**REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: 1189523**
**Report of the Trustees and Financial Statements**
## **for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
**for JAC Trust**
Monahans Statutory Auditor Chartered Accountants Fortescue House Court Street Trowbridge Wiltshire BA14 8FA
**JAC Trust**
## **Contents of the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
||**Page**|
|---|---|
|**Report of the Trustees**|1 to 8|
|**Report of the Independent Auditors**|9 to 10|
|**Statement of Financial Activities**|11|
|**Balance Sheet**|12|
|**Cash Flow Statement**|13|
|**Notes to the Financial Statements**|14 to 26|
|**Detailed Statement of Financial Activities**|27 to 28|
**JAC Trust**
## **Report of the Trustees for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
Charity Name: JAC Trust Registration Number: 1189523 Governing Document: Constitution of a Charitable Incorporated Organisation dated 18/05/2020 Registered Address: Box 2 c/o C&J Clark International Ltd 40 High Street Street Somerset BA16 0EQ Trustees Odette Clark Campbell (Chair) Dulma Clark Aidan Pelly Andrew Pym William Pym John Turbervill (resigned 08.07.2021) David Linehan (appointed 15.02.2022) Principal Staff Daniela Lloyd-Williams (Director) Bankers: CAF Bank 25 Kings Hill Avenue Kings Hill West Malling Kent, ME19 4JQ Auditors: Monahans Fortescue House Court Street Trowbridge, BA14 8FA Fund Managers: Rathbone Greenbank Investments 10 Queen Street Bristol BS1 4NT
Page 1
**JAC Trust**
## **Report of the Trustees for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
The Trustees present their report and the audited financial statements of JAC Trust for the year ended 31 December 2021.
The financial statements comply with the governing document, the Charities Act 2011, and the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102).
## **Structure, Governance and Management**
## **Incorporation of JAC Trust**
JAC Trust is a Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO) governed according to its Constitution dated 18 May 2020. It commenced operations on 1 July 2020 when it took over the main business and assets of the J A Clark Charitable Trust (charity registration number 1010520). This completed the governance review of the J A Clark Charitable Trust initiated in 2019. The unincorporated charity was retained throughout 2021 to await completion of the first registration of land assets with the Land Registry and subsequent transfer of those assets to JAC Trust. The merger between J A Clark Charitable Trust and JAC Trust was completed on 5 May 2022.
## **Trustees**
The Trustees who served since the establishment of the CIO and up to the date of this report are as follows:
Odette Clark Campbell (Chair) Dulma Clark David Linehan (appointed 15.02.2022) Aidan Pelly Andrew Pym William Pym John Turbervill (resigned 08.07.2021)
Four of the Trustees are descendants of J. Anthony Clark, the settlor of the J A Clark Charitable Trust. All Trustees give their time voluntarily and receive no benefits from the charity. Any expenses reclaimed from the charity are set out in note 9 to the accounts.
Three of the Trustees were also Trustees of the J A Clark Charitable Trust, Odette Clark Campbell, Aidan Pelly, William Pym.
The Constitution provides for new Trustees to be appointed by the existing Trustees. In November 2021 the Trustees began the process to recruit a sixth trustee, by advertising the trustee vacancy on relevant on-line platforms. The process was completed on 15 February 2022 with the appointment of David Linehan. On appointment, Trustees are given an induction pack and are offered one or more briefing meetings with the Director and/or Chair to familiarise themselves with the charity, its governance, the context it operates in and their own roles and responsibilities.
## **Governance**
Trustees are responsible for all decisions on the Trust’s policies and grants. The Trustees met five times in 2021, twice to review and approve grants and on three other occasions to discuss and progress governance and other matters. The Trust has two committees which meet separately to the Board and report to it: Finance and Investment and Programme. All Trustees must serve on at least one of the committees. The Programme Committee reviews and assess all applications to the Trust and makes funding recommendations to the Board. In 2021, following an open, competitive recruitment process, Professor Richard Black joined the Programme Committee, enabling the Trust to benefit from his considerable expertise in the climate change forced displacement nexus, the main focus of the Trust’s grant-making. Professor Black gives his time voluntarily and receives no benefits from the charity.
Page 2
**JAC Trust**
## **Report of the Trustees for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **Management**
The Trustees govern the Trust and control its strategic direction. They delegate the management of the Trust to the Trust Director, who is supervised by the Chair of the Board of Trustees and reports to the Trustees at their Board meetings.
The Trust’s remuneration policy is to balance the wish to attract and retain suitably qualified and experienced staff with careful management of the charity’s funds. On her appointment in 2020 the salary for the post of Director was set on the basis of the market average for grant-making charities of a similar size. Her salary is reviewed annually, and any pay increase is linked to performance and approved by the Board.
## **Charitable Objectives and Activities**
## **Objectives and activities for the public benefit**
JAC Trust exists and operates for the public benefit. Through its grant-making and social investments it works to improve the quality of life for people in need in the UK and Internationally. The public benefit created by JAC Trust is demonstrated in this report through the listing of grants that we have made throughout the year.
The Trustees confirm that they have given due regard to the Charity Commission’s published guidance on public benefit when reviewing JAC Trust’s activities and in setting the funding strategy and grant-making policy. Trustees keep public benefit in mind when reviewing applications and making grant decisions. The Trustees ensure that all projects and organisations funded by JAC Trust have charitable objects or purposes as defined by the Charities Act 2011.
The objects of JAC Trust are to advance purposes which are exclusively charitable according to the law of England and Wales as the Trustees may in their absolute discretion think fit. JAC Trust carries out these objectives by making grants to organisations that carry out charitable activities in the UK and internationally, and through social investments.
## **Core Work: the intersection between climate change and displacement**
In 2020 the Trustees adopted a new ten year strategy with an objective to:
_support forcibly displaced people, their host communities and people at acute risk of displacement to respond to the climate crisis, while also promoting environmental protection/recovery_ .
Every year millions of people are forced to leave their homes as a result of persecution, violence, conflict, extreme weather events and natural disasters. At the end of 2019 there were 79.5 million forcibly displaced people worldwide (UNHCR, 2021). Climate change is a key reason for the increase in displacement and is putting many millions more at risk of displacement in the future. At the same time, refugees, internally displaced people and other people who have been evicted from their land are particularly exposed to the impacts of climate change as many live in fragile environments and/or climate change hot spots. The increase in population in these fragile environments lead to environmental degradation, which in turn aggravates the impact of climate change. It can also result in conflict over natural resources between the host and displaced communities. The need for funding is significant, according to the ICRC $0 of climate adaptation funds reaches victims conflict and refugees.
The years 2020 and 2021 were designated a learning phase. During this time JAC Trust explored the intersection between climate change and forced displacement, funding a number of diverse initiatives in order to maximise learning.
## **Family Fund**
JAC Trust is a family foundation. It supports the philanthropic giving of family members through a Family Fund that is capped at 10% of the grant-making budget.
Page 3
**JAC Trust**
## **Report of the Trustees for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **Achievements and Performance**
## **Grant-making at the intersection between climate change and forced displacement**
2021 was the second of two ‘learning years’. Our aim was to fund a wide range of thematics, approaches and geographies in order to learn more about issues at the intersection of climate change and displacement as well as promising approaches to overcoming them.
A total of £431,871 was awarded in grants to 15 organisations. All grants were for one year.
|**Organisation**|**Amount**|**Project Name**|**Location**|
|---|---|---|---|
|Afghanistan Relief & Sustainable
Development Organization|£29,930|Energy Saving Solutions in Sheikh Mesri IDPs Camp
Jalalabad|Afghanistan|
|Buhaguzi Action for Rural
Development Foundation|£28,000|Environmental awareness through education in 14
primary schools in Kyangwali Refugee settlement Kikuube
district western Uganda.|Uganda|
|Climate Outreach|£29,994|Centering refugee & migrant organizations in the climate
debate|Global|
|CHASE Africa|£30,000|Improving household resilience for refugee & host
communities around Bidibidi refugee settlement|Uganda|
|Food for the Hungry UK|£26,011|Increasing Climate Resilience of Refugees & Host
Communities in & around Nyabiheke Refugee Camp|Rwanda|
|Pastoralists Alliance for Resilience
& Adaptation across Nations
(PARAN)|£29,713|Improved Management of Climate-Induced Impacts of
Floods by Returnees & Host Families around Lake
Baringo,Kenya|Kenya|
|Social Orientation and Relief
Association (SOORA)|£28,569|Improving Food Security & Resilience of the drought
affected host communities &IDPs through sustainable
livelihood interventions.|Somaliland|
|Cameroon Gender and
Environment Watch|£26,386|Preventing the Departure of Kilum-Ijim forest people by
engaging them in livelihood activities that improves lives &
protect nature|Cameroon|
|Community Needs Initiative|£29,243|Strengthening livelihoods & food security for vulnerable
returnee women & youths in Equatoria State through
agroforestry|South
Sudan|
|MedicineAfrica|£27,885|RESEED: Restoring the Ecosystem in Somaliland through
Economic Empowerment for the Displaced|Somaliland|
|Off-Grid Gas & Debre Tabor
University|£30,000|Turning the curse of water hyacinth into blessings:
transforming the livelihood of rural Ethiopia|Ethiopia|
|People’s Planet Project|£27,582|GeoStory Camps|Indonesia|
|Pragya|£28,558|Reducing water stress & risk of displacement among
pastoralists in Kenya’s arid lands through community-led
Water Resource Management|Kenya|
|Rural Environment and
Development Organization|£30,000|Sustainable landscape management for climate change
mitigation & adaptation around Mahama refugee camp|Rwanda|
|Vita|£30,000|Reducing climate-induced displacement in Ethiopia by
creating access to sustainable household energy &
protectingtrees|Ethiopia|
## **Family Fund**
A total of £31,500 was awarded to three organisations.
|**Organisation**|**£**|**Description**|
|---|---|---|
|Working Chance|1,500|Support women leaving the criminal justice system to find work.|
|The Felix Project|15,000|Rescue food that cannot be sold & redistribute to food banks & charities.|
|Afghanistan & Central Asian
Association|15,000|Supporting recently arrived Afghan refugees in the UK to settle.|
Page 4
**JAC Trust**
## **Report of the Trustees for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **Impact**
As a grant-making charity JAC Trust achieves impact through funding the work of charities and other not-for profit organisations. All grant recipients are required to provide us with a final project report that details the outcomes of their work, both on a quantitative and qualitative basis.
The wide range of activities we support in diverse contexts means that we do not have standard impact indicators against which all projects are measured. Instead, each project is taken on an individual basis and outcomes are measured against the objectives agreed with the project. Where relevant, the Trustees also consider impacts on the capacity of the organisation itself.
5 grantees submitted final reports in 2021. According to these reports funding from JAC trust contributed to achieving the following outcomes:
- 600 households became food secure.
- 1185 people increased their resilience to shocks due to increased savings/incomes
- 1332 households have greater access to clean energy
- 10,000 trees planted
- CO2 emissions reduced by 2309 tonnes.
## **Social Investment**
The Trustees approved one social investment in 2021: a £80,000 loan to the Wyre Catchment Natural Flood Management Project. This pilot project tests whether private investment capital can be used to finance natural landscape restoration through the development of monetisable ecosystem services, i.e. such as natural flood management.
## **Financial Review**
Since 2020 the trustees have followed a total return strategy both for the management of the Trust’s investment portfolio and for determining the amount available each year to fund the grants programme and meet expenses. This amount includes income arising from the portfolio and an element of long term capital growth. The objective is to maintain the long term real value of the investment fund while sustaining the level of grant distributions.
The principal funding source of JAC Trust is from investment income of £159,570 (2020: £159,571). Total income was £159,770 (2020: £164,871).
Expenditure in 2021 was higher than the previous year at £574,229 (2020: £453,107), reflecting the increase in the grants budget. Grants for charitable purposes were £458,581 (2020: £306,140).
## **Reserves Policy**
The funds are held as an expendable endowment. The Trustees do not operate a reserves policy, but manage the balance between short and long-term financial objectives through their grant making and investment policies.
Unrestricted reserves at 31 December 2021 were £131,327.
## **Investment Policy and Performance**
The investments consist of a portfolio of quoted investments, land and property, and a shareholding in the private company C&J Clark Ltd (“CJC”) which formed the original endowment in 1970.
The investment portfolio has been managed by Rathbone Greenbank since December 2019. In 2021 the portfolio generated a total return of 14.87% which comfortably exceeded the target of 4% plus inflation but underperformed against the MSCI PIMFA Growth Index.
The Trustees take a responsible and ethical view to investing, considering environmental, social and governance issues. In 2019 the Trustees reviewed and updated the investment policy moving from negative screening to full integration of ESG. This reflects the Trustees’ commitment to using assets to achieve to support the transition to a post-Carbon economy. We are proud to be a founder signatory to the Funder Commitment on Climate Change, which commits us to utilise JAC Trust’s investments to support the transition to a post-Carbon future.
Page 5
**JAC Trust**
## **Report of the Trustees for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **Fundraising Policy**
The Trust’s income is derived from its investment portfolio and on occasion, individuals linked to the charity make a donation. No fundraising activity is carried out by the charity.
## **Principal Risks and Uncertainties**
The Trustees have examined the major risks to which JAC Trust is exposed. Risks are assessed on the basis of their likelihood and potential impact. The Trustees are satisfied that it has policies, procedures and systems in place to manage the risks the charity faces.
The Trustees considered the following to be the key risks faced by JAC Trust:
- _Investment risk_ . The Trustees seeks to spread investment risk where possible. Trustees are aware of the investment risk posed by the large holding in the private company C & J Clark Limited. As it is a private company the marketability of shares is strictly limited providing only limited opportunity to disinvest. We continue to take any opportunities to diversify.
- _Uncertain return on investment portfolio._ The invasion of Ukraine and associated Russian sanctions has destabilised world markets. The invasion has triggered a sharp increase in energy and commodity prices, with consumer inflation expected to accelerate as a result. Markets have been volatile and falling. Hence, there is a risk that equity markets do not deliver positive calendar year returns. We mitigate this risk by investing through an investment manager and maintaining a diverse investment portfolio.
- _Partner delivery risk_ : JAC Trust funds the work of independent not-for-profit organisations. There is a risk that the agreed objectives are not achieved due to; the inherent risk of failure in an innovative project, poor project design, a lack of financial and/or human capacity to carry out the work, natural hazards and conflict impeding project implementation, the sudden closure of a charity. The Trustees believe that local organisations are often best placed to respond to problems and are therefore willing to fund non-UK registered charities. The Trustees are willing to fund high-risk projects in certain situations where success could lead to truly transformative results and risks are clearly acknowledged and described. In general, risks are mitigated through due diligence and monitoring procedures.
## **Funder Commitment on Climate Change**
In November 2019 JAC Trust became a founder signatory of the Funder Commitment on Climate Change. As part of this commitment the Trustees agreed to report annually on progress against the five goals below:
_1. Educate and learn_ : We are members of the Environmental Funders Network and participate regularly in their events. In 2021 our Director was one of the speakers at the joint EFN/ACF launch event of the resource pack for funders: "Acting on the Climate Crisis – Why, How and the Role of Philanthropy". We have a particular interest in how climate change impacts the Global South and have engaged extensively with our grantees on this issue, including a convening of our Uganda based grantees to foster peer to peer learning.
_2. Commit resources_ : Our core funding programme and 90% of our grant-making resources is dedicated to addressing the causes and consequences of the climate crisis. Our objective is to support refugees, IDPs and other displaced people and their host communities to become more climate resilient whilst also protecting the natural environment. We have committed over £800,000 to this challenge since singing the Funder Commitment on Climate Change.
_3. Integrate_ : Our entire funding programme is already a response to the climate crisis. We are now integrating climate change into our management of assets. We have some land and are currently reviewing opportunities for using this land in a more climate positive way.
_4. Steward our investments for a post_ - _Carbon future:_ We are a signatory to Divest/Invest and have divested from fossil fuels and invested in renewable energies. The Trustees are keen to ensure that our investments support the transition to a post-carbon future. In 2021 we made our first environmental impact investment in a pilot project that uses naturebased solutions to reduce flood risk in England. We anticipate making more such investments in the future.
Page 6
**JAC Trust**
## **Report of the Trustees for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
_5. Decarbonise our own operations_ : Key staff work from home, travel is therefore assumed to be the largest source of GHG emissions. In late 2019 (after signing the FCCC) Trustees committed themselves to meeting face-to-face only once a year. Since March 2020 all meetings have been virtual due to the pandemic. In 2021, Trustees updated the expenses policy to exclude flights within the UK.
## **Future Plans**
The Trustees will continue to fund at the intersection between climate change and forced displacement. From 2022 onwards, the focus will be on forcibly displaced people and their host communities only. Preference will be given to initiatives that foster a positive engagement between the host and displaced communities and multi-year grants will be available.
The incorporation of the charity, begun in 2020, was completed on 3 May 2022 when the merger of JA Clark Charitable Trust and JAC Trust was registered with the Charity Commission
## **Audit**
In 2019 the Trustees of the J A Clark Charitable Trust tendered for new auditors and appointed MHA Monahans as auditors of the charity for the financial year ending 31 December 2019.
A resolution proposing that MHA Monahans be re-appointed as the auditors of the charity for the financial year ending 31 December 2021 was passed at a meeting of the JAC Trust Board held on 13 June 2021.
Page 7
**JAC Trust**
## **Report of the Trustees for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **STATEMENT OF TRUSTEES' RESPONSIBILITIES**
The trustees are responsible for preparing the Report of the Trustees and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
The law applicable to charities in England and Wales, the Charities Act 2011, Charity (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 and the provisions of the trust deed requires the trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of the incoming resources and application of resources, including the income and expenditure, of the charity for that period. In preparing those financial statements, the trustees are required to
- select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
- observe the methods and principles in the Charity SORP;
- make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
- state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;
- prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the charity will continue in business.
The trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records which disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Charities Act 2011, the Charity (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 and the provisions of the trust deed. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
Approved by order of the board of trustees on ............................................. and signed on its behalf by:
........................................................................ O Clark Campbell - Trustee
Page 8
## **Report of the Independent Auditors to the Trustees of**
## **JAC Trust**
## **Opinion**
We have audited the financial statements of JAC Trust (the 'charity') for the year ended 31 December 2021 which comprise the Statement of Financial Activities, the Balance Sheet, the Cash Flow Statement and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion the financial statements:
- give a true and fair view of the state of the charity's affairs as at 31 December 2021 and of its incoming resources and application of resources, for the year then ended;
- have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
- have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 2011.
## **Basis for opinion**
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the charity in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
## **Conclusions relating to going concern**
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the trustees' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the charity's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the trustees with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
## **Other information**
The trustees are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report, other than the financial statements and our Report of the Independent Auditors thereon.
Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.
## **Matters on which we are required to report by exception**
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
- the information given in the Report of the Trustees is inconsistent in any material respect with the financial statements; or
- sufficient accounting records have not been kept; or
- the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
- we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
## **Responsibilities of trustees**
As explained more fully in the Statement of Trustees' Responsibilities, the trustees are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements which give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the trustees are responsible for assessing the charity's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the trustees either intend to liquidate the charity or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Page 9
## **Report of the Independent Auditors to the Trustees of JAC Trust**
## **Our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements**
We have been appointed as auditors under Section 144 of the Charities Act 2011 and report in accordance with the Act and relevant regulations made or having effect thereunder.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Independent Auditors that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:
Based on our understanding of the Trust and sector, we identified that the principal risks of non-compliance with laws and regulations related to compliance with charity legislation, and we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial statements of the Trust. We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial statements such as the Charities Statement of Recommended Practice (FRS102). We evaluated management's incentives and opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of the financial statements (including the risk of override of controls), and determined that the principal risks were related potential lack of segregation of duties, bookkeeping errors and management bias in accounting estimates and judgemental areas of the financial statements. Audit procedures performed by the audit engagement team included:
- Enquiry of management and those charged with governance about any known or suspected instances of noncompliance with laws and regulations and fraud;
- Understanding of management's internal controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities, and fraud;
- Reviewing minutes of meetings of those charged with governance and any correspondence with The Charity Commission;
- Reviewing financial statement disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with applicable laws and regulations;
- Performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationship that might indicate a risk of material misstatement due to fraud;
- Performing audit work over the risk of management override of controls, including testing of journal entries and other adjustments for appropriateness, evaluating the business rationale of significant transactions outside the normal course of business and reviewing accounting estimates for bias.
.
Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of the Independent Auditors.
## **Use of our report**
This report is made solely to the charity's trustees, as a body, in accordance with Part 4 of the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the charity's trustees those matters we are required to state to them in an auditors' report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charity and the charity's trustees as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
Monahans Statutory Auditor Chartered Accountants Eligible to act as an auditor in terms of Section 1212 of the Companies ACT 2006 Fortescue House Court Street Trowbridge Wiltshire BA14 8FA
Date: .............................................
Page 10
## **JAC Trust**
## **Statement of Financial Activities**
## **for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
|Notes
**INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM**
Donations and legacies
2
Investment income
3
Other income
4
**Total**
**EXPENDITURE ON**
Raising funds
5
**Charitable activities**
6
Family Fund
Climate Change and Forced Displacement
**Total**
Net gains/(losses) on investments
**NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE)**
**Transfers between funds**
18
**Other recognised gains/(losses)**
Gains on revaluation of fixed assets
**Net movement in funds**
**RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS**
**Total funds brought forward**
**TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD**|Unrestricted
funds
£
-
159,570
200
159,770
13,350
35,003
470,575
518,928
-
(359,158)
464,458
-
105,300
26,027
131,327|
Endowment
funds
£
-
-
-
-
55,301
-
-
55,301
1,899,306
1,844,005
(464,458)
32,900
1,412,447
10,191,369
11,603,816|2021
Total
funds
£
-
159,570
200
159,770
68,651
35,003
470,575
574,229
1,899,306
1,484,847
-
32,900
1,517,747
10,217,396
11,735,143|2020
Total
funds
£
5,200
159,571
100
164,871
63,055
77,034
313,018
453,107
(2,816,286)
(3,104,522)
-
18,564
(3,085,958)
13,303,354
10,217,396|
|---|---|---|---|---|
The notes form part of these financial statements
Page 11
## **JAC Trust**
## **Balance Sheet 31 December 2021**
|Notes
**FIXED ASSETS**
Tangible assets
13
**Investments**
Investments
14
Investment property
15
**CURRENT ASSETS**
Debtors
16
Cash at bank
**CREDITORS**
Amounts falling due within one year
17
**NET CURRENT ASSETS**
**TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES**
**NET ASSETS**
**FUNDS**
18
Unrestricted funds
Endowment funds:
Expendable endowment
Tangible fixed asset revaluation reserve
**TOTAL FUNDS**|Unrestricted
funds
£
-
-
-
-
544
183,902
184,446
(53,119)
131,327
131,327
131,327|
Endowment
funds
£
249,400
10,053,676
1,300,740
11,603,816
-
-
-
-
-
11,603,816
11,603,816|2021
Total
funds
£
249,400
10,053,676
1,300,740
11,603,816
544
183,902
184,446
(53,119)
131,327
11,735,143
11,735,143
131,327
11,548,968
54,848
11,603,816
11,735,143|2020
Total
funds
£
216,500
8,811,196
1,165,000
10,192,696
838
78,591
79,429
(54,729)
24,700
10,217,396
10,217,396
26,027
10,169,421
21,948
10,191,369
10,217,396|
|---|---|---|---|---|
The financial statements were approved by the Board of Trustees and authorised for issue on ............................................. and were signed on its behalf by:
............................................. O Clark Campbell - Trustee
The notes form part of these financial statements
Page 12
## **JAC Trust**
|**Cash Flow Statement**
**for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
2021
Notes
£
**Cash flows from operating activities**
Cash generated from operations
21
(442,609)
Net cash used in operating activities
(442,609)
**Cash flows from investing activities**
Purchase of fixed asset investments
(555,855)
Sale of fixed asset investments
1,038,224
Other recognised gains and losses
-
Movement in cash held for investment
(38,718)
Interest received
11
Dividends received
131,868
Property income
27,691
Net cash provided by investing activities
603,221
**Cash flows from financing activities**
Expenditure attributable to endowment
(55,301)
Net cash used in financing activities
(55,301)
**Change in cash and cash equivalents in**
**the reporting period**
105,311
**Cash and cash equivalents at the**
**beginning of the reporting period**
78,591
**Cash and cash equivalents at the end of**
**the reporting period**
183,902|2020
£
(441,531)
(441,531)
(4,534,308)
4,482,881
(18,564)
-
1,835
127,828
29,908
89,580
(46,594)
(46,594)
(398,545)
477,136
78,591|
|---|---|
The notes form part of these financial statements
Page 13
**JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES**
## **Basis of preparing the financial statements**
The financial statements of the charity, which is a public benefit entity under FRS 102, have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) 'Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019)', Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' and the Charities Act 2011. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, with the exception of investments which are included at market value, as modified by the revaluation of certain assets.
The financial statements have been prepared to give a 'true and fair' view and have departed from the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 only to the extent required to provide a 'true and fair view'. This departure has involved following the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) issued in October 2019 rather than the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice effective from 1 April 2005 which has since been withdrawn.
The trustees consider that there are no material uncertainties about the Trust's ability to continue as a going concern. The most significant areas of adjustment and key assumptions that affect items in the accounts are to do with estimating the liability from multi-year grant commitments. With respect to the next year, the most significant areas of uncertainty that affect the carry value of assets held by the Trust are the level of investment return and the performance of investment markets.
The Trust constitutes a public benefit entity as defined by FRS102.
## **Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty**
The preparation of accounts in conformity with FRS102 requires the trustees to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based upon historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgements about carrying values and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. Certain critical accounting judgements in applying the charity's accounting policies are described below:
The trustees have considered the valuation of fixed asset investments and have concluded that no impairments are necessary.
## **Income**
All income is recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities once the charity has entitlement to the funds, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably.
Investment income, consisting of interest and dividends, is accounted for on a receivable basis.
## **Expenditure**
Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to that expenditure, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all cost related to the category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to particular headings they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources.
Irrecoverable VAT is charged as an expense against the activity for which the expenditure arose.
Grants made are included in the accounts when they are authorised by the trustees.
Costs of generating funds are those incurred in managing the investments. Other costs are governance and support costs.
The allocation of support costs to governance is set out in note 8.
Governance and support costs are then allocated between the programme funds based on the number of recipients of grants for each programme fund.
Page 14
continued...
**JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued**
## **Expenditure**
Grants offered subject to conditions which have not been met at the year end date are noted as a commitment but not accrued as expenditure.
## **Tangible fixed assets**
Land and buildings are included in the balance sheet at their fair value. Revaluations of the properties are taken to a revaluation reserve within the endowment funds of the charity as detailed in note 18. The trustees’ policy is to obtain a formal valuation of the properties every 5 years and re-estimate the market value each year based on the Land Registry House Price Index for the South West in the years between formal valuations. The investment properties were last formally valued at 25 October 2016, which was taken as a best approximation to the valuation on 31 December 2016. Capital expenditure incurred on the properties is also added to the book value in the period between valuations. Further detail is provided in note 13.
## **Fixed asset investments**
Listed investments and properties are included in the balance sheet at fair value (their market value).
The realised and unrealised gains on investments are reflected in the statement of financial activities as they arise. Realised gains and losses on investments are calculated as the difference between sales proceeds and opening market value (purchase date if later). Unrealised gains and losses are calculated as the difference between the market value as the period end and opening market value (or purchase date if later). Realised and unrealised gains are not separated in the statement of financial activities.
## **Programme-related investments**
Programme-related investments are included in the balance sheet at their fair value (the value of the loan outstanding).
## **Debtors and creditors**
Debtors and creditors are measured as invoiced price, less any applicable discounts.
## **Short term liquid investments and cash**
Cash at bank is held to meet short-term commitments and they fall due rather than for investment purposes and included all cash equivalents held in the form of short-term highly liquid investments. Cash equivalents are shortterm, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.
## **Taxation**
The charity is exempt from tax on its charitable activities.
## **Fund accounting**
Funds consist of a general unrestricted fund and an expendable endowment fund. Grants and support costs are paid out of the general unrestricted funds. Investment management fees are charged to the expendable endowment fund. Revaluations in tangible fixed assets are disclosed within endowments in a separate tangible fixed asset revaluation reserve,
## **Foreign currencies**
Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rate of exchange ruling at the date of transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving at the operating result.
## **Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits**
The charity operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the charity's pension scheme are charged to the Statement of Financial Activities in the period to which they relate.
The costs of the defined contribution scheme are included within support and governance costs and charged to the unrestricted funds of the charity using the methodology set out in note 8.
The trust has no liability beyond making its contributions and paying the deductions for the employee's contributions.
## **Financial instruments**
The charity has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 "Basic Financial Instruments" and Section 12 "Other Financial Instruments Issues" of FRS102 to all of its financial instruments.
Financial instruments are recognised in the charity's balance sheet when the charity becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Page 15
continued...
**JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued**
## **Financial instruments**
Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the accounts, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
## **Basic financial instruments**
Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.
## **Basic financial liabilities**
Basic financial liabilities, including creditors and bank loans, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.
Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.
Trade creditors are obligations to pay for the goods or service that have been acquired in the ordinary course of operations from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
## **Derecognition of financial liabilities**
Financial liabilities are derecognised when the charity's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.
## **2. DONATIONS AND LEGACIES**
|Donations
**3.**
**INVESTMENT INCOME**
Property income
Listed investment portfolio
Deposit account interest
Soul of Africa loan interest
**4.**
**OTHER INCOME**
Compensation|2021
£
-
2021
£
27,691
131,868
11
-
159,570
2021
£
200|2020
£
5,200
2020
£
29,908
127,828
1,295
540
159,571
2020
£
100|
|---|---|---|
Page 16
continued...
## **JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **5. RAISING FUNDS**
## **Raising donations and legacies**
|Rental expenses
**Investment management costs**
Investment management
Aggregate amounts
**6.**
**CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES COSTS**
Family Fund
Climate Change and Forced
Displacement
**7.**
**GRANTS PAYABLE**
Family Fund – Paid in year
Family Fund – Refunded from prior year
Climate Change and Forced Displacement|Grant
funding of
activities
(see note
7)
£
26,710
431,871
458,581|2021
£
13,350
2021
£
55,301
68,651
Support
costs (see
note 8)
£
8,293
38,704
46,997
2021
£
31,500
(4,790)
431,871
458,581||
|---|---|---|---|
Page 17
continued...
## **JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued**
## **for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **7. GRANTS PAYABLE - continued**
The total grants paid to institutions during the year was as follows:
|Somerset Community Fund (refunded)
Five Talents
Ashden Sustainable
California Clean Energy Fund
Small steps
Send a Cow
Thousand Currents
Rural Women's Centre
Lotus Flower Trust
Ideas Partnership
AMOR
Brave Hearts Orphanage
Cord Global
Total amount of small grants under £3,000 each
ARSDO
BUARDEFO
CHASE Africa
Food for the Hungry
PARAN
SOORA
Community Needs Initiative
Medicine Africa
Off Grid Gas and Fertilisers Ltd
People's Planet Project
Pragya
REDO
Cameroon Gender and Environmental Watch
Vita
The Felix Project
Afghanistan & Central Asian Association
**Reconciliation of grants**
Grants committed for the year
Grants paid during the year
Commitments at 1 January 2021
Commitments at 31 December 2021
Commitments at 31 December 2021 are payable as follows:
Within one year
After more than one year|2021
£
(4,790)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,500
59,924
28,000
30,000
26,011
29,713
28,569
29,243
27,885
30,000
27,582
28,558
30,000
26,386
30,000
15,000
15,000
458,581||2020
£
-
25,000
25,000
25,000
25,000
25,000
15,000
25,000
22,800
14,972
24,987
27,981
20,000
30,400
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
306,140
£
458,581
(464,231)
32,149
26,499
26,499
-
26,499|
|---|---|---|---|
|||||
|||||
|||||
Page 18
continued...
## **JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **8. SUPPORT COSTS**
|Family Fund
Climate Change and Forced Displacement||Governance
Other
costs
£
£
6,890
1,403
32,152
6,552
39,042
7,955||Totals
£
8,293
38,704
46,997|
|---|---|---|---|---|
The allocation of governance and support costs between the programme funds of the trust is proportional, based on the number of recipients of grants for each primary objective. This apportionment will be recalculated each year. The breakdown of support costs and how these were allocated between governance and other support costs is shown in the table below:
|Cost type
Staff costs
Administration
Meetings, travel and office
Website marketing
Memberships, seminars and training
Accountancy
Audit
Legal
Bank charges and FX adjustments|Other
£
26,551
8,843
35
477
3,136
-
-
-
-
39,042|Governance
£
-
2,211
138
-
-
1,268
4,032
1,252
(946)
7,955|2021
£
26,551
11,054
173
477
3,136
1,268
4,032
1,252
(946)
46,997|2020
£
31,748
16,604
3,303
4,820
1,380
84
4,032
22,776
2,165
83,912|
|---|---|---|---|---|
Allocation of administration is based on an estimate that 20% of such expenses relate to governance activities.
Allocation of a meetings, travel and office is based on an estimate that 80% of such expenses relate to governance activities.
## **9. AUDITORS' REMUNERATION**
|**AUDITORS' REMUNERATION**|||
|---|---|---|
||2021|2020|
||£|£|
|Fees payable to the charity's auditors for the audit of the charity's financial|||
|statements|4,032|4,032|
## **10. TRUSTEES' REMUNERATION AND BENEFITS**
The trustees all give freely their time and expertise without any form of remuneration or other benefits in cash or kind (2020: £nil).
No monetary value has been assigned to this donated time in the accounts in line with the Charities SORP (FRS102).
## **Trustees' expenses**
Trustees were reimbursed for travel costs incurred on trust business (i.e. attending trustee meetings), and the trust also paid for membership and training courses for the trustees provided by the Association of Charitable Foundations. These expenses totalled £Nil (2020: £189).
Page 19
continued...
**JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **11. STAFF COSTS**
|Wages and salaries
Other pension costs
The average monthly number of employees during the year was as follows:
Charitable activities
No employees received emoluments in excess of £60,000.
**12.**
**COMPARATIVES FOR THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES**
Unrestricted
funds
£
**INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM**
Donations and legacies
5,200
Investment income
159,571
Other income
100
**Total**
164,871
**EXPENDITURE ON**
Raising funds
16,461
**Charitable activities**
Family Fund
115,663
Climate Change and Forced Displacement
274,389
**Total**
406,513
Net gains/(losses) on investments
-
**NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE)**
(241,642)
**Transfers between funds**
(96,694)
**Other recognised gains/(losses)**
Gains on revaluation of fixed assets
-
**Net movement in funds**
(338,336)
**RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS**
**Total funds brought forward**
364,363
**TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD**
26,027|
|
|---|---|
|||
Page 20
continued...
## **JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued**
## **for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **13. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS**
|**COST OR VALUATION**
At 1 January 2021
Revaluations
At 31 December 2021
**NET BOOK VALUE**
At 31 December 2021
At 31 December 2020|Freehold
property
£
216,500
32,900
249,400
249,400
216,500|
|---|---|
On 27 November 2018, the JA Clark 1960 Settlement transferred ownership of 34 Pine Close BA16 0RS to the charity in order for it to be held for charitable purposes. It is currently being used as accommodation for a refugee family.
The property was professionally valued in November 2018 before the transfer and has been uplifted each year since using the Land Registry House Price Index.
## **14. FIXED ASSET INVESTMENTS**
|**MARKET VALUE**
At 1 January 2021
Additions
Disposals
Revaluations
At 31 December 2021
**NET BOOK VALUE**
At 31 December 2021
At 31 December 2020
Listed shares and securities
Unlisted shares
Cash held as part of the investment portfolio
Investment assets in the UK
Investment assets outside the UK|Investments
£
8,649,427
555,855
(1,038,224)
1,151,768
9,318,826
9,318,826
8,649,427|Unlisted
investments
£
1
-
-
611,799
611,800
611,800
1|Cash and
settlements
pending
£
161,768
-
(38,718)
-
123,050
123,050
161,768||Totals
£
8,811,196
555,855
(1,076,942)
1,763,567
10,053,676
10,053,676
8,811,196
£
9,318,826
611,800
123,050
10,053,676
£
4,969,663
5,084,013
10,053,676|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
The change in market value during the year, as shown in the revaluations above, comprises all the increases and decreases in the market value of investments held at any time during the year including profits and losses realised on sales of investments during the year. The change in market value is represented by a £1,151,768 increase in the value of listed investments and a £611,799 increase in value of unlisted investments.
All investments are carried at their fair value. Investments in listed and fixed interest securities are all traded on quoted public markets. Holdings in common investment funds, unit trusts and open-ended investments companies
Page 21
continued...
**JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **14. FIXED ASSET INVESTMENTS - continued**
are at the bid price. The basis of fair value for quoted investments is equivalent to the market value, using the bid price. Asset sales and purchases are recognised at the date of trade at cost
The current holding of C & J Clark Ltd ordinary share is as follows:
C & J Clark Ltd £1 ordinary shares 1,330,000
|Valuation at 1 January 2021
Revaluation
Valuation at 31 December 2021|£
1
611,799
611,800|
|---|---|
At 31 December 2021 the trustees held 1,330,000 £1 ordinary shares. In the light of the recent good performances by CJC these shares were valued by BDO at 31 July 2021 at a price of £0.46p per share, for the purposes of buying and selling in the internal market.
As a result of this valuation, the Trustees have agreed that the shares, which were valued at a nominal £1 at 31 December 2020 now have a value of £611,800. A further valuation based on the accounts to 31 January 2022 is likely to be available in mid 2022.
## **15. INVESTMENT PROPERTY**
|**FAIR VALUE**
At 1 January 2021
Revaluation
At 31 December 2021
**NET BOOK VALUE**
At 31 December 2021
At 31 December 2020|£
1,165,000
135,740
1,300,740
1,300,740
1,165,000|
|---|---|
The freehold land and buildings were professionally valued at £1,040,000 as at 31 December 2016. The trustees have revalued the land and buildings represented by the cottage based on the Land Registry House Price Index, using the average percentage change in value for existing properties for the year to December 2021, which was 15.2% (2020: 9.4%). The land and buildings brought forward represented by the farmland was revalued using the Cooper Tanner valuations. This year the Knight Frank Farmland index was used for the revaluation showing an increase the value by 10% (2020: -1%).
## **Reconciliation of investment property valuation**
## **16.**
|Carrying value at 1 January 2021
Revaluation
Carrying value at 31 December 2021
**DEBTORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR**
Prepayments and accrued income|2021
£
544|£
1,173,994
135,740|£
1,173,994
135,740|
|---|---|---|---|
|||1,309,734||
||||2020
£
838|
Page 22
continued...
## **JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **17. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR**
|Grants payable
Accruals and deferred income
**18.**
**MOVEMENT IN FUNDS**
At 1.1.21
£
**Unrestricted funds**
General fund
26,027
**Endowment funds**
Expendable endowment
10,169,421
Tangible fixed asset revaluation reserve
21,948
10,191,369
**TOTAL FUNDS**
10,217,396
Net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows:
Incoming
resources
£
**Unrestricted funds**
General fund
159,770
**Endowment funds**
Expendable endowment
-
Tangible fixed asset revaluation reserve
-
-
**TOTAL FUNDS**
159,770
**Comparatives for movement in funds**
At 1.1.20
£
**Unrestricted funds**
General fund
364,363
**Endowment funds**
Expendable endowment
12,936,837
Tangible fixed asset revaluation reserve
2,154
12,938,991
**TOTAL FUNDS**
13,303,354||Net
movement
in funds
£
(359,158)
1,844,005
32,900
1,876,905
1,517,747
Resources
expended
£
(518,928)
(55,301)
-
(55,301)
(574,229)
Net
movement
in funds
£
(241,642)
(2,864,110)
19,794
(2,844,316)
(3,085,958)||2021
£
26,499
26,620
53,119
Transfers
between
funds
£
464,458
(464,458)
-
(464,458)
-
Gains and
losses
£
-
1,899,306
32,900
1,932,206
1,932,206
Transfers
between
funds
£
(96,694)
96,694
-
96,694
-||2020
£
32,149
22,580
54,729
At
31.12.21
£
131,327
11,548,968
54,848
11,603,816
11,735,143
Movement
in funds
£
(359,158)
1,844,005
32,900
1,876,905
1,517,747
At
31.12.20
£
26,027
10,169,421
21,948
10,191,369
10,217,396|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||||
||||||||
||
||
||||
||||||||
||||||||
Page 23
continued...
**JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **18. MOVEMENT IN FUNDS - continued**
Comparative net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows:
|**Unrestricted funds**
General fund
**Endowment funds**
Expendable endowment
Tangible fixed asset revaluation reserve
**TOTAL FUNDS**|Incoming
resources
£
164,871
-
-
-
164,871|Resources
expended
£
(406,513)
(46,594)
-
(46,594)
(453,107)|Gains and
losses
£
-
(2,817,516)
19,794
(2,797,722)
(2,797,722)|Movement
in funds
£
(241,642)
(2,864,110)
19,794
(2,844,316)
(3,085,958)|
|---|---|---|---|---|
A current year 12 months and prior year 12 months combined position is as follows:
|**Unrestricted funds**
General fund
**Endowment funds**
Expendable endowment
Tangible fixed asset revaluation reserve
**TOTAL FUNDS**|At 1.1.20
£
364,363
12,936,837
2,154
12,938,991
13,303,354|Net
movement
in funds
£
(600,800)
(1,020,105)
52,694
(967,411)
(1,568,211)|Transfers
between
funds
£
367,764
(367,764)
-
(367,764)
-|At
31.12.21
£
131,327
11,548,968
54,848
11,603,816
11,735,143|
|---|---|---|---|---|
A current year 12 months and prior year 12 months combined net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows:
|**Unrestricted funds**
General fund
**Endowment funds**
Expendable endowment
Tangible fixed asset revaluation reserve
**TOTAL FUNDS**|Incoming
resources
£
324,641
-
-
-
324,641|Resources
expended
£
(925,441)
(101,895)
-
(101,895)
(1,027,336)|Gains and
losses
£
-
(918,210)
52,694
(865,516)
(865,516)|Movement
in funds
£
(600,800)
(1,020,105)
52,694
(967,411)
(1,568,211)|
|---|---|---|---|---|
The expendable endowment funds represent the original capital of the Trust, the gift of the property from the JA Clark 1960 settlement (see note 13) realised and unrealised gains and losses on investments, the related investment management fees incurred and any charitable expenditure since the fund was set up.
The fixed asset revaluation reserve represents the unrealised gains on the gifted property from the JA Clark 1960 settlement.
General unrestricted funds are available to be spent for any purpose of the Trust.
Page 24
continued...
**JAC Trust**
## **Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **19. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES**
Donations received from trustees and other related parties to the JA Clark Charitable Trust without attached conditions totalled £nil in 2021 (2020: £4,900).
Note 13 shows details of a property gifted to the Trust by the JA Clark 1960 Settlement.
## **20. ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY**
The charity is controlled jointly by the trustees.
## **21. RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE) TO NET CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES**
|**ACTIVITIES**|||
|---|---|---|
||2021|2020|
||£|£|
|**Net income/(expenditure) for the reporting period (as per the**|||
|**Statement of Financial Activities)**|1,484,847|(3,104,522)|
|**Adjustments for:**|||
|(Gain)/losses on investments|(1,899,306)|2,816,286|
|Interest received|(11)|(1,835)|
|Dividends received|(131,868)|(127,828)|
|Expenditure attributable to endowment|55,301|46,594|
|Property income|(27,691)|(29,908)|
|Loan to Soul of Africa UK Ltd|-|29,600|
|Gain on revaluation of fixed assets|77,435|18,564|
|Decrease in debtors|294|636|
|Decrease in creditors|(1,610)|(89,118)|
|**Net cash used in operations**|(442,609)|(441,531)|
## **22.**
## **ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET FUNDS**
||At 1.1.21|Cash flow|At 31.12.21|
|---|---|---|---|
||£|£|£|
|**Net cash**||||
|Cash at bank|78,591|105,311|183,902|
||78,591|105,311|183,902|
|**Total**|78,591|105,311|183,902|
## **23. FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES**
## **Exposure to credit risk**
The main debtor of the charity is Rathbone Investment Management who hold investment income at the year end. The risk of loss arising from the investment manager failing to pay over the income generated by the investment portfolio is considered low as the investment manager is a regulated institution and the income is paid over regularly to the charity's bank account.
## **Exposure to market risk**
Investments represent the majority of the charity's net assets. The risk of a financial loss arising from listed investments due to changes in the market is mitigated by the active management of the investment portfolio by a professional investment manager and the diversification of the investment portfolio based on an investment policy approved by the trustees.
The unlisted investment in C&J Clark Limited was revalued based on semi-annual valuations of the shares by BDO Chartered Accountants. The valuation based on the annual accounts to 30 January 2021 was prepared in October 2021, the valuation closest to the balance sheet date. The trustees consider that the valuation, which allowed for trading on the internal market, puts value back into the shares, and the shares have been valued at the price given in the C&J Clark Limited notification of £0.46p per share.
Page 25
continued...
**JAC Trust**
**Notes to the Financial Statements - continued for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
## **23. FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - continued**
## **Changes in fair value of debtors, creditors and investments due to credit risk**
There have been no changes in the fair values of basic financial instruments (debtors, creditors and investments) attributable to changes in credit risk.
## **24. MERGER ACCOUNTING**
JAC Trust was incorporated on 18 May 2020 in order that the J A Clark Charitable Trust (charity 1010520), could change its legal structure. Although JAC Trust commenced operations on 1 July 2020, the principles of merger accounting were applied in the previous year and the results of the combining charities for the whole year in which the merger occurred were combined as if they were always one entity.
Page 26
## **JAC Trust**
## **Detailed Statement of Financial Activities for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
|**INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS**
**Donations and legacies**
Donations
**Investment income**
Property income
Listed investment portfolio
Deposit account interest
Soul of Africa loan interest
**Other income**
Compensation
**Total incoming resources**
**EXPENDITURE**
**Raising donations and legacies**
Rental expenses
**Investment management costs**
Investment management
**Charitable activities**
Grants to institutions
**Support costs**
**Other**
Wages
Pensions
Administration
Meetings, travel and office
Website marketing
ACF membership & seminars
Other:Website & Grant Management
**Governance costs**
Auditors' remuneration
Administration
Meetings, travel and office
Legal
Accountancy
Bank charges
Total resources expended
**Net expenditure before gains and losses**
**Realised recognised gains and losses**
Carried forward|2021
£
-
27,691
131,868
11
-
159,570
200
159,770
13,350
55,301
458,581
25,205
1,346
10,758
173
-
3,136
477
41,095
4,032
-
-
1,252
1,564
(946)
5,902
574,229
(414,459)
(414,459)|2020
£
5,200
29,908
127,828
1,295
540
159,571
100
164,871
16,461
46,594
306,140
27,056
4,692
10,883
2,642
4,820
1,380
-
51,473
4,032
2,721
661
22,776
84
2,165
32,439
453,107
(288,236)
(288,236)|
|---|---|---|
This page does not form part of the statutory financial statements
Page 27
## **JAC Trust**
## **Detailed Statement of Financial Activities for the Year Ended 31 December 2021**
||2021|2020|
|---|---|---|
||£|£|
|**Realised recognised gains and losses**|||
|Brought forward|(414,459)|(288,236)|
|Realised gains/(losses) on fixed asset|||
|investments|1,763,566|(2,841,442)|
|Realised gains/(losses) on investment property|135,740|25,156|
|**Net income/(expenditure)**|1,484,847|(3,104,522)|
This page does not form part of the statutory financial statements
Page 28