OpenCharities

This text was generated using OCR and may contain errors. Check the original PDF to see the document submitted to the regulator.

2020-12-31-accounts

REGISTERED COMPANY NUMBER: RC000811 (England and Wales) REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: 1124890

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES AND

UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

FOR

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

Mark J Rees LLP Chartered Accountants Granville Hall Granville Road Leicester Leicestershire LE1 7RU

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

Page
Report of the Trustees 1 to 11
Independent Examiner's Report 12
Statement of Financial Activities 13
Balance Sheet 14 to 15
Notes to the Financial Statements 16 to 24
Detailed Statement of Financial Activities 25 to 26

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

The trustees who are also directors of the charity for the purposes of the Companies Act 2006, present their report with the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2020. The trustees have adopted the provisions of Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2015).

The Trustee's Report includes The Directors Report.

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

Objectives and aims

The objectives of the English Association are to benefit the public by promoting the knowledge and appreciation of the English language and its literatures and to foster good practice in its teaching and learning at all levels.

The Association has pursued and will pursue its objectives by any one or more of the methods set out below.

  1. Affording opportunities for professional and other co-operation amongst all those interested in English language and literature.

  2. Furthering the due recognition of English as an essential element in education at all levels and participating publicly in any national debate on the teaching of the subject at any level.

  3. Providing a forum for the discussion of practice and principle in the teaching and learning of English in all sectors of education from primary to university level.

  4. Encouraging and facilitating advanced study in English language and literature.

  5. Holding conferences, lectures and other meetings to respond to the professional needs of teachers and lecturers in all educational areas and to further the objects of the Association.

  6. Publishing a range of journals, books, papers and leaflets to promote the study and appreciation of English.

  7. Forming local branches to carry out the objects of the Association.

  8. Establishing relations with kindred bodies and co-operating with such bodies but only in furtherance of the objects of the Association.

  9. Enrolling members, collecting subscriptions from members and donations from any person interested in the objects of the Association.

  10. Engaging in any other activity which shall be conducive to the objects of the Association.

The Association reviews its aims, objectives and achievements each year and this report considers in detail achievements during 2020. In undertaking the review of the Association's aims, objectives and achievements the trustees have paid due regard to guidance issued by the Charity Commission on public benefit in deciding what activities the Association should undertake.

The charitable status of the English Association substantially enhances its ability to pursue its aims for the public benefit in a number of ways.

Page 1

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES Activities and achievements during 2020 PUBLICATIONS

English is the original journal of the Association and provides a forum for people who think hard and passionately about literature and who want to communicate those thoughts to a wide audience. It includes scholarly essays and reviews on all periods of literary history alongside new work by contemporary poets. English is published on behalf of the Association by Oxford University Press.

The Use of English is the longest-standing of journals for English teachers in schools and colleges and has been published by the Association since 1992. Vigorous, independent comment on theory, policy and practice has always been its forte.

English 4-11 is the only UK journal dedicated to English in the primary classroom. The journal is developed by primary specialists to give practical help to classroom teachers and is published jointly with the United Kingdom Literacy Association. The English 4-11 Picture Book awards are presented annually for the best children's illustrated books of the year.

The English Association Newsletter reflects the range of the Association's activities and interests and keeps members informed of all the activities and publications of the Association.

Essays and Studies is a series of annual themed volumes, each edited by a distinguished academic. The series is published on behalf of the Association by Boydell & Brewer.

The Year's Work in English Studies is a qualitative narrative bibliographical review of scholarly work on English language and on literatures written in English. The volume includes a detailed overview from Old English to contemporary critical works for a given year and is published on behalf of the Association by Oxford University Press.

The Year's Work in Critical and Cultural Theory is a companion volume to The Year's Work in English Studies, also published for the Association by Oxford University Press. It provides a narrative bibliography of work in the field of critical and cultural theory, recording significant debates and issues of interest in a broad field of research in the humanities and social sciences. The series is of interest to scholars working in many areas of literary and critical and cultural studies as well as in media, visual arts, history and political theory.

Issues in English is a series of occasional publications exploring current issues of debate in English at all levels.

English Association Monographs is a series comprising one or two monographs annually, published on behalf of the Association by Liverpool University Press. Monographs can be on any field of English Studies - Literature and Language - from the mediaeval period to the present.

Bookmarks are a series of pamphlets intended to supplement the enthusiasm of the literature teacher and to provide additional independent resources for readers wanting to broaden their engagement with literature. They are downloadable free of charge from the Association's website and also available as print on demand.

The following were published during the year:

English, Nos. 264-265, edited by Dr Katherine Baxter and Professor David Walker The Use of English, Volume 71 Nos. 2-3 and Volume 72 No. 1, edited by Dr Malcolm Hebron English 4-11, No. 68-70, edited by Sally Wilkinson Newsletter, Nos. 223-225, edited by Rebecca Fisher Essays and Studies 2020, Literature and Ageing, edited by Elizabeth Barry with Margery Vibe Skagen The Year's Work in English Studies Volume 99, edited by Professor William Baker and Professor Kenneth Womack The Year's Work in Critical and Cultural Theory Volume 28, edited by Dr Katherine Baxter and Dr Adam Hansen Issues in English 14, edited by Antony Rowland, Jenny Richards, and Rob Penman

Page 2

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES Conferences, key meetings, and events

January Meeting of the English 4-11 Editorial Board.
The Chief Executive represented the EA at a meeting of the Children's Poetry Summit and at
the Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging roundtable hosted by Pearson.
February Meeting of the Secondary Education Committee.
Meeting of the Higher Education Committee.
Meeting of the Finance Committee.
The Chief Executive represented the EA at a meeting on learned societies and equality, diversity
and inclusion hosted by the Royal Historical Society; and at the Wessex Awesome Book Awards.
March Meeting of the Primary Education Committee.
Meeting of the Board of Trustees.
The Chief Executive represented the EA at a Poetry By Heart consortium meeting; at Oxford
University Press' European Society Advisory Panel; and at the British Academy's Learned Societies
and Subject Associations Netowrk.
The EA team moved to remote working due to pandemic restrictions.
April Meeting of the English 4-11 Editorial Board.
Meeting of the Finance Committee.
May Winners of the English 4-11 Picture Book Awards announced.
Meeting of the Primary Education Committee.
Meeting of the Secondary Education Committee.
Meeting of the Higher Education Committee.
Meeting of the Board of Trustees.
Meeting of the Finance Committee.
The Chief Executive attended the ACEVO New Members meeting.
June English: Shared Futures 2020 was held online.
First meeting of the EA's Anti-Racism Working Group.
The Chief Executive represented the EA at a meeting of the Children's Poetry Summit.
July Meeting of the EA's Anti-Racism Working Group.
The EA hosted an English: Shared Futures satellite event, Action on teaching university English
online.
August Meeting of the EA's Anti-Racism Working Group.
September Meeting of the English 4-11 Editorial Board.
Meeting of the EA's Anti-Racism Working Group.
Meeting of the Finance Committee.
The Chief Executive represented the EA at Oxford University Press' European Society Advisory
Panel.
October Meeting of the EA's Anti-Racism Working Group.
November Annual editorial meeting for The Year's Work in Critical and Cultural Theory.
Annual editorial meeting for The Year's Work in English Studies.
Meeting of the Primary Education Committee.
Meeting of the Secondary Education Committee.
Meeting of the Higher Education Committee.
Meeting of the Finance Committee.
Meeting of the Board of Trustees.
Annual General Meeting and Awards Ceremony held online.
December Meeting of the EA's Anti-Racism Working Group.
The Chief Executive represented the EA at the British Academy's literature workshop.

Page 3

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

COMMITTEE REPORTS

Higher Education Committee

Members

Members
Jenny Richards Chair
Alex Thomson University English Liaison
Antony Rowland Manchester Metropolitan University
Caroline Magennis University of Salford
Claire Jowitt University of East Anglia
Clare Lees Institute of English Studies, School of Advanced Studies, University of London
Greg Walker University of Edinburgh
Martin Eve University of London
Martin Halliwell University of Leicester
Nicole King University of London
Rick Rylance School of Advanced Studies, University of London
Robert Eaglestone Royal Holloway, University of London
Varndean College Brighton and Murray Edwards College, University of Cambridge
Sean McEvoy (Secondary-Higher Education Committee Liaison)
Anshuman Monda University of East Anglia
Andrea Macrae Oxford Brookes University
Katherine Baxter Northumbria University
Katherine Heavey Glasgow University

John McGavin stepped down from the Committee.

Vision

The HE Committee will provide a voice for HE English in dialogue with other elements of the education sector, with government and public bodies, and with the wider public. It will engage proactively with the broad range of issues affecting researchers and teachers in English literature, language and creative writing across the HE sector in the UK. It will provide a forum for debate about matters where opinion is often divided across the community, and seek consensus where possible.

Strategy

The Committee will fulfil its role as follows:

Implementation

The Committee will ensure its role is fulfilled by:

Page 4

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

What will constitute success?

HE teachers and researchers at every level (from PhD to senior professor), as well as professional support colleagues, will recognise the work of the English Association through its core activities in:

1) promoting the subject, its research, practice and pedagogy

5) collaborating with other national organisations representing English at HE level, reviewing and responding to national initiatives and policy changes that affect the discipline, and when opportunity arises, international associations.

Highlights

Secondary Education Committee

Members

Members
Jane Campion Chair
Joan Foley University of the West of England
Malcolm Hebron Winchester College
Brenda Marshall Primary-Secondary Education Committee liaison
Varndean College Brighton and Murray Edwards College, University of Cambridge
Sean McEvoy (Secondary-Higher Education Committee Liaison)
Sarah Mullin Priory School, Edgbaston
Rob Penman Katharine Lady Berkeley's School, Gloucester
Angela Rodrigues The Cotswold School

Lucy McManus and Jenny Stevens stepped down from the Committee.

Vision

Secondary practitioners will recognise the work of the English Association through its three core activities in raising the profile of the English subjects in schools; disseminating information to support the teachers of English; supporting excellent English teaching in schools across the full age range and sectors of secondary education.

Strategy

The Committee will fulfil its threefold role as follows:

Page 5

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

Implementation

The Committee will ensure its role is fulfilled by:

Highlights

Primary Education Committee

Members

Members
Penny Amott Chair
Eli Power Nottingham Trent University
Frances Bodger Institute of Education, University College London
Brenda Marshall Primary-Secondary Education Committee liaison
Mat Tobin Oxford Brookes University
Matthew Wilson St Paul's Primary School, Cardiff
Nicky Potter Independent publicist
Rob Fletcher The Bridge London Trust
Tricia Adams Librarian

Julie Taylor and Liz Connelly stepped down from the Committee.

Vision

Early Years and Primary practitioners will recognise the work of the English Association through its core activities, in order to make a significant contribution to supporting teachers:

Strategy

The Committee will fulfil its role through the EA Primary webpages and publications as follows:

o through developing and disseminating materials to support early years and primary practitioners

o through identifying and sharing resources available on the internet and promoting key events via the website and social media.

Page 6

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

Implementation

The Committee will ensure its role is fulfilled by:

Highlights

Fellowships

The new Fellows of the English Association were honoured at a reception following the Annual General Meeting on 25 November 2020:

Professor Susheila Nasta Professor Katy Shaw Jonathan Davidson Professor Sarah Churchwell Professor Ruth Livesey Professor Simon James Professor Elspeth Graham Dr Alex Thomson Professor Martin Eve Professor Redell Olsen Professor Simon Horobin Dr Carrie Etter Professor Robert Thornton Professor Anshuman Mondal Professor Nandini Das Professor Bernardine Evaristo (Honorary Fellow)

Page 7

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

Awards and prizes

The following were awarded during the year:

The Beatrice White Prize

The prize was awarded to Professor Leonard Neidorf. The Editors wish to recognise Leonard's important contributions to the field, inlcuding his article 'Wealhtheow and Her Name: Etymology, Characterization and Textual Criticism' (Neophilologus, 102, no 1 (January 2018): 75-89).

English Postgraduate Essay Prize

The first prize was awarded to Tara McEvoy, for 'Sorry Not Sorry: (Non-)Apology, Satire, and The Vacuum Newspaper'. The runner-up prize went to Jack Hart for 'Wordsworth's Self-Composure'.

English 4-11 Picture Book Awards

The winners were awarded at the AGM on 25 November 2020:

Page 8

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Financial position

The statement of financial activities for the year ended 31 December 2020 shows a deficit of incoming resources over resources expended for the year of £113,632. (2019 - deficit of £8,569). As a result of this deficit the Association's total reserves decreased during the year from £346,154 to £232,522.

Hitherto we have taken credit for income as and when it was received; in many cases this was prior to the period to which it related. This policy has been changed such that income is now recognised in the period to which it relates. An outcome of this change is to adversely affect the 2020 year end accounts, where £4,818 which would normally have been accounted for in this year has been transferred to and will be recognised in 2021. Had this policy been in place when 2019 year end accounts were prepared then £56,153 of income would have been transferred from 2019 accounts to 2020 accounts. This would have reduced the deficit in 2020 from £113,632 to £57,479 as can be seen below.

2020 2019
£ £
Net income/(expenditure) per SOFA (113,632) (8,569)
Adjustment for income taken before it was due:
Taken in 2019 instead of 2020 56,153 (56,153)
Taken in 2018 instead of 2019 - 1,208
Restated net income/(expenditure) (57,479) (63,514)

Risk management

Members of council have identified the major risks to which the Association is exposed. Systems are being developed to mitigate those risks and policies are being established to monitor and control risk. In the areas of operational, governance, financial and compliance risk members of council are confident that the quality of the Association's staff and professional advisors minimises the exposure to risk.

Reserves policy

The balance sheet at 31 December 2020 shows unrestricted reserves of £231,193. Restricted reserves relating to the various prize funds amount to £1,329. The Association's reserves therefore stood at £232,522 on 31 December 2020.

The unrestricted fund includes tangible assets, debtors, cash in the bank and in hand.

Given the challenges posed by Open Access, possible reductions in income from publications, reductions in membership income, and the material reduction in the interest received from funds on deposit Members of Council consider the level of unrestricted reserves to be £64,000 lower than target. It is the Association's policy to try to maintain reserves equivalent to one year's estimated fixed costs; for 2021 these are forecasted to be in the region of £245,000. In addition under its arrangements with the University of Leicester the Association is required to hold reserves of no less than £25,000 in respect of the membership of the Association's employees in the Universities Superannuation Scheme. Members of council have resolved to maintain a ring fenced reserve of £50,000 to meet this potential obligation. Since the Association has contractual commitments to its employees and to publishers, the reserves are necessary to ensure those commitments can be honoured during any periods of economic difficulty.

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT Governing document

The charity is controlled by its governing document, a deed of trust and constitutes an charitable company, incorporated by Royal Charter.

Page 9

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT Organisational structure

The management of the Association is carried out by the board of trustees, whose members are the council of the Royal Charter entity and trustees of the registered charity. Trustees give their time to the Association voluntarily and receive no benefits for the work they do on its behalf. Expenses reclaimed by trustees for their attendance at meetings of the Association are set out in note 7 to the accounts.

The finance committee is responsible for the financial and administrative operations of the Association, including risk management, and reports directly to the board of trustees.

The secondary education committee reports to the board of trustees and is responsible for organising the Association's secondary conferences and responding to national issues regarding secondary education at all stages.

The primary education committee reports to the board of trustees and is responsible for responding to national issues regarding primary education; the English 4-11 sub-committee is responsible for editing English 4-11, and administering the annual English 4-11 Picture Book awards.

The higher education committee responds to national issues regarding higher education and reports to the board of trustees.

The fellowship committee is responsible for all matters pertaining to the Fellowship and its special interest groups, and reports to the board of trustees.

In 2020 the Association had three full-time members of staff, the Chief Executive, the Administration Officer, and the Membership Manager; and three part-time members of staff, the Year's Work Editorial Officer, the Finance Officer, and the Communications and Events Officer.

History of The English Association

The English Association was founded in 1906. On 1 January 2001 its activities, assets and liabilities were transferred to a newly incorporated company limited by guarantee, in accordance with a scheme approved by the Charity Commission. On 1 December 2006 the Association was incorporated by Royal Charter.

In accordance with an order of the Charity Commission, on 1 January 2009 all of the activities, assets and liabilities of the existing registered charity (number 1078935) were transferred to a new registered charity (number 1124890). This transfer was necessary following the incorporation of the Association by Royal Charter. From 1 January 2009 the Association ceased to transact its affairs through the medium of the company limited by guarantee and from that date the affairs of the Association have been carried out through the new registered charity and the entity incorporated by Royal Charter. During 2010 the old registered charity was dissolved and the company limited by guarantee was removed from the Register of Companies.

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS Registered Company number

RC000811 (England and Wales)

Registered Charity number

1124890

Registered office

University of Leicester University Road Leicester Leicestershire LE1 7RH

Page 10

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

Trustees

J Campion Prof G Walker Dr J Stevens (resigned 30.11.2020) Prof P Shaw Dr P Amott C Gore Prof M Halliwell Prof J Richards R Penman S Nicklin Prof D Duff Dr N King N Potter E Draper (appointed 1.11.2020) L Lamb (appointed 1.11.2020) T Maloney (appointed 1.11.2020) Prof D Adger (appointed 1.11.2020) T Adams

Dr R Fisher is the Charity's Chief Executive Officer.

Independent Examiner

Phillip Bott FCA BSc (Hons) The Institute of Chartered Accountants Mark J Rees LLP Chartered Accountants Granville Hall Granville Road Leicester Leicestershire LE1 7RU

BANKERS

Barclays Bank plc 2 Victoria Street London SW1H 0ND

Scottish Widows Bank PO Box 883 Leeds LS1 9TY

This report has been prepared in accordance with the special provisions of Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

Approved by order of the board of trustees on 12 May 2021 and signed on its behalf by:

R Penman - Trustee

Page 11

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

Independent examiner's report to the trustees of The English Association ('the Company')

I report to the charity trustees on my examination of the accounts of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2020.

Responsibilities and basis of report

As the charity's trustees of the Company (and also its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 ('the 2006 Act').

Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the Company are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of your charity's accounts as carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 ('the 2011 Act'). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5) (b) of the 2011 Act.

Independent examiner's statement

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe:

  1. accounting records were not kept in respect of the Company as required by section 386 of the 2006 Act; or 2. the accounts do not accord with those records; or

  2. the accounts do not comply with the accounting requirements of section 396 of the 2006 Act other than any requirement that the accounts give a true and fair view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or

  3. the accounts have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities (applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)).

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the charity's members. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charity and the charity's members as a body, for our work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Phillip Bott FCA BSc (Hons) The Institute of Chartered Accountants Mark J Rees LLP Chartered Accountants Granville Hall Granville Road Leicester Leicestershire LE1 7RU

13 May 2021

Page 12

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES (INCORPORATING AN INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

Unrestricted
fund
Notes
£
INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM
Charitable activities
3
Advancing English
133,552
Investment income
2
453
Total
134,005
EXPENDITURE ON
Charitable activities
4
Advancing English
247,637
NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE)
(113,632)
RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS
Total funds brought forward
344,825
TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD
231,193		 Restricted
funds
£
-
-
-
-
-
1,329
1,329		 2020
Total
funds
£
133,552
453
134,005
247,637
(113,632)
346,154
232,522		 2019
Total
funds
£
270,772
700
271,472
280,041
(8,569)
354,723
346,154

The notes form part of these financial statements

Page 13

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

BALANCE SHEET 31 DECEMBER 2020

Unrestricted
fund
Notes
£
FIXED ASSETS
Tangible assets
10
1,923
CURRENT ASSETS
Debtors
11
37,837
Cash at bank and in hand
269,529
307,366
CREDITORS
Amounts falling due within one year
12
(40,334)
NET CURRENT ASSETS
267,032
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT
LIABILITIES
268,955
PENSION LIABILITY
(37,762)
NET ASSETS
231,193
FUNDS
13
Unrestricted funds
Restricted funds
TOTAL FUNDS		 Restricted
funds
£
-
-
1,529
1,529
(200)
1,329
1,329
-
1,329		 2020
Total
funds
£
1,923
37,837
271,058
308,895
(40,534)
268,361
270,284
(37,762)
232,522
231,193
1,329
232,522		 2019
Total
funds
£
849
50,230
360,508
410,738
(26,916)
383,822
384,671
(38,517)
346,154
344,825
1,329
346,154

The charitable company is entitled to exemption from audit under Section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 for the year ended 31 December 2020.

The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020 in accordance with Section 476 of the Companies Act 2006.

The trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for

The notes form part of these financial statements

continued...

Page 14

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

BALANCE SHEET - continued 31 DECEMBER 2020

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to charitable companies subject to the small companies regime.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Trustees and authorised for issue on 12 May 2021 and were signed on its behalf by:

R Penman - Trustee

The notes form part of these financial statements

Page 15

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparing the financial statements

The financial statements of the charitable company, which is a public benefit entity under FRS 102, have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) 'Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019)', Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' and the Companies Act 2006. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

Financial reporting standard 102 - reduced disclosure exemptions

The charitable company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by FRS 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland':

Income

All income, other than that disclosed below, is recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities once the charity has entitlement to the funds, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably.

As at 1 January 2020 the trustees made the decision to recognise Subscription and Publication income in the period to which it relates after previously recognising the income in line with the above. As a result of this change, the income for the year appears low due to relevant income being deferred to 2021 in line with the new policy. Had this policy been in place when the 2019 year end accounts were prepared, £56,153 of income would have been transferred from the the 2019 accounts to the 2020 accounts. The impact of the change in policy retrospectively is as follows:

2020 2019
£ £
Net income/(expenditure) per SOFA (113,632) (8,569)
Adjustment for income taken before it was due:
Taken in 2019 instead of 2020 56,153 (56,153)
Taken in 2018 instead of 2019 - 1,208
Restated net income/(expenditure) (57,479) (63,514)

Expenditure

Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to that expenditure, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all cost related to the category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to particular headings they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources.

Tangible fixed assets

Depreciation is provided at the following annual rates in order to write off each asset over its estimated useful life.

Fixtures and fittings - 5% on cost

Page 16

continued...

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Tangible fixed assets

Office equipment - 20% on cost Computer equipment - 33% on cost

Taxation

The charity is exempt from corporation tax on its charitable activities.

Fund accounting

Unrestricted funds can be used in accordance with the charitable objectives at the discretion of the trustees.

Restricted funds can only be used for particular restricted purposes within the objects of the charity. Restrictions arise when specified by the donor or when funds are raised for particular restricted purposes.

Further explanation of the nature and purpose of each fund is included in the notes to the financial statements.

Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits

The charitable company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the charitable company's pension scheme are charged to the Statement of Financial Activities in the period to which they relate.

Debtors

Short term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

Creditors

Short term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Going Concern and COVID-19

From late March 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the charity's operations. After reviewing the charity's forecasts and projections, the trustees have a reasonable expectation that the charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The charity therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing its financial statements.

2. INVESTMENT INCOME

2020 2019
£ £
Deposit account interest 453 700

continued...

Page 17

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

3.
INCOME FROM CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES
Activity
Subscriptions
Advancing English
Publications
Advancing English
Conference Income
Advancing English
Other
Advancing English
4.
CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES COSTS
Advancing English
5.
SUPPORT COSTS
Management
£
Advancing English
39,041
Support costs, included in the above, are as follows:
Management
Rent, rates and insurance
Telephone
Postage and stationery
Sundries
Training
Committee expenses
Computer costs
Prizes and awards
AGM expenses
Depreciation of tangible and heritage assets		 2020
£
43,322
88,077
1,950
203
133,552
Support
Direct
costs (see
Costs
note 5)
£
£
198,976
48,661
Governance
Finance
costs
£
£
7,400
2,220
2020
Advancing
English
£
9,124
731
2,007
1,479
581
2,615
18,822
765
2,280
637
39,041		 2019
£
169,621
98,757
709
1,685		 2019
£
169,621
98,757
709
1,685
270,772
Totals
£
247,637
Totals
£
48,661
2019
Total
activities
£
7,827
774
2,445
2,122
1,829
12,445
15,456
2,105
8,137
398
53,538		 Totals
£
48,661
53,538

continued...

Page 18

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

5. SUPPORT COSTS - continued Finance

5. SUPPORT COSTS - continued
Finance
2020 2019
Advancing Total
English activities
£ £
Bank charges 1,355 1,850
Bookkeeping 6,045 6,765
7,400 8,615
Governance costs
2020 2019
Advancing Total
English activities
£ £
Independent examiners remuneration 2,220 2,160
6. NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE)
Net income/(expenditure) is stated after charging/(crediting):
2020 2019
£ £
Depreciation - owned assets 636 398

7. TRUSTEES' REMUNERATION AND BENEFITS

There were no trustees' remuneration or other benefits for the year ended 31 December 2020 nor for the year ended 31 December 2019.

Trustees' expenses

There were trustees expenses of £4,471 (2019: £9,404) paid for the year ended 31 December 2020.

8. STAFF COSTS

Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Other pension costs		 2020
£
130,928
11,084
22,319
164,331		 2019
£
118,700
9,142
45,442
173,284

There was no remuneration or other benefits paid to the Key Management Personnel during the year ended 31 December 2020 nor for the year ended 31 December 2019.

continued...

Page 19

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

8. STAFF COSTS - continued

The average monthly number of employees during the year was as follows:

2020 2019
Charitable activities 6 6

No employees received emoluments in excess of £60,000 in the year ended 31 December 2020 nor in the year ended 31 December 2019.

Pension costs

The total cost charged to the profit and loss account is £22,319 (2019: £45,442).

Previously The English Association operated on the basis that all staff are in academic and comparable roles and as such were enrolled in to the USS pension scheme. As at 25 November 2019, the charity proposed a change in agreement with USS to offer an alternative pension scheme through Aviva whereby only employees in grade 6 and above will be classed as academic and comparable and therefore future employees in grade 5 and below are no longer eligible for USS membership and will be enrolled with Aviva. There are currently no employees enrolled in the Aviva pension scheme.

The latest available complete actuarial valuation of the Retirement Income Builder from USS is at 31 March 2018 (the valuation date), which was carried out using the projected unit method.

Since the institution cannot identify its share of USS Retirement Income Builder assets and liabilities, the following disclosures reflect those relevant for those assets and liabilities as a whole.

The 2018 valuation was the fifth valuation for the scheme under the scheme-specific funding regime introduced by the Pensions Act 2004, which requires schemes to adopt a statutory funding objective, which is to have sufficient and appropriate assets to cover their technical provisions. At the valuation date, the value of the assets of the scheme was £63.7 billion and the value of the scheme’s technical provisions was £67.5 billion indicating a shortfall of £3.8 billion and a funding ratio of 95%.

The key financial assumptions used in the 2018 valuation are described below. More detail is set out in the Statement of Funding Principles.

Pension increases (CPI) RPI less RPI / CPI gap Discount rate (forward rates) Year 1-10: CPI +0.14% reducing linearly to CPI -0.73% Years 11-20: CPI +2.52% reducing linearly to CPI +1.55% by year 21 Years 21+: CPI +1.55%

The main demographic assumption used relates to the mortality assumptions. These assumptions are based on analysis of the scheme’s experience carried out as part of the 2018 actuarial valuation. The mortality assumptions used in these figures are as follows:

2018 valuation

Pre-retirement: 71% of AMC00 (duration 0) for males and 112% Mortality base table of AFC00 (duration 0) for females Post retirement: 97.6% of SAPS S1NMA 'light' for males and 102.7% of RFV00 for females

continued...

Page 20

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

8. STAFF COSTS - continued

CMI 2017 with a smoothing parameter of 8.5 and a long term Future improvements to morality improvement rate of 1.8% pa for males and 1.6% pa for females

The current life expectancies on retirement at age 65 are:

2019 2018
Males currently aged 65 (years) 24.4 24.5
Females currently aged 65 (years) 26.3 26.0
Males currently aged 45 (years) 25.9 26.5
Females currently aged 45 (years) 27.7 27.8

A new deficit recovery plan was put in place as part of the 2018 valuation which requires payment of 2% of salaries over the period 1 October 2019 to 30 September 2021, followed by 6% over the period 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2028. The 2020 pension liability provision reflects this plan. The provision figures have been produced using the following assumptions as at 31 March 2019 and 2018.

Discount rate
Pensionable salary growth
Pension increases (CPI)
9.
COMPARATIVES FOR THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES - 31
Unrestricted
fund
£
INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM
Charitable activities
Advancing English
270,772
Investment income
700
Total
271,472
EXPENDITURE ON
Charitable activities
Advancing English
279,941
NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE)
(8,469)
RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS
Total funds brought forward
353,294
TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD
344,825		 2019
2018		 2019
2018
2.44%
2.64%
n/a
n/a
2.11%
2.02%
DECEMBER 2019
Restricted
Total
funds
funds
£
£
-
270,772
-
700
-
271,472
100
280,041
(100)
(8,569)
1,429
354,723
1,329
346,154
271,472
280,041
(8,569)
354,723
346,154

continued...

Page 21

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

10.
TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS
Fixtures
and
Office
Computer
fittings
equipment
equipment
£
£
£
COST
At 1 January 2020
2,597
3,333
49,127
Additions
-
-
1,710
At 31 December 2020
2,597
3,333
50,837
DEPRECIATION
At 1 January 2020
2,235
3,333
48,640
Charge for year
21
-
615
At 31 December 2020
2,256
3,333
49,255
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2020
341
-
1,582
At 31 December 2019
362
-
487
11.
DEBTORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2020
£
Trade debtors
-
Prepayments and accrued income
37,837
37,837
12.
CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2020
£
Trade creditors
3,907
Other creditors
10,439
Accruals and deferred income
26,188
40,534		 Totals
£
55,057
1,710
56,767
54,208
636
54,844
1,923
849
2019
£
2,482
47,748
50,230
2019
£
5,412
11,506
9,998
26,916

continued...

Page 22

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

13.
MOVEMENT IN FUNDS
Unrestricted funds
General fund
Restricted funds
Beatrice White fund
Betty Haigh prize fund
TOTAL FUNDS
Net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows:
Unrestricted funds
General fund
TOTAL FUNDS
Comparatives for movement in funds
Unrestricted funds
General fund
Restricted funds
Beatrice White fund
Betty Haigh prize fund
TOTAL FUNDS		 At 1.1.20
£
344,825
1,199
130
1,329
346,154
Incoming
resources
£
134,005
134,005
At 1.1.19
£
353,294
1,299
130
1,429
354,723		 Net
movement
At
in funds
31.12.20
£
£
(113,632)
231,193
-
1,199
-
130
-
1,329
(113,632)
232,522
Resources
Movement
expended
in funds
£
£
(247,637)
(113,632)
(247,637)
(113,632)
Net
movement
At
in funds
31.12.19
£
£
(8,469)
344,825
(100)
1,199
-
130
(100)
1,329
(8,569)
346,154

continued...

Page 23

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

13. MOVEMENT IN FUNDS - continued

Comparative net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows:

Unrestricted funds
General fund
Restricted funds
Beatrice White fund
TOTAL FUNDS		 Incoming
resources
£
271,472
-
271,472		 Resources
Movement
expended
in funds
£
£
(279,941)
(8,469)
(100)
(100)
(280,041)
(8,569)

PROFESSOR BEATRICE WHITE PRIZE FUND

The Professor Beatrice White Fund was established in 1988. The annual prize of £100 is awarded to the outstanding scholarly article in the field of English Literature before 1590, noted in the current volume of The Year's Work in English Studies.The prize for the year 2020 was not awarded.

As of 31 December 2020 £200 (2019: £200) of prizes were unpaid.

BETTY HAIGH FUND

The Betty Haigh Fund was established in 1996 and is used to finance the Betty Haigh Shakespeare Prize Competition, an essay competition open to all A Level students of English Literature.

14. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES

There were no related party transactions for the year ended 31 December 2020.

Page 24

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

DETAILED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS
Investment income
Deposit account interest
Charitable activities
Subscriptions
Publications
Conference Income
Other
Total incoming resources
EXPENDITURE
Charitable activities
Wages
Social security
Pensions
Conference expenses
Publication costs
Support costs
Management
Rent, rates and insurance
Telephone
Postage and stationery
Sundries
Training
Committee expenses
Computer costs
Prizes and awards
AGM expenses
Fixtures and fittings
Office equipment
Computer equipment
Finance
Bank charges
Carried forward		 2020
£
453
43,322
88,077
1,950
203
133,552
134,005
130,928
11,084
22,319
2,150
32,495
198,976
9,124
731
2,007
1,479
581
2,615
18,822
765
2,280
22
-
615
39,041
1,355
1,355		 2019
£
700
169,621
98,757
709
1,685
270,772
271,472
118,700
9,142
45,442
3,726
38,718
215,728
7,827
774
2,445
2,122
1,829
12,445
15,456
2,105
8,137
21
1
376
53,538
1,850
1,850

This page does not form part of the statutory financial statements

Page 25

THE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION

DETAILED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020

Finance
Brought forward
Bookkeeping
Governance costs
Independent examiners remuneration
Total resources expended
Net expenditure		 2020
£
1,355
6,045
7,400
2,220
247,637
(113,632)		 2019
£
1,850
6,765
8,615
2,160
280,041
(8,569)

This page does not form part of the statutory financial statements

Page 26