REGISIEREDCOMPANY NUMBER: 1177YM)71 (E*nd •md W•les) REGISTERED cHAR￿y IYUMBER.. 1144342 REPORTOFTHE TRiISTEES Af4D UNAilD￿ED Fll¥ANCIAL sfATEMENTS AR EIYD DECEMBER )JII CIAL ￿ATEME Reportof¢htTrM4rt1 I to 4 St*l¢n*nl of TNslees' RU￿)￿￿￿1111k9 llldeFndent Ex*mlxr'5 Rep•rt ate￿￿•tOr ￿nAncI#l Adh.1 *tsmeDI of FIll￿tI￿ Pfys5th Notes to tht FIM•Mrial 10 10 16 ARCOLEPSY UK OFTHE TRusfEES FOR ThE YEAR ENDED JI DECEMBER The fLnatxial S￿*ments ¢ompty ￿7th CF*rilies Act 2011. ts 0)Mp￿ A¢i 2(th. Me¥nOrfi￿I￿￿ aThJ Articlcs ol" theÈr in accorkn with tl* Finwxial RqA)rt￿ &aTthrd 4wli¢abk in the UK aryl Republic of I￿land (FRS 102){cffrctive l Janu&tv 2015 OWECTIVES AiYD A￿1V￿Es s sel out in its Artick5 ofA5XKiat]o￿ the obwu orN0￿￿k￿ UK &TE to reb.ef 8Thd aid to tIKJ* *Jfftti￿ fr(xn Narcol¢psy 8nd lth"ffjqthic Hyper50tw. To thal $4Tx)rt p* with Na￿1￿ aTrl Idhythi¢ Hvp*rxjmn￿, tI*iT tamilies. caTer$ 8T¥J otlEr5 i￿r¢#?￿ in imtffow ollife. 1jjrpti￿ip￿l acti&'itw ￿*￿i¢ve kn obiectiycs ￿E". etleeL8 . Tr pn)mots(*n aT¥] 0￿￿n￿ti￿o(ts￿rfefc1X¢sreTr&1ll￿ aThl itsdT￿ts. . Cre4tsn8 f￿￿1￿8 stra*￿¢5 tIMt make tths rAJssLble . colleCty￿ dh5tribAry mtormats"(xL w￿r￿lly Ill(x￿ ts NaTrx>kF6y UK mtiJi& o)mwis1￿ ¥*b5ile, F&¢¢i￿k. TMitter&TxI m4xIw 8thmlh. to cngjre theirri8hts¥r¢ aTwJ thAt t￿Y hwe the ￿ne￿W￿￿￿1￿¢s8s thrs in We will deliverow oty'etti￿ by." l4militsa￿l lar￿5 . CamrAgJ8nu)8 10 Ex>licie50f kwS1&￿¥S aryj furMJJre . Deli￿rIT￿ re￿8th $wtyin&bk s¢m￿5th￿t ￿sfy withrnro)Iqtsy. lknr f*ftilie5 . PTDiTrdin8 infornjaiicffl aTxI FWtw•l to pu)pk with ￿￿5y. trir tamij￿ aThl carus. either diffttty, Our stra*ic aim is all this a ￿nb)I*l#￿1 of fwM1raiw"￿, thaloBw ￿￿11￿CIans. medical 'JAT* l.lj ED31 CE ACIUEVEMENfAND PERTrI)RMANCE CO￿ actlvities movc trom IM)th orKratsonal aThJ rw UK. ￿ f¥vow Of￿ knr8er markn USA IL8 5Krtthlialli' S￿¢th.tr routr kn afv•l USA Fr4Jml Admmisuoti part 12 montks We swxyttsl Per￿￿1 Irthrthkn AtT•lKat￿ io Unl￿1 c￿11 aFvlicats(￿￿ aThl 9 New sabdiry Livry AllowwrearwlKau(rt8lDLA rela￿s￿ChIldr￿ ¢xd% ) (kn Benefits a&sL%bJ Ix)th thlts & thikhEn in makry sixces5fid c]aun5 tiknllll¥ £1.3m DJ'5abilitv LiviT Allowat￿e & PqFAXJa] P4yrnats S[￿¢ may h9v¢ bcffl appl￿ r(x tl*i i"e4r bLL the fi￿71 d￿"S￿￿On those awarth *L8m* th 21)23. All ttKI￿j I￿al of£l.3m I￿reM￿d¢ in 2U23 (kn m¢mt¢rthip It￿ 3452 w 3698 owr the year. Nar￿lep5￿. is a ratE takmB several year5 (or people ¢0 TEath the dia8TK)sis *e at ¥4lLich time c￿8J1￿￿8 fr￿￿ reCorri￿ them to cottscl Narcolepsy UK f¢ more Lnformalion atrKJut livi￿ I￿1th the dis&bililv atsl wovisii*) of help ￿la1 tale. wutplacc adj￿￿tMent￿ 5￿K￿rt m edWati￿ (infant ￿ university). Im)￿1￿ aTMI rnans othes&wtsof lile 2023 %tivety assist￿1 27 wle ts) b), GP to make a Tefml io a Sleo Ca)tre. okn may dKided to follow ￿$¢0￿$¢0(1¢￿￿ um1n￿l￿Ity tfj. the rekvm)i mf(mli(rt) on ￿b$1￿. Totsl Volwjtary tK>W5 1485 Totsl vol￿ Value oflknlbjws £26n35 Thi's p9sI y¢4T ￿¢n a growh ￿ voluJtCU5 ￿1)T￿.￿4 ￿ yxial mdia woittts. IT￿re•S71¥ ¢￿￿ multKharmel wesence to Exttrn*l Etst*g*went Orr of our critical is [￿0V￿lI74 the patIU￿ of ts c* L*5 We alm lo tM)Id an ot*rational reSe￿e ol. bqwd assets {cash cashA ￿ tothl of which Sty￿ld equB* to at least s motthg cash flow. Howrver. th]"s almgys [th￿ble atKI r4ures C4fEful marwcnt ot. available tury]5 dwll)8 cnticai W¢ that 2024 *ryll t¢ a two￿￿llY d￿l¢uh year bA anticiimts lo relain Fetml d￿MI10r￿ frorn fnends of Ch￿lty whxh may allow ￿o￿th m sknffiI￿ or ew¥liiwe EA# maiT*am ow abihty, wowde our A new Mrbsi* has iren crea￿1 th]n'￿ 2024 (thr Trsjli ora 1kn1￿1> This si* will pJ8eS enCOUrnBi118 users to Tcw*r l(xmallv with wyj ofta5 a Th ot OF1m￿ linwrialli" to the chHnty LI.th￿ w5h to The wEb5ite this mLYe rxojeci Telared Il￿WIth8 will ￿￿C￿l avaijable lo fuTrJ the xiiillies ot"th¢ c1w￿V Jn lerni. Tr ￿￿tres are of trK v￿¥ the clwts is a goi￿ co[￿n (albeit c1x￿ revmvl thn'n8 2023 Davld BThxkS￿. chaT￿ra1 Aco*aJlant.p]￿l th PAwd thl Iw Tnth8*e FAlMU￿ C(M*s atyj Dr Mollov fttwtsj. We thank ¢lThh lor IJMr sernte. U￿. GOVERNANCE AND MAI¥AGEMENr Coi"ernlng th)cumeDt Th¢ chpnty bv its d(*thll￿, a dEtsl ol'tsuK aTrJ conwDMes a ]￿l￿d ¢l￿F￿ry. ]￿lted by 8lJatailltt, ¥$ defirted by ￿ ComF*n*s Atl 21X REFERENCE AND ADMINISTrATIVE D￿AlLs Reg15tered Comp•ny nuM￿r I)77￿￿171 (EI￿ 8T¥1 Wal&%) CE Reglitered Ch•rf¢v 1144342 Reglslered offlte Yrw Tree Ho The Shn￿￿]V >t Nwts Cambnd8es PE192BU Trustees E J CoAles(re518￿l 10.6.231 T J Kav8JHgh DrA J Mollo). (ff5i8t*d 10.6.23) E H NLcIM>115 (Te5JwI 114 241 M M Owthll Chair M$ H StroTWT D G B￿￿k9)M (app)In￿l 1.7.231 M J J Gutkne {r¢S￿t)ed 318.241 Compgny SteretAry MrsNSRuk I￿￿￿￿de#l EJ*miner Bra(Lsh&%i Johnwn CroftChymbcT5 I l B8n¢yoft Hi*hm HerfoidshtrE SGS IJQ Awlov￿ by (ffthroftl* iKxrd 0[tr￿￿&S 2024 atyj on its bthlf M M (YNeill- TA￿¢¢ Pa8e 4 NARCOLEPSY UK STATE OFiiiusfEES' RESPONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMB R 2023 Th¢ thLStr¢S (wlM> OrN￿￿￿ UK the Jxrpx¢s of ￿ knw) are wkble f(w pr¢p•n'T the slat¢ ot. attair5 Ot the charitable •yl of irwmr* r¢￿tts and Vlica￿l of IrKI￿lI[¥ the requirel to . se￿1 sjithbk p)liciesaThl tTxn awply obs¢N¢ m¢th(NtsaNI princwes in the Chan"ty S(XiP" rllMTKiHI ￿>S1ti(￿ ot charitsble L¥MnpnY aNI w enabk io enswe finarniil 5taterncnts complv the Comparri¢5 A¢t 2(Kb. Try are al>) re4yorrible safr@ua￿r* the &4seLS of ¢haritabl¢ ¢omp8nY a￿] hence for Inthpendent examlDtr'5 report to the Ir4slees •fN*r(olew UK Ctht CMp•fiy) I ¢I￿lY tsw*¢s¢M my ex8mthAuon of the%¢(￿4$ yeareTrtsJ 31 tkcanTrKr 2023. R¢s￿n$1b11IIIts ind b*515 of repDrt As tlr chon¢l% trlJ51ees Compwry (atsj alx) its th[￿$ fw of ¢Th￿￿Y law) you are for the satssfial m￿lf that the acc(M￿8 of the C(￿panY we reqwrol b) be a￿li￿j Part 16 of 2(K6 Ad aTKI are ¢118ibl¢ fiff l T¢tKm ￿ IB5rtti of MY &NammalM￿ of y(XT Cl￿￿5 ￿t￿￿nts as C4TfiL¥I o under Stttson 145 of ts Chorll￿ Ad 2011 Cthe 2011 Act) In out mv examina11￿1 I have follomvj the thrtttso givcn by the Chanty C(x[un￿onuth SEC￿)￿ 14951(blof thr 2011 ACL IndEpvndpn¢ Ex￿•￿tr.5 ¥tatemell1 I hwe Compla￿ my examin8ivxL I confimi tho1 m m￿tr5 IBY¢ Lxxnc lo my in thE exthinalion #I￿￿8 me eaw to belLCVe. the a￿O￿nts do ry>tXCOTd Mlthttr￿jse rwts. r th¢ do C￿nplY acc￿1￿￿ requLrtJnents of Sxls)n 3￿ of Acl otlxr tkn r¢qwr¢m¢N that th¢ gw¢ a ¥ThJ faw ￿¢W is a m&*r a5 of an IThj¢p￿t eXamu￿￿on'. or aceowxts hav¢ w F*¢n Fx¢wtyI in s¢t4Y(kn ￿1th mdlKxis arnl pru*ipk5 tsf the Sthtcmcni of P￿11(< for aTrJ fEFK¥tmB ty clwilies (aFplKabk io chantse5 Wanr￿ t￿1r acco￿15 the F￿￿￿la1 RqX￿B StsThlwrd &￿Ik￿b]e in the UK ar*1 RqthlK of ITelaNI (FRS 10211. N¢il c Hard￿g FCA Croft ChllrnF￿S I]B8￿ Hithn Hertfords￿.[¢ SG5 IJQ NARCOLEPSY UK STA R T71EY OF FIN AR NDED 31 DEC ER20 il.12.23 Totsl 31.12.22 as reststed INCOME AND EN])OWMEMS FTIOM I,4￿) 502 61.%9 10 169 468 Total 40.918 .758 62.148 EXPENDfTURE ON Ch4ritgbie •¢tl%ltles Narcolq)sy UK 54.939 7.872 62311 65212 ￿Co￿￿(ExPENDrrURE) (14.021) {12.053) (3.(b41 RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS Totsl futKls Iwht fonv8rd SI￿1 56.841 s9.￿5 TIYTAL TriJ]¥DS CARRIED FORWARD 37320 44,788 56,841 OF FINANC !l.1213 T￿81 3112.22 Totsl f4md5 a$ rests￿1 FIXED ASSETS 835 CURRENf ASSETS Debtors Cash ai bojjk" 12 lJ61 44.678 2.691 37,710 i9.071 46,039 59.068 CREDrroRS .4mourts tallE￿ iiithm one y 13 (1.447) (1.447) {3.(b2) NET CURRENf ASSETS 37.624 44.592 TOTAL ASSETS LE&S CiFRRENr LIABILrriES J7.820 44.788 56,841 NrrASS 37820 44.788 56841 14 37,820 51.841 R￿trIct￿l fwLd5 TiyfAL FUNDS 44.788 .841 chan"table company is entiila frun a￿tst urmkr swts"<￿ 477 of c￿￿p&￿e5 Ad 2(K6 for yrdt cr¥Jrd 31 tkttmixr 2023. 311)¢¢¢mber 2023 inoc¢ordaKe 476 otthe C￿n￿n￿5 Aci 2(Xkn. In￿waCk￿)wI&Igc thwre4xthbilitses f enSw1￿ that fv chan"¢able ¢￿￿Thy k¥9￿ thDt Lx¥nplv wilh Se¢iiMs 38￿ atyl 387 of C(KnF￿1eS A¢¢ 2(K6 8ThJ prcp85iTE finawial *trments 8JV¢ a tn* fw view of of atTaJrs of the chmtsble companv as at ¢t¥l of¢ach yw ar¥J of d¢fi¢rt f(v fthatKial year in ￿>[dance the requuements of 394 aThJ 395 3nd wh]¢h comph the re(wement8 of & C￿paniC5 Act 2(XX¥ reJa¢ws io trjonc￿l mi&nents, ￿ tarasapphcabk ¢t￿n￿bk (a) (b) NARCOLEPSY UK STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL Po￿lON- mDli*N¢d JI DECEMBER J)23 to the sn&ll Tt8llne. Hrr¢ a¥yovoJ bv ofTnL4*4 atKI tor 9 Nov¢mt¢r 2024 and Sig￿] ¢m its 1xhoEI'￿': M M (YNeill- Tnwee PaR¢ 9 NARCOL srATE I DECE R IHE YEAR E ATEMENf OFCOMPLLINCE Y¢w Tree Hou Shn]bkTY Church Strtet Si N¢Y)ts CambrLdBe5h]r¢ PE192BU The ohwritable comiMty$ f￿￿Kial *atem¢nts have be¢n tKerAral in ¢(￿pIlar￿ with Ch&riti¢S SA)RP IFRS 102) as ilapplies S*knnents foru* vwet¥Jcd 31 tkYAnixr 2023 AccouiYfiNG POLICIES B*sls of prep*rtr¢ the 17n￿(lA1 itAtrthents The fJrAro8] $th*tncnts of ￿ ch￿"table cAxntAny, whKh is a t*nefii entity FRS 102. h￿.¢ trmxn preparnl in the CIMn"tses WRP (FRS 1021 'AttmthB aT¥J Rqx)nm8 bv Chanlies. Sts*meni or Sthndard applicabk in UK aThl Rqxthltc of IreL4Tr1 (FRS 102) {eff¢ciiv¢ l J&rKw 2019y. Final￿la1 Rewiing StaTrJard 102 '17￿ Find￿tal R4￿1￿8 StsTrlard ?￿b¢Ab]e in ￿ UK gTrJ Rq)ubh'c ot Irelarf aTrJ the Compm Act 2(K￿. Th¢ firm￿￿181 stat£ments have iren wepartsj U*hi*orie41 cou c{￿£nI￿. Narcol¢p5y UK meeL¥ tk d¢f]nill￿ ofa knril cntsty FRS 102. The *a*mentsar¢ in 5*rlir*{£). IDcoffj¢ In¢A)me Is the ckn.iy htts ethitlem¢rt ro any c4xMlilioThs to itan(s) o( irKome hve bm m¢ li is wrt*ble i1￿ne wll ￿ re¢¢iV￿ and the am(KJN c4n me4swed reknabli FAS to the fillmls. any FvfixmarK¢ atlachtsl ￿ thE w have F¢¢n m¢L il is proE•bk thRi thr irthne T¢ttivryJ the&M0￿￿¢th ￿ me49]r&l ￿l￿blY a￿1 is ￿ de(errul. For le8acfft, e￿ill￿en1 ts tsk¢n 8$ the carl￿r of d•t¢ on whch &thet' Tl* ¢FAnt)' is th#t prrt*te has fl￿1￿1 a￿1 I￿]rI￿tsOn kn F*en by exec￿{¥($) to Tnjst thai a di51ribuUon wiu ￿ made. ￿ M4*n a da¥]]bAKM) Js wrr¢wed fr(¢n th e5k*. of a lew in or ￿ rwl 15 ontv COn5Kk￿] [K￿blY i4lKn thc arno￿ can t* reli4bl% arKI cljarity hts r¥)tsfied of th¢ Inttrtjt rectivAbk Interest on fthjs held ￿ dewi is •¥J ￿ amouA mewvj relwbly Fry the ¢hth"ty. this is JKxm81ty ￿ld or pyobk ￿. the trAnk EXFndl¢u￿ and IrrttoY¢r*bbE v•t is recowS￿ 15 8 ]e8al Ob1wts(￿ a rAymeM third rArtv. rt is rKobable that Kllkment wll a￿1 the amothrf of Obli8ats￿ can ￿ mc45wed rehabty. F.XFtTdLlwe is utthth¢ follow8￿]VIty Pa8¢ 10 NARCOLEPSY UK TO THE FINANCIAL ￿AT£￿ETh. CO￿t￿￿td ThE YEAR EI D 31 DECEMBER 2023 AccouiYfiJ¥G POLICIES-f•n¢￿Wtd E1pthdlth￿ *Trd Irrecoverlbk T8nglble flxed asKts t*[ff￿" l*x) i% follo￿ amu&l rnte5 in(Ytsto ￿lIe oft.each ove* its &4imated life. TAx•tknD Fund *croun¢ing Pemsknns tknn8 year. ¢hatitsbte COM￿ otma*d • t*rffji￿ B&CE Hddll¥s L￿. cijrfjnlmkn￿ pxyable tor Ihc yearare ¢lw8al ID th¢ wofii aTKI10$5 Lwl sl•l•y of the th#rll*blt tomp*kn' In ol'ux charitsble o)mrAny Tr￿ liw a member of the chTity) has unrknaken ext¢tyts w)tsl ort Vtar artaa Tn&CeC£￿ to ￿ a m¢mt¢r The Tnth Ch￿tsb]e COrnfWb)' Ikbt•n *ttd preP*￿ts Cgsh it b4Dk gad ID b* Cash ai OTNI ￿ haTxI 1¥5h aT¥J slth terni hi8hly hwd iTrtrystinent¥ with a matwity of fvee monts or kss trvm tIK d&tc ot oF¢nI￿ of the de￿.1￿ 5Mnilara¢to Crnditots c￿11￿$ aye rwisEd the cFArity Obl￿11¢￿ le￿1[1n8 trom a ¢va)¢ thai wryll prthbly trsth in the IJa1￿1¢r ol tWMIs kn a third rAty aDJ the mowrt io setsle th Obkn.8￿￿ ¢an ￿ me4wTttI ot estimatvj reliabty. Crelitors and rKowsirffts are NThaity reco8nis&l ai tl•r seldanent am0￿1 after allow1￿ tor anv ¢tade th'xowLtsd Finao¢lal in￿￿￿thIS The Ch￿.￿ble c¢)m1￿Y cmly trLs fmwial &wts aThJ fr18￿10] li8kn.liw of a ku￿ th91 q￿lIft. as bASiC filw￿l￿] InStr￿￿ents B&sK t"￿￿1￿1 iL4nun•)ts are inrf]al])' Tew*l ai u8j1￿Mm Val￿ SLthw4rn¢lv measurd al etlecin'e mterest meW. NARC - tootkn MBER FOR ThE DONATIONS AND LEGACIFS 31.12.23 3l.12.2? as r¢srat¢d ).45 9840 54.187 7.782 ).2￿) 61. Grants rff¢iYaJ, itxlth ID the aFthTe.ate folkyw5'. 31.12.23 31.12.22 9.840 7.782 31.12.23 31.1222 gs restst¢d Futh]yn8tvents io INVESTMM INCOME 31.12.23 31.1222 169 NET INCOMFJ(EXPENDfniRE) 31 12.23 31.12.22 &$ restsied 639 654 Py12 CIAL STATEMENfs- rontlnwd FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2 TRUSTEES, REMUNERATION AND BENEFrrs lTr£te TX) In￿ or (thr taKtits f(r ts ytar tnlrd 31 Lknni%r 2023 Ik yw ¢T¥tsI 31 DeCem1￿r 2022. 31 Dttanlxr2022 8vw m(xrthly nwntr*rofemplirye¢51hw follows". 31.12.23 31 12.22 rests S￿l1- 2022 COMPARAIIVES FOR THE ￿ATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACnVTfiES Tothl &s restsi¢d INCOME AND ENDOWMEMS FROM 49.187 12,782 61.969 Other tr8d]ng*iiwtses 10 10 169 Total 49.Y 12.782 62,148 Ch4rltsble •rthltl¢s 57.430 7.782 65212 NET If4COMEI{EXPENDrnE) 18ffi4) {3.(f)41 REcONc￿￿￿oN OF FUNDS Totsl firyKig Cor44*Td 59.9)5 59.9)) 51.841 56.841 E¥8e 13 NARCOLEPSY UK I¥OTFSTO THE FINANCIAL ￿ATE￿IK￿. f•ntiDued FOR 171E YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2• 11 PRIOR YEAR AIKiusfMENr fuThls(WdS £20.030) 8nd TEStTic¢d (￿¥$ £39.875y anatysi5 of ir*uTrme srnilarfv Temaw {urffe5tr￿ £24,(MW .' rednrtgj funds w&8 £2.073 exwjsei The kntsl ir￿￿￿e at41 trrtal (wds remain UrKeAa￿. TANGIBLE FIXED A&sErs Comwer eqLupmcni co A¢ l 2023 aThJ 31 fknber 2023 DEPRECIATiof4 Ai l Janw 2023 Char8¥ for v 1.12) 639 At 31 tknber 2023 1.764 NET BOOK VALUE Al 31 fkr¢mb¢r 2023 196 A131 tkc¢mt¢r 2022 835 li DEBTOR&. AMouNfs FALL￿G DUE wmllN ONE YEAR 31 12.23 31 1222 ,322 1.369 PrqA}ments lJ61 2.691 P8ge14 NOTESTOTHE FINANCIAL sfATEMEf475. FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023 li cRED￿oR&. AMOUNfs FALLING DUE wmiiN OI¥E YEAR 31.12.23 31 1222 1.447 3.¢ASZ 14 MOVEM￿ IN FUNDS N¢t At 31.12.23 1.1.23 Unrutritted fvfjds G¢ml ti¢T¥J 51041 (14.021) 37320 Restrkted f¥nds T￿AL FUNDS 56.841 {12.053 1 44.788 Nd movqEKnt mfimds. in ts 8ixwe aR as follows." in (￿¥1$ UDrtstrlct¢d Gemal filljd ).918 (54.939) (14.021) Ru¢rl¢l¢d (7.872) 50.758 (62811) (12.053) frtyr l* f•ttd5 Net At 1.1.22 31.12.21 Unrestrirted funds Geml Iw¥J 59.WS 18.W) 51.841 Rejlrlcled T{￿AL Fuf4DS s9.￿5 13.IN I 56,841 Page15 co MOVEMETrry IN FUNDS- ¢othtltyMd Cornp&rntiv¢ n¢tMoVema￿ m fi￿. intt* ¥5 fOlkn￿.. JryxMntll8 ¢¥[￿ryI in fund5 Ll•nslrlrt¢d Gtrml fw 49366 (57.4301 (8,Ikn41 Restrl(ted fund5 12.782 (7.782) 62,148 (65,212) {3,(W} Is RELATED PARTY DISCIKJSURLS 11￿¢ relatd wy tra1￿1￿5 yeareth 31 2023. I& NAMES A]¥D FURpr￿E OF FiJNDS Unr¢strkt¢d Ceneral other fithyLs aJKI COILS￿[ wblicy ofth¢ ¢h8wJti' Rejtrltttd Reglonal Support And other rtttrlded fvn partJ¢ular region or for (th F*rticu]ar or rearthj knu8h cnoblll￿ ￿tK)n devek)tmcnt of vo1wtrer1su￿n￿ srt* wFu"th we beu¢r able io focus on lo￿1 ]wJs 8ThJ throw the wovisi¢M of loc41 aTyJ ￿m)nal 5￿X￿¢ infiastrWtU￿ k) enwre that gjch 8rrws etYKiently •Thl efftttivety a Pa8¢ 16