REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: 1143960
Report of the Trustees and
Unaudited Financial Statements For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
for
Cranfield Students. Association
Harris & Clarke LLP
7 Billing Road
Northampton
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE
NN1 SAN

Cranfield Students. Association
Contents of the Financial Statements
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
Page
Report of the Trustees
Independent Examinerfs Report
ststement of Financial Actlvities
10
Balance Sheet
Cash Flow Statement
12
Notes to the Cash Flow Statement
13
Notes to the Financial Statements
14 to 23
Detailed Statement of Financial Activities
24 to 26

Cranfield Students. Association
Report of the Trustees
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
The trustees present their report with Ihe financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 July 2024. The trustees
have adopied the provisions of Accounting and Reporting by Charities.. Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to
charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of
Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 20191.
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES
Objectives and aims
Cranfield Students, Association's {CSA) objects are Ihe advan￿Ment of education of Students at Cranfield University for the
public benefit by
(i) Promoling Ihe interests and welfare of Students at Cranfield University during their course of study and representing,
supporting. and advising Students.
lil) Being the recognised representative channel between Students and Cranfield University and any other exiernal bodies.
(iii) Providing social, cultural. sporting, and recreational activities and forums for discussions and debate for the personal
development of its students.
(iv) Engaging wth students and participating in raising awareness in student topics relevant both locally and nalionally.
The CSA fulfils these objects through a wde range of projects and activilies based upon the requirements and wishes of its
student members.These are ever changing and evolving with the student demographic but remain led by student foGused
engagemenl.
Success in achieving these objectives is measured by levels of student engagement in Ihe widest sense. This indudes
numbers of officers and course representatives elected, their attendance al committees, the impact of campaigns, numbers
of students organising and taking part in student led activities and feedback provided through the CSAS annual survey.
The objectives are practically fulfilled by operating a bar, café, and shop for Ihe benefit of the students with external catering
provided lo generate additional income. The President and Executive Officers liaise wth the students to provide effective
presentalion and ensure any matters arising are taken to the appropriate departments of the university for their attention.
The charity also supports and facilitates a broad range of clubs, soaelies. and groups. It does this through the reasonable
use of CSA'S resources and facilities in the form of administrative and organisational support, use of relevant equipment
owned by CSA and money to the exlent of the society's restricled budget that forms part of the annual block grant provided
by the University.
Block grant
Shrivenham Poli
Restricled funds are used to provide a base salary for Ihe executive team based on site to provide. engagement. support.
and a sense of community without the presence of a permanent member of staff.
Finances are also used to host social events for Cranfield students and provide support for travel expen5e5 and upkeep of
the building's facilities on campus.
Staff have a petty (2sh float of £1 CQ which is accessed with receipts and proof of purchase.
All other financial purchases are agreed and approved by the General manager and invoices are kept by the finance
manager.
Clubs & Societies Polic
i) Grants may be awarded to any properly conslituted CSA club or society in line wth the CSA byelaws.
11> Applications for grants must be made to the Clubs & Societies Committee prior to meetings of that committee.
iii) The Clubs & Societies Committee is elected at a meeting to which all Presidents, Captains or other lead organisers are
invited.
iv) Grants of over £100 are awarded al the discretion of the clubs & societies committee.
v) The Clubs & Societies Committee may draw up guidelines as principles for the awarding of grants as they see fit in any
year.
vi) CSA byelaws 15.17- 15.25 apply.
Public benefit
The Trustees have regard to Charity Commission guidance on public benefit in Section 4 of Ihe Charities Act.
Page 1

Cranfield Students. Association
Report of the Trustees
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
ACHIEVEMENT AND PERFORMANCE
Representstion, welfare and support
The promotion and facilitation of the interests of students at Cranfield Universily remains the primary objective of the CSA.
The continued feedback from students highlighted the lack of current services accessible al the weekends when the
university closes. Meetings were held looking into the potential of opening the CSA at weekends but due to the financial
implications this was deemed not possible without sustaining substantial losses. Student appeals and complaints continued
to rise with mitigating circumstances being a key factor in many circumstances. The appointment of our new student voice
co-ordinator helped ease the pressure and we continued to work closely with the university student support department. This
ensured a collaborative support structure for student appeals and to raise wellbeing concerns to the correct tearn when
needed.
A vital part of this progress was the continued improvement in student representation within the University. In April our new
Presidenl was elected vjhich saw a higher number of candidates stand for the position than previously we have experienced.
During the year the executive team had worked hard to introduce enhanTrd engagement events for researchers which
resulted in a closer partnership with the university and increased attendance at our evenls within the PHD community. They
also held successful intemational events that promoted each culture to the wider student body through events such as
fashion shows, food samples and themed evenings. Additionally, they also facililated a highly successful diversity
awareness week that included talks, group meetings and information awareness to both students and the university. As
predicted, some executive members failed to contribute, and the value of their roles did not meet the potential which they
have which is disappointing. The remaining executive members continued to perform well and engage with the wider student
body.
CSA representation at Shrivenham continued to be restricted due lo the additional MOD restrictions on the base but visits
happened which were beneficial and provided a greater sense of unity from both sides. The Shrivenham President remained
for a second year in position and was joined by others who provided additional support. As a team they held
engagement events, outings and took ownership of Ihe building donated to them lo create a welcome environment for those
studying there despite numbers continuing to decrease.
Representation at MK.'U increased through the first election of a Vice President. The role successfully promoted the CSAS
ethos and seTvices to the apprenticeship students allhough the remit was restricted due to lack of understanding of the role
among universily personal on site. Although raised at the time we currently do not have any additional financial support to
provide services to MK.'U so provisions and services remain strelched but a definite impact has been felt of our presence
among the apprenticeship studenls Ihere.
The CSA President. a selection of officers and staff continue lo sit on many key university committees, providing an
important student Vol￿ at all levels of the University. Most notably, the CSA continued engagement with the Student
Experience PSU of the University and Student Experience Committee. Issues around representational structures and course
representative positions remain, with the un¢versity proceeding to appoint their own students to the position of CSA rep
which goes against the constitutional structure and values of the CSA. This was highlighted and atthough some progress for
change has been made. the representational structure between the CSA and the university is still frartured and requires
attention although there is reluctan￿ to address this from key stakeholders.
This year saw the approval of a joint review conducted by Blackshaw Consulting to investigate and review the working
relations between the University and the CSA. Provisional findings highlighted thal we are vastly underfunded in ternis of
block grant amount (we are currently the lowest in the UK for our size), a lack of understanding of what a union deliverable
should be by the university and worryingly, no official agreements or contracts were in pla￿ be￿een the tsvo. Additionally, it
raised the qLbestion of incorporation which would provide the trustees with greater security. Going forward these will be
raised and hopefully actioned with the university
We worked with Hyper Creative to rebrand the CSA in the form of a new logo, colour scheme and the creation of a brand
asset pack to update and help elevate our presence. As a result. the physical areas of the building were rebranded and
updated with new graphics, signage, furniture and re-decoration. The decorating was completed by CSA volunteers and the
changes were received well by retuming students who appreciated the new, inviting decor of the building.
Social and recreational activities:
Page 2

Cranfield Students. Association
Report of the Trustees
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
With numbers decreasing and provisions at Cranfield University remaining small, we continue to see a change in Ihe way
that students are engaging with the CSA as they are increasingly time limited, meaning the role of the CSA in providing
social activities has needed to adapt to reflect this. The change in demographic and expectations has seen a substanlial
shift towards students requiring pre-set of activilies they wish to participate in rather than the opportunity to prepare and tske
ownership themselves. This is echoed by the feedback from clubs and socielies where additional support is required to
facilitate action as students are expecting lo just turn up and participate. This could be attributed to the rise in one-year
taught course students who are time stretched.
Coach trips continue to be ex￿pIl0nal1Y popular with additional dates having to be added due to high demand. Trips
included London, Windsor, Cambridge and Harry Potter Wodd. Costs for the these had to increase to reflect external price
hikes, but we continue to have great interest.
Olher events included a successful fresherfs week with Karaoke, silent discos. free food. friend ￿e￿OrkIng and welcome
packs on arrival. We held our annual firework event that saw record numbers attend, and other community events included
family fun days, Easter and Christmas celebrations. Further events held at the CSA included club nights. tournaments, open
mic nights, Karaoke, live music. wellbeing activities, crafts, Halloween and student led cultural themed events.
The CSA continued to provide a range of opportunities for its members to enhance their personal development. These
included providing opportunities for personal development, life skills such as Samaritans training, wellbeing promotion and
aclivities. as well as work opportunities in the CSA bar. café, shop and the engagement co-ordinator role.
Clubs and Societies
The clubs and societies fair saw over 800 students attend, and a total of 38 active clubs and societies We￿ formed, not
including Christian union or the Islamic society.
In sports we had teams compete in BUCS competitions. these include futsal, badminton, football, men's & women's
volleyball and teams from cricket who also fielded teams in FCCL & BCCL. Our basketball team continued to compete in
the Hertfordshire Basketball League.
CranSEDS - Competed in UKSEDS ORT. SDC.. NRC., MACH 24. Won the Overall Prize & Best Innovation Prize in Olympus
Rover Trials (AdVan￿d Stream). Won the Best Outreach Award in Satellite Design Competilion. They also delivered
multiple outreach events for A. level students to promote passion towards STEM in UK.
UIAS Society - the Unmanned & Intelligent Aerials Systems Society competed in the IMechE UAS Challenge 24 for the 1st
time and the walking Society restarted and organised several day walks plus also a weekend walking in the Peak District.
Other activities
The CSA continues to support a policy for the provision of SeNi￿S to students, rather than wilh Ihe intent of making
signrficant profits. However, any surpluses are ￿inVested into the pursuil of the organisation's objectives. We provided
facilities, resources and supported sludent led events, such as Ihe MBA Charity Auction. SAFAD Week wth fundraisers,
promotional support for university departments, such as Careers through drop in events, cyde saviours for Energy &
Environment, and regular SWADS events to promote wellbeing.
Page 3

Cranfield Students. Association
Report of the Trustees
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
FINANCIAL REVIEW
Financial position
Our main areas of operation ¢xJntinued to make a small profit with the exception of the shop that continues to fall short of
required figures to continue to be viable. Discussions were held about the potential of repurposing the area which could be
implemented further down the line should income fail to improve. This is due to a lot of staff still working from home and our
lunchtime sales being hit as a result. While staff members are not our target audience. it continues to have an impacl on
sale figures. Our most successful area of financial growth was in external catering which proceeded to substantially go
above predicted income. This has resulted in greater exposure of the CSA and the ability to generale funds that allowed for
the refurbishment and importantly. employ additional student staff.
The CSA'S gross income for the year 2023-24 from all sources was £919.551 (2023.. £902,645). This included continued
support from Cranfield University in the form of grants tolalling £364,574 (2023-. £342,4641- Expenditure totalled £911.067
(2023.. £872,608) creating an overall surplus for the year of £8,484. (2023.. £30,03n. This included depreciation of assets
totalling £15,762 (2023-. £10,132), suggesting an operating cash surplus of £24,246 (2023.. £40,169).
The CSA encourages strong and active clubs & societies at Cranfield University. To support these groups, the CSA holds
their funds for safekeeping within its own accounts. At present, these funds total £32,043.
The block grant from Cranfield University for 2024-25 has nol been agreed. Discussions have taken place with university
execLrtives, but official figures have not been released.
Reserves pollcy
The reserve policy of Cranfield Students, Association (CSA) is..
1. The CSA maintains a financial reserve of unrestricled funds.
2. The reserve protects the CSA against unexpected events. either significant changes in income or expenditure required in
an omergency to protect the CSA'S operations.
3. The size of the unrestricted reserve is reviewed annually by the CSA Trustees at the time of the presentation of the
annual accounts. This figu￿ is based upon income and expenditu￿ but is mitigated by the CSA'S mutually supportive
relationship with the University.
4. The size of the reserve may be varied to allow the CSA to accumulate funds for specified future expenditure.
5. It is the intention that the CSA should operate on a zero-budget on an annual basis with no significant surplus or deficit.
6. The Trustees may either authorise additional expenditure or require operational savings in any year to maintain the
reserve at the required amount.
7. This policy is reviewed every three years, or sooner al the Trustees, discretion.
There was a change in the value of fixed assets to £19.808 {2023-. £47.389). Total funds stand at £292.627 (2023..
£284,143) of which £235.87612023'. £234,659) are unrestricted and £56,751 (2022.. £49,484) are restricted. This presenls a
good cash flow situation based on strong and appropriate reserves in line with our reserve policy.
Page 4

Cranfield Students. Association
Report of the Trustees
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
FINANCIAL REVIEW
Principal risks and uncertainties
Risks are dealt wth in the CSA Risk Management document- Ihe major risks that affect financial performance were identified
at the time of review as follows.
i) The University cuts CSA funding due to its own financial challenges or priorities {either in absolute or real terms).
Examples might include the University's development of the University beacon facility or COn￿ntratIon of resources on
MK".U.
ii) The CSA commercial services fail to satisfy the needs of students, leading lo overall dissatisfaction, a reduction in
engagement and a fall in revenue.
iii) Inability to set and achieve reasonable budgets threatens the financial viability of the CSA.
iv) Extemal fraud or theft or uncolledable bad debts result in significant financial loss to Ihe CSA. These would be
exacerbated if the CSA had weak financial controls.
Concerns are the overall numbers of studenls, both on and off campuses, the degree of engagement of those students and
the necessity for revised operating procedures and expenditure. The situation remains under continual review by the
Trustees, Officers, and staff of the CSA.
The major risks that could impact the CSA were reviewed by the Trustees and procedures agreed to mitigate those risks.
These risks are monitored and mitigated by an annual management strategy meeling and the maintenance of adequate
reserves.
The tnjstees have considered the ongoing viability of the CSA during and post pandemic and after having looked at several
scenarios are satisfied Ihat it remains viable for the next twelve months and indeed on going. In addition, the University has
offered some support during this difficult lime which the trustees believe it therefore sees the CSA as an inlegral part of
university life.
FUTURE PLANS
The CSA will focus on enhancing provisions for all students during their time at all sites and prioritise student support. The
CSA undertakes this work to ensure that studenls receive a valued experience al Cranfield and student activities are
implemented to the benefrt the student body. We will continue to raise awareness of our financial situation in the hope of
securing more block grant funding and to analyse the review findings which we anticipate will have many further key areas lo
address as a priority. Our values and ethos of supporting sludents and representation will remain paramount, and we hope
to address representational structures with the university to ensure compliance and implemenl a reporting structure that
holds value for all.
The CSA will continue to push for enhancing the relationship be￿een the University and the charity and will be guided from
the findings from the external review. This is with the intent on ensuring we are legally compliant while achieving our
constitutional goals and enhancing operations to maximise benefit to all students. The premises will hopefully see further
improvements on a greater level than just cosmetic. We plan to address this issue wth the university and request
permission to apply for additional funding to make essential improvements to the toilets, that currently fall below the
recommended requirements, and to seek clarification as to who has ownership of which areas. The CSA general manager
will keep the chair of the tnJstees. and the board regularly updated on progress and proposed spend.
Page 5

Cranfield Students. Association
Report of the Trustees
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT
Under the Education Act 1994, Cranfield University has a statutory duty lo ensure that the CSA operates in a fair and
democratic manner and is held to proper account for its finances. The CSA therefore works alongside Cranfield University
in ensuring ihat the affairs of the CSA are properly conducted and that the educational and weffare needs of its members
are met.
CSA seeks lo:
i) ensure that the diversity of its membership is recognised, and that equal a￿e$S is available to all Members of vthalever
origin or orientation.
ii) pursue its aims and objectives independent of any political party or religious group.. and
iii) pursue equal opportunities by taking positive action within the law to facilitate participation of groups discriminated
against by society-
Two of the Officer Trustees are paid as part time offi￿rS of the CSA. The President is a half time sabbatical post. working
for the CSA alongside their sludies. The Vice President {Shrivenham) is paid for 10 hours per month. Neither is paid for
working as Trustees. and all other Trustees give their lime voluntarily. These arrangements are in accordan￿ with Charity
Commission and NUS guidance on employment of truslees.
The trustees determine the overall strategic direction and development of the CSA. The Trustees delegate day-to-day power
to the General Manager.
The Executive Committees represent the students at Cranfield Universiiy and their viewpoint to the Cranfield Students,
Association trustees. management, and various University operational committees. The opinions of the Executive
Committees are prioritised by the CSA'S operational managers when planning activities.
Training of both Trustees and Officers continues to be developed lo reflect their responsibilities. This is an on-going process
as the CSA works to ensure that its Trustees and Executive Officers have the greatest possible opportunity to suC￿ed in
their roles.
REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS
Registered Charity number
1143960
Principal address
CSA Cranfield University
College Road
Cranfield
Bedford
MK43 OAL
Trustees
Stewart Oates
External Trustee
Appointed
Reappoinled
Appointed
Appointed
Appointed
Appointed
Appointed
Appointed
Reappointed
1510312017
1810312020
1510312018
0510512022 Retired 0110412024
3110512024
0610412023 Retired 3110512024
2211112022 Retired 3111012023
0210412022
0610412023
Anne Granger
Tom Gregory
Muhammet Sen
Ehizuelen Imafidon
Annabel Leger
Bonny Thawani
External Trustee
Extemal Trustee
President
President
Vice-President (Cranfield)
Vice-President (Shrivenham)
Mayank Shamia
Lydia Fromosu
Abhishek Malayappan
Kamalanathan
Jen Hollands
Hanna Coles
Vice-President (Cranfield)
Student Trustee
Student Trustee
11-
Appointed
Appointed
Appointed
3011012023
2211112022 Retired 3111012023
2211112022
Student Trustee
Student Trustee
Appointed
Appointed
0111112023
0510512024
Page 6

Cranfield Students. Association
Report of the Trustees
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS
Independent Examiner
J T G Harris
Harris & Clarke LLP
7 Billing Road
Northampton
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE
NN15AN
General Manager
Lorraine Wright
The general manager is employed by Cranfield University who set pay and remuneration scales for this position.
Bankers
Natwesl plc
501 Silbury Boulevard
Saxon Gate East
Milton Keynes
MK9 3ER
Appointment of Trustees
Officer and Student Trustees are elected by the student body as described in the CSA bye laws.. Student Trustees every
years and Officer Trustees annually. External Trustees are recruited by the CSA Appointments Committee and confirmed by
students at a general meeting as described in the CSA constitution and byelaws. No external body may appoint a trustee. All
External Trustees must be approved by students at a general meeting before taking up their appointment, and they then
serve for three years. All Trustees are inducted and trained by the CSA General Manager supported by documentalion
provided by Ihe Charity Commission,. further training may be provided by the University. This year a new extemal trustee
member was appointed.
The Board of Trustees has authority to manage the affairs of CSA in a professional manner. The Members enjoy the right to
elect a proportion of Ihe Trustees and to dismis5 all the Trustees. The Board of Trustees gives the utmost consideration to
the views of Members.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
During the year, the following people served on the Executive Committees, together with the President and Vice-Presidents.
ranfield Cam
EDandl
Wellbeing Officer
Green Officer
VI￿ President
International Officer
Execulive Secretary
Umang Agrawal
Nathan D'souza
Kim Del Kaze
Mayank Sharma
Dhairya Shah
Shravan Setlur
Shrivenham Cam
us
Publicity Officer
Vice President
Engagement Officer
Social Officer
Laura Brown
Bonny Thawani
Gurkan Yesilyurl - resigned 3111212023
Bryn Nicol
Page 7

Cranfield Students. Association
Report of the Trustees
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
Approve
order of the board
tru
es on 16 May 2025 and signed on its behalf by..
Mrs
s - Trustee
Page 8

Independent Examiner's Report to the Trustees of
Cranfield Students. Association
Independent examiner's report to the trustees of Cranfield Students. Association
I report lo the charity trustees on my examination of the accounts of Cranfield Students, Association (Ihe Trust) for the year
ended 31 July 2024.
Responsibilities and basis of report
As the charity trustees of the Trust you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the
requirements of the Charities Ad 2011 ('the Act,).
I report respect of my examination of the Trust's accounts carried out under Section 145 of the Act and in carying out my
examination I have followed all applicable Directions given by the Charity Commission under Section 145(51(b} of the Act.
Independent examiner's statement
Since your charity's gross income exceeded £250,000 your examiner must be a member of a listed body. I can confirm that I
am qualified to undertake the examination because l am a member ofthe Institute of Chartered A￿untantS in England and
Wales. which is one of the listed bodies.
I have completed my examination. I confirm that no material matters have come to my attention in connects'on with the
examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect..
accounting records were not kept in respect of the Trust as required by Section 130 of the Act,. or
the accounls do not accord with those records., or
the accounts do not comply with the applicable requirements concerning the form and content of arKounts set out in
the Charilies (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 other than any requirement that Ihe accounts give a true and
fair view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination.
I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with Ihe examination to which attention should be
drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.
arris
The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales
Harris & Clarke LLP
7 Billing Road
Northampton
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE
NN1 SAN
16 May 2025
Page 9

Cranfield Students. Association
Statement of Financial Activities
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
2024
Total
funds
2023
Total
funds
Unrestricted
fund
Restricted
funds
Notes
INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM
Donations and legacies
191,332
141,432
332,764
306,307
Charitsble activities
Representation, social and welfare
416,596
31,810
448.406
428,749
Other trading activities
Investment income
134,989
3.392
134.989
3,392
165,560
2.029
Total
746,309
173,242
919.551
902,645
EXPENDITURE ON
Raising funds
130,562
130,562
132,226
Charitable activities
Representalion, social and welfare
614,530
165,975
780,505
740,382
Total
745,092
165,975
911.067
872,608
NET INCOME
1,217
7.267
8,484
30,037
RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS
Total funds brought fO￿ard
234,659
49.484
284.143
254,106
TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD
235.876
56.751
292.627
284,143
CONTINUING OPERATIONS
All income and expenditure has arisen from continuing adivities.
The notes fomi part of these financial statements
Page 10

Cranfield Students. Association
Balance Sheet
31 July 2024
2024
Total
funds
2023
Total
funds
Unrestricted
fund
Restricted
funds
Notes
FIXED ASSETS
Tangible assets
12
67,197
67,197
47,389
CURRENT ASSETS
Stocks
Debtors
Cash at bank and in hand
13
14
30.908
32.658
211,656
30,908
32,658
269,450
32,026
40,109
268,151
57,794
275.222
57,794
333,016
340,286
CREDITORS
Amounts falling due within one year
15
(106,5431
{1,043)
(107,586)
{103,532)
NET CURRENT ASSETS
168,679
56,751
225.430
236,754
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES
235,876
56,751
292,627
284,143
NET ASSETS
235.876
56,751
292,627
284,143
FUNDS
Unrestricted funds
Restricted funds
16
235,876
56.751
234.659
49,484
TOTAL FUNDS
292,627
284,143
The financial statements were approved by the Board of Trustees and authorised for issue on 16 May 2025 and were signed
on its behalf by..
Mr SO Oates- Trustee
Mr M Sen - Trustee
The notes form part of these financial statements
Page11

Cranfield Students. Association
Cash Flow Statement
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
2024
2023
Notes
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations
33,477
33,406
Net cash provided by operating activities
33,477
33,406
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of tangible fixed assets
Inlerest received
(35,570)
3.392
(12.410)
2,029
Net cash used in invesling acttvities
{32,178)
(10,381)
Change in cash and cash equivalents In
the reporting period
Cash and cash equivalents at the
beginning of the reporting period
1,299
23,025
268.151
245.126
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of
the reporting pertod
269,450
268,151
The notes form part of these financial statements
Page 12

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Cash Flow Ststement
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO NET CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
2024
2023
Net income for the reporting period (as per the Statement of Finan¢ial
Activities)
Adjustments for:
Depreciation charges
Interest received
Decreasellincrease) in stocks
Decreasel(increase) in debtors
Increase in creditors
8,484
30,037
15.762
{3,392)
1,118
7,451
4,054
10,132
(2,029)
(4,862)
(17.390)
17,518
Net cash provided by operations
33,477
33.406
ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET FUNDS
At 1.8.23
Cash flow
At 31.7.24
Net cash
Cash at bank and in hand
268,151
1,299
269.450
268,151
1.299
269.450
Total
268.151
1,299
269,450
The notes form part of these financial statements
Page 13

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Statements
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of preparing the financial statements
The financial statements of the charity, which is a public benefit entity under FRS 102, have been prepared in
accordan￿ with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) 'Accounting and Reporting by Charilies.. Statement of
Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordan￿ with the Financial Reporting
Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) {effective 1 January 2019),, Financial Reporting
Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland, and the Charilies Act
2011. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.
Income
All income is recognised in the Slatement of Financial Activities once the tharity has entitlement lo the fijnds. it is
probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably.
For donations be recognised the charity will have been notified of the amounts and settlement date in writing.
Donated servitss are recognised in income at their fair value when Iheir economic benefit is probable, it cAn be
measured reliably and the charity has conlrol over the item. Fair value is determined on the basis of Ihe value of the
gifi lo the charity. For example the amount the charity would be willing to pay in the open market for such facilities
and services. A corresponding amount is recognised in expenditure.
Income from trading activilies includes income earned from events and other Irading activities to raise funds for the
charity. Income is received in exchange for supplying goods and services in order to raise funds and is recognised
when entrtlement has occurred
Income from grants is recognised at fair value when the charity has entitlement after any perft)rmance conditions
have been met, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably. If
ents'tlement is not met then these amounts are deferred.
Grant income from the Govemment Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme is recognised in the period to which the
underlying furloughed staff costs relale. The payroll liability has been incurred by the CSA, and it has therefore met
Ihe conditions to claim for that payroll accounting period.
Expenditure
Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity
to that expenditure, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount
of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been
classified under headings that aggregale all cost related lo the category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to
particular headings they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources.Costs are
allocated based on Iheir relevance to the activity.
Grants payable to third parties are within the charitsble objectives. Grants to institutions are to individual club5 and
societies. Where unconditional grants are offered, this is accrued as soon as the recipient is notified of Ihe grant, as
this gives rise to a reasonable expectation that Ihe recipient wll receive the grants. Where granls are condilional
relating lo performance Ihen the grant is only accrued when any unfulfilled conditions are outside of the control of the
charity.
Tangible fixed assets
The fixed assets are measured at cost and depreciation is provided al the following annual rates in order to write off
each asset over its estimated useful life Cost includes costs directly attributable to making the asset capable of
operating as inlended.
Improvemenl to property - straight line over ten years
Fixtures and fittings
250/0 on cost
Fixed assets are capitalised rf they can be used for more than one year at cost at least £500. They are valued at
cost.
Page 14
continued...

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Ststements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued
Stocks
Stocks are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. after making due allowan￿ for obsolete and slow
moving items.
Taxation
The charity is a not for profit organisation and is not subject to corporation tax.
Fund accounting
Unrestricted funds can be used in accordance wilh the charitable objectives at the discretion of Ihe trustees.
Restricted funds can only be used for particular restricted purposes within the objects of the charity. Restrictions
arise when specified by the donor or when funds are raised for particular restricted purposes.
Further explanation of the nature and purpose of each fvnd is included in the notes to the financial statements.
Hire purchase and leasing commitments
Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Financial Activities on a straight line basis over
the period of the lease.
Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits
The charity operales a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the charity's pension scheme
are charged to the Stalement of Financial Activities in the period to which they relate.
Going concern
The finanaal statements have been prepared on a going concern basis as the Trustees have detemiined thal there
are no material uncertainties that cast doubt upon the entities ability lo continue in the foreseeable future. The
Trustees have considered the level of funds held and the expected level of income and expenditure for 12 months
from authorising these financial statements. The budgeted income and expenditure is sufficient wilh the level of
reserves for the charity lo be able to continue as a going cOn￿M.
DONATIONS AND LEGACIES
2024
2023
Donated services and facilities
University Grants
141,432
191.332
131,810
174.497
332.764
306.307
Donated services consist of the wages and assouated costs of the general manager. finance manager and CSA
o-ordinator, who are all employed by Cranfield University but work full time on behalf of the association.
Page 15
continued...

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Statements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
OTHER TRADING ACTIVITIES
2024
2023
Shop income
Pool table and air hockey income
Photo booth commission
Room hire
Marketing-PromotionlAdverts
Coach trips and events
Coach card
116.843
4,306
321
175
1,475
10,789
1,080
151,179
1,242
381
355
1.300
10,021
1,082
134,989
165,560
INVESTMENT INCOME
2024
2023
Deposit account interest
3,392
2,029
INCOME FROM CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES
2024
2023
Activity
Representation, social and welfare
Representation, social and welfare
Representation, social and welfare
Representation, social and welfare
Bar income
Cafe Income
NUS Extra income
Grants
147,522
267,174
1.900
31,810
154.331
236,328
1,933
36,157
448.406
428,749
Grants received, included in the above, are as follows..
2024
2023
Clubs and societies
Shrivenham Campus
19,810
12.000
24.157
12,000
31.810
36,157
Page 16
continued...

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Statements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
RAISING FUNDS
Other trading activities
2024
2023
Purchases
Staff costs
Coach trips and events costs
Coach cards
82,167
37.683
9,387
1,325
114.192
8,764
9,270
130,562
132,226
CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES COSTS
Support
costs {see
note 8)
Direct
Costs
Totals
Representation. social and welfare
613.197
167,308
780,505
SUPPORT COSTS
Govemance
costs
Finance
Other
Totals
Representation, social and welfare
1,370
160,483
5.455
167.308
Support Gosts. included in the above, are as follows..
2024
Representation,
social
and
welfare
2023
Total
activities
Bank charges
Wages
Training
Servi￿$ provided in kind
Accountancy and legal fees
1.370
17.125
1,926
141.432
5,455
1,944
17.331
1,220
131.810
5,000
167.308
157.305
Page 17
continued...

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Statements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
TRUSTEES. REMUNERATION AND BENEFITS
President
E Imafidon
£9.762 (2023 £2,918)
Msen
£2,859 {2023 £0)
J Wainwrighl £0 (2023 £9,463)
Vice President Ishrivenham)
B Thawani £1,320 (2023.. £1,320)
The President is paid as a part time offI￿r of the CSA which is a half term sabbatical post alongside their studies.
The VI￿ President (Shrivenham) is paid for 10 hours per month. Neither is paid for working as a Trustee.
All other Trustees give their time voluntarily.
These arrangements are in accordance with Charity Commission and NUS guidelines on employment of trustees.
Trustees, expenses
There were no trustees, expenses paid for the year ended 31 July 2024 nor for the year ended 31 July 2023.
10.
STAFF COSTS
2024
2023
Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Other pension costs
262,798
3.825
6,757
219.067
11,676
4,114
273,380
234,857
The average monthly number of employees during the year was as follows..
2024
2023
Officers
Administration
Shop
Barlcafe
14
14
25
24
No employees received emoluments in excess of £60,000.
Staff costs include £13,941 (2023:13,701) paid lo trustees.
In addition to the above, the general manager. finance manager and CSA co-ordinator are employed by Cranfield
University but work full time on behalf of the association. Their salaries and related costs of £141,432 (2023..
£131,810) are included as part of services provided in kind, not staff costs.
Page 18
continued...

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Statements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
11.
COMPARATIVES FOR THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES
Unrestricted
fund
Restricted
funds
Total
funds
INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM
Donations and legacies
174,496
131,811
306.307
Charitable activities
Representation, social and welfare
392,592
36,157
428,749
Other trading activities
Investment income
165,560
2,029
165,560
2,029
Total
734,677
167,968
902,645
EXPENDITURE ON
Raising funds
132,226
132,226
Charitable activities
Representalion, social and welfare
568.642
171,740
740,382
Total
700.868
171,740
872,608
NET INCOMEIIEXPENDITURE)
33.809
(3,772)
30,037
RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS
Total funds brought forward
200,850
53,256
254.106
TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD
234,659
49,484
284.143
12.
TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS
Improvements
to
property
Fixtures
and
fittings
Motor
vehicles
Totals
COST
At 1 August 2023
Additions
261,837
25,759
160,753
3,423
422.590
35,570
6,388
At 31 July 2024
287,596
164,176
6,388
458,160
DEPRECIATION
At 1 August 2023
Charge for year
230,305
8.363
144,896
6,600
375,201
15.762
799
At 31 July 2024
238.668
151,496
799
390.963
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 July 2024
48,928
12.680
5,589
67,197
Al 31 July 2023
31,532
15.857
47,389
Page 19
conlinued...

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Statements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
13.
STOCKS
2024
2023
Stocks
30,908
32.026
14.
DEBTORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2024
2023
Trade debtors
Prepayments
24,775
7,883
31,661
8,448
32,658
40,109
15.
CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2024
2023
Trade creditors
Taxation and social security
Other creditors
35.469
21,357
50.760
46,414
10,091
47,027
107,586
103.532
16.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS
Net
movement
in funds
At
31.7.24
At 1.8.23
Unrestricted funds
General fund
234,659
1,217
235,876
Restricted funds
Clubs and Societies
Shrivenham Campus
33.293
16,191
34.836
21,915
5,724
49.484
7.267
56,751
TOTAL FUNDS
284.143
8,484
292.627
Page 20
continued...

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Ststements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
16.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS - continued
Net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows..
Incoming
resources
Resources
expended
Movement
in funds
Unrestricted funds
General fund
746,309
(745,0921
1,217
Restricted funds
Clubs and Societies
Shrivenham Campus
University Grants
19,810
12.000
141.432
118,2671
16,276}
{141,432)
1,543
5,724
173,242
{165,975)
7,267
TOTAL FUNDS
919,551
(911,067)
8.484
Comparatives for movement In funds
Net
movement
in funds
At
31.7.23
At 1.8.22
Unrestrtcted funds
General fund
200.850
33,809
234,659
Restricted funds
Clubs and Societies
Shrivenham Campus
41,977
11,279
{8,684)
4.912
33,293
16,191
53,256
{3.772)
49.484
TOTAL FUNDS
254,106
30,037
284,143
Comparative net movemenl in funds, included in the above are as follows..
Incoming
resources
Resources
expended
Movement
in funds
Unrestricted funds
General fund
734.677
1700,868)
33,809
Restricted funds
Clubs and Societies
Shrivenham Campus
University Grants
24,158
12,000
131,810
(32,8421
(7.088)
(131,810)
(8,684)
4,912
167,968
(171.740)
(3,772)
TOTAL FUNDS
902,645
(872.608)
30.037
Page 21
continued...

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Statements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
16.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS - continued
A current year 12 months and prior year 12 months combined position is as follows..
Net
movement
in funds
At
31.7.24
At 1.8.22
Unrestricted funds
General fvnd
200.850
35.026
235.876
Restricted funds
Clubs and Societies
Shrivenham Campus
41,977
11,279
{7,141)
10,636
34,836
21.915
53,256
3,495
56,751
TOTAL FUNDS
254,106
38,521
292,627
A current year 12 monlhs and prior year 12 months combined net movement in funds, included in the above are as
follows..
Incoming
resources
Resources
expended
Movement
in funds
Unrestricted funds
General fvnd
1,480,986
(1,445,960)
35,026
Restricted funds
Clubs and Societies
Shrivenham Campus
University Grants
43.968
24,000
273,242
(51,109)
(13,364)
{273,2421
(7.141)
10,636
341,210
(337,7151
3,495
TOTAL FUNDS
1,822,196
(1,783,675)
38,521
Restricted Funds
The restricted funds are made up of the following..
University grants - Grants received from Cranfield University in relation to se￿I￿S donated in kind.
Clubs and Societies - Grants received from Cranfield University specifically for use of awards, grants for entrance,
courses and affiliation fees for individual clubs and societies together with equipment for use of Clubs and Societies.
Shrivenham Campus
campus.
Grants received from Cranfield University for associated cosls in respect of Shrivenham
Page 22
continued..-

Cranfield Students. Association
Notes to the Financial Statements - continued
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
17.
RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES
The truslee E Imafidon acted as trustee for Cranfield University (The University) during the year.
The association made sales of £94,496 {2023-.£69,5811 to the University and made purchases from the University of
£75,616 (2023-.£79,3511. The association also received core grant income and donated services in kind of £320,261
(2023'.£306,3071 from the University. The association also received a university departmental grant of £12.000
{2023:£12,000) specifically for the Shrivenham campus and a university restricted grant of £19.810 (2022= £24,157)
specifically for student clubs and societies. The amount due from The University at Ihe year end, which is included in
trade debtors is £24.194 (2023-. £22,364> The amount due to The University at the year end which is included in
trade creditors, is £7,631 (2023:£11,822}.
The student body operates various clubs and socielies for which the CSA hold monies. The balance held at the year
end is £32.043 {2023'. £29.31 n and the consequential liability is shown in note 16.
The association gave grants to various individual clubs and societies amounting to £0 (2022-. nil)
18.
FUNDS HELD AS AGENT
Other creditors includes funds held on behalf of the individual dubs and societies under Bye Law 15 para 21.
These receipts and payments only reflect Iransactions made or re￿iVed by CSA on behalf of the clubs and
societies.
Under Bye Law 15 para. 24 balances there were no payments during the year reverted to CSA for dubslsoaeties
which hadnl re-registered for 5 years. (2023'.£767).
Under Bye Law 15 Para.28 the individual clubs and societies are responsible for maintaining their own accounting
records and preparation of relevant accounts. As such the amounts paid and received by CSA on behalf of Ihe
clubs and societies may not necessarily reflect all of the transactions of every club and society.
CSA acts as agent for Ihese amounts paid and received during the year as follows..
2024
2023
Bank balances brought forward
Received
Paid
Reverted funds
29,317
47.431
(44.705)
27,749
44.887
(42,552)
(767)
Bank balance ¢2rried forward
32.043
29,317
Page 23

Cranfield Students. Association
Detailed Statement of Financial Activities
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
2024
2023
INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS
Donations and legacies
Donated services and facilities
University Grants
141,432
191.332
131,810
174.497
332,764
306.307
Other trading activities
Shop income
Pool table and air hockey income
Photo booth commission
Room hire
Marketing-PromotionlAdverts
Coach trips and events
Coach card
116,843
4.306
321
175
1.475
10.789
1,080
151,179
1,242
381
355
1,300
10,021
1,082
134,989
165,560
Investment income
Deposit account interest
3,392
2.029
Charitable actlvities
Bar income
Cafe Income
NUS Extra income
Grants
147.522
267.174
1,900
31,810
154.331
236.328
1,933
36,157
448.406
428.749
Total incoming resources
919,551
902.645
EXPENDITURE
Other trading activities
Shop purchases
Wages
Coach trips and events costs
Coach cards
82,167
37,683
9,387
1,325
114.192
8,764
9,270
130,562
132.226
Charitable activities
Wages
Social security
Pensions
Bar purchases and consumables
Carried fomard
207.990
3,825
6,757
65,200
283,772
192.972
11,676
4.114
65.828
274,590
This page does not form part of the slalutory financial statements
Page 24

Cranfield Students. Association
Detailed Statement of Financial Activities
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
2024
2023
Charitable activities
Brought forward
Cafe purchases and consumables
Space charges
Stock movement
Light and heat
Telephone
Printing, postage and stationery
Computer costs and website
Community support
Equipment rental
Repairs and maintenance
Cleaning
Stock take
Security
Entertainment
Insurance
Subscriptions
Individual Clubs and Societies expendilure
Irrecoverable VAT
NUS Extra costs
Executive projects
Staff entertaining and rewards
Major event costs
Slaff uniforms
Sundries
Merchant charges
Shrivenham Campus expenditure
Travel expenses
Depreciation - Improvements to property
Depreciation - Fixtures, fittings and equipment
Depreciation - motor vehicle
283,772
112,193
19.784
(2,076)
37,815
1,118
2,391
5,406
1.354
1.726
19,704
11,355
845
9,685
15,613
10.911
359
18,267
9.651
4.667
3,911
1,837
13.831
959
476
9,298
1.771
812
8,363
6,600
799
274,590
105,487
19,784
{2,413)
37,139
1,098
2,610
4,053
5,841
16,157
10,116
896
10,602
8,053
7,603
290
32,842
4,996
2,982
1,670
11,123
903
1,295
10,739
2,138
287
5,976
4,156
613,197
583,077
Support costs
Finance
Bank charges
1,370
1,944
Other
Wages
Training
Se￿1￿$ provided in kind
17.125
1,926
141.432
17,331
1,220
131,810
160,483
150,361
Governance costs
Accountancy and legal fees
5.455
5,000
This page does not form part of the statutory financial statements
Page 25

Cranfield Students. Association
Detailed Statement of Financial Activities
For The Year Ended 31 July 2024
2024
2023
Total resources expended
911,067
872,608
Net income
8,484
30,037
This page does not forrn part of the statutory financial statement5
Page 26