international
egg toun(lation
Annual Report
& Accounts 2022
## **Our Impact**
## **Contents**
|Our Impact ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 3|
|---|---|
|Chairman’s Message ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 4|
|Our Challenge ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 5|
|Why Eggs? ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 6|
|Why Support the International Egg Foundation? ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 7|
|Our Work �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 8|
|Education and Training ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 8|
|Entrepreneurship ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 10|
|Technical Partnerships ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 10|
|Improved Nutrition �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 11|
|2023 Project Preview ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 12|
|In Gratitude ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 13|
|Meet Our Trustees �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 16|
|Trustees’ Report ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 17|
|Independent Examiner’s Report ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 26|
|Financial Statements���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 27|
|References �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������|Page 34|
**The International Egg Foundation**
Invested **£245,552** in charitable activities in 2022
**----- Start of picture text -----**
91.4% of funds invested directly
in charitable activity
**----- End of picture text -----**
## **Intervention Feeding**
The intervention feeding project provides **4,500 meals** a week to nutritionally vulnerable children through 32 feeding stations across Eswatini
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Distributed circa
11 million eggs since 2016
**----- End of picture text -----**
**£94** feeds a child for a year
## **Global Egg Schools**
One trained egg farmer can provide **30,000 people** with an egg a week
Provided tailored training to **95 local growers, agricultural students and trainers** in Mozambique and Zimbabwe since 2019
**----- Start of picture text -----**
£200 provides specialist technical
training for one egg farmer
**----- End of picture text -----**
## **Chicken and Egg**
Supported over **350 families** in rural Uganda with the skills and resources to individually produce eggs or chicks to supplement their diets and develop micro businesses since 2017
**£18** sets up a family unit with a starter kit and technical training to produce their own eggs
The IEF would like to extend our thanks to Heart for Africa for providing the front cover image�
**3**
## **Chairman’s Message**
Improving access to high-quality protein has never been more crucial, especially with the current global hunger crisis exacerbated by geopolitical instability and soaring inflation and food prices, as supply chains begin to normalise post-COVID.
The International Egg Foundation (IEF) is dedicated to establishing independent and sustainable food systems in low- and middle-income countries, harnessing the nutritional, environmental, social, and economic potential of eggs to eradicate hunger and malnutrition. This vision is only made possible by the commitment and hard work of our remarkable partners on the ground.
Education and training have become central to the IEF’s strategy to support the development of independent and sustainable food systems. Our Global Egg School programme, conducted in collaboration with the Cunningham family and industry partners Lohmann Breeders, equips local trainers and managers with the knowledge and skills needed to enhance production practices and increase the availability of high-quality egg protein for their communities.
Following the development of the ‘Emerging Commercial Egg Producers Production Manual’ in 2021, I was pleased to be able to travel to Eswatini in 2022 to oversee the development of a new training video. This enabled us to offer on-site examples of essential elements to enhance egg production, empowering small-scale farmers worldwide to upskill and become commercially viable, improving the accessibility and affordability of high-quality egg protein.
Our long-standing partnership with Heart for Africa’s Project Canaan and the Maxwell family in Eswatini, supported by Egg Farmers of Canada, has reached its eighth year. This year, Project Canaan’s hen numbers have increased by 25%, further expanding our reach to vulnerable children. Over 11 million eggs have been provided to nourish children nationwide since the launch of the Intervention Feeding Programme, having an immeasurable impact on their lives.
It is clear to me that the egg has the ability to change people’s lives, but this is only possible thanks to the generosity of our supporters. The International Egg Commission continues to offer a significant level of support to the foundation, and I would like to thank all donors for their unwavering backing, both financially and through the donation of time and expertise. Without our donors and partners, we simply would not be able to operate. I would also like to thank my fellow Trustees for their expertise, guidance, and commitment to support the continual development of the foundation and its work. Thanks must also go to Cassy Price, who has led the expansion of our charitable programmes throughout 2022, supporting the Trustees to continue to deliver our mission.
By working hand-in-hand with our charitable partners and leveraging the expertise of the global egg industry, we are bringing the transformative power of egg nutrition to those who will benefit most. I hope you will join us on our journey to make our vision of a world without hunger a reality, together we can unlock human potential and make a real difference to lives around the world.
**Tim Lambert**
## **Our Challenge**
**Nearly 42%** of the global population could not afford a healthy diet in 2021[1]
Global hunger, measured by the prevalence of undernourishment, continues to remain far above pre-pandemic levels. According to The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI) 2023 report, around 9.2% of the world population faced hunger in 2022, 122 million more people than before the global pandemic.
The International Egg Foundation (IEF) uses the nutritional, environmental, social and economic power of the egg to support vulnerable populations in areas of nutritional need around the world.
**Almost 1/4**
of all children under 5 years old are stunted[1]
**Agrifood systems remain highly vulnerable to shocks and disruptions arising from conflict, climate variability and extremes, and economic contraction. These factors, combined with growing inequities, keep challenging the capacity of agrifood systems to deliver nutritious, safe and affordable diets for all.**
SOFI 2023[1]
IEF Chairman and Trustee
**4**
**5**
## **Why eggs?**
Eggs contain 13 different vitamins and minerals required by the human body and have been proven to be associated with better mental and physical growth, particularly benefitting those in low-resource settings[2] .
Their wide range of micronutrients and impressive bioavailability means that eggs are considered one of the most valuable animal-source foods in the world, and in 2021 the United Nations named eggs as a ‘star ingredient’ recognising their power to bring people together, nourish us, and ‘fuel our futures’. Studies suggest that a child would need to consume at least 12 times as much of a plant-based alternative, such as carrots, to gain the amount of vitamin A available in a small serving of eggs[3] .
Furthermore, eggs are recognised as a high-quality protein, supporting child growth and development in populations characterised by high rates of child undernutrition. They are also one of the most affordable sources of commonly lacking nutrients in young children throughout low- and middle-income countries[4] .
The high nutrient density of eggs means they can support the body’s natural immune system, vaccination response and anti-retroviral treatments. In addition, they offer vast benefits to pregnant and lactating women, with the potential to improve birth outcomes, breast-milk composition and child brain development.
The egg also supports education in low- and middle-income populations by improving cognition and concentration levels in young children.
Along with their many nutritional advantages, eggs are officially recognised as a low impact protein source by the World Resources Institute[5] , with the lowest environmental footprint of all common animal protein sources.
**Eggs are beneficial The bioavailability and Egg production is a throughout the life course, density of their nutrients practical, cost-effective with particular potential to means eggs have the solution to the ongoing fuel development during capacity to directly hunger crisis in low- and the first 1000 days. improve human health middle-income countries. outcomes around the world.**
## **Why Support the International Egg Foundation?**
The need to address disparities in food security worldwide has been intensified by inflation due to geopolitical instability, and the recovery of supply chains in the post-COVID era. As a global population, it is imperative that we improve availability and accessibility of high-quality protein – and eggs can and should be part of this solution.
By contributing to the work of the International Egg Foundation (IEF), you are supporting the development of knowledge, expertise and entrepreneurship in protein-deficient populations, establishing independent and sustainable food systems in low- and middle-income countries.
Your contributions help to expand the scale and scope of our work at the IEF, giving us the resources to develop existing programmes and deliver impactful new projects.
Throughout this report, we showcase how the work of the IEF is making a real difference to people’s lives – only possible through funding, partnerships and ongoing support.
We hope that you will join us to deliver our goals, it is only by working together that we will be successful in our mission of seeing a world without hunger.
Visit the International Egg Foundation website to explore ways you can support the IEF.
**6**
**7**
**Our Work**
## **Education and Training**
The IEF is dedicated to sharing the collective knowledge and expertise of the egg industry to empower nutritionally vulnerable communities and maximise the benefits of eggs through education and training.
Training not only enables the expansion of local production and consumption of eggs but also creates new jobs and supports disadvantaged individuals to become sustainable operators in the value chain.
## **Global Egg Schools**
In 2019, the first IEF Global Egg School took place in Nampula, Mozambique, providing technical training to 30 agricultural students and 40 local producers. Since then, this invaluable knowledge exchange has been delivered to over 95 producers and students, helping participants to develop sustainable sources of highquality nutrition for their families and communities.
Building on the success of the first Virtual Global Egg School, the IEF expanded its virtual educational programme to Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, at Sondelani Ranching in 2022 with the support of industry partner, Lohmann Breeders.
This programme extension aimed to support increased egg production in the region by providing practical technical training to participants, enhancing their understanding of essential egg production processes.
## **Layer Management Training**
In July and December 2022, the IEF supported the delivery of multi-day commercial layer management programmes in South Africa, in partnership with the South African Poultry Association (SAPA) and the KwaZulu-Natal Poultry Institute (KZNPI).
Egg farmers with under 2,000 layers participated in the training programmes, with the IEF co-ordinating a series of presentations from international experts. The tailored programme introduced the fundamentals of successful egg production, including biosecurity and bird health, as well as sharing knowledge to inspire strategies to connect with consumers and sell more eggs in South Africa.
## **Training Resources**
The IEF introduced a new Production Manual in 2021 to aid emerging commercial egg producers in low- and middle-income countries, supporting sustainable and affordable egg production. Developed in collaboration with experts from the egg industry, this manual provides practical guidance on crucial aspects of egg production, including farm set-up, farm management, and egg management.
In 2022, with the support of Egg Farmers of Canada and the team at Heart for Africa’s Project Canaan, the IEF launched a training video on egg production. This video specifically targets smallto-medium-scale egg farmers and focuses on successful egg production in tropical and subtropical environments. It complements the content covered in the Production Manual and offers on-site examples of essential elements required to enhance egg production.
By providing accessible and applicable guidance, the IEF strives to foster sustainable and thriving egg production within these regions.
**8**
**9**
**Our Work**
## **Entrepreneurship**
The IEF supports vulnerable communities in establishing self-sufficient egg production for longterm stability and improved livelihoods. By fostering entrepreneurship, our projects empower individuals to uplift their families today and in the future.
Since 2017, the IEF has partnered with the Trustlines Development Network Inc. as a sponsor of their Chicken and Egg Project. This collaboration has benefitted over 350 families in remote Ugandan communities, equipping them with the skills and resources to care for their own chickens.
One remarkable success story is 11-year-old Vincent, who received his first hen and rooster in 2020. Through selling eggs and chickens, Vincent has earned enough to afford private school education for himself and his brother. With his mother’s support, Vincent has expanded his flock to 120 and acquired an additional 420 chicks in 2022, planning to sell them to cover his school fees in 2023. Vincent’s story exemplifies the transformative outcomes facilitated by the project.
## **Technical Partnerships**
The IEF firmly believes that the latest technology can significantly enhance productivity in smallto medium-scale egg production businesses in numerous low- and middle-income countries. This includes utilising appropriate genetic strains of layer hens, providing support for proper feeding, and implementing suitable housing and lighting facilities tailored to each region.
Through collaborations with industry supporters, the IEF has facilitated new technical partnerships to improve production and yield efficiencies in African egg projects. One example is the donation of improved lighting at Project Canaan, made possible by Hato Agricultural Lighting. The IEF also offers technical expertise and advice to external projects, including UNICEF.
Additionally, our partner DMF and Dr. Fabien De Meester have employed technology to extend the shelf life of boiled eggs from days to weeks. By incorporating specific organic compounds during the boiling process, the internal membrane of the egg, just inside the shell, is sealed. This advancement increases the shelf life to approximately 30 to 60 days at 30°C in local conditions. This technological breakthrough enables the expansion of the Intervention Feeding Programme’s distribution network, supporting more vulnerable children in accessing essential highquality protein.
## **Improved Nutrition**
All our projects strive to achieve one ultimate goal: to increase the availability of high-quality egg protein in areas that face nutritional deficiencies.
The IEF takes pride in its collaboration with the charity organisation Heart for Africa, ongoing since 2015. Together, in partnership with Egg Farmers of Canada, we have provided direct support to Project Canaan, a sustainable farm and “whole of childhood” orphanage in Eswatini.
In 2015, an egg farm was constructed from the ground up, to establish a reliable source of high-quality protein specifically for the children residing in the orphanage and their caretakers.
In addition to aiding the children within the orphanage, the IEF extends its support to nutritionally vulnerable children across rural Eswatini, providing unique access to high-quality protein through a national egg distribution programme co-ordinated by Project Canaan.
Throughout 2022, Project Canaan distributed close to 2 million eggs, benefitting around 4,500 children on a weekly basis. This distribution was made possible through a network of 32 feeding stations situated in schools and churches. Heart for Africa made significant investments in 2021 to enhance storage and cooking facilities in 25 of these partner locations. As a result, over half of the feeding stations can now provide meals seven days a week.
The IEF remains dedicated to supporting Project Canaan. We strive to maintain a viable business model and provide training and education to the local Swazi population working on the farm. By doing so, we ensure the long-term success and impact of this important initiative.
**10**
**11**
**2023 Project Preview**
## **In Gratitude**
The IEF Trustees are delighted to have been able to continue to expand the project scope of the IEF in 2023, introducing new opportunities as well as elevating existing programmes.
Although the majority of this report is focused on the achievements and financial reports for the 2022 financial year, we are very pleased to include an overview of our 2023 projects to date:
## **Expanding Global Egg Schools**
Following the success of the Global Egg Schools in Nampula, Mozambique, and Bulawayo, Zimbabwe the IEF has extended its Global Egg School Programme to support increased egg production in Livingstone, Zambia in partnership with Ebenezer Agricultural Training Centres.
The first day of the Global Egg School welcomed local senior egg personnel, delivering valuable insights into improving efficiencies and outcomes on the farms they are already managing. Agricultural students and local out-growers joined the second day of training covering the fundamentals of efficient egg production, exploring the importance of practices that keep layers healthy and productive.
## **Supporting Honduras Outreach Initiative OneEgg Programme**
In the Agalata Valley, Honduras, OneEgg and the Honduras Outreach Initiative have developed a pilot nutrition project which uses eggs as a source of protein for children, by first supplying them to expectant mothers during their final trimester and continuing postpartum until the child is three years old. The programme’s goal is to provide eggs to families and educate pregnant women to consume and feed their young children at least one egg a day to provide constant access to protein and a balanced meal, often missing in their children’s diets.
The IEF has committed to help double the egg production capacity for the OneEgg programme to enable the initiative to assist its target of 100 families. By professionalising the current barn with egg production equipment to take the hens off the floor into housing it will enable the programme to increase capacity from 400 to 800 hens.
The IEF are also working with the Honduras Outreach Initiative and local community to set up a second egg barn at the local school so that the school children up to school year 9 can benefit from the nutritional value of eggs. Planning is underway to build the barn in 2024, so that it can also be used as an egg production training facility as part of the student’s agricultural education programme.
## **IEF and Partnerships**
The IEF works in partnership with other leading global bodies and charities. By adding value to existing projects, we help fight malnutrition and provide a self-sufficient food supply in low- and middle-income countries. It is only by working together that we will be successful in our mission. Through partnerships and the sharing of information and best practices, we really do make a difference to people’s lives.
## **We gratefully acknowledge the IEF Partners:**
- International Egg Commission
- Dr Fabien De Meester
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd.
- Egg Farmers of Canada
- Eagles Nest
- Heart for Africa, Project Canaan – Ian and Janine Maxwell
- Hato Agricultural Lighting BV
## **Empowering Children in rural Uganda through Chicken Ownership**
The IEF has been supporting the Trustlines Chicken and Egg Project in Bukuya since 2017, equipping children with the skills and resources to care for their own chickens. As part of this project the children receive a rooster and a hen to begin their own production, however, point of lay birds are not readily available in the regions the project operates, therefore limiting both sustainability and growth of the programme.
This year, the IEF has committed funds to support the building of a dedicated layer rearing barn in Bukuya, which will be managed by the local farmer who currently provides the training to the children. By doing this, the IEF is able to ensure the sustainability of the programme and increase our reach to support additional children, while also strengthening local rural egg and poultry farming prospects.
- Communities of Fusion / Mozambique Fresh • Lohmann Breeders
- Eggs - the Cunningham family
- Sanovo
- Ebenezer Agricultural Training Centres (Zimbabwe, Zambia, & Mozambique)
- Trustlines Development Network Inc.
- Big Dutchman
- US Poultry and Egg Association
- CEVA
**12**
**13**
**In Gratitude**
## **Funding**
Historically, all our work has been entirely funded by the global egg industry, showing the care, belief and passion that egg farmers from across the world have in the ability of eggs to help undernourished populations.
Much of the support the IEF provides to low- and middle-income communities is through the ongoing supply of equipment and expertise. The total value of cash and in-kind donations generated through and assisted by the IEF in its period of operation between January to December 2022 is £253,204.
## **In-kind donations £214,800**
Much of the support offered to the foundation comes in the shape of in-kind donations, without which the IEF could not function.
## **We gratefully acknowledge and thank:**
- Eagles Nest for providing the pullets at Project Canaan;
- International Egg Commission for providing the management and delivery of communications, financial and meeting administration as well as office space;
- Hato Agricultural Lighting BV for providing improved lighting at Project Canaan;
- Egg Farmers of Canada for providing ongoing management and oversight of Project Canaan’s farm;
- Ceva Santé Animale for expert assistance and technical support;
- Mozambique Fresh Eggs and the Cunningham family for providing venue, transport and meals for the IEF Global Egg Schools;
- All of the egg farmers from Canada who have donated their management, time, skills and experience to ensure the continued smooth operation of Project Canaan’s egg production unit;
- Egg Nutrition Centre for expert assistance in nutrition focused training programmes.
- Lohmann Breeders for supplying technical support, consultancy and IEF Global Egg Schools;
**14**
**15**
**Meet Our Trustees**
## **Trustees’ Report**
## **Carlos Saviani**
## **Steve Manton**
## **Tim Lambert**
## **Bruce Dooyema**
Tim is a Founding Steve is a Founding Carlos is a food From an early age, Bruce Trustee and current Trustee and current sustainability pursued a career on his Chairman of the IEF. Treasurer of the professional with global family farm. Today, the He is passionate about IEF. He is a highly experience that yields farm ‘Center Fresh Egg’ helping more people successful international sound holistic knowledge has multiple operations around the world access businessman and in sustainable agriculture in Iowa as well as the incredible nutrition entrepreneur bringing and livestock production. Mozambique. Bruce found in eggs, having with him over 20 years As a Trustee of the IEF, is therefore uniquely held senior leadership knowledge of the global Carlos is able to share placed to offer expertise roles within the global egg industry, helping his experience and and experience in egg industry for over 20 to develop the future expertise of sustainable producing eggs in both years. direction of the IEF. food production from the developed and emerging ground up. nations.
## **Walter Siemens**
**Juan Felipe Montoya Muñoz**
## **Dr Pierre-Marie Borne**
Pierre-Marie is a Walter offers a wealth veterinarian, having of industry knowledge, graduated from the Lyon having been an egg Veterinary School in 1988. producer since 1986. He He has experience of has served in various working with smallholder capacities within the farmers in Africa and Canadian poultry Asia, where he has industry, and is currently provided expertise and Director at Egg Farmers assistance to develop of Canada. He enjoys local competencies, serving the egg industry, both commercially and is passionate about and through previous supporting the next charitable roles. generation of farmers to thrive.
Juan Felipe joined the IEF as a Trustee in 2023, bringing focus, ambition and many years’ experience in the egg industry. The prominent businessman is CEO of the largest egg producer in Colombia, having been affiliated with the company since his school years.
## **Report of the Trustees for the year ended 31 December 2022**
The Trustees present their annual report and financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2022. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in note 1 to the accounts and comply with the charity’s governing document, the Charities Act 2011 and Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland first published on 16 July 2014.
## **Structure, Governance and Management**
The International Egg Foundation is a registered charity in England and Wales. Our charity number is 1157778.
The foundation was established as a Charity on 8 July 2014. The charity is governed by a constitution of a Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO) whose only voting members are its charity Trustees.
The management of the foundation is the responsibility of the Trustees, overseen by the Trustee Chairman, who is the ultimate decision-making body. For the full list of IEF Trustees and advisors, please refer to the administrative information on the back cover of this report.
## **Risk management**
The Trustees have considered the major risks to which the charity is exposed and have reviewed those risks and established systems and procedures to manage those risks.
## **Appointed Trustees**
Apart from the first charity Trustees, every appointed Trustee must be appointed for a term of three years by a resolution passed at a properly convened meeting of the charity Trustees.
## **Nominated Trustees**
- The Office Holders Board of the International Egg Commission (“the appointing body”) may appoint two (2) charity Trustees;
- Any appointment must be made at a meeting held according to the ordinary practice of the appointing body;
- Each appointment must be for a term of three years;
- The appointment will be effective from the later of:
- the date of the vacancy; and
- the date on which the charity Trustees or their secretary or clerk are informed of the appointment;
- The persons appointed need not be members of the appointing body;
- A Trustee appointed by the appointing body has the same duty under clause 9(1) as the other charity Trustees to act in the way he or she decides in good faith would be most likely to further the purposes of the CIO.
**16**
**17**
**Trustees’ Report**
## **Trustee rotation and re-appointment**
Trustees look to follow a 9-year maximum term limit to provide proper rotation as recommended by the UK Charity Commission. It is appreciated that the IEF has made significant progress in its growth and evolution, however we have not yet crossed the threshold of sustainability, in terms of ongoing projects and incoming donations. Therefore, having properly considered the UK Charity Commission recommendation, Founding Trustee Julian Madeley stepped down on 25 March 2023, not seeking reappointment as Trustee or MD, to allow for such rotation.
Tim Lambert, also a Founding Trustee and current IEF Chairman, having also served his full 9-year term, was in fact further re-elected for an additional term of up to and including 3 years, especially in light of his key role, along with his own level of knowledge, expertise and engagement in existing and ongoing programmes. It was in turn proposed Steve Manton, final Founding Trustee and previous IEF Chairman, will also continue for a transitionary period of up to and including 3 years, as Trustee and now in the newly created position of IEF Treasurer.
## **Reserves Policy**
The Trustees aim to maintain free reserves in unrestricted funds at a level which equates to approximately three months of unrestricted charitable expenditure. The Trustees consider that this level will provide sufficient funds to respond to ongoing commitments and ensure there are sufficient funds available to cover support and governance costs. The Trustees consider a level of three months is sufficient given the ongoing provision of central administration by the International Egg Commission.
The balance held as unrestricted funds at 31st December 2022 was £69,597, of which £61,909 are regarded as free reserves against an actual three months spend of £7,688. The current level of reserves is therefore higher than is needed.
At present there is £11,611 of restricted funds.
## **Trustee appointments for the period January 1 2022 to 31 July 2023**
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Name Role Date
Timothy Lambert Chair and Trustee Resigned 23 March 2023 Reappointed 24 March 2023
Anthony Stephen Manton Treasurer and Trustee Appointed 20 March 2014
Carlos Saviani Trustee Appointed 8 September 2014
Bruce Dooyema Trustee Appointed 6 June 2018
Dr Pierre-Marie Borne Trustee Appointed 4 June 2019
Walter Siemens Trustee Appointed 23 March 2023
Juan Felipe Montoya Muñoz Trustee Appointed 23 March 2023
Michael Julian Madeley Trustee Stepped down 23 March 2023
**----- End of picture text -----**
## **Financial Review**
## **Charitable Purpose, Aims and Targets of the IEF**
## **Aim**
The International Egg Foundation (IEF) is an independent charitable foundation that has been established to improve nutrition, health and education in low- and middle-income countries by increasing egg production and consumption.
The aim of the IEF is to create an independent and sustainable food supply promoting self-sufficiency to improve the lives of expectant mothers, infants, children and families, now and in the future. We want to provide people living in low- and middle-income countries with the means and methods to access highquality egg protein and help boost their natural immunity levels.
## **Goals of the IEF**
During the accounting period from January to December 2022, the IEF received £38,404 of cash donations. Of this, £28,576 was un-restricted funds. The IEF also received significant in-kind donations to provide for the running of the charity, including donation of all administration fees. To add to this, much of the support the IEF provides to low- and middle-income communities is through the ongoing supply of equipment and expertise. Total in-kind donations had a value of £214,800 which has been recognised in the financial statements.
Expenses during this period totalled £245,552 increasing the reserve for the IEF by £7,652
- To fight against hunger and malnutrition amongst children, young people and families, by making high-quality protein in the form of eggs more accessible in communities that are undernourished and underfed;
- To improve human nutrition and health by developing programmes that promote the correct use of high-quality protein to support the healthy development of infants and children to enhance brain development, to support concentration levels at school and boost natural immunity levels;
- To encourage and facilitate an increase in the number of eggs being produced locally in low- and middleincome countries to support growing consumption in populations with little or no access to high-quality protein;
- To improve education and encourage knowledge sharing, explaining the benefits of high-quality protein in the diet, to promote the normal function of the natural human immunity system.
**18**
**19**
**Trustees’ Report**
## **Public Benefit**
## **Key beneficiaries**
Children and young people worldwide along with local consumers and their families, focusing on underprivileged areas and regions.
## **Other beneficiaries**
- Women in rural communities with little or no existing independent income;
- IEF projects will also add value to existing projects run by organisations such as Heart for Africa in Eswatini;
- Other charities, foundations and NGOs will also benefit from the work of the IEF.
## **Protocol for ensuring personal benefits are minimal**
The Trustees will ensure that personal benefits are minimal through a policy of independence from the commercial egg production businesses, maintaining a majority of Trustees who are not owners or shareholders in commercial egg production operations.
Other policies to minimise the risk of personal benefits will be put in place and reviewed from time to time by the Trustees.
## **IEF Objects**
- The relief of hunger and malnutrition amongst children and young people worldwide by improving health and nutrition through the establishment of programmes to promote and encourage the consumption of economical forms of high-quality protein;
- To improve standards of human nutrition through the correct use of high-quality protein in the diet;
- To promote the normal function of the natural human immune system through education and nutrition related to high-quality protein;
- To improve standards of food safety and animal welfare;
- To improve education, highlighting the benefits of high-quality protein in the diet and to exchange knowledge with others to this effect.
## **How do the objects confer benefit?**
The objects will help children and many others in under-privileged communities.
- Across many regions of the world, diets are short of or completely lacking in high-quality protein, with many diets based mainly or entirely on starch such as wheat and maize. A small amount of high-quality protein in the diets can help brain development in infants, mental concentration and muscle development in children. The human immune system also needs high-quality protein to function efficiently, helping people to have a greater level of natural immunity to disease and crucially to allow an effective natural response to vaccination;
- People who are involved in the local production of eggs will benefit, be it as new entrants or through expansion of existing activities. Small scale egg production is used successfully to promote the status of women in communities, through the operation of micro businesses, where women gain earning power and enhanced social standing. Small scale egg production projects can also be used to encourage a sense of community in refugee situations, where normal community structures and relations have disintegrated;
- IEF projects will add value to existing child vaccination programmes by helping ensure the target population has sufficient high-quality protein in their diet to achieve an effective immune response to vaccination;
- IEF projects will help form local and national groups and associations to share information and best practice, which can also be used as a central point for accessing micro-credit funds.
**20**
**21**
**Trustees’ Report**
## **How will the Trustees carry out the objects?**
The Trustees will carry out the objects through the creation of new projects and by adding value to existing projects.
The IEF will co-operate with existing projects that are run by organisations such as Heart for Africa, Ebenezer Agricultural Centres and Trustlines Development Network Inc., adding value to their existing projects in a cost effective and focused way.
The IEF has a database of qualified and willing experts who want to donate their time to development projects.
## **Deciding who will benefit – countries and communities**
The IEF wants to have the largest impact possible for the least amount of additional money invested.
Trustees will make decisions on who will benefit based on a “cost / benefit analysis” guided by the principal of creating best value for money, supported by a high level of sustainability. Sustainability encompasses a range of factors including human welfare, animal welfare, the environment and financials.
New projects that have the backing, physical support and financial match funding from well-established and recognised agencies such as the UN FAO will take priority over other new projects.
## **IEF – Registered Charity 501(C)(3) USA**
In April 2015, the IEF Board of Trustees identified a need for the IEF to be a registered charity in the USA, to encourage additional donors in the USA and support the IEF fundraising campaigns. It was decided this additional body would focus on raising funds for Heart for Africa’s Project Canaan.
The Inland Revenue Service (IRS) issued a favourable determination letter to the IEF for the new Ohio Corporation, classifying the foundation as a tax-exempt public charity retroactively to 5th November 2015.
## **International Egg Foundation Trustees – UK and USA role relationships**
**----- Start of picture text -----**
IEF (UK) Title IEF (USA) Title
Timothy Lambert Trustee and Chairman Director
Anthony Stephen Manton Trustee and Treasurer Director and Treasurer
Carlos Saviani Trustee Director
Bruce Dooyema Trustee Director
Dr Pierre-Marie Borne Trustee Director
Walter Siemens Trustee Director
Juan Felipe Montoya Muñoz Trustee Director
**----- End of picture text -----**
## **Protocol for Project Planning**
## **Research**
- Use the established egg industry network of major international organisations and intergovernmental bodies;
- Appoint Trustees with additional contacts and a track record in the foundation sector;
- Further develop our network with major international organisations and intergovernmental bodies;
- Continue discussions with overseas groups about their needs and possible projects;
- Use the existing egg industry network of professionals to discuss practical aspects of possible projects.
## **Implementation**
- Deciding to operate in a specific group of countries over a sustained period;
- Selecting new projects and joint projects where the IEF can add value from a shortlist;
- Visiting the selected project to:
- Establish sustainability and long-term benefit to the community;
- Assess availability and need for local staff;
-
- Establish cost details;
- Set fundraising requirements and identify potential donors, partners and match funding organisations;
Existing projects that are being supported and organised by well-established and recognised agencies will have preference over other joint projects.
- Organising communications.
**22**
**23**
**Trustees’ Report**
## **Long-term aims**
- Establish long-term aims based on the Mission Statement:
- Developing local knowledge, expertise and entrepreneurship in protein deficient populations, increasing the consumption and local production of high-quality protein through eggs.
- Establish future contacts with other organisations with similar aims by:
- Identifying and understanding all the initiatives around the global use of the egg as a transformational agent for social, economic, and/or environmental development;
- Construct an action plan as to how best to engage with those identified agencies.
- Draw up procedures for the selection of projects and beneficiaries with the following features:
- At least 1 Trustee to review applications;
- Individual meetings with the leaders of partner organisations before proceeding;
- Only dealing with organisations with a successful and established track record;
- Asking independent experts to assess the viability of projects;
- Undertake in-depth analysis of the local situation.
## **Summary of Activities and Achievements**
The International Egg Foundation (IEF) focuses on improving access to high-quality protein in areas with nutritional deficiencies. Through collaborations with partners like Heart for Africa’s Project Canaan and Egg Farmers of Canada, the IEF has established sustainable egg farms to provide protein for orphanages and vulnerable children in Eswatini. The IEF also extends its support to nutritionally vulnerable children across rural Eswatini through a national egg distribution project.
Education and training are essential components of the IEF’s work, including the Global Egg School programme, which provides technical training to agricultural students and local producers having supported over 95 producers to date. The IEF also offers layer management training and resources like the Production Manual and training videos to support emerging egg producers.
By utilising the latest technology and forming technical partnerships, the IEF enhances production and yield efficiencies. This includes advancements in lighting and the extension of boiled egg shelf life. Ultimately, the IEF aims to empower communities, promote entrepreneurship, and improve livelihoods through sustainable egg production.
## **Projects were undertaken to achieve a range of IEF objectives including:**
- The relief of hunger and malnutrition amongst children and young people worldwide, by improving health and nutrition through the establishment of programmes to promote and encourage the consumption of economical forms of protein;
- To improve standards of food safety and animal welfare;
- To promote the normal function of the natural human immune system through education and nutrition related to high-quality protein;
- To improve standards of human nutrition through the correct use of high-quality protein in the diet.
- To improve education as to the benefits of high-quality protein in the diet and to exchange knowledge with others to this effect;
## **Statement of Trustees’ responsibilities in relation to the Trustees’ report and financial statements**
**Charity law requires the Trustees to prepare a financial statement for each financial year, which gives a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of the surplus or deficit of the charity for that year. In preparing those financial statements, the Trustees have:**
- Selected suitable accounting policies and applied them consistently;
- Made judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
- Stated whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;
- Prepared the financial statements on a going concern basis.
The Trustees have overall responsibility for ensuring the charity has appropriate systems of control, financial and otherwise. They are also responsible for keeping proper accounting records which disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time, the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure they comply with the Charities Act 2011.
**They are responsible for the safeguarding of the assets of the foundation and therefore, taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities and to provide reasonable assurance that:**
- The charity is operating effectively and efficiently;
- Its assets are safeguarded against unauthorised use or disposal;
- Proper records are maintained, and financial information used within the charity or for publication is reliable;
- The charity complies with relevant laws and regulations.
**The system of internal controls is designed to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against any material misstatement or loss. These controls include:**
- A strategic plan and annual budgets, approved by the Trustees;
- Regular consideration of the financial statements;
- Identification and management of risks.
## **Approved by the Trustees on 31 July 2023 and signed on their behalf by:**
**Tim Lambert**
IEF Chairman and Trustee
- **A full report on activities and achievements is contained in the “Our work” section at the front of these accounts.**
**24**
**25**
**Financial Statements for the International Egg Foundation**
**Independent Examiner’s Report**
## **Independent Examiner’s Report to the Trustees of the International Egg Foundation**
I report on the accounts of the charity for the period ended 31 December 2022, which are set out on pages 27 to 33.
## **Respective responsibilities of Trustees and examiner**
The charity’s Trustees are responsible for the preparation of the accounts. The charity’s Trustees consider that an audit is not required for this period under section 144(2) of the Charities Act 2011 (the 2011 Act) and that an independent examination is needed.
## **It is my responsibility to:**
- Examine the accounts under section 145 of the 2011 Act;
- To follow the procedures laid down in the General Directions given by the Charity Commissioner under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act; and
- To state whether particular matters have come to my attention.
## **Basis of independent examiner’s report**
My examination was carried out in accordance with the General Directions given by the Charity Commissioner. An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by the charity and a comparison of the accounts presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the accounts, and the seeking of explanations from you as Trustees concerning any such matters. The procedures undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit and, consequently no opinion is given as to whether the accounts present a ‘true and fair view’ and the report is limited to those matters set out in the statement below.
## **Independent examiner’s statement**
In connection with my examination, no matter has come to my attention:
- Which gives me reasonable cause to believe that, in any material respect, the requirements:
## **Statement of Financial Activity for the Year Ended 31 December 2022**
||**Note**|**Unrestricted**|**Restricted**|**2022 Total**|**2021 Total**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**Funds (£)**|**Funds (£)**|**Funds (£)**|**Funds (£)**|
|**Income**||||||
|Donations|4|243,376|9,828|253,204|239,972|
|Investment Income||-|-|-|-|
|**Total Income**||**243,376**|**9,828**|**253,204**|**239,972**|
|**Expenditure**||||||
|Charitable Activities|5|235,739|9,813|245,552|219,381|
|**Total Expenditure**||**235,739**|**9,813**|**245,552**|**219,381**|
|Transfers Between Funds||-|-|-|-|
|Total Funds Brought Forward||61,960|11,596|73,557|52,966|
|Net income (Expenditure) and||7,637|15|7,652|20,591|
|net movement in funds for the||||||
|period||||||
|**Total Funds Carried Forward**||**69,597**|**11,611**|**81,209**|**73,557**|
- (a)To keep accounting records in accordance with section 130 of the 2011 Act; and
- (b) To prepare accounts which accord with the accounting records and to comply with the accounting requirements of the 2011 Act have not been met; or
- To which, in my opinion, attention should be drawn in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.
## **Mr Mark Griffiths**
## Chartered Accountant
Dyke Yaxley Limited, 1 Brassey Road, Old Potts Way, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, SY3 7FA, United Kingdom 31st July 2023
**26**
**27**
**Financial Statements for the International Egg Foundation**
## **Balance Sheet as at 31 December 2022**
||**Note**|**2022**||**2021**||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**(£)**||**(£)**||
|**Current Assets**||||||
|Cash and Bank||67,235||47,086||
|Prepayments||-||-||
|Monies owed from||||||
|International Egg
Commission Foundation||-||10,000||
|Monies owed from
International Egg
Foundation (USA)||18,234||18,234||
|||**85,469**||**75,320**||
|**Current Liabilities**||||||
|Accruals||4,260||1,763||
|Creditors||-||-||
|**Net Current Assets**|||**81,209**||**73,557**|
|**The funds of the charity**||||||
|Unrestricted Funds||69,597||61,961||
|Restricted Funds|7|11,611||11,596||
||||**81,209**||**73,557**|
## **Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended 31 December 2022**
||**Note**|**2022**|**2021**|
|---|---|---|---|
|||**(£)**|**(£)**|
|**Net Cash used in operating**|12|20,149|6,727|
|**activities**||||
|**Cash fows from investing**||||
|**activities:**||||
|Interest||-|-|
|**Net cash provided by**||-|-|
|**investing activities**||||
|**Cash and cash equivalent**||47,086|40,359|
|**brought forward**||||
|**Cash and cash equivalent**||||
|**carried forward**||||
|Unrestricted Funds||67,235|47,086|
The notes at pages 30 to 33 form part of these accounts. The accounts were approved by the Trustees on 31st July 2023.
**Tim Lambert**
IEF Chairman and Trustee
**28**
**29**
**Financial Statements for the International Egg Foundation**
## **Notes to the accounts for the period Year 31 December 2022**
## **1. Accounting policies**
## **1.1 Basis of preparation and assessment of going concern**
The accounts (financial statements) have been prepared under the historical cost convention with items recognised at cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant note(s) to these accounts. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Statement of Recommended Practice: Accounting and Reporting by Charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) issued on 16 July 2014 and the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Charities Act 2011.
The trust constitutes a public benefit entity as defined by FRS 102.
The Trustees consider that there are no material uncertainties about the trust’s ability to continue as a going concern.
## **1.2 Funds structure**
Restricted funds are funds which are to be used in accordance with specific restrictions imposed by the donor or trust deed. There is a single restricted fund, Project Canaan. All monies received relating to this project were largely spent in the period.
Unrestricted income funds comprise those funds which the Trustees are free to use for any purpose in furtherance of the charitable objects. Unrestricted funds include designated funds where the Trustees, at their discretion, have created a fund for a specific purpose.
## **1.3 Income recognition**
All income is recognised once the charity has entitlement to the income, it is probable that the income will be received, and the amount of income receivable can be measured reliably.
Unrestricted income funds comprise those funds which the Trustees are free to use for any purpose in furtherance of the charitable objects. Unrestricted funds include designated funds where the Trustees, at their discretion, have created a fund for a specific purpose.
Voluntary income is recognised on receipt.
Interest on funds held on deposit is included when receivable and the amount can be measured reliably by the charity; this is normally upon notification of the interest paid or payable by the bank.
## **1.4 Donated services and facilities**
## **1.5 Expenditure recognition**
Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to that expenditure, it is probable that settlement will be required and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.
All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis. All expenses including support costs and governance costs are allocated or apportioned to the applicable expenditure headings. For more information on this attribution refer to note 1.7 below.
## **1.6 Irrecoverable VAT**
Irrecoverable VAT is charged against the expenditure heading for which it was incurred.
## **1.7 Allocation of governance costs**
Governance costs and support costs relating to charitable activities have been apportioned based on governance. The allocation of support and governance costs is analysed in note 6.
## **1.8 Charitable activities**
Costs of charitable activities include grants made, governance costs and an apportionment of support costs as shown in the notes to the accounts.
## **1.9 Cash and cash equivalents**
Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments and original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings of current liabilities.
## **2. Critical accounting estimates and judgements**
In application of the trust’s accounting policies, the Trustees are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both the current and future periods.
## **3. Legal status of the charity**
The International Egg Foundation is a charitable incorporated organisation, constituted under a governing document dated 8 July 2014, charity number 1157778.
Donated professional services and donated facilities are recognised as income when the charity has control over the item, any conditions associated with the donated item have been met, the receipt of the economic benefit from the use by the charity of the item is probable and that economic benefit can be measured reliably. On receipt, donated professional services and donated facilities are recognised on the basis of the value of the gift to the charity which is the amount the charity would have been willing to pay to obtain services or facilities of equivalent economic benefit on the open market; a corresponding amount is then recognised in expenditure in the period of receipt.
**30**
**31**
**Financial Statements for the International Egg Foundation**
|**4. Donations**|**2022**
**(£)**|**2021**
**(£)**||
|---|---|---|---|
|Donations|38,404|33,052||
|In-kind donations|214,800|206,920||
||**253,204**|**239,972**||
|**5. Charitable activities**|**2022**|**2021**||
||**(£)**|**(£)**||
|Charitable activities|9,812|8,991||
|Charitable activities – unrestricted|-|-||
|In-kind donations|214,800|206,920||
|Share of governance costs (note 6)|20,940|3,470||
||**245,552**|**219,381**||
|**6. Governance costs**|**2022**|**2021**|**Basis of**|
||**(£)**|**(£)**|**allocation**|
|Marketing|-|-|Governance|
|Website development|11,888|-|Governance|
|Printing, postage and stationary|2,407|1,566|Governance|
|Independent examination|1,630|1,574|Governance|
|Travel costs|4,861|309|Governance|
|Credit Card Charges|154|20|Governance|
|Donation|-|-|Governance|
||**20,940**|**3,470**||
|**Analysed between: Charitable activities**|**20,940**|**3,470**||
|**7. Analysis of movements in restricted**
**funds**|**Funds at 31**
**December**|**Income**|**Expenditure**|**Funds at 31**
**December**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||**2021**|||**2021**|
|Project Canaan/Ebenezer|11,596|9,828|(9,813)|11,611|
||**11,596**|**9,828**|**(9,813)**|**11,611**|
## **8. Trustees**
During the year £Nil (2021: £Nil) was paid to the Trustees to reimburse travel expenses.
## **9. Employees**
There were no employees during the year.
## **10. Related Parties**
Included in debtors at the year-end is an amount owed from International Egg Commission Fdn of £nil (2021: £10,000 owed to International Egg Commission Fdn), of which Tim Lambert and Stephen Manton were Board Directors. Julian Madeley works with the senior management team of International Egg Commission Fdn.
## **11. Corporation Taxation**
The charity is exempt from tax on income and gains falling within section 505 of the Taxes Act 1988 or section 252 of the Taxation of Charitable Gains Act 1992 to the extent that these are applied to its charitable objects.
|**12. Reconciliation of net movement in funds**
**to net cash fow from operating**|**2022**
**(£)**|**2021**
**(£)**|
|---|---|---|
|Net movement in funds|7,652|20,591|
|Deduct interest income shown|-|-|
|in investing activities|||
|Increase (decrease) in creditors|2,497|(3,864)|
|Increase (decrease) in debtors|10,000|(10,000)|
||**20,149**|**6,727**|
**32**
**33**
## **References**
- 1 FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP AND WHO. (2023). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023. Rome, FAO. www.doi.org/10.4060/cc3017en
- 2 Iannotti LL., Lutter CK., Stewart CP., et al. (2017). Eggs in Early Complementary Feeding and Child Growth: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatrics, 140(1). www.pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/140/1/e20163459
- 3 Iannotti, LL. (2021). Quoted in: New report from UN Nutrition untangles risks and benefits of food from livestock for sustainable healthy diets, focusing on challenges linked to both abundance and scarcity. www.ilri.org/news/new-report-un-nutrition-untangles-risks-and-benefits-food-livestocksustainablehealthy-diets
- 4 Morris, SS., Garg, A., Black, R., et al. (2021). Assessing Nutrient Gaps and Affordability of Complementary Foods: New Methods and their Application in Different Settings. Nutrition Reviews, 79(1). www.academic.oup.com/nutritionreviews/issue/79/Supplement_1
- 5 Ranganathan, J. (2016). Protein Scorecard. World Resources Institute. www.wri.org/data/protein-scorecard
**34**
**Chairman** Timothy Lambert
## **Treasurer**
Anthony Stephen Manton
## **Trustees**
Timothy Lambert, Anthony Stephen Manton, Carlos Saviani, Bruce Dooyema, Dr Pierre-Marie Borne, Walter Siemens, Juan Felipe Montoya Muñoz
## **Chief Executive Officer**
Cassandra Price
## **Registered Office**
1 Brassey Road, Old Potts Way, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, SY3 7FA, UK
## **Bankers**
Barclays Business, 1st Floor, 44/46 Castle Street, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK
**Accountants**
Dyke Yaxley Limited, 1 Brassey Road, Old Potts Way, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, SY3 7FA, UK
**info@internationaleggfoundation.com www.internationaleggfoundation.com**
Registered Charity No: 1157778 (England & Wales)