Charfty regIStra￿On number 1181279 PASSION FOR LEARNING ANNUAL REPORT AND UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 PASSION FOR LEARNING LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION frnste8S Mr5 D Clark Mr P R Johnson Mrs J Rich Mr C Gaskln Mrs C Mcconnell Charity number 1181279 Independ&nt èxamlner Sue Harris MAACA ChampionAWwoods ￿Mited 2nd Floor Refuge House 33-37 Wat8rgale Row Chester CH12LE PASSION FOR LEARNING CONTENTS Page Twslees, rgport 1- 10 lThYep8ndent exarnine¢s ￿port 11 staternent of ffinancial aolivities 12 Balance she&t 13 Notes lo the finandal statements 14-22 PASSION FOR LEARNING TRUSTEES. REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 The truslg88 pr8$8nt th&ir annual roport and flrnancial stat8m8nts for the year ènded 31 Derkmber 2023. The finandal statements have been wepared in accordance with the accountlng Policies set out In note 1 lo the finanaal s14lemenls and comply wllh the CIO'S governing documènt, the ChariU8s Act 2011 and "Accounting and Reporting by Charitles.. Statement of Re¢ommended Prac￿Ce appIl￿bI$ to chariti8s pr8p?ring th8ir account5 in accordanc8 wlth Iho Flnandal Reporting Standard appllcable In the UK and Republic of Ireland IFRS 102} leffecbve 1 January 20191 Oblectlves and aGtFvFtles Passlon for Learning is a charitable ￿cOrpor91ed org8ni5atlon, originally founded in 2011 to rgcnjit, tr8in and resouree Community volunteers lo support and inspire children to develop ambitions and become effectwe readers and leamers abl910 fvlfll their potential. Ourobi8cliv&s rsmain asssf out ouroonstil(thii.' Tho advanc8npiit of 8duc8b(In of chihlt8Tr &god up to end tnLludlng 16 yeRts by (buf ￿thou1 prejudico h) tho geneFBlily of the To￿￿01￿9) pmviding 8&sislanc¢i and support to school ag8 childre13 to d8V81op their ts8diiJg 8nd writing skllls,- ènd Any 8xcIusiv81y ¢h8ritsbl8 puws scconlFng to the law ol Engl8nd 6nd Wales that th& charity fruslees may In their-absoluta.dftserob'on deteftmine fmm-lim8 to ts'ffl8. Our miB$ion is lo make leamiw hjn by using an increasing rangè tsf dlversè but complementary activillès, experiences, r&sources, outings and events to enrich Ihg chlldren's l¢ves and Spark their curiosity about th8ii wodd. The imparts that W8 work lo achieve 8T6 d8signed to support chlldren to reach expected levels in line wlth their peers. The achievement gap continues lo widen, 8nd tnany children sirnply do not have the experiences that thsir mofft fortunate peers take for granted. These are the activities that widen our horizons. $ophisli¢ale our v0￿bular￿e3 alld give us th8 So￿al and ?[notion￿ too15 that we will need to succeed at school and in later life. Our funders. Sthools and famili98 (x)ntinue to appreciale that the experiencBs and 5UPPOrt that wp give the children are ￿tICal lo their development bul also dtfficul if fjol irnpossib18 for s¢hools lo providg given the d8rnands of the currlcldum and the strains on school budgets. Actlvltles The charity is forever indebted to a f8ntasllc team of volunteers who, together with staff who are passionate about the work that we do, enable Passion for Leaming to d81iv8r 8d&ctic mix of bespoke $etvices. Our rnmmunity volvnteers show a level of commitmeJ)t. ￿eXibilitY and reliability that 1$ ￿ltical lo enstsring that the children that we woth wtth get the be$1 possible exporience. Our train￿9 ensu￿$ that the volunteers get the ¥nlormalion and SUPPDri that they need lo do the best possible job ai?d they in tum become our eyes and ears in the comtnunity ensuring that we aTe 1è5ponsiv8 to the changing needs of our childrern Ènd families. Our approach lo re￿u1tsnenI is highly indltssve because we are QOTnmitted lo ensuring that we add va5ue to our Bommurkrtie5 by upskn11ing our volunteews and emp(Mering them to lead their own sessions and advocate for the needs and interests of the ¢hildren that they gel lo know so we55. In addition lo our volunteer workknce our partnership with local businesses, Charities and organisalions provides ys wth additional help and 8XP6rlise lo ensure thal we can offer the support roqui16d or slgnp051 èffpGtively as part ol community of care. We know our ¢onimuriilio$ 9Xtrornely well, but we 8lso look oulwards to identify new areas of need and depriv8tion as w911 as inwai(ts to ensure that we are alert lo emerging challenges within the communities that we Support. We know that the ¢hShJren that PÈssion for Learnlng's volunteers support typlcaHy lead very predicLable and Ilmiung liv6s wolh litde of the enrichment that help chlldreD to flourish. In addrtion to the impact on188fning. our childran's mental w811-b@ing 15 IAighted by a lack of opportunities to play oullloors and enjoy the natural enwronment that so many others are surrounded by. Many of th@ thildi6n that wa worf( wilh hav8 nèV@r been to a beach or loiest and few have ventuied fBr*iom thelr own small cornmun￿es. Passion ftsr Learning recognizes that lar loo many of our childr8n live ill 8pp311ingly c*allellging urwrnstances often dealing with the irnpaot ol poverty, rnental and physical ill Iiealth, domesUc abuse, drugs, alcohol and plethura ol Dlher i5sue5. The weight of responsibility and tra￿rna uTrdoubtedly itnp&cts on their own m8ntsi health and their need for rè5Pite to play. explore their own interests and be d)ildren is overwhelmlng. PASSION FOR LEARNING TRUSTEES, REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 For so many people holidays are an irnpossible dream and even relatively local Irip8 are a luxury Ihat they carsnot afford. The demands of large famllles, being a single pbrent. dealing with children with addilional needs and many other Ihings mean that a trip to the local park can be out ol the questiorn. Children wilh Iltlle or no experienc&s OLrtsidè Of thelr own tiny envlronmenls lack Ihe opportunity lo draw upon these activllies lo 6nrlch and enhan￿ their readlng, wrilng and, eruclally. verbal communir2tion ski115. In addition, the ¢hildren that we work with have no opportunrty to grow socially and émotionally and develop the behawours that they nèod to ¢ope with new situations, d8V81op problem solving skills and bec0ffl8 confldent adutts. In short. the thildren that wa wotk with are simply not able to flourish 8ducatsonally, Physi￿lIY or emotionally. Oui 1..1 SUPPDrt remains a core 5ervlce and an incrtrssing number Df schools aT8 appr08ching us to seek support lor their m05t vulnerable chlkjren. We continue to work tD Provide resour￿$. training and expe¥lerice$ for our volunteers lo ensksre that they have the best possible toolkit to support the very diverse range ol children that thèy work with. Increasingly our volunteers 8re supporting some ol the youngest childien, as woll as those in KS2, as s¢hool8 struggle wlth th8 impact ol the pandemi¢ on their youngest ¢hildren. In addluon lo our endless focus Dn rèadlng and lil¥ra¢y we work hard ID give children a range of maths and saencè atlivitles to slimulal8 their in18rest and give the children a range ol ¢onlexts for their raa(5ing and learning. In summer 2023 we said 9Dodby8 to the malonfy_ of the refugee childran that our volunteers had beerh SUPPOrting sin(x they airived in this country in an airtrft in septemb￿ 2022. The project provided bespoke resources and support lo help thg children to leam English 10ft8n from scratthl and become familiar with activ￿8￿, games and resources that many of them had never seen befo￿. The project was an outstanding success and the progress made was quite Incredible. Our Enrichment Club5 continua to be a wre seTrice and wè smply can'l generate the fvnding thal wè requirE fast enough lo meet the demand lor th858 dubs. Th6 impact of the en￿ChM&nl that we prowdo to the 300 childr8n that att8iid oui dub5 is incr6dibk with parents and schools 1611ing us that thg experience is that their shildren value above any other part of their week. A number of our partner businesses sponsor these clubs. but we need tnore. In addilion, rn(Ire of our partner5 pro￿de the chiltsren wilh inGredibl& t*xp¥rl¥iiL&ts Including visits lo their site5 to inspire fvturé 8mbilior15. One Slieh example is our L8w School Prolect in partnership with Ch8Stef Universlty whl¢h glves ehildren from enrrichment dubs the opportunity to debate and ullimatety {aller a niimber of Sessions wlth law student51 take part in a mo¢k trial (this year of Supem)anl to enable them lo act as a jury in a real court environmenl. The experi0n￿ erkrls wtth their'graduation,. Our famili8s, voluTri&ers and schools provide us wtth the knTrwledge thal we need lo targ8t our setwces on particular 15sues. Post pandernic il became very Glear that m8ny ol our children and fatnilies had become increasingly Isolated. Outdoor play had decreased and fafflille5 have lost confidence in venturing f31 from thèir Dwn hotn8s. Our Oukdoor Play PToject Gonlinues to impact on this15suè. We provided hundTeds of childr6N with the Ghance to spend a day outdoors expl￿1ng naluie and redis¢ov8ring th& fun that playing outside offers. The8e s655ion5 look pla bolh in the grounds of the schoo15 th&ms&lves and then 12S th8 children's eonfidence grew) in local parf(5 and nature re8erves. Where possible we included the parents providing a whde day, in a park that they Could walk lo, that wès fvll of ideas for them to enjoy nature with their children. These sessions were incredibly powlar, and fafflilies promded very positive fgedba¢k about the experien¢e8 and the collfiden¢6 that It gave them lo take their Children lo play ovtdooTS more often. Copiou5 research shows that experienL￿5 of the pandemic ha￿ aifver5dy impacted on the ¢hildron and tsmilies that we suptx>rt, and the achievpmenl gap 18 riow wider than ever. Increasingly. our childr8n have become more and more used lo being 2t home. The Gonfidence lo venture out is in short supply and sthoolB ar8 Struggling lo bridge the academie gap before they ever conslder the appa￿517g dearth Df enrithment that the pandemic 8nfotced on already vulnerablo catftmunit￿S. PASSION FOR LEARNING TRUSTEES. REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 Many ol the chldren that we work wth lack tha opportunwès thet open their 8y8S to th8 worfd outside of thelr own communities, 80 trips and outings are a mainstay ol our Wofk. This year the chikI￿n have bean to theatres, parks, larms, ffjslauranls, bookshops, big bu*nesses SUGh as Fqegatta and ￿ger Traileis a5 well as simple trips clos8 10 hom8 such 8S tha nuisery and recéption trips to th8 local supefmatkel lo choose and buy the fresh food required lo make th￿r snacL Every trip and experience that we provide indudes the glft of a book relevant lo that eXperI6￿Ce for the child to take home and yet again this year we have glven oth thousands of books tts our ￿M￿￿n[t18S. We continue to r8cognisÈ th8 impact of the cost of living crisis on our families and we are very aware DI the number of Child￿n who have litme a¢￿5$ to the r&sour¢es that they need at horne to p￿Y and learn. Every School holiday wè hsvts continued lo provid8 e￿r￿hMent bags lull of such resources to all of th8 Ch￿dren Ihal we SLtpporl weeWy. At Christmas we piovide around 500 such bags with art and craft materials, books and other little treats to help make the holiday special for our chli dren and their families. In 2023 we also coi)structed Santa's Worshop in Ouf Trinity H811 aTrd invitad schools and local lamli ies to come and enjoy a ran90 ol festive activities. Our aim is always to share our facilities with as many Children and young people as posslble so thls year we were approached by a spedal school providing edueatlon and 5UPPOrt for young people seriously slrL¥ggling wtEh mental heallh prob18ms. Th8 school now bring a small group or indi￿lua1 child lo our Trinity a¢tiV4ty hall lo enjoy a dlfferent setting and some simple a¢tivltie$ to enric* their day. Al Christmas we made thè docislon to provide all the school, ytsullg people and staff with a Christrna5 dinner and bespoke pre88rn& IOT evèry young person. The young people and staff desenFed this expèri8nc8 as a Tnajor highllghlTor everyone. We txnlinue lo have a major focus on grmng shildren the motivation that ihey need to priorrtise their leamlng and understand why reading and 16aming is itnportant for thelr future. Our focus on cai88rs contlTrU8S 3nd, as well as trips a￿d workshops from local businesses, our Careers Camival remains a flagship 8v8tit. Once again this year 300 children enjoyed a ￿11 day trying out 2 very wide range of excstsng activities provided by OLJr partner busiTres5es. Each year we work hard to connect with new partnefs and ofler thts Chlldrèn ss many experieiices as possib18 and thi5 year we w@rb dellglrted to welcome (amongst oth8rs} Liverpool and Everton FC as well 8$ 1010 games. The feedback from this evenl continues trp be OLrtslandirJg and every school recryni$e$ the value ol thls unlque opportunity th8 children who rarely get the opportunty to connect with the wodd of work that other children often have wrthin their extend￿ families. In 2023 we created a fantastic 8xp6rien¢e using our Imaginarium ar>d Trinity hall space lo inspire and develop chldren's literacy skills using threo high quality children's books. The space was used lo create what we called our 'Book Bariquet, in whith Childrei) were Immersed in three separatè wodds that tnatcli8d the setting lor each book. Th8 ehddreii became part of the story and took parl in activities that enriched their understanding of the story and the votsbulary that so many of our children stwggle to develop. Schools were universally enthu5iastlo about th8 opportunity leading us to èxtend the time that schools could att8nd from a 3 month p8riod to a 7 month period. Over 200 children that ￿m8 to this imrnersive &xperieiice w8re able to take home c￿e of the threè bcx)ks that we explored, to keep and share w51h their family. The amazing library that W8 have cr8at8d in our activty hall ￿ntinUeS to be a wonderful resource and all of the children that attend our sessions and actlvlties are encouraged to borrow books and sometlrne5 to take thern ho¥n8 to keep. To mak8 Maximum use of this resource w& now njrn a Reading Enrithmenl Club ev8ry Thursday that gives 30 children the chance lo enjoy our colledton, talk about their reading and enjoy trips lo bookshops and Iheatrts perfDmances that ltyik to Ihe books that we give them lo take home and keep. PASSION FOR LEARNING TRUSTEES, REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 W8 havè contlnued to use the activity hall al &very opportunity to engage our families and we now have a growing commurnity of some of the areas hardest lo rèach families that come lo our sessions throughout the year and during the s¢hool holidays. In the summer we provided both sessK)ns at Trir)ity and a trip each week to lake the who family to parfr 01 less. If not, they are presented as non-currenl liabllrties. Tmdo Creditors are ￿cOgnised initially at trans8Ctton pri￿ and subsequentty tnea5ured at amortls8d c05t Using the effective interest method. Dereeognltlon of flnknclal Ilabllttles Financi81 liabilities are der￿Ognised when the CIO'S contractual obligations expSre or are dis¢h8rged or cancelled. 1.10 Employee bonefits The costs of short-teFm ernployeo ben8ffts sre recogThi3ed a3 8 li*bility and an expenses, vnles8 those costs are required to be re¢ognised a5 part of the cost of stock or frxed assets. The cosl of ary urtused holiday enli￿eMerIt is recognlsed ITh the Pgriod in which the employee'$ $wwe8s are le￿Ived. Termination benefits are recognis8d iTrtrnedialely as an exp6nse whern the CIO is demonstrabty (x>tnmitted lo tènnlnale tha employm8nl of an èmployoe or lo provid@ t8nxination benefit8. 1.11 Retlrement beneffits Paymen1$ to deffned ¢onlribulion retirernent benefil $¢hemes are c*arged as an expense a$ they fall due. Ci>tical accounting esllmates and ludg6mènts Ill thp appllcation ol the CIO'5 8c¢ounling poll¢ies, the tmstee5 a￿ re4uSred to make judgements, estimates and 85sumptions about the carrying amount ol assels and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and assouated assumplions ar8 based on Iiistorical experience and other factors that ar& con5ider8d to be ielevanl. Actual resulls tnay diffeT frDm Ihese estimates. The estimates aml undedyng as$L¢mp*'Dns are re4riewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions lo a¢counling e51imateB ar8 recognised in the pE￿0d in which the estifftate Is iewsed where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of *h8 ievision and future periods where the revision affects both current gthd future Pgdods. 16- PASSION FOR LEARNING NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS {CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 Donatlon8 and legocleg Unreslrfctsd R￿tricI•d fund# fvnds Total Unfe8tr(ded Restricted funds funds Total 2023 2023 2023 2022 2022 2022 Donations and gifts Various grants Capital grdnts cO￿￿-19 support grants 23,350 139,920 23,350 416,170 15,000 18,864 144.110 18,864 411,868 276,250 15,000 267.758 75,000 75,000 163,270 291,250 454,520 237,974 267,758 505,732 Ineornè from ¢haritsble activlti08 Unrè$trictgd funds 2023 UTrrestsl¢ted funds 2022 Volunteer TulDr fees incoTn8 47,740 51,0(K) In¢omo from other tr7dlng actlvltle8 Unrestricted Unrestrlcted fvnds fund$ 2023 2022 Fundra15ing event5 21,359 Income from Investments Unre$trf¢tèd Unrèstrictsd funds funds 2023 2022 Interest re￿Ivable 2,888 263 17- PASSION FOR LEARNING NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 Expenditurn on ¢h2rltable a¢tiviti 2023 2022 Dlrect cogts Staff costs Enrichment dubs Other projects Volunteer5 Books and resources 214,582 31,700 4,723 6,148 20,984 192.593 2S.012 300 3.337 36.196 278,13S 257,438 Share of Support and gov8rnanc8 costs Ise6 notè 81 Support Gtsvernance 216,955 1,100 239,397 1,100 497,93S Ana￿y5￿5 by fund Unie51ricted fvnd5 Rtsslrfctèd funds 99,748 396,442 302,692 195,243 4%,190 497,935 Support costs Support Governance ¢osts costs 2023Support co¥ls Governance costs 2022 St8ff costs Depreciztlon Adtninlslration Insuran Broadband and website AdveTbsin9 Travel B8nk Gharges Legal and professional Relit 113,254 10,142 17,225 2,491 14,070 305 24,148 48 1.904 33,36e 113,254 10,142 17,225 2,491 14,070 305 24,148 48 1,904 33,368 154.280 10,519 15,858 2,471 10,930 491 9.249 28 2,492 33,079 154.280 10,519 15,858 2,471 10,930 491 9.249 28 2.492 33.079 ExaminaliDn lees 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,1 216,955 1,100 218.055 239.397 1.1(M) 240,497 Analysed belw@8ri Ch8rilable activilles 216,955 1,100 218,055 239,397 1,100 240,497 Govemance costs inGludes payrnents to the accounlanls ol £1,100 for independent examinafjon lees. PASSION FOR LEARNING NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 Tru8teè8 One of trusl8gs (who are also key management per50rhn811 ￿CeIved rèmun8fdlion in amount of £44,000 12022.,£44,(M)01 during the year and were abso relmbursed a total of £1,3(M)12022'. nif) In travplling expens8s and £1,20312022'. nil) in ggneral expense. 10 Enwloye88 The average monthly number of trmploye8s during the year was.. 2t123 Number 2022 Number Total 19 19 Employment costs 2023 2022 Wages and salArfes Social sgturity costs other pension costs 303.300 18.523 6.013 320.757 20,138 5,978 327,836 346,873 There were iio eiiiployee5 whose 8nnual remurneraiion was more than £60,(YJO. q1 Other expondI￿r* Unre$trlctsd Unre$tri¢tod fund5 funds 2023 2022 Net loss on disposal of tangibl8 )Ixed assèts 31 31 12 Taxatlon The d)arity is ex8mpt from taxation on its actiwties because au its income is applied for tharit8ble purposes. 19- PASSION FOR LEARNING NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 13 Tanglble fixed gssets Pknl And Motor vohjolos Total Cost At 1 January 2023 AdditiDns Dlsposals 9,952 52,927 22,000 62.879 22,000 19861 1986} Al 31 De¢ember 2023 8.966 74,927 83.893 Dopreciation and Impairniènt At 1 January 2023 DepreciatK)n charged in the year El'minaled in respect ol disposas 4,604 925 1263 16,008 9,217 20,812 10,142 12631 Al 31 0ec8rnb8r 2023 5.266 25,225 30.491 Carrylng amount Al 310bcembtrr 2023 3,700 49,702 53,402 Al 31 December 2022 5,348 36,919 42,267 14 ￿bt0 2023 2022 Amtsunts falllng due wlthin ono year. Trade dgblors Prep3yments and ac(XU8d income 2.800 242 242 3,299 IS Credltors: amounts falling Efue wlthln one year 2023 2022 Other tsxation and sodal security Trade Gredilots Other creditors A(truals a17d deferred income 6.749 2.833 248 1,100 6,e21 1,317 25 1,100 10.930 9,063 20- PASSION FOR LEARNING NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 16 Rèstricted fund8 The restricted ￿ndS of the chartty comprise the unexpended balan￿3 of donalons 8rKI grants held on fmsl subject to Epe¢ific conditions by donoTY a510 how they may bg use(*. Movement In funds Movement In funds Incomlng Ro$oU￿8 Balan¢0 at Incornlng R&%ourc Balance at r8sour¢È$ exppnded 1 January resour¢•s èxpended 31 Do¢•M￿r 2023 2Q23 at • January 2022 Stève Morgan Foundation- Staff Costs BFSS BBC CIN- Enrichment costs Cheshire Community FoundafiOTr- EnrlChrn￿I costs FDyle Foundabon- Books and resourcès Weslminister Foundation- Staff and enrichrnenls costs Che5hlre West and Chester Council- Elettric Car mCAl￿ne Foundatiorh Nineveh Trust- Forest Schools Severn Trent Water. P4ature Days Proje The Clothworkers Foundation- Port Vart 130.333 1130.3331 156,250 1156.2501 10,000 110,0001 8.7Cq) lo,￿0 19,0001 9,700 10,000 114.7001 5,000 14,568 10,000 13,3331 21,235 121,235} 17.000 17,000 117,CX)QI 45.299 loo,000 146,SOOI 98,799 100,(X)0 1157,1331 41,686 20,904 (4,1811 12171 16,723 5,783 13,3451 15,1831 13,378 6,000 2,000 11,2881 712 17121 9.425 13911 9.D34 19,0341 15,0(K) 11,2501 13.750 106,471 287,758 1195,2431 178.986 291,250 (396.4421 73,794 17 Anatysls of nèt assets betsve&n funds Unrestrioted funds 2023 Restrfcted funds 2023 Total 2023 Fund balances at 31 Dècember 2023 are ropr•sèntetl by: Tangible assets Current asSet$lllia￿lltiesI 26,274 212,948 27,128 46,666 53,402 259,614 239,222 73.794 313.018 21 PASSION FOR LEARNING NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 17 Analysis of net Bs3ets bBtwè8n f￿ndS Icontinuedl Unrestricted funds 2022 Restricted funds 2022 Total 2022 Fund bulan¢es at 31 December 2022 are r￿TeSented by: Tanglblts asset5 C￿r￿nt assetsllliabilitiesl 25,544 78,200 18,723 162,263 42.267 240,463 103.744 178,988 282,730 18 Operatlng leasè commititi8nts Lèsse• At the ￿pOr￿ng end date the CIO had ou151andiiig commitments for future minimum lease payrnenl$ und81 non-cancellable operating lease5, whiGh fall duè as follows.. 2023 2022 thin one y88r Be￿een two and fwe y?at5 730 2,919 730 730 3,649 19 Related party transactkons There were no disclosab18 felatetl paty Iran8adions dLSring the year. -22-