2024-03-31-accounts

TF,E HISTORY OF PIIRLIAMENT Britiq i PolitiC411, Social & Lo¢al History Jennie Davey. D•rector Hlsiory of Parliameni 18 8kiom5bury Square London WCIA 2NS 020 7467 9811 Charlty Commisslon PO 80x211 Bootle L20 7YX 28 January 2025 Dear Slr/Madam Re: Hlstory ol Parllament Trust. Annu•l Report ènd Aca>unts •ttoMp￿1￿ th• Charity CommI￿￿Th Annual Returns 2021124 Fomier tNst- 3060X New Tru5t- 1202L The attached annual report and accounts. 5ubmltleé wfth the anni".al reitsrns cover the entlre financial year 2023124 for both the old Trust1306034) and the Trust11202089I. The Trusiees ol ihe Hislory of Parliament submitted a S￿ressful •i)pllcatlon to the Charlty Commission for a new charity to be registered as a Charitable Incoi porated Or8anlsation {ClO). which was approved on 27 Febfuary 2023 (The Hlstory of Parliame it Trust. Charity No. 1202089) and with the agreement of the Tw5tees of bDth the old and new bt)d4es. all the a￿et$. Ilabililies and operations of the exis1in8 Trust were Iranslefred to the new Trtssl i)n 31 ALWUSI 2023. The audlted financial staiements have been prepared on a goln8 concem basis following a thorough assessmenl of the Trusys artivilte5 and level of financial risk over the 12 monihs folkwln8 the date of approval of thE 51otements. As all the •ssets. liabllitles an6 operatlons of th exisrln8 Tfusi have been Iransferred to the new, l)oth have been presented as a c(xnblned set of account5 usinB mefger accounting under the Charities Staiement of Recommended Pra¢ti,=e ISORP) IFRS 102). The same Set of accounts will be used to complete the annual retum for both enllties. My Finance Mèna8er was advised by telephone by the Chrity CommisslDn on 15January 2025. th•t for compltiitin ol the annual reiurns fr>¥ each entity. Siven the cessatiDn ol the old Tnast MAI financial year, and the (￿at40ft of the new= To complete a partial annujl return lor éach chority lth a cut off date of tl 31 A￿[st 2023 lor the old Tfu5t. To attach • coverln8 letter to tr* •nnu•l report and accourits showire spllts for e•ch chath aThd explainlng lor any ￿ader how the 12 month5 figures diwide between the Z entities. The flMncl•l sutement for IM>ih entliles Ire therefore prwnted bebDW. These have not been subject to audit. althou8h the fvll flrnatKial year accounts hive bee4. Yours slncere J•nnl• D•vey Dirertor

I ¥IIz 81 1 121 gl 51

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENTTAUST 3ALANCE SHEET Chaitrty number 02089 Asat31 AIiiu112023 A%•131 Maf¢h 2023 Rx•d Assets ToDgible F￿e￿ Assets 2235 Cwi•TrlAss•ts Slock ol Put>uCai￿OS O•btors and Prepayments Short Term lThvestments Cash In hand ai the tjank 103,274 216,946 473,121 365.270 254.369 478.597 $45,218 1.158.611 1.348,085 Curr•nt Llabllltl•s CreOi1015'. 4mounls fUlni du• 44iihin c n• yeai 150.680) (98.4191 N•1 Cyr￿n1 Ass•ls 1.107,931 1.249,686 ToL•lA$s•ts l•$$ Curr•rf Uabmltles 1.110,166 1.251.322 Provlslons toi LlablllU$ •nd Ch•ryes (2iXI.r)001 1208.360) Ntl Asseis 910.166 1,042.962 The lund5 01 th• ch¥rtty Unitsiticrtd Funds R¢gtrKted Funds Toi•l 6.422 4.744 910,166 1.038.218 4.744 1.042.962 Pleas• noi•, the baiarKe sheet for ihe lull financlwlyéaf has been sublict to 8udli. Please see Qui annual report acCo￿nIs. The balanc•s ai the21AupJst 2023 hlve not been sublect lo aydlL

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST R•gl$t•r•d Charlty Number: 1202089 ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024 HISYOAY OF PAAUAMEPIT Trusr- TAUSTEES ANNUAL AEPQRT APID ACCOVNYS 202>24

HISTORY OF PARUAMEMT TRUST Ltyal. referv￿O arrfj •JmiiMtratJve dotsi Financial review 202&34 Slatwnent crf resp￿Ibili11tIs 01 T1￿￿tee8 and kcounling Governa￿¢ Stalamenl 39 R•wt ol WKI p￿litOr Gw*al 43 FIn￿l01 Slalements 48 Slalement of Fuwnc￿l ktrd)tss 49 stst8ment of Cash Fkxvs Notes to Ihe fina￿181 slatefflents 51 HISTORYth¢ PARUAMENfThusT-TRusfEESANNUAL REPOPT ANO ACCOUtirs z023-24

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST LEGAL REFERENCE ANO ADA4INISTRAnVE DETAILS Charty nom• ttyy of Pl&Bm•rt Tw8t Chty numl)•r Fofmw Tn*t T[￿t 1202fA9 Data of trwislar of aJs818. I￿rti￿8 and waliwa Ctropt•J Sw Chi¢ Bry￿1 W>. (io Oclobw 2023) Rt. Fknn. The Li￿d Clark of W1￿1￿M￿o

nathan DjwKoly Ri. FJn. Kwasi Kwartery Ltyd Lis¥ane KCB DL To 31 2023 From 31 2023 To O¢t 2023 To JU￿ 2024 To kn 2024 0￿8 Cl¥• thxiarty (Trea8wer)' Pro1sts￿ Tho LMI Norton of Louth (Ch8lr)" Rt. F)n CPv)s Skrflmore tr Q'kny 8¥onnèss DiBrm ProlesscK Pam Cox Fffjffi 23 Juty 2024 From 23 2024 From 23 2024 "Nknber of Execut￿8 Ccmmittée it Dewty Speaker L¢x(Is: Ltrd Ggrdirw ol Kirn14e (kn126 ￿rI 2tr24 Strthir Dewy Sp&aker crf of L￿¢5. Ltyd Loxd8n ol Lrd ol Kknble From 27 2024 Chainn8n ol Ways WKJ l¥kn•: Rl. Darr• Ithul 4 J￿Y 2024 CNmian of Ways Kkn.. ￿￿￿ra1 Glwx I Ex-OffiC￿ c￿( Pti8mentg, of Lor(Is" Patrk.k V￿rn￿, en btkn1rf 01 Simon 8(vt￿ (frryn Octotw 2022) Clerk Assis￿¢ the of Commor¢J.' k8 Sah D8v188 From 23 2024 Yes Y•8 ~ Ex￿￿10 tnAt••s ￿ aw¥irted ￿ a resutt of r rxjsttK￿ llo, Clerk ty sp•ak ) ralhar th Dr P4Jam Ev4n•. B S¢rior tho Of Yes In 2022123 Ihe Trust88S appled lo Ihe Charity Commissron for Iho ueation of a r Chanlable Incorpofaled Organ￿atiOn.lc1OI ￿th the lrtle ol Ihe History of Pafllamenl Trust whith would replace the forn￿r Trust. established on 31 Dèc(imbÈf 1940. The Charlty Commission accepithl the applIcal￿n , and the new CIO was regtslerod in February 2023 wilh a new Charity Numbef 1202089. The assets.15abilllies aid the operations of thè Trust were Iransferr8d lo the rwi CIO on 31 August 2023. Hencefi)rth, the lerm HPT will be used lo denote the new TrusL HISTORY Of PARLIAMÉNT TrUSY- TRUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT AND KC(IVNT5 202>24

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST LEGAL AND AOMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION . CONTINUED Chty nwnbor F¢)mer Trusl 3Q6034 Trusl 1202089 Edorig1 Board mb•rs Dr Paul Cav41 (Lknwsty ol caM￿l￿Oe) Professor RKhard Cust IUnNersty o18Mtr¥Jham) 0¢ P•ry GaLti (Uiiiwarsty ol Oxford) Pro1088or H)ppt {Univ8f8ty Col•g•. L(￿} Prol88sor Jth MxrlS (Urn¥•rsty ol Combrtyl (ID October 2022) Professor Hekn P )rr fun￿r$ty of Keele) Prolessor (knjm PentlaTrJ Iunivarnty of Ktx)8sh) Prolessor La￿8 Stewart Iurfflirsty ol Yort) {fron O¢lotw 2023) Pro198sor Winth. IS¢hool of klvartad St￿. UnThwsty of LoTh1t￿l {Chglr) Ye$ Yes Yo? Y¢9 Dr Paul s￿¥d t) 30 Nbvembèr 2023 Or JenThlw Davvy Irorn 1 D•Ctyn￿r 2023 18 8l0orn8b￿ Squer• Lor#JDn WC1A 2fri HSBC Pk 69 Pal SW1YSEV SdlcKor# 8DB Phtrnkns BartM)lomw4 ¥109• Lwthn EC1A 78L itor Compl￿1￿r WKI Genpr¥l 157.197 8￿￿t￿¥1M Pè Ro•J Vriona L(￿thn SW1W 9SP ¢￿￿knnts Cllroen Wells D8NDr6hire 1 Oevonshlre Slr•A W1W 60F: HbSTORY OF PAPUAMENT TRU5T- TrtJSTEES ANNVAL AEPORT AP4D ACCOUIITS 202>24

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT Sbvelurn and g0￿MIn¢• 1. The Hl$tory of Parllament Trnsl was estsblished by a Declaration of Trust mad• on 31 December 1940, varied by an Order of th8 Chancery Dlvision of Ihe Hlgh Court made on 12 M8r¢h 1956 and by Schemes made by the Secretary of State for Educatk)n arbd Suence on 6 January 1967 and 27 Oclober 1971 and the Charlty Commlssionors on 24 Juty 1996. The Trust was a registered charity (No. 306034). Tho Scheme made by Ihe Charity Commi$sM)ner5 In 1996 provhjes Ih8t the body of Trustees shoutd comprlsa Iouf ex offido Tnjstees afKI such number of Co-OPt8d Trusteès as Ihe TNstees may thlnk fit. PWDvlded that the total number of Trustees shall not be18ss than fivg nLY rrKre than fifteen. The ex officio Truslees are as follovis (provided Ih81 Ihey are willing to act in thos capa¢ty)'. the ChaiM￿n ol Committ88s kn tho House of Lords (rx)w usunlty kn(ywn as th8 Sonior Dawty Speaker). the Chaimian of Ways and M8ans Fn Ihe House of Comm¢)ns. and the Clerk Assistanl in House of Commons. The aerk of the Parliaments is also an ex offioo Tntsle•'. he has dèWt8d thèso responsibllili8s lo the Clerk of Committees in the House of Lord$. Ctroptod Trustees are apwmnted by a resolulK)n of Truslees. The Trusteés 8nd Iheir se￿tsry are listed on p. 3. The Tnjstees appoinl an Edilofial Boanl of distingulsh8d scholars to advise th8m on a¢adem•c pofvcy and staff appo¢nlm8nls. The members of the Board during the year are listed on p. 4. Tho sL3ff of the Trust are headed by its Direclor, who is responsible lor dire¢liThg the managgmefil and adminislralK)n of the History, has overall reskK>nsibility for supefvising the researth and edilorial work. ar￿ also ts 85 secretary to the Editorial Board. The Trust also appoinls an Executiva Cornmitt80, whose funclkm Is to prepare an agenda for Ihe Truslee5' quartety meetlngs and take such deasions as are needed in the period bwèen those maelings. 2. tXJring 2022123, the Trust•88 applied to the Cha¢ty Commlssion for the cr8ab.on of a new Charitable Incorp(Nat8d Organisation. with Ihe kn'tlg of Ihe History ol Parfiament Trusl, ich would ullimatety replaca Ihe (%rrent Trust. The Charity Commsssion accepted the applicatSon, afKI the nwl Trust 24 the Trust re¢￿1Ve￿ 70 per cent ol its want in 8KI frL¥n the House of Cornmon5 Aominlstration Estimat8; the remaining 30 per cent ig recelved from lh8 Housè ol Lord8 Estimale. Prior to April 1995 the grant Ihias r8C8IV8d from Ihè Treasury Vole, A Financial ￿eM￿ar#dum agreed beiween Ihe Tnjslefrs 8nd authorilbgs ol tK)Ih Houses sets out lh8 aims and objectsv85 of the History of Par1￿ment Trust and Ihe administratNe and financi81 arTang8rnenls for its aclmities, including th8 corKIIts'ons the grant in aid. The grant in aid is approved annually by the Cthnmisslons of l)oth Hous•$, with s¢rutw)y 8150 Ihe respedive Finance committ￿$. The Trusl's (wNn Finance Committ86 brfngs together the Treasurer Dir8Ctor with senior financo officials of bolh House5 and is the prlmary ferum lor the discusslon ol ihg Trust's grant In awj. 4. The trustees have examined the major risks lh8 Trnst I￿. tt ha$ kn plgce systems to rn￿110r and control those rlsks lo mrtigale any impact thoy may have th8 History in the future. tt wln conllnue to revbow a8sessmenl ol these nsks as part of rts anr￿1 Corpmte Planning pro*ss. HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRusf-TRUSTEESANNVAt REPORT ANO ACCOVNTS 2033.24

ObJ•ctlv•s and actMtI•s S. The Hlstory ol ParI￿rnent Trusl is a major a¢ademic pr(¥eci to (xeate 8 scholarty rèfef¢nCt Wofk descritmng Ihe membors. constituenc?8s aTrJ activitlès of Ihe Parflament of England aJ)d Ihe Unlted ￿'ngdOM. The volumes eilher pubth'shed or in preparation cover iha House of Conwnons from 1386 to 1868 and thg H¢)use ol Lords from 1558 10 1832. They aro vmety regarded as an un￿r￿le1ed source for 8riti.sh Witical, s(thl arKI k>¢al hlstory. 6. The orig1r￿1 charltablo objeclfve for 1940 Hlsw of Partiamenl Trust was th8 Cornpllalion of a lrterary and historical V•Drk krTh¥ as Tr Hislcry of Parliament.. The r8vSsed ¢t￿table obJectNès of the Charllabl¢ Incorporated Organis8lM)n are as follows: To advance the e¢lL￿tiOn ol the public in general on the sut¥ect of thé History of Parflament Ihrou9h: Schol8rfy and historlcal ros8arth on tho Parkarn￿l of the Uniled Kln9dom and its predecesscrfs, those have been meffthrs of Ihese bodies, partiamentsry constilu8nci8s and elgcfjons. aTh pa1iamenl8ry politlcs and instilutions in goneral. Di55emipating and interpreting the resuhs of Ihis res8arch lo th• wThlest possible audt•nc4. Th• encourag8meni of fesearch by olhw8 on Ihe Hi510ry of Parliament ar￿ Partiamenw in81itulM)ns. The promotlon of related scholaty and oducatthaj activbtles. 7. Tho volumes on the Hous8 of Can￿n$ cons￿1 of delailad studies of electM)n$ and electoral wlilics in each constituency. and of closety researched accounls of the lives of eVery￿e was elected lo Par1￿ment in Ihe period. The volumes Cln thé House ol L(yds providè polili&￿ Wraphiès of pèefs. In additlcffi, Ihe volumes C£￿tain 8urv8ys drawing oul the themes and discoverios of the research and addin9 inlomialion on Ihe oporation of Part4rnent as an inskntution. 8. The History has now published (wer 27.000 biographies and 3,200 ￿￿slituefteY suNeys In fourteen sets of volumes {65 volumes in all). They deal wth the House of CcKnmons 138&1421 11992). 1422-1461 (2020). 1509-1558 (1982). 1558-1603 (19811. 1604-29 12010). 1640-1660 12023), 1660-169) (19831. 168￿1715 (2002). 1715-1754 (1970). 1754-1790 (1964). 1790-1820{1986) and 182￿2 (2009}: al￿ the House ol Lcds 1604- 1629 {2021) and 166￿1715 {2016). All of the Hous8 of Commons artlcles publi¥hed up and inckKllThJ lo 2010 aro now available on ol fliament￿l1rb@.Or Thè History's staff of profession￿ historians Is cuffently r8s8aichiry the House ol Cornmons in the penods 1461-1504 ar.d 1832-1868, and the H(x￿8 of L(￿d8 in thè P0fKKI 1558-1603. 16￿1660 and 171&1790 The two Commons prolacts currenlty in progress conta further 3,925 biograph￿ of members of th8 H￿se of C<)mmons aTrJ 549 constituency survey5; the House ol Lc<ts prgects contain 1.378 bwraphies between Ihem. Wilh what Is now wblished and In wcw3￿$S. the History ￿ver$ 414 years ol the hk8tory of thè House of CoMm(￿s. and 243 of the HDU80 of L￿ds. g. As w•ll as lh• tsogfaphios and ¢onstltuenry $ur¥oy7. thg History undertakes 8n <x81 hislory proJeGt desigTbed lo record long interviews Viith former MembOfS of Parllamnl. These are deposited in the Brllish ￿'brary and are made available lo r¢sow¢hw8. Thefe are further details of the progrèss of tho proioct at paragraph 19 below. HISTORYOF PARUAME NT TRUST- TRUSTEES ANNUAL AEPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023.24

1. Sinc8 1995, the Hislory has been funded winapalty by ihe two Housès of Parloment. It Is b85ed cbse lo tts origlnal hosl, Ihe Instllule of Hlstorlcal Researth. Univorsty of Lonth)n. 11 was loun¢Jed belore the Se¢￿d Wodd War, thg brainchlld ol Josiah Wedgwood MP. Labour partiamentarian and minister. and revived after Ihe war Vrt￿n a number of the greatest Brilish hislcKians ol the day, inchjding Sir Lewis Namier. Sir Frank Slenion and Slr John Neale, wer8 Involved In Its re-eslablishmenl. The Pfolecl Is govemed by ils Trustees. who are mainty Memtjers and Officers of both Houses of Parfiamoni. The qualtty of proie¢l's research and writlng is monitored by an Edlt(Yial Board of histOflan$. For lurther detalls w the H￿l0￿S webslio al W44W.h'
2. The Hlstrxy's objeeilves and Its performanrA agalnst prOV￿u5 objectlves are set oul In fts annual plan. An annual plan was last approved by Ihe Trusleas in July 2023 8fKI Is published on ihe Histw's websrte.
3. The Tn￿t Is commrtted to reducing slckness absence in tr,8 workplace ar￿ supporilng thé wel￿beIng ol ts slalf. Procedures are in place lo FKovide support to staff who are dl or who have a lont8rm disability. DufflThJ 202>24. Ihe averdga number of day3 recixded as absant lo sKness por rnombw of staff was 0.76 days12022-23 0.36 days).
4. There wer• Incklonts related to th• k)ss or unauthorlsed kjsue ol personal data in 202& 24.
5. The Tfusl strlves to on8ur8 thal th• Impact ol Its actNitles on the environment. consumers. empk)yees. communities. stakeholder5 arbd all Oltr￿r members olthe publlc sph6ro1g taken inlo a￿￿nI at al times. 15.Trustees are provided with a set of documents concerniTra Ihe charlty and their respon&biliU•s a$ Trustees. Thèsè afv reviewed and upd.?ted with eath appoinlm8nt and as necessary. Thé Oir6ctor provides addlb'onal induction material relating to C￿r￿nt issues. New Tnjstees are offered mixe inlormation tlyough briefirwy by the Diroctor and Secre and are In￿l￿d to visrt th8 History. TNst88s aro required to wjn a dodaration Ind￿at11￿j iheir understarKlifYJ of their responsibl￿tleS as Trustees. HISTORY QF PARUAPAENT TFIVST- TrUSTEES ANNUAL AEPO¥tT AND ACCOUNTS 20Z3.24

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST Revl•w of xhhv•m•n¢s and p•rforn￿n¢• In th• y•ar 2023-24 OVERVIEW 1. In May 2023. the published latest sèt ol volumes, The Hous8 of Commons 1640.1660. 164£L1660 is our bigge pubkcaticffi yet. The n￿e vohJm8s werè wbhshed in May 2023 by The Boyd81 Press. 2. Durfng thè ￿ar, the Hlsttry finlshed Ihe Pro￿$$ of convefsion of the exisllng Charltable Tn￿1 into 8 Chantable Incorporated Organisation. The new Trusl. also lo be called The Hlslory ol ParliaffN Trusl (HPT). was approved by the Charlty Commlssion on 27 February 2023. The assets. IlabllSlle$ and operatlons ol the Trusl were transf&rYed to the HPT ￿ 31 Auguyt 2023. 3. In January 2023. ￿ Dir8clor, Dr Paul Seaward. inlormed the Trustees that he Sntended lo slep down Irom the Directorship towards the end of 2023. In Juty the Trustees appointed Df J8nnrfef Dav8y. fomborfy ol Ihe Univer54ty of E8$t Anglia. as hls succ8ssor. Dr Davey took over ￿ Direct(yship on 1 December 2023. RESEARCH 4. Progress in each ol th¢ Hisl¢xy's frye currenl research proieds and Ihe <xat hlstory pr(yect is described below. Th• House of COMMO￿ 146t.f504 S. Thls pry4ecl lollows on frorn Ihe recenlty compfeted arbd wbh'sh8d Hous& ol C(¥nmons 7422-1461, and cov8rs lh8 pèriod ofthe Wars of the Roses and the establishrnent of Henry Vll In power. There are 1,334 bi09raphies and 146 constituoncy wIKJes to be compl81ed. Th8 édltor is Dr Hannos Kleineke. Dr Simon Pay11r￿ ￿ the (Wbly other long t8m proj'e staff member, folowing t1￿ relirement ol Chartés Morelon in December 2022. In N0￿m￿•r 2022. Dr Jonathan Mackman joined lh6 wgect as research asslslanl fof one y8ar. This was 8Xt0nd8d for a furthef year in July 2023, In March 2024, ￿ Trust•es agreed to app)inl Dr Mackman to the projecx cn a loThg t8fm basis. In this Ihird full year of operation ol the rth projett, a tolal of 59 a￿'d&S were produced (55 biographies arKI lour consts'luency artidos). totaliing ovef 79,￿0 words. In ad¢Jrtion. Dr &'mon Payling spwt three monihs IApril-June) V•vrkiTrg on a collateral res8arch prgèct, 8xaminiThJ Ihe mafked variation in Ihe pattarn of r8presentatlon anw)ng counties in the fourteonlh and frfleenth centurlos. During w(Kk in tho Shropshire Record Office, Shrewsbury, Dr Payllng discovered in local records the name of a hitherto unknown memb￿ of Ihe Parfiament of 1523. John Leighton's ￿nStitUencY Is not named, bul il Is likety to have be8n the county ol Shropshife. kn￿ng ts bffjraphical articles completed by Ihe rKoJe¢l in Ihe y88r vmra: Robert AnketKI.' Dorset gentl8rnan in s8Ntce of Bisttop Waynftete ol Winchester, l(y whose l)orough of Taunton he was relumed in 1467. Jame$ 8k)unl." he Wayed 8n imp￿tant part in Richard Ill's fau by al￿￿Tra the exape of th8 01 of Oxford frorn ￿lamme$ ca$lkn. ol wffilch he WaS1￿anan1. fk)urished under Henry Vll. died at the helght of his caro8r. MP Derby&h￿ 1472. 1491. HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TRUST- TRLSTEES AP4NVAL REPOAT AND ACCOUNTS 2023.24

John Byron." from a wealthy famlly lorrfJ settled In Lanc8yhire, he ryKN•d its main residence lo Co￿7¢k in Nottinghamshire. fought for Henry Vll al BogM>rth and was granted the constableshlp ol Nollin9hwn castle, d1￿1 kn 1489 at the hew of hls career. MP Nottinghamshirg 1478. John Courtenay. A younger son of Slr Phlllp Courten8y of Powderham. Jthn spent much ol hls caréer in Ihe EThJlish gatrison at Calais, but subsequentty entered Edward IV ar￿ R￿ard Ill's househokls. MP Devon In 1478. RLknrt Curte.. This MP has in Ihe pasl been misidenlified. on Ihe basls of a rnisreadiThJ of th6 reium. 11 is, howevw, clear Ihal the name intend8d wa$ 'Curte'. rnlher than 'Cinte', and that the MP was one of the 8udltOf8 of the duchy ol Comwall of tN8 namg. Although orlgln8llr¥J In the hom8 cotsnt3as. Curte married Into 8 Ioc81 famity. MP TTun) 1478 John Dewk.. Cornish land(ywner. successlvety In the serrflce ol the Cwrtonay 98rf5 of Devon and of Humphrey Staff(xd. Lord Stafford of Southwick. FO1￿)￿1ng Henry Vl's Readeption. Connéct￿ wlth Slr Herry Bodwgan in whose s8Ni¢e ha rnay have been killed at the slege of Sl Micha81's Mount In18te 1473. MP Bodff*n 1467. John HavAr8& A busy Brfslol merchant prominent In local offle4 holdng. Ha￿e9 is chiefly not3ble his acquisition ol the property Ihal the Cannon faryuty attempled to assyn to the Halleway chantry. MP Bristol 1478. D8tryd Middleton." Welsh-bom serrfant of the house of York, lor over 20 years r•ceivor of th• lordshlp ol Denbigh. Married in dramatic Corc￿stanC0s. $teahng his bfide frcffi hef marriag8 to another man. John Pynke.. A Bristol merchant whose ships repeat8dty fall vklim to piralul actiwties. Pynke followed th8 n¢xmal of the of Brislol lo b8 elected mayor In 1488. PAP 8ris10I 1491. Sir Ralph ShMl8y.' was w8allhy ar￿ Wel￿￿ne¢ted and took his due part In publlc aff8ir8, even sp8fKling some time in Ihe royal househokl. Yel wilhoLrt th8 8vfvNal ol the family arthive. It woukj be diffic4Jll to put much Ib8h on Ihese b￿$. That archrve. however, with th8 notabl8 Inveniory taken al hi$ death, gives a mor8 than usually full account ol his privale lilo. part￿ul￿rty his mama98s. MP Leic8sler5hlre 1495. illiam Sp8n¢er.' A proThnent Brislol merchant. Spencef over the CCMJf5e of a lorbg career held th8 mayoraKy of hls town no fewer than Ihree tsmes. On Ihe final occaslon In 1478.9 he was tharged with treason by TI￿a$ Norlon, bul acquittad on Ihe Kjng's pefsonal authority. MP Bristol 1467. Bnan Talbot.. advanced hms8N by supportirKJ tre IK)use of York kn 1460 and married a weallhy widryw. who bn)ught him an interest In the Rulland rna￿)r of Exton, h8r d8ath méant thal h• ènded hls career in relativ8 poverty. MP Ruiland 1472, Robert Tanf￿Id1l.' his fatherfs place in the service DI Queen Margaret enabl¢d rn lo make a spodawlar maTTiage to the daLsghter ol a peer IMA the Chan￿ of reglme in 1461 meant his ￿{Be¢ did not tk)urish, 1nv0fv￿j In a colourful dispute Yath a Northamptonshir8 lavryer, he or hls lather was MP lor Lostwithiel as a ¢grpetbagger but it Is not clear by vh)al means Ihe seat was secured. MP Lostvithiel 1467. RiGhard Welby. MP for Lincoln$hire 1472. Head of one of th8 most promlnenl families in the Parts of Holland, with a I￿ tradilion ol local service. Welby successfully negotj'ated the latter Stages ol Ihe Wars of the Roses. serving HISTORY OF PARiIAMEPU TIIU5T-TRUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT &•J4DACCOUNTS 2023.24

successive monarchs before his relatNoty oarty dealh in 1487. He enloyod 9ood relatbons wlth the local rellglous h(yJses, was associated with the prominent justs'ce Sir William Hussey. and sèrv8d lh8 Crown dire¢lly as recelver ol the honour of RlchmorKJ in Lincolnshlre. ol nastenl Yorkl3t system al chambef finance. His se¢orKI mafflage. lo the widow ol a Lon¢knn draper. brought him l(xvJ-running tegal issu8s In chasing outslandlng debts, particulaty bnvolving tradlro links Bilbao and 9oodg selzed as reprisals lor English piracy. John Westcole.. A y(xfftg8r son of Thomas H￿stor 8 ias Wéstcolo, Edmund eslabh'shed himsell ,n Bristol's mercantile society. He embarked on the clvk cursus honorum arKI was elected to the maytyalty in the autumn 011485. only to die a few weeks later. MP Bristol 1478. 1483. Illiam Wykam." A Bristol dyer. Wykam stands oul amorlg the town'5 MPS by being elected mayor twice within the short penod Irffll 148447. He Is Ihoughl have have rep￿enIed 8rl$tol In the C(Mnmffis in 1483. tKrt died in 1494. Sir byilliom Yonge." from a middling Shropshire family. eam&J knlghthood by fighting lor Edward IV 81 one of the battles of the spring of 1471. thén t{￿k a rol• in the administration ol wèst Wales. seomingty c(mpromised by accession of RTrthawd111. MP Shropshire 1478. 6. Th8 cor￿tiluer￿rf hlslorl8s wnpl8t8d In th• ￿r hicludod: Loon7rnst6r. le￿se￿￿tIon remained In the hands of 118 residonts ith the excepts'on of Ihe 1478 Parflam8nt wh8n more important man Vlt￿ connexions wilh Ihe b￿￿gh were onty peripheral. Much Wenlock. enfranchised in 1468 as the second bofougth, after nea LLKlk)w. lo ba granlad rePr￿n181￿)n by Charter. perha￿ refiectiw its smal populalion no mcTr than about 3(N), li was glven only one $6at. trtrt. by 1491. rt was retumirKJ Nvo. Its MPS. in so far as they are documenled, were mosty drawn from its leading burgesses. Later Ihe borcmjgh eXpar￿8d its orbit lo Incknde local 9entry, wtr￿) servod as both MPS and buigesses. Shaftesbury.. smal Otyset Ixxough, the kjrdship of which was shared bèlwèen th6 CrowTb and the local abbo8S. Wells.. Am¢ywJ the better documented conslituenc$ in Ihis pefK>d. Wells stoc¥J on thg main road from London to the south-west and consequenlty played ils part in Ihe dramatic evenls of the P￿d. particularly the nsing of 1497. While the citi'zens wwo 98n8ralty cont8nt to be fewes8nt8d ty Somo of tr*lr own number, the dealh of Bishop Slllington in 1491 left a vacuum of power that prov&1 hard to fill, and th8 eitizens consequontly relumod two relaknve nobodies (n.b, neighbouring Bath is unique in having no nam8s on Iho 8urvivwy ￿8t ol It Members of Ihe 1491 padiamanl). 7. Thè $ecbon also contrll>ut8d 7 pieces lo Iho HISW ol Parfiamenl's blog. They were.. 'Preparation5 for the coronati￿ of Richard Il.: -No deed of sham8 so four.. the Ireachtry of Edmund, Gw of Rulhin. 8nd the battle ol Northarnp￿n, 10 Juty 1460.: 'The tomb of will￿rn Rudha16 {d.15301. Qu88n K8th8rine's attom8y￿￿r8I. in the thurch of Ross- OTr•Wye'; 'Beast Irom Ea$1 or Song of Solomon? roronation of King Henry V, 9 April 1413,: 'A Last Row of the Dicè? Richard Ill's pardon to John Mcxton, 16 August 1485.: The tomb of Sir Rbchard and Eleanor Croft in Croft Church. Hèrefordshiro,; 'A King's Sister burled In a Shropshlre Churth: Elizaljeth ol Lan￿518￿, sister of Henry IV. al Burford,. Misroiy OF PAALIAMÉIIT YAusf- TIUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUN75 2023.24 io

Th• House of Lords 1559-1601 8. Thls project b8gan after completlon ol The House ol Lords I6￿1629 In 2020 and covers Ihe upper House in the reign of Elizab&th l. COmp￿rn¢￿tIng the volumes wblished back In 1981 on the Hw$e ol Commons Sn the same period. The staff. tK) all V£•rked on Ihe Lords 1604-29 pn¥ect. are Andrew Thrush (edrtor). Paul Hunneyball (assistant èdStor} and Ben Coates (Senior Resear( Fellow). There are a total of 246 knographles lo be lackled. Ovèr th8 ¢ouisè of the year, Ihe team produced 46 blographb8s {4 from exlamal aulhors) in total. conlainirvJ a total over 203. 000 words. kn)ng the cornpl8ted Ixographs are". G￿rg& Clnyord. 3rd earf of Cumberland (1558-7695).. The only Efizabethan peof personally lo lead prlvalewing exFdrtions, Cumb8rfand was Ihe queen's 'champlon' from 1 $90. Thanks to his gambling addictton and prlvateerlng investments, vthich rardy pawj off, he fell hoavlly inlo debL In 1593 he S8￿r8d private acl of Partiament confirming his ￿lf8'S joiniufe. Richard Cox. bishop of Ely (c.1500-81): A fomef ￿tOr arKI chaplain to Edward Vl. Cox was the fffgt Elizabethan bishop of Ety and a member ol Ardibishop Parker's Inn8r cird8. Headstrong, he f8M￿Sty incurred the quo8n's wralh for Tefusing to surrender to her off￿ of his manofs and part of PHS London woperty. In 1576. aflar his ènerny Lord North threatened lo cornplain lo the qu8en, to Ih Councll and to Parliament. h8 capitulated, leadiThJ ￿ the h)ss of a lar9e part of House to Slr ch11st￿¥her Hatton. In all. he sat in ihme Elizabethan Parliaments, Will￿rn Compfon. 2nd Lord Complon (15671&1630)', An Invelerate gambler, Ccxnp￿ft entered Vle ri￿4e of the royal favourite Robert Oevereux. 2nd earl of Essex In th• mld-15908. A chroruc Spendthri￿ he sought to extricate hlmsell from his financial woes ty maryin9 the daughter of a weallhy London aklerm agalnsl h8r fathèr's wishes, smuggling OLrt of her house in a laundry basket. He wisely avoided involvement in Ess8x's lll-fatad 1601 rl'n9. and undw James I he was &￿val0d lo thè earldom ol Northampion. Richard Davies, bishop of St Asaph and St Davids (c. 150541): a wrxninont Welsh Proteslant th went Into exile in Ihe reign of Mary and was appofftle¢J the first Elizabeihan bishop of St Asaph bolor8 movin9 lo the prosperous s88 of St Dawds. His most s1gnif&1nl parllamentary actsvity was pri)bably the fole he pigyed in the passage of tho 1563 Act for translating Ihe Bible and Book of Cofflff￿ Prayer Inlo Wdsh. Rkharol Flelch8f. tsshop of 8n'slol. 18ler Worcester and London (154415-1596).. A prominant court pr8ach8r wtho also served as the queen's almoner frorn 1590, Fletcher moved rapidly from the see of Bristol to Worcester and Ihen London, but was suspended from office in 1595 followirKJ his second mwriage. of whlch the quoen dlsapproved. He had largely regained Elizabeth's favcrtr when he dlod Sudd￿lY In June 1596. Th¢ onty P8fli8ment in vthich h8 sat was that of 1593. Frnncis GodTh. bislKlP ol Llandaff (1561-1633J'. The author of an Influential catalogue of th8 blshops ol England, and chaplain to Thomas Sackville, Lord BuckhursL GOd￿'n was consecrated blshop ol Uendaff during the lasl Eltzabelhan P3Tliamenl lyjt thwe is no eVKlence thal ho look Ns s¢at In thal assembly. Edmund Grindal, 8r¢hbishop of Can1e￿Ury (c. 1519-83)., A member ol Il original Ekzabethan opt'scopate. Grlnd. as blshop of L¢)ndon. was forc8d to wlth HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TAUST- TrUSTEESANNUAL AEPORT AND ACCQUNTS 1023.14 li

thè tmn woblems of effwent pimilan nonconforniity and a dlsastrous fire at St Paul's. Foltowtng a six-ye8r stint 83 archbishop ol York. he was PfOryK)ted to Canlerbury. However, he was suspendéd lust 15 months after hSs appointment for refusing ihe queen's command lo suppress 'prophesyings'. Desprtè str•nu¢ws ellorts by h￿ alli8s at Court. he was never relnstated. As illness keM him from altendtsvJ the 1571 assembtry. he sat In onty two Ekzabeth&n Parfiaments. Charfes Ho¥v8fd, 2iid Lord Howanl of Effingham 8nd 1st earf of Nothngham (c. 1537- 1624J'. One ol Ek2abelh I's mosl trusled seNanls. Howard seryed as lord admiral from 1585 and commanded the naval forc8S that fought the Spanl$h Armada Sn 1588. Folowin9 Ihe 1 $96 Cadiz expedition, in whKh he shafed c￿nrna￿d. he was 816vated to the earfd(m of Nottlrgham In re¢ognits'on of his sen4i¢es. During ihe la$t tsvo Elizabethan Parfiaments h8 S8Th8d as leirwary I(￿d steward. responslble sweanng in Members ol the Commons. Philip Wharton, 3rd Lord Wharton (155&1625)'. Following the death of h18 father in 1572. Wharton. then und8f-ag8. b8came a ward of ThornaG Radcliffe. 3rd earl ol Sussex, After attaining his majority in 1576. he played little rd8 In public 8ffairn. probably on account of his Catholicism. He lailed lo sit lor m¢>st ol tha 1 584.5 and 1586.7 PartiaTh?nts but othefwise attendod ts uppor House regularly. Edward Stanley. 3rd •arf olDerby {15Q9-72): One ol the weatest18Tthwners In northem Eryland. aNI a staunch Catholic. t)th was also a kinsman ol Ihg Tudors. but was viewed v￿th $uspiL>on by su¢cesssve monarths frrxn Henry Vlll to Ekzabeth l. Essentialty loyal to ihe crown. but opposed to thé Rel￿t￿n, he S￿nI his career c(x)perating with SUCC￿Ne govemments just enough ￿ woted his power base in Lanc8shire. He dipSomalKally fjthdrew from the 1559 Parti￿8nt to avoid vollng on the Elizabgthan rellgths settlement, but as rillle as possible Ihereafter to implem8nl it. Henry Stanley, 4th aart ol D8rt>y (1531-93).. Edu¢al•d as a Protestsnt alongside the futu￿ Ed￿an# Vl, Stanley nevertheless cam8 from a family and I￿alIty whK broadly favoured Calholkm, and11 look time lor hlm to win Elizab8th1's trust. Inrtlaly sunKnoned to the L{￿dS as Baron Strange. he succeeded his father as èarl of Dorty in 1572. He missed part of Iho 15￿5 Parliament through servln9 as ambassath)r to France. Ixrt helped to prnsid8 0￿r the 158&7 session in the queen's absence. On Ihè eve of the Spanish Arrnad8. he led unsuccéssful peace tslks in Fland6f8. bfyS11i8m Qv8rton. bishop off Covontry and Lkhhld (c. 152&1609): An ambiti(x bul qu3rrel$oma and rapaclous cloric. Overton initially enjoyed the backing of Iv4D powerful patrons. Lord Bufghl8y and the 8art of Lelcester, but gradualy alienaled both of Ihom thr¢)u9h his pocY behaviour. Finally appoint8d t)ishop of Coventy aThJ Lichf18kl kn 1580. he SeQJfed an A¢i of Parflamenl the ne￿ year which recovered reiils due to the dK)ce80. However, he was regularfy pursued by the Exchequer for unpaid Lgxes. He drok)p8d out of Ihe 1589 Parll8ment oarly after word spread thal he had oblained hk8 bishoprtc through ￿ry. John Ivhile. bish(w of VThchest8r (c. 1510-60).. An ardenl Catholic. WIMle acL8pled Henry Vlll's break with Rome. OPPDsed subs6qu8nt thaobg6¢ innovalKJns in the English Church. In Mary I's re&n, this hard4ine stance eam him a6 a bishop, inilially ol Lino)In and thon Winchester. After HISTORY OF PAALIAMENY YRUST- TAUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT AND Acco￿T$ 2023.24

Elizabeth I t￿Came q[￿￿. White ￿rCety rosisted th8 r8inlrod(Klion of PrOteStan￿$M and was Imprlsoned dudn9 the 1559 P8rtiament for allégedty threatenirg to excommunicate Elrzabeth. In absence. the Lords approved Ihè new settlement. and he was Ihen deprived of his see. Allowed to retsre to the eounty, he died the next year. John Whitg#l, arChb￿hOp off can18￿ury {c.153416-1604); Elzabeth I's favourile archbish¢)p ot Canterbury, l•Vhitgfft. dubbed by Ihe queén hor 'black hugband. 8ccounl ol hls hel black hgtr and beard, was a scourge of Prot8Stanl nonconlomiists. However. trealmont of purrtans meanl that he fell out with Ellzabeth's ¢hlef mlnister, WIMlam Cecl. Lord Burghley. who largely conlr£Yled episcopal 8ppoinlments. As this groundbfoaking blography explalns. BurgNey kepi the afchblshop short of bishops whenever Parfiamenl met, whlle Whttgrfl encwraged the retum to th6 Commons of several leading eCcle￿sl￿￿ afficw lo help defend Ihe Churth's interests. Sal in seven Parh'amgnts. 9. Thè prc4ect is also compifing a resC￿￿C• whth provides a Iramework lo pull together the variou$ Sources which colloclively provide evidenr of tho Lords, proceedings. The rnsourc8 will flesh out proceedings in lh8 Lords by integrating ihts 5parJo outline ol the Lords J empbys a ￿earCh asslslanl, Algx Beelon, who ￿Ined the project at tha beginning of 2023. In ils second year of oporalK)n, the prolecl bas ¢ompted 39 biographies. cx)nlaining arowyl 173.867 Yxds. Among ih8m wore: Getxge 8fjrfges. 6th B8n)n Chandos: A protégè of th8 1* earf of Manthester, ChaThdos inltially supported the 'lunlo' In Ihe Lords before joining th8 king In the surnmer 011642. Dtsrnayed at royal polici8s, hé rotum•d to Weslminsler in 1644. whefe he was treated rglatfvety lenlenty. He died in 1655. HISTORY OF PARUAMENT fftusT- IRUSTÉES ANNUAL REPORT ANDAccouMfs 2023.24

Robert Carr (Keff). 1st oanT of Somerset. A disgrnced f+ourits of Jarnés I, Somefsel lallod to tegain hb posillon under Charles l. end his staius as a p88r was always in doubt - leading lo an Intorestvy debate In the Commms In fvlay 1645. sh<ty befoie hls death. Geor9e Dlgby, Baron Dlgby, 0rf9in8lly an opponent of Ihe cmwn in the Commons. Digby d6fect8d to thè king in 1641. vthon ￿ wa8 granted a peerage and became a thom in the side of the parliamentarians. A contrcwérslal foyallst Oxford, wh&r8 he seNed as secretary of state during the first civil war. h8 k)st the trusl of Charles11 for many years. He s4Jcceedod as V earl of Bri$tol in 1653 and was restored to favouf by the late 18505, be¢oming 8 rnaior political figure in the 16608. H8 died In 1677 Ethvard Howard. Isl Ban￿ Howard ol Escrkk. Howard of Escrick was a member of Ihe parfiamentary 'junto' that defied Charles l in 1640-2. and h8 emer9ed in the rr¥d-1640s as a18ading lThdependent and supporter of the New Model army. Rfjtumfjd for Carfisle to the Rump Partiam8nL he was then ejected Ir(Mn the H￿80 f< lakir¥J bnbes. He attended Parliament dligenlty after the Restoralion. dsryng in 1675. Edward Lilueton, Isl B8ron L￿1&lon.. Lord kèèpèr from January 1641 untl his death in 1645. He was thus Speaker of the Lords for the 17 months lèading up to his Illght to loin the knng at y￿ In May 1642. He fouThl the role ol Speaker èxtrwnety dtfficutt, partly because he wa¥ often unwel but also becau88 Chwles, with some jUstif￿ation. incx8askYJty doubted his loyallies Henry Parkaf, 141h Baron Morfey and 61h 88ron Monteagle. Catt￿￿ peer who rarely attended Paliam8nl during thts 1640$. invol¢emenl *ith Parliamefit moslty involved his personal affairs. inthdwbg 8 murder aC￿saIlOn against him and hls o)nsiderable debts. Tho 8￿u8$traI1on of his eslales added to his financi81 problems. Henry Pi8fTepon¢ Baron Pieffepont of Holme Pierroponl. PlaTheponl was 'ahvays much addKled to b¢)oks' and in laterlrfo Irau)od a5 a lawyer and physician. A zeaths defender of th8 king and the church during th@ 8arty 1640$. he bec8rne a pr¢mlnent fDyalisl and counsdled Charles againsl making any cOn￿810n8 to Partiam8nt. By tho 1650s he had become a Cathollc. Active in the Lords after the Resloralw)n. he conlinued lo favour settling ￿r$￿al and politi'cal scores ty violence. On his death in 1680 he left the Royal College of Physlcians. where he had beffi admiiled a fellow in 1658. 'perhaps the best library for physitx. math8matics, cw4il law and phllology In any prlvai• hand In this na11￿.. Sidney. Robert, 2nd eart of L8K•stor. Leicesler was a major figure at the Caroline court, serving as ambassador to Franc￿ in the later 1630s and as lord beulenant of Irelané from May 1641. Ajthough rn￿1 ol hffj friends and relatsves suppcffted the junio, at Weslrninstef and w8nt on to bo¢ome parMamenlarian8, L¢i¢esler was torn between his loyalty lo the kifwj and his duty to his friends. ar soon lost his cradibilty with both SKlgs. He eventualty iolned the W al oxfo￿ at the end 011642. bul in 1644 he retumed to Westminsler. He was mostty loft abne thereafter, and retire(1 to Penshurst before r￿Merg•n9 al the Reslornb'on. He In 1677. PalrTck Ruthven. 15108rt olBrentlord. A sc(￿lSh sOld￿r &gmo hom8 from tha conM•nt In 1639 and SefV•d Charles I In Ihe bishops, warn and first civd war. HISTCMIY OF PAALIAMENT TRUST- TRV5TEES AJINUAL REPORT AND ACCIXINTS 2023-24 14

Hé was faised to English peer4ge as earl of Brentl￿d. a tioe that 8cl(n¢)wled9ed his defeat of a parfiamentarian lorce outde in 1642. Thom8s Savile. 2nd 88ron Sawlo of P{￿tret (Pontefract). Savile was part of the aristocratic drcle Ih81 conspired V4ilh Ihe Scottlsh Covenanlers in 164010 defeat Charles in lh8 Second bishops. war and force hlm to 8umTh)n Parflament. He defecled to the king's party ￿ 1641 a￿1 became a pr(Mnlrbant roy811sl and political Intr¥Juér 8t Oxford durlng the civil war. Disgraced at court in 1645 for tylng 10 force the kirwJ to make peaco with Parliament. he decamped to London. thero hls Inlrfgulng seNed lo widen the dNisk)n between the preSb￿erfao9 arml Mlependenls. He Yathdr8w from publk Ile In 1646 and dled ￿ 1659. Jwom• Weston, 2nd aart ol Portland. Weston was tho son ol Charfes I'$ lord treasurer. and became an important pO￿t￿clan In his own rht in 1641-2, when he was a18ading ￿Vre In opposing Parliament's ambitions. H8 r8rnaln6d al Westrninster until the summer of 1643. V4then ￿ joined the king and was madè lord president of IAunster In Ireland - a FK)st lor 7thich h8 was siTrJularty Ilksurted. For reasons that not at all clear. Portland was treated18ni8nty by Parwament 8ftef Iho war, arxl survived lo welcome CharSes11. dying ol aPO￿exY in 1663. T1￿￿85 Wriolhesley. 4th or 2nd ead ol Southaryton. A melanclbolic. unsocialA8 character, Southampton Initialty opposed Charles l. but his disgust al tho Irial ol Strafford turned him against thè lunto, and he Inslaad became a beader in Ihe foyallsl paty in Ihe Lc¢ls in 1641-2. During the thil wars ho wa$ a strong advocate of peace, being employed as a ¢ommi&ioner In successrrfo troaty negotlalions, bul he was never trusted by the kn"ng. Southampton received Fer+lent treatment al th8 hands ol Parflament, and in 1660 becarne an Imp￿￿nI rnlnister under cha￿$11. Wofking closety V4ith th8 èarl ol Clarendon. Philip Wharton. 41h 88ron Wharton. Wharton was one of the most important and radlcal pollbcians at Weslminsler during the civil.war perlod. He is mostty remembered today fof his high-wofilè OPPQSiI￿n lo the crown in Ihg r8lgns ol Chartes11 and James11. Yol his ￿reer a3 a slat8sman and poliryvmaker was confinod eXdu￿Vety to th8 1640s. A dosé o)Ilaborator of o￿Or cramb￿l. ha was a champlon of the New Model Amy and a not8d patron of Puritan ministers. His partyy)&tul zeal vas such Ihal il somelimes exceeded hls conceffl for the knstilution81 integrity ol Ihe Lords or the interests of the peerage more genwally. He r8main8d aclfvè in nalk)nal politlcs unb"l a littte beftKe his death in 1696. Rup•rt Wlttelsb•ch. 1st duke ol Cumbertand.. Charl8s I's fteK4￿. TraditkM)8Ny vlew8d as the most glaIrM￿S of Ihe cavaliers. MaJDr royalist c<)rnmander and key figure in Ihe wartime politics around Charth l HIS parliamentary career in Ihis period. Decessanly very ￿'e1. amounting to onty a few days attgndance Ihe Oxford Partiament. has 9oneralty b@8n ovorlcK)ked. 13. The sectlon made slx ccx)tribullons to the Hlslory of Partlement's blog, among them 'Nv Evthnce lor old Slones.. the scribbled books of the Housp of Lords St Edwards Crown Tr stuart Brcth8rs in th8 HOU￿ of Lords,. rh• Hous• of Commons 1832-1868 14. Thi$ prol•cl, begun in 2009, covers the period belween the firsl and second Relom Acts. It will resuli in the c(¥npilab'on of 2.591 biograph*s and 401 con3ts'luency wtscios. Project HisfoRY OF PARLIAMEMf Tru￿-TRusTEESANNUAL REPOAT ANO ACCOUNTS 2023.24

Slaff are Phllp Salrnon (edrtor). Kalhryn Rlx (asslslant edrtor). Malln Spychal {88niDr research feuow) an¢J StepI￿n 8811 (research fellow). Slephen 8all18ft from The History in D￿ember 2023. Durlng the yeaf the sectlrm completed 112 articles (57 from 8Xtemal authors} amounling in lolal lo nearty 400.000 w￿d$. Tr ariKles completed durlng the year incknle ftAlowing: iam 86resford (1797.1883): a Tiwy of Ihe ohj 8choof. Btsmsford was a JunK>r mornber of one ol Ireland's most inftuentFal polilical tamilies. A lall. rouoh. hol- tempered lrfshman. glv8n to prolanlty., he was MP lor Har4vich, 1841-7. WKI then Essex North and served as chief whip of the protection￿1 vAng ol Ihe Consorvats've party belween 1846 and 1852. Chwges of electoral bfibory 8nd his ministerlal car8L.r as war s8ttetary. bul he remamd an actlve WKI h)fvenbal backbenther until his retir8menl in 1865. Sir John Ch8lwode {l7￿1845).. ono ol lust fv• MPS from th¢ 1812 Parliament to be elected in 1841. Chetwode was a SiaffordslM"re and 8uckinghamshbfe landowner had serrfed bnafy as Tcry MP fof NevKastle￿Thder-Lym6, 181& 18. In 1B41 he was returned for 8uringham with thé backing of Ihe Duke ol 8tsckin9ham. Credited with fathering at knast 18 children, and slaunchly an Catholic. he remained a loyal supportèr of Ihe Conservative leader Peel un 1845, when he rebelled against furMSing th8 Catholic seminary of Mayf￿, He died later that year aged 81. Philip Courten8y (178&1841 }: a banister who tuffl￿ hls hand to flnance, Courtenay ¥￿$ elected 85 Conservative MP fof ￿)dgWater in 1837 but made littbe mark in lh8 Coyfflons. Willlam Wofdsworth. vAK)se financial affairs he managed, described him as 'one of the kindest of men,. with 'a genius lor money4naking'. However. he Suffered financ￿1 Iosges during the 183940 banking (xisis. and gt8PP8d down at th8 1841 01￿1K>n. HIS dealh Irom morphine overd¢)ge laier that year was ruled accldental t￿1 suspected ty some to be suiode. Fr8di¢k Dundas {1802-72),' n￿e￿ of the V Baron Dundas {lat8r 111 Earf ol Z8tland), Dundas sat for Ofkney and Shetland family's interest. 183747. and frcmn 1852 until his death. A 'conslitutional r8fomié¢, hè gavg sleady 8UPWI to rr¥)st pro9rassive causes. Induding the balk)1. 8n¢J was a founth.ng member of the MetropoliL3n Anti-com Associakn'on. His famivs 'inallentlon' lo Shelland often drew cnticism, bul was a rewlar presentar of petilions from rt• inhabitants. John Hall (1799.1872)." bom into a milrtary arKI landownlng famlty, Hall ck>cked up 55 years 8s an amy offlcer. rising to become a gener81 without ever s881 active Tield s@Nic8'. In 1846 he was 81ecled as the Duke of Btsckingham's nominee lor the agricuttural backwater of Buckingham. A silont but byal Prot8dtonisL he only broka ranks wilh Disraeli by opposing Jewish emaTrcipatK)n. He retw8 on parliarnemary reform Ixrt faced oppOs￿n Irc*m HISTORYOF PAALIAMENTTRUST-TItUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023-24 16

)cal radicals on account of his support for Ihe Maynooth grant. A 'c4)nscientK)US membrf, who 'rarety absented himself from the buslness of thè House,, 09llvy pald close attentlon to Scottish pollcy. Ha offered an Independent uitlque of successlve governments. Scottish r8lomis. was wary of Weslrninsler's 'centralwng Sysiem., and Introdu¢ed several proposals for the imrffovemant of Scottish county a(kninislralK)n. Laurenca Oliphant i (1791-1862),, Oliphant represented Perlh as a R¢lormer belween 1832 and 1837. With family tbès lo planlati¢xts in Jarnaica. he defied k)c81 radic8L8 lo make hls onty reC￿ded speech in support ol the govemrrnt's radualist scheme for the abolition of slavery. Initially an asslduous attender. he laced in¢reaslng local crllklsm for h1$ dedinkng 8ttendanco before stepping down 1837. Sir Henry 8roo• Pamell (177&1842): a leading ra(fical in tha urrfom)ed Commons, Parnell was retumed for Dundee al the 1833 byvelection after bein9 ftrced out of his long-lerm seal of Queen's County for falllng io support ￿pea1 of Ihg Unlon. A decllning parliamentary for￿. his acreptance of offi￿ as payma51ereneral in the 1835 Melboumè mini51ry altracted widespread radical efitbcism. He was Taised lo the peerage as 1&1 Baron Cotyleton (olbwing his retbrement In 1841 and diod by sui¢xJe in June 1842. Charfes Peawn {179&1862}." a leading radical on thè common eouncll of the clly of London. ar￿ a prominenl lawyer w behalf ol proseculed radical campaigrbers. Fear￿)n became the city's solicilor in 1839 and key r￿u￿ in the •aty plannir¥ of London's underground raiw. He sat bri81ty ICK Lamb6lh from 1847-50. becoming espeoally active as a prison refornlef. His vme Mary Pearson was a s￿n￿l¢an1 radical activist in her o•m and a noled portrait painlef. John Henry ph￿IppS (aft6nv8rds Seoufvld) (1808-1876); a Perni￿A(e8hlre landowner, Philipps - C￿ Scwrfield as he became after an inh￿tanCe in 1862 - playe(l a prominent rol8 In counly govemmenl, notably as chainnan of quarter gessKmS. H8 brought thi5 exp8rlence to boar as MP lor Haverfordwest. 1852.68. and subsequently Pembrokeshire, being a good 8xampl8 of the hard-VKJrking y8t unsung backbench8r who made a slgnlficanl contnbulK>n in Ihe c(Thm1t￿@ rooryts. Oescrib8d in 1852 85 a 'Libe￿l-cOnSOrVaIfv•'. he was unafraid of tsking an indeperKlent line in the divis￿n lobbies, but suffici8ntly loyal lo h18 paty to be given a baronetcy by Oisraèli shortly bofore his dealh, Gillery Pigoft (1813-75): described by John Bright as 'a very good lathyer and an oxcéllenl and IK)nourablé man,. Pwii blknwed in his bfother's footsteps as Liberal MP lor Reading, 1860-3. DurirvJ his brief parfiamentsry career, which acted as a step￿.ng stone lo a wdicial appOIntm￿l. h6 took a koen interest In legislation to tacl8 electoral corTUPth)n and made an UnsU￿s1uI attempt to relorm Jersey's court syslem. He was 'a very offiaenl l¢Jd98' in tho Court of •xch8quor until hls death in 1875. Thomas Redinglon (1815-1862).. VthwJ MP for Dunda* fr￿ 1837-1846, R8dingion supported his party 'through th￿k and Ihin.. Regarded as a compelent man ol business. in 1846 he became Ihe first CalholK to hokl the tmportant post of under-serxetary for Ireland arKI ￿ mor8 than fivé years semd Ihe Irish •x8cutlve durSNJ ts WOfsI penod ol Ihe famine. He gave up hts subseouent app￿ntr￿ent as secretary of the board ol control lo seek another parliamontsry seal, Ixrt after s6veral falled attempts gavo up politics and rgtifed lo his Ga￿aY ostate. Henry Tufnell (1805-1854).. an imwrt8nt but relalrvety llttle-kn¢Y￿ part￿MentarIan. Tufnell briefly represonled Ipswich from 1837-8. As MP for Devonport from 1840-$4 he ser4ed as assislant at)d than ¢hiel whip 11 Wh￿$ unlil 1850. h8lpiffj Ihe party ¢P￿Se the govemment of Sir Robert Peel Misfoffy OF PARUAMENTTAUST- TRUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNT5 2023-24 17

and sUbseq￿nty nialntain its hold on power. His cornmllm8nl lo polcles of 'Pfogressfft relorm was tempered by his 'thoroughty amsable character., and his persua$ive powers and 'social amiability. e8med him r8SP8Ct fnyn all parts of the Cornmons befcn his unUmely death In May 1854. Francis Pwott (180943)". a country gentleman. Pigott was 8le¢led In 1847 as Llb8ral MP f(K Roading, W￿￿re his 'unNetsal 8ffabllty' made him popular. Allhough lacking in oratorlcal talents, he was Cfediled wlth 'a fair Sha￿ of tact and abllity,, In the ComrTK)ns he took a particular interesl in incom• tax aThJ in rn8dical relief undèr tha po)r law, brlnglng in an akn1ive me8ywe on the latter. Unafr8KI of takn.ng an irKlependent line in the division lobbies, he was supportwe en(yJgh ol Llberal mlnistries to be rewarded with the govemorshlp of tho Islo of Man in Octobef 1860, but di8d in ham8ss in January 1863. Sir James Power (l80￿7877).' the son of a prominent Irish whlskey dlslll. Powèr rewesented County Wexlord from 183>47 and 1 ￿68. His increasing relu¢ian¢e to campaign for a repeal of the Uni¢M C(￿lI1bUted to his fetirem¢nl 81 the 1847 election. He retumed lo Parliament as a Liberal in 1865. after ovarso8ing th8 expansion ol the family's Oublln distillery during the 18503 and plgying a promiTrent role in lh8 Wexford and Dublin magsstracies. He was one of 73 MPS who supported the enlranchisement of wDm@n in 1867. Roèert Monsey Rolfe (1790.1868): a barrister and Whig MP lor Penryn between 1832 and hls elevalton lo the benth in Novembw 1839, Rolfe act8d as soldttY- general in both Melt)oume govemmenls. Maligned by radicals arrfl Conservatives for his inepb'lude. lack of charactèr and ability to 'sol ¢Jie ap' with his spèèthès, was dI￿ent in his allentim to officiBI duties arKI regularty explained the legal rationale behirKI Ihe mlnistry's domeslic rtfonn agenda. Raised lo Ihe peer89e as Baron Cranworth in December 1850, he laler seNed as lord chancolk)r under Aberd66n, Palmefsion and Russel. Thomas P9ers Williams (179&1875)'. considered by his near nei9hbour Disraell to bo a Comp￿19 'nincomkKKYP', Wiuiams, a fabulously weallhy grands¢M ol the 'coppgr ks"Trg' Thomas Williams MP. clock8d up 48 thoroughty undlsllTrJtsished years Sitting for his own 'pockel borough. (rf Great MatlcTh¥. where his electordl shenanigans brougil him lo natK)nal attention. HO was bnafy Yalher of the Ht)use' in 1867 before retiring the follovAng year. A wh￿ tum8d Tory, but a very lax attondef, ha followed Disfaèli thto Ihe lobbi08 on nKsI is3ue5 6xcepl J8w emanc4pats.on and onty spoke ¢)nc8 in debalo. 15. Arn¢Mg tha constiluéncy artidas aro.. Ayrshire: one of the largest C4>unty eA)nstllu8ncles In Scotland, Ayrshire, on the wést coast ol th8 Lohlands, returned a single membèr. Wilh fovrteen eb8clions in Ihi5 period. eight of whtch wenl to a poll, it was (m of the nation's most polrticaly actlve countles. Liborals were bemused Ihal an area vh*r8 com grawirwJ 7•YaS limit8d and irKlustrii11 concerns s¥Jnificant shoutd have any tr￿k with Conservative ￿em￿r5. RKhard Oswald, a popular R8f(Kmef. won a landslide In 1832 bul rotir8d shorty aftef his unopF¥)sed relum in 1835. Follow'rKJ the death of his18cklustre successor in 1839 the ConservalNe Lord Kelbume eonsummatgd the r8-e$l8blishrnenl ol Tcyy landed influen1￿ by winning tho séat al th8 by4lectwi. The Cmservalives Ihen hdd seat unopposed unts'l 1852, when they only nanowty survived a Liboral-Po91ite chaltenge. After Seve￿ large landowners delecled to Ihe Liberals. L¢xd Patrick Crichlon Stuart was abl8 to wrest the county from tha Cons8r4atlves In 1857. bul h16 dèalh shtyity after the 1859 eleth'on saw 11 pass once more into Tory hond$. 8ndgwal8r. a west Smrset rNer FX)rt, BrMJ9wa16r r6t&ned both its 888ts 1832. The local landowner Chartes Kemeys Tynte. wlw) had r8pr8sented the borcwh &nce 1830, remained inlluential. holding (xbe seat lor the Lib￿ats unl HISTORY OF PARLIIJAENT TAUST- TftIISTEES ANNUAL REPOAT AND ACCOUN￿ 2023.24 18

1837, and his later followed him as MP. 1847-65. Mce poient In 6leclm$ Ihan this personal and Icrtal inlluence, htrther, was the ptrwer of the wrse. Comiption was 8ridgwaterf$ 'thron6c disease,, ￿1h around Ihree-quarters of volefs expectlrMJ a bnbe as '8 comrnon right,. This helped to 8xplain thè flucluatlng fortunes of the rTval partles ard Ihe regular Snflux of wealthy strangers as candidales, The involvement of both Liberals and Torfes in ele¢toral mawactlce meant Ihat dgctlon petltions weo rare. des￿le the b¢xouoh's notorious venaty, with only one MP unsealèd durlng this period, However. rts mlsderroanours were exposed by a royal commission in 1869 which lound Ihat no electlcffi In thls wiod had been pu￿, and it W83 disfranchised In 1870. Chthester. 8 C8thedral city in Sussex. Chichesl81 had a hrfde scot and bt trafKhlse belora 1832. Its electtons conlinued to be livety and venal affalrs In thls perlod, the dukes of Richmond controlhng one seat bul usually leaving kxal groups to vle for Influen( over the second. The Str duk8 Installed hls younger brother Lcyd Arthur Lènnox as a relomr In 1832. V￿th the coTht8st for the sècond seat béing won by the sittlng MP John Abel Smilh. a Liberal bank8r unpopular with local radKals on account of his èquivocal stance on the abolic>n of slavery. Th8 two MPS cornlortably SBW off radical ¢halknnges in 1835 and 1837 arKI camo in unopposed In 1841. 8y Ihen. however. Ihe duke and Lord Arthur had gravitsled towards the Conservats'ves. Th8 thkè's controversial decisi￿ to lor¢e his Ireè-tradè supporting brother to resign in 1846. and lo seat his Protecb'onist son Lord Henry Lennox. a cOnf￿ante ol Disraeli. attraded wide$pread publicity. LrKd Henry and Smith sat unoppos8d unlll 1859. re- èslablishing the cty's pr8-r8fonn culture ol sharné rePr￿￿tation. A k>cal Uberal ch8116ngef managed to oust Smrth in 1859, onty lo r8swJn In 1863. enablng Smith ￿ regaln Ihe seat. Sha￿d (Y'one and one. representation continued unlll Chichester became a single member constituency after 1868, County Kwkennr. a fer1ile and rel8tNety prosperous inland county in Leinsler. thig constituency was dominated by Ihé Ropeal party and tho Whig l Liberals Ihroughout lh8 fir51 hall ol this pefK)d. Th8 county was thèn regularty contest8d Ircn 1847 as lh8 quèsiim ol tenant rlghl came to the fore and the dlfferent factions of Insh lib6r81ism vléd for supromary. From then on. the Iwo seats ￿re generally Shared belween ra¢JtC81 members of th8 Iiish indep8ndanl pafty arml mor8 consefvatlve rep￿entativeS of the county'518ndthJ Inler8sL Gre81 mart0￿. 'one of lh8 most depraved towns. In Buckinghamshire, Marlow was seveffjty Impacted by the Gr8al Westem Railway. wthich destroyed coaching bu$lness and its cC￿merCIal trade along the river Tham8s. By 1848 rt was reckoned that 'no in England. had so 'many publi¢-hw5es' and so much 'rtty theft,. In Ihls lom￿r.p(￿k&l. Ixwh. the 1832. 1835 and 1837 018cts.ony r8sulted in the retum of one Tory and ona Llberal. mainty on account of a fragile truce belween the dominant Wiliams ané Clayton famlhes, reinforced by oxtensiv8 bribèry and voter Intlmldatlon. The breakdown of their arrangem8nt resuhed in an extra(￿dinary 'tie' at the 1841818clk)n arld an election inquiry which attracted national attenlM)n. rK)I least ft>r the I￿ht it shed on the rolg of women in sèlh'ng their husband's votes. The unseating of Sir William Clayton for biibery in 1842, and Ihe failufe of his cx)sty raven9e elactK)n petitton ag8in8t Tory candldale in 1847. alknwed Ihe Williams lamily to assume complelo ntrol vrith th8 support of an 'opulenl' k)cal Tory I￿eV￿r, As 8 result Gr8at marttr￿ became even more of a 'dose Lx)rough' ip. lh8 dKades aftar Ihe Refonn Hythe: the massive exl8nsion of Hyth8'8 bwndart8s In 1832 to {r￿Ude tho port ltywns ol Folkestone, Sarrflgate and Iheif agriculiural surrounds tranSf￿￿d •18Ctoral politics {rf not ahvays 8￿10raI outcomes) in a IxY¢yJgh that had pieviously been ¢<￿trolled by the East India int8rest and tho Influenco of rKm- HISTOAY OF PARLIAME NT TR￿- TRUSTEES ANNUAL f¢EPOfiT AND ACCOUNTS 2023-24

resident freemen. Reduced io singS8-rnembar status in 1832, Hythe wa8 represenled by Liberals ihrou9hout this period. Whilè they contestod sweral ebctions. local Conservatt'ves stru99led to dovekjp a suffictenuy powerful eknloral base and baiues between knbefal candfflales were Common. The un8xpeci8d e¢ononil¢ 9ro4Vlh of Folkestone and Sandgate from Ihe 1840s enSU￿d that constiluents in both towns qulckly dwarfed H￿e in terms of thelr 8bcloral S￿nIfiCance. Treating and Ixibery remained an int89ral aspad of el8ctioneering. as rosident £10 householders (rather than n￿l￿reS￿Jent fra8man) became the beneficiafi8S of candidates, expendiluie. La￿a￿ShIre.' Scouand's rrK)st poptslous and e¢onomrcalfy important county. Lanarkshire returned Llljetals at the 1832 and 1835 elion before a nrthl8SS C¢)nservative campaign in 1837 ushered In a tW8nty-year period ol Conservative dominaThc8. Dlvisbons befyyeen ConseNati¥es ovw Iheir candidale, and the death ol one of the counV8 chi&1 proprleiLYs, L¢yd Douglas. h￿￿ever. led to the retum of a Llberal In 1857 Conllnued Conseryative disunion and r8gistralion ¢hange$ introduc8d by lh8 1861 Scottish County Franchise kl en5ure<l the county remained in Liberal h8nds until ils dt+41sion in 1868. Tr c￿nty's massive uthn POPLJlabon played a limited ro￿ in electK)ns due to Glasgow's status as a doubl membef borlwh and the cwnty being home lo lour Cwbtributw burghs. Ort(ney and Shellantr. tradilionalty consKl8r8d a 'nomlnalion county. of Ihe Dundas famity (Baron Dundas l Earls ol Zeljand). Orkney 8Trd Shelland anyihing bul the easy berth that Ihis Imp￿eS. One ol the UK'S 'most impr8cbcd' constiluencies, it (X)mpr5sed two distin￿ archipelagos off Scotland's ncvth coast, 'sep8raled by a stormy sea of mce than 100 mlles.. sin￿ 1818 Orkneys leading pfopnel(xs had tsken turns to norninate the MP in alternation wilh Dundas. Realising that the S¢ottlsh Refr)rm Acl woukl enfraI￿l5e e￿r9 in Shetland. %4there Dundas o%%ned oxtgnsive propety. Orkney's proprietors CaMpa￿ned for separate ￿preSentatiOn during 1831-2. They weré not suc£essful. blaming Dundas and the sltting refomef George Tf8l1 l. The 1832 conlest befvfftn their 'tocal' refom) candidate. Samu•l Laing, and Traill, vtho was backed by Dundas. was desper8lety foughl and complicaled by Shotland'g pollbwks going missing al s8a. Traill's victory appeared lo c￿fi￿n DurKlas's asc6ndancy, but in-f￿hlIng amoThJ tho Liberals then enabled an Orkney-based ConservatlV8 to sopjre a 'fevenge' vKI(Ky in 1835. Dundas managéd lo gal his nephew Frederick Dundas. a knbefal. retuméd In 1837 and 1841. In 1847, however. Arthur Anderson. the Shippir￿ magnate, was e18Cted as a Liberal %wlh Laing's help, ousbng Fraderick Dundas. Further dNigions arnong Ihe Lib8f abnost cosl them the seat 8gain in 1852. vthan Fr8d8rlck Dundas saw off anoth8r Consérvativè. He was relumed unopposgd al the next thro8 98nefal ele(aion8. twt not Withoirt all sorts ￿ pre4tect<)ral 8kimilshes ahvays takiTra In additson. tha proje￿ pub&shed 17 bkngs. dividgd b81ween HiSt￿Y of Parliament's main blog and the VKton'an Commons blo9, wh4ch Is run by the 1832-68 team. The bbgs wale 'A sheer genius in eleclM)neering': John Fra￿ (1804-79), ConseNatlve party agent.; 'lrish Abslention from Ihe House of C<mnm￿$, 1844-6 The -march of Refomi" and the thanging backgrounds of 191h cmtury MP8';'A "nobl8" and 'magnffi¢enl' occaslM'. MPS and Qu8en v￿￿la.$ coronatlon,: 'MPs and the c¢)frA)alN)n of Edward Vll,: Polrtlcs ￿yond paty: Ihe survival of non-partisan traditsons. 1832-68.: Reappralslng England's refonY*d olgctoral map. 1832-1868: Ihe impacl of the 1832 Refomi Act,; The most violent MP over 610￿¢￿ lo the House of Commons? John Palrl¢k S4yners11800-1862);'Quakers in the Comrnons.. Josoph Pease and Ihe nght to aifm.; The ladios. gallwy in the temporary H4XM• of Commons,; 'MarryirvJ for the Vote: tho freadom+4nwfiage frarKhlse belore 1832.; Whipping in Iho HISTORY OF PARUAMENT Trusr- TAUSTEESANNUAL REPORT ANO ACCOUNTS 2023.24

refomie(I Commons: Heml Whth¢xe (181&76>': 'Identfying the Attle• Famlty Cars: Prime MiTrlsiefs' Props,. Th• Hou8• oILords 171&t790 16. Thls wojecl began In 2018 after the completion of The History of ParfI•m￿l.. the House of Lords 166(kl 715. Thè r￿joCt staff aro Robln Eagles {e. Stuart Handley and Charf8s Littteton {senbor research lellows). Ther8 ara 928 articles to be WTillen; 77 of Ihem were eompleled In 20234 (six ol them by exteml c¢)ntribulors). 44ith a total ol over 199,0(Ki tyds: 480 articlos remaln to be written. 17. Among the artlcles c¢)rn(4et•d thls yoar wefe." Wllloughby Bertle. 4th èarl of Ablngdon <1741>1799).. Abingdon was d8scrfbed by one contemporary as 'a man of genius. but 8cc6nlrl¢. and Ifregular alm1￿1 to madness.. A talenled amaleur composer and patron of M￿•(￿￿n3 such as Jcwh Haydn. Ablngdon was also a slgnificanl flgure n Ihe Lords and a friend of John Wilkes. H4 Was 8 fierce critlc ol Lord North's handling of tho American crisls. Championing the caus8 ol Ameitan prisoners ol war. and was a sln'denl opponent of the Fox-North coalition. Many of his speeches made rt into Frfinl. some botsu$o he sent them to the papers hIm￿lI. IYthi8m 8ouveii6. 88rt olRadnor (172&1776).' Radnor had been in the Commons for 14 years before inheriting the viscountcy of Fofkestone from his falhor. Fwr years laler, and just months after his mamage to the dowa9ef 8aroness Feversham. he was promoled lo the earldom of RadnN. Bfoadty KSenb"fied with Plll the Eldef. Radnor was infiuential in his hc(ne county of Wlttshlre and tended lo speak out on Iha subje¢l of moral Tefom. In 1772 he 31ood against Loftl North for the chancelbrnhip of OXI￿1. bul the 'independents' wer• dmdad b8lween SQ￿ra1 candid8t85 arKI he w88 eventualty forced to Wtlhdraw. iam Cowper, E8rf Cowper (1665-1723): C(yffj*8r b8gan Ihe parkxl as knl ¢hanc•lor. bul by tlmo of his d8alh hp had bec: Enlertng Parliament in 1727 after ten yews of dlplomatlc sorv¥ce, Marchmont opwjsed Iho Excise In 1733. and was orn￿ed frryn Ihe Court lisl at the next 81eclion. Ho campaignod for freedom of 81ectlons in Scolland, and was one of Ihe signatories of the unsuccessful Scots peers. pelilM)n against ministerial inl8rf8f8nco and corruplion. He remain8d an oxlrn.parll￿nlaryl8ader of th8 antl.Walpole opposits.on in lh8 HISTOAYOF PAAUAMÉPIT TrUST- TRUSTEESANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUln5 Z023.24 21

Henry Llddell, Baron R8vensworth <170&84)." coubj afford to be 0(xentricaly independent (ywing to his weath d8rlved fr(ffi n¢ylh•astem ¢oaifie&ls. KiThJer contemporaries th￿ght hirn an honest, zealous Wh•g: more ac8rt>ic ones thought him muddléhèaded and enlhusiastic lo the po¢nl of insanily. In 1753 he made pubk expbslve 8lal¥ons of past Jacobite 8th.vty against govomor8 of Ihe Pmce ol Wakns. He was knovm lor bng, meandedng Speec￿ and stances which gamored no other SYPWL Alexander Montgomerfe. 10th 89rt olEglinton (172>69): James Boswell Ih¢)ught Eglinton lighty., unreliaNe and easily distracted by music. Ha was a folk)wer of 8ute. through whom ￿ was appoinled a gontleman of the bedchamber and elected a representaiive peer n 1761. He w8$ In opposmlon from 1763.19ading ￿ hbs dismStsal from Court. HIS lkne In 1768 Partlameni was cut short when he was SIM Klenlally during an altercation with a poacber. John Monson, 2nd Baron Monson (1727-1774}: Monson Inherltod slgfmlkant interest In Uncolnshlre tr￿ his father. which he conlinued lo exercise with considerabla succass. H8 n8v8r qullo matched N8 fatherf8 poIIKal pft>w￿. though. and a feaiw8 of his caffjer was 3 near constant demand lor office. Broadty al￿nfjd with tho Pelhams and then with Rockin9hams, he seCu￿d Min￿ office during the Rockingham alkninistraiion, but lost it when RoC￿9haM was dismlssed. Chartes Mordaunt, 4th eart of Petertx)rough (170&1779): Pelerbtrwh's som8wh8t stralionfjd dreum$tsnces led him io support Ihe n￿nistrY d the day In relum for a pensim. although h6 did flirt with opposiiion lo Walpolg. His per￿n81 ¢ircumst8nC8S were coburful and, having fathefed a number of illegttsmate chikjren with Robiniana Brown, he marriod hor a mere 17 days after his first wrfe's death. In his lat8r career, he $￿Wed oynpletg loyalty to the government ol the day, tMch he showed by tumw¥ ￿ to vots on mp¢)rtant occasions. Thomas Onslow. 2nd Bamn Onslow {1679-1740).' The s<)n of a Sp8ak8r of the House of Commons. Onslow was a Whig $lak¥art. %%tK) had a 'bubble' named after him, r8L31SrKJ io what was lo become the Royal Exchange Assurancè. He survlved an assasslnation attempl near GuiJlord in 1723. and a protratX8d law sull by Anne Mead8 daimed he had marrf¢d hef folknwlng Ihe death ￿ his first wife. James Slanlwe, Eart Stanhope (1673-1721).. Slanhopo's short cafew in Ihé Lords was defined by his rol8 wrth Ihe ead ol SuTrderland in a ministry inlent on refonning the ￿ls1￿ul￿)n in Church and State. Stanhope prèsided ovèr a host ol foreign policy 1ry149ts.ves d&s￿ned to deal vAth the afternialh of Ihe Spanish Sucx8ssion War and the treaty of Utrecht. He died follo¥￿ng a seizure in ￿ chambar. whilst delendifbg hls artd the govommèrt's conducl Ov¢f Ihe S¢yJlh Sea Bubble. Edwany Wrljes, bislklp of 84th & Wells (16941773): A brillant cryptograpPr. a skll he dapk)y6d eaty in life n he5plng lo unctyier Ihe G￿lenbOr9 Plot, Will8s wait8d unt61 his sons were eslablished in lh8 d8ciph8riro bu8in8ss ￿fOre accepiirwJ a tsshowic. As on& woukl exped from a master of detail, he was a consci8ntM)US administrator, bul a limrted Fyeachw. Above all he was a ¢i)nslstenl $UpF￿ar of thé administratk 18. Tho pr(¥Éd also contrlbuted 17 blogs to thè Historf$ outpul. rTKxI ol them to the'G6orgian Lords. stream of Ihe History's bkng. They included.. 'Loud ènough to wake th• dead? Firewortts and celebratK>n In the mld-18th centur< A very go(Kl bed ￿￿tser8 to HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TRUST-niusTEES ANMUAL RtIX)RT AND ACCOUNT5 202>14

fesl In.: The 18th<entury Post offi￿ and its Postrnasters-Generaf: 'Tfue Blue,: th8 choice of political colours In the 18th cènturf: The earl of Atsngdon and th8 trealment of knerlcan Prisone￿ of warf; 'Not voting at all,: the election ol an imprisoned MP in 1769. The Early Car8er ol Hugh 8oultèr. Archbishop of knagh.; 'G8t 8 haircul": CeletM8ting the career of Lord Chancelh)r CDhpe<', 'Hogarth In Derbl: The Trosl solemn, magnlficent, and sumpiuous ceremony.; 'Ihe ¢oronatK)n of Geor9811 and Queen Caroline. 11 Oclober 1727 '￿Trd patron of the m]rthful fray.: Ihe En91i5h aristrthcy and fxicket in the 18th century,: he Peerage and the Coronation of George I,; The buzz. the wattk, th8 crowds, the noise, the hury.: Ihe Coronalion of George 111 and Queén Charlotte,: 'Almost an afterthought,: Queèn Charlotte,, IAlho do Itw thlnk they are?: Take care. or yw wlll break rny shllis with h¢8 damned axe.; 'tr genuine foundai5on of our evils.: Ihe Tea Act and Boston T•a Party 250 years on; Tackling ox9estion in 18thwc8ntury LMdon. 19.The project wntinu8S its support of a do¢loral student, Helen Whlson, through Collab￿tiVe dtxtoral award in conjunction wfth thè Open Universty. now in its third year. Her prq'ecl concams the BAME presence in British polibGs. 1750-1850. Conewnporary Hlstory 20. The history propct was beswn In 2011 to record lrfe St￿ tnteTrlews ￿th 8s mary Imr members ol Parfiamenl as Fjossible. The project is now managed by Emma Peplow as Head of COnwnp(￿ry Hi510ry, and Emme Ledg8rwood, who works part time as Ofal Hist¢Ny coordinator. Emm8 Ledg8wod is due lo b8ve the organisakn'on in August 2024. The prqect CUr￿nIty VA)rks with 24 active IntOfvwNers, 18 of whcm are vobunt¢grs from variety of backgrourKIs. 21. Twentylive new intorvws (¢>ften Ccynprf￿ng S￿Oral sessions 8ach) wore c￿nPleted in the pernd, meaning thal by the end of 2023-24 we had comp￿ted a tot81 of 244 inteNIev￿. with a further 13 in progf8SS. Th¢ Inlervw•4s are deposrted wilh our partners in Ihe proi the British Litxary. Another volunteer. Bart)ara Luckhursl. has taken a series of pothil photograph8 of our sut4ocls. which are deposited along wrth Ihe Inlerviews. 22. An￿n9 tho Initr¥b6ws oJmplete(I In the porlod wére: GiNlan Alenvn Labour MP for Lincoln. 1997-2010. In thks lonyunniTra int8rvi8w Merron describes her expen8nce$ as one of th8 1997 Intake of women and her r¢lo on Ihe modemization commiilee. speaks fully ab￿1 hef time in vanous nior ministerial rolés and Ihe particular drfficulties of being an MP as a youngor. single woman. In an interesting fin81 sfrssth she (les(Jibes her Tole after Parligrnent on th8 8oard of Bthsh Jews and her rolationshlp wllh Ihe Labour party durlng Ihat tifft8. DavKI Porter Conserv8Uv8 MP Waveney. 1987-97. Porter stood for loc41 govemment and was a party agent before enterlTh3 inlo Partiament himself in t t8 1980s. This Interview Is part¢ulaty strong on parfiamentary culture. Ihanks lo the expertise of the intervi8w8r. For oxample Porter desuibed his wthips as 'masochislic' fof nol givlng him the night off loifowing the biflh of his fourth thld. Nlcholas Bennett Conserrfalive MP for Pembroke%hSre. 1987-1992. Benn8tt discusses his unconventional route into the ConservaiN8 party from his Easl Londcwi upbringlng: rec4)unting how his fatt￿r bbt the alr oul of his b1(8 tires to slop him delrvering leafiets for th• Cons•r¥ats'ves. The interview Is full ol HISTORY OF PARLIAMEP4T Thusr-TRU5TEESANNIJAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 202J-24 23

anècdolés at￿ul the whips. office and hi8 timo as a ministsr. an(1 docurn8nts hls struggle to return lo Pafliam8nl followlrvj ￿￿￿ng seat in 1992. Petér Snapa Labour MP lor West Bromwlch W6st, 1974-2001. Snape describes his rouie into politics thfough the amiy and involvement in transport unions. His inteosl in transport pollcy fe81ures throughout this inleryiew, vthich is also full of an￿d0t•S aboul tha 19708 whlps, offlce and other MPS. Indudlng the infamous Inddenl vrt￿n Edwina CurTle poured orange Juke over him durfng a TV inteprflew. Lynne Featherslono Lib Dern MP for Homsey arKI Wood Green, 2005-2015. Fèatherslon6 desuibes her career In deswjn before being drawn Into kxal poll￿9 ftAlowing the breakdown of hei nwfiage. Trs is a frank intorrfltrw and contakns fanlaslic atK)ul local Campaignw￿ and personal carya¥n fundraising, as well as details of her treatment by media. hor relatknns wlth coaliuon partnets. and inlemal Liberal Democral poliucs. Colin Prcklhall Labouf MP lor Wesl Lancashire. 1992.21X)5. PILthal describes some d81ail his upbfingln9 In Cumbrla and how Ihis, and his grammar 3¢h(K)lir¥J. strongly irblknnced his poliiKal vi8ws. Phyllis St8fkey Lab￿r MP for Milton Kèynès SW, 1997-2010. In a detailed and long intetview, Slarkey describes her sclenlffic w(￿k before Parft8ment, h8r advance through the Labour party on Oxlord City CouThc41 and adoption for the new seat of Milton Keynes Soulh West. li is ful of explanations of kxal paty polli¢x and manoeuvrhi9. as well as frank d1$￿$$1￿5 about Starkey's experiences as a New Lat>OUf bad(benc MP, campaigner for Pal8stinè. and dwir ol tho Communities and Local Govemment Select Coffffiittee. Angel8 Bray C<knseryalive MP for Ealing Central arKI Aclon, 201 ￿2015. Bray describes her mlldty rebellious ch4dhood and career In broadcasllrKJ and loumallsm whlch bod her inlo working wllh the C(Thervalfve party, She recounts her time workn.ng in Ihe Conservative press offic8. as <)Th8 of th8 first mombers ¢n Ihe Lontknn Assemt>ly, ar¥J her eventual g1Kil￿ for a very mBrgin81 London s8at. Throughout the int8nii8w. d88pil8 h8r c(xnmfftod C￿SerVative she describes 9ood Wofking rel8ti¢Jnships across parties aThJ the Ch￿ in liary￿nIary cuure in th8 20108. Anne 88gg Lat)our MP for Abardeen South. 1997-2015. We n)ade ￿nSIderable efforts to record this inte￿ieW as w8 vmre keen to feccKd Begg s perspacts've as (we Ihlnk) the first wheelchaw usor lo sil as an MP, and the unfortunate fact Ihat Begg is sufforing frcrfn Parknnson's dis8aw %thich affecls her memory. Despite ihe challenges 8egg recorded her joumey lo Parfiament through involvoment in lea&*ing unions and facSn9 difficutties overcomlng olhers, pwceptlwss of he¢ atslilbos. She strove during her lime in PaTI￿rnent lo be an 'MP wlh disabih'ties rather than the disabihts'6s' MP., bul lèrt drawn to $sues around social se(xnty and equalrties. eventualty thairing the Work and P&Hh)ns S8lecl Cornmittee. Nom?an Bak8r Lib Dgm MP for Lewes, 1997-2015. An Un¢￿VenI10nar MP drawn inlo studenl polrtics and later into the L&)eral Demtxrals. Baker describes his ¢areer in tho musi¢ industry and as a Lb Dem councillor before bw.ng elecled to Parliamenl <)n the thinl attempt. He des￿1b&S his invofv8m8nl with many cantrovornlal ￿mPaign5, In¢lKllry hls Invostlgalkn inio tho dealh of wltelligence HbSTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST- TRUSTEESANNUAL Rf PORT AND ACCOUIITS 2023.24 24

officer Dr David Kelty. b•fore dis¢ussing h13 time as a junior mlnister In Transwrt and the Home Office during the coall￿n govomment. A4afthew Parris Conserrfative MP for West Derbyshi￿. 1979-1986. This int8rvknw charts Parrls, childhood In Cyprus and southem Africa.. hls later tlme in Ihe Foreign Olkn and Margarel Thalcher's partlamentary office belore bec(xnlng ¢ne of lh¢ youngest MPS eI￿led in 1979. Parris was frank throu9houl about hlg ambitions. his dislike ol Parliament as an instilutlon, and the difficullles he facéd because of hi5 homosexuality. It Was Striking throughout this Interview how much Parrls consldered ￿'Mself a 'fallure' before findlng suttess as a writer. Estelle MLvrts.' LatM)ur MP for Blnningh8m Yardley. 1992-2005. Baroness Moths remembers hei workingft. He describ05 a wel- conn8Cted chlklhtx)d. as h1$ family also knew the Churchills. He sharés memories of his ts'me working on Fl•8t Stroel belore Jcmning Parliament in tho 1970s. Sadly Cockcfoft passed away befofe the inteThi6w wa8 cwipleted. Clarn Short.. Labouf MP Birmingham Ladywc)I, 1983-2010. Th6 8 thoughtful Inle￿ieW wth the h￿h woflle and OUts￿ken lorrner cabinet mlnister. She de$uibes Ihe importance of her large Calholi¢ famlly, education and time as dvll Servant In 8hap.ng her parfiamentary cow. Short talks passK)nal•ly Bboul her role in eslablishing tho Dèpartm•nt for Inlemational Devek)pment in 1997 and hef relalK>nshlp wilh Iho paty badership. p1￿1￿ty after the Iraq War. Chris DaY￿s.. Lli wal Denmxxat MP for LittleborcAJgh & Saddlff•V)rth. 1995-97. Dawes w85 only in parI￿rnent ILY a slK)rt perK)d as ￿ was unable to ropoat his 1995 by•b&dion succéss In 1997, His h'fe was very wllKal h(y￿Var. Including 8 peri(xJ as a councillor in L¢v6rpool durlng the ToxlAth nols and in opposition to MilltanL and rep8at8dly standing lof election to P8diament. After his bnef ¢areer in We$lminsier Davi93 went on to the Eufopean Parliament. V•thich bacam8 his poltlcal home. Robln Squirp.. Conservative MP f(x H(￿rCh, 1979-97. Squtre was fam(xts as Tory Ivet, ￿ remain8d con$bStonliy rm Ihe left ol his paty. In his int&rvlew ho th's<￿$Se$ hls support for LGBT+ nghts and d8SCT bes his Labour Predecessor in the seat as 'mor8 rwht-v•ing Ihan me., He remembers his Ume in John Mapf'8 gov8mn*nl, inckKllw bthng in Downing Street Ihe IRA m￿thr atlack. rmn Boswell.. Cons8rrfaliv8 MP lor Davenlry, 1987-2010, Boswell remernb8rs h18 upbrlnping on the lamily fann and al Marborough College, before discusslng his time as a polilical advisor lo Mlchael Jopling. After his eloction in 1987 Boswell speaks more frankly than most about hls expenencas In the Whips. office, hts career In the L<)fds and thal of hls daughler. the ￿rrOnt Attomey Gengr81 Vicityia Prenli8. HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TRUST- TRUSTEES AP4NUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNT5 2013-24 25

DavKI Heathco8t.knthy. Conservative MP for Wells. 198&2010. Heathcoat- Amory travelled exten8iVoty before becoming a thartered accountanl aftef Oxfofd. In thffj inlefvlew he discusses his experierKes in Ihe Vlhlps. offlce durln9 the Maastn'cht dèbales. whilst hls own opposliion 10 the European Union was growlng. A high1￿h1 is the detailed explanatton of the events surrounding hls resignation fr(xn the govarnment In 1996 ovtr the European single Currency. Sk Mkhael HKst.' Conservative MP lor Strathkthn and Bear5den. 198347. Hyst discusses in some detsli his mulbple attempts to be 818cted to Parfiamenl before winnlng In 1983. He rem6mbets his campaign In Westrninsler lo extend slngl use hypodermic needles for diabet8s patsents loll¢xing his daughler's struggle wllh the disease. and his onwng invotr¥ement in the Intemational Diabetés Feder81ion. Hé partty ￿arne$ the woposed chan9gS to kKal govemment ￿atIOn lor the loss ol hi5 spal, and he briefiy dtSC4Jsses the scandal that lod to ￿"$ wilhdrawal from Cons8svativ8 party poWti(s after 1997. Sandra Gkll8y.' Liberal Dernocxat MP for Romsey, 2￿2010. Gidkny d8scr6b8s her car88r as a phamiadst and rèlatlvety late entry Ints ￿[vO politics. She rèmembers in s(xne detail intemal Liberal Democrat pcAiticts. both lo¢aity and in Partiament. This Int9rM8vi includes refleclions on Ihe ￿ttu0 of Parliamenl, Incknling Ihe impaci of the soclal life on some ol her 0)18agL￿. and the imp of Ihe expenses $￿Inda1. A*ha81 Fostér Labour MP lor Hastings and Ryo. 1997-2010. Bom to a 8wyI8- mother who was also caring lor her elderty parenls. Foster was déeply Involvod in the Salvatlon Amiy as a child, Tr organization gave hirn educatK>nal opFh)rtunities and a lrfeloThJ faith. He remombers hls Involvement in a local Labour pty wtth few axpectationg of electoral succas8 beforo Tony Blalrfs leadertiip. and his b.me as Equalrties Mlnistef. h8Wn9 to porsuade many church•s ol the merlts ol the Equalty Act 2010. 23.A collaboratlve docttyal project wth the Univefsty ol Ke810 and th8 Unlv•r81ty of Manchfrsler has been suspendèd for porsonal reasons. Ht>wever, a second collBborativ8 docloral projod has been secured %wth the Univefsity of Leic8s18r. cov8rlng min¢xity ethnlc MPS In Ihe UK ParI￿rnent since 1987. A stLKlent began on the w¢4￿L tate in 2023. 24. The project ran a SU￿$S1vI intemship programme in Ihe summer of 2023. Aifiè Steer was recruited lo the position. and asslsied the wwect with data man￿Ment. volunteor 25. Ow oral history t￿￿n hwrf8 contrlbuted nlne blogs ovèr thè year, wlth sorne more comlNJ from Ouf volunleers. They tnclude." 'All Women Shortiists.. 30 Years On,; 'How MPS na¥igated changing ¢I)nstit￿OnCY ￿undan¢5'. 'Par1￿MentarianS on Iheir past: Memories of the 1983 General El8Ctlo,i Mo Mowlam and ihe 8ellasUGoeA FTbd3y Agreemenr: Tr Monday Club,: 'Cooper8tion and the Co-(Ip8rative Party.: "Neither fish, fovA nor good red herrtng,: Baroness NiChd￿n.$ expenences ol hearing loss,. HISTORY OF PAIIUAMENT TRUST-TRV5TEES AIINUAL ft£PORT IJID ACCOVNTS 2023.24 26

DISSEMINATION The House of Common$ 164•%t660 26. In May 2023. the History publlshed ts latést sét ol volumes. The House of Commons 1640- 1660, Thls is ow long￿( public8lN)n yei, coming to nine pdnled volumes. Stsff have bgen Invofved in a va￿ety of evonts to mark Ihe publicatl¢)n. Inc￿d1￿j in Parflamenl, and serninar and workshops at the Natlonal Arthlvos. Ihe Cromwell Museum, Huntingdon. the Department for Continulng Educalion. Oxford. Trinity CoU898. Dublln. and Ihe Instthile of Hlstorlcal Research. Th• Hlstory of P•rfl•m•nt Onlln• 27. Work on rebudding the Hisiory of Parfiament's website, Inlegrating the new secb'ons (Induthng re￿nI HOU￿ ol Lords secaiong) and rnigratinq the sit8 from varlous dlfferenl versions of the Drup81 programm8 into the latesi, Drupal 9. was pui to one sFdo while we worked on the 1fAI>1660 publication. 8tthough much of the devek)prnent work involv6d in the latler proiecl will help lo solve Ihe remaining problems with the mlgration projed. Wrth th8 database tasks on 1640-1660 larg8ly ¢rJmpleted by the end of 2022. we relumed to working M the website. The work entails flxif¥J a numbÈr o( problems that hav8 arts frorn ￿ $Ste's Incremental devebpmenl over the last few years. and an opportunty is being taken to present the data In a more granular way thal will enable it io be interrcfjated by rese3rch6fs much m(xe deepty than at presenL 28. Omng to changes ￿ google anatylics and the QJrrenl wel)sile being at its end ol life, It no th9ar poss￿)16 to record website traffic. 29. The Hisknry 8150 hosts a smal sit8. m8mbarsafttr1832.hisl(ryofparfiamentonllne.tYg. Initialy bulll as a ¢ollaboralk•n between the History. the Parliamenlary Di9ilal Serrfice. and the House of Commons Library. The &te Is based on the d8tabas0 CT•at8d oiiginalty by Proless(* t¥lichael Rush from the University of Exétèr and is kepi up to date by slaff of th8 Hous6 ol Commons Lllyary. We also m8intsin a pennan8nl h¢yna fcrf thè datsbase created by &r David Beamk5h. Ihe f(Kmer Clerk ol the Parliaments. of p￿rage creatlons sln 1800. g'le is availaljlg online at httys.'1lpwagos.h￿toryofwIIoMen10nbne.oW. 30. In addition. the Hi3t<xy is a foundiThJ partn8r of the online Ibr8ry of d¥Jital rnswr¢es davelopod by Inslltule ol Hlstorlcal Re5earth. British HASW Onlno. 31. The Hislory's bloggirwJ and social media adi¥ity is doatt wilh bekjw. as an asped of our programmo ol pjbk engagement, DEVELOPMENT 32. The Hisws delailed kncphledg8 of th8 hisw of Brit5sh 1$ Much sought after and sharod through a number of collaborations with univwsitlos in Ihe UK arKI abroad. Th888 have largely taken the fomi of Arts and Humanities Rèsearth Council {AHRC) CollabcYatNe Doctoral Awards (CDAs}, atthwh the His'.¢Jy is a150 involved in Pfwcts ltsnded by mafvr grants from Ihe Research Ccwncils and olher grant-giving bodies. Suth projects offer the History ways of enriching. devebping and promoting and 8xtgnding the reach ol ils work in engagemenl with othef s¢hokn. HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST- TRUSTEES ANNUAL REPOAT ANO ACCOUNTS 1023.24 27

Collabora¢lv• doctoral awards 33. In th•s•. 8 U￿r$lty provld•s lundlng, SUP￿$1(¥) and $upptyl for a PhD project: tho History offers a cTrsupervisor and the opportunity for Ihe studont to ￿ hvolved In the Htstory's a￿VilleS. Universibes need to bid for furdlng for these in partrb8rshlp with an 6￿emaI Institution through the unlvefsity consortla thal hold the fUr￿1n9. The History is Currently p8rticipating in three collaborative dodoral prgects: Robin Ea918s Is loknt supetvlsor Amanda Goodrlch of the Open Universlty of PhD Sludentship on The Black and Mixed Ethnicity Pr8senc8 in 8ritlsh Polillcs. 1751>1850., one alm of which is to Cfeate a datBbaso of BAME poople who are krthyn to have partldpated in polllics durlng the Pe￿d. Helen Wilson was selected for the studentship and the prq6d Wan in Octobér 2020. Emma Peplow Is joinl supervisor wilh Dr Sally Horrocks and Dr Rlck Whitaker at the Universty of Leicesler of an ESRC-lunded Doaornl Tralnlng Programme Studentship project on 'Minority Elhnic MPS in Ihe UK Pwlament since 1987.. A carKlidalo has bé8n selected lof th8 posltion and thè wc4ecl will begin an initial maslefs degree in Oct(A)8r 2023. Th& studentship jointty held al Keele Univwslty and Manchester UnNersity and a%80c￿ted with our Oral History project has b88n susp8nded for pefsonal feaScm￿. Paul Seaward conlinugs lo be joinl superrfixy with Anthony Milton of Sh8ffleld Univefslty for a studentship on'Bishops and the English Parliament c. 1558-1642,. Since his retiremonL he is doing thi$ on a voluntary basis. The project wlll be carried out in conjunctK)n wilh the ¢urrenl House ol L￿d$ 1558-1601 projecl and the House of Lords 164040 w(4ect. Emma Hartley was salocted f¢r the stLKlentship pro￿1 began in Odobw 2021, Pmject collaboratlons 34. Tho Hist<Jry Is involved In a numbw of colaboratlons as a partnw Instituth)n or C<>p applicant. Involvement ￿mallY means parb'cbpation in the Kxoj8cts' r8sp8ctiv8 advlsory Ix)ards and offering adv￿ and orxasional assistance whwe required. Curront Collabora￿nS underway Invo￿￿￿ Histsxy are.. Oxford University: 'Recov8ring Eump8 s Parfi8manlary Cutture. 150Lk1700.' A New Appmach lo Representative Instrfulions., lunded by the UnrrfefSity's internal researth fund, is an intgr-dwplinary prolecl concemed with the inlellectual, 11or8ry. archival arKI mateiial cuttures of parliaments across oarly mod8m Euro￿. 11 w￿1 commerbce in Seplember. The princlpal Investtgalor Is Paulina Kewes, al Oxford Universty. Paul S8award a co4nvests'gator, along wlth Sleve Gunn. Trvjcey Sowefty, Dorota Pi8trzyk-Reeves (Jagellonian University. Krak¢yw) and Jorls Oddans (REPU8LIC prolecL Huy9ons ING Irtiluio. Royal Nelherlands Academy). Durt￿rn Un￿OrS1(Y. the AHRC-funded Petiti￿1ft9 and Peopb Powwln Twentith- Cenlury Bntain. project, commenced in AtvJust 2020 and runs until July 2023 With Df Rjchard Huzzey as principal investigator. The History IS PfOVKling assistance through ils oral hlstory colkdion, and undwtaking further intervws, Newcaslle Univernily: Ihe AHRC funded 'Eight86nth-Century Polrttcal Participatton and Elecloral Culturo (ECPPEC)',1gd by Matthew Grenby as principal Nwestsgalor. slarted on 1 January 2020 and is ongoing. The History is contributing pmclpalty through the expertise ol rts elghteenth century Hojse ol Lc¥ds w)j8Ct. Exeter Universty aThd Yofk Universty.. the Leverhulma lund8d project 'Parlthm8nl8ry Empir8.' 8nlish L>emocracy and Settler CLknialism, ¢. 1867-1939,. commenced in Seplember 2021. 11 15 led by DavKI Thackefay {Unlversity of Exal•r) and knianoa Behm (York). Tha is a partner insblubon. 15TOAYOF PAAUAMeNTTRUST-TPUSTE£S ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNfs 202>14 28

UnNerslly ol East Anglw and Leeds Beckott Unlversity.. the AHRC folltywwon Ixd for 'The Letters of R￿hard Cobden (180445) Onlin6t.' an exploration in active ¢itlzenshw', led by Anth¢)ny Howe & sIn￿)n McNgan (UEA) ard Helen Dampier (Leeds Beckett) was apwoved In 2022. The Hist(>ry Is provlding 8UPPCYt through ils wblic enga98m8nt actNi116S. 35. Other Wentlal partnershs are either in the apph'catoon PfCteS8 ¢x urffler discussion with Durt￿rn Urmversty, Exeter Univor￿ty and Nottingham Trent. 36. The Hkstory cOn￿nueS lo be a founder member instilullon of the nelwork of European Parliamentary Historians, EuParl.nèt. Partners besides the History include the Centrum voor P8rfementairo Geschledenis al the Unlverslly of Nilmegen and the Komrnlssion liir Geschichte dgs Partiamenlarismus und der Politischen Parti*n (Commission for lh8 History of parfiary￿ntW75rn arrfl polltical partles), which 1$ funded by arKI Works closely wlth the Gefman 8undes13g: ihe Inslitule of Contemporary Hlslory In Prague". t1￿ Universlty ol Jyvaskyla in Finland, and the Comilé ￿'h￿101fe parlemènlaire et polilique in France. St J•M￿'S House 37. The Historfs relallonshlp with Ihe publlc relalions and publIShk￿ company St James's House dates back to 2013. and is based around the producb'on of a seri8S ol books themes lo do with Iho history of the Bn"lish parliam8nt and parflamentwy politu. The hlstory contrtbules ￿ main t8Xt. usually written partty in-houso and parfty by extemal ntributors; St James's House sèll to cTrmpanies and organ¢sations the opwtunily to ts)ntribute text about their ovm activibes and achi8v8ments, and Ihe iwo e18ments are )mbin8d in a well-woducad and highty Ilustrated Volu￿ which the cunpany distribut8S widety and promotes through a kunch In a central London location. Tha History receives from St James's House a regular fee ft>r its collaborat1￿, and, under previous conlracls, royalty on advertlsing salas ov8r a defined threshold. The History also receives copiés of a papert>ack version of each bts)k, wrthout the advertisiry. W8 hav8 beon salling somo of these Ihrough partiamentsry bLx)kshop and othér OLillel8. 38. In 2022 we aweed wlth St Jameg'9 Hous• a renewal ol the exisling contract w8 hold vlth tham. whtch now expirns In August 2028.The new contracl covws lour books lo be wblished over fwe year5. 11 offers an Increased 160 to the Hislory totalling £480.000 over fve ￿r$. Ihwgh withoul roydllies. Th8 four books concern". Parfiament arKI Natk)nal Health SO￿]ce, wthlch was publlshed in 2023, marking the 75" anniversary of Ihe NHS,. ihe House ol Commons chamb8r and the Commonweafth gifts, lo be published in 2025; Parllament and UK Trade and Industry. marking the anniversary of th8 1851 Greal Exhibititjn, to b8 publish8d in 2026: The E9￿1 Franthis8 Act. marking th8 annivef5ary of the equalisglx)n ol the voting age for rnén and womgn in 1928. to be publish8d in 2028. 39. In Saptembor 2023 publkshed I1￿1 book ￿der the 2022 conlract. ctywing Parliamont. polrtscians and the Nats'onal Health Sop4iCa. on occasion of ils 75th annp4ersary. Thwe was a launch evanl at Wesimlnstef Abbey. ENGAGEMENT 40. The Hlsws pr¢)wamme of pubfK and aCadern￿ eng8gem6nt act1￿￿￿"0$, Is managed ty r Publlc Engagement mana9er Connie Jeff8ry. In February 2024, Kirsty O'Rourk8 Publlc Engag8￿nt Awtant, loft lh• Hlstory. That posilK>n was ad￿rtISed ènd filbd kn May 2024. HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TAUST- TRVSTEES ANNUAL REPOIIT ANDACCOUPITS 2023-24 29

Ac•demlc. unlv•rnlty and prnf•sWon•l •nBog•m•nt 41. The History has conts.nued Ils regular competition for Ihe b681 undergraduale di$sertaiM)n on 8n.lish and1ri8h politScal and parliamentary history. The annual ￿ze was awarded to Joshua Franklln, Universty of CambrKlge for hi8 essay Thalchefism and deregulatlon in the City of Lond<>n'. 42. The Hlslory has cont¥iued to devek>p tt's lthnks vAlh Higher Educatl24.. 'Politics Before Democracy. Brilain and its World c. 175￿1914. and'organisol Organisè! Organisal, Coll8ctlve Action. Assodational Cutture and the Politlcs of Organisation In tho Brrtish l$108, c. 17￿1914.. 45. Th• Historfs staff continu8 to interact foutinety tyth lh8 V4ider a¢>d8rY c<Jmmunlty. principalty Ihrough contriblrtions to conferences and seminars ar¥J public8lN)n in academic hislory journals. Stsff of tho History are editfys or members of the editorial board of a large number of Joumals concerned ¥￿th Britth a(HJ pafknamentary history, or trust88S Of b)ard members ol Organisa￿n5 thai deal with these subjecls. 1nthdW￿ Internat￿nal commis￿00 for th8 Hlstory of Representative and Parfiamentsry InstrtutKJns, Parfiam8nlary History arKI trle Partiamentary History Trust. the Court Stud48s Sod8ty and the journal Court Sludffjs. the London Journal. the Cn)mwell Assoclalion, the Widoria County Hlstory TfusL Fifteenth Century Studles. arrfl many others. Socl•l Al•dl•, VJd•os and Podcasts 48. Our social media s18t￿l￿$ have been signiknntly affgdod ty the m*r decreas• In Twtter users gk)balty in OctobeflNovember 2022. Thefe is still consKlerable uncértainty surrounding the social media landscape. Allhough Ihffe has been some fvcluattons, V4 continue to 580 a smam inuease in followers lor all thr90 Twitter accounts: @HislParf has 17,588 followers, @TheVicECommons h88 6.177 foknvefs and QGeorgianLords has 6.838 folknvefs. TW￿Or impr8ssions gr8W OV8r the yoar. although Ih8y are slill low8r than previously. We are now moniloring th8 Twittar 'eng8gement' rate. rather than just 'impress5￿s.. This number r•cofds the users actlvety èn9aging Hislory of Parfiamenl content {clicking links etc.). ralher than simply s80ing a post and scrolkng on. The engagement rale for the History of Parllamenl 18, on average. much hKJher than that expecled lor company4ffi'.iated (l.•. nol personal) Twtter accwnts. No comparats've HISTORY OF PAALIAMENT TAUST-ThUSTEES ANNUAL RÉPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023.24

anatysis can be made until further data Is collected in the next repthng pef#)d3, bul vAlh an average 011.95% on the maln account wo WratlrKJ ¥Ye4 above th8 expected werage of 0.5%. 47. The History launched on fikTok In May 2023. Thé PE t6am approach Tlkrok vldeos In a slmllar ￿aY to Twrttèr t￿lent, wlih all Inlorrnatim drafte(I by the PE team, before being checkod by the relevant section lead. There are clear benefits of uttlislng fikTok io engage {￿r 18-35 target audience. Our TikTok engagemenl rato Is hlgher than on other platfomH. The PE team havo created 55 videos which have had over 43.000 vbew& 48. A total of 126 blogs were publwtshed on the History's three blogs in Ihe course ol the ye¥. Most of these ￿te wdtten by the HislW'S own slaff. many ol thém wllhln the fN6 stratbds covering our vark)us projects the Commons In the Wars of the Ros8s'. the Flrsl Elizabethan Age: James I to ResI￿atIOn. the Geor9lan Lords,. and Ihe Victorian C<)mmons. Also indud9d are short summaries of the papers dehverod to HI51￿Y'S Parliarnents, Polilu and P80plo seminar. and a few blog5 contrtbutod by th8 Oxford Centre ft)r Inlelleclual History's seri6s on 'Recovenng Europe's Padiamenl8ry Culture. 1500-1700.. There wefe a lurther 21 bbg$ published the Victorian Commms, the blog of Ihe 1832- 68 projecL The ttwee bk)gs (including DirKlorfs 'Refofmation to Refe￿ndUM, bbg) between Ihwn recofded a total 01249.197 viwws, close to the lovel achleved in 2020-21 whon figwes were Inflatod as a fe8uM of the pandemi 49. In March 2023 Ve began to deveklp 8 pod¢8st serigs Surrounding the Oral Hist￿Y proj'ed. working wlth an extemal podcastef lo help record and edil and transfor skills and expenence to our public engagement team. The series is iniended to be released In 2024. Ev•nts So. Th1$ year wo hosted 8 rowd n4mber of evenls: 12 Apdl 2023, Bloom$1￿ry Squarn. Workshop: S¢ttlgr Cokmlallsm and Parfiamontary Democracy 27 May 2023. Oxford Departm￿1 of C(M)tinuSfbg Educlion, Day Schools Sp8oal Ev8nl to rna￿ thè publkallon ol the Hovso of CoTrmden Prohect Launth evenl 14 Oclobor. Huntlngdon Library. Cromwell AssocialK)n Study Day 2023 16 November. Senate H¢￿3￿, IHR & SAS Hlstory Clay 27 Novèmber, River Room. Hw8e of Lords, Parfiamenlarians on ther Past: Oral Hk8tories in Parlia￿nI 16 Fabruary, Th• Nalthal Arthives, Pwliament in the Civll War. oxplorlng the archp4es 19 March, Alllee Suile, 'A Manly Place.: EXp￿n¢88 of Wcfftgn In Paitsarnent after 1997 51. Details of rnedia and other erwagement is kiven below in (Jur Value RoporL MISTDRY OF PAILIAMENT TRUST-TAUSfEES ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023.14 Ji

VALUE REPORT 52. The Hlslory ol Partlamenl r4¢)w Includes within its annual report a stat8menl M lh• value of the programme as a whol8 and its individual rasearch proieds based on feedback rrfpJv6d and Ihe use made of our research over the Pfevious year. Our $urnrnary ol recent feedbad( is based i)n the follorfThJ calewisallon of the Hist(tys Va￿@. History Is ona d a smal nwnber of projects Ihat fomi the key Infra•tructurolecosygtem of British historical knowledge and ur•der318nding. As well as Ihe H18tory, they inc￿de the Dictionary of National Biogfathy (now the Oxf(Yd Dictionary ol Nat￿Jnal Blography, LY ODN81 and the Victoria History of Ihe Counlies of England {VCH). These are now supplemented by a growsng numb8r ol $maller online dalabase resources such as the Cl8rgy of the Chw¢h ol Eryland. or the Logacies of British Slave ownership. Hislory goes beyond this to providè fresh aThl highqua16ty ¢ontrlbutlons to our knowl•dg• and Intorprolatlon ol British pathamentary. pobtical and social hi8tory. Some of Ihis is evidenl in the Introductory surveys to our publicati(xB. or the wort(s we have published wh￿ have been dos8ly basod on our researth, This contribution to tha broader ffjterprotatK￿ of political history also eAnerg8s 1hr￿￿h the Historfs several bky3s, whKh constituto a large and growing resourca. now often ctt8d by oiher blogs. in undergraduate reading lists and In other a¢adem¢¢ work, and through worts by in¢vldual rostsarchefs as a¢ademic IxKtyks and i(xJmal artides. Beyond writing and publicadon, the •xp•rtl6• 8r#J background knowkdge of the History's staff conceming parliamenl. poltical lrfe. and th8 lives of the 8ritish political and social olite is d8ployed in ¢￿tting￿edge engagernents ¥Mth academtc history and othef disciplines. working in partnershlp wlth scholars and universilies world-wide: in the provision ol advice to parliament and to oth8f Institu￿nS and organisatsons: in respondlng lo quorlos from thè wblc and in regtAar CLvth"but to Ihe UK and loreign medkq. 53. Bel(M we provide a series of updat8s on Ihw areas: A revww of Th8 PolIt￿81 Lh•s ol Postwar Bribsh MPS," An Oral of Partwment (pubhshed in 2020) by Emma Crew8 appeared in PartJam8nl. Est816S &R8prgsenlatit)n 44, 1 (2022).11 praise(I the bcK)k for it's 8knquen￿ and ins￿h1$. The oral history collectson is ￿aISed as bein9 '1ika gLld for parliamenlary scholars.. The reviewer noted that 'lf Ihis t￿) was read Wmjely, 11 rn￿h1 do a hu98 service lo democracy simplv by al8rting r8opl8 lo how similar FK>lilici8ns are to tho rost of us in some ways and h¢yw diffèr8nt they are from oach olher kn other ways. The 8asy avallability ol our previous publicallons Ihrough Ihe History of Parknant line and its value for 8 rang8 of scholars is Illustraled in numerous b￿kS and artsdes published In the pasi year. Amffig books articles publishéd on Ihe website appeaDng in 2023 or 2024 w8re H. Millor, A NalAM ol Pob'tioners.. Illlons and Petit￿nIng in th6 Unitfjd lQ'ngdorn, I7￿1918 {Cambrid98 University Press. 2023}: Micheal W. Mccahill. En￿'Sh IIPs.- Legislators and S8tvanls of their Conslituents, 1750.7800 IBk)omsbury, 2023), Tlmothy Venning, The Fall of Crcmnweu's Republi6. and the Relum ol lh6 ￿ng." From Commomwalth lo Sluart Monarchy, 1657-1670 (Pen and Sword, 2023); Christian R. BurseL An Emplrn of Laws.. Legal Pluralism in Bn"tr'sh Colonial Policy (Yale Unp4ersity Press, 2023): J. DcAvnie and Nlcholas Sea9er (ed.). The Oxlony H8ndL¥)ok of Daniol D8108 {Oxlord Universty Press. 2024). Slmon D•verdU& Exocutth, Stale and Souetyin England HJSTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST- TRUSTEES ANNUAL REPOFIT AND ACCOUNTS 2023-24 32

166LL1900 (Cambridge Universlty Press, 2023); Stephanie Barcz6wski. How lh• CountryHouse b@C8n￿ English. (Reaklion Books. 2023>,. C. O'Neil and F, O'K8ne, Ireland, Slavery 8nd Ihe C8ril>boen. (Manchester Univer￿lY Press. 2023)., Elena Woodacre. Joan off Navarrn, Infanla. Duchess, Queen. Wrtch? (Abingdon. Roultedge, 2023); Brid McGrath. Thé Oparntlons t)f th6t lrfsh House ol Common4 161348 {Dublin, 2023)., David Faff, Oliver Cromwpll s Kin, 1643-1726, {Taylof and Francis, 20231: S. Psasrra, U. Slai9her & C. Slemberg, P8rtiamenl Buthlings." Th• archrfectu￿ of politics in Eun)p8 (UCL Pmss 20231. Our blogs are also now used end elled In 8 raNJ8 of publlcallons aThJ websltes. Som8 blog artlcles are now Iwltt Into othef Inlraslniclure websites such as layersoflondon.org. and the National Records of Scotland {nrscotland.9ov.uk). Many ar8 refeff8d to in othèr pvbli¢3llons: have bee.n cated In {arnong other places), K. M. Nurnl Huda, Electronic Voljng in Govemmgnl Ejectms to Promote Damocracy (Cambrldga S¢h¢Yars Publishing, 2024): L. R. Schumacher, The E8St6m Quest￿ in 1870$ 8nt8ln. Demo¢r8cy and Diplomacy. Onentalism and Efftpirn (Springer. 2023>: P. Cane and H. Kumarasingham. The Cambndg8 Conslitutional Hisiory ol the Uniled lQ'ngdom.' Volume 1. Explon'ng the Conslfflutr {CambrhJge Universty Press. 2023)., A. Norrle. C. Harris et al {eds). Hanoverian to indsor Consorts." P9￿r. Influence, and Dynasty (Palgrave Ma(%nJl￿n 2023): H. l)oe. One Crnw." The RNLIS Offficial 200-Ye8r History (Ambgrley, 2024).. C. Eickelmann & DavKI Small. Das8nt's Eslale, News. West Indies." enslavement and Compensat￿ (Universty of Bristol, 2023); C. lfjnaaty. 8eGomin9 Ifa Aldndge. 8 Black Shakospaarnan Actor In Nineleenth Century lrnland {N&wc8stJe, 2023): S. Priddy. 'HistOriC81 representation of elhnk minority groups in the House of Commons,, H ol ComrrK)ng Libra Reseaich Briell . 26 Sepl. 2023,. A. Marvin, 'Considering the Cayley Symposium,. Yorkshrre philosoph￿81 Sochty. Annu81 report forlhe ye8r 202312023}, 2&31,' 0. Gatehcxtse, 'Estrangwnent al th8 church d￿.. Silas Marner arKI ihe Fwection of new En9llsh spaces,. European Journal of En￿lsh Sludles {2024): L. Smiih. The saga of James Lucetl and tr process for curfng in38nty. Part 2 (1814-38):'Insanity axe(r' HI￿Ory OlPS￿lIaty. 2023. Tho Vlctorf&n Commons bbgslte was pralsed In Ihe Do You Think You Arn? MagaJne'. which notes thal the main website "a w8alth of infomwtlon aboul the )tslical history of conslftuences", and Ihe WKtQfian coryrn blog 'ls ful of interesting gems about V￿Orian e1gcb"ons'. exp•rtlv: Our engagwmnt activrties with ￿1ver811￿8 Is dèscribed above. urrt1er 'Oevelopment' and 'Engag8ment'. The Historfs staff have given numerous talks and conf•mnco papefs." audiences included: the Rthard111 Sodaty Conference for Schools", the Intefflational M8dleval Conference 81 Leeds", the Fifteonth Century Confernn¢e at Winchester. the Wofshsplul Company ol Fblchers ol London: Study of parliament Group Annual Conterence: RHS Transacti￿$ Workshop. QMUL.. Oral History Si)oety:Polrtics Before Democxaw Conference. UEA,. Ofgani881 Organisa! Organi6et Con16r6nc8. Outham Unlvarsity: Research Day in SIu8rt and Civil War History, Universily of Buckingham; the IHWHislory ol Parliamenl 'Parfiaments. Polits'cs and P8opl•' seminar; North Ameiican Confwence British Studies. Ballimore Novemb8r 2023,. 8rltOsh Society for Elghleenth Cenlury Studw, St Hugh's coll￿8. Oxford, Jan. 2024. Staff also serve as tho book revlwws ￿lIOr for Partlam8nl•ry Hlstory, the asslant itor ol Th6 Fifteenth C8ntuy, a sth)n odrtor on the &"blicgraphy of Brrlish 8nd Iiish Histoy. on Ihe edrtorial boards of PaAMm•iTrtary H￿tory. Jo¢Nnal ol Lthl HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TAUST-TRVSTEES ANNUAL REPOAT ANDACCOUNTS 2023.24 33

Hislory., and as offKers ol the J￿bIte studi￿ Tn￿1. the So¢b&ty for Court Studies, Ihe Parliamenlary History Y8arbook Trusl, the Huguenot Society of Great Brrtaén and Ireland, the British Association for Local Hlslory, the Victoria County Hislc Trust; thoy serve as convenofs for seminars, wincipalty cxw own semlnar 81 the 1nsb.tute of Hislorical Research on 'Partlamerts. PdllJc8 and Poopl8'. but also Ihe Lalè Mèdleval Seminar at Ihe IHR Staff routinely publish elsewher8 Indudkng edhlon8. articles in edited coll•dions {8g. Kathryn Rlx. '1880'. in Brrtish goneral election campaigns 1830-2019, ed. l. Dale 18iteback, 2024). arts'cles In peer4eviewed jcxjmals (eg. Hannes Kleineke, The Hidden Pr8s8nc8: Tho Pa¢)p￿ of Sl George's Chapel in Parfiament in thé laler Mlddlo Ages,, Annual Reviow of the Society ol the Friends ol Sl Geofg&'5 and the Descendants of the Knighls ol the Gart8r. x {2022-23). 15344) and book reviews in numerous scholarfy ioumals. Media appearances hava induded on BBC Radio 4 Today programme on MPS and coronations and on Tlmes Radio on a slmilar sub}ecl (Kathryn Rix. April - May 2023), Resear¢her lor BBC Radio 4 S8ries on Prime Minisle¢s Propy (Martin Spychal),, Consutsncy for 88C2 rv S6Tigs 'Union' (Androw Thrush): Pandlist on PoliticsHorna podcast (Rokn"n Eagles),. Radb Brislol {Robin Eagles). Staff routinety respond lo a wide range of oxtemal inquiries from the modia, a¢a(knni¢s. membws of lh8 public, parl¢amentsry and other bodies. GOVERNANCE AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE TRUST 54. In February 2023, Ihe Charity Commission approved our application to create a now Charitable Incorpofaled Ofganisallon undef the Charities ALt 2011 to refv the existing Trust. The HPT is an altemative lègal forrn for a chan'iy. which enables the chanty to acl In its (ywn name (ralher ihan collectivety as Trustees}. and limits th8 Ilatmlily ol truste05. In the course of Ihe 2023-24 finandal year Ihe Trust transferred all thg assets, l￿bIll￿.9$ and operali¢)ns of Ihe existing Trust to th• new HPT. The fml transfer took place on 31 AugusL SS. The administralive 10am consists of the Dlroctor, Paul Seaward (10 30th November 2023), now Dr. Jennif6r Davéy (from 1 •1 Decembw 2023), along the Offic8 manager. Adam Tucker. arKI Financo Mana9af. D•bbe CorTgan (who replKfjd J￿￿than C¢)mber In January 2024). $8. The Tfust ¢)c¢upies a buikjing at 18 Bkyomsbury Squar8, London, ovmed by Ihe Bedf¢yd Eslat8s, on a 11>year leas8 agreed in 2015. Tho top Iloor of the budding Is sub-lel lo a business. The curr8nt1•3se 8nds In 2025 and ihe TNSI l¥ ojrnenty considering its futuro a¢¢(rfnn￿dat1on in Ihe hjht ol this chBng•. Staffing 57. Durfng the yeaf to 31 March 2024 the Hislory employ￿￿ 21.12 fulHime equtvalent members of its research resource including the Seth'on Edilors and Editorial 8oard.' there were 1.74 ful￿tIMe equrvalent m8mbgrs of the administratlvg slaff. The ￿reCtor'S tsme ts apportlrxwl equally b•t*pen resear¢h arKI administration. HISTQAY QF PARLLAM£NT TRUST-TRUSTEESANNUAL AÉPOIT AND ACCOUPM 1023-24

Fln•n¢l•l R•vlw• 58. The malority (£1.967.566 <2022-23". £1.674,524)) of unrestrlded IrKomk¥J resources for the yoar 01 £2.149,130 (2022-23: £1.807.267) was F￿IK18d by Gfant-lTrwAid. The unr8slricted resowces al80 inthd&'. recalpts totalif¥J £100.459 {2022-23.' £73,1 SS) urKl8r a fee arrangemént made Conse￿IlVe conlr8¢13 wlth Regalpress Limlted. trading as St James's House. h) ￿latIoN to Ihe publication of a sèries of books concerned with Ihe hk81(￿ of parliamont. £29,057 (2022-23: £32.161) of renlal Income from our bullding In Bloomsbury Square. £30.865 (2022-23.. £19.970) from sal8 of books. Tharn was no rnslricled incom8 Fn 2023-24. $9. Tho InecrfnlNJ ￿SC￿e•S of HPT been aFs)lied lo furth8r lh8 owacts ol thè Trusi In tho form of. Edllorial and Resean Slaff costs b. ManagèmÈnt and Support Staff costs Gene(al Expenses 60. Al fixed asseis (with a rKl book value 01 £1.656 (2023: £2,649)) were held us• by lh• HPT. 61. At 31 Marth 2024. HPT hekl total funds of £1,042,962 (2023.. £833,462). comwisod reslricled furKls 01 £4,744 an¢J unrestricted funds of £1.038,218 (2023.. £4.744 and £828,718). ReséNes have showm a large increaso diie to the rèceipi of House of Comrnons grant•bn•ald, interKled for 2024-25 speThYing. just b8fore the end of Marth 2024. &)me reswves are held lor the Pufposes of funding futurè Dublub'ons, and for some oth8r rF)osés. in¢luding the polènlial cosl ol ddapidalions on oiir offices in 81￿)M$bUry Square. Othep+vise. the poliw of HPT is to awn to hold r8serv8s al a prudent lev81, aquival8nl to a maximum of three months. running costs. Over the lasi fffiv yoars. In agreement with Hous8 of C￿)mOnS and House of Lords authorities. the Trust has b88n deubwaloty reducing Its reserves In ￿der to ￿Ing them d(y•m to Ihis level. 62. In xcordancé vAth Iho Flnanclal Mom¢Y8ndum, arry funds by HPT are not required fcK immediate oxpenditure may be Invested al the Trustees, discretion. The Trust P*ld a lolal 01 £478,597 (2023." £470.120) inesled In two 8avings accounts whith . indud8d in short t8m) invastmonts. 63. The not r8alisable valué of the History of Parfiamenl's st￿k ol publications lor $a1g at 3111 March 2024 is £69.901 (2023: £38.4541. Nel reatssable value is based on r8c8nt sales less imp81m￿nI lor slow rnoving stock, 64.At 31" March 2024. the 'deblors and Frya￿nts' l)alance was £254.369 (2023: £277.980).11 indudes prepayrnenls 01 £35.311 and £212.142 of outstanding fee income. 65. Al 31￿ March 2024, the 'cTrditors' balance w85 £98,419 (2023.. £90.573). 11 includes tradé c￿rtOrS of £14.036 (2023.£21.027), ac(w81s of £8,266 (2023.£24.568), d8f•rred inc4)rn0 of £7.423 (2023: £3.192) and PAYE1Tr41C txed11￿ 01 £31,368 (2023:£30.270) HISTORY OF PARLIAMEpif TRU￿-TRuSTEfs ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023-24 35

1. HPT is ¢cwnmitted to the prompt payment of bils for ooods and sor￿,1￿$ received. Paym8nts are nornally madè as spe&fted In Ihe conlract. 11 Ih8ro Is no contraclyal Pfovision or other und8rstaiidirbg. they are pald withln 30 days ol ihe receipt of the goods or ser￿ces, or on presentation of a valid invoice or SIm￿ar dèmand, whkhover 1$ laler.
2. The Comptrc4ler al￿ Awjltor General Is appolnted under the Flnancial Memornndum lo aLwJII the finanoal slalements. Plans for th• fvturn
3. Our current maj'or r886arth projects are.. Houso ol Commons. 1461-1504: House of Commons 1832-1868: House of Lords. 155&1601: House of Lords, 164(k1660: House ol Lords 171&17W: Contery)fxary {cKal) hislory Infomialbon aboui tha ro¢eni wogres8 of each of these pr￿eCtS is Inthded above; Infon￿allOn aboul future progress and Pfoject linietsb￿s is inckthd in the History's Annuai Plan, whl¢h %VdS approved by Trustees in July 2023, and is avalable Itwh lh8 History's websit8 at hl '.Ilhislo line.0 abI￿v ovemance.
4. An knnual Plan l(Y 2024-2025 was approved ty the TNstees in July 2024. 11 Induded detailed targets for each research rxoi8ct. d¥ilal and •nga9amonl $tr8tegie$, and iho risk re9iStér.
5. HPT will ¢￿tinue to pr(xJuce scholarty and historical resoarth on the P8ih8ment of tho Uniled KiThgdom. inckKllfig tho bK)graphles of members. histones of c4MstitU8ncias, and ol padiamentary polrtics In g￿eral. Ak)ngslda it's research adivty, the Trusl will also urbdertake a programm• of pubhc engagement, designed to diss8mlnale knowWo of Bnlain's polrtul past lo the ￿d￿st posslble authence. In 2024-2025, HPT wil also focus expbring pOss￿le fundraising avenues.
6. HPT 6xpec15 thal most of Ihe cost of its future plans wlll continue lo be met from Grant- InthAld. Gran1-In•￿d has b￿n agreed Ihe House of Commons and House of Lords for 202￿25 al the sam818V81 as Ihat re¢e4ved In 2023-24. HPT antiopales that Ir￿Qma clasSif￿d as leg In￿ne in 2024-25 will be £105,000, all 98n8raiéd frcKn St James, Hous6.It is also anticipated Ihat St James, House wll atso pay the remaining £128,208 of royalties due urKler Ihe pievious contracl in 2024-25. The rentsl trbcome VAII remain rou9hty th8 same. This indirales the Trusl axpects to receiv8 a minimum of £1.832.(KlO of Income rx 99% of its 2023-24 incom@ in 2024-25. HPT has sufficient reseNg5 iogelhe( with th8 8xpethd Granl•inAKI In Ihe 12 rTh)nths tl date of issue of th8S8 finandal slalements lo meet l￿b￿llIeS lalling due. As a fe$uK, HPT balevgs tho going c¢xK•m basis rwnalns approprlate. HtsTOAYOF PAALIAMENT TRUST- TAUSTE£S ANNUAL RÉPOIIT AND ACCOUNTS 2023-24

J￿ni10T Dav•y LNd Norton of Loulh On behalf ol Ihe Trusloo8 Th• Hlstory of Parfthm•nt I C O•e•mb•r 2024 H15TQRY OF PARLIAMEPV TRusf- TRUStEESANNUAL REPORT￿0 ACCOUN75 2023.24 37

STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE TRUSTEES AND OF THE ACCOUNnNG OFFICER OF THE HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TRUST 1. Under law applcable to chariti8s in England arnl Walès. ts Truslees are requlred lo prepare financial slatements for each financial year whlch give a Irue and fair view of Ihe Hisiory of Parfiamont Trust's flnancial activibes dudng the year and of its fv￿nCl8I p￿tion at the end of the year. In prepaAng financial stateménts giving a true and falr view. Ihe Trusteas Shou￿ tyk)w b¢si W8clke an¢J'. seW suitsble accounting pollcies and Ihen apply them consist￿ty, b. makè ludg8menl$ and 6stlniates thal are on a reawnable ba￿5. c, stale whether applDcable accountw Star￿ardS and stalernonts of r￿¢￿T￿nded pracuce have been lo110v￿￿.. and d. Pfepar8 th8 finandal stalen￿nts OA tho going con¢em bask8 ur48$8 It 1$ wiapFwriate to prosurm Ihat the tharty wlll conb.nue in operation. 2. Und&r applicablè laws. ts Twstees are responsibl8 for keeping a¢¢ounting re(x)rds wttich enable them to ascertain the financial position of the Trust. Th8 Trtsst8es affj also responsiblg lor Pfeparing financAal staternents that compty with Ihe Charities Acl 2011. 3. res￿l51ix11lIes of an ACc￿nI￿Vd oifKer indude: Confim)Ing as far a8 she 1$ awar8 Ihere Is no r6lMnt audli Inftxmation of which the auditors are Unawa￿ and Ihal she has taken all the steps she ought to have taken lo make h8rself aware of any ffjlevar.t aLbdil tnformats'on, and to eslablish thal the auditors are awar8 of that inf0M￿lon. b. Confimiing ihal Ihe AJ)nual Accounts are fair. balanced and understandable and that she lak8s pepaonal f8SPO￿l￿.lIty for thoAnnual Accounts and thé JUdgem￿ts rnquirod therein. Th• Accounlng Officw ¢(￿rim￿ the abo￿ have been met. 4. Tho Hlslory of Pwtiament Tfust recelves its wlnapal kbcome frrmn Grant4rb-AkJ from tho House of Commons Esbmate and the House ol Lords Estinale. Under Financial Mem(￿ndurn agr88d b8tsY88n the Trust88s and thè Housé of Commons and the House of Lofrjs. responsibility lof ihe preparatbon and swJning of tho annual accounts is vested V•ilh the ￿'rectOr of th8 Trust who is fornially deslgnated as Ihg Tru$l's AccounliTrg Officer by the Trustees. Notr4Vithstanding the requif8m8nts of Charlkn'&s law, the relevanl responsibilit￿5 of the Tnjstees and the Accwnb'ng Officor. including respons1bi￿iY lor the proprloty and fegularity of pubuc finances. for tha keeplng of proper records and the preparnlb(Jn of the accounts. aro set (xrt ￿ the Financial MenNY8ndum. 5. Tho Flnanc481 MenM)randum provides that the Trust's Director as AcccAJntkng Officer vdll also be liable to be SUMM(￿1. together %wth Ihe Ckfk of the House of Commons and th Clork of the Parliam8nts. lo haarings on any marters relab'ng to the Granl-In-Aid whKb arise bgfore the Commrtlee of Public Accounis. She may also be required to appear bafore olher parllamnlary ¢(￿milIe8$. HISTORY OF PARUAM£NT TRUST-TrU5TEES ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023.24

GOVERNANCE STATEMENT THE HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST Scope of rnsponslts'llty 1. Or. Paul Seaw3rd was Accountlng Orncof until November 2023 he retired arKI was replaced by Dr. Jenniler Davey, I have reSpI￿5•bi1ty for lh8 Govèmanc• St8lement which ouuines the arrangements which have onabled me to discharge my responsibllty lor the managemenl arKI control ol the Hisw of Partian￿n1's resources durlng the cours4 of 202&24. 2. Tho systsm ol Int•mal eontrcA and c￿trOl$ In place aro regularly revbewed vlth the Treasurer of the Trust and seniof parflamgntary staff, in particular through the re9ular meetings ol the Trust'3 Finance Commrtte8. Undgr the lemis of Ihe Financial Memcffindum Ihe Intemal controls shoukl be reviewed every three years. They were l8viev￿d and revised by the Flnance Ci)mmillee duriThJ 2019-20. ￿se controls have cx)ntinued to operate Ihroughout 202&24. A fvrther revffjw and revision has just been mpkted in July 2024. 3. The Hisw of Parliament Trust was aslabltshed by a derjarntion of Trust made on 31 Oecember 1940 with subseqvenl variations in 1956. 1967, 1971 1996. T Trust is a regislerod charlty. AS oulh'ned 8lx>ve, The Trust converted dur6ng 2023-24 to Charitable Inc(xpoTh3ted Organisation und8f Ihè Charillas Act 2011. The transfof of assots, Ilabilities and operations lo the nv4V HPT took pLace ffi 31 Augu$l 2023. The transfer is being taken as an Opp(m￿nIty to review and update the Trust's govemance arrang￿ents, and the result wim be refknted in noxt year's roport. 4. The Trust's (xigin81 obleclives V￿re to complle and publish an authoritatlvè Hl81ory of Parfi8menl from Ihe 131h century in the form of publishing blographies of Members ol Padlam8nl and ¢onslltuen¢y histories. vnlh inlnxluclory essays whl¢h arolyse this Inforniation. This objectNe ha5 b88n extend8d undw Ihft new HPT lo also enga98 Iho Interest of Ihe widesl range of publics in tho history ol Ihe UK Parframent from earli8sI ltrnes to lh8 prasenl Ilwh ils publlshed and other actsvitsos, and lo dissemln81e. promot8 and er￿QU￿8 oiher research on the Hlstory of Parfiament and Parflamentary Insts'iutsons. 5. The Trusl has an Execthive Commlrte8 whose lunct#)n is lo preparo an agenda for the Trustees, quarterfy mgets'ngs and L3ke such deasions as are needed in Ihe period belween Ih058 meelings. It consists ol Chair and the Treasurer 8x off￿￿). 109èther wilh l other Trustees nominated by the full body ofTfusle8s' the Cllfeclof ol the Hislory aTMJ Chabr of the Editorial Board atlend as advisers aThJ ts So• to the Tnjsl ac18 a8 sauetary to the Ccmmittoe. 6. The Trust also has a Finance Committee. +thich ￿nsistS of the Troasurer of the Trust, the Direclor and Accountir¥J Officer. the S8u8tary of the Trusl, together with lh6 ￿'reCtOr of Finan(xal Managemenl arKI Pfrrformance at the Housè of C(wnmons arKI the Deputy Head of Financ6 at tha Houso ol L￿0&. togets with otrr $18ff as approprfate. It moots Iw4¢0 ye8rty. 7. In $8tting the progrnmme of r8searth arKI publlcatlon. ihe Trustees have r8gard to the Charity Commissi¢>n's general gU￿anCe on public benefit. The Trustees aNvays ensure thal th8 PfO9rarnm•$ the TNst Und￿takeS ¥0 In Ilne wNh ¢JJr charftable obie¢lr4es and HlsfoRY OF PARUAMÉNT YRUST- TRUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT AND KCOVMTS 2023.24

1. The Trust is Pfincipaty fufbd8d by Grant-InAld by Hou$• ¢1 Coffffiorffj and House of Lords, The House ol C(mmcffis Commi58w)n de*ates detaded scrutlny of Ihe use ol the Granl-In-Aid to Ihe House ol C(xnm¢)ns Finance arKI Ser4ice8 Committee. The Finan¢lal Memorandum sets out,. the 8dminlstralive and financial arrangements with fegwd Io Pfopth, financial management and the safeguarding of public fijnds.. thé r8spcffts&bllltios ofihe Trust's deslgnated A￿ountIng Offlcw, who is aljo the D1￿Clor ol Ihe Trust", and the responsibilhlas al tho Trust for the day io day managament of the Trusfs Granl-In-Aid.
2. The Tn￿( has In place a system of Intemal control and frameth for rlsk management which is propcvlw)nale to the size and crKnpknxity ol Ihe organisation. Proc8dLtr8s have baen wt In place lo deal wilh risks paltrularty those as¥o(yaled wilh the Trust's R8s8r¥os Policy. Information Techrbology and Employment Issues. Its fisk register and procedures are rtviewed annualy as part of the History's planning process. and Ihe re9lster is Incorpofaled In Its annual plan.
3. The Dkedc¢s p8rf0rn)an¢e and pay arrang•menis alo reviewed by the Trustees every five years. The Director receives the &qme percenla9e cosl of living In¢￿aSe as olher staff undw the Universilies and Colw Emptyer3' AssOC4abon (UCEA) arrarwments. Th• Truses gov•rn•nc• acVvltl•s In 202&24
4. The Tntstees mel on 4 (Kc8skTh in 2023-24 lo consider am(xy other things the fO￿￿r￿j matt8rs." The progTrss ol the Historfs various rogearch proiects; Financial planning and budg8tiTrJ: The Hlsw's publK eNJagement activltses: The lulure governance of the TNsl IrK￿dry the transfer lo the rbow Trust.
5. Th8 k8y data rev￿￿ffjd by the Board on Iho pr)d assuranco of the existet)ce aThJ Quality of tho arfid8s compleled.
6. There was a 62% att8ndance ol Trust888 at TnMt mwtw. HFSTORYOF PARLJAMEMT TRU￿-TRusTEES ANNUAL REPORT AND ACC(XINTS 2023-24

Trusleo att6ndanc• at Trust meebngs," 2023 Nov 2023 Jan 2024 Marth 24 pro1￿￿ The Ltyd Nort(x) ol L(NJlh Dame Clare Mon•rty DC8' Trnasurer r Gordon Marsden Sir Chris B RL The Lofd Clark olv￿l￿rmfjr• Mrs Sa(8h D•vs Mr Jonathan D Ri, L¢xd Lex(ten Ri. Kwa& Kw¥rten Dan Eleanor Lain Lord Llsvane KC8 DL Mf Palrick Vollmer "Kl•mi>ef olrile Exe¢(rtfve Commrtt x fjlgth all￿dar MP MP The rlsk •nd control frameworfr 15. A rfsk management strategy ¢s in place and incknles systems and procedu￿ to mikngaie Identffj￿d risks and minimise their impa¢L Tho strategy is set out in a risk reglsler which is ¢irculaled to Trustees and agreed by them annualy as part ol Ihe History's Annual Plan. The PLyn wll rKxmalty be made avallable onllna al www.histcrtyofp'am8nlonIine.c￿ { site bs currenuy undergoiry iebuikling>. 16. The main risks idents"r￿d in respect ol Govèrnance and m8nagoment Invdve projecl speclficalion and tOm8table: Ihe relationshlp b8lw8en pracllce and policies pursued by thè Trust86s and Editcxial Board, and Iho potent￿1 loys of key staff as w811 as f￿n-attendance by Trustees and vacanci95 among TnJSt￿s. In respecl ol research activits"es, Ihe regisler 1d8n1if￿S rbsk in tams of thè quality of 8rtKIos produced. and online aThJ print publicatbon proc8ss8s. Op8rational risks include omploymenl issues. cyber securlty. h8alU) and safety. staff lumovw and recwilmenl, premises and propaty management and disaster. Financial sks Indud8 fundin9 and budgettThJ. fra￿j and error. and bankong. 17. Risks are assessed In tenn8 of Iheir v0bab￿ty and Imp8cI. 85signgd to a rfsk owner and procedure for Control and mltsg81ion is set OUL tO9eiher with Ihe current stslu$ of miUgalKJn a¢aivilhs. 18. There was one addllJnal rlsk arbd one 'potenti&l Pfobl8m' id8ntified in 2023.2024: cyber securityllT failure 8rwJ missed paymonts from Sl James. House. Both ha￿ been added to the risk register. Thore were no lapses of prot8Ctlve secun'ty. 19. The system of intemal control is based on an on90ing process d8slgned to idenlify and prionlise the rlsks to the achievement of th8 Trust's policies. aims and objectiv8s. to consider the liko1ihcM)d ofthose risks bèing realised and Ihe impacl should Ihey be realised, and to manage them offKienty. effeclNely arKI economl¢8ty. 20. The System of Int8mal control is des19n￿ lo manage risk lo a r8a%)nable level raiher than 6￿mInal8 all the rlsk ol failure to 8chi8ve policles, aims and objectives of thé Tfust. In doing this. kt ￿ therefore only provide reasonable and not absolute assurance of eftecliven8ss. HISTORY OF PARUAMENTTAVST-TrUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023-24 41

1. The sy$tem of intemal control has been in place in th8 Trust for Iho yéar ended 31 March 2024 and up lo thè dale of approval ol the arnual report arrfl accounts and 8¢cords wth Treasury guidance. R•vlew 01offeetlv•n•$s 22.Th• Tru8te¢s r¢vlewed thelr Pfactlces and wocesse5 In 202&24 wilh regard lo effectiveness in enabllng Ihe TnJ$t successfvlty to mael Its objecllves and cmsldor lo be salisf8(kny.
2. The Truslees comtyy with Ihe prlndples lald Lwt In corpC￿Ie govemanco In central govemment dep8rtments. "the Code-. There aré chrtain windplgs In the Code which are nol applica￿ lo Ihe Trust's Board and Ihese relate in the main lo central oovernmenl Ix)ards' roles relating to government pcAicy rn8￿n9 and the powfjr ol minSstef3. Olher elemenls whkh are not applicable iT￿lUde c8rtain elements In the Code dealiThJ vhth board composlljon and Ihe board'ts relationship with ils Arm's Length Bodies. The Trust seeks lo uphohj the high8St standards of govemanc8 through thé a¢cx)unlabillty arKI transparency ol Its management proc*ss89, d￿ls1on.rn&k1nQ c0nmunlcatk￿8.
3. The Hisl(xy prepares. revivws and publish8s its strat8gic plan in July oach yw. A $urv•y of thè académlc and culiural value of Ihe oulwt ol iho Trust is also compleled in each year as part ol ils annual review. and a summary is included in the Annual ReFrt)rt, above. Tho Twsl contsnues to monitor its reserrfe closety and to dIS(￿S$ the aPr￿0P[lateI0Vel thrcwJ9h Its Finan¢8 Committee.
4. Th8 Accountln9 Offi¢ar has rosponsibllty lor maintsining an effeclrffj sySteAn of Internal ontrol arKI pwiodicalty lo rov•8W the procedures Ihal we have in place. Her review of the Tfusl's inlemal conlrol is infonmed by the wo¢k of Parliarnént's intèmal atsditor8, and Ccffiments mado by the exiemal 3￿JitorS in therf management lettw and ot￿r le￿)rts. The lasl Intemal audit was carTiOd out in 2020, She also has re9ard to gumjance on intem81 control end financial management issued by HM Tr8asury. In Owblon Trusl's systom of intèmal c￿trOl moets the criteria for effedivenès8 Set oul in paragraph 23 above.
5. In the opInK￿ of th8 Trustees and th8 A¢countiw Offlc8r. th• G0ven￿nCe proce8888 and practices by Iho Trusl have enabled us as Accounts'ng oifKw and Trusleos lo 8ff8Ctiv8ty discharg8 our f8sponslbilitlès to mana90 afKI corrtrol the ¢xganisalK>n's resLMJrces during the Coufse o1202&24. Dr Jomrfer D8Vgy Olr•cior and AcU￿r￿1r￿J Offi¢•r Loro Nortw of L On tr￿h•tr 01 th• Tru81• LL The Hljtory ot P•rfl•m•nt lo ie2024 HISYOAYOF PAALiAMENY TAVSf- TRUSTEESANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023.24

THE REPORT OF THE COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR GENERAL TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TRUST Oplnlon on Ilnanclal ststemonts I have audited the financial statements of tha Hlslory ol Partlamenl Trust fr)r ￿ year ended 31 March 2024. Th8 financlal slatements comprlse the Htstory of Partl8rnent TnJ81'8'. 8al&nco Sheet as at 31 March 2024: Statement ol Ftnandal Acllvlties. and Statement of Cash FIM lor year then e￿Ied. arKI tho r8laled noles hicludlng th• 8lgnrfKant ac4x￿nting polidès. The financial repx)rtiry framework that has beèn applwd in the preparation of th8 finarKaal slaloments Is applirable law and Llnited Klngdom arxounting slandards InclLKliThJ Fln8ndal Reporting Slandards (FRS) 102, the Financial Reporting StaDdard applicable in Ihe UK and Ropublic of Ireland <UniEed Kingdom G8n8raNy Accepied Acawnting PractiC8). In my oplnion, the financial slatements." give a true and falr view of the state of the Hislory of Parliament Trnsfs affairs 8$ 81 31 Morch 2024 8nd inci)me and expenditiTh for Ihe year then ended; have been pn)perty prepar8d in ac¢ordafiet wilh the Urbrted Kingdom Generaly Acco￿d A¢countsng Practice arKI Charilws Statemént of Rec(*nmeThJ8d Pract￿•. and have been prop&ty prepared In accordance with tho Chwllles Act 2011. Oplnlort on rn9ularlty In my opinion. in all materf81 respo(ts, the Income and expendttur8 rKordgd In the financial stalements have been applie¢J lo the purposos intended by Parfiament and the financlai transaclions r8cofd8d In lh• finandal statemonts conforni lo the authorltlos which govem Ba•ls for oplnlons I conducted my audit in accordancè wllh Inlemali¢J)81 Standa￿s on Audibng (UK) {ISAs (UK)). app111￿ble law arKJ Practice Note 10 Audil of Flnanci81 St8tem8nts and Regularity ol PublK Sector &￿IeS In tha United ￿ngdoM (2022). My iesponsibilitigs under thos8 standards are lurthéf d8suibed in th• AudW8 rnspon&Nlits8s for Ihe audtt oftts fin8noal $18temonts section of my ropc¥L Those slandards wulre me and my $18ff to comply wryth th8 Flnandal Reporting coun￿.3 Rgwsod Elhical Standard 2019. 1 am independent of the History of Parflament Trusl in acconyance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to my audrt of th8 finandal slatemenls in the UK. My staff and I have fulfilled olhor othkal rosponsth'kties in accordance wilh these requirements. I belleve that thè audll evMJerKe I h8ve obtained Is sutTthnl and approprlats lo wovide a bas1$ lar ry oplnion. HisroRYOF PARLIAMENT TRUST- TRUSTEES ANNUAL REPQRT AND ACCOV•ITS 2023.24 4J

Concluslon• r•latlng to golng conc•rn In audilj'ng the financial slalements, I have conduded that Ihe Hi$l(xy of Parfkqment Trust's use of Ihe going concwn basis of accauntlng in Iha pieparallon of f￿￿nCIal staiements Is appiopriate. Based on the work I have perforn￿d. I have nol klenlified any materlal urteftsinties mlatlng to events or conditlons that, Individually or ¢o118ctivèty. may ¢a$t slgnlficont d￿bI ￿ the History ol Parfiament Trust's abHity to continue as a going concern for a period of at least tsvefve months from when the financial stalemenls are aulhorlsed for issue. My r88pon$lbNilies and the responsibiltlws of Ihe Trustees arKI A£￿untIng Offi￿r wlth respect to golng cmcem affj descrlbed in the thant sectlons of this rep(xi. Oth•f Inforniatlon The other thfcwmatlon comprlses Inf0m￿lion included in th6 Annual Rop)rt bui ¢Joes rM)t IrbcILKle the finarbual slatements and my audilorfs report trweafter, The Truslees and Accounts'ng Officer are responsible for the othef infomats'on. My opinion on Ihe financial $talemenls does not cover the otsr informatK)n and. •xc8Pt to thè 8xt8nl othéThvis• explkltly statod In my report. I do noi 6xpr¢ss any lonn of assurarKe n￿V￿On Ih8r8M. My responsibdity is to read Ihe other infomalK)n ar￿. in doing so, ccmsider whether the other nformation is materially Nonsistenl with the financial staiem8nts, or my knowledge obtained in the audit Of Other•vise appears lo be materlally misslat8d. If l idenlrfy such mgleri81 inconsistencw (Y 8PP8rent rna￿.81 misslaiemenls. l am required to d816fmin8 whethèr this givès ftsé to a maierial misslatènwnt In Ihe flnancial slalements thamsefves. If, based on the vKJrk I have perforrrbed. I ((x￿ude that there is a maierbal misstatement of this olher informalK)n. l am ￿qUIred to rep(￿¢ thal facl. I have n¢)thing to rep)rt In th15 regard. Oplnlon on oth•r matt•rn In my o￿n￿)n, based on th8 Wofk undertaken In Iho of lh8 au¢l: Iho inftJrrnalk)n given kn th• Ann￿1 Rep￿ for finandal year for whKh Ihe financiBI statements are preparod 18 consislenl wth Ihe finandal stal8ments and Is accordance wilh applAbl• legal requiremonls. Matt•rn on whlch I r•port by éxc•ptlon In Ihe li9hl ol It knowledge and understanding of the History of Partiament T￿st and Ms ènvironm8nt obtainéd in th8 eoursa of th8 audlt, I have nol idonthfbod matortal mwtaieffor in thp Annual Report. I have nothing to report In rgspect al the loHo•Ang matter5 vthith I rewt k you rf, In my op1Th￿. adequale acc4)untlng retxxds have nol been kepi by ihe History (rf P8rh'arr￿l Trust or retums &Jequat8 for my audit have t￿1 boon r￿PIed from l)ranchts Th)t visited by my staff. or I have not r￿eRVed all of lh8 Infi)rniatlon and explanatlons I rfjqulrg for ry a(KIK: or Ihé finarKlal slat•moftts are nol In agroefrtht wth Iho acc￿rrtI￿j racords and retums; or cartaln dIsclosu￿ of remunefalion spKrfled by ts ChatJlie$ Act 2011 have not been made. 15TORY OF PAALIAMENTTRusf-TRUSTEES ANhlUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNT5 202>24

R•sponslblllilM ol th• Trust••s and Ac¢ounllng Offlc•r for th• fln•nclal •tat•m•nts As explained more fulty in Ihe Statement of Responsibillkn'es of Truslees and A(xounling Offlcer. th• Trustaés and the Attounting Ollker are re5pongit)le for: mainlaining woper acc¢xJnting records: providing th8 C&AG with acc8SS to all infom￿110n of w,hth management is aware that is relevanl to Ihe preparation of the finanaal stalemgnis such a5 records. documentatlon and other maltefs: providing the C&AG ￿ ￿lditIonal Inf¢ymallon and explanatths needed frx his audll; providing the C&AG with unrestrided arxess to porsorts wilhin Ihe History of Parllament Trust Iwm whcffi Ihe audttor delemMne8 rt nKessary to obl8ln audit •vidonc8: ensuring suth intemal controls are in placo as deeméd n8c•ssary to en8blp tt preparation of financial stataménls to bo free from ma:efial misstalemenl. V4thalhw dvo to fra￿￿ or preparing financial slalernents, which give a true and lar viéw. in accordance v41th the applicable financial reporting fram8work' aSses￿￿j Ihe History of Parliamenl Trust'$ alxlity to contrnu8 as a going con¢em. disclosing. as app￿cable. mattefs r81at8d to going conwn and using the 9olng eoncem basis of a¢counling unless Ihe Trusteos and the Accountsng OffKef either Intonds to Imiuidale the entity or to rAase operaliMs. ￿ has no realist￿ allematlv? but to do so AudftO￿s f•8ponslbllll1•8 for th• audll of th• flnanclal stat•m•nts My responsibility is to audit and 8xpress an opnK)n M the financial statemonts •cc¢xd8nce with thg Charits Act 2011. My oty8Ctlves ar• to obtaln reasonablo assurance abwl wtslh8r the finandal slalements a8 whole are free frorn matefial misslatem8nl, whether dua io fraud or erTor. arKI to issue report ihal includes my opinion. Reasonable assurance bs a high level ol 8ssuran(% but is Iiol a guaran166 that an audSt conducted in accordance with ISAS {UK) WU always d81oCt a malw￿1 mi5slalemenl when it exists. Misstat8ments can ariso from Iraud or error and are considered material rf. VKIivKlually or in the aggregate. they coukj roasonably be expected lo Influence 8cx)nomlc decisions of users laken on the basis ol these financial staièm8nts. Extont to whlch the audlt was consldored capabl• of d•t•ctlng noncompllanu wlth laws and r•gulatlon8 Includlng traud I design yocedures in line with my r8sponsibilitb8s. oudined above. lo delgGI malwial misstalemenls In res￿ ol nono)mpliar*ce wrth laws and regulats'ons. Indudry fraud. The extent lo which my wocedures are cApab16 01 detecling non-compliance laws and reguFatiorts. incluth'ng fraud is detailed b8kyAY. Id•ntlfylng and ass•sslTrg pot•ntlal rfsks r•lat•d to non<omp114nce wlth laws and r•gulatlons. Includlng fraud In Idgntsfydng aThJ as8•ssing risks ol malerfal mlsstalement in respect of nonwliance wlth laws and regulat￿$, including fraud I.. HISTOIIY OF PAALIAMENT TRUST-TRUSTEES ANP4UAL REPORT AND ACCOUNT5 2023.24 45

¢¢￿61der￿ Ihe nalure ol the sector. conlrol envtronment and opefalional perfomianca tncknlkng Ine deslgn ol Ihe Hisw CA P8rliamènl Tru$fs acctyjnll policies: inqulred ol mèna9gmenl arKI th08e ch8fged governance, includlng obtslnlng and revie4Mng supporting documenta￿n relatlng to the History ol Parllament Trusl's polcles and yocedures on: o IdenllfylrvJ. waluatkng aNI complylNJ wRh laws and regulations: o dele¢lHyJ aThJ responding to the risks of fraud: and o thé intemal conl.ols established lo mitigate risks related to fraud or non- compliance wilh laws and regulations Including the History of Parfiament TnJsl's controls ￿ating to the History of ParI￿rnent Trust's ¢ompbance with the UK G6ne(ally A¢￿PIed A¢¢ounling Practice. Charths Slalement of RocfflimeTKled Practbce. Charlli8s Act 2011. and Manag¥w Pubk'c Mcxw: Inquirèd of mana9gmenl, and those charged with govèmance thethor: o they were aware of any instan¢es ol non-compllance wlth laws and regulations; they had krM>wle(Jge of any actual. suspoct8d. or allaged fraud., duKusse(I wlth the engèg6ment te￿ regarding fvjw and wheffj fraud myht occur in thè financial statements and any ponli81 bndKators of fraud. As a result ol these woceduros. I con8id8red the opp¢NtLmldes and in￿nI1ve8 that may exist wthin the Hlstory ol Parliament Trusl for fraud and identified Ihe gr8at8st polential fry fraud in the folowng areas: reventse fecognrtion. posting of unusual journals. c￿npleX Iransaclions, and b￿3 in management estimates. In coffmon with all audits under ISA8 (UK). l am rnquifed to pwfom sp8cill¢ pnxe¢Jweg to respond to the risk of managament oveffide ol Mntrols. l obtained an understanding of the History of Partiament Trusfs framework of authodty aThl 0￿r legal and regulatory framaworks in which the Hislory ol Padiament Trust opgraies. I focused on Ihose law5 and regulat￿)nS that had a drecl effect on malerial am¢)unts and d￿0S￿re$ in the finandal stat￿nIS or that had a fundam8ntal eff8Ct on the operations of lh8 Hisl(wy of Partiament Trust. Th8 kéy laws and regulabons I consid8r8d in Ihis context induded. United Kingdom G8nerally Acc8pl&J Accounts'ng Practice. Charitses Acl 2011. Managing Publlc Money, the Financ￿1 Memorandum with the Fknusa of Commons and House of Lords. empk)ym8nt law and lax Le9islation. Audil r•sponse lo Id•ntified rSsk To respond lo th8 #J8ntillod rlsks r8suling from Ihe above proc8durn8'. I r•viewed Ihe financial ststernent disck)sures and t8sts.ng to supporting documental￿n to ass6ss compliancè wlth provisl¢)ns of relevanl law5 WKI regulat￿nS desulbed atsjve as having dir8ct 8ffocl on tha financ401 stalemenis,. l enquired ol nianagemont and the Trustees conceming aclual and potèntial Wllon and ¢laims; I reviewed minutes of meety'ngs ol those tharggd with govemanLY and the Trustee addressed the risk of fraud through managernenl overrfde ol controls by tesllng th• appropnaleness of ioumal enlries and other adjustments: assessing vthelher the jud98ments on ￿lMateS are inthc4live of a polential bias,. and evaluatin9 the HSTOAY OF PAAUAMENT TRUST- TAUSTEes ANNUAL AÉPORT AND ACCOUt4T5 2023.24

business rationale of any swnificant transaclbons that are unuwol or outsido t normal c￿rSe of business. I c4Jmmunlcai8d relevant Id8nlifled laws and regulations and r￿ten1]Bl rtsk$ of fraud to all engagement te8m members aThJ remainéd alèrt to any Indlcalions of fraud or non- complance wlth laws regul81Th3 throughoirt the aud6L A fUrt￿r d8scflptts)n ol my r6sponsibllltD8s lor Ihe audlt of Ihe nnanGial statemenls k)caled on the Fln4n¢lal Reporting Council's website at.. www.frc. .uklaudlto de￿riptIoft foffl￿ part of my report, Oth•r •udltoeo rnspon•lbllttl l am rgqulred to obtaln suifKlent approprlete eudit evidence tn give r8asonatAé assufane• that the expenditure arKI income recorrled in the financial stsiements have been applied lo the purposes Intended by Parflament and the financial transadions reGwded In iha financlal slatements conlorni to the aulhontses whith govem Ihem. I c(xnmunicate with those char￿d with governar￿ regardtr￿. wnong other malters. the planned scope and liming of the audit and Signif￿nt audit findings. includin9 any 5ignrficant deficl•nd•s in Inlenul witrol I Id•nUfy dwlng my audiL Gar•th D4vl•s Dat• Comptroll•r and Audltor G•n•rnl National Audlt 01T￿• 157-197 BuckwvJh8m Palace Road Lond( SW1W 9SP HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TRUST- TRiISTEfS ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2Q2>24 47

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTivmES FOR YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024 Notes 20￿24 202>24 202>U 2022.23 Restrlcted Total Total Funds Funds Funds Unrèstrlrted Funds m¢ frorn Don¥tlons Grant-In-Aid Charltable A¢tlvltl•s Publications Fees Investments Other In¢om• Accommodation Research servlces L967.566 L967,$66 1.674,524 30,865 IIX).459 18.837 19,970 ICM),459 14837 29.057 29,057 1346 32,161 Totsl Income 1149, 2.149,130 L807,267 Expendlturn on Charltable ArtivitieS Other Costs L874.334 65.296 L874.334 1.8714C 29,fJ8 Totsl expendlture 939.630 1.939,6Y) Net movement In funds 209.S(X) 194,939) Reconallatlon of funds: Total tunds brou8ht forward Total funds urr5ed lo￿ard 828,718 4.744 833,462 928.401 744 1.041962 833.462 All amounts rolate lo contlnulng aclivities. Ail rowgnised galns and losses ar• Inckthl in tho Staternont of Financial Activitles. The notes ￿ pages 51 to 63 form part af these accounls.

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 MARCH 2024 Asat31 Maf¢h Asat31 March Noies Flxed Assets Tangible Flxed Assets io L6S6 Current Assets Stock of Publications Debtors and Prepayments Short Terni Investments Cash in hand arbd at the b4nk li 3&454 277. 470,120 334.832 254.369 478,597 S45.218 14 I.Y8.(B5 L12L386 Cufr¢nt Uabilltles Creditor5: amounts falllng due wlthln one year Ig419) I￿,5T￿l Net Current As*ts 1.249.666 L030,813 Totsl Amets leM Current Uabllltles 1.25L322 L033,462 Provlslons lor Uabllltl•$ •nd Chwys 16 12Q),(MX)) Net Assets The funds of the tharlty Unresirlcled Funds Restrlcted Funds Total L041962 17 17 L038.218 4,744 L041962 828.718 4.744 Dr Jennrfer Oavey 01f￿10r and Accounllry Offlcor Lord Norton ol Loulh Chair ol Trustees The notes on pa98s 51 to 63 fcffti part of these aC{x￿nts. 49

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024 No C•th IIow5 Imm 0￿1￿1r￿￿￿¥IlO¢s. Net Cosh byl{u5ed In) op•n¥￿a￿l¥lll•1 Int•rtst from Invtsim•nts Purchax ol PfDpe¥ty. plant •Yl ¢qulpment 7r 701 41$> 13&14 71&53J 71L279 C4th (•th ¢th• •nd of th• rnp¢wllry p•dwl 13&14 CONOUAII( OF NET INCOMEAemNoniw Yo NEfcASH Flow FAOM OPEAAIINGACTI¥ITlf5 Il•tOncom•A•xwndll¥r•l lorth• v•portlryp•rfJd p•rth• #•l•m•M ¥B.Yffj 1¥9 Adlustm•A¢str. predibon thws wrlte off Ilnthmel Irom In¥estrnenu Ihtrasèl1Oètt￿l l# pro¥lil¢)n Oeutas•llinCr￿l In stxkJ IlmtttMel/De4ye•ge lrtdtbto Itv¢•sellDe¢r¢oel In yediior Meiash prtyAded byllused Inl opr•tity •rtbvitie$ {7.ion IJL•A7 23,611 44.711 .130 Note Al y4123 C•sh.IIM Ai 311Y2 Cmh Ish egul¥4efi Totsi $45.2 317,C45 T￿ notéi on pagos 5110 63 fom part of Ih8•e 8w)unts. 50

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024 l. Accountlng Pollcl (a) Accountlng Conv•nllon l. Thé financial ststements are Kwar8d In a form Oetemlned by the TrLryiee8 In acco￿ance with thé Flftan¢Sal Mamorandum agreed between the Tfustaes and the House of Comm¢M)s and the House of Lords. Without Imllir•g the infmalK>n glvèn. Ihe acce￿nts m6el th8 accoundng and d1sdo9u￿ requwernents of the Slalemenl of Recommended Pradlce "Accountlng and Repor￿ThJ by Charities" (wbffshad bythe Charty Conynl￿￿1n for England arbd Wa105) and Ihe Charitles Ad. 11. The History of Parliam8nl Trust is a public bonefii entty. 111. As all Incon￿ and expendiiure in both 2022-23 and 202&24 was unrestrlcted. no analysis 18 rwlred showlffj the comparatorn split bet￿8n rwlrklad an¢J unrestricted. (b) C4sh In h￿d and •t th• bank Th1$ 0)ny1￿ ofts8h tn hand and C￿r￿n1 balances wilh banks and other fin8n(xal Fnstmutlons Ythlch are readity convwtible to known amounts ol cash. which are sutyèct to insgnfficant risk of chan98s In value and have an Or￿inal rnaiurity of Ihan Ihree rnonths. (c) Incom• l. Gran14n-Aid Is a¢￿￿ed fry in Ihe year it Is récelved. 11. All other incom8 Is Indud8d in Ihe Siatement of FinancAal Actmtles then the Hlsl<)ry Is •ntitled to the incorne. receipt is probable and Its amount can ￿ measured r8habty. 111. Income fr(xn ren&￿ of office space under an opwatlng lease (see notes 1 {m) and 20) is counted for over the poriod in which is 8amed. Renl paid wi advance aTrJ w) hand at Ihe end ol th8 finarKaal y￿r ￿ accounted for as d8ferred In¢ome. Id) Dlr•ct Charltabl• Exp•ndltur• and othof costs Incurr•d In Khl•vlng lh• obl•ctlv•s of th• Charlty As required by the chafity SORP. eXp￿KIrtUre Is anabmd belween Ihat dffeety attribulable to our charitable activitles and ttrK)se attributsblo to governance ar￿ support costs. Dirocl cos18 are alk)cated dwe(ty to an activrty whete posslbte {18rgrty on tho baw of staff time, follo¥Ytng a suNey of staff) and olherwise in the same proporb¢Jn as tho dirgct co8ls. A retrospectr￿ a8sossm8nt was madg of the year using the same apwoa¢h. (•) Tax Th6 Hlstory of Parliament Tnjst bs registered for VAT Pijrposes, Whwe cmrtpul tsx Is ch8rg8able. Income Is slated rt of VAT. Expendrture is stat8d net of recoverabbe VAT. Th8 Trust is éxempt from oxp)rallon lax under SeclK)n 505A ICTA 1988 on its th&rilabl& a¢lp4iti•s. 51

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024- (CONTINUED) (fj Tanglbl• Flxod Asmts and D•pr•clatlon Al langiblo fixed assets purthasod by the Trust arg ¢apli8lld In Ihe balan¢e Sheet al cosL The caprtahs8tion threshokl for 202&24 is £500. Depre¢laiion 1$ wSd•d on a Styaighi ba￿$ at Iho lolowlng arwKwl rates In order io wrTie off lh8 Cost of oach asset to Its estimated residual valué ov8r rts 6stimatéd usélul We: ICT equlpmenl 4 years Fumilure. fittlngs and offic rn8chine8 5 years A fum yeafs dewe¢latk)n Is th. (1> R•dundancy Costs The Hlslory of Partlament recogniseg rodundancy costs once a decisN)n has been mado to make 8taff reduThJant and IncbJde8 the expected amount of the paymenl wthin slaff cost5. ti) Debtors and Credltors Th• y6ar•nd dobl(Ys al￿ treditors aro valued al afMrtlsed costs based ￿ hvcMco9 or olh reasonaljle eslimatfrs. (k) Inv•$tm•nts Th8 Tn￿t vakns curronl asset inveslments at theif 8VKléncad year ond valuè Includlng any Intwèsl rec8ivabl• whth had not baen credited to Ihe aCc￿nI at the yeaf end. cu￿ent assel invostrnonts we defin￿ as ltrw)so with a maturity of18ss tr￿n a yoar at ts balanco sheet dai•. (l) ProA•¢l• and Collaboralions HPT is Inv0fv￿ as a pWI￿r in a numbor of unrrfersity.ba3od collaix)r8tive pr4a(Is mal Ilnancéd by tho UK Rosearch Cound15 and research chantles. Hpf8 Invofvgmenl is largely advisory, and is described more fuly in the Annual R6port. Th8 bénèfiis to th8 HPT indudg a¢¢ess io malerlal and research Ihal ¢onln'Lwle to its overall res6arth mission. and inprovir knowledge and usage of ils ow,? work. 52

HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024-1CONTINUEO) (m) L•as•s HPT hokls an t¥)erntbng lease on Its accommodatlon. Renl is iarged to SOFA and lulure renl is dlsdosed in note 20. 11 has no other opefab'ng leases. (n) Golng conc•rn and m•rg•r •¢¢ountlng The Trustees of the Hlstory of Parliament subM￿•d a successful app￿c8ti¢)n to the Charfty Commlssion for a new charlty to bè reglstefed as a Charilable Incorporaled Organisatlon (CIO). ￿1¢h w85 approved on 27 FebfUWy 2023 (The HIS1￿ of Parliament Trust, Chwty No. 1202089) and wllh the agreement ol Trust88s of both th• old and new bodi8s, all th• assets. li8biliti8s and operations of the exlsting Trust wwe tr8nsferred to th8 new TnJ8t on 31 Augusl 2023. The flnancial ststements havo beon prepwed OA a 90ing (x)ncem basls followng a thorough assessm8nl of Trust's acllvlties and level of financlal risk over the 12 month$ folb4￿r￿j the dato ol apFYoval of the statements. Fundlng lor 2024-25 has b88n agroed In ac£ordanca wth ts Flnandal MeM￿￿juM. Saa Nole 17a for mor• d•tsils 8boul the level of res8rv8s and paragraph 70 of the Annual Report for more delail on our ass8ssm@nt ol golry ￿ncern. As all a8sets. IbabilRb$ 8nd operalK)ns of the existlng Tnjsl have been traI￿rred lo the néw. bolh have been w8sent8d as a combined set ol accounts uS￿g m8r9er ac¢ounting undef the Charilies s&￿e￿￿t of Recommended Pradka (SORP) (FRS 102).. (o) Provlslons Tho History crf Parfiamont r8c¢wJnises a Ilabdlty for a for a 16gal or constructive obligats)n whén eithér the limrng or Ihe amounl of the fuiuro expendituffj required to settl8 ttlè obligatK)n is uncertain. The amount rwnised as a WOWSM)n is the best esllmate of the expenditure required to 38tt18 or to transfer il lo a third party at lh8 r6POttsfWJ dale. When cakutsting tho amount. cmsid0fal1￿ will be given to when the payin8nts are Ilkety lo be made and fulufe e￿ntS and uncertainties 4¥hi¢h m•y affed the rnnt requred to selllo th• obligatson. See Note 16 for m¢xe deLw'Js. (p) D•v•lopment costs Expenditure rdatod to updaling and r8dèslgnlng Ihe Trust's website are charged lo revenue as they are incwred and are induded vfithin tho w8bsit8 and wlreath Ilno in Note 6. I In¢4Mn• from donatlon• Grant-lTrAld fy•nt-In.Ald rece5ved ff¢)ffl Plouse ¢f Commons Vote Cant-lTr-Aid received frorn ￿lOuSe of Lor(bs Vot* L465,210 502,356 L17l168 501356 L674.S24 53

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024~ {CONTINUEO) Granl-ln-ald in 2023-24 received from Ihe House of Commons Vote is higher than th8 prkjr year due to £293,042 relatlng to the 2024-25 financial y8af b8lng r8calv8d In advance of Ilnandal yaar ond. Ur￿r Ihe Charllles SORP thls ha8 been recwlsed in the year of receipt. however it ￿MaInS within cash balanc8s at th8 balanco shéèt date. and WIN bo uts'lised in the 202425 financial year. 3. Incorn• from charIL￿1• Actlvltl•G Publicaiions Fee income 30.865 IW.459 13L324 19.970 73,155 93.12S The fee income is Ihe result of the Trust's collat)ration with Sl James's Hous8 F￿blIShIng undef a 2022 contract vthich expirès in August 2028. Inc(Kne In 2023-24 0)nsisled of £83.000 in fee income plu$ other 8mounts relaled lo ￿ woduction of the bwks concemed. The naw contracl relales lo the production ol Ic￿￿ bwks over fNe years. and provides the Trust wrth an increased fee of £480,OW. paid in monlhly inslalments over the period of th8 contract. Royalty In￿rne is not payable under Ihis new contract.. In September 2023 we publ'$hed the first book undef the 2022 contract. covenng Parfk3menL palitioans arKI the National H￿th Ser¥le8. on the occasion of ts 75th anniveiwy. UrKler a 2018 contraci with Si Jam8s's Housa. royalty income was réceivable and al the an¢Kipaled income {£233,457) was recognised in the 2021.22 accounts as awuod kntome which is being fecoverod urbder a paymeni plan which nJns until earty 2025. 4. Incom• from Inv•stmont• Unrestrlcted Funds Unrestrlrtod Funds Interest oft current baftk Xttunts Dividends and Interesl on Inveslmtnts. 8,4n 1114 7.107 837 'indudes £3.133 01 interest in 2023-24 (£564 2022-23) on a nonwcash equrvalenl cm year cash bond. S. Oth•r Incorn• 20ts24 Attommodation Research Servlces 29.057 1346 3L403 32,161 350 sil 54

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024- (CONTINU (a) Accommodatlon Th&$ Indudes renl from the Trust subl8lling its thlnl lknr offlces. The space Is tet on a saThlced basls wlth the lesse8 paying In aédthn for certain ser4lc68 at cost end for occasional meeting facilitiés. The Trust a150 has an arranger￿n1 with ihe Parliamentary Hlslory Tnjst ￿ provide office accommodatlon for a lee of £2.000 per annum. {b) R•s•arch S•rvlc•s Th8 Hlstory r8ceW £1,0(K) from Ihe Royal Hlstori¢al Soc4ety lowards the cosl of running a w0￿$hoP. In addition, a small amount cf Income was recelved from the Universities of Leeds. Durham ar￿ K￿18 ltrwards ￿rne small proJ•cts. {In 2022-23 Ihe Trust celved £350 from [￿rt￿rn Unlversty to fund an oral hlstory W0￿3h(3pj. 6. Exp•ndltur• on Charltabl• A¢tfvltles U4ll4 Ethirril ¥Orese¥th Wetrthe ,Jo FeespJdtoEdltyial Cost ofsles SD,ffi7 ES￿e$[l#l ￿Ta5 SXIJ UJQ7 ry.•,telel 747 747 41 41 agjj Cler￿f¢(&s￿[ffld le￿let$ 31 ll4 112a 19n oo V4W 71616 11411 ,374 ,2 L5 GPJJIDTOTIIC115TS 55

Exp•ndltur• on charltsb￿ Actlvltl•s 2022-23 alr•w¥th Sn rA 41 Ftei p￿d￿E&r￿lI10QWl si? 71 5L514 StDn¢ry4 P0514p.tel J¢ 16 41 757 J4Q5 J1535 l323 4VJD Auditors have nol pertomied any non-audit wofk. A8 required by the charity SORP. expendrture ts ar￿tySod betrween that dlreclty attrlbulablg lo our charitable ac11vil￿5 and tho¥J 3iknbui8ble to govemance and sUPPOrt ci>sts. Direct costs are dlocated directly to an aclivity where poss￿)￿ {largdy on tha basis of staff b'mo. follt>Wing a survey ol staffj and otherwise in the s8me propartK)n as t1￿ dire(a cogts. A fetrospe(vo ass8ssm8nt wa$ mad• of th• prlor year usiThJ th• 8arne approach. 8. Total Exp•ndltsJr• Analys1$ of Expendfturn 2023-24 Athill•i 5.343 18<9.146 19.815 5501 65296 L914442 LPA7.(ts0 29.79B LBTh848 19A45 19.857 C05t ol Chartt4ble arth￿￿¢5 C05t ol oth•r In(w Toul 56

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024- (CONTINUED) 9. Totsl Staff Cost and Tnute¢ r¢ffwn•r•llon (•) St4ff Costs Salarles of prolesslonal stalf Salarfeslwages ofsupport staff Superannuarion mntributlons National Insurnnce contrlbutlons FreelIn￿ work L196,393 33.417 233.687 136.992 39.325 L639,814 I15L492 33,085 239,955 166 41551 If￿249 The numbef of eM￿0vete5. Indudini the Olrertor. whose emoluments as defined for t•x purposes amounted to over £fQ.IXI) In the year was as lollow5: £7o.Lxtsf￿.9J9 Numbtr of staff employed durfni the ytar Of whlth Full rlmt Of whith Part time The average nunber of employees (luil tine equlvalent Supp￿ staffj arwlysed by function was: All e•ralert Prolesd¢nd Supp( Edlttyl•l P**¥th 21.12 3127 0.8 0.8 (6 2LI 57

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024 - {CONTINUED> (b) Dlr•ctoes Emolum•nts Ther¢ w•5 • th•ny In Dlvt¢tOf durlry the yew IN0￿mber1. The salary and pension entitlements of the DI￿rtor were as follows Paul 5eawafd (April to Novemberl Drjennifer Dwey IDecemberto Ntsrth) 117.030 32.170 117,fAI Paul S8award's emolwn8nis as Direclof of£78.020 (£117.030 In 2022-231 comprised a salary of £64,161 and employerfs contributKJns to the pen$i¢)n scheme of £13.859. Dr Jennrfer Davey s eM0￿mèntS ciknprtsod a salary 01 £27,667 and 8mployees contributions to Ihe pension scherne of £4.503. Consistent with professional siaff employed by the Tfus( the Ofjrert￿ 18 an ordinary memb8f of the Unrrfgrsiiles Superannualion sthen￿, (el Trust••s' R•mun•ratlon No trust60 Person vlith a lamlly Of bufJn6ss cnneclion wllh a Itustsè has rO￿lved any rerwnernlK>n or expenses di• oi Ir￿￿eCty fr(wn the TA￿L (d) Sup•rannuallon The ernployerfs superannuation contribution at above comwise8 £233.687 for slaff {£239.955 In 2022-23) partsclpallrg in the UnNerslties Supgrannua15on S¢hemo. The employers, Nati(￿￿1 Insurnnce ¢[￿rIbu110n al above comprises £133.342 professional slaff and £3,650 support staff {£134,926 and £3.240 fespectsvety in 2022-23). Unlv•rnltl•• Sup•Tannu•tlon S¢h•m• The Hisiory ol Parliaffnt path'pales in the Univwsities Superannualbon Stheme (USS). The History of Parfiarnent had 22 acti￿ rn0m￿rs pa￿1pating in the schomo at the 31st March 2024. The scheme Is Ihe principal panslon sch6ma for 3&3demic arKI academSc- r8lat8d employees of UK univ8rsilies and othef h￿h￿r edUca￿n and ros8arch institullon$. Due to the mutU81 nature of the sdwne, the a￿1¥ are noi eltrtiuted to ndivwjual insbtutions and a schetr-wide contrlbutlon is seL Tho Hi8tory is Iher6foro exposed to acluari81 risks associale(I wrth other inslitutK>ns' empk)yees and is unable to identify rts sharè of the under￿"n9 assets and liats"lrtles of the scheme on a consistent and reasQr￿bla basts. Like other Instilub'¢)ns partiopalsng in USS, tho Tfust Iherelore accounts lor thg s¢heme as rf 11 w•rn a d￿1n8d conlnbutlon $d￿n0. As a result. Ihè amount Chargod to th8 Stslwnent ¢1 Financial Activib'es represents It contributions payable to the s(*beme. Since the History cannot identfy its shwe ol Ihe USS assets and 1kablhl￿. lh8 details bek>w are for the scheme as whole.

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 •AARCH 2024 - (CONTINUED) An acluarial valuation report as at the end of March 2020 showed the schemo lo be in doficlt. Measures were agre￿ vla the USS Joint Negotiating Commlttéo lo add￿3 the deficrt in the autumn of 2021. These Induded changes to contributions and future servlce bèneffts. as well as an enhanced level of covenant support lo ihe Scheme, inclvdiw a rolllng ng-term moratorium on eMpk)￿r$ leavlng ttbe scheme whhout the cansenl of USS. These ¢hanges were implemenled from 1 Awil 2022. Enwloyer conlrtbutlons were Ifbcfeased lo 21.6% of salary, and employee conln'tArtK)ns were 9.8% of salary. Followlng a fvrfher actuarial vakjation in March 2023 and a valUatIL￿ ol a surplus of £7.4 billion, employer contribulions 7wefe reduced to 14.5% of salary from 1 January 2024 and ernploy88 contribulions to 6.1 % from the &qme dale. Fr￿n 1 Awll 2024 the Apfll 2022 defined benefils were re31md, The assets of the 8cheff* are h91d hi a separnle fund administerod by th8 trustee, Universities Suwrannuatlon Scheme Lirntled. The atsditors and acluary to tho USS have confirmed that it ts appropriate to tak8 th8 ￿n￿Ofi costs in the TrU￿'S ac¢cMJnts to be equal k) the aclu81 cMtribution3 paid during th8 year. 10. Tanglbl• Flx•d Ass•ts Furnlture. Flttlnp and Offlc• IT Equiwnerf Eq￿Pment Totsl At l Aprll 2023 Addltlons Disposals At 31 Marth 2024 13,554 52.593 52.593 D¢yed•tlon At l Aprll 2023 On dlspos•ls Char8e At 31 Mirth 2024 IL627 38.317 49,944 753 12.3 38,557 50,937 Net 8ook value It 31 Marth 2024 Net eook valuÈ at 31 •Parth 2023 L174 L927 L656 1649 ll2 S9

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024 - (CONTINUED) 11. Stock Net A•*lsabl• Val￿•t M•t RI￿1$&1¢ Valu• at 3y03123 Published Volumes 12. D•btors and Pr•p•yrn•nts 31 M•fth a)24 31 Marth Due wlthln Iy¢4f Trade Oebiof5 Prepayments & ac(rned lTrcom¢ Debtor VAT 211142 41227 .176 254,369 192.510 Due after l year Trade Oebto Totsl 85,470 In 202&24. of th8 ¢yJtstanding dobt from Sl James house, £193.807 is due wthFn 12 months. See not8 3b for lurther inlomiatim. £136.754 of this outstanding dobl relate$ lo royaltses. £57,053 of tha abov8 outslanding (lebl relatos io fees lor Ihe 2022 contract. 13. Inv•slm•nts 31 Marth 2024 31 Mar¢h 2023 Vlrgln money lyear borMI' Scottlsh Wldows {CAF) ￿dty Thotlce 91,552 387,045 47&597 88.419 381,701 ' Vlrqln monty l year bond Is a non cath ÈqulvalÈni.

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024- {CONTINUED) 14. Caih In h•nd and at bank 31 Marth 2024 31 M•rth 2023 Cash at Bw Cash In H•nd 545,218 Cash at Bank indudes 8 £7,50012023.. £7,500) rent depostt pald by our tenant 15. Cr•dftorn:amounts falllng du• wlthln on• y•ar 31 Marth 2024 31 2023 Trade Crellitors Ac(rua15 FuTrds held on behalf of third parties Deferred income Other ueditors 14036 &266 21.027 24. 7,423 61.lgq 94419 3.192 34.286 1.5n 16. Provl•lon• for Uabllltl•s and Charg•9 Lease C41apldailon Costs Employ•e B•n•flts Provision a5 at l Aprll 2023 Provision utilised in year PTov15ion pwvided in year Provision as at 31 Pétsrth 2024 18. IU3601 The Hisknry of Parfiam8nVs lease on its office accommodatlon in 81(Mxnsbury Squafo expi In November 201 S. In 2014-15 8 provl8k)n was estsblish8d for tho oxpeded Dilapidations costs that the Tfust wwld Incur H it loaves the accommodation, based on a Schedule ol Dilapidalions prnpared by the landlord In Auturnn 2014. In November 2015 Ihe lease was renewed. bul with a break clause operable in Nov8mb8r 2020. The Trustees declded not lo exercise the btsak clause and so most of the ilems on ttbe dilawdations schedule will be hekl ovw unlll the end of the lease in 2025. A ddapIdati￿S revtew conductod by Hanway Cornry￿r¢Ial In June 2024 ￿ndud0d Ihat no adjuslment lo th￿ Fwovlslon was nec￿sary. The employ￿ bengflts wovision rew888nts an assessment ol the total amount duè lo HMRC for a taxable benefrt prew• undls¢losed on a s18ff health scheme provisi￿ for ey• tasts 61

HISTORY OF PARUAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024- {COPmNUED) and counsel11r￿. This cam8 to Iyht when a rnViW•V VAS undwtsken of the value ts money of thls sch8me, A volunlary dlsclosure was made to HMRC and the Tntst is awaitlry a fornial out¢rAne. The wovision represents the value an kKl8pendent asseuor has made ar￿ cover8 tho arn￿nI due. ini¢res1. penalties and the lee lo the assessty. 17. Fund• (a At 31 March 2024. the Tnjst held total unr8Strict8d funds of £1.083,218 (March 2023.. £828,718). 11 has been agroed by thg Hou50 ol Common3 C￿lMiSsion that the Invéstmenl fijnd which has been bqmtt up over time from var1￿$ sour¢8s Idonats'ons. interest, sales and net undw spends on the Granl-In-Aid aid) will be used to finance the Trust'8 luiure publicatK)ns. Unr•8trlcted Ftsnds (b) R•strict•d Funds At 31 March 2024 Ihe Twst h81d festrfcled furtds of £ 4,744 Imarth 2023.. £4.744) which being held lor use in the publtcation of ihe 1624 d￿ries project. 18. Flnanclal Instrum•nts {•) Uquldlty Rlsk The History of Pat1i8ment Trust is financed by Grant.In-Aid paid fr(Nn Ix)th the House of Ccffimons and House of Lords. 11 is N>t exposed to signrfKanl14uidity ns (b) Crndll rlsk Th8 History ol Parliamènt Tru$1 hakl al th• 31 •t March 2024 a lotsl of £569,370 with HSBC In fve wnmeraal current bank accounts. £55,531 in a Chaiity Foundation bank account account and £20,306 wilh Ihe Monmouthshlre 8udding Society in a savingg account. The Trusl's man896ment do89 not QJn5ider that the Trust Is exposed lo a slgnrflcant risk notwllhslanding the knmm•irt's guaranleo of £85.0￿. ¢) Inv•stm•nt Rlsk 36% of the Trusl's short lem) inveslments aThJ cash balances are ww8sted the $￿ttl$h (knvs Bank in a CAF 90 day &K¢￿nt. Intor8St Is pald monlhly and reinvosted in the aLxcxJnt. Ar￿ther 9.OY• is invested in 8 1 year Virgin Money Bor￿ whic* was due to mature on the 25 Apr512024 with interest paid annualy. The Trusl's manag8ment does not consider ih81 the Trusl 1$ exposed to a s￿nIficant risk noiwrth$landing the G¢)vemmenl's gu8ranlee of £85.000. 62

HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024- (CONTINUED) 19. R•lat•d Party Trnns•¢tlo The House ol Commons and the Hwse ol Lrmds are regardod as rèlated parties. Both House8 provld8 a Grant-IrFAd to Ihe Trust under tenns provlded for in thè financaal memorandum. See Note 2 for Ihe amounts. Ther8 ware no recelvab18S Of payable$ at eilher 31 March 2023 or 31 March 2024. The Houge of ComnM)ns also provKl8s Intwnal a￿111 sorvlces at no charge to the Trust. None of th8 Tru$l's key management staff. or any olher related party has undeitsken any materlal transactions wilh th8 Tn￿t duriNJ thè year. 20. Op•rntlng L•as• Ti)lal fulufe mwiimwn lease payments undèr opefating leases are gr￿n In table bel￿ for each of the folbwlng pernds: 31 M•rth 2024 31 Marth >)23 Bulldlrbgs: Explry Not later than one year later than one yÈaf and not later th￿ 5years ie•se expense rÈco8nlsed in ye¥ lix),￿O 65.226 99,979 The lease is due to expire on 24th Novwnber 2025. Al the 31 W March 2024. Ihe Hlslory ol Parfiament had received rent In advance lor s8r¥icod sublet office Space of £6.923. This income was deforred lo 2a24-25. 21. Los8•$ and swlal p4ym•nts There wefe rbo k>ss8S Of SPéC131 paymenls in the re￿￿n9 p&INI th8t require separato disdosuro because ol nalure (x amounl. 22. Ev•nts •ft•r th• •nd of th• rnportlng d•1• There have bean rw) events after tho balance sheet date. The annual report arKI fwwndal slatwnents wer8 autho11s￿ for issue by lh8 Accounting Offl¢er on the swne dale that the audit ¢wlFficate was syned by tha Comptroller and Audrtor General. 63