Registered nuTMber: 04311334 Charlty numb&r: 201654 Friends of Animals League (A company limited by guarantee) Trustees, report and financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2023
Friends of Anlmals League {A company limited by guarantee) Contents Page Reference and admlnlstrative details of the companyi Its Trustees and advisers Trustees, report Independent auditors, report on the flnanclal statements 8-12 statement of financial activltles 13 Balance shoet 14 Statement of ¢ash flows 15 Notes to the financlal statements 16-32
Frlends of Animals Leaguè {A company Ilmited by guarantee) Reference and administrative details of the company, Its Truste&s and advisers For the year ended 31 December 2023 Trustees Paul Dewdney, Chairman Charles Johnston, Vice Chair Elizabeth Cordingley Edward Knox, Treasurer for 2022 (resigned 21 January 2023) Cheryl Vernon Nicolas Bennell, Treasurer for 2023 Frances Sheehan lappoinled 21 January 20231 Julie Bowden {appoinled 26 February 20241 Company registered number 04311334 Charity registered number 201654 Registered office Jail Lane Biggin Hill Kent TN16 3AX Independent auditors Kreslon Reeves LLP Chartered Accounlanls Slalulory Auditor 37 Sl Margaret's Street Canterbury Kent CT12TU Page 1
Friends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee) Trustees, report For the year ended 31 December 2023 The Tiuslees present Iheir annual report together wilh the au(Siled financial slalemenls of the Friends of Animals Lea9ue for the year ended 31 December 2023. The Annual report serves the purposes of both a Trustees. report and a directors, report under ¢omp2ny law. The Trustees confirm that the Annual report and financial slalemenls of the ¢harilable company comply with the ¢urrenl slalulory requiremenls. Ihe requirements of the charitable company's goveining document and the provisions of the Slalemenl of Recommended Practice ISORPI applicable lo charities preparing their accounls in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland IFRS1021 {effeclive 1 January 2019). Since the company qualifies as small under section 382 of the Companies A¢1 2006, the Strategic report requiied of medium and large companies under the Companies Act 2006 (Slralegic Report and Directors, Report) Regulations 2013 has been omilled. Objectives and activities a. Objective The primary obje¢live of the Friends of Animals League IFOALI is lo relieve the suffering of animals. The mission of FOAL is lo lake in as many animals as can be properly cared for. restore them lo heallh and. where possible, find them good new homes or provide san¢luary and safely for life. In selllng objecllves and planning for aclivilies. the Trustees have given due ¢onslderalion to general guidance published by the Charity Commission relating lo public benefit. including the guidance 'Public benefit.. running a charity IPB2}'. Achlevements and performance a. Key performance Indlcators Al the year-end our nel surplus was £110,711 which compares lo a nel deficit of £200,419 for the previous year. With general funds al the year-end of £1,650,292 12022.. £1,668.361} and net cuirent assets of £748,520 we remain in a secure financial position at the end of 2023. The main income stream in 2023 remained legacies of £647,945 Iwmpared to £568,095 in 20221. Supporter donations increased by 160kn in 2023, despite the economic position, wnlirming the high regard FOAL has among ils supporters. The Trustees recognise that legacy income is unpiediclable and remain committed lo diversifying FOAL'S lundraising activities lo ensure the long-term future of the charity. A fundraising group comprising Iruslees and staff has been created lo focus on new income opportunities. The nel profil generated by the on-site and off-site retail oullels increased lo £146,485 12022.- £111.0191 emphasising the shift in shopping pallerns in the general public towards cheaper retail oullels we saw in 2022. Costs have been managed carefully bul have risen year on year with increased veterinary costs and the legal requirement lo increase slafl salaries. We spent £1,388,039 in 2023 Compared lo £1.348,540 in 2022 and £1.116,282 in 2021. The Iruslees are focused on conlinuing lo exercise robusl Cost conllol lo manage the impact inflation will have in 2024 as best possible. Page 2
Frlends of Animals Leaguo {A company Ilmlted by guarantee) Trustees, report Icontlnued} For the year ended 31 December 2023 Achlevements and performance Icontinuedl b. Review of activlties The financial year ending December 2023 remained relatively ¢hallenging for FOAL as il was for many charities. The Management team and staff were agile and effective in their approach and our volunteers were again dedicated and commilled lo helping FOAL achieve ils objective of providing sanctuary for animals in need despite the challenges. Their hard work and dedication are greatly appreciated by the Trustees and by the animals who ultimately benefit greatly from it. We continued lo benefit from legacy donations in 2023 which continue lo show how the work FOAL undertakes resonates with the local community. Those legacies ensure the financial stability of the charity and offer the trustees and farm management funds lo invest carefully for the future benefit of FOAL and ils beneficiaries. Following the generous donations of our supporters we replaced our animal ambulance with a brand-new ULEZ compliant vehicle in 2023. Ensuring the long-lerm financial secuiily of the farm remains a lop priority for the Iruslees who acknowledge that reliance on generous and very much welcomed legacy bequests is not a sustainable strategy. Despite the continued challenges which evolved through 2023, animal welfare remained the lop priority and the charity continued lo discharge ils primary purpose. lo provide sanctuary foT needy animals, wilhoul interruption or degradation. The management team handled the challenges well supported by all staff and volunteers. The table below shows total re-homed animals over the last 5 years.. Group 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Tolal 23 v 22 Small Animals 91 121 147 136 204 68 Cats 230 225 173 154 199 45 Dogs 175 143 85 149 155 Totals 489 405 439 558 119 Page 3
Friends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee) Trustees, report l¢ontlnued) For the year ended 31 Dgcèmber 2023 Achievements and performance Icontlnuedl Thi8 table shows the movement for 2023.. Animal Type Admitt] R&homed Retumed 2023 Retum 2022 Relum 2021 Retum 23v22 Birds Guinwa Pigs Small R(xlenls Rabbits 13 14 39 70 81 92 72 152 154 521 12 25 18 155 558 18 42 24 48 Totals Animal re-homing has increased significantly from 2022 and 2023 was our most successful year given the large volume of small animals re-homed. Overall animals admilled was up by 58. most of the increase being small rodents. We anlicipale a possible increase in large breed dogs during 2024 given the recent changes in the Dangerous Dogs legislation. c. Fundralslng activities and income generatSon Friends of Animals League is registered wlh and has paid the Levy required by the Fundraising Regulator. We have not reIVed any complaints relating lo fundraising during Ihls year. Financial review a. Going concern After making appropriate enquiries. the Trustees have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources lo continue in operational existence foT Ihe foreseeable future. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial slalemenls. Further details regarding the adoption of the going conrn basis can be found in the accounting policies. b. ReseeS policy The policy ensures we relain reserves equivalent lo 3 months expenditure wlh minimum liquid reseNes of £275,000. ReseNes al the balance sheet dale far exceed (he reseNes policy level bul the Trustees are implementing plans lo ensure the fulule financial suslainabilily of the charity and romove the Current reliarbce on legacies lo generate a surplus. Al the year-end we have lolal funds of £3,657,059 {2022-. £3,546,348}. These are split between unreslr¢cled funds which are used for the day-to-day activities of the Charity. a designated fixed assets fund which represents OLIT assets which are in use and cannot be easily realised., a reslricled fund which is used lo cover the cost of rebuilding the kennels and the Foal's Adoption and FosleT in Need reslri¢ted fund which is for long term foster care or for animals which have been adopted with recognised medical issues or other long-lem problems. Page 4
Friends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee) Trustees. report Icontinuedl For the year ended 31 December 2023 c. Material Investments pollcy The Board's investment policy is to relain the majority of ils reseNe in a combination of cash across a number of instant access accounts logelher wlh longer-lerm accounts that provide improved rates of interest. FOAL occasionally receives shares. unil trust investments and gills as part of legacy proceeds and ils policy remains lo relain such investments as long as they are listed on the London Stock Exchange and are readily realisable should the need arise. d. Principal risks and uncertalntles The Board have assessed the major risks to which the Chaiily is exposed in particular those relating lo operation and finance of the Charity. We are satisfied that systems are in place lo miligale the Charity's exposure to major Tisk. An updated iisk register is reviewed on a regular basis by the Board. e. Fundraising Friends of Animals League is registered with the Fundraising Regulator and always remains commilled lo meeting best practice fundraising standards and adhering lo the Code of Fundraising Practi and as such we follow all relevant guidelines and advi. Supporters and their needs are al the heart of our fundraising aclivilies. To prolect and maintain the high standards that we and the publi¢ expe¢t. we ensure that professional fundraiserg adhere lo our policies and practices, wilh particular attention paid lo vulnerable people. The Core of our fundraising strategy is delivered internally by our team of professional fundraisers and relationship managers and from lime lo lime we will work with external consullanls, agencies and other professional fundraising services lo complement our fundraising aclivily. We closely monitor and review the a¢livilies of all third parties lo ensure compliance and quality standards are aayS mel, by means of mystery shopping, call monitoring and sile visits and quality stsndards are always mel. We comply with all data protections requirements under GDPR and PECR and will action any requests for no further ¢onts¢l we receive directly or through the Fundraising preferen Service. Last year we received no complaints {2022'. none) related lo our financing aclimlies directly lo Friends of Animals League and no Complaints via the Fundraising Regulator. Page 5
Friends of Animals League {A company limited by guarantee) Trustees, report Icontlnuedl For the year ended 31 December 2023 Plan$ for future periods Alongside the main purpose of Ihe charity, lo offer a safe haven for animals in need, the trustees and management team will focus on meeting the short-lerm funding needs of the farm and building the foundations for a future less reliant on legacy income. A calendar of fundraising events is in place including the most financially beneficial Country Festival. These events geneTale immediate revenue and also generate new memberships, including our new Rex's Rangers membership for dogs, volunlears and ongoing linancial support from new benefa¢lors. We will continue lo oplimise the calendar of events and the events themselves to maximise the positive impact they have on FOAL. Ongoing maintenance and small investments in the fams appearance and onsite facilities will 81so help lo oplimise revenue from these events and day lo day visiloi¥. Looking longer term the trustees realise the importance of idenlifw'ng naw revenue streams lo minimise the reliance on legacies. This can only be achieved by increasing the public awareness of FOAL Farm, in particular amongst the younger generation. which will lead lo more memberships, sponsorships and visits lo the farm. A group of employees will be responsible for in¢reasing Ihe ¢harily's profile on social media siles and also lo introduce new technology lo increase donations. including QR codes around the farm linking directly lo websi16 donation pages. Following the generous donations from our patron. David Nolan of Bullernul Box. and his Shareholders, we intend lo renovate the old canine isolation block. This is one of the oldest buildings on the faim and is in need of a new roof and complete internal renovation lo provide more kennel space and other rooms lo be used for ovefflow or emergencies. We have also received other generous donations to help with replacing the farm's fencing, renovate the paddo¢k and concrete the drive passing areas. Structurei governance and management a. Constltutlon Friends of Animals League is registered as a charitable company limited by guarantee and was sel up by a Memoiandum ofAsso¢ialion. b. Methods of appolntment or olection of Trustees The management of the company is the responsibilily of the Trustees who are elected and co-opted under the terms of the Memorandum of Association. Page 6
Friends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee) Trustees. report Icontinued} For the year ended 31 December 2023 Structure. governance and management Icontlnuedl Statement of Trustees. responsibilities The Trustees (who are also the diredors of the company for Ihe purposes of company lawl are responsible for preparing the Trustees. report and the financial slalemenls in accordance with applicable law and Uniled Kingdom Accounting Standards {Uniled Kingdom Generally Accepted A¢counling Praclicel. Company law requires the Trustees to ppare financial statements for each financial year. Under company law. the Trustees must not approve the financial slalemenls unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of Ihe slate of affairs of the company and of ils incoming iesour¢es and application of resources, including ils income and expendilure, for that period. In preparing these financial slalemenls. the Trustees are required to- select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consislenlly", observe the methods and principles of the Charities SORP IFRS 1021. make judgements and aecounting eslimales that are reasonable and PTudenl', slate whether applicable UK Accounting Standards IFRS 1021 have been followeLI, subject lo any maleiial departures disclosed and explained in the financial slalemenls.. prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless il is inappropriate lo presume that the company will continue in business. The Trustees are iesponsible for keeping adequate accounting records Ihal are sufficient lo show and explain the companls transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy al any lime the financial position of the company and enable them lo enstjre that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also sponsible for safeguarding tho assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fiaud and other irregularities. Dlsclosure of information to auditors Each of the persons who are Trustees al the lime when this Trustees, report is approved has confim)ed Ihal.. so far as that Trustee is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the charity's auditors are unaware. and that Trustee has taken all the steps that ought lo have been taken as a Trustee in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and lo establish that the charilws auditors are aware of that information. Audltors The auditors, Kreslon Reeves LLP. have indicaled their willingness lo continue in office. The designaled Trustees will propose a motion reappointing the auditors al a meeling of the Trustees. Approved by order of the members of the board of Trustees and signed on their behalf by.. Paul Dewdney Chairman Dale- Page 7
Friends of Allimals League IA company limited by guaraiiteel Independent audltors. report to the Members of Friends of Animals League Oplnlon We hav6 avdiled the linancial slalemenls of Fiiends of Animals League Ilhe '¢haritable company'l for the year ended 31 December 2023 which comprise the Statement of financial aclivilies, the Balance sheet, the Slalemenl of cash flows and the relaled notes, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been 8ppli6d in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland. (United Kingdom Generally Accepted A¢counling Praclicel. In our opinion tho financial slalemenls.. give a true and fair view of the slate of the Charitable company's affairs as al 31 December 2023 and of ils incoming resources and application of resources, including ils income and expenditure for the year then ended.. have been property prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice., and have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Charities A¢1 2011. Basis for oplnSon We conducted oui audit in ac¢ordan¢e with Inlernalional Standards on Auditing {UKI {ISAs IUKI) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors. responsibilities for the audit of Ihfy financial slalemenls section of our report. We are independent of the charitable company in accordance wilh the ethical requirements that are relevant lo our audit of the financial slalemenls in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard. and we have fulfilled our olher ethical responsibilities in accordance with Ihese requirements. We believe that the audil evidence wa have oblaine(J is sufficient and appropriate lo provide a basis for our opinion. Conclusions relating to going concern In auditing the financial slalemenls, we have concluded that the Trustees, use of the going concern basis of accounling in the preparation of the financial slalemenls is appropri816. Based on the work wa have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating lo events or conditions that. individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the charitable companls ability lo continue as a going concein for a period of al least Iwelve months Irom when the financial slalemenls are aulhorised for issue. Our iesponsibililies and the responsibililies of the Trustees wlh respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report. Page 8
Friends of Animals League (A company limited by guarantee) Independent auditors. report to the Members of Frlends of Anlmals League Icontlnuedl Other information The other information comprises the information included in the Annual report other than the financial slalemenls and our Auditors, report Ihereon. The Trustees are responsible for the other information Contained within the Annual report. Our opinion on the financial slalemenls does not cover Ihe other information and, ex¢epl lo the extent otherwise explicitly slated in our report. we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is lo read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsislenl with the financial slalemenls or our knowledge obtained in the Course of the audit. or otherwise appears lo be materially misslaled. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misslalements, wo are ¥equired lo delemiine whether this gives rise lo a material misslalemenl in the financial slalemenls themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude Ihal there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required lo report that facl. We have nothing lo report in this regard. Opinion on olheT matters prescTibed by the Companies Act 2006 In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audf('. the infom)alion given in the Trustees, report for the financial year for which the financial slalements are prepared is consistent with the financial slalemenls. the TrLsslees' report has been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requiiemenls. Matters on whlch we are roqulred to report by exceptlon In the light of our knowledge and understanding of the charitable company and ils environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misslalemenls in the Trustees, report. We have nothing lo report in respect of the following mallers In relation to which Companies Act 2006 requires us to report lo you if, in our opinion.. adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us., or the financial slalemenls are not in agreement with the 8¢counling records and relurns., or certain disclosures of Trustees. remuneration specified by law are not made,. or we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.. or the Trustees were not enlilled lo prepare the financial statements in accordance with the small companies regime and lake advantage of the small companies, exemptions in preparing the Trustees. report and from the requirement lo prepare a Strategic report. Responslbllltles of trustees As explained more fully in the Trustees, responsibilities statement, the Trustees (who are also the dire¢lors of the charitable company for the purposes of company law) are responsible for the preparation of the financial slalemenls and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Tiuslees determine is necessary lo enable the preparation of financial slalemenls that are free from material misslalemenl, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial slalemenls. the Trustees are responsible for assessing the charitable comp8ny's ability to ¢onlinue as a going concern. disclosing. as applicable, mallers related lo going concern and using the going concern basis of ac¢ounling unless the TTuslees either intend lo liquidate the charitable company or lo cease operations, or have no realistic allernalive bul lo do so. Page 9
Friends of Anima15 League IA ¢ompany limited by guarantee) Independent auditors. report to the Memb8rs of Frlends of Animals League {contlnuedl Auditors, responslbllltles for the audil of the financlal statements We have been appoinled as auditor under section 144 of the Charities Act 2011 and report in accordance with the Act and relevant regulations made or having effect Ihereunder. Oui objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misslalemenl, whether due lo fraud or error, and lo issue an Auditors. ieport that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of a8suran¢e, bul is nol a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAS (UK) will always delecl a material misslalemenl when il exists. Misslalemenls can arise from fraud or eiror and ara considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economi¢ decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial slalemenls. Irregularities, including fraud, are inslan¢es of non-compliance with laws and re9ulalions. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, lo delecl material misslalemenls in respect of iriegularilies, including fraud. The extent lo which our procedures are capal)le of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below.. Capabilily ofih8 audit in detecting irregul&rili8s. including fraud The objectives of our audit are lo identify and assess the risks of material misslalemenl of the financial slalemenls due lo fraud or 6rror.' to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the assessed risks of material misslalemenl due lo fraud or error,. and lo respond appropriately lo those risks. Based on our understanding of the charitable sedor generally, and through discussion wilh the Trustees and other mana9omenl las required by auditing slandardsl, we identified that the principal risks of non-compliance with laws and regulalions related lo health and safely. anli-bribery and employment law. We considered the extent to which non-complian¢e might have a material effect on the financia5 slalemenls. We also Considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial slalemenls such as the Companies Act 2006, laxalion and pension legislation. We communicated identified laws and regulations throughout our team and remained alert lo any indications of non-compliance throughout the audit. We evaluated management's incentives and opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of the financial slalemenls (including the risk of override of controls), and determined that the principal risks were related lo posting inappropriate journal entries lo increase revenue or redu expenditure and management bias in ac¢ounling estimates and judgemenlal areas of the financial slalemenls. Audit procedures perfoimed by the engagement team included.. Discussions with management and assessment of known or suspected instanS of non-compliance wlh laws and regulations {including health and safely) and fraud., and Assessment of identified fraud risk faclors., and Review of cash expenditure lo confirm no evidence of personal benefit,. and Identifying and assessing the design effecliveness of controls thal management has in pla to PTevenl and delecl fraud., and Challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in ils significant accounting eslimales; and Performing analytical procedures lo identify any unusual or unexpected relationships. including related party Iransaclions, that may indicate risks of material misslalemenl due lo fraud., Confirmation of related parties with management, and ¥eview of Iransaclions throughout the period lo identify any previously undisclosed transactions with related parties outside the nonmal course of business.. and Reading minutes of meetings of those charged with governance., and Review of internal controls and physical inspection of tangible assets susceptible lo fraud OT Iiregularily.. and Review of significant and unusual transactions and evaluation of the underlying financial rationale supporting the Iransaclions., and Identifying and lesling journal entries, in particular any manual entries made at the yeaT end for financi81 statement preparation. Page 10
Friends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee) Independent auditors. report to the Members of Frlends of Anlmals League Icontlnuedl Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk Ihal we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstalemenl in the financial slalemenls or non-compliance with regulalion. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and Iiansaclions reflected in the financial slalemenls, as we will be less likely lo become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due lo fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment. forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresenlalion. As part of an audit in accordance with ISAS (UKI, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also- Identify and assess the risks of material misslalement of the financial slatemenls, whether due lo fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive lo those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate lo provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not dele¢ting a material misslalemenl resulling from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error. as fraud may involve ¢ollusion, forgery, intentional omissions. misrepresenlalions. or the override of internal control. Obtain an understanding of internal control ielevanl to the audit in order lo design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, ljul not for the purpose of expressing an opinion of the effectiveness of the charitable company's internal control. Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting polieS used and the reasonableness of accounting eslimales and related disclosures made by the Trijstees. Conclude on the appropriateness of the Trustees, use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit eviden obtained, whether a material uncertainly exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the charitable company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists. we are required lo draw allenlion in our Auditors, report to the related dis¢losures in the financial slalements or. if su¢h dis¢losures are inadequate, lo modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up lo Ihe dale of our Auditors, report. However, future events or conditions may cause the ¢harilable company lo ¢ease lo ¢onlinue as a going cOnr. Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial slalemenls, including the disclosures, and whether the financial slalemenls represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. We communicate with those charged with governance regarding. among other mallers, the planned scope and liming of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. Page 11
Friends of Animals League {A company Ilmited by guaranteel Independent auditors, report to the Members of Frlends of Anlmals Leagu& Icontlnued) Use of our report This report is made solely lo the charitable company's trustees, as a body, in accordan with Part 4 of the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might slate lo the charitable company's Iruslees those mallers we ale required lo siale lo them in an Auditors. report and lor no other purpose. To the fullest extent permilled by law. we do not accept or assume responsibility lo anyone olher Ihan the charitable company and ils members, as a body, for our audil work, for this report. or for the opinions we have formed. Il.,k LL Samantha Rouse FCCA DChA {Senior slalulory auditor} for and on behalf of Kreslon Reeves LLP Chartered Accounlanls Slalulory Auditor Canlerbury Date.. 29 J une 2024 Page 12
Friends of Anlmals League IA company IiTMiled by guarantee) Statement of financial activities lincorporating income and expenditure accountl For the year ended 34 December 2023 Unrestricted funds 2023 Restricted funds 2023 Total funds 2023 Total funds 2022 Note Income from: Donations and legacies Charitable activities Other trading activities Investments 903,107 84,556 243,601 21,947 11,672 151.702 1.054,809 84,556 243,601 21,947 11,672 793,759 62.927 180.176 8,431 15.918 Other income Total Income 1,264,883 151,702 1,416,585 1,061,211 Expendlture on: Raising funds Charitable activities 33.829 1,353,710 33.829 1,354,210 21,903 1.218,015 500 Total expenditure 1,387.539 soo 1,388.039 1,239,918 Net {expendlturelllncoMe before net gainslllossesl on investments Nel gainsl{losses) on investments 1122.6561 82,165 151.202 28.546 82.165 1178,707) 121.712) Net lexpenditurellincome Transfers between funds 140.4911 51,870 151.202 151,8701 110,711 1200,419) 18 Net movement in fund5 11,379 99,332 110,711 1200.4191 Reconciliation of funds: Total funds brought fOard Net movement in funds 3,494,388 11.379 51,960 99,332 3,546,348 110,711 3.746.767 (200,4191 Total funds carrled foNJard 3,505,767 151,292 3,657,059 3,546.348 The Slalemenl of finan¢ial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. The notes on pages 16 to 32 form part of these financial slalemenls. Page 13
Friends of Anlmals League IA coinpany limited by guaranteel Registered number: 04311334 Balance sheet As at 31 Decembèr 2023 2023 2022 Not8 Fixed assets Tangible assets Inveslmenls 13 14 1,855.476 1,053,063 1.826,028 970,898 2.908.539 2,7,926 Current assets Stocks 15 16 6.013 409,663 427,665 2,385 435,761 393,700 Debtors Cash al bank and in hand 843.341 831,846 CrediloTs.' amounts falling due within one year 17 194,8211 182.424) Net current assets 748,520 749.422 Total net assets 3,657,059 3,546,348 Charity funds Reslricled funds 18 151.292 3,505.767 51,960 3.494.388 Unrestri¢led funds Total funds 3,657,059 3,546,348 The Trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the A¢1 with respect lo accounting records and preparation of financial slalemenls. The financial slalements have been prepared in acwrd8n¢o with the provisions applicable lo entities subject lo the small companies regime. The financial slalemenls wor8 approved and aulhorised for issue by the Trustees and signed on their behalf by. Paul Dèwdney Chairman Dale.. 28106124 The notes on pages 16 10 32 form part of these financial slalemenls. Page 14
Friends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee} Statement of cash flows For the year ended 31 December 2023 2023 2022 Note Cash flows from operating activities Nel cash used in operating aclivilies 21 89,311 {101.170) Cash flows from Investing activities Dividends and interest from investments Purchase of tangible fixed assets 21,947 8,431 {77,2931 {138,640) Net cash used in investing activitios {55,3461 {130,2091 Change in cash and cash equivalents in the year Cash and cash equivalents al the beginning of the year 33,965 (231,3791 625,079 393,700 Cash and cash equivalents at the end of th8 year 22 427,665 393,700 The notes on pages 1610 32 form part of these financial statements Page15
Friends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee) Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2023 General Informatlon Friends of Animals is a ¢harilable company, limited by guarantee, incorporated in England and Wales. The Charity's re9islered Offi is Foal Faim Animal Rescue Cenlre, Jail Lane, Biggin Hill. The charitable activities of the charity is to relieve the suffering of animals. In the event of the company being wound up, the liability in respect of the guarantee is limilad lo £1 per member of the company. Accountlng policies 2.1 Basls of preparatlon of financial statements The financial slalemenls have been prepared in accordan with the Charities SORP IFRS 102} Accounting and Reporting by Charities.. Slalemenl of Recommended Practice applicable lo charilies preparing their accounts in accordance with the Finan¢ial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republi¢ of Ireland IFRS 1021 {effeclive l January 20191. the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland {FRS 1021 and the Companies Act 2006. Friends of Animals League meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102. Assets and liabilities are initially recognised al historical cost or Iransa¢lion value unless otherwise stated in the relevant accounting policy. 2.2 Income All income is recognised On the company has entillemenl lo Ihe income, il is probable thal the income will be reiVed and the amount of income receivable can be measured reliably. The recognition of income from legacies is dependent on eslaljlishing enlillemenl. the probability of reIpt and the ability lo eslimalo wilh sufficienl accuracy the amount receivable. Evidence of enlillemenl lo a legacy exists when the company has sufficient evidence that a gift has been left lo them Ilhrough knowledge of the existence of a valid will and the dealh of the benefaclorl and the exe¢ulor is satisfied that the property in question will not be required lo satisfy claims in the estate. Receipt of a legacy musl be re¢ognised when il is probable that il will be received and the fair value of the amount receivable, which will generally be the expected cash amount lo be distributed lo the company. can be reliably measLsred. Grants are included in the Statement of financial aclivilies on a receivable basis. The balance of Income received for specific purposes bul not expended duiing the period is shown in the relevant funds on the Balance sh&el. Where income is received in advan of enlillemenl of reipl, its recognition is deferred and included in creditors as deferred income. Where enlillemenl occurs before income is received, the income is accwed. Gifts in kind donated for dislribulion are included al valuation and recognised as income when they are distributed lo the projecls. Gifts donated for resale are included as income when Ihoy are sold. Donated facilities are included al the value to the company where this can be quanlilied and a third party is bearing the cost. No amounts are included in the financial statements for services donated by volunteers. Donated services or facilities are recognised when the company has control over the item, any conditions associaled with the donated item have been met, the receipt of economic benefit fiom the use of the company of the item is probable and thal economi¢ benefit can be measured reliably. In accordance with the Charilies SORP (FRS 102). the general volunteer lime of the FTiends is not recognised and refer to the Trustees, report for more infomalion about their conlribulion. Page 16
Friends of Animals League {A company limited by guarantoel Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2023 Accounting policies Icontinuedl 2.2 Income Icontlnuedl On receipt, donated professional SeNiS and facilities are recognised on the basis of the value of Ihe gift lo the company which is the amount il would have been willing lo pay lo obtain ServIS or facilities of equivalent economic benefil on the open market,. a corresponding amount is then re¢ognised in expenditure in the period of receipt. Income lax recoverable in relation lo donations received under Girt Aid is recognised al the lime of Ihe donation. Income lax recoverable in relation lo investment income is recognised al the lime the investment income is reiVal)le. 2.3 Expendlture Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or Constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit lo a third party, it is probable Ihal a transfer of economic benefits will be required in selllemenl and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure on raising funds in¢ludes all expenditure incurred by the company lo raise funds for ils charitable purposes and includes costs of all fundraising adivilies events and nonrfharilable trading. Expenditure on charitable activities is incurred on diredly undertaking the activities which further the ¢omp8nls objectives, as well as any associated support costs. 2.4 Interest receivable Interest on funds held on deposit is included when receivable and the amount can be measured reliably by the company,, this is normally upon nolificalion of the interest palé or payable by the inslilulion with whom the funds are deposited. 2.5 Tangible fixed assets and depreciation Tangible fixed assets costing £1,000 or more are capilalised and re¢ognised when future economic benefits are probable and the cost or value of the asset can be measured reliably. Tangible fixed assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model. tangible fixed assets are measured al cost less accumulated depreciation and any a¢cumulaled impaiTment losses. All costs incurred lo bring a tangible fixed asset into ils inlen(led working condition should be included in the measurement of cost. Depreciation is charged so as lo allocate the cost of tangible fixed assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives. using the sliaighl-line method. Depreciation is provided on the following bases.. Freehold property Fixtures and filling Motor vehicles Office equipment Over SO years Over 5 years Over 3 years Over 5 years Page 17
Frlends of Anlmals League IA company Ilmltèd by guarantee) Notes to the financial statements For tho year ènded 31 December 2023 Accountlng poll¢les Icontlnuedl 2.6 Investments Fixed asset inveslmenls are a form of financial instrument and are initially recognised al Ihelr transaction cost and subsequently measured al fair value at the Balance sheet dale, unless the value cannot be measured reliably in which case il is measured al cost less impairmenl. Inveslmenl gains and losses. whelher realised or unrealised, are combined and presented as 'Gainsl(Lossesl on inveslmenls, in the Slalement of financial aclivilies. 2.7 Stocks Stocks are valued 81 the lower of cost and nel realisable value after making due allowance foi obsolete and slow-moving stocks. Cost includes all direct costs and an appropriate proportion of fixed and variable overheads. 2.8 Debtors Trade and other debtors are re¢ognised al the selllement amount after any trade discount offered. Piepaymenls are valued al the amount prepaid nel of any trade discounts due. 2.9 Cash at bank and in hand Cash al bank and in hand in¢ludes cash and short-lerm highly liquid investments with a short malurily of three months or less from the data of acquisition or opening of the deposit or similar account. 2.10 Llabllltles and provlslons Llabililies are racognised when there is an obligation al the Balance sheet dale as a result of a past event, il is probable that a Iransfer of economic benelil will be required in settlement. and the amount of the selllement can be eslimaled reliably. Liabilities are recognised al Ihe amount that the company anlicipales it will pay lo sellle the debt or the amount il has received as adVand payments for the goods or services il musl provide. Provisions are measured al the best estimate of the amounts required to sellle the obligation. Wheie the effect ol the lime value of money is material. the provision is based on the present value of those amounls, discounted al the pre-tax discount rale that rene¢ls the risks specific lo the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised in the Slalemenl of financial a¢tivilies as a finance cost. 2.11 Financial instruments The company only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial insliumenls. Basic financial inslrumenls are initially recognised al transaction value and subsequently measured al their selllemenl value with the exception of bank loans which are subsequently measured al amortised cost using the effective interest method. 2.12 Operatlng leases Rentals paid undeT operating leases are charged lo the Slalemenl of financial aclivilles on a slfaight line basis over the lease lerm. 2.13 Penslons The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme and the pension charge represents the amounts payable by the company lo the fund in respect of the year. Page 18
Friènds of Animals League IA company Ilmlted by guarantee) Notes to the financial statements Forthe year ended 31 December 2023 Accounting policies Icontinuedl 2.14 Fund accountlng General funds are unreslricled funds which are available for use al the discretion of the Trustees in furtherance of the general objectives of the ¢ompany and which have not been designated for other purposes. Designated funds comprise unreslricled funds that have been sel aside by the Trustees for particular purposes. The aim and use of each designaled fund is sel out in the notes lo the financial statements. Restricted funds are funds which are lo be used in accordance wilh specific reslri¢lions imposed by donors or which have been raised by the company for particular purposes. The costs of raising anLI administering such funds are charged against the specific fund. The aim and use of each reslricled fund is sel out in the notes lo the financial slalemenls. Investment income, gains and losses are allocated to the appropriate fund. Page 19
Friends of Anlmals League IA company limited by guarantee) Notes to the flnan¢lal statements For the year ended 31 December 2023 Income from donations and legacies Unrestricted Restricted funds funds 2023 2023 Total funds 2023 Total funds 2022 Donations Legacies Grants 224,312 647,945 11,000 19,850 151,202 375,514 647,945 11,500 19,850 193,259 568,095 11,780 20,625 500 Memberships and subscriptions 903,107 151.702 1.054,809 793,759 Total 2022 745,989 47,770 793.759 Income from charitable activitles Unrestrlcted funds 2023 Total funds 2023 Tolal funds 2022 Animal adoption receipts Other in¢ome 61.649 22.907 81,649 22,907 38,510 24,417 84,556 84,556 62,927 Total 2022 62,927 62,927 Page 20
Friend5 of Anlmals League IA company limited by guarantee) Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2023 Income from other trading activities Income from fundralslng events Unrestricted funds 2023 Total funds 2023 Total funds 2022 Sale of new and donated goods Other fundraising activities Community fundraising 193.152 41.163 a.286 193,152 41,163 9,286 157,950 20.241 1,985 243,601 243,601 180.176 Total 2022 180,176 180,176 Investment income Unrestrict&d funds 2023 Total funds 2023 Tolal funds 2022 Dividends Interest 18,719 3,228 18,719 3,228 7,247 1,184 21,947 21,947 8.431 Total 2022 8,431 8,431 Page 21
Frlends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee) Notes to the financial statements For th& year elided 31 December 2023 Other income Unrestrlcted funds 2023 Total funds 2023 Total funds 2022 LNe-in rent Kickstart income 11,672 11,672 15,918 11,672 11,672 15.918 Total 2022 15,918 15,918 Analysls of expenditure on charitable actlvltles Summary by fund typ8 Unrestrlctèd funds 2023 Restricted funds 2023 Total 2023 Total 2022 Charitable activities 1,353,710 500 1,354,210 1.218,015 Total 2022 1,211.235 6.780 1,218,015 Analysls of expenditure by activities Support costs 2023 Total funds 2023 Total funds 2022 Dlrect costs 2023 Charitable activities 1,108,793 245,417 1,354,210 1.218.015 Total 2022 1,024.054 193,961 1,218,015 Page 22
Frlends of Animals League {A company Ilmlted by guarantee) Notes to th& financial statements For the year ei)ded 31 December 2023 Analysls of expenditure by activities Icontlnuedl Analysis of direct costs Total funds 2023 Total funds 2022 Staff costs Depreciation Animal food and supplies Veterinary supplies and services Subconlra¢tor cost Bad debt written off 797,372 47,845 120,272 141,744 1,560 747,287 45.845 102.823 116,819 11.160 120 1.108,793 1.024.054 Analysis of support costs Total funds 2023 Total funds 2022 Recruilmenl, welfare and staff training Rates. light. heal and power Insurance Repairs and maintenance 2,286 140.903 10.539 37,871 1,320 89,266 9.738 43,273 É li Telephone and fax IT expenses Printing, postage and stationery Subs¢riplions Hire of photocopier Sundry expenses Vehicle running costs Consultancy and professional fees Bank charges Auditors, remuneration 881 12,061 1,830 783 6.054 451 3.331 11.581 2,036 473 6.264 518 6,670 7,268 8,445 9,375 6,892 5.085 6.344 7,840 245.417 193.961 Page 23
Friends of Animals League IA company limited by guarantee) Not&s to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2023 10. Auditors. remuneratlon The auditors. remuneration amounts lo an auditor fee of £8,500 P022 £7,840), and other seNices of £1.62512022 - £ -). 11. Staff costs 2023 2022 Wages and salaries Social security Costs Pension C(lS 726,729 50,372 20,271 688,036 40.285 18.966 797.372 747.287 One ex-gralia payment was made with regards lo the Trustees, decision lo not renew a fixed-lerm contract {2022'. None). The ¢harily fell il had a moral obligation lo make this payment in recognition of the individual's contribution to the charity. This ex-gralia payment lotalled £1,231, all of which was paid during the year12022.' £Nil). The average number of persons employed by the company during the year was as follows.. 2023 2022 Average number of employees 39 40 No employee received remuneration amounting to more than £60.000 in either year. Remuneration and benefits received by key management personnel during the year {including employe¢s national Insuran conlribulionsl amounted lo £92,00312022 - £71,957). 12. Trustees. reMun8ration and expenses During the year. no Trustees received any remuneration or other benefits {2022 - £NILI. During the year ended 31 December 2023. expenses lolalling £126 were reimbursed or paid directly lo 3 Trustees {2022- £5,868). This related lo purchases for events and shop slock. Page 24
Frlends of Animals League IA company Ilmlted by guarantee) Notes to the financial statements For the year elided 31 December 2023 13. Tanglble fixed assets Freehold property Motor Fixtures and vehlcles flttlngs Office equlpment Total Cost or valuation Al 1 January 2023 Additions 2.846,315 25,336 39.829 33.490 8.730 52.114 18.467 2,946,988 77.293 Al 31 Dember 2023 2.871,651 73.319 8.730 70.581 3,024,281 Depreciation Al 1 January 2023 Charge for the year 1.023.181 42.889 39,829 3,684 8,640 90 49,310 1.182 1,120,980 47.845 At 31 December 2023 1,066,070 43,513 8,730 50,492 1,168,805 Net book value At 31 Dember 2023 1,805,581 29,806 20,089 1,855,476 At 31 December 2022 1,823,134 90 2,804 1,826,028 14. Fixed asset investments Llsted Investments Cost or valuatlon Al 1 January 2023 Revaluations 970,898 82.165 Al 3lDeMber 2023 1,053,063 Net book value Al 310ecember 2023 1.053,063 At 31 December 2022 970,898 Page 25
Frlends of Anlmals Leagtje {A company Ilmlted by gvaranteel Notes to the financial statements For the year endad 31 D&c&mk)er 2023 15. Stocks 2023 2022 Finished goods and goods for resale 6,013 2,385 16. Debtors 2023 2022 Due wlthln one year Trade debtors other debtors Prepayments and accrued income 27 7,508 416,118 12,135 394.428 15.208 409,663 435,761 17. Creditors.. Amounts falling due wlthln one year 2023 2022 Trade Creditors Other taxation and social security Other creditors Accruals 34,902 15,234 25,839 18,846 30,767 11,587 21.077 18,993 94.821 82,424 Page 26
Friends of Anlmals League IA company limited by guaranteel Notes to the financial stateinents Forthe year ended 31 December 2023 18. Statement of funds Statement of funds - current year Balance at 31 Galnsl December (Losses) 2023 Balance at 1 January 2023 Transfers inlout Income Expenditure Unrestrlcted funds Designated funds Tangible assets 1,826,027 (47,8451 77,293 1,855,475 General funds Unreslricled income fund Total Unrestricted funds 1,668,361 1,264,883 11,339,694) 125,4231 82,165 1,650,292 3,494,388 1,264,883 11,387,539) 51,870 82,165 3,505.767 Restrlctèd funds Kennel rebuild Animal ambulance fund Vet bills Kennel training rooms 34.460 107.111 (15,1101 126.461 12.500 14.034 500 {26,5341 Isoo} 10,057 10,057 Drainage and cow fencing Storage shed Total Restricted funds 20,000 {10,2261 9,774 5,000 5.000 51,960 151,702 15001 {51,8701 151,292 Total of funds 3,546,348 1,416,585 {1,388,039) 82,165 3.657,OS9 Page 27
Friends of Anlmals League {A company limited by guarantee) Notes to the flnanclal statements Forthe year ended 31 December 2023 18. Statoment of funds {continuedl Kennel rebuild This fund was sel up to cover costs of rebuilding the kennels. Animal Ambulan Fund Funding lo pay for a new ambulance lo transport animals that require vital Irealmenls and procedures. Vel Bills The charity received a grant in the year lo cover Ihe cost of vet bills for the month of March. Storage shed A donation was received for the conslruclion of a storage shed. Kennel training rooms The charity received a donation in the year lo cover costs lo rebuild the training rooms. Drainage and cow fencing A donation was received for the kennel diainage works and cow fencing. Page 28
Friends of Animals League {A company limited by guarantee) Notes to the financial statements Forthe year ended 31 December 2023 18. statement of funds Icontinuedl Statement of funds- prior year Balance al 31 December 2022 Balance at 1 January 2022 Transfers Gainsl (Losses) Income Expenditure Unrestricted funds Designatgd funds Tangible assets 1,733,232 {45,845} 138.640 1,826.027 General funds Unreslri¢led income fund 1,865.5S4 1,013,441 (1,187,293} 11,6691 121,712} 1.668.361 Total Unrestricted funds 3,598,826 1,013,441 {1,233,138) 136.971 121,712) 3,494.388 Resliicled funds Kennel rebuild Animal ambulance fund 135,327 35,990 {136.8571 34,460 12,500 12.500 Goal hard standing Stable roof 114 {1141 4,580 5.000 14,580) storage shed Wildflower garden Art( repairs Total Restricted funds 5,000 1,200 1.000 11,200) 11.000) 147,941 47,770 16,780) {136,9711 51.960 Total of funds 3,746,767 1,061.211 (1,239.918) 121,712) 3,546.348 Page 29
Friends of Anlmals League {A company limited by guarantee) Notes to the flnancial statements For the year ended 31 December 2023 19. Summary offund5 Summary offunds- current year Balanco at 31 December 2023 Balance at 1 January 2023 Transfers inlout Galnsl ILosses) Income Expendlture Designated funds 1.826,027 1,668,361 51,960 {47,8451 {1,339,6941 15001 77,293 {25,4231 {51,8701 1,855.475 1,650,292 151,292 General funds Reslricled funds 1,264,883 151,702 82.165 3,546.348 1,416,585 11,388,039) 82,165 3.657.059 Summary of funds- prlor year Balance at 31 December 2022 Balance al 1 January 2022 Transfers inlout Gainsl (Losses) Income Expendiluro Designated funds General funds Reslricled funds 1,733,232 1,865,594 147,941 (45,845) {1,187,2931 {6,7801 138,640 11,6691 1136,971) 1,826.027 1,668,361 51,960 1.013.441 47,770 {21.712) 3,746.767 1.061,211 {1,239.9181 {21,7121 3.546.348 20. Analysls of net assets between funds Analysls of net assets between funds - current year Unrestrlcted Re$trlcted funds funds 2023 2023 Total funds 2023 Tangible fixed asset¥ Fixed asset investments Current assets cdItorS due within one yeai 1,855,476 1.053.063 692.049 194.8211 1,855.476 1,053.063 843,341 194,8211 151,292 Total 3,505,767 151,292 3.657.059 Page 30
Friends of Animals League IA company Ilmlted by guarantee) Notes to the finan¢lal statements For the year ended 31 December 2023 20. Analysls of net assets between funds Icontinuedl Analysis of net assets between funds - prlor year Unresl¥icled funds 2022 Reslricled funds 2022 Total funds 2022 Tangible fixed assets Fixed asset investments Curient assets Creditors dve within one year 1,826,028 970,898 779,886 182,4241 1.826.028 970.898 831,846 {82,4241 51,960 Total 3.494,388 51,960 3,546,348 21. Reconclllatlon of net movement In funds to net cash flow from operating actlvltles 2023 2022 Nel incomelexpendilure for the year (as per Slalement of Financial Activiliesl 110,711 1200,4191 Adlustments for.. DepTecialion charges Lossesllgainsl on investments Dividends. interests and rents from investments Increase in stocks {Increaselldecrease in debtors Increaselldecreasel in ciedilors 47,845 182.1651 121.9471 13,6281 240.870 12.397 45,844 21,713 {8,4311 253 51,308 (11,4381 Net cash provlded byllused Inl operating activities 304.083 1101.1701 22. Analysis of cash and cash oqulvalents 2023 2022 Cash in hand 427,665 393,700 Page 31
Friends of Anlmals League IA company limlted by guaranteel Notes to the flnancial statements For the year ended 31 December 2023 23. Analysis of change5 in net debt At1 January 2023 Cash flows At3a December 2023 Cash at bank and in hand 393.700 33,965 427,665 24. Penslon ¢ommltm8nts The charity operates a defined conlfibulion pension scheme for ils employees. The pension cost charge for the period represents contributions payable by the charity lo the scheme and amounted lo £20.271 {2022= £18.9661. Al the balance sheet dale £5,383 was recognised as a liability owed to the scheme {2022.. £5.1821. 25. Operating lease commltments At 31 D8¢ember 2023 the company had commilmenls lo make future minimum lease payments under nonwcancellable operating leases as follows.. 2023 2022 Not later than 1 year Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years 20.213 27.299 10,419 22.914 47,512 33,333 26. Related party transactions The charity engaged with T Kilsby, the brother-in-law of a Iruslee. in relation to the provision of labour services. Expenditure in the year was £1,56012022.' £11,220) with a balance of £Nil {2022.' £9601 owed by the charity as al 31 December 2023. C Vernon, the mother of a Trustee. was reimbursed for £1.22112022'. £549} relating lo expenses incurred during volunteering dulios. There is no balance owed al Ihe year end. All year, Mrs L Bennell. wife of Mr N Bennett (Trustee) was employed al the Charity as the Finance Manager. L 8ennell's employment. whi¢h commenced on 0111012020, was made in open competition and before N Bennell's appointment as a Trustee. L Bennell is paid within the normal pay scale for her role and reiVeS no special treatment as a iesull of her ielalionship lo a Trustee. 27. Controlling party There 18 no ultimate ntrollIng party. Page 32