The Hive Cornwall
Charity number: 1187981
TRUSTEES' REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022
The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Contents
| Heading | Page |
|---|---|
| Reference and administrative information | 1 |
| Trustees' report | 2 |
| Independent examiners report to the trustees | 6 |
| Statement of financial activities | 7 |
| Balance sheet | 9 |
| Statement of Cashflows | 10 |
| Notes to the financial statements | 11 |
Reference and Administrative Information
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Charity name The Hive Cornwall
Registered Charity number 1187981
Registered Company number CE020717
Registered address Fentenfenna Farm
Ruthvoes
St Columb
TR9 6HT
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Trustees serving in the period
Matthew Thomson (appointed 29[th] Oct 2020) Barbara Rounsevell (appointed 29[th] Oct 2020) Sandra Duddridge (appointed 31[st] Mar 2022) Luke Berkeley (appointed 29[th] Oct 2020, resigned 8[th] October 2021)
Andrew Howell (appointed 29[th] Oct 2020, resigned 8[th] May 2022)
Independent Examiners Swell Accounting & Business Solutions 11 St Annes Road Newquay Cornwall TR7 2SA
Bankers
The Co-operative Bank P.O. Box 250 Skelmersdale Lancashire WN8 6WT
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Trustees Report
Structure, Governance and Management
The Charity was registered as a Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO) on 14[th] February 2020 and has no paid staff, operating solely through volunteers.
Charitable Objects
The charity was registered with the core purpose to process and extend the life of free surplus (waste) food into a nutritious product and provide this at no cost to disadvantaged families. The charity has registered the following charitable objects with the Charity Commission:
-
General Charitable Purposes
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Education/training
-
The Prevention Or Relief Of Poverty
-
Environment/conservation/heritage
-
Economic/community Development/employment
to help:
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Children/young People
-
Elderly/old People
-
People with Disabilities
-
Other Charities or Voluntary Bodies
-
Other Defined Groups
Acknowledgements
Trustees would like to take this opportunity to thank our funders in the year:
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National Lottery Community Fund
-
Cornwall Community Foundation
-
Cornwall Council
-
Sustainable Food Places (supported Esmée Fairbairn Foundation)
Trustees offer their profuse thanks to the many supporters who have provided food donations, facilities, equipment, advice and guidance through the Charity’s second year, in particular to Brakes Foodservice and St Ewe Eggs.
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Trustees would also like to thank staff and volunteers of our two principal community partners Treverbyn Hall and CHAOS Cornwall CIC for keeping the Hive Cornwall operation ticking throughout the year.
Activities and Achievements
As the pandemic crisis eased throughout 2021 Cornwall’s community food landscape evolved and the charity responded by focusing on:
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increasing the volume of food it recovered
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supporting local food organisations in their production of meals for the disadvantaged people they serve
This was therefore a year where trustees concentrated on strengthening partnerships. The Hive Cornwall’s partnership with Treverbyn Hall and CHAOS Cornwall was central to our food recovery and distribution operations through the year, enabling the recovering, sorting, storing and distribution of 46.2 tonnes of food surplus that would otherwise have been wasted. Our wider community partnership helped distribute this through 19 community groups and 13 community larders across Cornwall, from Growing Links in the far west to the Peninsula Trust Rame in the east and Boscastle in the north.
This success depended as much on the Charity’s relationships with wholesalers, logistics companies as with direct coordination with grassroots person-centred community food groups active in Cornwall’s diverse communities. As well as supporting community food groups through distribution of recovered food, trustees piloted a new approach to enabling community food groups to top up their food stock by purchasing food, especially fresh ingredients, by paying local suppliers to supply them with food items. By funding direct food supplies, the Hive Cornwall was able to support local food producers and retailers in difficult times as well as enable community food groups to prepare more nutritionally balanced meals than would have otherwise been possible.
In early summer 2021 The Hive Cornwall was successful in its application to Cornwall’s Contained Outbreak Management Fund (COMF) to mitigate Covid 19 impacts and support community resilience and recovery. The application was co-designed with the Cornwall Food Access Alliance, one of VSF Cornwall’s networks, and as well as supporting ongoing food recovery and distribution operations, is intended to create a processing facility to extend the life of rescued food surplus and a modern distribution fleet. The food production unit has been built at Fentenfenna Farm, near St Columb, and Trustees are now finalising the design and fit out of the facility. The vehicles are being used by community partners Growing Links and CHAOS Cornwall to recover and distribute food on behalf of west and mid Cornwall community food networks.
In keeping with our name and founding spirit, The Hive Cornwall trustees recognise their responsibility to ensure the charity works effectively as part of Cornwall’s food system. The Hive Cornwall will thrive only if it works in harmony with the businesses, organisations, communities and other stakeholders who between them comprise Cornwall’s food system. To that end, The Hive Cornwall helped establish the Cornwall Food Access Alliance and has been working to support the development of the wider Sustainable Food Cornwall Partnership capable of holding and supporting
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
a sustainable food strategy for Cornwall. Trustees managed a small development grant from the Sustainable Food Places programme run by Sustain, Food Matters and Soil Association to fund collaborative community research and engagement with citizens and food system stakeholders across Cornwall now published at https://sustainablefoodcornwall.org.uk/
Reserves Policy
The Hive currently have very few ongoing cost commitments. The trustees have set a reserves policy to hold around 6 months worth of free unrestricted reserves to cover costs in the event of a reduction in income. The current unrestricted free reserves value of £34,101 represents 5.8 months.
Going Concern
The charity has sufficient funding to continue its operations for another 12-18 months and is actively seeking funding to continue beyond this point. The partnerships developed to date will support in providing opportunities for charitable trading which is a significant part of our ongoing business plan.
Financial Review
The financial results of the charity for the year are set out on page 6.
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The charity's reserves are held to cover unexpected expenses and future operating deficits. There are few fixed costs and so no reserve is required to cover these in the event of closure.
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• Current Free Unrestricted reserves as at 31[st ] March 2022 £34k (last year £14k)
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This represents a ratio of 6 months of our average monthly expenditure, our reserves policy sets out to maintain reserves of 6 months to ensure we can manage the charity appropriately through periods of lower income. Our future plans set out how we will maintain our reserves in line with this policy.
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This year we recorded an unrestricted surplus of £1k.
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Restricted reserves show a surplus of £182k. Of our £197k restricted reserves, £152k is a depreciation reserve for assets purchased with grant funding. £45k is held for delivery of services in the future.
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Future Plans
Trustees have now developed a new business plan and are fundraising to create a secure home for the Hive which will serve as a food recovery hub in the heart of Cornwall and to recruit a staff team to operate it alongside the dedicated volunteers.
Building on the Sustainable Food Places work, The Hive Cornwall is also helping catalyse a wider understanding of Cornwall’s food system, and helping build a partnership to develop the food system and make Cornwall a Sustainable Food Place. This food system working is important for the long term viability of the Hive and of many other food organisations across the value chain. As such, this systems working is the Hive’s strategic priority and is in line with our charity objects and funder priorities. In particular, the Sustainable Food Places method requires close collaboration with public health and other relevant local authority teams, both of whom have been enormously supportive of the Charity in its first year.
Trustee: Matthew Thomson
Date…31[st] January 2023
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Independent examiner’s report to the trustees of The Hive Cornwall
I report to the charity trustees on my examination of the accounts of the Company for the year ended 31 March 2022.
Responsibilities and basis of report
As the charity’s trustees of the you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 2011 (‘the 2011 Act’).
Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the Company are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2018 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of your charity’s accounts as carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 (‘the 2011 Act’). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5) (b) of the 2011 Act.
Independent examiner’s statement
My examination was carried out in accordance with the general directions given by the Charity Commission. An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by the charity and a comparison of the accounts presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the accounts, and the seeking of explanations from you as trustees concerning any such matters. The procedures undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be required in audit and, consequently, no opinion is given as to whether the accounts present a “true and fair view" and the report is limited to those matters set out in the statement below.
Independent examiner's statement
In connection with my examination, no matter has come to my attention:
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which gives me reasonable cause to believe that, in any material aspect, the requirements
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a) to keep accounting records in accordance with section 130 of the 2011 Act; and
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b) to prepare accounts which accord with the accounting records, comply with the accounting requirements of the 2011 Act
have not been met; or
- to which, in my opinion, attention should be drawn in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.
Simon Beckham
Swell Accounting & Business Solutions
Dated: 31 January 2023
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Statement of Financial Activity
| Note Income and Endowments from Donations & Grants 2 Charitable Activities 3 Total Resources Expended Expenditure on: Raising funds 4 Charitable Activities 5/6 Total Net income/(expenditure) before transfers Total funds brought forward Total funds carried forward |
Unrestricted Funds Restricted Funds Total Funds 2022 Total Funds 2021 £ £ £ £ 849 252,167 253,016 116,600 0 0 0 16,652 |
|---|---|
| 849 252,167 253,016 133,252 |
|
| 0 0 0 0 0 69,791 69,791 85,824 |
|
| 0 69,791 69,791 85,824 |
|
| 849 182,376 183,225 47,428 |
|
| 33,252 14,176 47,428 0 |
|
| 34,101 196,552 230,653 47,428 |
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Statement of Financial Activity
(to 31/03/2021)
| Note Income and Endowments from Donations & Grants 2 Charitable Activities 3 Total Resources Expended Expenditure on: Raising funds 4 Charitable Activities 5/6 Total Net income/(expenditure) before transfers Total funds brought forward Total funds carried forward |
Unrestricted Funds Restricted Funds Total Funds 2021 £ £ £ 16,600 100,000 116,600 16,652 0 16,652 |
|---|---|
| 33,252 100,000 133,252 |
|
| 0 0 0 0 85,824 85,824 |
|
| 0 85,824 85,824 |
|
| 33,252 14,176 47,428 |
|
| 0 0 0 |
|
| 33,252 14,176 47,428 |
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981
Annual Report 2022
Balance Sheet
| Note Fixed Assets: Tangible Assets 13 Total Fixed Assets Current Assets: Debtors & prepayments 11 Cash at bank & in hand 18 Total current assets Liabilities: Creditors: amounts falling due within 12 months 10 Net current assets Total assets less current liabilities The funds of the charity Restricted income funds 16 Unrestricted funds 15 Total charity funds |
Total Funds 2022 £ 151,529 151,529 137 90,685 90,822 (11,698) 79,124 230,653 196,552 34,101 230,653 |
Total Funds 2021 £ 0 |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | ||
| 0 63,524 |
||
| 63,524 | ||
| (16,096) | ||
| 47,428 | ||
| 47,428 | ||
| 14,176 33,252 |
||
| 47,428 |
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2015) - (Charities SORP (FRS 102)), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006.
The financial statements were approved by the board on:
And signed on its behalf by:
Trustee: Matthew Thomson Date: 31[st] January 2023
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Statement of Cashflows
| Note Cash flows from operating activities: Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 16 Cash flows from investing activities Dividends, interest and rents from investments Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment Purchase of property, plant and equipment Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities Change in cash and cash equivalents in the reporting period: Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the reporting period 17 Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the reporting period 17 |
Total Funds 2022 Prior Period Funds 2021 £ £ 187,711 63,524 |
|---|---|
| 0 0 0 0 (160,550) 0 |
|
| (160,550) 0 |
|
| 27,161 63,524 63,524 0 90,685 63,524 |
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Notes to the Financial Statements
1. Accounting policies
Summary of significant accounting policies and key accounting estimates
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
Statement of compliance
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2015) - (Charities SORP (FRS 102)), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006.
Basis of preparation
The Hive Cornwall meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102. Assets and liabilities are initially recognised at historical cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant accounting policy notes.
Going concern
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. The trustees assess whether the use of going concern is appropriate i.e. whether there are any material uncertainties related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the ability of the Charity to continue as a going concern. The trustees make this assessment in respect of a period of one year from the date of approval of the financial statements.
Income and endowments
All incoming resources are included in the statement of financial activities when it is probable the charity will be entitled to the income and the amount can be quantified with reasonable accuracy.
Fund accounting policy
Unrestricted Income funds are general funds that are available for use at the trustees' discretion in furtherance of the objectives of the charity.
Further details of each fund are disclosed in notes 13, 14 and 15.
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
Incoming resources
Donations are recognised on a cash receipts basis.
Incoming resources from tax reclaims are included in the statement of financial activities when received. Income from charitable activities includes income earned, which is recognised when the related goods or services are provided.
Resources expended
Liabilities are recognised as soon as there is a legal obligation committing the charity to the expenditure. Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis where appropriate.
Charitable expenditure comprises those costs incurred by the charity in the delivery of its activities and services for its beneficiaries. It Includes both costs that can be allocated directly to such activities and those costs of an indirect nature necessary to support them.
Governance costs
Governance costs Include administrative expenses, costs of the preparation and examination of the statutory accounts, the costs of trustee meetings and the cost of any legal advice to trustees on governance or constitutional matters.
Support costs
Support costs include central functions but not administrative expenses and have been allocated to activity cost categories on a basis consistent with the use of resources.
Tangible fixed assets
Individual fixed assets costing £200 or more are initially recorded at cost, less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses.
Depreciation and amortisation
Depreciation is provided on tangible fixed assets so as to write off the cost or valuation, less any estimated residual value, over their expected useful economic life as follows:
Asset class Depreciation method and rate Leasehold Improvements 20 years Straight Line Plant and machinery 10 years Straight Line Motor vehicles 5 years reducing balance
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981
Annual Report 2022
2. Income from Donations & Grants
| Grants Donations Total |
Unrestricted Restricted 2022 Total 2021 Total £ £ £ £ 0 252,167 252,167 115,000 849 0 849 1,600 849 252,167 253,016 116,600 |
|---|---|
3. Income from Charitable Activities
| Provision of meals Total |
Unrestricted Restricted 2022 Total 2021 Total £ £ £ £ 0 0 0 16,312 |
|---|---|
| 0 0 0 16,312 |
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981
Annual Report 2022
4. Cost of Raising Funds
| 4. Cost of Raising Funds | |
|---|---|
| Costs of Raising Funds Fundraising Expenses Total |
Unrestricted Restricted 2022 Total 2021 Total £ £ £ £ 0 0 0 0 |
| 0 0 0 0 |
5. Cost of Charitable Activities
| Charitable Activities Meals and ingredients Packaging Equipment and Sundries Transport and Delivery Facilities Hire Vehicle Hire Light Heat & Power Advertising & Marketing Insurance Accountancy Fees Cleaning & Waste Disposal Consulting Depreciation IT Software and Consumables Vehicle Expenses Postage Printing and Stationery Repairs and Maintenance Training Subscriptions Total |
Unrestricted Restricted 2022 Total 2021 Total £ £ £ £ 0 5,892 5,892 23,753 0 0 0 2,963 0 22,605 22,605 11,269 0 13,025 13,025 9,573 0 0 0 11,737 0 9,900 9,900 16,895 0 0 0 2,234 0 456 456 0 0 0 0 442 0 2,160 2,160 540 0 120 120 188 0 5,566 5,566 2,100 0 9,021 9,021 0 0 0 0 511 0 302 302 583 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 2,367 0 0 0 249 0 0 0 60 0 744 744 346 |
|---|---|
| 0 69,791 69,791 85,824 |
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
6. Analysis of Support and Governance Costs
| Meals and ingredients Packaging Equipment and Sundries Transport and Delivery Facilities Hire Vehicle Hire Light Heat & Power Advertising & Marketing Insurance Accountancy Fees Cleaning & Waste Disposal Consulting Depreciation IT Software and Consumables Vehicle Expenses Postage Printing and Stationery Repairs and Maintenance Training Subscriptions Total |
Direct Support Governance 2022 Total £ £ £ 5,892 0 0 5,892 0 0 0 0 22,605 0 0 22,605 13,025 0 0 13,025 0 0 0 0 9,900 0 0 9,900 0 0 0 0 456 0 0 456 0 0 0 0 0 1,400 760 2,160 120 0 0 120 5,566 0 0 5,566 9,021 0 0 2,172 0 0 0 0 302 0 0 302 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 374 0 744 |
|---|---|
| 67,257 1,774 760 69,791 |
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
7. Net outgoing resources for the period
Net outgoing resources is stated after charging
Independent examiners remuneration
2022 Total 2021 Total £ £ 760 300
8. Trustee Remuneration
No Trustee received any remuneration for acting as a trustee during the current year. No Trustees were paid any expenses during the current year.
9. Employees
Employment costs 2022 Total 2021 Total £ £ Wages and salaries 0 Employee Numbers 2022 Total 2021 Total Charitable Activities 0
No employee received emoluments of more than £60,000
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981
Annual Report 2022
10. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
| Accounts Payable | 2021 2021 £ £ 11,698 16,096 |
|---|---|
| 11,698 16,096 |
11. Debtors and Prepayments
| Accounts Payable | 2022 2021 £ £ 137 0 |
|---|---|
| 137 0 |
12. Related Party transaction
There were no related party transaction in the period.
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981
Annual Report 2022
13. Tangible Fixed Assets
| 13. Tangible Fixed Assets | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leasehold | Plant & Motor |
Total | |||
| Improvements | Machinery Vehicles |
||||
| £ | £ | £ | £ | ||
| Cost | |||||
| At 1 April 2021 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Additions | 1,824 | 31,747 | 126,979 | 160,550 | |
| Disposals | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Transfers | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| At 31 March 2022 | 1,824 | 31,747 | 126,979 | 160,550 | |
| Depreciation | |||||
| At 1 April 2021 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Provided in Year | 101 | 8,315 | 605 | 9,021 | |
| On Disposals | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| At 31 March 2022 | 101 | 8,315 | 605 | 9,021 | |
| Net book value at 31 March 2022 | 1,723 | 23,432 | 126,374 | 151,529 | |
| Net book value at 1 April 2021 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 14. Analysis of net assets | between funds | ||||
| Current Period | Unrestricted | Restricted | Total | ||
| Funds | Funds | Funds | |||
| £ | £ | £ | |||
| Fund balances as at 31 March 2022 | as represented | ||||
| by: | |||||
| Tangible Fixed Assets | 0 | 151,529 | 151,529 | ||
| Current Assets | 45,799 | 45,023 | 90,822 | ||
| Current Liabilities and provisions | (11,698) | 0 | (11,698) | ||
| Total | 34,101 | 196,552 | 230,653 | ||
| Unrestricted | Restricted | Total | |||
| Previous Period | Funds | Funds | Funds | ||
| £ | £ | £ | |||
| Fund balances as at 31 March 2021 | as represented | ||||
| by: | |||||
| Tangible Fixed Assets | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Current Assets | 49,348 | 14,176 | 63,524 | ||
| Current Liabilities and provisions | (16,096) | 0 | (16,096) | ||
| Total | 33,252 | 14,176 | 47,428 |
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
15. Analysis of Unrestricted Funds
| At 1 April | Incoming | Outgoing | Transfers | At 31 March | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Resources | Resources | 2022 | ||
| £ | £ | £ | £ | £ | |
| Unrestricted | 33,252 | 849 | 0 | 0 | 34,101 |
| Fund | |||||
| At 14 | Incoming | Outgoing | Transfers | At 31 March | |
| February | Resources | Resources | 2021 | ||
| 2020 | |||||
| £ | £ | £ | £ | £ | |
| Unrestricted | 0 | 33,252 | (0) | 0 | 33,252 |
| Fund |
16. Analysis of Restricted Funds
| At 01 April | Incoming | Outgoing | Transfers | At 31 | March | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Resources | Resources | 2022 | |||
| £ | £ | £ | £ | |||
| Big Lottery- Revenue fund | 14,176 | 0 | 14,176 | 0 | 0 | |
| for provision of services and | ||||||
| organisational development | ||||||
| COMF-Cornwall Council | 0 | 251,167 | 54,615 | 196,552 | ||
| Sustainable Food Places- | 0 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 0 | 0 | |
| partnership development | ||||||
| 14,176 | 252,167 | 69,791 | 0 | 196,552 |
Of the £196,552 restricted reserves £151,528 is a depreciation reserve for assets purchased with restricted funds. The remaining £45,024 is cash held for future delivery and services.
| At 14 | Incoming | Outgoing | Transfers | At 31 | March | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| February | Resources | Resources | 2021 | ||||
| 2020 | |||||||
| £ | £ | £ | £ | ||||
| Big Lottery- Revenue fund | 0 | 100,000 | 85,824 | 0 | 14,176 | ||
| for provision of services and | |||||||
| organisational development | |||||||
| 0 | 100,000 | 85,824 | 0 | 14,176 |
Of the £14,176 restricted reserves £14,176 is cash held for future delivery and services
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The Hive Cornwall Charity Number 1187981 Annual Report 2022
17. Reconciliation of net income/(expenditure) to net cash flow from operating activities
| operating activities | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 2021 | |
| £ | £ | |
| Net income/(expenditure) for the reporting period (as per the | 183,225 | 47,428 |
| statement of financial activites) | ||
| Adjustments for: | ||
| Depreciation Charges | 9,021 | 0 |
| (Gains)/Losses on investments | 0 | 0 |
| Dividends, interest and rents from investments | 0 | 0 |
| Loss/(profit) on the sale of fixed assets | 0 | 0 |
| Increase/(decrease) in provision for liabilities | 0 | 0 |
| (Increase)/decrease in debtors | (137) | 0 |
| Increase/(decrease) in creditors | (4,398) | 16,096 |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 187,711 | 63,524 |
18. Analysis of cash and cash equivalents
| 2022 | 2021 | |
|---|---|---|
| £ | £ | |
| Cash in hand | 90,685 | 63,524 |
| Total cash and cash equivalents | 90,685 | 63,524 |
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