| CONTENTS | PAGE | |
|---|---|---|
| Trustee Board and Union Information |
||
| Report ofthe Trustees | ||
| Independent Auditors' |
Report to the Members | 22 |
| Statement of Financial |
Activities | 26 |
| Balance Sheet | 27 | |
| Cash Flow Statement | 28 | |
| Notes to the Financial | Statements | 29 |
| Board Members | Trustee Category | Meetings attended |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| %Attendance | |||
| Raham Odjegba | Officer - Union President | 5 (of5)(100%) | |
| Nikita Patel | Officer - Vice President | Education | 4 (of5)(80%) |
| Katie Sandison | Officer - Vice President | Activities | 1 (of2)(50%) |
| Nitam Mehta | Officer - Vice President | Welfare | 3 (of5)(60%) |
| Emma Sims | External | 3 (of5)(60%) | |
| Jill Wells | External | 1 (of 1)(100%) | |
| Geoff Birch | External | 5(of5)(100%) | |
| Nicola Mason Jose Sedano-Martinez |
External External |
5(of5)(100%) 4 (of5)(80%) |
|
| Dana Hemsley | Student | 0 (of4)(0%) | |
| Aicha Khan | Student | 3 (of4)(75%) | |
| Anita Muathe Rufus Onetufo |
Student Student |
0 (of3)(0%) 0 of3 0% |
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | Total | ||
| Note | E | 6 | 6 | ||
| INCOME FROM: | |||||
| Voluntary income |
1,359,636 | 1,359,636 | 1,324,495 | ||
| Grants and other funding | |||||
| Charitable activities |
759,310 | 600,416 | 1,359,726 | 1,020,424 | |
| Other trading activities |
3,066 | 3,066 | 6,101 | ||
| Investments | 1,700 | 1,700 | 926 | ||
| Income from Operations | 759,310 | 1,964,818 | 2,724,128 | 2,351,946 | |
| EXPENDITURE ON: | |||||
| Charitable activities: |
|||||
| Membership services |
7,9 | 700,862 | 1,283,949 | 1,984,811 | 1,769,805 |
| Primary purpose trading |
7,9 | 64,589 | 598,374 | 662,963 | 477,009 |
| Expenditure from Operations |
7-9 | 765,451 | 1,882,323 | 2,647,774 | 2,246,814 |
| Pension Discount Unwinding Cost |
1121 | 73,621 | 73,621 | (172,497) | |
| Exceptional Expenditure |
23,210 | 23,210 | 6,150 | ||
| Total Expenditure | 839,072 | 1,905,533 | 2,744,605 | 2,080,467 | |
| Net Operating Result for the year - Surplus/(Deficit) |
(6,141) | 82,495 | 76,354 | 105,132 | |
| Net Result for the year Surplus/(Deficit) |
(79,762) | 59,285 | (20,477) | 271,479 | |
| Total funds brought forward |
(1,202,904) | 217,378 | (985,526) | (1,257,005) | |
| Reserves Transfer | 20 | 84,439 | (84,439) | ||
| Total funds carried forward | (1,198,227) | 192,224 | (1,006,003) | (985,526) |
| Company No: 076239 31JULY 2023 |
17 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31/07/2023 | 31/07/2022 | |||||
| Note | 6 f |
6 | ||||
| FIXEDASSETS | ||||||
| Tangible fixed assets | 13 | 26,422 | 20,420 | |||
| Investments | 14 | 1 | 1 | |||
| CURRENT ASSETS | 26,423 | 20,421 | ||||
| Stock | 15 | 22,658 | 20,217 | |||
| Debtors | 16 | 81,780 | 57,654 | |||
| Cash at bank and in hand | 287,539 | 325,650 | ||||
| 391,977 | 403,521 | |||||
| CREDITORS: | ||||||
| Amounts due within one year |
17 | (249,567) | (212,109) | |||
| NET CURRENT ASSETS | 142,410 | 191,412 | ||||
| Total assets less current | liabilities | 168,833 | 211,833 | |||
| CREDITORS: | ||||||
| Amounts due after more NET ASSETS |
than one year | 18 20,24 |
~1,174,836 ~3850853 |
103579. ~985.520 |
||
| FUNDS | ||||||
| Restricted funds | ||||||
| - Pension Deficit Reserve - Students' Societies 8 Club Funds - Total Restricted Funds |
(1,270,614) 72,387 ~1,198,227 |
(1,288,210) 85,306 ~1,202,904 |
||||
| Unrestricted funds |
||||||
| - General Funds | 135,922 | 173,019 | ||||
| - Designated Funds |
56 302 | 44,359 | ||||
| - Total Unrestricted | Funds | 192224 | 217,378 | |||
| TOTAL FUNDS | 20 | ~3556083 | ~080,526 |
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net cash (oufflow)/inflow | from | operating | ||||||
| activities | 26 | 77,716 | 173,346 | |||||
| Investin | activities | |||||||
| Payments | to acquire | tangible | fixed assets | (26,308) | (6,321) | |||
| Net cash | flow from | investing | activities | (26,308) | (6,321) | |||
| Finanein | activities | |||||||
| Repayment | ofPension | Deficit | (91,219) | (85,756) | ||||
| Interest received | 1 7oo | 926 | ||||||
| Net cash activities |
flow from/(used | in) financing | (89,519) | (84,830) | ||||
| Increase/(Decrease) | in | cash | and cash | |||||
| equivalents | (38,111) | 82,195 | ||||||
| Cash and | cash equivalents | at | start ofyear | 325,650 | 243453 | |||
| Cash and | cash equivalents | at | end ofyear | 287 539 | 325648 |
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | ||||||
| 8 | ||||||
| Voice | 261,291 | 5,020 | 266,311 | |||
| Life | ||||||
| Community | 433,429 | 57,496 | 490,925 | |||
| Membership | Services | 694,720 | 62,516 | 757,236 | ||
| Primary Purpose Trading Activities |
64,590 | 537,900 | 602,490 | |||
| Total | 759,310 | 600,416 | 1,359,726 | |||
| Charitable activities |
||||||
| Direct Income | from charitable | activities | 600,416 | 600,416 | ||
| Benefit in kind— | ||||||
| Accommodation | &Service | 587,172 | 587,172 | |||
| Clubs and Societies - Income | 172138 | 172,138 | ||||
| 759,310 | 600,416 | 1,359726 | ||||
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | ||||
| 2022 | ||||||
| 8 | 8 | |||||
| Voice | 129,164 | 7,180 | 136,344 | |||
| Life | 129,164 | (1,251) | 127,913 | |||
| Community | 289,382 | 39,845 | 329,227 | |||
| Membership Services |
547710 | 45,774 | 593484 | |||
| Primary Purpose Trading Activities | 43,055 | 383,885 | 426,940 | |||
| Total | 590765 | 429,659 | 1 020,424 | |||
| Charitable activities |
||||||
| Direct Income | from charitable | activities | 429,659 | 429,659 | ||
| Benefit in kind— | ||||||
| Accommodation | &Service | 430,548 | 430,548 | |||
| Clubs and Societies - Income | 160,217 | 160217 | ||||
| 590,765 | 429,659 | 1,020,424 |
| YE | AR ENDED 31JULY 202 | AR ENDED 31JULY 202 | AR ENDED 31JULY 202 | AR ENDED 31JULY 202 | 3 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6. | OTHER TRADING INCOME | |||||||||
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | ||||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||||
| 6 | 6 | 6 | ||||||||
| Marketing | 1,338 | 1,338 | ||||||||
| Digital Income | 555 | 555 | ||||||||
| Commission | 1,173 | 1 173 | ||||||||
| 3,066 | 3,066 | |||||||||
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | ||||||||
| 2022 | ||||||||||
| 6 | f | |||||||||
| Marketing | 5,268 | 5,268 | ||||||||
| Profit on sale oftangible | fixed assets | 833 | 833 | |||||||
| 6,101 | 6 101 | |||||||||
| 7. | EXPENDITURE ON CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES | |||||||||
| Restricted and Unrestricted | Expenditure | by Theme | ||||||||
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | ||||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||||
| 6 | ||||||||||
| Membership | Services | |||||||||
| Voice | 261,291 | 739,014 | 1,000,305 | |||||||
| Community | 436,789 | 544,781 | 981,570 | |||||||
| Projects | 2,782 | 154 | 2,936 | |||||||
| 700,862 | 1,283,949 | 1,984,811 | ||||||||
| Primary Purpose Trading |
Activities | 64,589 | 598,374 | 662,963 | ||||||
| 765,451 | 1,882,323 | 2,647,774 | ||||||||
| Direct Costs | Plus Benefit | in | Kind | |||||||
| Direct expenditure | 1,882,323 | 1,882,323 | ||||||||
| Clubs and Societies - Expenditure | 175,497 | 175,497 | ||||||||
| Benefit in Kind —Accom | & | Services | 587,172 | 587,172 | ||||||
| Projects in membership | services | 2,782 | 2,782 | |||||||
| 765,451 | 1,882,323 | 2,647,774 | ||||||||
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | ||||||||
| 2022 | ||||||||||
| Nlembership | Services | |||||||||
| Voice | 129,164 | 694,053 | 823,217 | |||||||
| Life | 129,164 | 137,491 | 266,655 | |||||||
| Community | 291,067 | 388,662 | 679,729 | |||||||
| Projects | 204 | 204 | ||||||||
| 549,599 | 1,220,206 | 1,769,805 | ||||||||
| Primary Purpose Trading | Activities | 43,055 | 433,954 | 477 009 | ||||||
| 592,654 | 1,654,160 | 2,246,814 |
| EXPENDITURE ON CHARITABLE ACTI | VITIES (continued | ) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Direct Costs Plus Benefit in Kind | |||
| Direct expenditure on charitable |
|||
| activities | 1,654,160 | 1,654,160 | |
| Clubs and Societies - Expenditure | 161,902 | 161,902 | |
| Benefit in Kind —Accom &Services | 430,548 | 430,548 | |
| Projects in membership services |
204 | 204 | |
| 592,654 | 1,654,160 | 2,246,814 |
| Direct & | Sup | port Expenditure by Them |
e | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activities | |||||
| undertaken | Support | ||||
| directly | costs | Total 2023 | |||
| 6 | |||||
| Membership | Services | ||||
| Voice | 861,743 | 138,562 | 1,000,305 | ||
| Life &Community | 843,008 | 138,562 | 981,570 | ||
| projects | 2,936 | 2,936 | |||
| 1,707 687 | 277,124 | 1,984,811 | |||
| Primary | Purpose Trading Activities | 828,712 | 34,251 | 682,963 | |
| Total | 2,336,399 | 311,375 | 2,647,774 | ||
| Activities | |||||
| undertaken | Support | ||||
| directly | costs | Total 2022 | |||
| 6 | |||||
| Membership | Services | ||||
| Voice | 733,917 | 89,300 | 823,217 | ||
| Life | 177,355 | 89,300 | 266,655 | ||
| Community | 590,428 | 89,301 | 679,729 | ||
| Projects | 204 | 204 | |||
| 1,501,904 | 267,901 | 1,769,805 | |||
| Primary | Purpose Trading Activities | 447,242 | 29,767 | 477,009 | |
| Total | 1,949,146 | 297,668 | 2,246,814 |
| Charitable expe |
nditure by cost |
type | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | |||||
| Purpose | Central | ||||
| Membership | Trading | Support | Total | ||
| Services | Activities | Costs | 2023 | ||
| f | 6 | 6 | f | ||
| Cost of Sale/Activity | Costs | 49,787 | 239,296 | 203 | 289,286 |
| Wages & Salaries | 748,698 | 247,336 | 177,115 | 1,173,149 | |
| Training and Subsistence |
10,195 | 2,354 | 11,623 | 24,172 | |
| Other employment | costs | 3,605 | 62 | 22,065 | 25,732 |
| NUS Affiliation Fee | 32,196 | 32,196 | |||
| Club 8 Society Support | 83,601 | 124 | 6,537 | 90,262 | |
| Administration | 8,363 | 372 | 25,739 | 34,474 | |
| Insurance | 5,944 | 18,295 | 24,239 | ||
| Repairs and Maintenance | 32 | 7,893 | 2,609 | 10,534 | |
| Essential Materials |
5,177 | 22,469 | 27,646 | ||
| Equipment and software |
15,526 | 13,013 | 6,408 | 34,947 | |
| Motor Costs | |||||
| Advertising &Promotions |
11,291 | 8,078 | 19,369 | ||
| Financial Costs | 3,135 | 17,041 | 1,691 | 21,867 | |
| Professional Fees |
34,718 | 974 | 18,298 | 53,990 | |
| Benefit in Kind - Accommodation | 510,840 | 58,717 | 17,615 | 587,172 | |
| &Services | |||||
| Depreciation —Building Costs | 3,383 | 5,597 | 8,980 | ||
| Depreciation —Fixtures & | 2,763 | 5,386 | 3,177 | 11,326 | |
| Equipment | |||||
| Restricted Project Costs |
2,782 | 2,782 | |||
| Restricted Club and |
Society Costs | 175,651 | 175,651 | ||
| 1,707,687 | 628,712 | 311,375 | 2,647,774 | ||
| Central Support Cost Allocation | 277,124 | 34,251 | f311,375) | ||
| 1,984,811 | 662,963 | 2,647,774 | |||
| Total |
| Charitable expenditu |
re by cost |
type | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | |||||
| Purpose | Central | ||||
| Membership | Trading | Support | Total | ||
| Services | Activities | Costs | 2022 | ||
| 6 | 6 | f. | |||
| Good for Resale | 25,330 | 201,049 | 226,379 | ||
| Salaries &Wages | 751,608 | 155,944 | 176,351 | 1,083,903 | |
| Training, Development |
&Travel | 9,500 | 6,941 | 16,441 | |
| Other Employment Costs |
1,433 | 28,011 | 29,444 | ||
| NUS Affiliation | 29,782 | 29,782 | |||
| Clubs and Societies —Transport, | |||||
| Facilities &Affiliation | 71,255 | 165 | 7,766 | 79,186 | |
| Insurance | 4,134 | 20,933 | 25,067 | ||
| Buildings —Repairs and | Cleaning | 10,646 | 2,437 | 13,083 | |
| Essential Materials |
1,855 | 10,157 | 1,695 | 13,707 | |
| Equipment and Software |
19,439 | 6,778 | 7,831 | 34,048 | |
| Minibus Expenditure |
8,517 | 8,517 | |||
| Advertising and Marketing |
7,988 | 628 | 8,616 | ||
| Finance Expenses | 2,819 | 11,996 | 1,650 | 16,465 | |
| Professional Expenses |
5,540 | 1,543 | 17,760 | 24,843 | |
| Administration Charges |
13,242 | (184) | 4,090 | 17,148 | |
| Depreciation —Building | Costs | 8,644 | 689 | 812 | 10,145 |
| Depreciation —Fixtures | & | ||||
| Equipment | 4,135 | 9,082 | 4,169 | 17,386 | |
| Benefit in kind - Accommodation | |||||
| and Services | 374,577 | 38,749 | 17,222 | 430,548 | |
| Restricted Club and Society Costs |
161,902 | 161,902 | |||
| Restricted Project costs | 204 | 204 | |||
| 1,501,904 | 447,242 | 297668 | 2,246814 | ||
| Central Support Cost Allocation | 267 901 | 29,767 | 297,668 | ||
| Total | 1 769805 | 477,009 | 2246 814 |
| OVERNANCE COSTS | ||
|---|---|---|
| Total | Total | |
| 2023 | 2022 | |
| Audit | 8,500 | 8,500 |
| Insurance | 1,445 | 1333 |
| Travel Expenses | 96 | |
| Board away day | 400 | 832 |
| Board expenses | 41 | 1,047 |
| Gifts | 28 | |
| Training events |
10,470 | 8,365 |
| Software | 5,797 | |
| Civil Subscription | 3,608 | 4,500 |
| 24,588 | 30,374 |
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023f | ||||
| Long Term Sickness | 16,800 | 16,800 | ||
| Redundancies | 3,910 | 3,910 | ||
| Old Invoices —Trading Services | 2,500 | 2,500 | ||
| SUSS Pension | Unwinding/Revaluation | 73,621 | 73,621 | |
| 73,621 | 23210 | 96831 |
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022f | ||||
| Salary fraud | 1,378 | 1,378 | ||
| Stock write off | 4,772 | 4,772 | ||
| SUSS Pension | Deficit Discount | |||
| Unwinding | 172,497 | 172,497 | ||
| 172,497 | 6,150 | 166,347 |
| STAFF | COSTS AND NUMBERS | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Total | ||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||
| 6 | 6 | ||
| Wages | and salaries | 1,007,817 | 925,861 |
| National | insurance | 78,314 | 75,368 |
| Pension | costs | 87218 | 82674 |
| 1173,149 | 1 083903 |
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | No. | ||||
| Full time staff | 36 | 37 | |||
| Student staff | 40 | 35 | |||
| 76 | 72 | ||||
| 13. | FIXEDASSETS | ||||
| Building | Fixtures & | ||||
| costs | Equipment | Total | |||
| 6 | 6 | 6 | |||
| Cost | |||||
| As at 1 August 2022 | 1,054,667 | 556,197 | 1,610,864 | ||
| Additions | 23,523 | 2,785 | 26,308 | ||
| Disposals | |||||
| As at 31 July 2023 | 1,078,190 | 558,982 | 1,637,172 | ||
| Accumulated depreciation |
|||||
| As at 1 August 2022 | 1,051,284 | 539,160 | 1,590,444 | ||
| Charge for the year | 8,980 | 11,326 | 20,306 | ||
| On Disposals | |||||
| As at 31 July 2023 | 1,060,264 | 550,486 | 1,610,750 | ||
| Net book value | |||||
| 31 July 2023 | 17,926 | 8,496 | 26,422 | ||
| 31 July 2022 | 3,383 | 17,037 | 20,420 |
| 2023 | 2022 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 6 | ||
| Trade creditors | 64,633 | 45,189 | |
| Social security and other taxes | 20,488 | 21,311 | |
| Other creditors | 49,796 | 35,927 | |
| Accruals and deferred | income | 18,873 | 18,830 |
| Pension liability |
95,777 | 90,852 | |
| 249567 | 212,109 |
| 2023 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | 6 | |
| Pension liability |
1 174,836 | 1,197359 |
| 1,174,836 | 1 197359 | |
| Repayment due as follows: |
||
| Due 1-2 Years Due 2-5 Years Due 5+Years |
195,556 449,307 529 973 |
186,245 315,763 695351 |
| 1 174836 | 1197359 |
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K | 6 | ||||||
| Financial | liabilities | measured | at | present | value: | ||
| Pension | deficit | 1,270,614 | 1,288,211 | ||||
| 1278614 | 1288211 |
| At 1 August 2022 |
Incoming resources |
Resources expended |
Transfers | At 31July 2023 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Restricted Funds | |||||
| Pension Deficit Fund Benefit in kind— Accommodation and Service |
(1,288,211) | 587,172 | (73,621) (587,172) |
91,218 | (1,270,614) |
| Clubs and Societies | 75,690 | 166,559 | (175,497) | (6,779) | 59,973 |
| Student Union Projects |
9,617 | 5,579 | 2,782 | 12,414 | |
| Total Restricted Funds |
1,202,904 | 759,310 | 839,072 | 84,439 | 1 198227 |
| Unrestricted Funds |
|||||
| Accumulated General Fund |
173,019 | 1,asa,soo | 1,90s,379 | 91,218 | 135,922 |
| Total General Funds | 173019 | 1,959,500 | 1,905379 | 91,218 | 135,922 |
| Designated funds |
|||||
| Film and arts designated | |||||
| fund | 5,113 | 5,113 | |||
| Sport Ball funds Clubs and Societies bidding |
4,717 | (154) | 4,563 | ||
| reserve | 22,412 | 22,412 | |||
| Clubs and Societies archived | 12,417 | 8,779 | 19,196 | ||
| Homes for Students | (300) | 300 | |||
| Development Sport |
5,018 | 5,018 | |||
| Total Designated Funds |
44,359 | 5,318 | 154 | 6,779 | 56302 |
| Total Unrestricted Funds |
217,378 | 1 964818 | 1,905,533 | 84,439 | 192224 |
| Total Funds | 985,526 | 2724 128 | 2,744,605 | 1 006003 |
| At 1 August 2021 |
incoming resources |
Resources expended |
Transfers | At 31July 2022 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Restricted Funds | ||||||
| Pension Deficit Fund Benefit in kind— Accommodation and Service |
«1,546,464) | 430,548 | 172,497 (430,548) |
85,756 | (1,288,211) | |
| Clubs and Societies | 91,003 | 152,049 | (161,902) | (5,460) | 75,690 | |
| Student union projects |
8,168 | 204 | 1,653 | 9617 | ||
| Total Restricted Funds |
1,455,461 | 590,765 | 420,157 | 81949 | 1,202,904 | |
| Unrestricted Funds |
||||||
| Accumulated General |
Fund | 157904 | 1 761,181 | 1660310 | 85,756 | 173 019 |
| Total General Funds | 157,904 | 1 761,181 | 1,660310 | 85756 | 173019 | |
| Designated funds |
||||||
| Film and arts designated | ||||||
| fund | 5,113 | 5,113 | ||||
| Sport Ballfunds | 4,717 | 4,717 | ||||
| Clubs and Societies bidding | ||||||
| reserve | 23,177 | (765) | 22,412 | |||
| Clubs and Societies archived | 6,945 | 5,472 | 12,417 | |||
| Homes for students | 600 | 900 | 300 | |||
| Total Designated Funds |
40,552 | 3,807 | 44,359 | |||
| Total Unrestricted Funds |
198,456 | 1,781,181 | (1,660,3101 | 81,949 | 217,378 | |
| Total Funds | (1,257,005) | 2,351,946 | (2,080,467) | (985,526) |
| ET ASSETS BYFUNDS | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | |
| 2023 | |||
| F | |||
| Tangible Fixed Assets | 26,422 | 26,422 | |
| Investments | 1 | 1 | |
| Net Current Assets | (23,391) | 165,801 | 142,410 |
| Liabilities due after more than one year | (1,174,835) | (1,174,836) | |
| Total Funds | (1,198,227) | 192,224 | (1,006,003) |
| Available Reserves | 72,387 | 192,224 | 264,611 |
| Accounting Reserves |
(1,270,614) | (1,270,614) | |
| Total Reserves | (1,198,227) | 192,224 | (1,006,003) |
| Restricted | Unrestricted | Total | |
| 2022 | |||
| 6 | |||
| Tangible Fixed Assets |
20,420 | 20,420 | |
| Investments | 1 | 1 | |
| Net Current Assets/(Liabilities) | (5,545) | 196,957 | 191,412 |
| Liabilities due after more than one year | (1,197,359) | (1,197,359) | |
| Total Funds | (1,202,904) | 217,378 | (985,526) |
| Available Reserves | 85,307 | 217,378 | 302,685 |
| Accounting Reserves |
(1,288,211) | (1,288,211) | |
| Total Reserves | (1 202 904) | 217,378 | (985,526) |
| ECONCILIATION OF OPERATING CASH |
FLOW | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | ||
| 6 | 6 | ||
| Cash flows from operating activities |
|||
| Surplus for the financial year | (20,477) | 271,479 | |
| Adjustments to reconcile profit forthe year to net cash from |
|||
| operating activities |
|||
| Interest received | (1,700) | (926) | |
| Depreciation | 20,306 | 27,531 | |
| (Increase)/decrease in inventories |
(2,441) | 6,003 | |
| Decrease in trade and other debtors |
(24,126) | 44,114 | |
| Increase in trade and other creditors |
32,533 | (2,358) | |
| Add back Pension Discount Unwinding |
Costs | 73,621 | (172,497) |
| Cash generated from operating activities |
77,716 | 173,346 |