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2023-03-31-accounts

Registered Company Number 07787718 (England & Wales) Registered Charity Number 1144562

Trustees’ Annual Report and Accounts For the year ended 31[st] March 2023

2 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Contents

3 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Chairman’s statement and annual review

Dr Duncan Macrae Chairman the Board of Trustees

The post COVID landscape brought with it new challenges in the health sector. Following the re-opening of Vietnam, we worked quickly to resume safe face-to-face teaching to complete training courses commenced in 2019.

At the heart of our work to support the Ministry of Health achieve its goals set out in the National Action Plan for Children 2021-2030 to decrease the infant mortality rate from around 15 per 1,000 live births to under 9.5 per 1000 by 2025 and under 9 per 1000 by 2030 is the strategy that I set for our work in Vietnam in 2011, of getting the basics right for every baby, with simple effective and affordable care . Today our core mantra is enshrined in the World Health Organisation’s Early Essential Newborn Care and is embedded in all our teaching.

I am proud of our partnerships with our many public sector partners, and believe that together we can overcome the barriers to change that are evident in many middleincome countries as they scale up delivery of evidence-based neonatal intensive care. The primary challenge to the provision of quality neonatal care in Vietnam are high patient to staff ratios. This persistent challenge places undue pressure on clinical and nursing teams potentially leading to compromised care. Our work over the years has shown that specialist competency based neonatal training (theory and clinical) for both nurses and doctors is key to improving survival but is also critical to achieving survival without long-term disability.

The adoption of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Newborn Life Support (NLS) course as the single newborn resuscitation programme for Vietnam is a very positive step to ensure that all delivery room health professionals have the skills to correctly resuscitate newborn babies. This year we have made great progress in embedding NLS in twenty nine provinces in north Vietnam.

I am filled with admiration for the dedication and commitment of our UK neonatal consultants and nurse educators, many have taught every year in Vietnam since the first neonatal postgraduate course in Da Nang in 2015. They show exceptional dedication to sharing UK knowledge and expertise. When I hear first-hand or read the feedback from Vietnamese doctors and nurses participating in our training programmes their words make me determined to find new ways to end preventable newborn deaths and minimise survivor disability in Vietnam.

We clearly have major challenges ahead. New legislation for INGOs in Vietnam is already impacting how we operate our medical education programmes. As we develop our latest 5 year plan, we are determined to address these new challenges and look forward to a future supporting the delivery of relevant and effective neonatal programmes.

Dr Duncan Macrae – Chairman

4 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Executive Director’s statement

It has been another extraordinary year, after almost two years of online teaching, in April 2022 Vietnam fully reponed and we welcomed back our UK neonatal postgraduate teaching team and the Newborn Life Support faculty. We emerged from the Covid-19 pandemic with new ways of working, we will continue to provide learning through a mix of in-person and online activities. This approach allows us to better engage with the remote provincial hospitals in areas where mortality remains high.

The pandemic continued to cast a dark shadow over neonatal care, in particular as restrictions for access to neonatal units for both parents and wider family continued to affect the care experiences of babies and their families. The limited but hard-won access to the neonatal intensive care unit we achieved at some central hospitals pre COVID was not reinstated. It therefore remained a significant focus for us during the course of this year to achieve a return to access for parents to babies and to break down the barriers through continuing education to enable family centred care. The shining light is the continued introduction of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) in more and more hospitals and a steady increase in breastfeeding.

We also built on the light shone by the pandemic on the importance of hand hygiene, with excellent hand hygiene quality improvement projects, showing a sustained improvement in the rate of handwashing that can be achieved by retraining staff, simple messages and regular audits.

We have been very pleased to make strong progress this year with our flagship project the Newborn Life Support (NLS) resuscitation programme. We are close to achieving our first objective of a self-sustaining faculty of Vietnamese, NLS instructors for north Vietnam, who can train without overseas support with more than 335 health professionals trained in 29 northern provinces.

And in February 2023 we celebrated the completion of our UK neonatal postgraduate training programme at two central Vietnam hospitals. The excellent examination results were a testament to the commitment of the Vietnamese doctors who balanced a heavy workload and studying in English. The graduation ceremony was the highlight of the year with Her Majesty’s Ambassador to Vietnam, Mr Iain Frew presenting the certificates and encouraging the recipients to continue on a journey of lifelong learning.

We are grateful for the continued support of so many individuals and organisations this year, who have helped us to deliver a stable financial performance in what has remained an extremely challenging external environment. In particular, we would like to pay special tribute to Newborns Vietnam’s, medical and nursing volunteers, who have gone above and beyond all year in their commitment to building the capacity of doctors, nurses and midwives in Vietnam; to improve neonatal care, overcome barriers to changing their practice to give every baby the best chance of survival and a healthy life.

Suzanna Lubran MBE – Executive Director

5 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Realising the promise of a life, love, family and achievement for every baby

This report details our progress against our goals, it is a review of our journey, achievements and challenges over the past year.

We hope the report inspires many more people to support our mission for Vietnam - to end preventable newborn deaths.

6 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

About Newborns Vietnam

Newborns Vietnam is dedicated to reducing neonatal mortality and promoting the health of newborns and their mothers in countries with high levels of neonatal mortality, particularly in southeast Asia but focused on Vietnam.

We are a very focused enterprise that supports the Vietnam’s government’s healthcare agencies to make fundamental improvements to the country’s maternal and neonatal care systems. We work not just through advocacy, but by active, practical partnerships that deliver measurable results and engender their adoption at a national level, maximising the benefit to society. We empower and support health professionals to lead system change adapting British models of training and care systems to the Vietnam context.

We partner with international experts in neonatal intensive care and resuscitation at birth to support the Vietnamese Ministry of Health to achieve the goals set out in the National Action Plan for Children to decrease the infant mortality rate from around 15 per 1,000 live births to under 9.5 per 1000 by 2025 and under 9 per 1000 by 2030.

Our Newborn Life Support (NLS) programme directly supports achieving a reduction in newborn mortality. The course course provides detailed knowledge and practical instruction in the initial resuscitation of babies at birth. It is designed for all health workers, regardless of their discipline or status, who may be called upon to resuscitate a newborn baby. In 2022 we made great progress towards developing a faculty of Vietnamese NLS trained instructors for the north of Vietnam.

We believe that the most effective way of achieving saving newborn lives starts with getting the basics right for every mother and baby. Simple solutions; skin to skin care at birth, early breastfeeding, no unnecessary separation of mother and baby, effective hand hygiene. We work collaboratively with our public health partners, providing a nurturing learning environment to build capacity and knowledge to support excellence in the delivery of basic services for mothers and babies and specialist neonatal intensive care.

While essential newborn care benefits small and sick newborns, adding special and adequately resourced intensive care units for very sick babies would reduce neonatal mortality by almost 50%. It would also promote healthy child development and foster economic productivity. Cost–effective solutions exist for the main causes of neonatal death and disability. This includes newborn infants with complications from prematurity, intrapartum brain injury, severe bacterial infection or pathological jaundice, and those with congenital conditions. Substantial human potential for lifelong health and well-being is lost through neonatal mortality, disability and long-term disease. Furthermore, family members of small and sick newborns are at high risk of long-term psychological and financial problems. These, in turn, can have additional detrimental effects on a newborn’s developmental, social and cognitive growth.

We work to ensure that all babies born too soon, too small and too sick and their families have the best possible chance of survival and of reaching their full potential.

7 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Objectives and activities for the public benefit

In accordance with Section 17 of the Charities Act 2011 contains a legal requirement that all charities’ aims are for the public benefit. The Charity Commission it its “Charities and Public Benefit’ guidance states that there are two key principles to be met in order to show that an organisation’s aims are for the public benefit.

Regular evaluation of outcome data for babies undergoing intensive care demonstrates the clear and positive benefit our programmes have for thousands of babies, their families and the healthcare professionals who care for them. This is particularly through: the provision of UK specialist neonatal training and our world recognised newborn resuscitation programme, quality improvement projects and audits leading to improvement of practice in neonatal units, highlighting the challenges for neonatal care and solutions to address these through supportive advocacy for the adoption of simple but effective solutions to improve care at birth and the hours thereafter.

The aims of our charity are; to advocate for increased policy attention and global funding, develop interventions to reduce neonatal mortality and specifically neonatal nursing and clinical training programmes that are suitable for the local context which can be replicated across Vietnam and in south-east Asia, the provision of life-saving neonatal equipment, and, in partnership with public health providers, to support the development of managed neonatal networks with national and regional centres of excellence, to cascade skills and knowledge to medical staff working in the poorest areas and for those with the least access to medical services.

Implementing our strategy to end preventable newborn deaths

Our 2020-2024 business plan set out an ambitious vision to deliver direct tangible outcomes for premature and sick babies and their families. The strategy is drawn from eleven years of work in Vietnam, our first-hand experience of the limitations of a highly theoretical education system, the lack of an organisational framework for the designation of care in the lower level hospitals, low staffing levels, poorly maintained equipment, no safe transport service and no mandatory national resuscitation training.

The strategy set our aims to achieve the three most important factors identified in the business plan that could improve neonatal care outcomes in Vietnam:

8 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

This is the third year of our current strategy period, and although we have made progress in delivering our mission, it has been impacted and limited by the many challenges of the post COVID period, the economic downturn, exhausted health professionals overstretched during the pandemic, and many changes in the regulatory framework for INGOs.

This year we have more closely aligned our strategy to the National Action Plan for Children with intervention packages, practices that have been proven effective in middle income countries. Our focus is narrowing the gap between the major Cities and provinces central to improving outcomes at birth is implementing nationwide the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Newborn Life Support (NLS) course. Adoption of a national standardised mandatory resuscitation programme has contributed significantly to reduction in neonatal mortality.

The pilot Hanoi neonatal managed network is in its third year of operation, progress slowed during COVID and momentum has not been regained, the major barrier to change is the difficulty of large maternity hospitals in introducing and sustaining Early Essential Newborn Care. We are moving forward with a plan to support two of the six general and district hospitals to achieve designation as Ministry of Health Centres of Breastfeeding Excellence.

During the COVID period work on a new national paediatric curriculum was not a priority, this initiative will continue to move forward but very slowly. The UK/Vietnam Education Partnership is supporting the development of a national examination for licensing doctors to practice medicine and a draft Law 2023 Medical Examination and Treatment will come into force in early 2024.

9 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Impact in the year – what we did

In 2022 we established a firm foundation to scale up the Newborn Life Support (NLS), and opened a two year UK Level neonatal post graduate programme at the National Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Hanoi. Our nurse education partnership with Edinburgh Napier University continues to go from strength to strength as we witness changes in practice that support improved outcomes for babies.

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Nurse Education
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Nurse Mai Thanh Hai:

“At this course, I’ve learned many useful things. I understand what babies have been gone through at NICU, I can understand how our daily treatment actions, all the noises, stress, pains, can affect their brain and neurodevelopment and movements, it changes my awarenes and actions. I can also transfer positive energy to my colleagues. I also understand the importance of family integrated care which I used to think it is so annoying”

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Doctor Education
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10 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Doctor Nguyễn Thị Vân:

“I feel very deeply impressed because I only took training for general paediatrics before, so this is my first time I am being trained as a neonatologist. The course helps me so much to improve my clinical practice to enable me to have more confidence in managing difficult or serious cases.”

Saving Babies Lives – Achievements 2022-23

NLS headline achievements by March 2023:

Learning to Practice

Elizabeth Schonewald, UK Nurse and NLS Instructor :

As a nurse and Newborn Life Support Instructor it is always wonderful to see the progress that candidates make on a course they have attended. Your hope is that the knowledge and skills shared, enthuses the candidates to take that learning into their own practice, cascading the knowledge throughout their own teams. This has clearly been the case with one nurse I met and helped to teach in June 2022. After the course I received a message from her,

11 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

telling me that the knowledge and skills learnt on an NLS course, had been used in a real-life situation. Finding herself in attendance to a collapsed baby, she assessed the situation and quickly recognised that the rest of the team present, including the doctor, lacked the resuscitation skills necessary to provide help. She took control of the situation and used the resuscitation techniques that she had learnt, very effectively and the baby responded.

I am proud that the nurse had the knowledge and skills but more importantly the confidence to respond and lead the staff present to help the baby’s recovery. Nurse Yen feels thankful to have had the opportunity to learn the resuscitation skills, and to have been able to apply those skills with a baby. She shared the knowledge that she had gained, with the team present, they listened to her leading to a positive outcome in this situation.

12 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Overarching Goal: reducing neonatal mortality

The Vietnam National Children’s Hospital in Hanoi is the highest level of neonatal unit in the country. Newborns Vietnam commenced working with the hospital in 2017, providing Neonatal Doctor, and Neonatal Nurse training. In 2022 with an annual neonatal mortality rate of 6.1%, the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital recovered from the reversal in 2021 when during the COVID pandemic only the sickest babies were admitted, which increased the mortality rate to 8.7% compared to 7.5% for the previous year, 2020.

Overall, following the completion of Newborns Vietnam programme of support for the hospital for six years from 2017 to 2022, the annual neonatal mortality rate at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital has more than halved, having reduced from 12.9% to 6.1%, a total reduction in the mortality rate of 52.5%.

VNCH Mortality Rate, 2017-2022

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60%
52.5%
49.6%
50%
41.7%
40%
32.2%
30% 27.3%
18.8% 19.7%
20%
12.9%
11.5% 10.5% 10.5%
9.4% 8.7%
10% 7.5% 6.1%
0.0% 0.0%
0%
Annual Mortality Rate Annual Improvement Cumulative Improvement
-10%
-20% -16.3%
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Rate
Mortality
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13 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Strategy Goal 1: Neonatal post graduate training for junior doctors and nurses

Our UK neonatal consultants and nurse educators from Edinburgh Napier University delivered over 3,000 hours of face to face training for neonatal doctors and nurses from two central Hanoi and nurses at Ho Chi Minh City’s largest maternity hospital.

Nurse Training ; with the aim of sustainability, senior neonatal nurses who had undergone previous training by our partner Edinburgh Napier University (ENU) at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital (VNCH) neonatal unit were invited to deliver specific education topics to the National Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital (Hanoi) student co hort. The nurses from VNCH were supported by ENU staff to develop and present their teaching topic. This innovation was well received and also allowed for networking and exchange of ideas and discussion of practice between the two hospitals. Course materials in Vietnamese were available in advance, to all students in Vietnamese, on a virtual learning environment - Moodle, a platform students had unlimited access to, via desktop or a mobile device.

The programme assessment strategy was specifically designed as integrated throughout the programme, Weekly tests of learning in the form of formative individual multiple-choice test were undertaken, culminating in a final summative assessment. Throughout the training, students also participated in group work, casebased discussion and low fidelity simulation. The final assessment comprised of a multiple-choice exam, an OSCE/minicex/case-based assessment and the development and presentation of a group quality improvement project (QI project) and poster presentation.

The participants were

All achieved above 80% marks and were awarded an ENU certificate of course completion.

The nurses expressed their pride and gratitude for the access to the UK international training programme, and for being taught that simple solutions and minor actions that they haven’t thought of before impact on the baby’s development.

14 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

These are few comments from nurses about the course:

“The class helped me learn more knowledge about newborn babies, especially those with respiratory distress syndrome and how to better care for and monitor premature babies. It brings a fun and vibrant learning atmosphere with open-ended questions so that I can absorb the lesson faster”.

“I feel very honored and lucky to have an opportunity to attend this Neonatal Nursing class. Thank you very much Ms. Anne Moylan, Edinburgh Napier University and Newborns Vietnam”.

15 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Doctor Training: The Level Neonatal Postgraduate Course is adapted from the UK Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health Level 1 curriculum. The course was completed at two hospitals in Hanoi, following a long period of online teaching during COVID. The course is taught by UK Tertiary Level NHS Neonatal Consultants. 21 doctors were enrolled, 20 doctors completed the course.

The primary objective of following a competency-based curriculum is to translate theory into practice, thereby providing doctors with excellent clinical knowledge and skills which could be used in their everyday practice. The Level 1 neonatal curriculum is divided into 17 sections, (respiratory, birth depression, cardiovascular etc.), each section containing many competencies.

The overall aim is to foster a good clinical approach to each baby, an ability to initiate appropriate care and to formulate individual management plans logically and safely.

The doctors on the course were assessed continuously using a variety of methods including case-based discussion (CBD), miniClinical Examination (miniCex) and direct observation of practical procedures (DOPS).

All assessments were entered into each doctor’s personal e-portfolio, which was a record of his/her training journey. The doctors were also expected to make personal entries into two sections of their e-portfolio including reflections on their practice, seeking best practice to manage a complex/rare problem following a literature search, learning points from formal educational sessions, and records of their practical skills. This could be considered as an introduction to future continuing professional development.

The final assessment consisted of two written papers (testing the application of knowledge and skills in different clinical scenarios), presentation of a quality improvement project, objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), A viva, an assessment of each doctor’s e-portfolio all marked according to pre-set criteria. The overall pass mark was 60%. It was very pleasing that there was an average overall increase in attainment from the 2018 pre-course assessment at the two hospitals from 46% to 76%.

Level 1 Examination Results

16 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

A new Level 1 course commenced at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Hanoi in January 2023 for 9 neonatal doctors from with experience range from one year to twenty years. The course leaders were Dr Julian Eason and Dr David Schapira. All participants were issued with our Level 1 Handbook and the course textbook, the 4[th] Edition of Neonatology at a Glance.

17 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Strategy Goal 2: National Newborn Life Support Resuscitation Programme

In May 2022 the Ministry of Health’s Department of Science, Technology Training’s appraisal council approved the European Resuscitation Council’s Newborn Life Support (NLS) as the single programme for Vietnam to be taught by UK/EU instructors until Vietnam achieves a fully qualified faculty of instructors, and thereby can form its own national resuscitation council.

As the coordinator of the international training provision from the UK, it is Newborns Vietnam’s (NBV) task in partnership with Vietnam National Children’s Hospital (VNCH) to support the development of a full trained faculty of Vietnamese instructors for northern Vietnam with the necessary internationally recognised qualifications and experience to be able to train without needing training support from overseas, and so be a self - sustaining operation that ensures all Vietnamese delivery room staff have the skills to save babies lives.

Headline achievements March 2022- March 2023

Strategy Goal 3: Neonatal Network

The initial support for a managed neonatal network has not been maintained. During COVID no progress was made other than the highly successful development and launch of the first Human Milk Bank in Hanoi.

Post COVID, momentum and interest was lost from the two central hospitals in implementing the referral and transfer plan from lower level hospitals.

Of the six lower-level hospitals who signed up to the managed network and to achieve Ministry of Health designation as breastfeeding centres of excellence (CoE) after intensive support and training, only two have made the necessary commitment and progress. The estimated timescale for their achievement of CoE designation is December 2024.

The lack of a safe transport system remains a major factor in poor outcomes. The development of our simple low-cost baby transporter trolley system is progressing, and we expect to handover the first units in 2024.

18 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Fundraising

One of our strategic aims is to grow our partnerships with individuals, businesses and organisations, in 2022 this was realised by continued sponsorship from Edrington and Harbour Energy our long-term partner and new partnerships with VNG Corporation and BIM Group. With these resources we drove forward the Newborn Life Support (NLS), Level 1 postgraduate training, nurse training and the provision of lifesaving equipment for Hanoi city and northern provincial hospitals.

We continued to benefit from sports events throughout the year, the Empire City swim gala was a fantastic community event with six teams, swimming nearly 175 km. We welcomed AVASport 2022 Swim Gala, the winning team, to a roar of applause, huge joy as their captain held the trophy on high. Empire City, GawNP Capital, VNG Embracing Challenges, Nutifood, AVASport and Seedcom teams were all smiles as they received their medals, and were proud to be raising funds for Newborns Vietnam.

The VNG, Da Nang Ironman 70.3 was another triumphant for community involvement, more than 300 runners joined the Newborns RUN, to raise awareness of our important message ‘Every Baby Matters’.

Newborns is proud and grateful to be a beneficiary charity of the Vietnam Mountain Marathon and Vietnam Trail Marathon, the country’s most famous trail runs. This funding supports our work with hospitals in two remote and poor provinces where newborn mortality is high with training and lifesaving equipment. This year the 100mile challenge was very tough but our Newborns heroes made it to the finish line. It is always humbling to see runners push themselves to the limits of their endurance to raise awareness and funds to give the gift of life to more families.

We worked hard to ensure that our supporters who gave so generously understood what they had helped make possible. Making every supporter feel valued, allied to our work and proud of what we have achieved together. Without our many generous partners, we would not have achieved all we have this year. Looking to the year ahead it is not clear what the impact of new legislation introduced in late 2022 will have on Newborns Vietnam’s capacity to deliver our programmes.

19 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Next year: our targets for 2023-2024

In the year ahead there will be new challenges as we address the impact to changes to the regulatory framework in Vietnam for foreign non-governmental organisations, review our achievements against our business plan targets and consider the options to ensure the sustainability of embedding neonatology as a recognised subspecialty within the Vietnamese medical education system. We will remain steadfast in our mission to reduce neonatal mortality.

Our aim remains to achieve by 2025 a self-sustaining Vietnamese faculty of Newborn Life Support (NLS) instructors for the north, south and centre of Vietnam and a Generic Instructor Course (GIC) faculty by 2026.

From mid-2023 we will roll out the NLS programme across the country, confirming new collaborations with public-sector partners in Ho Chi Minh City and Hue and seek a European Resuscitation Council (ERC) assessment for three new NLS course centres.

We will encourage and support our partner hospitals to develop their vision to deliver change with the goal of improving neonatal outcomes and to foster a culture for improvement. We will promote setting up of Perinatal teams - obstetricians, midwives, neonatologists and neonatal nurses, a multi-disciplinary “bottom-up” approach to quality improvement. Our teaching will focus on identifying the barriers to change to develop a realistic road map with clear goals.

A neonatal experience is always extremely difficult, and often traumatic. In Vietnam there can be many barriers which prevent parents from being with their baby. Parents are not visitors. Babies have the very best long-term developmental outcomes if their parents are able to be partners in delivering their baby's care on the neonatal unit. COVID adversely impact progress in this important area, we will redouble our efforts to give every mother and father access to their sick baby.

We will use the midwifery training needs analysis report completed this year to plan a training programme to develop compassionate respectful care at birth.

20 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Legal and administrative information

Charity name

Newborns Vietnam

Charity registration number

1144562

Company registration number

7787718

Legal Status

The organisation is a charitable company limited by guarantee and as such is governed by its Memorandum and Articles of Association. Each member is liable to contribute a sum not exceeding £10 in the event of the charity being wound up.

Registered company office

75 Maygrove Road, London NW6 2EG

Bankers

Barclays Bank 38 Islington Green London N1 8EH

Vietcombank 140-142 Le Loi Street Danang City Vietnam

Auditors

Goldwins Limited Chartered Accountants 75 Maygrove Road London NW6 2EG

Solicitors

Hogan Lovells International LLP 38th Floor, Bitexco Financial Tower 2 Hai Trieu, District 1

21 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

Chairman of the board of trustees

Dr Duncan Macrae

Trustees

Mr Nguyen Long Mrs Suzanna Lubran MBE (Executive Director) Mr Tien Hoanh Nguyen Mr Desmond Poon Mr Martin Reimann Mr John Nicholas Robinson Ms Samantha Campbell Mr Bang H Trinh

Charity contact details

Newborns Vietnam Apartment 3, 35 St. Paul’s Square, Birmingham B3 1QX Telephone: 01392 770 108 Email: info@newbornsvietnam.org Website: www.newbornsvietnam.org

22 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Structure, governance and management

Governing document

Newborns Vietnam is registered as a charity with the UK’s Charity Commission and is a company limited by guarantee, incorporated in England and Wales on 26[th] September 2011 and governed by its Memorandum and Articles of Association dated 15[th] September 2011.

Newborns Vietnam is also licensed by the People’s Aid Co-ordinating Committee (PACCOM) of the Vietnam Union of Friendship Organisations (VUFO), to operate as an International Non-Governmental Organisation in Vietnam.

Management

Members of the company elect a voluntary Board of Trustees (whom are also known as Directors), to be responsible for the overall governance and direction of the charity. Trustees are selected by the Board with regard to their suitability for the role, with the skills and experience to support our organisational growth, ensure good governance, transparency and provide highly specialist medical knowledge.

The Board currently has nine Trustees, including a Chairman and Treasurer. Typically, the full Board meets four times a year, with additional meetings held by specialist committees, currently comprising a Medical, Education and Finance, each of which is under the direction of two or more Trustees.

The day-to-day management of the charity’s programmes are delegated to the Executive Director and are delivered in accordance with the approved delivery plan and annual budget.

23 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Our vision and values

Our vision is a world where there are no preventable deaths of newborn infants, where every birth is celebrated, and mothers and babies survive and realise their full potential. We are determined to do more to stop babies from dying the day they are born, or in days after their birth.

We are determined advocates working to raise awareness of neonatal mortality and advancing solutions informed by research and our direct experience. Our work is guided and informed by our commitment to getting the basics of newborn care right for every baby.

As an organisation we have a single-minded vision, and we act on it every day with commitment and passion. We work as one determined and ambitious team to end preventable newborn deaths in Vietnam.

24 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Thank You

We greatly appreciate and thank our strategic partners, UK medical and nursing volunteers, companies, athletes, and the thousands of individuals for supporting us through another challenging year! Each and every donation is making a difference to the life chances of newborns in Vietnam.

ABC International School, ACSV Legal, Alchemy Asia, American International Hospital, Ava Sport, Bu Baby, Chops, Chim Sao Runners, BIM Group, Bonchon Vietnam, British Embassy Hanoi, Bull and Mo Team, 365 Begin, Doan Ket International, Empire City, Gaw Capital, Grant Thornton, Greenhat, Harbour Energy, Hogan Lovells International LLP, Hong Ngoc Hospital, International Minh Viet JSC, John Swire (H.K) Ltd, Vietnam Representative Office, KMS Solutions. KMS Technology, Minh Long, MTTS, Nat by Nature, NutiFood Vietnam, NRE Group, Play Nutrition, Pocari Sweat, Purple Asia, Renaissance School, ICUC, Staff Exeter Neonatal Unit, Savills Vietnam, S Commerce, Seedcom, Sunrise Events, Swire Long Lunch, Topas Travel, Unavailable, VNG Corporation, Wardhaven Capital,

Minh Anh, Ken Atkinson, Sue Blake, Henry Bott, Anne Bulgar, Samantha Campbell, Fraser Christie, Bui Quoc Dat, James Edmondson, Alan Grinceri, Frederik Grysolle, Simon Hardern, Andy Ho, Clare and George Hold, Pham Quang Hung, Sinh Huynh, Andy Knapp, Suzanna Lubran, Le Anh Nguyet, Simon Lunn, Dave Maggs, Mathias, Haike Manning, Ngo Dung, Nguyen Linh Chi, Nguyen Dat, Nguyen Duyen, Nguyen Ham Hanh, Nguyen Hoanh Tien, Nguyen To Phuong, Nguyen Teppi, Nguyen Tran Duy Anh, Nguyen Kao Toan, Nguyen Thi Hong Hanh, Judith Meek, Phillip Orme, Pham Kelly, Gloria Pantling, Lee Stevenson, Anne Thompson, Tran Hoang Viet, Truong Tan Khai Truong Anh Tuan, Vo Anh Tuan, Bang H Trinh, Dickon Verry, Yen Thi Hai Vo, George Williams, Josh Williams, and all the anonymous supporters and donators.

25 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Financial review

After two years of the Charity’s programme being affected by the COVID pandemic, in 2022 international consultants were able to travel to Vietnam to provide training. As a result the division of expenditure reverted to the pre-COVID levels, with the bulk of spend being on the training and development programmes, 74% (£393k) this year compared to 28% (£75k) in 2021-22, 27% (£81k) in 2020-21, and 86% (£394k) in 201920.

With the return of face-to-face training in Vietnam, overall spend significantly increased to £546k, higher than the highest pre-COVID pandemic level of £459k in 2019-2022, and well above the previous two years, £277k in 2021-22 and £285k in 2020-2021.

At £121k (20.3%), expenditure on equipment was higher than in any previous year other than 2020-21 (£160k – 56% of spend that year) when we supported partner hospitals’ equipment needs during the pandemic.

In 2022-23 the Charity secured more income than in any previous year, £460k compared to £330k in 2021-22, £323k in 2020-21, and $422k in 2019-2020, the highest pre-pandemic level.

This growth in income was primarily due the Charity’s increased support from individuals and corporations in Vietnam resulting from wider recognition of the high quality of the programmes provided and the significance of their impact.

Unfortunately changes to the implementation of regulations controlling the income of foreign NGOs operating in Vietnam that came into force in November 2022 mean that it will not be possible to maintain this level of income in future years.

Whatever the mid-to-long term future holds, the Charity is in a strong financial position as it enters 2023-24. As at year start it holds cash resources of £683k, the Charity can be confident that it will be able to carry out all its planned programmes for the remainder of 2023 whatever the income received, and it has time to consider and develop plans for the future.

INCOME 2022 - 2023 EXPENDITURE 2022 - 2023

----- Start of picture text -----
Equipment
Fundraising
Programme
Events £75,689
£121,765
16.2%
20.3%
Other £1,534
0.3% Fundraising
£31,375
Donations 5.4%
Training &
£382,948
Development
83.5
Programmes
£393,604
74.3%
----- End of picture text -----

26 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Reserve Fund

The charity’s trustees have agreed that its reserve policy requires the retention of sufficient financial resources necessary to meet our legal obligations resulting from a closure of the organisation over a three-month period. The calculated sum includes; the gross cost of staff for two months and an allowance for redundancy, a set sum based on the general running costs budget for small contractual commitments, and reasonable allowances for the termination of any large (over £3,375 per annum) contracts that are held. The allowance is reviewed at least on a quarterly basis, or upon the taking on of any new large contractual commitment.

27 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Trustees’ statement and responsibilities

The trustees (who are also directors of Newborns Vietnam for the purposes of company law) are responsible for preparing the Trustees' Report (incorporating the directors’ report) and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

Company law requires the trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company [and the group] and of the income and expenditure of the charitable [company/group] for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the trustees are required to:

The trustees are responsible for maintaining proper accounting records which disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charitable company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charitable company [and the group] and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

In so far as the trustees are aware:

The trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the charitable company's website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

Approval

This report was approved by the Board of Trustees on 25[th] January 2024 and signed on its behalf by:

Dr Duncan Macrae, Interim Chairman of the Board of Trustees

28 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Independent auditor's report to the members and trustees of Newborns Vietnam

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Newborns Vietnam (the ‘charitable company’) for the year ended 31 March 2023 which comprise the statement of financial activities, balance sheet and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102: The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion, the financial statements:

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditorʼs responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Charity in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRCʼs Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the trustees' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the charitable company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the trustees with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

29 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the trustees’ annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The trustees are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the charitable company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the trustees’ annual report. We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

Responsibilities of the trustees

As explained more fully in the statement of trustees’ responsibilities set out in the trustees’ annual report, the trustees (who are also the directors of the charitable company for the purposes of company law) are responsible for the preparation of the financial

30 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the trustees are responsible for assessing the charitable company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the trustees either intend to liquidate the charitable company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud are set out below.

Capability of the audit in detecting irregularities

In identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, our procedures included the following:

31 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

Use of our Report

This report is made solely to the charitable company's members as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the charitable company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charitable company and the charitable company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

……………………………………

Anthony Epton (Senior Statutory Auditor) for and on behalf of Goldwins Limited Statutory Auditor Chartered Accountants 75 Maygrove Road West Hampstead London NW6 2EG

Date: ………………………... 25 January 2024

32 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Statement of financial activities (incorporating income and expenditure account) For year-end 31st March 2023

Unrestricted Restricted Total Total
funds funds 2022/23 2021/22
£ £ £ £
Income from:
Donations
(Individual & Corporate) 271,118 111,830 382,948 241,814
Other trading activities 5 75,689 - 75,689 86,695
Other incoming (Bank interest) 1,534 - 1,534 1,696
Total income 348,341 111,830 460,171 330,205
Expenditure on:
Raising funds 6 31,375 - 31,375 14,862
Charitable activities 7 373,986 141,381 515,367 262,901
Total expenditure 405,361 141,381 546,742 277,763
Net income / (expenditure)
before transfers		 (57,020) (29,551) (86,571) 52,442
Transfer between funds (44,419) 44,419 - -
Other recognised gains /
(losses)
Foreign Exchange gains /
losses		 (2,247) - (2,247) 2,990
Net Movement in funds (103,686) 14,868 (88,818) 55,432
Balance brought forward 695,544 34,760 730,304 674,872
Total funds carried forward
 13 591,858 49,628 641,486 730,304

33 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Balance sheet at 31[st] March 2023

Current assets
Stocks10
Debtors and prepayments
11
Cash at bank and in hand
Creditors
Amounts falling due in one year
12
Net current assets
Funds
13
Unrestricted funds
Restricted Funds
Total funds		 Unrestricted
Funds
Restricted
Funds
£
£
3,924
-
7,546
-
601,639
82,269		 2022/23
2021/22
£
£
3,924
5,685
7,546
39,263
683,908
722,475
613,109
82,269
(21,251)
(32,641)		 695,378
767,423
(53,892)
(37,119)
591,858
49,628		 641,486
730,304
591,858
695,544
49,628
34,760
641,486
730,304

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, and in accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and the requirements of the Statement of Recommended Practice, Accounting and Reporting by Charities.

Approved by the trustees on 25[th] January 2024 and signed on their behalf by:

………………………………………………………………..

John Nicholas Robinson – Trustee Company registration no. 07787718

The attached notes form part of the financial statements.

34 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Notes to financial statements for the year ended 31st March 2023

1 Accounting policies

Basis of preparation

Income

Income is recognised when the charity has entitlement to the funds, any performance conditions attached to the income have been met, it is probable that the income will be received and that the amount can be measured reliably.

Income from government and other grants, whether ‘capital’ grants or ‘revenue’ grants, is recognised when the charity has entitlement to the funds, any performance conditions attached to the grants have been met, it is probable that the income will be received, and the amount can be measured reliably and is not deferred. Income received in advance for the provision of specified service is deferred until the criteria for income recognition are met.

Donations of gifts, services and facilities

Donated professional services and donated facilities are recognised as income when the charity has control over the item or received the service, any conditions associated with the donation have been met, the receipt of economic benefit from the use by the charity of the item is probable and that economic benefit can be measured reliably. In accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102), volunteer time is not recognised so refer to the trustees’ annual report for more information about their contribution.

On receipt, donated gifts, professional services and donated facilities are recognised on the basis of the value of the gift to the charity which is the amount the charity would have been willing to pay to obtain services or facilities of equivalent economic benefit on the open market; a corresponding amount is then recognised in expenditure in the period of receipt.

35 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Expenditure and irrecoverable VAT

Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to make a payment to a third party, it is probable that settlement will be required, and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure is classified under the following activity headings:

Allocation of support costs

Support costs are those functions that assist the work of the charity but do not directly undertake charitable activities. Support costs include back office costs, finance, personnel, payroll and governance costs which support the charity’s programmes and activities. These costs have been allocated to expenditure on charitable activities.

Resources expended

Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all cost related to the category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to particular headings, they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources.

Stocks

Stocks are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value after making due allowances for absolute and slow-moving items.

Debtors

Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount due after any trade discount offered. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid net of any trade discounts due.

Taxation

The charity is exempt from corporation tax on its charitable activities.

Fund accounting

Unrestricted funds are available to spend on activities that further any of the purposes of charity. Restricted funds are donations which the donor has specified are to be solely used for particular areas of the charity’s work or for specific projects being undertaken by the charity.

Further explanation of the nature and purpose of each fund is included in these notes to the financial statements.

36 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

2 Detailed comparatives for the statement of financial activities

Incoming from:
Donations (Individual & Corporate)
Activities for generating funds
Other incoming (Bank interest)
Total incoming resources
Expenditure on:
Raising funds
Charitable activities
Total expended
Net incoming / (outgoing)
Resources before transfers
Other recognized gains /(losses)
Foreign Exchange gains /(loss)
Transfer between funds
Net movement in funds
Balance brought forward
Total funds carried forward		 Unrestricted
funds
Restricted
funds
Total
2021/22
£
£
£
103,359
138,455
241,814
75,872
10,823
86,695
1,696
-
1,696
180,927
149,278
330,205
14,862
-
14,862
113,165
149,736
262,901
128,027
149,736
277,763
52,900
(458)
52,442
2,984
6
2,990
(19,247)
19,247
-
36,637
18,795
55,432
658,907
15,965
674,872
695,544
34,760
730,304

3 Exchange Rates

Exchange rate of Vietnam Dong to Pounds Sterling are those quoted as the transfer rate by the Vietcombank (Joint Stock Commercial Bank of Vietnam) for the day given at the bank headquarters.

4 Trustee Remuneration and benefits.

There were no trustees’ renumeration or other benefits for the period ending 31[st] March 2023. There were no trustees’ expenses paid for the period ended 31[st] March 2023, other than those noted in the related parties note 16.

5

Other trading activities 2022-23 2021-22
£ £
Fundraising events 75,689 86,695

37 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

6
Cost of generating voluntary income
Fundraising activities
Add Governance costs
7
Charitable activities
Medical staff training
Medical equipment & consumables
Add Governance costs
8
Governance costs
Bank charges
Operational costs
Audit fees
Less: Allocated to fundraising activities
Less: Allocated to charitable activities
9
Analysis of staff cost
(Programme and Finance Staff)
Wages
On-costs		 2022-23
2021-22
£
£
15,906
4,243
15,469
10,619
31,375
14,862
2022-23
2021-22
£
£
302,985
13,037
93,730
179,622
396,715
192,659
118,652
70,242
515,367
262,901
2022-23
2021-22
£
£
763
454
130,058
77,107
3,300
3,300
134,121
80,861
(15,469)
(10,619)
(118,652)
(70,242)
-
-
2022-23
2021-22
£
£
100,030
68,569
1,860
1,371
101,890
69,940

None of the employees received employee benefits (excluding employer pension) during the year of more than £60,000 (2022: none).

Staff numbers

The average number of employees (head count based on number of staff employed) during the year was six (2022: six) At the end of the year, there were four employees.

10 Stock 2022-23 2021-22
£ £
Finished goods 3,924 5,685

38 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

11 Debtors 2022-23 2021-22
£ £
Donations receivable 7,546 39,263
7,546 39,263
12 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 2022-23 2021-22
£ £
Training, equipment and operation creditors 53,796 35,941
Other creditors 96 1,178
53,892 37,119
13 Movement in funds in 2022-2023
Net Transfer
At 1.4.22 movement between At 31.3.23
in funds funds
Unrestricted £ £ £ £
- General fund 695,544 (59,267) (44,419) 591,858
Restricted funds
- Midwifery Training - 34,478 - 34,478
- Network Safe Transport System* 18,483 (7,567) - 10,916
- Network Medical Equipment 16,277 (12,043) - 4,234
- NLS Training - (44,419) 44,419 0
Sub-Total 34,760 (29,551) 44,419 49,628
Total Funds 730,304 (88,818) - 641,486
Net movement of funds in 2022-2023
Incoming Resources Gains & Movement
resources expended Losses in funds
Unrestricted £ £ £ £
- General fund 348,341 (405,361) (2,247) (59,267)
Restricted funds
- Midwifery training 34,478 - - 34,478
- Network Safe Transport System* - (7,567) - (7,567)
- Network Medical Equipment 16,643 (28,686) - (12,043)
- NLS training 60,709 (105,128) - (44,419)
Sub-Total 111,830 (141,381) - (29,551)
Total Funds 460,171 (546,742) (2,247) (88,818)

39 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Movement in funds in 2021-2022

Movement in funds in 2021-2022 2
15 At 1.4.21
Net
movement
in funds
Transfer
between
funds
At
31.3.22
Unrestricted
£
£
£
£
- General fund
658,907
55,884
(19,247)
695,544
Restricted funds
- COVID Equipment &
Consumables
-
(19,247)
19,247
-
- Network Medical Equipment
5,172
11,105
-
16,277
- Ambulance Purchase Fund
10,793
7,690
-
18,483
Sub-Total
15,965
(452)
19,247
34,760
Total funds
674,872
55,432
-
730,304
Net movement of funds in 2021-2022
Income
Expenditur
e
Gains &
Losses
Moveme
nt in
funds
Unrestricted
£
£
£
£
- General fund
180,927
(128,027)
2,984
55,884
Restricted funds
- COVID Equipment &
Consumables
84,738
(103,985)
-
(19,247)
- Network Medical Equipment
19,529
(8,424)
-
11,105
- Ambulance Purchase Fund
45,011
(37,327)
6
7,690
Sub-Total
149,278
(149,736)
6
(452)		 At 1.4.21
Net
movement
in funds
Transfer
between
funds
At
31.3.22
£
£
£
£
658,907
55,884
(19,247)
695,544
-
(19,247)
19,247
-
5,172
11,105
-
16,277
10,793
7,690
-
18,483
15,965
(452)
19,247
34,760
149,278
(149,736)
6
(452)
Total funds
330,205
(277,763)
2,990
55,432
Analysis of cash and cash equivalents
At 01 April
2022
Cash flows
At 31
March
2023
£
£
£
Cash at bank and in hand
722,475
(38,567)
683,908
Total cash and cash equivalents
722,475
(38,567)
683,908

40 Newborns Vietnam Trustee's Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31[st] March 2023

Cash at bank and in hand
Total cash and cash equivalents		 At 01 April
2021
Cash flows
At 31 March
2022
£
£
£
674,227
48,248
722,475
674,227
48,248
722,475

16 Related party transactions

During the year under review, the charity reimbursed expenses of £879 to trustee Mr. J. N. Robinson which he had paid on behalf of the charity. None of these were personal expenses.