**Charity registration number 1157884 (England and Wales)** 

## **AMR ACTION UK** 

# **FORMERLY ANTIBOTIC RESEARCH UK - DEVELOPING NEW ANTIBIOTICS** 

**ANNUAL REPORT AND UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS** 

**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024** 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION** 

## **Trustees** 

Ms Rosemary Howell Ms Ghada Zoubiane (Appointed 21 February 2024) Dr Christine Richardson (Appointed 21 February 2024) Dr Peter Kirkpartrick (Appointed 21 February 2024) Ms Clare Kerr (Appointed 21 February 2024) Ms Rose Gray* (Appointed 21 February 2024) Ms Fiona Russell* (Resigned 13 August 2024) Mr Phil Robinson* (Resigned 31 May 2024) 

*Also, member/observer of the Finance Committee 

**Chief Executive Officer** Jonathan Pearce (Resigned 26 July 2024) Kirsteen Wills (Appointed 19 August 2024) **Science and Patient Support Committee** Dr Mike Allen Dr Tina Joshi Professor Chris Schofield (ex-official since January 2024) Dr Joe Standing (2nd Term of Office ends 30th March 2025) Dr Mark Sutton (2nd Term of Office ended 30th November 2024) Dr Oliver Van Hecke James Amos (2nd Term of Office with PEPS committee ended August 2024 & moved to SPEC Committee March 2024) Dr Alison Staples Dr Neil Todd **Charity number (England and Wales)** 1157884 **Principal address** 167-169 Great Portland Street 5th Floor London W1W 5PF **Independent examiner** Tom Wilcox Counterculture Partnership LLP 23 St Leonards Road Bexhill-on-Sea East Sussex TN40 1HH 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **CONTENTS** 

||**Page**|
|---|---|
|Trustees' report|1 - 6|
|Independent examiner's report|7|
|Statement of financial activities|8|
|Balance sheet|9|
|Notes to the financial statements|10 - 19|





## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **TRUSTEES' REPORT** 

## _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

The trustees present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024. 

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in note 1 to the financial statements and comply with the charity's governing document, the Charities Act 2011, FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland" and the Charities SORP "Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)". 

## **Objectives and activities Who we are and what we do** 

AMR Action UK (formerly Antibiotic Research UK) is a national organisation, founded in 2014. It is the Patient Organisation (PO) for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in the UK. The charity works to prevent the harm from the impacts of antimicrobial resistance to people in the four nations of the United Kingdom and campaigns for policy changes and for changes in healthcare practice which benefit patients and families. The charity’s work is informed by our patient and public engagement, our direct support of patients through our services and through our patientcentred research activities. 

## **About antibiotic and antimicrobial resistance** 

Antibiotic resistance, that is when infectious bacteria become resistant to antibiotic treatment, is on the rise globally. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a broader term that includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites that develop resistance to antimicrobial medicines. An article published in _The Lancet_ in 2022 estimated that, in 2019, 1.27 million people died globally directly from an antibiotic resistant infection (Murray CJ, Ikuta KS, Sharara F, Swetschinski L, Aguilar GR, Gray A, et al, “Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis”, _The Lancet_ , 2022; 399 (10325):629-5), a figure higher than people dying from HIV or malaria. This figure is alarming and whilst the highest number of deaths were in lower- and middle-income countries, COVID has shown us how quickly an infectious agent can spread around the globe. 

According to the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), in 2019 there were 7,600 deaths attributable to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and 35,200 deaths associated with AMR  in the UK (see “The burden of AMR in the UK” by IHME, University of Washington, University of Oxford and Global Research on Antimicrobial Resistance; available from https://www.healthdata.org/antimicrobial-resistance/policy-briefings). The IHME report also points out that the number of UK deaths from AMR is “higher than deaths from digestive diseases, diabetes and kidney diseases, other non-communicable diseases, unintentional injuries, and self-harm and interpersonal violence”. 

## **Purpose** 

The charity’s purposes are set out in its constitution, as follows: 

“… to protect and promote the health of the public, in particular by sponsoring research into the diagnosis, treatment and cure of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infectious diseases, ensuring responsible and sustainable development and deployment of the findings of such research, and raising awareness through public-facing activities and the promotion of networks to share experience of such matters.” 

## _Public benefit_ 

The organisation’s work delivers public benefit by funding and developing research to address the issue of antibiotic and antimicrobial resistance. 

The organisation also provides invaluable support and assistance to those directly affected by antimicrobial resistance, as well as to the healthcare practitioners working with them. Reliable, evidence-based information and peer support helps patients and families to navigate their conditions and improve their longer-term health outcomes. 

The charity provides wider benefit to the public through its work to influence policymakers, and to change practices within healthcare systems, including the NHS. 

The charity regularly reviews how its activities have benefited those groups of people we are set up to help, referring to the Charity Commission’s guidance on public benefit. 

- 1 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **TRUSTEES' REPORT  (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **Achievements and performance** 

Antibiotic resistance, and AMR more widely, remains a major global health issue, on a par with climate change, but receiving far less attention nationally and internationally. In May 2024 the National AMR Action Plan was published, detailing actions that will be taken across the four nations of the United Kingdom – England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland – to prevent the growth of AMR and those affected by it and to improve treatment. 

In early 2024, the charity decided to focus strongly on one of the key areas of patient concern that came to us via our patient support service – chronic and recurring urinary tract infections. UTIs are one of the world's most common infections, yet the condition is neglected in terms of research into treatments and diagnostics. Anyone can get a UTI, and at any age, but older women are more prone. As the figures below illustrate, the number of cases in the UK and worldwide is alarming and the global burden of UTIs is rising: between 1990 and 2019 the rate of deaths from UTIs grew 2.4 times. 

Up to 50% of women will suffer from an acute UTI at some point in their life, with 20-30% of women who have had a UTI being subject to a recurrence. In the UK, UTIs are the second most common healthcare associated infection (an infection acquired from a healthcare setting such as a hospital), accounting for 17.2% of all such infections. UTIs are also a major driver of antibiotic prescribing in primary care, with multidrug resistant infections rising. In addition, UTIs are one of the most common causes of sepsis as diagnosed/treated in hospitals, which can be fatal. 

While often regarded as a mild 'bladder complaint', the numbers of patients experiencing recurrent and chronic/ complex UTIs, due to the infection becoming resistant to antibiotic treatment, is growing. The impact of a drugresistant UTI upon a patient can be life changing. Those who contact our charity for support tell us of ongoing pain, misdiagnosis, and the impact that drug-resistant infections have on their lives. 

In March 2024 the charity convened a conference of patients, clinicians and policy-makers. 

The **‘** _**Living with Chronic and Complex UTIs.’**_ conference (on 21st March 2024), attended by over 250 delegates (in person and online), facilitated engagement with patients, healthcare professionals (HCPs) and researchers. Feedback was very positive, for example: _“Insightful, thought provoking, hopeful.”_ and “E _xtraordinary. Cutting edge science together with compassion and respectful inclusion of patients.”_ 

In the summer of 2024, working in partnership with James Lind Alliance and with two other charities, we launched the Priority Setting Partnership for chronic and recurrent UTIs. This is a ground-breaking piece of work because when it reports in early 2026, it will be the collective view of patients and medical professionals as to the research that is currently missing in this important area and how these research areas should be prioritised. This information will be available to universities and other researchers to inform their future research programmes. The preliminary results of this work will be announced at a follow-up conference for 18th September 2025 ‘ _Advances in Chronic and Recurrent UTIs’._ 

Outside of UTI, the charity continued to fund research projects which once again illustrate the charity’s role in earlystage research that address patient concerns. For example, The Neonatal Antimicrobial Resistance and Outcome (neoAMRO) study set out to understand the infections and risk factors contributing to neonatal deaths across UK neonatal units. By conducting a case-control study, the team assessed whether inappropriate antibiotic management, such as incorrect choice, dosage, or timing was linked to poor outcomes. The study aimed to identify infections responsible for neonatal deaths, characterise the affected babies, and examine antimicrobial treatments and resistance. Ultimately, the findings are intended to inform clinical guidance and improve care practices to reduce mortality among newborns. The neoAMRO study found that most neonatal deaths from infection were caused by resistant Gram-negative bacteria, especially _E. coli_ and _Serratia marcescens_ and highlighted the need for better guidelines to improve antibiotic selection and treatment in newborns. 

Within Patient Services, individuals living with resistant infections and their families continued to receive personalised support and information from our Patient Support Team, via phone, email, plus on-line peer support sessions to help them to access treatment and support as well as to live with the chronic impacts of AMR-related conditions. Over 300 patients were helped in 2024. 

- 2 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **TRUSTEES' REPORT  (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **Fundraising** 

The current fundraising environment continues to be challenging for the charity with donations affected by high inflation, the cost-of-living crisis and national economic challenges. We were pleased to continue to receive support via two vital multi-year grants, the first from the Oak Foundation to support capacity-building within the charity, and the second from the National Lottery Fund, supporting the continuation of our Patient Support Services.  As always, we are enormously grateful to those who donated and volunteered on our behalf. Without their support we would not be able to continue our vital work. 

Fundraising highlights in 2024 included: 

- £50,000 from the Garfield Weston Foundation - £25,000 for 2025 and £25,000 for 2026. 

- A further £38,000 secured to fund our research programme from a number of Trusts and Foundations. 

- £97,218 from a range of corporate sponsorship and grants, including: 

   - £39,598 from GSK in support of our project “Antibiotic Resistance: Video Case Studies for Storytelling”, and a further £10,000 from GSK via our Corporate Supporter Circles Programme. 

   - £19,799 from MSD, who supported our Video Case Studies project alongside GSK. 

   - £14,071 from Pfizer Limited who provided us with funding to host our follow-up conference in September 2025, making a similar contribution to A. Menarini Farmaceutica Internazionale SRL who provided funding towards the end of 2023. 

   - £5,000 from each of Advanz Pharma and Shionogi as contributors to the Circles Programme. 

## **Financial review** 

The consolidated gross income for the year was £406,889 (2023: £477,065). The consolidated net movement in funds for the year was a loss of £63,928 (2023: surplus of £12,252). 

## _Reserves policy_ 

The trustees aim to maintain a minimum of free reserves equal to 3 months’ core expenditure (approximately £69,800). Any funds over this sum are used to fund the charity’s objects. The year-end level of free reserves was £124,202 (2023: £56,445). While this is a welcome improvement, to achieve long-term sustainability the charity has identified a need to grow unrestricted reserves, including building a more predictable and reliable funding base. 

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## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **TRUSTEES' REPORT  (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **Risk assessment and management** 

The charity regularly reviews risks relating to its operations. The main areas of identified risk identified are: 

- Regulatory and compliance risks, especially in relation to the burden of compliance within a very small organisation. 

- IT security, which could impact business continuity. 

- Operational risks due to the organisation’s reliance on a small number of key individuals. 

- Financial risks, especially in relation to levels of unrestricted reserves. 

To address these risks measures have been put in place as follows: 

- Ensuring Trustees, committee members and staff have solid experience and expertise in their fields, including in relation to regulatory requirements. 

- The outsourcing of ICT support to ensure continuous monitoring and management of IT systems. 

- A move away from short-term contractor arrangements towards permanent staff roles. 

- Strong financial oversight from the Finance Committee and Board of Trustees. 

- Maintaining third-party liability and indemnity insurance. 

## **Plans for future periods** 

Following the appointment of the new CEO in August 2024, a review of the charity’s strategy was undertaken, with this work completing in early 2025. 

When Antibiotic Research UK was founded 11 years ago, it was positioned within a context of discussions that focused on “antibiotic resistance”. The environment within which the charity is operating has changed in the intervening period. Discussions are no longer about “antibiotic resistance” alone, but “antimicrobial resistance” within a “one health” approach. With growing understanding, antimicrobial resistance has become shortened over the years to “AMR” which is now standard terminology in all of the spheres in which the charity operates, for example, with policymakers and within NHS systems. 

Since 2019, the range of activities the charity is involved in has also expanded beyond its original research focus. For example, the charity provides a much-valued helpline for patients and families impacted by AMR, and it has become a leading advocate for AMR patient voice – ensuring the voices of patients are heard in the right places. 

The Trustees of the charity, and its senior management team, believed that to better reflect and represent the charity’s mission and its activities in its current-day context, a name that aligns more closely with the AMR policy and research contexts, and with our patient support and our patient voice activities, would more accurately articulate our mission to a wider range of stakeholders, increase opportunities for influence with policy-makers and NHS systems, and widen our funding base. 

Following an EGM on 2nd May 2025 the name of the charity was changed to AMR Action UK. 

With the organisation having continued to be heavily dependent on grants and trusts through 2024, and with two multi-year grants coming due to come to an end in 2026, in order to create longer-term financial sustainability, the further expansion of corporate fundraising and a much higher proportion of income coming from public fundraising and philanthropy have been identified as key priorities for late 2025/2026. 

- 4 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **TRUSTEES' REPORT  (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **Structure, governance and management Constitution and Trustee recruitment and appointment** 

Antibiotic Research UK was registered as a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO) on 16th July 2014. Antibiotic Research UK also previously had a wholly owned trading subsidiary, ANTRUK Enterprises Ltd, which was registered at Companies House (company registration no 10396024). The trading company was wound-up in 2024. 

At an EGM on 2nd May 2025, by a unanimous vote, a name change for the charity was approved by members. It is now called AMR Action UK. This change of name was to reflect the much wider range of work which the charity now undertakes. 

The work, management, finances and strategy of the charity are overseen by a Board of Trustees. The Trustees who held office during the financial year and at the date of the report are set out on page 1. The constitution requires there to be a minimum of three Trustees and a maximum of twelve Trustees in office at any one time. Trustees that are appointed at an annual general meeting (AGM) retire from office after a full term of three years, at the following AGM. However, Trustees that are appointed directly by the Board of Trustees in between AGMs must step down at the next AGM, but can stand for re-election at that AGM, and if so re-elected, their first three-year term of office starts at that point. A Trustee can seek re-election for a further three-year term of office but not a third term without an interval of a year. 

|The trustees who served during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were:|The trustees who served during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were:|
|---|---|
|Mr Simon Dukes* (Chair)|(Resigned 30 June 2025)|
|Ms Fiona Russell|(Resigned 13 August 2024)|
|Ms Rosemary Howell||
|Ms Ghada Zoubiane|(Appointed 21 February 2024)|
|Dr Christine Richardson|(Appointed 21 February 2024)|
|Dr Peter Kirkpartrick|(Appointed 21 February 2024)|
|Ms Clare Kerr|(Appointed 21 February 2024)|
|Ms Rose Gray*|(Appointed 21 February 2024)|
|Mr Phil Robinson*|(Resigned 31 May 2024)|



## _Recruitment and appointment of trustees_ 

An annual review of the recruitment needs of the Board of Trustees is carried out under the leadership of the Chair, including an audit of the current knowledge, experience, skills and abilities, and how the Board will be affected by any planned trustee departures in the future. Any Trustee vacancies are advertised nationally, and via relevant professional and organisational networks, including the charity’s own supporter base, depending upon the expertise and specialisms required. Applicants are shortlisted against the criteria in the person specification for the role of Trustee, including any specific qualities highlighted during the above audit. Shortlisted applicants are invited for interview by at least two Trustees, one of whom will be the chair. Shortlisted applicants are only appointed where they have the necessary skills and qualities to contribute effectively to the charity’s governance and development. All new Trustees receive thorough induction and training, which includes information about the organisation’s constitution, accounts, financial reports and minutes of previous Trustees’ meetings. 

Since year-end 2024, Simon Dukes has retired as Chair and the charity is undertaking an open recruitment process to appoint a new Chair. We are grateful to Simon for his support of the Charity through times of considerable change. The charity has also agreed to seek the appointment of a Treasurer, who will additionally Chair our Finance Committee. Further recommendations from the new CEO are to follow in late 2025. 

## **Management and organisation** 

Day-to-day operation of the charity, and strategy implementation, is delegated to the Chief Executive Officer, who works for the charity on a part-time basis. The CEO is supported by a small management team, also employed on a part-time basis, plus suitably qualified and experienced team members in the areas of patient and family support, and Patient and Public Engagement (PPI). The charity also has a small fundraising team focused on creating a sustainable income stream so that the charity can both continue with, and grow, its vital work. 

In July 2024 the Chief Executive Officer, Jonathan Pearce, stepped down from the role and in August 2024 Kirsteen Wills was appointed CEO. 

- 5 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **TRUSTEES' REPORT  (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **Board of Trustees** 

The Board of Trustees meets at least four times a year to review the organisation’s work, finances and services, and to agree the strategic goals for the charity. The Chief Executive Officer attends all meetings. 

A Finance Committee comprising at least three Trustees meets quarterly to monitor and scrutinise the charity’s financial performance, including its approach to management of funds, treasury and reserves. Recommendations from this committee are presented to the full Board of Trustees. 

The Board also operated an advisory committee during 2024 called the Science, Education and Policy Committee. This committee had oversight of, and could give specialist advice in respect of, the charity’s research programme. It could also advise on technical aspects of educational materials and policy positions. This committee comprises a mix of trustees and specialist advisors. 

The trustees' report was approved by the Board of Trustees. 

## Rosemary Howell 

.............................. 

Ms Rosemary Howell 

## **Interim Chair** 

13th October 2025 Date: ............................................. 

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## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT TO THE TRUSTEES OF AMR ACTION UK** 

I report to the trustees on my examination of the financial statements of AMR Action UK (the charity) for the year ended 31 December 2024. 

## **Responsibilities and basis of report** 

As the trustees of the charity you are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 2011. 

I report in respect of my examination of the charity’s financial statements carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011. In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the Charities Act 2011. 

## **Independent examiner's statement** 

Since the charity’s gross income exceeded £250,000, the independent examiner must be a member of a body listed in section 145 of the Charities Act 2011. I confirm that I am qualified to undertake the examination because I am a member of Fellow Member of the Association of Charity Independent Examiners, which is one of the listed bodies. 

Your attention is drawn to the fact that the charity has prepared the financial statements in accordance with the relevant version of the Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their financial statements in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) in preference to the Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice issued on 1 April 2005 which is referred to in the extant regulations but has now been withdrawn. I understand that this has been done in order for the financial statements to provide a true and fair view in accordance with UK Generally Accepted Accounting Practice. 

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect: 

- 1 accounting records were not kept in respect of the charity as required by section 130 of the Charities Act 2011. 

- 2 the financial statements do not accord with those records; or 

- 3 the financial statements do not comply with the applicable requirements concerning the form and content of financial statements set out in the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 other than any requirement that the financial statements give a true and fair view, which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination. 

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the financial statements to be reached. 

## **Tom Wilcox** 

Counterculture Partnership LLP 23 St Leonards Road Bexhill-on-Sea East Sussex TN40 1HH Date: ............................ (S/lO/2ZOLS 

- 7 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES INCLUDING INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT** 

## _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

|**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2024**<br>**Notes**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**Income from:**<br>Donations and legacies<br>**3**<br>41,762<br>-<br>Charitable activities<br>**4**<br>218,210<br>118,716<br>Other trading activities<br>**5**<br>22,638<br>5,563<br>**Total income**<br>282,610<br>124,279<br>**Expenditure on:**<br>Raising funds<br>**6**<br>97,662<br>1,630<br>Charitable activities<br>**7**<br>181,701<br>189,824<br>**Total expenditure**<br>279,363<br>191,454<br>**Net income/(expenditure)**<br>3,247<br>(67,175)<br>Transfers between<br>funds<br>64,510<br>(64,510)<br>**Net movement in**<br>**funds**<br>**9**<br>67,757<br>(131,685)<br>**Reconciliation of funds:**<br>Fund balances at 1 January<br>2024<br>56,445<br>396,886<br>**Fund balances at 31**<br>**December 2024**<br>124,202<br>265,201|**Total**<br>**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2023**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>41,762<br>41,856<br>42<br>336,926<br>205,843<br>208,297<br>28,201<br>21,027<br>-<br>406,889<br>268,726<br>208,339<br>99,292<br>115,522<br>-<br>371,525<br>126,996<br>222,295<br>470,817<br>242,518<br>222,295<br>(63,928)<br>26,208<br>(13,956)<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>(63,928)<br>26,208<br>(13,956)<br>453,331<br>30,237<br>410,842<br>389,403<br>56,445<br>396,886|**Total**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>41,898<br>414,140<br>21,027|
|---|---|---|
|||477,065|
|||115,522<br>349,291|
|||464,813|
|||12,252<br>-|
|||12,252<br>441,079|
|||453,331|



The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities. 

- 8 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **BALANCE SHEET** 

## _**AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

||||**2024**||**2023**||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||**Notes**|**£**||**£**|**£**|**£**|
|**Current assets**|||||||
|Debtors|**13**|14,276|||7,955||
|Cash at bank and in hand||543,853|||614,855||
|||558,129|||622,810||
|**Creditors: amounts falling due within**|**14**||||||
|**one year**||(168,726)|||(169,479)||
|**Net current assets**||||389,403||453,331|
|**The funds of the charity**|||||||
|Restricted income funds|**16**|||265,201||396,886|
|Unrestricted funds|**17**|||124,202||56,445|
|||||389,403||453,331|



8th October 2025 The financial statements were approved by the trustees on ......................... 

## .............................. Rosemary Howell 

Ms Rosemary Howell **Interim Chair** 

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## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **1 Accounting policies** 

## **Charity information** 

AMR Action UK is a Charitable Incorporated Organisation in England. 

## **1.1 Accounting convention** 

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the charity's Memorandum of Association, the Charities Act 2011, FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland" and the Charities SORP "Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)". The charity is a Public Benefit Entity as defined by FRS 102. 

The charity has taken advantage of the provisions in the SORP for charities not to prepare a statement of cash flows. 

The financial statements have departed from the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 only to the extent required to provide a true and fair view. This departure has involved following the Statement of Recommended Practice for charities applying FRS 102 rather than the version of the Statement of Recommended Practice which is referred to in the Regulations but which has since been withdrawn. 

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the charity. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £. 

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below. 

## **1.2 Going concern** 

At the time of approving the financial statements, the trustees have a reasonable expectation that the charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus the trustees continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements. 

## **1.3 Charitable funds** 

Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the trustees in furtherance of their charitable objectives. 

Restricted funds are subject to specific conditions by donors or grantors as to how they may be used. The purposes and uses of the restricted funds are set out in the notes to the financial statements. 

Endowment funds are subject to specific conditions by donors that the capital must be maintained by the charity. 

## **1.4 Income** 

Income is recognised when the charity is legally entitled to it after any performance conditions have been met, the amounts can be measured reliably, and it is probable that income will be received. 

Cash donations are recognised on receipt. Other donations are recognised once the charity has been notified of the donation, unless performance conditions require deferral of the amount. Income tax recoverable in relation to donations received under Gift Aid or deeds of covenant is recognised at the time of the donation. 

Legacies are recognised on receipt or otherwise if the charity has been notified of an impending distribution, the amount is known, and receipt is expected. If the amount is not known, the legacy is treated as a contingent asset. 

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## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **1 Accounting policies** 

## **(Continued)** 

## **1.5 Expenditure** 

Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement, and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. 

Expenditure is classified by activity. The costs of each activity are made up of the total of direct costs and shared costs, including support costs involved in undertaking each activity. Direct costs attributable to a single activity are allocated directly to that activity. Shared costs which contribute to more than one activity and support costs which are not attributable to a single activity are apportioned between those activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. Central staff costs are allocated on the basis of time spent, and depreciation charges are allocated on the portion of the asset’s use. 

## **1.6 Cash and cash equivalents** 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities. 

## **1.7 Financial instruments** 

The charity has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments. 

Financial instruments are recognised in the charity's balance sheet when the charity becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. 

## _**Basic financial assets**_ 

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised. 

## _**Basic financial liabilities**_ 

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors and bank loans are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised. 

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method. 

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of operations from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

## _**Derecognition of financial liabilities**_ 

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the charity’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled. 

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## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **1 Accounting policies** 

## **(Continued)** 

## **1.8 Employee benefits** 

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received. 

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the charity is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits. 

## **2 Critical accounting estimates and judgements** 

In the application of the charity’s accounting policies, the trustees are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods. 

## **3 Income from donations and legacies** 

|**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>Donations and gifts<br>41,762<br>-<br>**Donations and gifts**<br>Donations<br>10,000<br>-<br>Gift Aid<br>6,044<br>-<br>Online giving<br>23,438<br>-<br>Tribute<br>2,280<br>-<br>41,762<br>-<br>**Income from charitable activities**<br>**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**Charitable activities**<br>Trust and foundations<br>186,210<br>45,248<br>Corporate income<br>32,000<br>73,468<br>218,210<br>118,716|**Total**<br>**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2023**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>41,762<br>41,856<br>42<br>10,000<br>13,115<br>-<br>6,044<br>5,556<br>-<br>23,438<br>23,185<br>42<br>2,280<br>-<br>-<br>41,762<br>41,856<br>42<br>**Total**<br>**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2023**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>231,458<br>104,528<br>208,297<br>105,468<br>101,315<br>-<br>336,926<br>205,843<br>208,297|**Total**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>41,898|
|---|---|---|
|||13,115<br>5,556<br>23,227<br>-|
|||41,898|
|||**Total**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>312,825<br>101,315|
|||414,140|



- **4 Income from charitable activities** 

- 12 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **5 Income from other trading activities** 

|**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>Membership fees<br>3,342<br>-<br>Fundraising events<br>10,527<br>-<br>Other<br>8,769<br>5,563<br>Other trading activities<br>22,638<br>5,563|**Total**<br>**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2023**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>3,342<br>3,480<br>-<br>10,527<br>15,133<br>-<br>14,332<br>2,414<br>-<br>28,201<br>21,027<br>-|**Total**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>3,480<br>15,133<br>2,414|
|---|---|---|
|||21,027|



## **6 Expenditure on raising funds** 

|**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**Fundraising and publicity**<br>Fundraising expenses<br>3,578<br>-<br>Fundraiser fees<br>94,084<br>1,630<br>97,662<br>1,630|**Total**<br>**Unrestricted**<br>**Restricted**<br>**funds**<br>**funds**<br>**2024**<br>**2023**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>3,578<br>11,012<br>-<br>95,714<br>104,510<br>-<br>99,292<br>115,522<br>-|**Total**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>11,012<br>104,510|
|---|---|---|
|||115,522|



- 13 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **7 Expenditure on charitable activities** 

|**Direct costs**<br>Direct Project Grant<br>Other Direct Project Costs<br>Computer & software<br>Consultancy costs<br>Insurance<br>Printing, Postage & stationery<br>Website & IT<br>Phone & Internet<br>Travel & Subsistence<br>Bank charges<br>Recruitment Costs<br>Annual lecture<br>Sundry Costs<br>Other Legal & Professional Fees<br>Other charitable expenditure<br>**Share of support and governance costs (see note 8)**<br>Governance<br>**Analysis by fund**<br>Unrestricted funds<br>Restricted funds<br>**Support costs allocated to activities**<br>Governance costs<br>**Analysed between:**<br>Total|**Total**<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>65,693<br>37,221<br>7,766<br>112,113<br>743<br>808<br>34,516<br>602<br>6,158<br>653<br>3,750<br>34,966<br>83<br>49,158<br>-<br>354,230<br>17,295<br>371,525<br>181,701<br>189,824<br>371,525<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>17,295<br>17,295|**Total**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>165,907<br>18,120<br>7,635<br>84,277<br>945<br>626<br>7,648<br>240<br>2,132<br>818<br>1,535<br>-<br>26<br>47,369<br>1,600|
|---|---|---|
|||338,878<br>10,413|
|||349,291|
|||126,996<br>222,295|
|||349,291|
|||**2023**<br>**£**<br>10,413|
|||10,413|



## **8 Support costs allocated to activities** 

- 14 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

|**9**|**Net movement in funds**|**2024**|**2023**|
|---|---|---|---|
|||**£**|**£**|
||The net movement in funds is stated after charging/(crediting):|||
||Fees payable for the independent examination of the charity's financial|||
||statements|2,760|2,910|



## **10 Trustees** 

None of the trustees (or any persons connected with them) received any remuneration or benefits from the charity during the year. **11 Employees** 

The average monthly number of employees during the year was: 

|Total<br>There were no employees whose annual remuneration was more than £60,000.|**2024**<br>**Number**<br>-|**2023**<br>**Number**<br>-|
|---|---|---|
||||



## **12 Taxation** 

The charity is exempt from taxation on its activities because all its income is applied for charitable purposes. 

## **13 Debtors** 

|**Amounts falling due within one year:**<br>Trade debtors<br>Amount owed by parent undertaking<br>Other debtors<br>Prepayments and accrued income<br>**14**<br>**Creditors: amounts falling due within one year**<br>**Notes**<br>Deferred income<br>**15**<br>Trade creditors<br>Other creditors<br>Accruals|**2024**<br>**£**<br>5,001<br>-<br>-<br>9,275<br>14,276<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>70,000<br>24,168<br>67,342<br>7,216<br>168,726|**2023**<br>**£**<br>1<br>328<br>88<br>7,538|
|---|---|---|
|||7,955|
|||**2023**<br>**£**<br>94,163<br>42,054<br>-<br>33,262|
|||169,479|



- 15 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

|**15**<br>**Deferred income**<br>Arising from Oak Foundation<br>Deferred income is included in the financial statements as follows:<br>Deferred income is included within:<br>Current liabilities<br>Movements in the year:<br>Deferred income at 1 January 2024<br>Released from previous periods<br>Resources deferred in the year<br>Deferred income at 31 December 2024|**2024**<br>**£**<br>70,000|**2023**<br>**£**<br>94,163|
|---|---|---|
||||
||||
||**2024**<br>**£**<br>70,000<br>94,163<br>(24,163)<br>-<br>70,000|**2023**<br>**£**<br>94,163|
|||-<br>-<br>94,163|
|||94,163|



## **16 Restricted funds** 

The restricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants held on trust subject to specific conditions by donors as to how they may be used. 

|**At 1**<br>Antibiotic Resistance Breakers<br>Patient Support<br>Test Discs<br>Combined Research 2019<br>including Test Discs<br>Small Research Grants<br>Mutate Trial<br>TNL England<br>PhD student support<br>Reducing Antibiotic Prescribing<br>PSO Digital Transformation<br>Annual Lecture<br>Patient Videos|**January**<br>**2024**<br>**Incoming**<br>**resources**<br>**Resources**<br>**expended**<br>**Transfers**<br>**At 31**<br>**December**<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>27,224<br>-<br>(5,830)<br>(21,394)<br>-<br>12,441<br>1,429<br>(5,769)<br>-<br>8,101<br>44,090<br>(30,915)<br>(9,074)<br>-<br>4,101<br>26,379<br>-<br>(4,530)<br>(21,849)<br>-<br>93,397<br>38,044<br>(28,046)<br>20,059<br>123,454<br>54,957<br>(21,426)<br>-<br>(20,059)<br>13,472<br>654<br>60,292<br>(59,239)<br>-<br>1,707<br>52,175<br>(2,175)<br>(25,000)<br>-<br>25,000<br>24,842<br>-<br>(3,575)<br>(21,267)<br>-<br>25,275<br>-<br>(15,425)<br>-<br>9,850<br>35,452<br>19,634<br>(34,966)<br>-<br>20,119<br>-<br>59,397<br>-<br>-<br>59,397<br>396,886<br>124,279<br>(191,454)<br>(64,510)<br>265,201|**January**<br>**2024**<br>**Incoming**<br>**resources**<br>**Resources**<br>**expended**<br>**Transfers**<br>**At 31**<br>**December**<br>**2024**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>27,224<br>-<br>(5,830)<br>(21,394)<br>-<br>12,441<br>1,429<br>(5,769)<br>-<br>8,101<br>44,090<br>(30,915)<br>(9,074)<br>-<br>4,101<br>26,379<br>-<br>(4,530)<br>(21,849)<br>-<br>93,397<br>38,044<br>(28,046)<br>20,059<br>123,454<br>54,957<br>(21,426)<br>-<br>(20,059)<br>13,472<br>654<br>60,292<br>(59,239)<br>-<br>1,707<br>52,175<br>(2,175)<br>(25,000)<br>-<br>25,000<br>24,842<br>-<br>(3,575)<br>(21,267)<br>-<br>25,275<br>-<br>(15,425)<br>-<br>9,850<br>35,452<br>19,634<br>(34,966)<br>-<br>20,119<br>-<br>59,397<br>-<br>-<br>59,397<br>396,886<br>124,279<br>(191,454)<br>(64,510)<br>265,201|
|---|---|---|
|||265,201|



- 16 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

|**16**<br>**Restricted funds**<br>**Previous year:**<br>**At 1**<br>Antibiotic Resistance Breakers<br>Patient Support<br>Test Discs<br>Combined Research 2019<br>including Test Discs<br>Small Research Grants<br>Mutate Trial<br>TNL England<br>TNL Wales<br>TNL Northern Ireland<br>PhD student support<br>Reducing Antibiotic Prescribing<br>Student Programme<br>PSO Digital Transformation<br>Volunteer Network<br>Annual Lecture|**(Continued)**<br>**January**<br>**2023**<br>**Incoming**<br>**resources**<br>**Resources**<br>**expended**<br>**Transfers**<br>**At 31**<br>**December**<br>**2023**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>**£**<br>73,961<br>-<br>(46,737)<br>-<br>27,224<br>8,632<br>1,965<br>1,844<br>-<br>12,441<br>54,090<br>-<br>(10,000)<br>-<br>44,090<br>43,940<br>-<br>(17,561)<br>-<br>26,379<br>48,372<br>79,392<br>(34,367)<br>-<br>93,397<br>34,657<br>30,000<br>(9,700)<br>-<br>54,957<br>40,865<br>-<br>(40,211)<br>-<br>654<br>4,101<br>-<br>(4,101)<br>-<br>-<br>2,443<br>-<br>(2,443)<br>-<br>-<br>52,175<br>25,000<br>(25,000)<br>-<br>52,175<br>47,732<br>-<br>(22,890)<br>-<br>24,842<br>(126)<br>-<br>126<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>34,850<br>(9,575)<br>-<br>25,275<br>-<br>1,600<br>(1,600)<br>-<br>-<br>-<br>35,532<br>(80)<br>-<br>35,452<br>410,842<br>208,339<br>(222,295)<br>-<br>396,886|
|---|---|



- 17 - 



**NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **16 Restricted funds** 

## **(Continued)** 

## **Notes to restricted funds** 

**Antibiotic Resistance Breakers** (ARB) fund represents monies donated to fund the research into ARBs, this incorporates the Holbeck Charitable Trust funding as it was for the same cause. 

**Patient Support** fund represents monies donated to fund a patient support officer whose role will be to develop a portfolio of patient support resources for people affected by antimicrobial resistance. 

**Patient Videos** funds donated towards the production of video case studies to capture lived experiences and perspectives of those living or working with antibiotic resistance for use in campaigns to drive change. 

**Combined Research 2019 (2022 only)** fund represents monies donated towards a specific application for funds from Antibiotics Research that identified expenditure across three programmes. Research into new antibiotic therapies, research into non-antibiotic alternatives (Diamond), and a small research grants scheme. 

**Test Discs** funds represents monies donated towards the next stage of research. The manufacture and circulation to partners of a test disk sensitivity kit for further testing. 

**Combined Research 2019 Including Test Discs** fund represents monies donated towards both of the above two funds. 

**Small Research Grants** fund represents monies donated towards the small research grants programmes. 

**Mutate Trial** fund represents monies donated for the next phase of the MUTATE research programme which is working with hospital microbiology labs in a round robin evaluation of cefepime / sulbactam test discs. 

**Big Give 2020 Combined Projects (2022 Only)** fund represents monies donated through the online platform Big Give. Antibiotic Research identified the expenditure would cover patient support, original antibiotic resistance breakers and the small grants programmes. 

**TNL England** fund represents a National Lottery, monies donated are to be used for national support network for people affected by antibiotic resistant infections in England. 

**TNL Wales** fund represents a National Lottery, monies donated are to be used for national support network for people affected by antibiotic resistant infections in Wales. 

**TNL Northern Ireland** fund represents a National Lottery, monies donated are to be used for national support network for people affected by antibiotic resistant infections in Northern Ireland. 

**PhD student support** fund represents monies donated by the Troutsdale Trust to support a PhD student. 

**Reducing Antibiotic Prescribing** through triaging using Point of Care testing fund represents monies donated for the Study Protocol Development and planning for the scaled up roll out of the study. 

**Student Programme** represents monies donated to further engagement with university students across the UK through the development of a Student AMR Society Scheme and activities such as ‘The Great University Science Quiz’ (online). 

**PSO – Digital Transformation** fund is towards the developing the patient support service through a digital transformation for a more efficient service. 

**Volunteer Network** fund is to mobilise a network of people in different services to go out into the community and spread the work and engage with people to discuss the misuse and overuse of antibiotics and their resistance. 

**Annual Lecture** fund represents monies received from Pfizer towards the costs of the 2024 annual lecture. 

- 18 - 



## **AMR ACTION UK** 

## **NOTES TO THE  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)** _**FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024**_ 

## **17 Unrestricted funds** 

The unrestricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants which are not subject to specific conditions by donors and grantors as to how they may be used. These include designated funds which have been set aside out of unrestricted funds by the trustees for specific purposes. 

||**At 1 January**|**At 1 January**|**Incoming**|**Resources**|**Transfers**|**At 31**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**2024**|**resources**|**expended**||**December**|
|||||||**2024**|
|||**£**|**£**|**£**|**£**|**£**|
|General funds||56,445|282,610|(279,363)|64,510|124,202|
|**Previous year:**|**At 1 January**||**Incoming**|**Resources**|**Transfers**|**At 31**|
|||**2023**|**resources**|**expended**||**December**|
|||||||**2023**|
|||**£**|**£**|**£**|**£**|**£**|
|General funds||30,237|268,726|(242,518)|-|56,445|
|**Analysis of net assets between**|**funds**||||||
|||||**Unrestricted**|**Restricted**|**Total**|
|||||**funds**|**funds**||
|||||**2024**|**2024**|**2024**|
|||||**£**|**£**|**£**|
|**At 31 December 2024:**|||||||
|Current assets/(liabilities)||||124,202|265,201|389,403|
|||||124,202|265,201|389,403|
|||||**Unrestricted**|**Restricted**|**Total**|
|||||**funds**|**funds**||
|||||**2023**|**2023**|**2023**|
|||||**£**|**£**|**£**|
|**At 31 December 2023:**|||||||
|Current assets/(liabilities)||||56,445|396,886|453,331|
|||||56,445|396,886|453,331|



## **18 Analysis of net assets between funds** 

## **19 Related party transactions** 

Telling Data Limited received £33,783.31 (2023: £27,500) for consultancy services and received £544.91 for expenses. Jonathan Pearce (Chief Executive of Antibiotic Research UK from 1 August 2022 to 26 July 2024) is the sole director of Telling Data Limited. 

- 19 -