Trustees, Annual Report
& Financial Statements
For the year ending March 2023
Char
tyn06
.HANDS ud
FOUNDATION
Over the past year Hands Up has
helped over 38,400 Syrians.
-We've empowered 3 local organisations to
continue their work by funding:
Emergency aid for over 4,600 earthquake
survivors
Over 45,000 medical consultations
Education for 280 children
Salaries for 22 medical & 22 education staff
50 prosthetics for people with upper limb
difference
Overall, 55 % of those supported were women &
girls, and 44 % were children.
HANDS UP
FOVNDATJ014
LEGAL & ADMINISTRATIVE
INFORMATION
Trustees
Independent Examiners
Haines Watts (Berkhamsted) Limited
4 Claridge Court
Lower Kings Road
Berkhamsted
George Butler (Chair)
Joe Roberts (Vice Chair, Treasurer)
Johnnie Barnett
Louisa Leeper
Jack Coleman
Nick Haslam
Hertfordshire
HP4 2AF
Thierry Heathcoat Amory
Bankers
Registered office
Clerkenwell Workshops, Unit 205
27-31 Clerkenwell Close
London
Barclays Bank plc
2 Churchill Place
Canary Wharf
London
ECIR OAT
EI4 5RB
Charity number 1156491
Company number CE001199
HANDS UP
FOUNDATION
CONTENTS
A LETTER FROM OUR BOARD CHAIR
TRUSTEES, REPORT
OBJECTIVE & ACTIVITIES
MISSION & VISION
PROJECTS
FUNDRAISING
16
FINANCIAL REVIEW
RESERVES POLICY
19
PLANS FOR FUTURE PERIODS
20
STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE & MANAGEMENT
STATEMENT OF TRUST,EES' RESPONSIBIILTIES
21
22
INDEPENDENT EXAMINERS REPORT
24
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
27
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES
28
BALANCE SHEET
29
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
30
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
31
HANDS UP
FOUNDATION
A LETTER FROM OUR BOARD CHAIR
31 July 2023
Dear All,
On Ilth February, five days after the earthquake struck southern Turkey and
northern Syria, I stood on the streetin Antakya. In front of me were the
remains of the Buket Apartment building, 32 flats over 8 floors. On 6th
February at 4am, as the families inside slept, it collapsed in the first
ground-shaking minute. If that wasn't sad enough, sitting on the street
opposite were relatives of the missing, wrapped in blankets, waiting. Some
are still waiting for loved ones to be found.
The world's Media reported widely from the area, but there was no
sensationalism in the headlines, no hyperbole or misinformation - it was,
as we heard and saw, desperate.
The news from Syria was notable by its absence. It was days before news
teams arrived and even longer before aid was allowed in. Perhaps more so
than anywhere else, Syria has felt the squeeze of Covid, Ukraine and
economic downturn, but that week at Hands Up we found ourselves
scrambling to help our partners in the area. It was chaos, many had fled,
others were homeless
again. In the meantime, we were receiving
thousands of donations which matched the desperation portrayed in the
news. We, or I should sayp You, raised over £370,000 in 2 months.
The first donations were sent as quickly as possible, for critical medical
supplies, equipment and nutritional supplies. A total of £413k has now been
committed, and to June 14,400 people supported. It became clear very
quickly that the earthquake response would go on long after the headlines.
The feeling was bittersweet, the funds have been spread far and wide to give
people support, but Syria, which we have been helping for io years, was
A Letter From Our Board Chair I Page I
remembered only for a few days and again, for the wrong reasons.At the
same time, work continued with all our long-standing projects: in schools,
in clinics and with prosthetics.
As I was drawing on that street in Antakya, while people waited for their
loved ones, a young man approached and looked over my shoulder. He
pointed out his mother, grandmother and father in the drawing, huddled
round a fire and said sornething that totally caught me out. Will you send
me a copy. ' I was surprised, why would anyone want a copy of this scene.
So that we can remember" he said.
And that is what we are trying to do; remember. We cannot forget about
Syria yet.
Yours,
George Butler, Chair of Trustees
TRUSTEES, REPORT
The trustees present their report with the financial statements of the
charity for the year ended 31 March 2023. The trustees have adopted the
provisions of Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of
Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in
accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and
Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective l January 2015).
OBJECTIVES & ACTIVITIES
The Hands Up Foundation (Hands Up) is a registered charity in England &
Wales and raises money and awareness for humanitarian relief in and
around Syria. Hands Up is a small and innovative charity that funds health
and education programmes in Syria and neighbouring countries. Our aim is
to make a positive difference to Syrians in need. We work directly with local
organisations who know the needs and context of their local communities
better than anyone. Our work is simple, positive and transparent.
Trustee
MISSION & VISION
We believe in giving Syrians a hand up, not a hand out, and in the dignity
gained by empowering local Syrian communities. We put our confidence in
Syrian expertise to run local projects, nimbly delivering aid to wherever it is
needed Most. Working with local partners, we provide solutions to health
and education issues facing Syrian communities inside Syria and other
countries where they now find themselves. These projects are designed to
be sustainable, providing employment for Syrian professionals and vital
services.
We believe in a positive, creative approach to raising funds and awareness,
with Syrian stories as the focus. We act as a trusted conduit in a volatile part
of the world between donors and programmes that would, otherwise, never
meet.
Trustees, Report I Page 4
PROJECTS
Our greatest achievement is the support we provide to Syrian communities.
During the year, we enabled:
Over 45,000 medical consultations providing basic medical care and
emergency treatment, 58010 for women and girls and 40 % for children.
Education for over 280 children.
Salaries for 22 medical and non-medical staff.
Salaries for 22 teachers and administrative staff.
Prosthetics for 50 people.
Life-saving medical and nutritional services for over 3,500 earthquake
survivors
Cash assistance for 280 earthquake affected families
es, Report I Page
INTRODUCTION
This year has presented significant challenges. Following the 7.8 magnitude
earthquake which hit the Turkish-syrian border on 6th February, Hands Up
has provided life-saving medical services and aid to some of the hardest hit
Syrian communities on both sides of the border. In addition, we have
continued to support our long-term partners, the Syrian American Medical
Society (SAMS), SAWA for Development & Aod (SAWA) and Physicians
Across Continents (PAC) to deliver key health and education projects.
The complexities of delivering aid in this part of the world have been
exacerbated by the earthquakes, but with the expertise and experience of
our partners, we have been able to channel aid to where it is most needed.
Despite the challenges, our commitment to the communities we serve, and
our donors, remains constant.
We work with our partners to ensure our funds are being channelled to
areas of greatest need, as well as regularly reviewing our practices to ensure
funding is being used as efficiently as possible and in line with Hands Up's
objectives, as per the Charity Commission's guidance on public benefit.
Provided funds allow us to do so, we will consider providing funding to
other organisations should they align with our objectives.
Trustees, Report
)P4Fe 6
Mobile Clinic
PRIMARY HEALTH CLINIC & MOBILE CLINIC
SYRIA - SAMS
Syria is now in its 12th year of socio~economic crisis, with more than 15.3
million in need of humanitarian assistance* Over the last year, the already
fragile health system has faced a cholera outbreak, February's earthquakes,
and the continued strain of COVID-19. In the face of such circumstances,
The Ali Bajliyah Primary Health Clinic (PHC) has continued to serve a
community of around 50,000, in Tell Abiad and Ein Issa, providing basic
medical care, midwifery, and emergency services. It is the only clinic of its
kind in the area.
While we are relieved to report that the PHC was not directly affected by the
earthquakes, and staff are safe, many of their homes were seriously
damaged. The earthquake also led to delays in the arrival of the Mobile
Clinic, but we are delighted that it's activities commenced in March,
providing hard to reach communities with the healthcare they need. We
look forward to sharing the outcomes in our next Report. We are so proud to
be able to provide Syrian communities with free of charge health-care, the
demands for which have only increased following the return of over 40,000
Syrians who had been living in Turkey, displaced by the earthquake
*hitP5..//reliefveb.Int/repoiilsyrion-arob-republic/5yrion-arab-repttblic-2023-humanitorian-needs-overview-
december-2022-enor
**httP5'.//www.reuteTS.com/world/rniddle-ea5t/arouTrd-40000-5yrrons-return-tUTkey-after-quake-2023-02-281
Trustees, Report I Page 7
MOHAMMED'S STORY
Before his Father took him to the Ali Bajliyah Center, 15-year old
Mohammed frequently experienced the feeling of suffocation. Living in Al-
Zanbaq village, Mohammed has limited access to healthcare, making the
Center a lifeline for him and his community. Once under the care of SAMS,
doctors, he was diagnosed with 'untreated acute asthma"
which can be
life-threatening. If not treated properly, it can lead to respiratory failure.
Thanks to SAMS, doctors, Mohammed now has the appropriate medication
and will be rnaking regular visits to the centre for rnonitoring.
The child's father said, 'My biggest concern was knowing my son's illness
and how to treat it. Thanks to God, we now know the illness and its
treatment.
While we drearn of a world in which access to good healthcare is a given,
this is not yet the reality. This is why we are grateful to be able to continue
supporting the PHC and its doctors, helping people like Mohammed live a
fulfilling, healthy life.
Trustees, Report I Page 8
EDUCATION
LEBANON- SAWA
Working with our partner, SAWA, we support an education centre in
Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, which provides education for 280 Syrian refugee
children from the surrounding camps.
Lebanon is currently in the fourth year of socioeconomic crisis. Practically
undocumented by the headlines, earlier in 2023, this resulted in the closure
of many public schools. Without this centre, many of these children would
have no access to education at all.
We provide salaries for teachers, the majority of whom are from the same
community as their students, and who have lived similar experiences. Many
of these children have experienced extreme conflict, forced displacement,
or alternativelyi do not know life outside of the camps. The staff understand
this and work tirelessly to provide a safe and supportive environment,
encouraging their students and providing them with the education needed
for a brighter future.
We were delighted to receive funding from the British & Foreign School
Society in support of this programme.
Trustees, Report I Page 9
SHADY'S STORY
Shady is a 12-year-old student at SAWA'S education centre. Before joining,
he had been out of school for two years, a common occurrence in Bekaa's
refugee community. On joining, he struggled to learn at the same pace as
his friends. He found it hard to listen to instructions, maintain focus, and
was a slow reader and writer. To help him, his teachers worked with him
one-to-one and sat with him during break time. Despite all these efforts,
they still weren't able to help Shady to reach his classmates, level.
While Shady would have been easy to overlook as a non-academic child,
this would have been against everything Hands Up and SAWA stand for.
With the involvement of the Inclusion Officer, a specialist in learning
difficulties, SAWA were able to place Shady's difficulty linking sounds and
syllables in different words, incorrect reading and spelling as symptoms of
dyslexia. With this new diagnosis, SAWA developed a tailored plan to
support Shady's learning. Teachers set up one-to-one sessions, using new
techniques and visual learning strategies that helped him link information
in picture form, which as a visual learner he finds much easier.
Thanks to this support, Shady is now more confident and motivated to
learn. It is because of the teachers dedication to each and every student that
Shady's education has progressed so far.
rustees, Report
PROSTHETICS
SYRIAN/TURKISH BORDER - KOALAA PARTNERSHIP
We are delighted to report that this year we expanded our prosthetics
project with partners, PAC, and UK-based Koalaa, delivering 50 affordable,
comfortable, functional prosthetics to people with upper limb difference.
This innovative project is designed to transform the provision of
prosthetics,, providing individuals with a tool for greater independence,
dignity, the ability to write, or even ride a bike. their Koalaa prosthetic.
Following delays caused by the earthquakes, the next 50 prosthetics will be
delivered in the coming months, with results informing the feasibility of
expanding the programme. We want to make Koalaa prosthetics an
alternative, sustainable solution for as rnany people as possible in Syria.
We are grateful to have received funding from the Golden Bottle Trust and
Changing Ideas for the delivery of this innovative project.
Trustees, Report I Page li
HASSAN'S STORY
Hassan was at his local mosque in Tel Rifaat, Syria, when he was wounded
by a gunshot. With this shot, he lost his arm, and life as he knew it. He felt
he lost his dignity and his friends, as he became too embarrassed to play
with other children. He said "I can't go to school anymore. I can't even hold
a pen."
Hassan was transferred to our prosthetics programme by PAC'S mobile
team and with the efforts of Dr. Ali Sarhan and PAC'S medical staff, he was
fitted with a Koalaa prosthetic. The medical team said "Our reward was
Hassan's laugh and his hope that he would get used to the prosthesis and
start a new chapter of his life.
Hassan's story is not rare. Pre-earthquake, there were an estimated 86,000
people in Syria with amputations caused by the conflict* Following the
destruction of the earthquakes, this number is expected to have grown
significantly** We are committed to providing more people like Hassan
with the tools for a more independent, fulfilling life. We are excited to see
the next stage of this project develop and look forward to delivering our
findings in our next Annual Report.
*htips.'/lwww.reuter5.tom/orticle/5yrio-crisi5-prostheiics-idlNKBN26K2HL
**https'.//www.aljazeero.coin/new5/21)23131O/syrios-quake-victims-sufler-debilitating-crush-syndrome
T-rustè
P4*'Page 12
lJlAII
EARTHQUAKE RESPONSE
SAMS, PAC & SAWA
The 7.8 magnitude earthquake which struck Southern Turkey and Northern
Syria on 6 February, and the 10,000 aftershocks which followed, claimed
over 55,000 lives and left almost 110,000 injured** They left a trail of
destruction and physical and psychological wounds in a society which, in
Syria, has already been devastated by over 12 years of conflict. Responding
to a disaster of this scale is not straightforward, particularly in what was
already a complex operating environment, but with the expertise and
experience of our partners, it is possible.
We worked quickly to establish what was needed most in the hardest-to-
reach areas and channelled over £200k to partners (over £4ook has now
been committed). This was used to provide critical medical equipment and
supplies, health services and nutritional support.
One of our greatest achievements was launching a Baby Milk Substitute
prograrnme with our partner PAC, which provided 3,048 cartons of baby
milk for orphans or mothers unable to breastfeed. This unlocked funding
from UNICEF, scaling up the programme to reach over 5,000 infants.
*htips.'//www.reLttEr5.com/grophrcsllTJRKEY-QUAKE/AFTERSHOCKS/dwpkdzklevml
**hrtPs.'//www.acrlonaid.org.uVour-work/emergencie5-disasters-humanir(Trian-respot75e/turkey-syria-eorrhquoke-
2023
Trustees, Report I Page 13
VITAL NUTRITION & MEDICAL SUPPLIES
NORTH-WEST SYRtA- PAC
In the emergency phase of the earthquake response, working with our
partner PAC, we delivered 3,048 cartons of Baby Milk Substitutes (BMS) for
orphans and mothers unable to breastfeed. The provision of this nutrition
not only gave these babies a fighting chance at life, but also helped prevent
the spread of cholera. When random distribution of BMS occurs, improper
preparation can lead to the spread of this life-threatening disease. To
rnitigate this risk, this programme included controlled distribution,
outreach and co-ordination with external health clusters and authorities to
raise awareness.
Alongside the provision of BMS, this response reached 2,745 people by
providing orthopaedic consumables, such as surgeons drills, saving lives of
those facing injuries in the aftermath of the earthquakes.
POST-TRAUMATIC CARE
NORTH-WESTSYRIA - SAMS
The earthquakes left iio,000 people injured* One of the greatest priorities
was treating people who had suffered a severe loss of fluids or blood, with
crush injuries, which cause acute renal failure. This serious complication is
treated with dialysis. Hands Up provided over 4,600 dialysis kits to SAMS,
for 195 patients.
*https'.Ilwww.actlonaid.org.uk/our-workleTnergencle5-dtsasters-hLtmanltariart-re5POtLselturkey-5ytIa-
earthquake-2023
CASH ASSISTANCE
NORTH-WEST SYRIA- SAWA
We have always believed in giving Syrians a hand up, not a hand out, and in
the dignity gained by empowering communities. Cash assistance is proven
as an effective strategy in disaster response* This intervention provided
280 families in Idlib governorate with $150, giving them the flexibility to
address their most pressing needs. The funds from this programme were
used for repairing damage to homes, covering rent, food, and medical care.
The funds from this programme were used for repairing damage to homes,
covering rent, food, and medical care.
'https.'l}www.unhcr.orglcash-based-Interventlons
Trustees,
t,1 Page 15
FUNDRAISING
During the year, we raised a total of £721,571. Of this, £616,880 was spent
on charitable activities.
Positive fundraising is at the heart of everything we do, and this year, was
more vital than ever. Despite the tragedy of the earthquakes, we were
galvanised by the strength of the communities and individuals who have
come together to support our projects, raise funds, and most importantly of
all, make a tangible and positive difference to thousands of Syrian lives.
Highlights include our earthquake appeal which inspired supper clubs, bake
sales, art auctions and more, while ii-year-old Hector from Dumfries is
now in his sixth year of fundraising for Hands Up! We were also delighted to
receive funding from partners BFSS and the Golden Bottle Trust for our
programme work.
Trustees, Report I Page 16
FUNDRAISING CAMPAIGN REVIEW
SINGING FOR SYRIANS
This year our Christmas Campaign centred on our beautiful carol concert at
St Margaret, s, Westminster. We were lucky enough to be joined by speakers
including Jeremy Irons and Lyse Doucet, as well as the choir of Glade
Primary School, whose singing left not a dry eye in the Church. We ran our
own Match Funding Campaign, which Meant we were able to double
£25,000 worth of donations. This campaign surpassed its target, raising a
total of £31,184. Xerjoff generously provided sponsorship for the carol
service.
COMMERCIAL PARTNERSHIPS
We were delighted to enter into new partnerships with Manteca, Smokestak
and LahiiiaLUlI alongside continuing our collaborations with illustrator,
Rory Hutton, the lampshade company) Pookyi as well as working with Abel
& Cole on MarmalAid. A number of wonderful businesses have also
supported us throughout the year, such as O'pioneers, Art for Charity
Collective and Lahmacun.
Trus
rt
age 17
EMERGENCY EARTHQUAKE APPEAL
Following the first earthquake on the 6th February, 2023, we were swift to
launch an appeal to raise funds for life-saving services and medical
equipment for those affected. While the devastation on the ground
surpassed even the worst early predictions, the support of donors also
surpassed expectations, raising over £370,000 in two rnonths. The size and
variety of fundraising initiatives was inspiring, and we were blown away by
the willingness of our supporters to help. Bake sales, clothes sales, supper
clubs are just a few of the efforts people made to raise much needed funds.
To each and every person who contributed, we say a million thanks.
SYRIAN SUPPER CLUB
In the aftermath of the earthquakes, we were heartened to see so many
people coming together to support our work through the resurgence of
Syrian Supper Clubs. Together, these raised over £10,800, with more taking
place in the following financial year. We are so grateful to all who organised
their own, and to Chef Danny Jack and Majeda from the Syrian Sunflower
Kitchen for catering so beautifully at ours in March. This was even
supported by the food god who is Jay Rayner!
Trustees
l i*"
g( eTh
,or
FINANCIAL REVIEW
The results for the year are shown on page 28 and onwards.
We generated income of £721,571 and incurred expenditure of £740,889.
RESERVES POLICY
Hands Up ended the year with £381,338 in reserves, £194,607 of which is
unrestricted. Of this balance, a minimum of £215,000 has been allocated at
31 March 2023 for projects within the next 12 months.
At the year end the charity had sufficient reserves to cover any
administrative costs in the short term.
Trustees, Report I Page 19
PLANS FOR FUTURE PERIODS
12 years of conflict, COVID19, global economic downturn and now the
earthquakes have collided to create a truly desperate situation for millions
of Syrians. We are painfully aware of the long-term response required to
meet the needs, which far outweigh the aid budget allocated and the
humanitarian response provided. At the same time, aid funding for Syria is
decreasing alongside global interest and recognition. while stories flare and
fade quickly from the news, the 'emergency' continues. Millions of people
are at risk and without Hands Up, s contribution even more would lose out.
We have an ambitious strategy for the next three years, with one
overarching goal. to ensure that more Syrian communities receive what
they need, from healthcare to education. To enable this, our strategy will
focus on strengthening our income base to be more sustainable and more
efficient, while expanding our prograrnmes, partnerships and team.
The last io years has taught us that we are uniquely placed to deliver
humanitarian aid funding quickly and safely to areas of greatest need in
Syria's complex operating environment. We are proud that donors can give
with confidence, knowing their funds will make a positive difference to
thousands of Syrians each year. We look forward to working with our
supporters and partners to make this happen.
Trustees, Report I Page 20
STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE & MANAGEMENT
Hands Up is a registered Charitable Incorporated Organisation ('CIO'),
number 1156491, and is governed by its constitution. Its only voting
members are the trustees who set the strategy of the organisation, while
the executive manages the day to day.
New appointments 10 the Board of Trusrees are recruited for exiernally and
anyone willing to act as a trustee, who would be eligible under the
constitution, may be appointed by the trustees. Apart from the first charity
trustees, new trustees are appointed for a three-year term and may serve
for a maximum of three consecutive terms. New trustees are issued with a
copy of., The Constitution, our latest Trustees, Annual Report and
Statement of Accounts, Our Policies and are required to undertake Training
on Safeguarding responsibilities for Trustees. Remuneration for employees
is benchmarked against similar positions within the charity sector in the
UK. The trustees make a final decision on remuneration based on the year's
budget and the role of the employee.
Hands Up works with partner organizations (other UK and internationally
registered charities) operating in the relief of victims of war, conflict or
natural disaster, in particular by the provision of medical aid, food, access
to water and sanitation and other humanitarian assistance. All partner
organizations go through Hands Up's due diligence process before we work
with them. Such procedures are considered vital by the trustees given the
high-risk environment presented by Syria for the delivery of aid.
Trustees, Report I Page 21
STATEMENT OF BOARD OF TRUSTEES,
RESPONSIBILITIES
The trustees are responsible for preparing the Trustees, Annual Report and
the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and
regulations. Charity law requires the trustees to prepare financial
statements for each financial year. Under that law they are required to
prepare the financial statements in accordance with UK Accounting
Standards and applicable law (UK Generally Accepted Accounting
Practice), including FRS 102, The Financial Reporting Standard applicable
in the UK and Republic of Ireland. Under charity law, the trustees must not
approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a
true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of the excess of
expenditure over income for that year. In preparing these financial
statements, the trustees are required to:
Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently.
Observe the methods and principles in the Charities SORP;
Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent.
State whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed,
subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the
financial statements.
Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is
inappropriate to presume that the charity will continue its activities.
The trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that
are sufficient to show and explain the charity's transactions and disclose
with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity
Trustees, Report I Page 22
and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the
relevant legislation. They have general responsibility for taking such steps
as are reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets of the charity and to
prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.
The trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the
financial information included on the charity's website. Legislation in the
UK governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements
rnay differ frorn legislation in other jurisdictions.
In addition, the trustees confirm that they are happy that the content of the
annual review in pages 3 to 23 of this document meet the requirements of
the Trustees, Annual Report under charity law.
They also confirm that the financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with the accounting policies set out in the notes to the accounts
and comply with the charity's governing document, the Charities Act 2011
and the Charities SORP (FRS 102)
This report was approved and authorized for issue by the Board of Trustees
on 15 August 2023 and signed on its behalf by:
George Butler
Chair of Trustees
*Accounting and Reporting by Charities.. Staternent of Recomrnended Practice applicable to charities preparing
their accounts in accordance with FRS 102, The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of
Ireland second edltlon effect(ve from i January 2019.
Trustees, Report I Page 23
INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT TO THE
BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE HANDS UP
FOUNDATION CHARITABLE INCORPORATED
ORGANISATION (CIO)
I report to the trustees on my examination of the accounts of The Hands
Up Foundation (charity number 1156491) for the year ended 31 March 2023
set out on pages 28 to 41.
Respective responsibilities of trustees and examiner
The CIO'S trustees are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in
accordance with the requirements of the Charities Act 2011 (the Charities
Act). The CIO'S trustees consider that an audit is not required for this year
under section 144 of the Charities Act and that an independent
examination is needed.
It is my responsibility to:
Examine the accounts under section 145 of the Charities Act.,
To follow the procedures laid down in the general directions given by
the Charity Comrnission under section 145(5)(b) of the Charities Act;
To state whether particular matters have come to my attention.
This report, including my statement, has been prepared for and only for
the CIO'S trustees as a body. My work has been undertaken so that I might
state to the CIO'S trustees those matters I am required to state to them in
an independent examiner's report and for no other purpose.
Independent Examiner's Report I Page 24
To the fullest extent permitted by law, I do not accept or assume
responsibility to anyone other than the CIO and the CIO'S trustees as a
body for my examination work, for this report, or for the statements I have
made.
Basis of independent examiner's statement
My examination was carried out in accordance with general directions
given by the Charity Commission. An examination includes a review of the
accounting records kept by the CIO and a comparison of the accounts
presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual
items or disclosures in the accounts, and seeking explanations from the
trustees concerning any such matters.
The procedures undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be
required in an audit, and consequently no opinion is given as to whether
the accounts present a 'true and fair, view and the report is limited to
those matters set out in the statement below.
Independent examiner's statement
Since the CIO'S gross income exceeded £250,000 your examiner must be a
member of a body listed in section 145 of the 2011 Act. I confirm that I am
qualified to undertake the examination because l am a member of the
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales, which is one of the
listed bodies.
Independent Examiner's Report I Page 25
I have cornpleted my examination. I confirm that no material matters have
come to my attention in connection with the exarnination giving rne cause
to believe that in any material respect:
Accounting records were not kept in respect of the CIO as required by
section 130 of the Act" or
The accounts do not accord with those records. or
The accounts do not comply with the applicable requirements
concerning the form and content of accounts set out in the Charities
(Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 other than any requirement
that the accounts give a 'true and fair, view which is not a matter
considered as part of an independent examination.
I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection
with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in
order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.
I1(ets Coatf5
Bianca Permal FCA
For and on behalf of Haines Watts (Berkhamsted) Limited
Chartered Accountants
4 Claridge Court
Lower Kings Road
Berkhamsted
Hertfordshire
HP4 2AF
Date: 15 August 2023
Independent Examiner's Report I Page 26
Financial Statements
Statement of financial activities
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## Statement of Financial Activities
For the year ended 31 March 2023
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Unrestricted Restricted Total Total
Funds Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022
Notes £ £ £ £
Income from:
Donations & legacies 2 237,603 444,217 681,820 496,205
Other trading activities 3 36,179 3,504 39,683 87,758
Investments* 68 - 68 78
Total income 273,850 447,721 721,571 584,041
Expenditure on:
Raising funds 4 & 5 123,663 346 124,009 145,643
Charitable activities 4 & 6 220,117 396,763 616,880 369,806
Total expenditure 343,780 397,109 740,889 515,449
Net income/(expenditure) (69,930) 50,612 (19,318) 68,592
Transfer between funds 12 (6,426) 6,426 - -
Net movement in funds (76,356) 57,038 (19,318) 68,592
Reconciliation of funds:
Total funds brought forward 12 & 13 270,963 129,693 400,656 332,064
Total funds carried forward 12 & 13 194,607 186,731 381,338 400,656
**----- End of picture text -----**
*All income from investments was unrestricted as to use in the current and prior year.
_The notes on pages 31 to 41 form part of the financial statements._
Financial Statements | Page 28
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
Balance sheet
## Balance Sheet
As at 31 March 2023
|_Notes_
**Fixed assets:**
Tangible fixed assets
_8_
**Current assets:**
Debtors
_9_
Cash at bank and in hand
**Creditors:**amounts falling
due within one year
_10_
**Net current assets**
**Net assets**
**Funds of the charity**
Restricted funds
_12 & 13_
Unrestricted funds:
General funds
_12 & 13_
**Total funds of the charity**|**Total funds**
**31 Mar 2023**
**£**
**£**
**394**
**5,315**
**533,863**
**539,178**
**(158,234)**
**380,944**
**381,338**
**186,731**
**194,607**
**194,607**
**381,338**|**Total funds**
**31 Mar 2023**
**£**
**£**
**394**
**5,315**
**533,863**
**539,178**
**(158,234)**
**380,944**
**381,338**
**186,731**
**194,607**
**194,607**
**381,338**|_Total funds_
_31 Mar 2022_
_£_
_£_
_436_
_5,771_
_553,885_
_559,656_
_(159,436)_
_400,220_
_400,656_
_129,693_
_270,963_
_270,963_
_400,656_|_Total funds_
_31 Mar 2022_
_£_
_£_
_436_
_5,771_
_553,885_
_559,656_
_(159,436)_
_400,220_
_400,656_
_129,693_
_270,963_
_270,963_
_400,656_|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**£**
**394**
**380,944**||_£_
_436_
_400,220_|
||||||
||||_5,771_
_553,885_||
||**539,178**
**(158,234)**||_559,656_
_(159,436)_||
||**194,607**||_270,963_||
|||**381,338**||_400,656_|
|||**186,731**
**194,607**||_129,693_
_270,963_|
||||||
|||**381,338**||_400,656_|
_The notes on pages 31 to 41 form part of the financial statements._
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Trustees on 15 August 2023 and signed on their behalf by:
George Butler
## **Chair of Trustees**
Financial Statements | Page 29
Statement of cash flows
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## Statement of cash flows
For the year ended 31 March 2023
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022
£ £
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income/(expenditure) for period (as per SOFA) (19,318) 68,592
Adjustments for:
Interest received (68) (78)
Depreciation 562 420
(Increase)/decrease in prepayments 730 (1,029)
(Increase)/decrease in rent deposit &
other debtors (274) (2,812)
Increase/(decrease) in trade creditors (658) (4,396)
Increase/(decrease) in grants payable
to organisations 1,991 16,899
Increase/(decrease) in accruals 297 (2,494)
Increase/(decrease) in salary
control accounts (2,832) (1,938)
(252) 4,572
Net cash used in operating activities (19,570) 73,164
Cash flows from investing activities:
Interest received 68 78
Purchase of fixed assets (520) -
Net cash used in investing activities (452) 78
- -
Net cash used in financing activities
Change in cash and cash equivalents in period (20,022) 73,242
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning
of the period 553,885 480,643
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 533,863 553,885
Cash and cash equivalents:
Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022
£ £
Cash in hand 533,863 553,885
533,863 553,885
**----- End of picture text -----**
_The notes on pages 31 to 41 form part of the financial statements._
Financial Statements | Page 30
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## Notes to the Financial Statements
## 1. Accounting policies
## Basis of preparation of the financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with ‘Charities SORP (FRS 102) - Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) second edition (effective 1 January 2019)’, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and relevant charity legislation.
The effect of any event relating to the year ended 31 March 2023, which occurred before the date of approval of the financial statements by the Board of Trustees has been included in the financial statements to the extent required to show a true and fair view of the state of affairs at 31 March 2023 and the results for the year ended on that date.
The functional currency of the Charity is sterling and amounts in the financial statements are rounded to the nearest pound.
## Going concern
The financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis as the Board of Trustees is confident that future reserves and future income is more than sufficient to meet current commitments. There are no material uncertainties that impact this assessment and the ongoing economic environment has had no material impact on this assessment.
## Legal status
The Hands Up Foundation is a charitable incorporated organisation registered in England & Wales and meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102. In the event of the Charity being wound up, the liability in respect of the guarantee is limited to £1 per member of the Charity. The registered address is Unit 205, Clerkenwell Workshops, 27/31 Clerkenwell Close, London, EC1R 0AT.
## Fund accounting
General funds are unrestricted funds which are available for use at the discretion of the Trustees in furtherance of the general objectives of the Charity and which have not been designated for other purposes.
Restricted funds are funds that are to be used in accordance with specific restrictions imposed by donors or that have been raised by the Charity for
specific purposes. The cost of raising and administering such funds are charged against the specific fund. The aim and use of each restricted fund is set out in note 12 of the financial statements.
## Income
Income is recognised when the Charity has entitlement to the funds, any performance indicators attached to the item(s) of income have been met, it is probable that the income will be received, and the amount can be measured reliably.
Donations are recognised in full in the Statement of Financial Activities when entitled, receipt is probable and when the amount can be quantified with reasonable accuracy. Gift aid receivable is included when claimable.
Grant income is credited to the Statement of Financial Activities when received or receivable whichever is earlier, unless the grant relates to a future year, in which case it is deferred.
Income from charitable activities is credited to the Statement of Financial Activities when received or receivable whichever is earlier, unless it relates to a specific future year or event, in which case it is deferred.
## Expenditure and irrecoverable VAT
All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been included under expense categories that aggregate all costs for allocation to activities.
Grants to partners are recognised as expenditure when there is a legal or constructive obligation to make the grant. This is usually on receipt of the monthly report from the relevant partner organisation.
Indirect costs, including governance costs, which cannot be directly attributed to activities, are allocated proportionate to direct costs allocated to each project area, as outlined in note 4 of the financial statements.
Irrecoverable VAT is charged against the category of expenditure for which it was incurred.
Tangible fixed assets and depreciation
All assets costing more than £500 are capitalised.
Tangible fixed assets are stated at cost less depreciation. Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost of fixed assets, less their residual value, over their useful life, on a straight-line basis. The useful life used is:
Computer equipment 3 years
Financial Statements | Page 31
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## Cash at bank and in hand
Cash at bank and in hand includes cash in hand, deposits with banks and funds that are readily convertible into cash at, or close to, their carrying values, but are not held for investment purposes.
## Debtors
Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount after any trade discount is applied. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid net of any trade discounts due.
## Creditors
Creditors are recognised where the Charity has a present obligation resulting from a past event that will probably result in the transfer of funds to a third party, and the amount due to settle the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably.
## Pensions
The Charity operates a defined contribution pension scheme which is administered by an external independent pension provider. Contributions are recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities as they fall due.
have a significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements nor do any estimates or assumptions made carry a significant risk of material adjustment in the next financial year.
## Financial instruments
Basic financial instruments are measured at amortised cost other than investments which are measured at fair value.
## Foreign currencies
Foreign currency balances have been translated at the exchange rate ruling at the Balance Sheet date.
Income and expenditure transactions have been translated at the prevailing rate at the time of the transaction.
## Operating leases
Rentals applicable to operating leases have been charged to the Statement of Financial Activities in the year to which the cost relates.
## Critical estimates and judgements
In preparing financial statements it is necessary to make certain judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts recognised in the financial statements.
In the view of the Trustees in applying the accounting policies adopted, no judgements were required that
Financial Statements | Page 32
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## 2. Income from donations and legacies
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023
£ £ £
Donations 191,109 252,758 443,867
Grants 46,494 191,459 237,953
237,603 444,217 681,820
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £
Donations 239,304 15,000 254,304
Grants 97,401 144,500 241,901
336,705 159,500 496,205
**----- End of picture text -----**
## 3. Income from other trading activities
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023
£ £ £
Fundraising events 36,179 3,504 39,683
36,179 3,504 39,683
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £
Fundraising events 52,758 35,000 87,758
52,758 35,000 87,758
**----- End of picture text -----**
Financial Statements | Page 33
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## 4. Total expenditure
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Grants to Other direct Direct Support Total
partners costs staff costs costs costs
Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023
£ £ £ £ £
Raising funds - 42,504 67,990 13,515 124,009
Charitable activities 452,095 44,473 53,081 67,231 616,880
452,095 86,977 121,071 80,746 740,889
Grants to Other direct Direct Support Total
partners costs staff costs costs costs
Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £ £ £
-
Raising funds 69,192 60,423 16,028 145,643
Charitable activities 270,146 14,342 44,622 40,696 369,806
270,146 83,534 105,045 56,724 515,449
**----- End of picture text -----**
Indirect costs, including governance costs, which cannot be directly attributed to activities, were allocated between cost centres proportionate to the direct costs allocated to those activities.
An analysis of the expenditure on raising funds split between restricted and unrestricted funds can be found in note 5.
An analysis of charitable activities split between restricted and unrestricted funds can be found in note 6.
A full list of grants made in the year is available from the registered office address on request.
Support costs consist of the following:
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Total Total
costs costs
Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022
£ £
Indirect staff costs 21,341 11,831
Premises 13,944 11,452
Administrative costs 41,681 29,946
Governance costs 3,780 3,495
80,746 56,724
**----- End of picture text -----**
Financial Statements | Page 34
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
Governance costs consists of the following:
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Total Total
costs costs
Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022
£ £
Independent examination 2,457 2,160
Insurance 1,323 1,335
3,780 3,495
**----- End of picture text -----**
## 5. Expenditure on raising funds
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023
£ £ £
Other direct costs 42,158 346 42,504
Staff costs 67,990 - 67,990
Support costs 13,515 - 13,515
123,663 346 124,009
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £
Other direct costs 23,062 46,130 69,192
Staff costs 19,345 41,078 60,423
Support costs 8,327 7,701 16,028
50,734 94,909 145,643
**----- End of picture text -----**
Financial Statements | Page 35
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## 6. Expenditure on charitable activities
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023
£ £ £
Grants to organisations 158,261 293,834 452,095
Other direct costs 782 43,691 44,473
Staff costs 32,916 20,165 53,081
Support costs 28,158 39,073 67,231
220,117 396,763 616,880
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £
-
Grants to organisations 270,146 270,146
Other direct costs 835 13,507 14,342
Staff costs 44,622 - 44,622
Support costs 21,146 19,550 40,696
336,749 33,057 369,806
**----- End of picture text -----**
## 7. Staff numbers and costs
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Total Total
costs costs
Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022
£ £
Gross salaries 131,389 105,779
Employer's NIC 7,051 7,779
Employer's pension 3,972 3,318
142,412 116,876
**----- End of picture text -----**
The average headcount during the year was 5 persons (2022: 3 persons).
No employee received employee benefits of more than £60,000 (2022: NIL).
The total remuneration paid to key management personnel during the year was £61,904 (2022: £56,605).
Financial Statements | Page 36
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## 8. Tangible fixed assets
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Computer
equipment Total
£ £
Cost
At 1 April 2022 1,260 1,260
Additions in year 520 520
At 31 March 2023 1,780 1,780
Depreciation
At 1 April 2022 824 824
Charge for year 562 562
At 31 March 2023 1,386 1,386
Net book value
At 1 April 2022 436 436
At 31 March 2023 394 394
**----- End of picture text -----**
## 9. Debtors
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Total Total
Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022
£ £
Prepayments 2,229 2,959
Rent deposit and other debtors 3,086 2,812
5,315 5,771
**----- End of picture text -----**
## 10. Creditors – amounts falling due within one year
|Trade creditors|**Total**
**Year ended**
**31 Mar 2023**
**£**
**3,471**|_Total_
_Year ended_
_31 Mar 2022_
_£_
_4,129_|
|---|---|---|
|Grants payable to organisations|**150,096**|_148,105_|
|Accruals|**4,263**|_3,966_|
|HMRC control account|**-**|_2,570_|
|Pension control account|**404**|_666_|
||**158,234**|_159,436_|
Financial Statements | Page 37
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## 11. Grants payable
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Total Total Total Total
funds funds funds funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £ £
Brought forward on 1 April 2022 148,105 131,206
Grants awarded in period 452,095 270,146
Net grants awarded 452,095 270,146
Paid in year (468,978) (253,223)
Exchange movement on non-GBP grants 18,874 (24)
Carried forward on 31 March 2023 150,096 148,105
Grants payable are due within the following time
frames:
Total Total
funds funds
Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2022
£ £
Payable in less than one year 150,096 148,105
150,096 148,105
**----- End of picture text -----**
Financial Statements | Page 38
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## 12. Analysis of charity funds
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Balance Income Expenditure Transfer Balance
brought for the in the between carried
forward period period funds forward
Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023
£ £ £ £ £
Unrestricted funds 270,963 273,850 (343,780) (6,426) 194,607
Restricted funds
- - -
Asfari digital grant 346 (346)
Earthquake appeal - 371,905 (242,174) - 129,731
Edenbeg grant 20,000 - (20,000) - -
Prism the Gift Fund 57,000 - - - 57,000
- - -
Polar Capital 10,478 (10,478)
Prosthetics 41,869 34,708 (96,611) 20,034 -
SAMS - 13,608 - (13,608) -
SAWA - 27,500 (27,500) - -
Restricted funds 129,693 447,721 (397,109) 6,426 186,731
Total funds 400,656 721,571 (740,889) - 381,338
**----- End of picture text -----**
## Asfari digital grant
This grant was provide by the Asfari Foundation to support digital growth within the charity.
## Earthquake appeal
These are funds raised to support the work responding to the earthquake in February 2023.
## Edenbeg grant
This grant was provided by the Edenbeg Charitable Trust to support the costs of our Singing for Syrians campaign and contribute to core costs.
## Prism the Gift Fund
This grant was provided by Choose Love via Prism the Gift Fund to support work with a partner.
## Prosthetics
These funds were received to support a pilot programme focussing on providing lightweight, affordable prostheses for people with upper limb difference on the Syrian Turkish border. The trustees agreed to support this work with £20,034 of unrestricted funds in the year.
## SAMS
These funds were received to support a grant committed in the prior year and so were offset against the original unrestricted commitment.
## SAWA
These funds were received to support our work with SAWA.
## Polar Capital
This donation was provided to support the organisational capacity of Hands Up.
Financial Statements | Page 39
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## 12. Analysis of charity funds (continued)
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Balance Income Expenditure Transfer Balance
brought for the in the between carried
forward period period funds forward
Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £ £ £
Unrestricted funds 272,017 389,541 (387,483) (3,112) 270,963
Restricted funds
12 days of Christmas - 35,000 (35,730) 730 -
-
Asfari grant 18,900 37,500 (58,711) 2,311
- -
Asfari digital grant 3,054 (2,708) 346
Edenbeg grant 13,093 20,000 (13,164) 71 20,000
Prism the Gift Fund - 57,000 - - 57,000
- -
Polar Capital 15,000 (4,522) 10,478
Prosthetics 25,000 30,000 (13,131) - 41,869
Restricted funds 60,047 194,500 (127,966) 3,112 129,693
Total funds 332,064 584,041 (515,449) - 400,656
**----- End of picture text -----**
## 12 days of Christmas
These were funds received to support the Christmas Singing for Syrians campaign.
## Asfari grant
This grant was provided by the Asfari Foundation as instalment 3 of a three-year grant to build the organisational capacity of Hands Up.
Financial Statements | Page 40
Notes to the financial statements
The Hands Up Foundation Annual report and financial statements Year ended 31 March 2023
## 13. Analysis of net assets
**----- Start of picture text -----**
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023 31 Mar 2023
£ £ £
Fixed assets 394 - 394
Current assets 352,447 186,731 539,178
Current liabilities (158,234) - (158,234)
194,607 186,731 381,338
Unrestricted Restricted Total
Funds Funds Funds
Year ended Year ended Year ended
31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022
£ £ £
Fixed assets 436 - 436
Current assets 429,963 129,693 559,656
Current liabilities (159,436) - (159,436)
270,963 129,693 400,656
**----- End of picture text -----**
## 14. Trustee remuneration
During the year, no Trustee received any remuneration (2022: £NIL). No members of the Board of Trustees received reimbursement of travel and subsistence expenses during the year (2022: £NIL).
## 15. Related party transactions
During the year, there were no related party transactions (2022: £NIL).
Financial Statements | Page 41
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