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Trustees’ Annual Report and Financial Statements Page 1 of 40

Trustees’ Annual Report and Financial Statements

2024

About us .............................................................................................................................. 4 Our Profile ........................................................................................................................ 5 Our Mission ..................................................................................................................... 6 Our Readcycling Model ................................................................................................... 7 Our Impact Goal .............................................................................................................. 8 Our Fundraising Goal ...................................................................................................... 9 Key Peformance Indicators (KPI) Report........................................................................ 10 Impact Report ................................................................................................................... 16 Impact Summary 2024 ................................................................................................. 17 Countries Impacted in Africa 2024 .............................................................................. 18 Featured Impact Report 2024 ...................................................................................... 19 Featured Sponsors and Partners 2024 ....................................................................... 20 Trustees’ Annual Report................................................................................................... 21 Trustee Report 2024 ..................................................................................................... 22 Statement of Trustee Responsibilities ........................................................................ 25 Independent Examiners Report 2024 .......................................................................... 26 Statement of Financial Activities 2024 ....................................................................... 27 Statement of Financial Position 2024 ......................................................................... 28 Notes To The Financial Statements 2024 .................................................................. 29

About us

Our Profile

Charity Registered Name	Books To Africa International
Registered Trademark	Books2Africa
Founded	January 2012 (12 years)
UK Registered Charity No	1152599
UK Registered Company No	08528635
Registered Office	Unit 2, Barton Business Park, New Dover Road, Canterbury, CT1 3AA
Bankers	Barclays Bank, 9, St George's St, Canterbury, CT1 2JX
Accountants	Tracey Pearcy FCCA, Levicks Accountants, 12 Dover Street, Canterbury, CT1 3HD
Trustees	1. Dr T Sango – Founding Trustee 2. Dr P Sango – Founding Trustee 3. Mr C Sango – Founding Trustee 4. Mr G Sango – Founding Trustee 5. Ms A Kieffer – Honorary Trustee 6. Ms A Nandan – Honorary Trustee 7. Mr P Ikeru – Honorary Trustee 8. Ms L Mpofu – Honorary Trustee 9. Ms S Bell – Honorary Trustee
Registered with Professional Bodies	• HMRC • The Charity Commission • Companies House • Fundraising Regulator • Pensions Regulator • Information Commissioner’s Office • UN ECOSOC Consultative Status
Charity Contact Details	Email:info@books2africa.org Phone:+441227392239 Website:www.books2africa.org

Our Mission

Educating people, protecting the environment.

Books2Africa’s mission is to promote a culture of ‘readcycling’ and improve the quality of education in Africa, through the collection, processing, shipping and distribution of quality books, computers and educational materials that equip individuals, institutions, and communities to acquire knowledge and achieve their full potential in a globalised world.

Our Readcycling Model

“We use too much and are too ready to throw things away”.

According to the UK Government’s Waste Strategy, “we use too much and are too ready to throw things away, and this waste causes damage if it is not managed properly. We can no longer ignore this” (p 15). Therefore, the goal is to “keep resources in use for as long as possible” (p 15) and “help our society move away from a ‘take, make, use and throw’ approach to resources and materials and instead waste less and reuse, recycle and repair more” (p 16). We should aim to “leave behind our traditional linear economic model and create a more sustainable and efficient circular model from which the environment, the economy and society all benefit” (p 16).

Books2Africa’s ‘readcycling’ model extends the life of books, computers and educational materials and prevents them from going to landfill via an efficient system that enables the collecting and processing of educational materials across the UK, and shipping/redistributing them to educational projects across Africa. Our Readcycling model works, and it complements the UK Government’s Waste Strategy as well as the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals 4 (Quality Education) and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production).

Our Impact Goal

Readcycle 1 million books and 1 thousand computers annually.

Books2Africa’s impact goal is to readcycle 1 million books (500,000 kg) and 1,000 computers (3,000 kg) every year. We can achieve this with the help and support of donors (who donate educational materials), sponsors (who fund shipments to Africa), team members (paid staff and volunteers who process donated items) and educational projects (organisations across Africa who receive donated items and make them accessible to beneficiaries). We also rely on our partners who work with us to establish and run Books2Africa Drop-off Points in the UK and Distribution Centres across Africa.

Did you know?

At least 13 million books are thrown away and go to landfill in the UK every year according to conservative estimates by CODEP.
According to UNESCO’s and The World Bank’s reports, 90% of children who attend school in Africa (202 million children) cannot read or write proficiently after finishing school in part because they lack educational resources.

Our Fundraising Goal

Raise £200,000 annually for our 1 Million Books Fund.

Educational projects (schools, universities, community libraries etc) across Africa who need donated books and computers apply via our website. Approved projects are required to raise funds to cover the processing and shipping costs of their donated materials. However, most of these approved projects are unable to raise the needed funds and Books2Africa must rely on the support of generous sponsors. Consequently, every year, Books2Africa's aims to raise £200,000 for our 1 Million Books Fund which is used exclusively to fund the processing and shipping costs of 1 million donated books and 1 thousand donated computers. The overheads of the charity are covered by Charity Shop which sells a maximum of 20% of donated items.

Key Peformance Indicators (KPI) Report

Books saved from landfill in the UK

This KPI measures how many donated books were received by Books2Africa and prevented from going to landfill in the UK. 1 pallet of books is equivalent to 25 parcel boxes, 1000 books and 500kg.

2024 Total 426,000 Previous Year 406,000 Target 1,200,000

Notes: We had two drop-off points this year and they’re starting to make a difference to the number of donated items compared to the previous year.

Funds raised from our Charity Shop for overheads

This KPI measures how much was raised by the charity from our Charity Shop sales in the UK to fund the charity’s overhead costs – rent, rates, bills, staff, etc.

2024 Total £184,932 Previous Year £105,024 Target £300,000

Notes: Channelling more items towards retail led to a major improvement in Charity Shop income compared to previous year.

Funds raised from sponsors for our 1 Million Books Fund

This KPI measures how much was raised by the charity from financial donations towards our 1 Million Books Fund to cover the costs of shipping educational materials to Africa.

2024 Total £60,550 Previous Year £70,428 Target £200,000

Notes: Figures may differ from the financial statements in later pages due to fundraising platform fees and Gift Aid not included here. A small decline in grants received compared to previous year.

Books requested and shipped to projects across Africa

This KPI measures how many donated books were shipped from the UK to Africa, directly to beneficiary projects and indirectly via Books2Africa Distribution Centres.

----- Start of picture text -----
2024 Requested 1,039,001 Previous Year 1,263,050 Target 1,000,000
2023 Shipped 534,660 Previous Year 561,798 Target 1,000,000
----- End of picture text -----

Notes: Limitations in funding for our 1 Million Book Fund affects how many requests for donated books we can fulfil.

Computers requested and shipped to projects across Africa

This KPI measures how many donated computers were requested and shipped from the UK to Africa, directly to beneficiary projects and indirectly via Books2Africa Distribution Centres.

2024	Requested	264	Previous Year	402	Target	1,000
2024	Shipped	155	Previous Year	103	Target	1,000

Notes: Tech refurbishing programme will be concluding 4-year pilot phase at the end of this year.

Impact Report

Impact Summary 2024

1[st] Jan 2012 - 31[st] Dec 2024

----- Start of picture text -----
Books
Shipped
3,836,597
Computers
Shipped
412
Kilos of materials
readcycled
1,920,359
----- End of picture text -----

Notes :

Our computer refurbishing programme was launched in October 2020. An average weight of 500kg per 1,000 books and 5kg per computer is used to work out the tonnage of readcycled materials.

Countries Impacted in Africa 2024

Countries in Africa where projects have received readcycled educational materials.

----- Start of picture text -----
TUNISIA
A GERIA
IB A
WESTERN EG T
SA ARA
AURITANIA
CA E ERDE A I
NIGER SUDAN ERITREA
C AD
T E GA BIA
BURKINA ASO D IBOUTI
GUINEA BISSAU GUINEA
NIGERIA SO A IA
SIERRA COTE D SOUT ET IO IA
EONE I OIRE G ANA CENTRA A RICAN SUDAN
RE UB IC
IBERIA
EQ. GUINEA
S O TO AND KEN A
R NCI E GABON
RWANDA
DR CONGO BURUNDI SE C E ES
TAN ANIA
ountries m acted
y oo s rica CO OROS
A OTTE
ANGO A A AWI
A BIA
SAINT E ENA
O A BIQUE
I BABWE AURITIUS
REUNION
NA IBIA
BOTSWANA
ESWATINI
ESOT O
SOUT A RICA
2024 Total 24 Previous Year 23 Target 54
----- End of picture text -----

Notes: English-speaking African countries benefit more than others because majority of donated books in the UK are in English. First shipment to Madagascar this year.

Featured Impact Report 2024

St. Michael’s Primary School, Nami ia

----- Start of picture text -----
Books Computers Students Teachers Shipment
Delivered Delivered Impacted Impacted Sponsor
1 Million Book
1,000 0 300 15 Fund
----- End of picture text -----

Report Summary

“Our school is located on a farm in the middle of nowhere. Because the library now contains books at their reading level, the learners want to hang out in the library and read. They are no longer bored and misbehaving. The books that have been the most useful are the short children's books. The reason for this is because all grades can use these for English proficiency. Before school got out, we had the grade 1 and 2 children reading to the older children, and we had the older children practice their inflection and creative reading skills by reading to the younger children."

Read the full report and more online at

https://books2africa.org/st-michaels-primary-school-namibia/

Featured Sponsors and Partners 2024

A huge thank you to the following sponsors for their support this year:

Donated £8,000

Donated £5,000

Donated £3,000

To sponsor a shipment ,

Trustees’ Annual Report

Trustee Report 2024

The trustees present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in note 1 to the financial statements and comply with the charity's [governing document], the Companies Act 2006 and "Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)" (effective 1 January 2019).

Objective

The charity remains focused on its mission to promote a culture of ‘readcycling’ and improve the quality of education in Africa, through the collection, processing, shipping and distribution of quality books, computers and educational materials that equip individuals, institutions, and communities to acquire knowledge and achieve their full potential in a globalised world.

Director’s Re ort on Performance

In 2024, the charity collected 426,000 donated books from donors across the UK. This equates to 42% of our annual 1,000,000 donated books target compared to 40% in the previous year. In addition to our Canterbury Processing Centre, We ran 2 drop-off points this year (Cambridge and Bristol) and they’re starting to make a difference to the number of donated items compared to the previous year. Thanks to your donations, we have also now purchased a 20ft container that will be used to set-up a new Drop-off Point at a School in Hemel Hempstead in 2025.

Books2Africa remains committed to ensuring only suitable and good quality educational materials are sent to Africa. In 2024, our team consisting of 80% volunteers, processed 548,830 donated books at our Canterbury Processing Centre. Our International Volunteer Programme (IVP) continues to complement our UK volunteer workforce to ensure we have enough capacity to process 1,000,000 donated books annually and we look forward to continuing and expanding the programme.

The charity is funded by income from sponsors (voluntary donations) and income from our charity shop (trading). In 2024, we raised £60,550 in voluntary donations from sponsors which represents 30% of our annual £200,000 target, compared to 35% in the previous year. We are thankful to the following sponsors who made donations to our 1 Million Books Fund which funds shipments of books and educational resources to Africa: Ninety Foundation (£8,000), The Souter Charitable Trust (£5,000), and The Souter Charitable Trust (£3,000).

From charity shop trading, £184,932 (gross) was raised from selling 4% of donated books and non-book items via online marketplaces in the UK, representing 62% of our annual overhead budget target of £300,000. Investing in technology and other operational adjustments led to this major improvement in charity shop income compared to 35% in the previous year.

Finally, the charity shipped a total of 534,660 donated books to Africa, fulfilling 52% of total books requested during the year (1,039,001) by academic institutions and educational projects across Africa. This represents a small improvement from the previous year when we fulfilled 44% of total books requested. We also shipped a total of 155 refurbished computers to Africa, fulfilling 59% of total computers requested during the year (264) compared to 25% in the previous year. Despite receiving requests for more than 1 million books across Africa every year, limitations in funding for our 1 Million Books Fund continues to affect how many requests for donated books we can fulfil.

In conclusion, the charity's finances are bouncing back, with an improved revenue of £336,563 in 2024 following a decline to £298,245 in 2023. Except for a small decline in funding from sponsors, we made improvements in every other area compared to the previous year. This would not be possible without the relentless efforts of our team members and the incredible generosity of our supporters.

In 2025, we plan to continue building on the hard work of our team last year with a particular focus on 3 priority areas: (A) Improving our operational efficiency by enabling more collaborative working and developing more intuitive technology, (B) Increasing our readcycling capacity and logistical reliability by working with partners to establish more UK Drop-off Points and Africa Distribution Centres, and (C) Growing our 1 Million Books Fund through more consistent grant writing and impact reporting. Making progress in these 3 priority areas will require a strong team approach and a culture of excellence which we’ll continue to enable through team training and supporter’s feedback.

Public Benefit

The trustees have paid due regard to guidance issued by the Charity Commission in deciding what activities the charity should undertake.

Financial Review

The Balance Sheet totals a a deficit of £80,761. The stock held has the estimated value of £60,800. The stock and anticipated loans from trustees are considered sufficient funds for the charity continuing its activities.

Reserves Policy

It is the policy of the charity that unrestricted funds which have not been designated for a specific use should be maintained at a level equivalent to between three and six month’s expenditure. The trustees consider that reserves at this level will ensure that, in the event of a significant drop in funding, they will be able to continue the charity’s

current activities while consideration is given to ways in which additional funds may be raised. This level of resources have been maintained throughout the year.

Structure and Governance

The charity is a company limited by guarantee.

The trustees, who are also the directors for the purpose of company law, and who served during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were:

Dr Tonson Sango Dr Precious Sango Mr Gideon Sango Mr Chumang Sango

Recruitment and appointment of trustees

None of the members of the trustees has any beneficial interest in the company. All of the members of the trustees are members of the company and guarantee to contribute £1 in the event of a winding up.

A Kieffer - Honorary Trustee A Nandan - Honorary Trustee L Mpofu - Honorary Trustee P Ikeru - Honorary Trustee S Bell - Honorary Trustee

The trustee’s annual re ort was a roved by the board of trustees. Stipe Dr Tonson Sango al Dr Precious Sango Trustee Trustee

Date

26 April 2025

Statement of Trustee Responsibilities

The trustees, who are also the directors of Books to Africa International for the purpose of company law, are responsible for preparing the Trustee Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

Company Law requires the trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of the incoming resources and application of resources, including the income and expenditure, of the charitable company for that year.

In preparing these financial statements, the trustees are required to:

Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
Observe the methods and principles in the Charities SORP;
Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and
Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the charity will continue in operation.

The trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Independent Examiners Report 2024

I report on the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2024 , which are set out on pages 27 to 39.

Respective responsibilities of trustees and examiner

The charity's trustees, who are also the directors of Books to Africa International for the purposes of company law, are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements. The trustees consider that an audit is not required for this year under section 144(2) of the Charities Act 2011 (the 2011 Act) and that an independent examination is needed. The charity's gross income exceeded £250,000 and I am qualified to undertake the examination being a qualified member of Tracey Pearcy FCCA.

Having satisfied myself that the charity is not subject to audit under company law and is eligible for independent examination, it is my responsibility to:

(i) examine the financial statements under section 145 of the 2011 Act;
(ii) to follow the procedures laid down in the general Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act; and
(iii) to state whether particular matters have come to my attention.

Basis of independent examiner's report

My examination was carried out in accordance with the general Directions given by the Charity Commission. An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by the charity and a comparison of the financial statements presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the financial statements, and seeking explanations from you as trustees concerning any such matters. The procedures undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit and consequently no opinion is given as to whether the financial statements present a 'true and fair view' and the report is limited to those matters set out in the next statement.

Independent examiner's statement

In connection with my examination, no matter has come to my attention:

(a) which gives me reasonable cause to believe that in any material respect the requirements:
(i) to keep accounting records in accordance with section 386 of the Companies Act 2006; and
(ii) to prepare financial statements which accord with the accounting records, comply with the accounting requirements of section 396 of the Companies Act 2006 and with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice: Accounting and Reporting by Charities; have not been met or
(b) to which, in my opinion, attention should be drawn in order to enable a proper understanding of the financial statements to be reached.

Levicks Tracey Pearcy FCCA Dated: 26 April 2025

12 Dover Street, Canterbury, Kent, CT1 3HD

Statement of Financial Activities 2024

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT


Year Ended 31 December 2024	Note	Unrestricted Funds £	Restricted Funds £	Total Funds 2024 £	Total Funds 2023 £

Income and Endowments
Donations and legacies	2	54,911	5,000	59,911	77,523
Charitable activities	3	263,594	-	263,594	209,494
Investment income	4	40	-	40	3
Other income	5	13,018	-	13,018	11,225

Total Income		331,563	5,000	336,563	298,245

Expenditure Expenditure on charitable activities	6	314,532	-	314,532	313,535
Total Expenditure		314,532	-	314,532	313,535
Net income/(expenditure)		17,031	5,000	22,031	(15,290)
Other gains/(losses)	12	(22)	-	(22)	6
Net movement in funds	8	17,009	5,000	22,009	(15,284)
Reconciliation of Funds: Fund balances at 1 January 2024		(102,770)	-	(102,770)	(87,486)
Fund balances at 31 December 2024		(85,761)	5,000	(80,761)	(102,770)

The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities.

The notes on pages 29 to 39 form part of these financial statements.

Statement of Financial Position 2024

BALANCE SHEET

31 December 2024	Note	2024	2024	2023	2023
		£	£	£	£
FIXED ASSETS Tangible fixed assets CURRENT ASSETS Stocks Debtors Cash at bank and in hand	13 14 15	60,800 7,764 4,892 ~~=~~	7,376 ~~=~~	58,200 3,312 35	9,285
		73,456 ~~=~~	~~=~~	61,547
CREDITORS: amounts falling due within one year	18	(141,174) ~~a~~	~~a~~	(152,405)
NET CURRENT ASSETS		~~a~~	(67,718) ~~a~~		(90,858)
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES		~~pt~~	(60,342) ~~pt~~		(81,573)
CREDITORS: amounts falling due after more than one year	19	~~po}~~	(20,419) ~~po}~~		(21,197)
NET ASSETS excluding pension liability		~~——~~	(80,761) ~~——~~		(102,770)
NET LIABILITIES		~~——~~	(80,761) ~~——~~		(102,770)
FUNDS OF THE CHARITY Restricted income funds Unrestricted funds	20	~~/-—~~	5,000 (85,761) ~~/-—~~		- (102,770)
Total Charity Funds		~~/-—~~	(80,761) ~~/-—~~		(102,770)

The company is entitled to the exemption from the audit requirement contained in section 477 of the Companies Act 2006, for the year ended 31 December 2024 .

The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements.

The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year in question in accordance with section 476.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.

These financial statements were approved by the trustees on 26 April 2025.

_____ _____ Stipe Dr Tonson Sango Dr Precious Sango Sr Trustee Trustee

28 The notes on pages 29 to 39 form part of these financial statements.

Notes To The Financial Statements 2024

1. Accounting Policies

Charity information

Books to Africa International is a private company limited by guarantee, incorporated in England and Wales and a registered charity in England and Wales. The address of the registered office is Unit 2, Barton Business Park, New Dover Road, Canterbury, Kent, CT1 3AA.

1.1. Accounting Convention

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the charity's (governing document], the Companies Act 2006, FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland" ("FRS 102") and the Charities SORP "Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)" (effective 1 January 2019). The charity is a Public Benefit Entity as defined by FRS 102.

The charity has taken advantage of the provisions in the SORP for charities not to prepare a Statement of Cash Flows.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the charity. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, [modified to include the revaluation of freehold properties and to include investment properties and certain financial instruments at fair value]. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

1.2. Going Concern

At the time of approving the financial statements, the trustees have a reasonable expectation that the charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus, the trustees continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.

1.3. Charitable Funds

Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the trustees in furtherance of their charitable objectives.

Restricted funds are subject to specific conditions by donors or grantors as to how they may be used. The purposes and uses of the restricted funds are set out in the notes to the financial statements.

Endowment funds are subject to specific conditions by donors that the capital must be maintained by the charity.

1.4. Income

Income is recognised when the charity is legally entitled to it after any performance conditions have been met, the amounts can be measured reliably, and it is probable that income will be received.

Cash donations are recognised on receipt. Other donations are recognised once the charity has been notified of the donation, unless performance conditions require deferral of the amount. Income tax recoverable in relation to donations received under Gift Aid or deeds of covenant is recognised at the time of the donation.

Legacies are recognised on receipt or otherwise if the charity has been notified of an impending distribution, the amount is known, and receipt is expected. If the amount is not known, the legacy is treated as a contingent asset.

1.5. Expenditure

Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement, and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.

Expenditure is classified by activity. The costs of each activity are made up of the total of direct costs and shared costs, including support costs involved in undertaking each activity. Direct costs attributable to a single activity are allocated directly to that activity. Shared costs which contribute to more than one activity and support costs which are not attributable to a single activity are apportioned between those activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. Central staff costs are allocated on the basis of time spent, and depreciation charges are allocated on the portion of the asset's use.

Development costs 100% straight line

1.6. Tangible Fixed Assets

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Fixtures and fittings	25% reducing balance
Computers	25% reducing balance
Motor vehicles	25% reducing balance

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is recognised in the statement of financial activities.

1.7. Impairment of fixed assets

At each reporting end date, the charity reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).

1.8. Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition. Items held for distribution at no or nominal consideration are measured the lower of replacement cost and cost.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution.

1.9. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other shortterm liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.

1.10. Financial Instruments

The charity has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 'Basic Financial Instruments' and Section 12 'Other Financial Instruments Issues' of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the charity's balance sheet when the charity becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Basic financial liabilities

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors and bank loans are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of operations from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the charity's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

1.11. Employee benefits

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee's services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the charity is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

1.12. Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessees. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets at the lower of the assets fair value at the date of inception and the present value of the minimum lease payments. The related liability is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements. The interest is charged to net income/(expenditure) for the year so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

2. Income from donations and legacies

	Unrestricted Funds 2024 £	Restricted Funds 2024 £	Total Funds 2024 £	Unrestricted Funds 2023 £	Restricted Funds 2023 £	Total Funds 2023 £

Donations and gifts	21,198	5,000	26,198	32,421	-	34,421
Donations received by the charity						45,102
	33,713	-	33,713	45,102	-

	54,911	5,000	59,911	77,523	-	77,523

3. Income from charitable activities

	Unrestricted Funds £	Total Funds 2024 £	Unrestricted Funds £	Total Funds 2023 £
Book Sales Sales of goods	175,380	175,380	125,119	125,119
International shipping Services provided under contract	42,889	42,889	34,684	34,684
Collections Services provided under contract	45,325	45,325	49,691	49,691

	263,594	263,594	209,494	209,494

4. Income from investments

	Unrestricted Funds £	Total Funds 2024 £	Unrestricted Funds £	Total Funds 2023 £
Interest receivable	40	40	3	3

5. Other income

	Unrestricted Funds £	Total Funds 2024 £	Unrestricted Funds £	Total Funds 2023 £
Net gain on disposal of tangible fixed assets	-	-	3,411	3,411
Gift Aid Income	13,018	13,018	7,814	7,814
	13,018	13,018	11,225	11,225

6. Expenditure on charitable activities

	Charitable activities 2024 £	Charitable activities 2023 £
Direct costs
Opening Stock	58,201	49,998
Charity Purchases for resale	28,213	39,318
Closing Stock	(60,800)	(58,200)
Staff salaries and volunteer expenses	87,508	86,593
Staff salaries – Employers National Insurance Contributions	729	2,951
Storage Rent	46,379	44,483

Light & Heat	3,493	5,108
Property Repairs & Maintenance	4,048	397
Consultancy	22,500	-
Fund Raising	7,759	2,770
Loan Interest	1,674	2,029
Domestic Shipping	39,358	19,879
International Shipping	26,246	39,139
BTA Projects	4,009	3,331
Other charitable expenditure	39,680	36,564

	308,997	274,360

Share of support and governance costs (see note 7)
Governance	5,535	39,175

	314,532	313,535

Analysis by fund
Unrestricted funds	314,532	313,535

7. Support costs allocated to activities

	Charitable activities 2024 £	Charitable activities 2023 £

Governance	5,535	39,175
	5,535	39,175

8. Net movement in funds

The net movement in funds is stated after charging/(crediting):

	2024 £	2023 £
Depreciation of owned tangible fixed assets	2,459	3,095
Loss/(Profit) on disposal of tangible fixed assets	-	(3,411)

9. Trustees

One or more trustees has been paid remuneration or received other benefits from employment with the charity.

Dr T Sango is still employed with charity and the employment contact is in agreement with the Memorandum & Articles. The trustee (Mr T Sango) is still Chair of the Board of Trustees but has lost his voting rights.

The charity did not pay T Sango from Apr 2024 - Dec 2024, totalling £22,500 (£2,500 per month).

Dr P Sango had lent the charity £19,400 during the year and £57,330 has been repaid by the year end leaving the balance due to the trustee £59,582 (2023 - £97,512). The loan is repayable on demand and is at 0% interest rate.

10. Employees

	2024 Number	2023 Number
The average monthly number of employees during the year was:	3	7

Employment Costs	2024 £	2023 £
Wages and salaries	22,500	28,497
Social security costs	-	1,053
	22,500	29,550

There were no employees whose annual remuneration was more than £60,000.

11. Taxation

The charity is exempt from taxation on its activities because all its income is applied for charitable purposes.

12. Other gains and losses

	Unrestricted funds 2024 £	Unrestricted funds 2023 £
Gains/(losses) upon:
Foreign exchange	22	(6)

13. Tangible fixed assets

	Fixtures and fittings £	Computers £	Motor vehicles £	Total £
Cost At 1 January 2024 Disposals	20,393 -	1,491 550	- -	21,884 550
At 31 December 2024	20,393	2,041	-	22,434
Depreciation and impairment At 1 January 2024 Depreciation charged in the year				12,599 2,459

	11,295 2,275	1,304 184	- -
At 31 December 2024	13,570	1,488	-	15,058
Carrying amount At 31 December 2024	6,823	553	-	7,376
At 31 December 2023	9,098	187	-	9,285

14. Stocks

	2024 £	2023 £
Raw materials and consumables	60,800	58,200

15. Debtors

Amounts falling due within one year:	2024 £	2023 £
Other debtors	7,764	3,312

16. Loans and overdrafts

	2024 £	2023 £
Bank overdrafts Bank loans Directors’ loans	348 24,608 59,582	522 21,209 97,512
	84,538	119,243

Payable within one year	70,884	106,810
Payable after oneyear	13,654	12,433

17. Finance lease obligations

Future minimum lease payments due under finance leases:

	2024 £	2023 £
Within one year Within two and five years	2,000 6,765	2,000 8,764
	8,765	10,764

18. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

	Notes	2024 £	2023 £
Bank loans and overdrafts Obligations under finance leases contracts Other borrowings Other taxation and social security Other creditors Accruals and deferred income	16 17	11,302 2,000 59,582 44,490 22,500 1,300	9,298 2,000 97,512 44,309 (3,194) 2,480
		141,174	152,405

19. Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year

	Notes	2024 £	2023 £
Bank loans Obligations under finance leases	16 17	13,654 6,765	12,433 8,764
		20,419	20,419

20. Restricted funds

The restricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants held on trust subject to specific conditions by donors as to how they may be used.

	At 1 January 2024 £	Incoming Resources £	At 31 December 2024 £
	-	5,000	5,000

21. Unrestricted funds

The unrestricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants which are not subject to specific conditions by donors and granters as to how they may be used. These include designated funds which have been set aside out of unrestricted funds by the trustees for specific purposes.

	At 1 January 2024 £	Incoming resources £	Resources expended £	Gains and losses £	At 31 December 2024 £
General funds	(102,770)	331,563	(314,532)	(22)	(85,761)
Previous year:	At 1 January 2023 £	Incoming resources £	Resources expended £	Gains and losses £	At 31 December 2023 £
General funds	(87,486)	298,245	(313,535)	6	(102,770)

22. Analysis of net assets between funds

	Unrestricted Funds 2024 £	Restricted Funds 2024 £	Total 2024 £
At 31 December 2024: Tangible assets Current assets/(liabilities) Long term liabilities	7,376 (72,718) (20,419)	- 5,000 -	7,376 (67,718) (20,419)
	(85,761)	5,000	(80,761)
Previous year:	Unrestricted Funds 2024 £	Restricted Funds 2024 £	Total 2023 £
At 31 December 2023: Tangible assets Current assets/(liabilities) Long term liabilities	9,285 (90,858) (21,197)	- - -	9,285 (90,858) (21,197)
	(102,770)	-	(102,770)

23. Donated goods and volunteers

The charity receives most of its stock through books donated from organisations within the UK. The value has been placed at 10p per book as this reflects the work involved of preparing the books ready for shipping to Africa.

Volunteers also offer their labour free of charge as and when they are needed and available.

24. Related parties

There were no disclosable related party transactions during the year (2023 - none).

For more information, contact us via:

www.books2africa.org info@books2africa.org +441227392239

2024-12-31-accounts