Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION ANNUAL REPORT AND UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ## FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 August 2025 Registered Company No: 12828740 Registered Charity No: 1194026 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Contents Year ended 31 August 2025 ||Page No:| |---|---| |Charity information|1| |Annual report of the trustees|2 – 4| |Independent examiner’s report|5 - 6| |Statement of Financial Activities (incorporating the Income and Expenditure Account)
7|| |Balance sheet|8| |Notes to the financial statements|9 - 16| Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Charity information Year ended 31 August 2025 |**Charity name**|The Guardiola Sala Foundation| |---|---| |**Charity registration**|1194026 (England & Wales)| |**number**|| |**Company registration**|12828740 (England & Wales)| |**number**|| |**Registered address**|C/O Saffery,| ||Trinity,| ||16 John Dalton Street,| ||Manchester, England,| ||M2 6HY| |**Trustees**|Manel Estiarte Duocastella| ||Josep Guardiola Sala| ||Pere Guardiola Sala| ||Laura Guerra Martinez| ||Albert Estiarte Duocastella| ||Francesca Guardiola Sala| ||Olga Guardiola Sala| ||Maria Guardiola Serra| |**Bankers**|Coutts & Co| ||440 Strand| ||London| ||WC2R 0QS| |**Accountants**|Saffery LLP| ||Trinity| ||16 John Dalton Street| ||Manchester| ||M2 6HY| |**Independent examiner**|Sally Appleton FCA| ||Saffery LLP| ||10 Wellington Place| ||Leeds| ||LS1 4AP| 1 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Annual report of the trustees Year ended 31 August 2025 The Trustees have pleasure in presenting their report and unaudited financial statements for the year ended 31 August 2025. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in Note 1 and comply with the Companies Act 2006, Charities Act 2011 and the Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (Charities SORP (FRS102)).The directors of the charitable company ("the charity") are trustees for the purposes of charity law. Throughout this report directors are collectively referred to as trustees. ## **Structure, governance and management** ## **Constitution** The Guardiola Sala Foundation is a charity governed by its Memorandum and Articles of Association incorporated on 21 August 2020, and is constituted as a company limited by guarantee and not having a share capital. Charitable status was granted by the Charity Commission on 7 April 2021. Those serving during the period and until the date this report was approved are: Manel Estiarte Duocastella Josep Guardiola Sala Pere Guardiola Sala Laura Guerra Martinez Cristina Serra Selvas (Resigned 2 April 2025) Albert Estiarte Duocastella Francesca Guardiola Sala Olga Guardiola Sala Maria Guardiola Serra (Appointed 25 February 2026) The charity takes into account experience, qualifications and dedication to charitable causes when recruiting and appointing new trustees. The charity provides ongoing training for its trustees where appropriate. The trustees must hold meetings at least twice per year. ## **Objectives & activities** ## **Objects** The objects of the charity are to promote social inclusion by preventing people from becoming socially excluded, to relieve the needs of those people who are socially excluded and to assist them to integrate into society. The trustees recognise their duties under the Charities Act 2011 and have referred to the Charity Commission's guidance on public benefit when reviewing the charity's activities and compiling this report. 2 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Annual report of the trustees Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **Activities** The Charity continued to collaborate with further organisations such as AFA (providing sporting activities for people with disabilities), ASPASIM (hosting an annual race for people with disabilities under social care) Club Natacio Manresa (CNM - through a project called “No kid without swimming lessons”, providing swimming lessons for children from socially excluded or vulnerable families) and SPORT2LIVE (sporting activities for young refugees). The Charity also continued supporting Salvation Army in their annual football tournament as well as raising awareness of the importance of sport as a way of integration. ## **Financial review** ## **Financial review** The period to 31 August 2025 was the fifth year of activity for the Charity. During the period the Charity received income totalling £270,885 (2024: £151,380), all of the income related to external donations. Expenditure on charitable activities in the period was £127,688 (2024: £79,819). Further detail on organisations supported is included in the notes to the financial statements. The Charity made an overall surplus in the period, with a net movement in funds of £143,197 (2024: 71,561). ## **Grant making policy** The charity awards grants in furtherance of its charitable objectives. Applications are assessed by the trustees against defined criteria and approved in accordance with the charity’s grantmaking policy. Grant expenditure is recognised where there is a legal or constructive obligation to make payment. ## **Reserves policy** The trustees have reviewed the charity's needs for reserves in line with guidance issued by the Charity Commission. The trustees do not consider that holding a minimum level of reserves is necessary due to the nature of the charity. ## **Plans for future periods** The trustees plan to build on 2025 with the aim to continue to support more organisations of similar kind to the beneficiary charities that the Charity has worked with to date. 3 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Annual report of the trustees Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **Statement of the responsibilities of the trustees** The Trustees (who are also directors of The Guardiola Sala Foundation for the purposes of company law) are responsible for preparing the Trustees’ report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). Company law requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company and of the incoming resources and application of resources, including the income and expenditure, of the charitable company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Trustees are required to: - select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; - observe the methods and principles in the Charities SORP (FRS 102); - make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; - state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and - prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the charity will continue in business. The Trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charitable company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charitable company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. The Trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the charitable company’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. This report has been prepared in accordance with the special provisions of Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies. This report was approved by the Trustees on 25 June 2026. Laura Guerra Martinez ## **Director** 4 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Independent examiner’s report to the trustees of The Guardiola Sala Foundation Year ended 31 August 2025 I report to the charity trustees on my examination of the accounts of The Guardiola Sala Foundation (‘the Company’) for the year ended 31 August 2025. ## **Respective responsibilities of trustees and examiner** As the charity’s trustees of the Company (and also its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 (‘the 2006 Act’). Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the Company are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of your charity’s accounts as carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 (‘the 2011 Act’). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5) (b) of the 2011 Act. ## **Basis of independent examiner’s report** My examination was carried out in accordance with the general Directions given by the Charity Commission. An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by the charity and a comparison of the accounts presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the accounts and seeking explanations from you as trustees concerning any such matters. The procedures undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit and consequently no opinion is given as to whether the accounts present a ‘true and fair view’ and the report is limited to those matters set out in the statement below. ## **Independent examiner’s statement** Since the Company’s gross income exceeded £250,000 your examiner must be a member of a body listed in section 145 of the 2011 Act. I confirm that I am qualified to undertake the examination because I am a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW), which is one of the listed bodies. Saffery LLP provide bookkeeping services to the charity. I, the independent examiner, had no involvement in the provision of those bookkeeping services and can confirm that I have applied the FRC’s Revised Ethical Standard. Without qualifying my report, I draw attention to note 8 to the financial statements, which describes the prior period adjustment recognised in the current year. The comparative figures have been restated accordingly. I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe: 1. accounting records were not kept in respect of the Company as required by section 386 of the 2006 Act; or 2. the accounts do not accord with those records; or 5 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Independent examiner’s report to the trustees of The Guardiola Sala Foundation Year ended 31 August 2025 3. the accounts do not comply with the accounting requirements of section 396 of the 2006 Act other than any requirement that the accounts give a ‘true and fair view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or 4. the accounts have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102). I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached. **Sally Appleton FCA Saffery LLP 10 Wellington Place Leeds LS1 4AP** 25 June 2026 Date: ………………………………… 6 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Statement of Financial Activities (incorporating the Income and Expenditure account) Year ended 31 August 2025 |_Notes_
**Income from:**
Donations
**Total income**
**2**
**Expenditure on:**
Charitable Activities
**Total expenditure**
**3**
**Net movement in funds**
**Reconciliation of funds:**
Balance brought forward
**Balance carried forward**
**6**|**Unrestricted**
**2025**
**Restricted**
**2025**
**Total**
**2025**
**Total 2024**
**As restated**
**£**
**£**
**£**
**£**
270,885
-
270,885
151,380| |---|---| ||**270,885**
**-**
**270,885**
**151,380**| ||120,324
7,364
127,688
79,819| ||**120,324**
**7,364**
**127,688**
**79,819**| ||| ||**150,561**
**(7,364)**
**143,197**
**71,561**| ||229,495
107,638
337,133
265,572| ||**380,056**
**100,274**
**480,330**
**337,133**| All incoming resources and resources expended are derived from continuing activities. All recognised gains and losses are included in the Statement of Financial Activities. The notes on pages 9 to 16 form part of these accounts. 7 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Balance sheet As at 31 August 2025 ||_Notes_|**2025**|**2024**| |---|---|---|---| ||||**As**| ||||**restated**| |||**£**|**£**| |**Current assets**|||| |Cash at bank and in hand||490,495|345,921| |||──────|──────| |**Total current assets**||**490,495**|**345,921**| |Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year|**5**|(10,165)|(8,788)| |||──────|──────| |**Net current assets**||**480,330**|**337,133**| |||──────|──────| |||──────|──────| |**Total assets less current liabilities**||**480,330**|**337,133**| |||═════|═════| |**Represented by:**|**6**||| |Unrestricted funds||380,056|229,495| |Restricted funds||100,274|107,638| |||──────|──────| |||**480,330**|**337,133**| |||═════|═════| For the financial year ended 31 August 2025, the company was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006. The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Act with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements. The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year in question in accordance with section 476. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies’ regime. The financial statements were approved by the Trustees on 25 June 2026 and signed on their behalf by: Laura Guerra Martinez ## **Director** The notes on pages 9 to 16 form part of these accounts. Registered Company No: 12828740 Registered Charity No: 1168515 8 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Notes to the financial statements Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **1 Accounting policies** ## **Basis of accounting** The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS102) – (Charities SORP (FRS102)), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS102), the Companies Act 2006 and the Charities Act 2011. The Guardiola Sala Foundation meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS102. Advantage has been taken of the exemption for charities with income less than £500,000 from preparing a cash flow statement under SORP (FRS102). The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention. ## **1.2 Going concern** The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. The charity has adequate reserves and a satisfactory level of expected future income. ## **1.3 Company status** The Guardiola Sala Foundation is a company limited by guarantee. The members undertake to contribute such amount as may be required (not exceeding £1 each) to the charity’s assets in the event it should be wound up. The total of such guarantees at 31 August 2025 was £7 (2024: £8). ## **1.4 Income** Income is included in the Statement of Financial Activities in the period in which there is a probability of receipt, the charity is entitled to receipt and the amount can be measured with reasonable certainty. Donations are included in the statement of financial activities when receivable. ## **1.5 Expenditure** All expenditure is charged in the year to which it relates. Grants awarded and donations payable are charged in full when the offer is conveyed to the beneficiary, except in those cases where the offer is conditional and therefore recognised as expenditure when the conditions are fulfilled. ## **1.6 Creditors** Creditors are recognised where the charity has a present obligation resulting from a past event that will probably result in the transfer of funds to a third party and the amount due to settle the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably. Creditors are normally recognised at their settlement amounts. 9 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Notes to the financial statements Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **1.7 Foreign currency translation** Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange prevailing at the accounting date. Translations into foreign currencies are recorded at the date of the transaction. All differences are taken to the statement of financial activities. ## **1.8 Financial instruments** The charity only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial instruments. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently measured at their settlement value with the exception of bank loans which are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The charity does not have any bank loans. ## **1.9 Taxation** As a charity the organisation is exempt from United Kingdom Income and Corporation Tax on its charitable activities. ## **2 Donations and legacies** |Other donations|**2025**
**2024**
**As restated**
**£**
**£**
270,885
151,380| |---|---| ||270,885
151,380| ## **3 Expenditure on charitable activities** |**Notes**
Support costs
**3a**
Grants and donations made
**3c**|**2025**
**2024**
**As restated**
**£**
**£**
16,726
23,736
110,962
56,083| |---|---| ||127,688
79,819| 10 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Notes to the financial statements Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **3a Support costs** |**Notes**
Marketing and advertising
Independent examination
**3b**
Other accountancy fees
**3b**
Bank charges
Travel
(Profit)/loss on foreign exchange
Sundry costs
**3b Independent examiner’s remuneration**
Fees payable to Saffery:
Independent examination
Statutory accounts and bookkeeping
Submission of annual return
Corporation tax return
Software costs
Confirmation statement
**3c Grants and donations made**
During the period grants were made to the following organisations:
Association Sport to Live
Unes Unio Esportiva
Club Natacio Manresa
Fundacio Asapasim
Salvation Army|**2025**
**2024**
**As restated**
**£**
**£**
4,250
1,153
3,500
3,300
5,881
6,636
482
966
1,340
1,004
(336)
8,450
1,609
2,227| |---|---| ||16,726
23,736| ||**2025**
**2024**
**£**
**£**
3,500
3,300
3,311
4,316
890
2,320
900
-
476
-
304
-| ||9,381
9,936| ||**2025**
**2024**
**£**
**£**
4,996
5,230
4,176
4.317
8,672
39,793
85,342
1,743
7,776
5,000| ||110,962
56,083| 11 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Notes to the financial statements Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **3d Restricted fund expenditure** |Marketing and advertising
Bank charges
Travel
(Profit)/loss on foreign exchange
Sundry costs|**2025**
**2024**
**As restated**
**£**
**£**
2,750
-
-
242
1,092
-
2,953
5,792
569
-| |---|---| ||7,364
6,034| ## **4 Staff costs, trustee remuneration and the costs of key management personnel** Key management personnel are defined as the trustees. The charity does not directly employ any staff. No remuneration or expenses were paid to Trustees during the period. ## **5 Creditors** |Accruals
**Fund reconciliation**
**Movement in funds**
**At 1**
**September**
**2023**
**As restated**
**(Note 8)**
**Incoming**
**resources**
**Outgoing**
**resources**
**£**
**£**
**£**
Unrestricted
funds
153,814
151,380
(75,699)
Restricted
funds
111,758
-
(4,120)
265,572
151,380
(79,819)|Accruals
**Fund reconciliation**
**Movement in funds**
**At 1**
**September**
**2023**
**As restated**
**(Note 8)**
**Incoming**
**resources**
**Outgoing**
**resources**
**£**
**£**
**£**
Unrestricted
funds
153,814
151,380
(75,699)
Restricted
funds
111,758
-
(4,120)
265,572
151,380
(79,819)|**2025**
**2024**
**£**
**£**
10,165
8,788| |---|---|---| |||10,165
8,788| |||**Transfers**
**At 31**
**August**
**2024**
**As restated**
**(Note 8)**
**£**
**£**
-
229,495
-
107,638| ||265,572
151,380
(79,819)|-
337,133| ## **6 Fund reconciliation** 12 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Notes to the financial statements Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **6 Fund reconciliation (continued)** |Unrestricted
funds
Restricted
funds|**At 1**
**September**
**2024**
**Incoming**
**resources**
**Outgoing**
**resources**
**Transfers**
**At 31**
**August**
**2025**
**£**
**£**
**£**
**£**
**£**
229,495
270,885
(120,324)
-
380,056
107,638
-
(7,364)
-
100,274| |---|---| ||337,133
270,885
(127,688)
-
480,330| Restricted funds represent income received by the charity that is subject to specific conditions imposed by the donor. These funds are only available for use in accordance with the restrictions specified and cannot be used for the general purposes of the charity. This fund comprises donations received for the purpose of funding projects in agreement with the donor, the first project commenced during the year and related to Pep’s Summer Camp. Expenditure from this fund is restricted to activities that directly further this project. Any unspent amounts are carried forward in the fund and will be applied in future periods in accordance with the restrictions imposed. ## **Funds represented by** |Current assets
Current liabilities
Current assets
Current liabilities||**2025**
**Unrestricted**
**Restricted**
**Total**
390,221
100,274
490,495
(10,165)
-
(10,165)| |---|---|---| |||380,056
100,274
480,330| |||**2024**
**As restated**
**Unrestricted**
**Restricted**
**Total**
238,283
107,638
345,921
(8,788)
-
(8,788)| |||229,495
107,638
337,133| 13 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Notes to the financial statements Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **7 Related party transactions** The trustees do not consider that there are any related party transactions that would need to be disclosed. ## **8 Prior period adjustments** |**Reconciliation of changes in unrestricted funds**
**Adjustments to prior year**
Impact to unrestricted funds in relation to donations
Impact to unrestricted funds in relation to (profit)/loss on
foreign exchange
Total adjustments
Total adjustments brought forward
Unrestricted funds as previously reported
Unrestricted funds as adjusted
**Analysis of the effect upon unrestricted funds**
Unrestricted funds
**Reconciliation of changes in net movement of funds for the**
**Adjustments to prior year**
Impact to net movement of funds in relation to donations
Impact to net movement of funds in relation to (profit)/loss
on foreign exchange
Net movement of funds as previously reported
Net movement of funds as adjusted|**1 September**
**2023**
**31 August**
**2024**
**£**
**£**
- 34,111
-
(1,913)|**1 September**
**2023**
**31 August**
**2024**
**£**
**£**
- 34,111
-
(1,913)| |---|---|---| ||- 32,198
- -
153,813197,297|| ||153,813229,495|| |||| ||-32,198|| ||**previous financial period**
**2024**
**£**
34,111
(1,913)
43,484
75,682|| |||75,682| 14 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Notes to the financial statements Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **8 Prior period adjustments (continued)** |**Reconciliation of changes in restricted funds**|||| |---|---|---|---| ||**1 September**|**31**|**August**| ||**2023**||**2024**| ||**£**||**£**| |**Adjustments to prior year**|||| |Impact to restricted funds in relation to donations|115,030||-| |Impact to restricted funds in relation to bank charges|(238)||(242)| |Impact to restricted funds in relation to (profit)/loss on foreign|||| |exchange|(3,034)||(3,878)| |Total adjustments|111,758||(4,120)| |Total adjustments brought forward|-|111,758|| |Restricted funds as previously reported|-||-| |Restricted funds as adjusted|111,758|107,638|| |**Analysis of the effect upon restricted funds**|||| |Restricted funds|111,758|107,638|| |**Reconciliation of changes in net movement of funds for the previous financial**||**period**|| ||||**2024**| ||||**£**| |**Adjustments to prior year**|||| |Impact to net movement of funds in relation to bank charges|||(242)| |Impact to net movement of funds in relation to (profit)/loss on|||| |foreign exchange|||(3,878)| |Net movement of funds as previously reported|||-| |Net movement of funds as adjusted|||(4,120)| ## **Notes to reconciliation** During the year, the Charity identified that a USD bank account, which had been in use since 2023, had not previously been recorded in the accounting records, and consequently none of the associated USD-denominated donations or expenditure for the financial years ended 31 August 2024 and 31 August 2023 had been recognised. This omission resulted in an incomplete presentation of both income and expenditure, as well as an understatement of cash balances and reserves in prior years. 15 Docusign Envelope ID: 91CEDB32-0C56-89F2-8039-B6C57F388D58 ## THE GUARDIOLA SALA FOUNDATION Notes to the financial statements Year ended 31 August 2025 ## **8 Prior period adjustments (continued)** As a result, a prior period adjustment has been made to restate the comparative figures for both 2024 and 2023. The adjustment has resulted in increases to: - Cash and cash equivalents, reflecting the introduction of the previously unrecorded USD bank balance. - Income, due to the recognition of previously omitted USD-denominated donations. - Expenditure, due to the recognition of previously omitted USD-denominated costs; and - - Opening reserves, to recognise the cumulative impact of the corrected figures as at 1 September 2023 (the beginning of the earliest comparative period). No other prior period adjustments were identified. 16