350
29,248
-|Incoming
resources &
gains
£
523,973
723,063
934,751
50,805
2,371,862
-
-
81,994|Outgoing
resources & losses
£
(525,122)
(737,671)
(844,670)
(155,498)
(2,262,761)
-
(11,427)
(81,994)
(4,619,143)
-
(109,153)
(50,182)
(270,660)
-
-
(429,995)
(79,524)
(509,519)|Transfers
£
1,149
-
-
-
-
(2,350)
(1,149)
-|At 31 March
2022
£|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|||||-
17,392
170,388
-
134,666
-
16,672
-|
||||||
||||||
|274,163|4,686,448||(2,350)|339,118|
||||||
|148,187
70,000
167,000
237,500
500,000
15,861|-
68,257
229,759
186,259
-
-||(68,187)
50,896
(201,577)
71,901
-
-||
|||||80,000|
|||||80,000|
|||||145,000|
|||||225,000|
|||||500,000|
|||||15,861|
||||||
||||||
|1,138,548|484,275||(146,967)|1,045,861|
||||||
|598,152|120,046||||
||||149,317|787,991|
||||||
||||||
|1,736,700|604,321||2,350|1,833,852|
||||||
36
British Association for the Advancement of Science
## Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
## 18b Movements in funds (prior period)
|Movements in funds (prior period)||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Total restricted funds
Total designated funds
General funds
Restricted funds:
Designated funds:
Other
Engagement programmes
Education programmes
Policy, Partnerships & Impact
Branches
Sections and regions
Unrestricted funds:
British Science Festival
Other engagement programmes
Contingency for wind-down costs
Total unrestricted funds
Total funds
British Science Festival
Other engagement programmes
Engagement programmes
Grants programme
Education programmes
Policy, Partnerships & Impact
Innovation Fund|At 1 April 2020
£
-
-
74,650
13,002
63,958
5,980
29,248
-|Incoming
resources &
gains
£
91,939
638,969
1,082,721
219,197
430,100
-
-
92,841|Outgoing
resources & losses
£
(91,939)
(606,969)
(1,077,064)
(127,506)
(468,493)
(3,630)
-
(92,841)
(2,468,442)
(61,606)
(122,746)
(6,435)
(218,586)
-
-
(409,372)
(88,444)
(497,816)
(2,966,258)|Transfers
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-|At 31 March
2021
£|
||||||-
32,000
80,307
104,693
25,565
2,350
29,248|
|||||||
|||||||
||186,838|2,555,768||-|274,163|
|||||||
||94,000
95,000
128,000
294,000
500,000
15,861|-
46,484
217,483
140,949
-
-||115,793
51,262
(172,048)
21,137
-
-||
||||||148,187|
||||||70,001|
||||||167,000|
||||||237,500|
||||||500,000|
||||||15,861|
|||||||
|||||||
||1,126,861|404,916||16,144|1,138,548|
|||||||
||380,204|322,536||(16,144)||
||||||598,152|
|||||||
|||||||
||1,507,065|727,452||-|1,736,700|
|||||||
||1,693,903|3,283,220||-|2,010,863|
## 19 Movements in funds - descriptions
## Purposes of restricted funds
## Festival of Science
These are funds received specifically to deliver the Festival of Science and have been fully spent in the year.
## Other engagement programmes
These are funds received specifically to deliver Engagement Programmes. At the year end some grant funding had not been fully spent and has been carried forward.
## Grants Programme
These are funds received directly to deliver the Ideas Fund programme. At the year end some grant funding had not been fully spent and has been carried forward.
## Education
These are funds received predominantly to deliver work relating to the CREST awards. At the year end some grant funding had not been fully spent and has been carried forward.
## Policy, Partnerships & Impact
These are funds received in order to deliver work in relation to the For Thought Summit. At the end of the year some grant funding had not been fully spent so this has been carried forward.
## Sections
Sections raise their own funds as well as receive contributions from the engagement programmes. The majority of the balances are restricted funding from the British Science Festival.
37
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
- 19 Movements in funds - descriptions (continued)
## Purposes of designated funds
## British Science Festival
These are funds set aside by management in order to support the activities of the Science Festival during the coming financial year if required.
## Engagement
These are funds set aside by management in order to support the activities of the Engagement team in the coming financial year if required.
## Education
These are funds set aside by management in order to support the activities of the Education Team in the coming financial year if required.
## Policy, Partnerships & Impact
These are funds set aside by management in order to support the activities of the PPI Team in the coming financial year if required.
## Contingency for wind-down costs
We currently hold £500,000 in designated reserves as a contingency in the case of wind down.
## Innovation Fund
The availability of this fund encourages our staff to develop and implement ideas that contribute to our strategic goals during the year.
## Transfers between funds
Transfers have been made between funds to enable the right reserves to be available in the right areas as described above.
## 20 Reconciliation of net income / (expenditure) to net cash flow from operating activities
|Net income / (expenditure) for the reporting period
(as per the statement of financial activities)
Depreciation charges
(Profit)/loss on the disposal of fixed assets
(Gains)/losses on investments
Dividends, interest and rent from investments
(Increase)/decrease in debtors
Increase/(decrease) in creditors
Net cash provided by / (used in) operating activities|2022
2021
£
£
162,107
158,282
10,658
15,101
3,435
388
(12,188)
-
(13,829)
(11,927)
(781,662)
(69,905)
969,305
292,616
337,826
384,555|
|---|---|
## 21 Analysis of cash and cash equivalents
|Cash at bank and in hand
Cash awaiting investment
Total cash and cash equivalents|At 31 March 2021
£
1,187,156
73,756
1,260,912|Cash flows
At 31 March
2022
£
£
320,204
1,507,360
23,615
97,371
343,819
1,604,731|
|---|---|---|
38
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
## 22 Operating lease commitments
The charity's total future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases is as follows for each of the following periods.
|Less than 1 year
1 - 5 Years
Over 5 years|2022
2021
£
£
62,712
58,609
250,848
234,438
1,003,394
996,360
1,316,954
1,289,407
Property|
|---|---|
The commitment relates to the service charge due under the Wellcome Wolfson Building lease. The term of the lease is for 40 years from 29 September 2003 increasing by inflation each year.
39
British Association for the Advancement of Science
Notes to the financial statements
## For the year ended 31 March 2022
## 23 Detail of branches, and sections and regions restricted funds
|Branches
Cardiff
Derby
Exeter
North West Scibar Network
Reading
South East
South Wales
South Yorkshire
Swansea
For branches set-up
Total branches restricted funds|At 1 April
2021
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,350
2,350|Incoming
resources &
gains
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-|Outgoing
resources &
losses
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-|Transfers
At 31 March
2022
£
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(2,350)
-
(2,350)
-|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
||||-||
|Sections and regions
Agriculture & Food
Anthropology
Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Economics
Education
Engineering
General
Geography
Geology
History of Science
Mathematics
Medical Sciences
Physics
Psychology
Science & The Arts
Sociology
Total sections and regions
restricted funds|At 1 April
2021
391
358
1,663
6,239
2,180
1,465
2,764
1,178
2,659
1,618
239
1,625
1,819
762
3,682
(32)
638
29,248|Incoming
resources &
gains
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-|Outgoing
resources &
losses
(282)
(1,034)
(1,900)
(1,566)
(309)
-
(499)
-
(357)
(802)
(443)
(1,074)
(1,224)
(293)
(1,020)
(623)|Transfers
At 31 March
2022
-
109
676
-
237
-
-
4,673
-
1,871
-
1,465
-
2,265
-
1,178
-
2,302
-
816
204
-
-
551
-
595
-
469
-
2,662
32
-
-
15
1,149
18,971|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
||||(11,426)||
40