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2022-03-31-accounts

CHARITY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 1164778

AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION Financial Statements For the year ended 31 March 2022

AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Financial Statements

Year ended 31 March 2022

Pages
Trustees' annual report 1 to 11
Independent auditor's report to the members 12 to 15
Statement of financial activities 16
Statement of financial position 17
Statement of cash flows 18
Notes to the financial statements 19 to 28

AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report

Year ended 31 March 2022

The trustees present their report and the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 March 2022.

Reference and administrative details

Registered charity name AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION
Charity registration number 1164778
Principal office 76 Elmer Road
Catford
London
SE6 2ER
The trustees E Wassonko
J Mashatte
E Mabonga (Appointed - 18/08/2022)
M Nsaale
E Mohamed
S Jauhar
S Amini (Resigned - 04/07/2022)
J Oliech (Appointed - 04/07/2022)
Chief Executive Officer A Baziwe
Chair S Jauhar (Trustee)
Treasurer E Wassonko (Trustee)
Secretary J Mashatte (Trustee)
Auditor Eric & Co.
Chartered Certified Accountants & Statutory Auditors
87 Tylecroft Road
London
SW16 4BJ
Bankers National Westminster
P.O Box 159
332 High Holborn
London
WC1V 7AS
Solicitors Pothecary Witham Weld Solicitors
70 St. George's Square
London
SW1V 3RD

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

Structure, Governance and Management

Africa Advocacy Foundation (AAF) is a charity established in 1996. Until March 2016 it was registered as both an unincorporated charity with Charities Commission (Registration number 1059268) and as a company limited by guarantee (Registration number 5180907) with Companies House. In December 2015, in order to simplify the structure of the organisation and with the introduction of the Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO) status, the trustees decided to cease its previous registrations and incorporate AAF with the Charity Commission as a CIO (Registration number 1164778).

Governing Document:

The legal status of the charity is that of a Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO) which is subject to its governing document, the Constitution that took effect on 9th December 2015.

Recruitment and Appointment of New Trustees:

AAF governance is the responsibility of the Board of Trustees who are elected and co-opted by members at the annual general meeting in accordance with the Constitution. The Trustees come from diverse backgrounds, skills, expertise, and experiences.

Induction and Training of New Trustees:

AAF new trustees undergo orientation on their legal obligations under charity law, the aims and objectives of the charity, its governing frameworks, decision-making processes, strategic plans, and financial performance. All trustees are issued with a trustee pack and attend in-house and external training relevant to their roles.

Partnerships:

AAF works with a range of partners including community groups, faith centres, voluntary organisations, local authorities, academic institutions, government departments, corporate partners, think tanks and collaborative agencies relevant to AAF aims, mission, vision, and values.

Organisational structure and decision-making:

AAF has in place an experienced team of Trustees with a diverse range of skills and backgrounds who governs the Charity. The Trustees are responsible for setting strategies and policies and ensuring that they are implemented. To ensure that the objectives of the organisation are met and in order to increase efficiency among trustees, each Trustee is assigned to a sub-committee i.e., Service Delivery & Welfare, Finance and Fundraising and Policy and Advocacy. AAF Chief Executive is appointed by the Trustees to manage the day-to-day operations of the charity. To facilitate effective operations, the Chief Executive has delegated authority, within terms of delegation approved by the Trustees, for operational matters including finance, employment, and related activities.

Volunteers:

Volunteers play a very important role in AAF work and are an integral part of our service delivery model. We recruit, train, and deploy volunteers with a diverse range of experience, skills and backgrounds in terms of faith, culture, language and those with lived experiences.

We are grateful for the immense contribution and dedication of our local and international volunteers who have supported our community health campaigns, outreach, support groups, interpretation services, information, advice and guidance, mentoring, facilitating HIV and support sessions on FGM, sexual and reproductive health, young people, elderly people's activities, training, and policy work.

AAF supports all volunteers in their roles and receive regular feedback on their performance. Volunteers are also provided with opportunities for training and are formally recognised with awards at various times including our main charity events.

Risk Management:

The Trustees have a risk management strategy, which comprises:

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

The Trustees have assessed the risks to which the charity may be exposed with particular reference to those relating to the operations and finances of the charity. Systems are in place to ensure that all risks are recorded for subsequent monitoring and review. In the meantime, the Trustees remain satisfied that all insurable risks have been identified and adequately dealt with and that the charities exposure to other risks is kept at a minimum by good working practice and guidelines.

Objectives and Activities

AAF Mission:

AAF mission is to provide practical, social, training and community support to those who are marginalised, disadvantaged, vulnerable, facing violence, living in poverty and in poor health particularly within black migrant communities primarily in the UK, other parts of Europe and Africa.

We work towards these goals by facilitating appropriate access to services and placing the beneficiaries at the centre of our work and by promoting diversity and choice.

AAF Objectives:

Our Values:

AAF is committed to the following values that underpin our standards and determine how we undertake our activities:

Our Strategic Aims and Objectives for 2022-2025:

To develop AAF as a leading community voluntary organisation that can influence service delivery and policy and issues impacting on black and other underserved communities in the UK and across Europe by 2025.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

These include:

The Essence of AAF

Grant Making:

Africa Advocacy Foundation does not give grants but accepts donations in furtherance of its aim and objectives.

This year however, AAF is delighted to have become an intermediary technical partner of Comic Relief to deliver the Global Majority Fund. The initiative is aimed at communities experiencing racial and other inequalities and disproportionately impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic and AAF is distributing grants of between £5,000 and £15,000 to London, Kent and Surrey based grassroots organisations working to address racial injustice, violence, poverty, disability, mental ill-health. and other long-term conditions.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

Public Benefit:

The Trustees of AAF are required to comply with the duty in section 4 of the Charities Act 2006 and consider the Charity Commission's general guidance on public benefit, "Charities and Public Benefits" AAF activities are consistent with national and local strategies and action plans to enhance health and wellbeing, education, and social care services. AAF activities promote positive health and social outcomes sustainable independence of service users and to promote equality and diversity. We are committed to safeguarding children and vulnerable adults from harm and isolation. We work to empower and encourage our clients to actively lead on activities and processes that improve their circumstances and positively contribute to their communities.

Achievements and Performance

The Trustees consider the Charity Commission's guidelines on public benefit, including 'Public benefit: running a charity' (PB2) when planning the charity's objectives and activities

AAF has a strong track record of providing specialist services for black and other racially minoritised communities who are experiencing health, social and economic barriers, and disadvantages amongst others.

During the year, the Charity delivered a diverse range programme aimed at lessening the impact of Covid-19 on individuals, families, and communities we work with. We also recorded improvement in our capacity to respond appropriately and effectively to cases of violence against women and girls in a timely and satisfactory manner. Furthermore, AAF recorded improvements in our sexual and reproductive health work and delivered a range of activities to enhance the capacity of staff and volunteers to support. We also supported initiatives to strengthen the capacity of grassroot organisations working with racially minoritised communities to deliver much needed support to their beneficiaries during and post Covid-19 lockdowns.

Highlights:

Specific Activities Delivered this year:

1. Preventing Violence Against Women & Girls & Campaign Against Harmful Practices

AAF VAWG work is aimed at empowering women and girls by creating safe spaces for those who have experienced or are at risk of experiencing any form gender-based violence including harmful

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

cultural practices and providing the tools and resources they need to move forward with their lives and live to their full potential, using their experiences as a source of power as opposed to an area of perceived weakness.

During the year we worked with different categories of women including those who are survivors, or at risk of domestic violence, harmful traditional practices such as FGM and other forms of gender-based violence. Beneficiary groups included unaccompanied girls, undocumented migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers including those with no recourse to public funds (NRPF).

We delivered 5 different VAWG Projects including the Uzima, Hidden Voices, Domestic Abuse, VAWG Covid-19 and Revive Projects. Activities included: -

One of the charity’s achievements this year has been better understanding of the scope of domestic violence and other forms of gender-based violence and the unique needs of the diverse black and other racially minoritized women amongst the key stakeholders and communities we work with. We have also ensured that the voices of our service users' voices continue to be heard. We are passionate and motivated to be part of the change to end VAWG.

Over the years AAF teams have worked hard to build trust within the diverse communities we serve and continue to encourage and facilitate open conversations around VAWG, calling out misogynistic views and behaviours while supporting women and girls to reduce risk, understand and disclose experiences of violence. We have worked on optimising the mental health and wellbeing of our beneficiaries. We have worked on issues of VAWG and migration by ensuring that migrant women with no recourse to public funds are appropriately supported while those who have been placed in inadequate housing to be moved to better accommodation. We have supported service users to build social and supportive networks, gain employment and/or education, parental support and access to culturally appropriate counselling/therapeutic services whilst remaining free from financial hardship.

We organised specific community workshops to explore different forms of gender-based violence and sexual exploitation; the cultural, psychological, and social ramifications that come with taking action or disclosing. Participants developed a deeper understanding of the physical and psychological impacts and responses such as post-traumatic stress disorder, mental health effects, self-injury and eating disorders, and how to respond sensitively and appropriately to disclosures. We also examined the myths and realities of gendered violence within a framework of violence against women and girls. Some of the videos can be viewed from the links below:

AAF teams organised International Women's Day and International Zero Tolerance on FGM Day events featuring beneficiaries with lived experiences and professional key speakers. We explored ethnicity and race, feminism, womanism anthology, self-care, street safety and showcased an FGM Play featuring three young women with lived experiences to heighten awareness. We have also distributed audio and subtitled poetry videos from the anthology book made to cater to both the deaf and blind communities on all social platforms. Our International Women's Day Gender Bias Discussion and a woman is a woman video can be viewed from the links below:

We liaised with local VAWG agencies such as Athena, women’s Aid, Gaia Centre and Brooks for

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

further support. Our social media work has included collaboration with universities such Goldsmiths, Birmingham, and Nottingham to the profile of our young women’s VAWG work and to recruit beneficiaries and volunteers. We have our poetry anthology videos on YouTube, and plan delivering our podcast series on Spotify and Apple Music next year. We have also developed a series of Instagram live events as well as developing content for our TikTok that best educates those interested in learning about gender-based violence.

Over the next year, we plan to record and publish podcast series featuring experiences of our young women with a range of episodes that are voiced stories, followed by discussed elements with guest speakers on the challenging topics that arise. We also plan and public art exhibition with pieces that reflect how beneficiaries perceive themselves including body mapping.

We will be hosting an event focusing on self-love and relationships to equip our beneficiaries with the knowledge needed to choose healthy and functioning relationships, with emphasis on safety, trust, and policy.

We will also explore new partnerships to enhance on our experience and shared learning opportunities for our beneficiaries as well as continuing to provide accredited training to our beneficiaries as VAWG champions to continue providing cultural, language and faith competent services plan.

We are grateful to Comic Relief, City Bridge Trust, the National Community Lottery Fund, The Henry Smith Charity, BBC Children in Need, Lloyds Bank Foundation, Lambeth Council, and MOPAC for funding our various VAWG projects.

2. Sexual and Reproductive Health.

a) HIV Prevention, Testing and Linkage to Care

This year we delivered a 5 different HIV prevention, awareness and testing programmes including 3 Fast Track Cities, of HIV Prevention England, PrEP Awareness and HIV Peer Support projects. Activities delivered have included.

AAF delivered The Positive Champions, Faithworks, and Volt Homeless Testing Projects Under Fast Track Cities. We know getting diagnosed early can make a huge difference in one’s health if they have HIV. By having people share their stories about living with HIV and the risk of HIV we encourage more people to get tested. And we can help get them treatment so they can keep living a full and healthy life.

Under positive Fast Track Cities Champions Project, AAF and NAM Aidsmap offer the chance for people to share the truth about HIV, encourage testing and speak up, especially about why it’s so important for people from African communities to test for HIV. This project also offers community-based testing in a range of locations in southeast London. We have produced over 15 videos www.hivtesthome.com viewed by over 40,000 people online, delivered over 1,214 in person tests and distributed 412 self-test kits. We diagnosed 5 with HIV and linked them to treatment.

Under the Faithworks Project, AAF, NAZ and the Jewish Aids Trust delivered HIV testing events within 10 faith community settings across Greater London and as well process education and training as raising of 50 faith leaders’ awareness on matters relating to HIV and PLWHIV. We delivered over 223 HIV tests resulting in 2 reactive tests, engaged 2268 community members and trained 10 community champions and distributed over 3000 resources. We also co-produced an HIV and faith specific training programme for Jewish, Christian and Muslim communities with involvement of faith leaders - 7 -

AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

and members of their congregations. We have developed content for social media as well as recording “soundbites “used in training sessions.

We worked with Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust to deliver the Volt Project aimed and working with people in homeless shelters to increase HIV testing and support. People experiencing homelessness are among the most vulnerable and isolated in our society, with the poorest health outcomes. Testing in homeless shelters is currently very low and making it easy to get tested we can diagnose more people sooner and help them get treatment, so they don’t develop serious illnesses. We currently work with 5 homeless shelters and have delivered over 154 HIV in person HIV and Syphilis tests with 6 Syphilis and 1 HIV diagnosis.

AAF continue to advocate for PrEP and is sustaining PrEP and Prejudice campaign, a PrEP awareness initiative targeting black African communities in the UK. We are working closely with Lewisham Public Health to deliver PrEP to local communities. by developing tailored and culturally appropriate messaging, building capacity promoting and enhancing PrEP access within BA communities in Lewisham. Activities delivered have included outreach to hairdressers, barbers etc 4 community radio engagements i.e., interview, Q&A sessions, 4 PrEP discussion podcasts, 8 Facebook live events, jingle promotions across 4 community radio stations and social media promotion of “Why I use PrEP video” and why PrEP might be for you” in 6 different languages. We have also trained, trained PrEP Champions, and developed posters, leaflets, and flyers for the campaign.

As part of the HIV Prevention England led by Terrence Higgins Trust; AAF has a dedicated HIV testing and face to face engagement within the heterosexual and LGBTQ+ black African and Caribbean communities. This year we delivered a total of 716 HIV tests and were able to diagnose 3 individuals who have linked to HIV care.

We are grateful to Fast Track Cities London, HIV Prevention England and Lewisham Council for the funding provided to deliver these programmes.

b) HIV Support Services:

AAF provides culturally appropriate person-centered psychosocial support to our beneficiaries who are living with HIV long-term. This includes assessments, information, advice and guidance, counselling as well as newly diagnosed and self-management courses. We also provide a safe space for our beneficiaries to share experiences, advocacy, employment support, signposting, and referrals.

AAF HIV peer support remains a core area of AAF service delivery. We run the largest HIV peer support service in South London accessed by around 30-40 individuals weekly. Our services are friendly, non-judgmental, and confidential and are usually led or facilitated by beneficiaries trained as mentors and peer advisors. During the year under review, we had to deal with the impact of Covid-19 and ensure that our beneficiaries who had been disengaged from in person group events as well as those returning were provided with adequate support to continue accessing the service. We delivered 12 newly diagnosed training sessions, 49 peer support group sessions and actively worked with 412 HIV individuals living with HIV in London.

AAF was involved in several initiatives to increase HIV prevention, literacy, patient rights and Quality of Life including Knowledge is Power initiative by ViiV Healthcare, Find Your Four by Gilead Sciences and 50 over 50 by MSD UK.

Our peer support services remain much needed service by our HIV patient community, and we are looking forward to improving the service to ensure it remains relevant and addresses the changing needs of people living with HIV including addressing issues stigma and discrimination, criminalisation and asserting rights and effective HIV management as individuals age with HIV.

We are grateful to Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, MSD UK, Ester Lauder, Vodafone and Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham Councils for supporting us to deliver this important service.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

3. Community React Fund

Our Community React Fund programme funded by Comic Relief’s Global Majority Fund had allocated a total of £200,372 in grants to 32 frontline community organisations working in London, Kent and Surrey as part of the Comic Relief Global Majority Fund to relieve the impact of Covid-19 on racially minoritised communities during the 18 months with a further £42,000 earmarked for top-up grants in the next 6 months.

These organisations mainly support migrants, particularly those migrants with no recourse to public funds. The grants allocated ranged from £3,000 - £15,000, depending on income of the organisation and size of project. The 28 of the grantees are based in London, 2 in Surrey, 1 in Kent and 1 in London. The 32 organisations had by March 2022 collectively engaged and supported 2633 direct beneficiaries supported by 187 volunteers delivering over 26,200 hours in staff and volunteering time. Many of the grantees depended highly on the support of volunteers to be able to meet the high degree of demand by individuals and communities they support.

We also undertook capacity building programmes for grantees focusing on governance, financial management and fundraising and provided weekly funding update, grant application surgeries and matching grantees with fundraisers.

We are delighted to be an intermediary partner and thank Comic Relief and its partners the National Emergency Trust, Esmee Fairbairn, Clothworkers Foundation for creating the Global Majority Fund programme and for involving us.

4. Policy and Advocacy:

a) Mi-Health Europe.

AAF presently recognised as one of the leading organisations working with migrants in Europe to address health inequalities and existing barriers to prevention, testing and treatment of infectious diseases especially HIV, viral Hepatitis and TB. Migrants continue to be disproportionately affected by infectious diseases and experience a range of injustices including racism, xenophobia, hate, violence, abuse of fundamental rights, discrimination and denial of services.

We have launched Mi-Health Europe in June 2020 as policy and advocacy collaborative and community of practise network to strengthen the capacity of migrants and migrant led organisations to influence healthcare policy and practice.

Our vision is a Europe in which each migrant can realise a healthy and safe life. We work to promote an inclusive, empowered European community of frontline migrant organisations capable of influencing policy, leading on initiatives for migrants and collaborating and sharing best practice and expertise. We have developed the Mi-Health web platform www.mihealtheurope.org which began in January 2021 we have achieved the following to date:

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

are working on making them in available in the other languages of the MI-Health website i.e., Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish and Russian.

We have formed a Community of Practice called Mi-Health HIV Partnership, a collaborative of 10 frontline organisations across 10 European countries i.e., Belgium, Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, and the UK. The project aims to advance HIV knowledge, testing and treatment and other barriers to healthcare access that disproportionately impact migrants. We are developing culturally appropriate messaging, conducting 3000 HIV tests among various migrant communities, and gathering data on the healthcare rights and barriers that migrants are facing in real time across the region, as well as fostering community exchange forums to share best practice and expertise.

We have established the terms of reference for the Policy and Research Working Group and continue to work on drafting a needs assessment to roll out to partner organisations across the MiHealth collaborative.

We are grateful to the Open Society Foundations for the grant to launch Mi-Health Europe. We thank MSD Europe, ViiV Healthcare Europe for funding Mi-Health Europe and Mi-Care Training programme. We thank Gilead Sciences Europe for funding Mi-Health HIV Partnership through its Zeroing In programme.

b) Nobody Left Outside Initiative

AAF is a founder member of the NLO Initiative, www.nobodyleftoutside.eu a collective collection of organisations representing people in some of the most marginalised communities in Europe, who are underserved with respect to healthcare. These communities include homeless people, LGTBI people, people who use drugs, prisoners, sex workers and undocumented migrants. We have worked with our partners to author a Covid-19 briefing paper, a BMJ opinion article a series of podcasts, an open letter on vaccine equity and a quarterly newsletter

We previously developed a Service Design Checklist to improve health service provision for underserved populations, several webinars and collaborated with WHO and the EU commission to address a range of concerns regarding migrants and other key populations. We are grateful to MSD Europe for the education grant to deliver the initiate and to Dentons Global Advisors for the strategic support.

c) One Voice Network

AAF is acting as a lead agency for One Voice Network (OVN) a collaborative policy network in June 2020 by a group of frontline organisations to address health inequalities experienced by Black people in the UK, particularly those affected by the HIV epidemic. This year we have been successful in securing grant from City Bridge Trust’s Cornerstone Fund to work on the development phase of our Unheard Voices project aimed ending structural inequalities by ensuring Black communities living with or at risk of HIV can hold decision-makers to account, influence actions and become part of the decision-making process. We want to see healthcare and support systems which offer equitable standards of care for Black communities and ensures no disproportionate impact of HIV or HIV related stigma and discrimination.

5. Research and Innovation:

AAF is collaborating with University College London and Kings College London to enhance research and involvement in research by black communities. One of the research projects AAF is involved in is

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Trustees' Annual Report (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

a study of the demographic, clinical, social, and biologic risk factors for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus (DM) and multiple long-term conditions i.e., diabetes, cardiovascular disease [CVD: coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke]) and their relationship with mental health in black African/Caribbean people diagnosed with HIV infection.

The second project with Kings College London called HIDDEN is aimed at creating awareness and promoting screening in within black communities including faith centres and community venues.

We are also working with Kings College Hospital and UCL on exploring attitudes, perceptions, believes towards COVID-19 among BAME communities, including impact of misinformation, with specific focus on Black African, Black British, Black Caribbean population.

6. Training:

Each year, deliver a range of training to develop the capacity building and skills of our volunteers, community champions, advocates and community and faith leaders to enhance reach and involvement of communities we work with. Training delivered this year include. Community Champions training; Newly Diagnosed HIV Patients Courses, Self-Management Courses - adherence, doctor patient relationships etc.

We also delivered training courses focusing on life skills, job access skills, volunteering, work placement, support into paid work and further education. This year, we trained 176 Community champions across our services. We also provided specialist training on FGM and other cultural practices to 381 professionals.

Financial review

Reserves policy

The Finance Committee of the Board of Trustees review the reserve policy of the organisation annually. Their decision on the level of reserve depends on the level of unrestricted funds available. For this year they decided that the current level of reserve should be maintained at least at a level equivalent to approximately three months' expenditure. The trustees consider that reserves at this level will ensure that, in the event of any significant drop in the organisation's funding, they will be able to continue AAF's current activities while consideration is given to ways in which additional funds may be raised.

The amount of total funds held as at 31 March 2022 was £999,004 (2021: £922,004). The amount of restricted funds held as at 31 March 2022 was £312,541 (2021: £312,017).

Principal funding sources

Funding was obtained from a variety of sources, as detailed in the report, with a mix of both statutory and non-statutory donors and supporters. The charity’s statement of financial activities is set out on page 16 and shows total incoming resources of £1,125,321 (2021: £1,020,155). For the year, there was net income resources of £77,000 (2021: £241,519). Resources expended £1,048,321 (2021: £778,636). All AAF's assets are held for the furtherance of its objectives and are adequate and sufficient to meet its objectives.

The trustees' annual report was approved on 22 December 2022 and signed on behalf of the board of trustees by:

S Jauhar Trustee - Chair

E Wassonko Trustee - Treasurer

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of AFRICA ADVOCACY

FOUNDATION (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION (the 'charity') for the year ended 31 March 2022 which comprise the statement of financial activities, statement of financial position, statement of cash flows and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the charity in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the trustees' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the charity's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the trustees with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The trustees are responsible for the other information. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements, or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the charity and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the trustees' report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Charities Act 2011 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

Responsibilities of trustees

As explained more fully in the trustees' responsibilities statement, the trustees are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the trustees are responsible for assessing the charity's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the trustees either intend to liquidate the charity or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.

As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs (UK), we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the charity's members, as a body, in accordance with section 144 of the Charities Act 2011 and regulations made under section 154 of that Act. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the charity's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charity and the charity's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Eric Ashong (Senior Statutory Auditor)

For and on behalf of Eric & Co. Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditors 87 Tylecroft Road London SW16 4BJ

Date: 28/12/2022

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Statement of Financial Activities

Year ended 31 March 2022

2022 2021
Unrestricted Restricted
funds funds Total funds Total funds
Note £ £ £ £
Income and endowments
Donations and legacies 4 54 54 15,303
Charitable activities 5 204,365 920,847 1,125,212 1,004,779
Investment income 6 55 55 73
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Total income 204,474 920,847 1,125,321 1,020,155
================================= ================================= =========================================== ===========================================
Expenditure
Expenditure on charitable activities 7,8 127,998 920,323 1,048,321 778,636
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Total expenditure 127,998 920,323 1,048,321 778,636
================================= ================================= =========================================== ===========================================
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Net income and net movement in funds 76,476 524 77,000 241,519
================================= ================================= =========================================== ===========================================
Reconciliation of funds
Total funds brought forward 609,987 312,017 922,004 680,485
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Total funds carried forward 686,463 312,541 999,004 922,004
================================= ================================= =========================================== ===========================================

The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities.

The notes on pages 19 to 28 form part of these financial statements.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Statement of Financial Position

31 March 2022

2022 2021
Note £ £ £
Fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets 15 331,967 342,338
Current assets
Debtors 16 81,708 41,032
Cash at bank and in hand 1,615,512 1,113,932
------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
1,697,220 1,154,964
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 17 1,030,183 575,298
------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Net current assets 667,037 579,666
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Total assets less current liabilities 999,004 922,004
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Net assets 999,004 922,004
================================= =================================
Funds of the charity
Restricted funds 312,541 312,017
Unrestricted funds 686,463 609,987
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Total charity funds 21 999,004 922,004
================================= =================================

These financial statements were approved by the board of trustees and authorised for issue on 22 December 2022, and are signed on behalf of the board by:

E Wassonko Trustee - Treasurer

The notes on pages 19 to 28 form part of these financial statements.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Statement of Cash Flows

Year ended 31 March 2022

2022 2021
£ £
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income 77,000 241,518
Adjustments for:
Depreciation of tangible fixed assets 11,820 11,458
Government grant income (14,750)
Other interest receivable and similar income (55) (73)
Interest payable and similar charges 348 468
Accrued (income)/expenses (14,086) 67,469
Changes in:
Trade and other debtors (80,108) 52,204
Trade and other creditors 508,403 463,868
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Cash generated from operations 503,322 822,162
Interest paid (348) (468)
Interest received 55 73
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Net cash from operating activities 503,029 821,767
================================= =================================
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of tangible assets (1,449)
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Net cash used in investing activities (1,449)
================================= =================================
Cash flows from financing activities
Government grant income 14,750
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Net cash from financing activities 14,750
================================= =================================
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 501,580 836,517
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 1,113,932 277,415
------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 1,615,512 1,113,932
=========================================== ===========================================

The notes on pages 19 to 28 form part of these financial statements.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements

Year ended 31 March 2022

1. General information

The charity is a public benefit entity and a registered charity in England and Wales and is unincorporated. The address of the principal office is 76 Elmer Road, London, SE6 2ER.

2. Statement of compliance

These financial statements have been prepared in compliance with FRS 102, 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland', the Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (Charities SORP (FRS 102)) and the Charities Act 2011.

3. Accounting policies

Basis of preparation

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, as modified by the revaluation of certain financial assets and liabilities and investment properties measured at fair value through income or expenditure.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the entity.

Going concern

Given the charity’s financial position at the year end, the trustees consider that the charity has sufficient resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and believe that there are no material uncertainties that call into doubt the ability of the charity to continue as a going concern. The charity therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparation of the financial statements.

Disclosure exemptions

The entity satisfies the criteria of being a qualifying entity as defined in FRS 102. As such, advantage has been taken of the following disclosure exemptions available under paragraph 1.12 of FRS 102: (a) Disclosures in respect of financial instruments have not been presented.

Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. These estimates and judgements are continually reviewed and are based on experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Fund accounting

Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the trustees to further any of the charity's purposes.

Designated funds are unrestricted funds earmarked by the trustees for particular future project or commitment.

Restricted funds are subjected to restrictions on their expenditure declared by the donor or through the terms of an appeal and fall into one of two sub-classes: restricted income funds or endowment funds.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

3. Accounting policies (continued)

Incoming resources

All incoming resources are included in the statement of financial activities when entitlement has passed to the charity; it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the charity and the amount can be reliably measured. The following specific policies are applied to particular categories of income:

Resources expended

Expenditure is recognised on an accruals basis as a liability is incurred. Expenditure includes any VAT which cannot be fully recovered, and is classified under headings of the statement of financial activities to which it relates:

All costs are allocated to expenditure categories reflecting the use of the resource. Direct costs attributable to a single activity are allocated directly to that activity. Shared costs are apportioned between the activities they contribute to on a reasonable, justifiable and consistent basis.

Tangible assets

Tangible assets are initially recorded at cost, and subsequently stated at cost less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Any tangible assets carried at revalued amounts are recorded at the fair value at the date of revaluation less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

3. Accounting policies (continued)

Tangible assets (continued)

An increase in the carrying amount of an asset as a result of a revaluation, is recognised in other recognised gains and losses, unless it reverses a charge for impairment that has previously been recognised as expenditure within the statement of financial activities. A decrease in the carrying amount of an asset as a result of revaluation, is recognised in other recognised gains and losses, except to which it offsets any previous revaluation gain, in which case the loss is shown within other recognised gains and losses on the statement of financial activities.

Depreciation

Depreciation is calculated so as to write off the cost or valuation of an asset, less its residual value, over the useful economic life of that asset as follows:

Freehold property - 2% straight line Equipment - 25% straight line

Impairment of fixed assets

A review for indicators of impairment is carried out at each reporting date, with the recoverable amount being estimated where such indicators exist. Where the carrying value exceeds the recoverable amount, the asset is impaired accordingly. Prior impairments are also reviewed for possible reversal at each reporting date.

For the purposes of impairment testing, when it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, an estimate is made of the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. The cash-generating unit is the smallest identifiable group of assets that includes the asset and generates cash inflows that largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets.

For impairment testing of goodwill, the goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the charity are assigned to those units.

Government grants

Government grants are recognised at the fair value of the asset received or receivable. Grants are not recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the charity will comply with the conditions attaching to them and the grants will be received.

Where the grant does not impose specified future performance-related conditions on the recipient, it is recognised in income when the grant proceeds are received or receivable. Where the grant does impose specified future performance-related conditions on the recipient, it is recognised in income only when the performance-related conditions have been met. Where grants received are prior to satisfying the revenue recognition criteria, they are recognised as a liability.

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

4. Donations and legacies

Unrestricted Total Funds Unrestricted Total Funds
Funds 2022 Funds 2021
£ £ £ £
Donations 54 54 553 553
Grants
Government grant income 14,750 14,750
-------------- -------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------
54 54 15,303 15,303
============== ============== ============================ ============================
5. Charitable activities
Unrestricted Restricted Total Funds
Funds Funds 2022
£ £ £
Project activities grant received 204,365 920,847 1,125,212
================================= ================================= ===========================================
Unrestricted Restricted Total Funds
Funds Funds 2021
£ £ £
Project activities grant received 241,339 763,440 1,004,779
================================= ================================= ===========================================
6. Investment income
Unrestricted Total Funds Unrestricted Total Funds
Funds 2022 Funds 2021
£ £ £ £
Bank interest received 55 55 73 73
============== ============== ============== ==============
7. Expenditure on charitable activities by fund type
Unrestricted Restricted Total Funds
Funds Funds 2022
£ £ £
Charitable Activity 103,949 607,566 711,515
Support costs 24,049 112,385 136,434
Grants awarded 200,372 200,372
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
127,998 920,323 1,048,321
================================= ================================= ===========================================
Unrestricted Restricted Total Funds
Funds Funds 2021
£ £ £
Charitable Activity 168,808 502,016 670,824
Support costs 27,131 80,682 107,812
Grants awarded
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------------
195,939 582,698 778,636
================================= ================================= =================================

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

8. Expenditure on charitable activities by activity type

Activities
undertaken
Grant funding
Support Total funds Total fund
directly
of activities
costs 2022 2021
£ £ £ £ £
Charitable activity costs 711,515
117,414 828,929 759,751
Governance costs
19,020 19,020 18,885
Grants awarded
200,372
200,372
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
711,515
200,372
136,434 1,048,321 778,636
================================= ================================= ================================= =========================================== =================================

9. Analysis of support costs

Analysis of
support costs
activity Total 2022 Total 2021
£ £ £
Staff costs 72,270 72,270 57,966
General office costs 15,710 15,710 11,961
Finance costs 348 348 470
Governance costs 29,086 29,086 18,530
Support costs 19,020 19,020 18,885
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------------
136,434 136,434 107,812
================================= ================================= =================================

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

10. Analysis of grants

2022 2021
£ £
Grants to institutions
Action for Community Development 9,000
Addington Afro-Ethnic Health Promotion Group 5,000
African Equality Foundation 7,000
African Women's Care 5,000
Aymara CIC 4,900
Catholics for AIDS Prevention 5,150
Centre for All Families Positive Health 6,000
Chinese Information & Advice Service 7,000
Dadihiye Somali Development Organisation 4,934
EKpoma Okpa Association UK 5,000
French African Welfare Association (FAWA) 7,744
Gye Nyame Development Foundation 6,000
Hawa Trust Ltd 5,000
House of Rainbow 10,000
Humanity Concern Project 6,000
Iteso Welfare Association 5,000
Kunsaka 4,974
Mabadiliko CIC 7,920
Moon Academy 5,000
Organisation of Positive Men 5,000
Out & Proud African LGBTI 5,900
Parents Skills 2 Go 3,000
Positive Impact Community 4,094
Red Ribbon Living Well 3,000
Riana Development Network 15,000
Skillspool Training 5,000
Sophia Forum 10,000
The Ernest Foundation 6,000
Ultimate Counselling Training & Support Services 7,500
Umuzi CIC 13,556
Waltham Forest Migrant Action 5,700
--------------------------------- --------------
200,372
--------------------------------- --------------
Total grants 200,372
================================= ==============
11. Net income
Net income is stated after charging/(crediting):
2022 2021
£ £
Depreciation of tangible fixed assets 11,820 11,458
============================ ============================
12. Auditors’ remuneration
2022 2021
£ £
Fees payable for the audit of the financial statements 5,000 5,000
======================== ========================

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

13. Staff costs

The average head count of employees during the year was 10 (2021: 10). The average number of full-time equivalent employees during the year is analysed as follows:

2022 2021
No. No.
Total number of staff 10 10
============== ==============
The number of employees whose remuneration for the year fell within the following bands, were:
2022 2021
No. No.
£60,000 to £69,999 1
============== ==============

14. Trustee remuneration and expenses

There were no trustees' remuneration or other benefits for the year ended 31 March 2022 nor for the year ended 31 March 2021. However, trustees were paid out of pocket expenses to attend meetings and events. Details of these payments are disclosed in the financial statement for the year.

15. Tangible fixed assets

Land and
buildings Equipment Total
£ £ £
Cost
At 1 April 2021 420,114 52,347 472,461
Additions 1,449 1,449
--------------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------------
At 31 March 2022 420,114 53,796 473,910
================================= ============================ =================================
Depreciation
At 1 April 2021 83,385 46,738 130,123
Charge for the year 8,402 3,418 11,820
--------------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------------
At 31 March 2022 91,787 50,156 141,943
================================= ============================ =================================
Carrying amount
At 31 March 2022 328,327 3,640 331,967
================================= ============================ =================================
At 31 March 2021 336,729 5,609 342,338
================================= ============================ =================================
16. Debtors
2022 2021
£ £
Prepayments and accrued income 81,708 41,032
============================ ============================

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

17. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

2022 2021
£ £
Accruals and deferred income 1,020,294 567,234
Social security and other taxes 8,285 6,713
Pension payable 1,604 1,351
------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
1,030,183 575,298
=========================================== =================================
18. Deferred income
2022 2021
£ £
Amount deferred in year 964,811 458,233
================================= =================================

19. Pensions and other post-retirement benefits

Defined contribution plans

The amount recognised in income or expenditure as an expense in relation to defined contribution plans was £9,230 (2021: £4,422).

20. Government grants

The amounts recognised in the financial statements for government grants are as follows:

2022 2021
£ £
Recognised in income from donations and legacies:
Government grants income 14,750
============== ============================

21. Analysis of charitable funds

Unrestricted funds

Unrestricted funds
At
At 31 March 20
1 April 2021 Income Expenditure Transfers 22
£ £ £ £ £
Unrestricted Fund 609,987 109 610,096
Elton John AIDS
Foundation 10,000 (6,737) 3,263
Estee Lauder 10,000 (9,036) 964
Healthy London
Partnership -
Champions 27,306 (11,231) 16,075
Healthy London
Partnership - Faith 7,398 (4,945) 2,453
Healthy London
Partnership - Volt 27,500 (6,721) 20,779

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

21. Analysis of charitable funds (continued)

Kings College London 10,230 (4,011) 6,219 6,219
Lambeth Council 30,000 (18,304) 11,696
LSL Councils 11,870 (4,813) 7,057
Fast Track Cities
London 5,000 (3,611) 1,389
Open Society
Foundations 02 50,516 (50,516)
Vodafone Limited 5,000 (5,000)
Other miscellaneous
funds 9,545 (3,073) 6,472
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- -------------- ---------------------------------
609,987 204,474 (127,998) 686,463
================================= ================================= ================================= ============== =================================
At
At 31 March 20
1 April 2020 Income Expenditure Transfers 21
£ £ £ £ £
Unrestricted Fund 469,211 256,715 (195,939) 80,000 609,987
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------------
469,211 256,715 (195,939) 80,000 609,987
================================= ================================= ================================= ============================ =================================
Restricted funds
At
At 31 March 20
1 April 2021 Income Expenditure Transfers 22
£ £ £ £ £
Restricted Fund 311,534 311,534
Barrow Cadbury Trust 483 (483)
BBC Children in Need 23,844 (23,844)
City Bridge Trust - OVN 25,000 (25,000)
Comic Relief - Digital 117,900 (117,900)
Comic Relief - Global
Majority Fund 252,000 (252,000)
Comic Relief - VAWG 87,584 (87,584)
Gilead Sciences Europe 17,217 (17,217)
Henry Smith Charity 48,950 (48,950)
Lloyds Bank Foundation 39,799 (39,799)
London Community
Foundation - DCT 18,957 (18,957)
London Community
Foundation - MOPAC 47,978 (47,978)
Merck Sharpe & Dohme 28,186 (28,186)
National Health Service
(NHS) 10,000 (8,993) 1,007
National Lottery
Community Fund 98,316 (98,316)
Open Society
Foundations 01 47,572 (47,572)
VIIV Healthcare 15,081 (15,081)
City Bridge Trust -
VAWG 32,690 (32,690)
Merck Sharpe & Dohme 9,773 (9,773)
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- -------------- ---------------------------------
312,017 920,847 (920,323) 312,541
================================= ================================= ================================= ============== =================================

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AFRICA ADVOCACY FOUNDATION

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 March 2022

21. Analysis of charitable funds (continued)

21. Analysis of charitable fu nds (continued)
At
At 31 March 20
1 April 2020 Income Expenditure Transfers 21
£ £ £ £ £
Restricted Fund 211,275 713,440 (533,181) (80,000)
311,534
Barrow Cadbury Trust 50,000 (49,517) 483
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------------
211,275 763,440 (582,698) (80,000)
312,017
================================= ================================= ================================= ============================ =================================
22. Analysis of net assets between funds
Unrestricted Restricted Total Funds
Funds Funds 2022
£ £ £
Tangible fixed assets 328,324 3,643 331,967
Current assets 699,525 997,695 1,697,220
Creditors less than 1 year (341,386) (688,797)
(1,030,183)
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Net assets 686,463 312,541 999,004
================================= ================================= ===========================================
Unrestricted Restricted Total Funds
Funds Funds 2021
£ £ £
Tangible fixed assets 336,724 5,614 342,338
Current assets 315,618 839,346 1,154,964
Creditors less than 1 year (42,355) (532,943)
(575,298)
--------------------------------- --------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Net assets 609,987 312,017 922,004
================================= ================================= ===========================================
23. Analysis of changes in net debt
At
At 1 Apr 2021 Cash flows 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £
Cash at bank and in hand 1,113,932 501,580 1,615,512
=========================================== ================================= ===========================================

24. Related parties

There are no related party transactions or balances during the year.

- 28 -