Charity registration number- 1117357
The Book Bus Foundation
Annual Report and Financial Statements
for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
Ripe LLP
Chartered Accountants
9A Burroughs Gardens
London
NW4 4AU

Contents
Reference and Administrative Details
Trustees, Report
2to14
Statement of Trustees, Responsibilities
15
Independent Examiner's Report
16
Statement of Financial Activities
17
Balance Sheet
18
Notes to the Financial Statements
19to25

Reference and Administrative Details
Trustees
D Gordon
Jon Pennells (appointed 10 October 20231
John Bruce (appointed 10 October 20231
Gerard Kelly
Principal Office
11 The Orchard
Montpelier Road
Ealing
W5 2QW
Charity Registration Number
1117357
Solicitors
Howard Kennedy
No. l London Bridge
London
SEI 9BG
Independent Examiner
Ripe LLP
Chartered Accountants
9A Burroughs Gardens
London
NW4 4AU

Trustees. Report
The trustees present the annual report together with the financial statements of the charity for the year ended
31 March 2024.
Objertives and activities
Objects and aims
The objective of the Foundation is to support education, promote reading skills and provide school books and
similar equipment to disadvantaged children overseas.
Former Trustee T Maschler acquired a Leyland Tiger bus in 21x16 and donated it to the Foundation.
The Trust Deed states that the Trustees may spend all or part of the capital of the charity in furthering its
objects. There has been no change to the objectives during the period.
Public benefft
The trustees confirm that they have complied with the requirements of section 4 of the Charities Act 2011 to
have due regard to the public benefit guidance published by the Charity Commission for England and Wales.
Structure. governance and management
Noture of governing document
The charity is controlled by its governing document, a deed of trust. and constitutes an unincorporated charity.
Recruitment and appointment of trustees
The Trust Deed provides for a minimum of two Trustees. Apart from the first Trustees. every Trustee must be
for an appointed term of three years by a Resolution of the Trustees passed at a special meeting. A special
meeting may be called at any time by the person elected to chair meetings of the Trustees or by any two
Trustees.
In selecting individuals for appointment as Trustees, the Trustees must have regard to the skill. knowledge and
experience needed for the effective administration of the charity- The Trustees must make available to each
new Trustee, on his or her first appointment, a copy of the Trust Deed, a copy of the charity'5 latest report and
statement of accounts. The first Trustees held office for a three-year period from 30 June 2006.
Financial instruments
Objective5 and policie5
The charity's activitie5 expose it to a number of financial risks including credit risk, cash flow risk and liquidity
risk. The use of financial derivatives is governed by the charity's policies approved by the board of trustees,
which provide written principles on the use of financial derivatives to manage these risks. The charity does not
use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.
Ca5hflow risk
The charitWs activities expose it primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates
and interest rates.
Interest bearing assets and liabilities are held at fixed rate to ensure certainty of cash flows.

Trustees, Report
Credit risk
The charity's principal financial assets are bank balances and cash, trade and other receivables, and
investments.
The charity's credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The amounts presented in the balance
sheet are net of allowances for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment is made where there is an
identified loss event which. based on previous experience. is evidence of a reduction in the recoverability of
the cash flows.
The credit risk on liquid funds and derivative financial instruments is limited because the counterparties are
banks with high credit-ratings assigned by international credit-rating agencies.
The charity has no significant concentration of credit risk. with exposure spread over a large number of
counterparties and customers.
Liquidity risk
In order to maintain liquidity to ensure that sufficient funds are available for ongoing operations and future
developments, the charity uses a mixture of long-term and short-term debt finance.
Further details regarding liquidity risk can be found in the Statement of accounting policies in the financial
statements.

THEJooKJq
TRUSTEES ANNUAL REPORT
01 APRIL 2023 - 31 MARCH 2024
Chairfs report
l am pleased to present the annual report for the Book Bus Foundation. detailing our progress and
achievements over the past year.
Overview of Activities".
Throughout the year, the Book Bus Foundation has continued its mission to connect children, parents. and
teachers with quality books and resources. Our "l om a Reader" initiative has been pivotal in this endeavour,
with a focus in 2023 on deliverin8 °Catch-Up" literacy tuition to primary schools where time lost during the
Pandemic affected children's learning. Our Free to All Holiday Clubs were opened to give free access to books
for thousands of children during the school holidays.
Impart and Outcomes:
We continue to witness tangible results in the schools we serve. 37 project schools in Kitwe have received
Catch-up teacher training and learner mentoring. Additionally, our emphasis on informing head teachers and
teaching staff has further strengthened literacy education within these schools.
Over 4,000 children attended our Summer Holiday Clubs in 2023, some discovering for the first time the
meaning of climate change and others exploring some of the issues surrounding gender discrimination - and all
of this through the lens of a library of fantastic children's books!
Financial Considerations:
Income for the period was £104,650, more than 50% up on the previous period thanks to dedicated
fundraising efforts and new financial expertise on the Board of Trustees. l am pleased to report that nearly
90% of money raised is spent directly delivering our program in Zambia, employing Zambian people. It Is worth
noting the remarkable efficiency of our programmes, as evidenced by the low cost of £24 per child per year.
This demonstrates our ability to achieve significant impact with relatively modest funding. However, while we
celebrate our accomplishments. we recognize the ongoing need for financial support to sustain and expand
our initiatives.
Future Plans..
Looking ahead, we remain committed to scaling up our efforts and reaching more schools and learner5. With a
newly strengthened Board of Trustees and our ever-dedicated team on the ground. our goal is to scale up our
capacity and reach. and to implement projects in 10 schools in 2025 and expand to 20 schools in 2026.
In conclusion, I would like to express my gratitude to our Board of Trustees, our dedicated staff, volunteers,
donors, and partners who have supported our mission. Together, we will continue to inspire a love for reading,
empower communities. and transform lives through literacy. Thank you for your continued support.
Warm regards,
David Gordon
Trustee and CEO

THE BOOK BUS IN ZAMBIA
Introducing the Book Bus
The Book Bus Foundation is 3 UK-based charity, established in 2006, working to promote literacy levels in less-
developed countries. It is operational in that it directly manages activities rather than fund other
organisations. The charity was founded on the principle that quality books should be at the heart of every
child's learning. The core purpose of the Book Bus is to connect children, their parents and their teachers to
books and resources in order to develop the joy of reading and lifelong learning. However, it isn't just the
books, we also support via our literacy support projects and these are integral to what we deliver.
Why our work is so important for the children of Zambia
Data from 2017 showed that 91% of children tested in Grade 2 (average age 81 and 78% of children in Grade 3
laverage age 91 were unable to read a single word. even in their mother tongue. Although the majority of
children in Zambia now attend primary school, these shocking statistics show the limited effectiveness of their
education. Poor standards of education will only continue to perpetuate long-term poverty in the country.
The COVID-19 pandemic further exposed vulnerabilities, exacerbating social issues, particularly impacting girls
pregnancy rates and arranged marriages for young teenage girls soared during lockdown. Environmentally.
as the world struggles to cope with the challenges of climate change, future farmers in Zambia will have to
learn how to mitigate the effects of an extreme drought and flood cycle which is already devastating crops in
Sub-saharan Africa. Amidst the country's climate. social and economic challenges, literacy remains a beacon of
hope for Zambia's future.
The Book Bus Response
Since 2017 we have developed the -1 om a Readert approach for primary schools to deliver more effective
literacy tuition. The six-stage holistic programme includes the establishment of classroom libraries and a daily
"Literacy Hourf,. This is all underpinned by training and mentoring teachers to deliver the activities. To date in
Zambia, over 10.000 children attending 46 schools have benefitted from '1 am a Reader" projects with an
overall impact of tripling literacy rates.
Project activities are based around providing children with free access to books and the inspiration to read
them. A carefully curated collection of around 500 books in English and in local language are supplied to our
project schools whilst training workshops equip teachers with skills and techniques to incorporate quality
children's literature into their daily teaching practice.
The project encourages community engagement that enlists greater child support from parents and guardians.
Activities are conducted to nurture parent/teacher relationships recognising that parental support is also an
important factor in reducing absenteeism.
Increasing use is being made of virtual technology, especially through use of WhatApp groups for programme
dissemination and individual coachingltraining when distance proves to be an obstacle. The Book Bus now
produces online content for teachers and radio broadcasts storytelling shows for learners.
Field observations and data analysis validate our success. exemplified by a 209% increase in comprehension
reading levels according to the internationally recognised Functional Literacy Assessment Tool IFLATI. Such
positive trends are very encouraging and a good indicator that the Book Bus is significantly improving
standards of literacy teaching in the project schools, which will go on to deliver higher standards of child
literacy in the future.
l am a Reader Projects 2024- 2026
Careful design and a thorough understanding of local contexts and educational needs have enabled us to tailor
our projects effectively and create a blueprint for scalable impact. The -1 am a Readerf project schedule for

2024 includes one academic year of 'intense' work. with over 1.6CM) learners attending five schools, and a
second year of remote support.
Building on the lessons learned and successes achieved in 2023124, we plan to extend our reach to 3,200
learners attending 10 further schools in 2025 and an additional 6,400 learners at 20 schools in 2026. This year-
on-year dou bling of our impact demonstrates our confidence in the scalability of our initiative5 and our
dedication to reaching more learners. Drawing from our past experiences, we can effectively replicate our
projects in more schools, speeding up our journey toward our main goal of helping the children of Zambia
create a better future through the power of reading.

PROJECT OUTCOMES
Monitoring and Evaluation
Monitoring, evaluation, accountability and learning (MEAL) is critical to delivering our work in schools and
improving the l am a Reader approach. It reveals what works and what doesn't so that we can adjust our
activities to be more effective and efficient in achieving our desired outcomes. We measure the effectiveness
of l am a Reader in terms of improved reading abilities measured using the Functional Literacy Assessment
Tool IFLATI This assessment takes place before activities start to establish baseline data and at the end of the
programme so that the change can be captured.
To monitor we track project learner participation, reading corners established, libraries built, and teacher
training completion. We produce quarterly reports and conduct an end of project review. Total project costs
are spread over the number of beneficiary learners to obtain cost per learner.
Outcomes for Children
The intended outcomes for children are that they should:
al become more motivated to attend school:
bl have free and regular access to books- and
cl have increased their confidence in their readin8 abilities.
The support they need to achieve this relies on support from their parents and teachers. The project outcomes
for parents and teachers relate to the progress made in improving the support given to children, both in their
home setting and at school.
Outcomes for parents
The intended outcomes for parents are to show that-
al education for their children is working land that they should ensure good attendance at schooll- and
bl that they can contribute to their children's achievements by ensuring good attendance at School, and
through additional encouragement and support in the home.
Ensuring the parents are engaged in their children's education is a long-term process that involves each school
building on the outcomes of the "l am a Readerf, projects to create a good reputation for schooling in general
and, through good leadership and good teaching, a good reputation for their own school in particular.
Outcomes for teachers
The intended outcome for teachers is that they become conversant with new books, resources. and methods
on how to incorporate them into everyday learning at school. With experience they should improve in the use
of these materials and training which will result in better teaching practices and improved results for their
learners.
Outcomes for Schools
Each project school will receive a curated assortment of high-quality children's books, forming the cornerstone
of a comprehensive literacy teaching structure. These books, available in English and local languages, serve as
invaluable tools for teachers to foster both reading enjoyment and educational advancement among students.

Supported by better informed head teachers and more knowledgeable teaching staff, learners will benefit
from significantly improved literacy education. Schools will offer more attractive learning environments.
encouraging greater participation and attendance among students.
Case Study: Anna Nayame- The Transformative Power of The Book Bus
Anna Nayame's journey with The Book Bus illustrates the profound impact our programmes can have on
individual lives.
Anna's involvement with The Book Bus began in
grade 4 when she first discovered her love for
reading thanks to our mentored reading sessions.
We noticed her as an avid reader, a true book
worm and always hun8ry for morel
Years later, Anna's journey with The Book Bus
came full circle when she decided to give back to
the community by volunteering as a reading
mentor. As a volunteer. Anna actively engages with
the next generation ofyoung readers, imparting
the same enthusiasm and love for reading that she
once received.
Anna reads with The Book Bus in Grade 4
Anna's involvement with The Book Bus extends to
her academic pursuits, her passion for learning has
led her to be accepted to study medicine at
Copperbelt University in Kitwe. Anna's journey from
being a beneficiary of The Book Bus to pursuing
higher education underscores the organisation's
profound impact in empowering individuals to
achieve their full potential.
Anna Nayame's story serves as a testament to the
transformative power of The Book Bus in shaping
the lives of individuals and communities. Through
its innovative approach to promoting literacy and
education,The Book Bus continues to inspire and
empower generations of young readers like Anna.
fostering a brighter and more promising future for all.
Anna helping children as a Book Bus
reading mentor

ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2023/24
ACTIVITIES IN ZAMBIA
l am a Reader Project Activities in 2023 were focussed on revisiting schools in Kltwe which had enrolled on
the project during the pre-Pandemic years 2017 - 2019. It was important to reconnect with these schools after
the Pandernic to understand how learners and teachers had emerged from the school closures in terms of
literacy learning. We visited 37 of the 40 schools during the year to interview teachers and learners and to
augment their classroom libraries with additional books. A Teacher training and Learner mentoring
programme was designed to accelerate "Catch-up" learning to overcome time lost because of the school
closures.
Post-covid "Catch Up" visits to Primary schools: 37
Books donated: 4,370
Reading Corners provided: 4
Children receiving "catch-up" mentored reading: 536
The Book Bus team made visits to 37 primary schools in 2023 to provide reading support to learners and
capacity building for teachers. Book Bus teaching staff and volunteers provided "Catch-up" mentored reading
to 258 boys and 278 girls. A total of 4,370 books were supplied to the schools free of charge. 4 Reading
Corners were constructed in two schools which needed them.
Teachers trained: 119
Catch-up teacher training on how to use story books in the classroom and how to bring them to life was
delivered to 119 teachers working in the 37 primary schools visited.
Holiday Club Projects delivered: 12
Children attendinE: 5,294
8 Holiday Clubs were delivered to communities in Kitwe in August 2023 and a further 4 in December 2023. The
Holiday Clubs offered further Catch-up reading opportunities for children during the school holiday periods. A
total of 5,294 children attended. each one could enjoy free access to out-of-school reading sessions,
interactive learning activities, unlimited access to books, and reading mentorship.
Trained Local volunteers: 16
Volunteer reading mentors contribute greatly to the effectiveness and sustainability of our projects in both
schools and the wider community- The farniliarity of a local mentor provides children with the inspiration and
motivation to attend school. learn to read and get an education- they are strong role models for the children
we work with.
Advocacy
CEO David Gordon and Zambia Country Director Monica Mulenga were received by the Permanent Secretary
for Education Mrjoel Kamoko who granted his continued approval of The Book Bus and the work we do with
schools in Zambia.

Collaborative partnerships in Zambia
Meetings were held with World Vision International. BBV. British Council and the Embassy of Ireland to
explore the potential of future partnerships in the field of promoting child literacy in Zambia Through these
engagements, we aim to harness collective expertise, resources, and networks to amplify our impact in
addressing literacy challenges among Zambian youth. These collaborative efforts not only signify our
commitment to fostering synergy within the development sector but also underscore our dedication to
creating sustainable solutions for the betterment of communities in Zambia.
Considerable effort was applied in developing relationships with organisations caring for Street children and
children with Special Needs. It is important that these organisations are included with our "l am a Reader"
project schedules in the future.
"l om a Readerf School Projects for 2024
The l arn a Reader school projects are scheduled to commence in 2024, the projects align with the school year
commencing in January each year. A severe cholera outbreak across the country in January closed all schools
in Zambia until mid-February. We will implement a shortened version of the project in 5 schools for over 1600
learners in April 2014.
AcfiviTIES IN THE UK
The Inner Wheel Clubs of Great Britain and Ireland
The International Service Committee of The Inner Wheel Clubs of Great Britain and Ireland has chosen to
support The Book Bus as its International fund-raising project for 2023124. The Inner Wheel fundraising target
is £40,000 which is to be used to purchase a new Book Bus in 2024, and to meet the running costs of the
vehicle and its crew for 12 month5.
The Book Bus supported the fundraising efforts of the Inner Wheel clubs by delivering a series of talks and
presentations at club and district meetings throughout the country.
Over 8.000 fabulous books were donated by members of the Inner Wheel clubs of Great Britain during the
year. They were shipped to Zambia and delivered to the Book Bus in June 2023.
Quality children's books in English compliment the local language books in our school libraries and are a vital
resource for the children when transitioning to English language learnin8 in grades 4 and 5. 276 brand new
Children's Encyclopedias were generously donated by Britannica.
The Book Bus Board of Trustees
Two new trustees were welcomed to the Board this year:
- Jon Pennells FCCA who brings with him expertise in finance and business development
- John Bruce ACA who has a background in finance and project management
Jon and John have strengthened the charity's financial systems and incorporated stronger budgeting and
control measures within our project planning.
We also welcome Emil Kowalski as Board secretary to manage meetings effectively and ensure actions are
followed up.
io

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Trustees of the Book Bus would like to thank on behalf of our beneficiaries the generosity of our many
supporters, some of whom we list below. It is because of your support that we can continue to enrich
children's lives through literacy and the joy of reading.
Holder and Combes
Woodmansterne Publishing
Waterstone's
66 Books
National Police Aid Convoys
TUUT Charitable Trust
The Lockwood Charitable Foundation
The Inner Wheel Clubs of Great Britain and Ireland
Marston Green Library
Suzanne Waller
Lucy Frew
Anthony Barton
Tim Beard
Glenn Gurney
Karen Pendlebury
Emily Nicholson
Ulrike Bohm and friends
Susan Evans
Susan Bentley
Kathleen Wykes
Mr D Crilly
Ann Thomas
Janet Gingell
Elieen Vamplew
Sandra Aitkin
Cornelious Mcvarnock
Ryan Jones
Karen Tyndall
Judy Thomas
li

Christopher Lemon
Jerome Dodge
Heather McKim
Marie Sutherland
Diane Toner
Sue Funnell
Mary Cronin
R Waldron
Nicola Raddon
Mrs P Martin
Keith Sleight
Mr Tsotsos
Cathie Wallace
Pam Boyes
Alison Fitzpatrick
Catt Thompson-Baum
Loray Brown
Brenda Hole
Cartol Brindley
Nick Banton
This list is but a snapshot of our support base," to all who have given and who are not on this list you are not
forgotten. The Book Bus thanks you all equally and appreciate the support you have given to our cause in
2023124.
12

THE BOOK BUS TEAM IN 2023/24
Founder:
Tom Maschler
Patron:
Sir Quentin Blake
Board of Trustees (UK)
David Gordon
Gerard Kelly
Jon Pennells
John Bruce
Secretary to the Board
Emil Kowalski
Executives:
David Gordon- Chief Executive Officer
Board of Dirertors (Book Bus Zambia)
Monica Mulenga
Ethel Mulenga
Staff {Zambial:
Monica Mulenga- Country Director
Kitwe.. "l am a Reader" Pmject statr.
Caroline Chimba - Reading Coordinator
Mulilwa Mulilwa- Link Teacher
Precious Musatila Link Teacher
Kaela Chisimba - Link Teacher
Raggie Mushili - Driver and reading mentor
Livingstone Librory Projert..
Jackline Simabila- Library staff
James Sakala - Library staff
Edward Sakala - Driver and reading mentor
13

FINANCIAL REVIEW
The charity has had a successful year financially. income for the period was £104.650- 3 significant increase
over the previous period. This growth can be contributed to the ongoing generosity of our supporters and
greater outreach from our fundraising team.
11 INCOME GROWTH
al There have been successes in a number of grant application5 and we would like to make
particular mention of the Trade Union Unit Trust. who kindly awarded us a significant grant.
b) The Inner Wheel has been previously mentioned and makes up a significant proportion of
our donations.
But we would be nowhere without the continued support of our regular donors and those who have
responded to our various campaigns during the year - thank you all, your ongoing support is essential
to our charity.
Our accounts show the split between Restricted and Unrestricted Funds. The Restricted Fund of
£14,100 are funds collected from the Inner Wheel Clubs of Great Britain and Ireland which will be
used for the purchase of a new Book Bus in 2024. These funds are held in a separate bank account
and ring-fenced from the general expenditure of the charity.
Every penny raised makes a difference to a child and we are proud to announce that nearly 90% of
money raised is spent directly delivering our program in Zambia, employing Zambian people.
21 FINANCIAL GOVERNANCE
al Durin8 the year the financial governance of the charity ha5 been strengthened
Two new Trustees have been appointed with a financial background
A Restricted Funds bank account has been opened. This holds all Restricted Income
until the criteria have been met to enable us to spend the money
3} EXCHANGE RATE
a) A significant portion of our costs are denominated in the Zambian Kwacha. The exchange
rate, by historical trends, is favourable to the charity and we are taking every opportunity to
move sterling into kwacha to benefit from these favourable rates
The Book Bus prides itself in delivering high quality impart for every pound, dollar or kwacha raised. To
illustrate the Book Bus's impactful reach consider that with minimal funding, it costs only £24 per child
annually to deliver the program. With this modest investment, we have measured an increase in child's literacy
levels of up to 200% in 12 months. {Build It Project. Zambia 20231
03 July 2024
The annual report was approved by the trustees of the charity on ...
and signed on its behalf by-
D Gordon
Trustee
14

Statement of Trustees, Responsibilities
The trustees are responsible for preparing the trustees, report and the financial statements in accordance with
the United Kingdom Accounting Standards Iunited Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice) and
applicable law and regulations.
The law applicable to charities requires the trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year
which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of the incoming resources and
application of resources of the charity for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the trustees are
required to..
select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistentlv;
observe the methods and principles in the Charities SORP;
make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent-
state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed. subject to any material departures
disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the
charity will continue in business.
The trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at
any time the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure that the financial staternents comply
with the Charities Act 2011, the applicable Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations, and the provisions of
the constitution. The trustees are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charity and hence for
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
03 July 2024
Approved by the trustees of the charity on .
and signed on its behalf by:
DAg(3 M gorao
D Gordon
Trustee
15

Independent Examiner's Report to the trustees of The Book Bus Foundation
I report on the accounts of the charity for the year ended 31 March 2024 which are set out on pages 6 to 14.
Respective responsibilities of trustees and examiner
The trustees are responsible for the preparation of the accounts. The trustees consider that an audit is not
required for this year under section 144121 of the Charities Act 2011 (the 2011 Act) and +fr￿ut an independent
examination is needed.
It Is my responsibility to:
examine the accounts under section 145 of the 2011 Act;
to follow the procedures laid down in the general Directions given by the Charity Commission under section
1451511bl of the 2011 Act: and
to state whether partitular matters have come to my attention.
Basis of independent examinerfs report
My examinat10n was carried out in accordance with the general Directions given by the Charity Commission.
An examination Includes a review of the accounting records kept by the charity and a comparison of the
accounts presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual items or disclosL*res in the
accounts, and seeking explanations from you as trustees con¢ernin8 any such matters. The procedures
undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit and consequently no opinion is
given as to whether the accounts present a 'true and fair v￿w, and the report is limited to those matters set
out in the next statement.
Independent examiner's statement
In connection with my examination, no matter has come to my attention..
111 which gives me reasonable cause to believe that in any material respect the requirements..
to keep accounting records in accordance with section 130 of the Charities Act 2011.. and
to prepare accounts which accord with the accounting records and comply with the accounting
requirements of the 2011 Act
have not been met. or
121 to which, in my opinion, attention should be drawn in order to enable a proper understandin8 of the
account5 to be reached.
Robert Glazer FCA
Chartered Accountants
9A 8urroughs Gardens
London
NW4 4AU
Date..
(?(,
16

Statement of Financial Activities for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
Unrestricted
funds
Total
2024
Total
2023
Restricted fvnds
Note
Income and Endowments from:
Voluntary income
94.383
10.267
104,650
67,199
Expenditure on:
Charitable activities
(33,7081
12231
16.3971
11,396)
135,104}
{223}
16,397)
171,8051
(9481
Costs of generating funds
Other expenditure
Total Expenditure
(40,3281
11,396)
141,7241
172,7531
Net income/lexpenditurel
Gross transfers between funds
54,055
17901
8,871
790
62,926
15,5541
Other recognised gains and losses
Net movement in funds
53,265
9,661
62,926
15,5541
Reconciliation of funds
Total funds brought fonNard
12.7181
4.439
1.721
7.275
Total funds carried forward
li
50,547
14,100
64,647
1,721
All of the charity's activities derive from continuing operations during the above two periods.
The funds breakdown for 2023 is shown in note 11.
17

(Registration number: 1117357)
Balance Sheet as at 31 March 2024
2024
2023
Note
Current assets
Stocks
3,113
43,214
19,320
65.647
Debtors
1,964
757
Cash at bank and in hand
2,721
Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year
io
11,000)
{I,0001
Net assets
64.647
1,721
Funds of the charity:
Restricted funds
14,100
4,439
Unrestricted income funds
Unrestricted funds
50.547
(2,7181
Total funds
li
64,647
1,721
The financial statements on pages 17 to 25 were approved by the trustees. and authorised for issue on
03 July.2024
and signed on their behalf by..
D Gordon
Trustee
18

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
l Accounting policies
Statement of compliance
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Accounting and Reporting by Charities:
Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the
Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland IFRS 1021 (effective l January 20151
Icharities SORP IFRS 102)), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland IFRS
1021 and the Charities Act 2011.
Basis of preparation
The Book Bus Foundation meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102. Asset5 and liabilities
are initially recognised at historical cost or transattion value unless Otherwise stated in the relevant accounting
policy notes.
The financial statements are presented in Sterling 1£) and figures are shown to the nearest whole pound.
Exemption from preparing a cash flow statement
The charity opted to early adopt Bulletin I published on 2 February 2016 and have therefore not included a
cash flow statement in these financial statements.
Going concern
The trustees consider that there are no material uncertainties about the charity's ability to continue as a going
concern.
Income and endowments
Voluntary income including donations. gifts, legacies and grants that provide core funding or are of a general
nature is recognised when the charity has entitlement to the income, it is probable that the income will be
received and the amount can be measured with sufficient reliability.
Donations ond legocies
Donations and legacies are recognised on a receivable basis when receipt is probable and the amount can be
reliably measured.
Expenditure
All expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to that expenditure, it is probable
settlement is required and the amount can be measured reliably. All costs are allocated to the applicable
expenditure heading that aggregate similar costs to that category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to
particular headings they have been allocated on a basis consistent with the use of resources, with central staff
costs allocated on the basis of time spent. and depreciation charges allocated on the portion of the asset's use.
Other support costs are allocated based on the spread of staff costs.
RaisingAunds
These are costs incurred in attracting voluntary income. the management of investments and those incurred in
trading activities that raise funds.
19

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
Charitable activitie5
Charitable expenditure comprises those costs incurred by the charity in the delivery of its activities and
services for its beneficiaries. It includes both costs that can be allocated directly to such activities and those
costs of an indirect nature necessary to support them.
Support costs
Support costs include central functions and have been allocated to activity cost categories on a basis
consistent with the use of resources. for example, allocating property costs by floor areas, or per capita, staff
costs by the time spent and other costs by their usage.
Taxation
The charity is considered to pass the tests set out in Paragraph I Schedule 6 of the Finance Act 2010 and
therefore it meets the definition of a charitable company for UK corporation tax purposes. Accordingly, the
charity is potentially exempt from taxation in respect of income or capital gains received within categories
covered by Chapter 3 Part 11 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 or Section 256 of the Taxation of Chargeable
Gains Act 1992, to the extent that such income or gains are applied exclusively to charitable purposes.
Stock
Stock is valued at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less Costs to complete and sell, after due regard
for obsolete and slow moving stocks. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO).
Trade debtors
are amounts due from customers for merchandise sold or services performed in the ordinary course of
business.
are recognised initially at the transaction price. They are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the
effective interest method. less provision for impairment. A provision for the impairment of is established when
there is objective evidence that the will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms
of the receivables.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents cornprise cash on hand and call deposit5, and other short-term highly liquid
investments that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of
change in value.
Trade creditors
are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from
suppliers. Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if the does not have an unconditional right, at
the end of the reporting period. to defer settlement of the creditor for at least twelve months after the
reporting date. If there is an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the
reporting date, they are presented as non-current liabilities.
are recognised initially at the transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the
effective interest method.
20

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
Fund strurture
Unrestricted income funds are general funds that are available for use at the trustees's discretion in
furtherance of the objectives of the charitv.
Restricted income funds are those donated for use in a particular area or for specific purposes, the use of
which is restricted to that area or purpose.
Pensions and other post retirement obligations
The charity operates a defined contribution pension scheme which is a pension plan under which fixed
contributions are paid into a pension fund and the charity has no legal or constructive obligation to pay further
contributions even if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating to
employee service in the current and prior periods.
Contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities when they
are due. If contribution payments exceed the contribution due for service, the excess is recognised a5 a
prepayment.
Financial instruments
Classification
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the charity become5 a party to the contractual
provisions of the instrument.
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual
arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the
assets of the charity after deducting all of its liabilities.
Recognition ond measurement
All financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at transaction price (including transaction costs), except
for those financial assets classified as at fair value through profit or loss, which are initially measured at fair
value (which is normally the transaction price excluding transaction costs), unless the arrangement constitutes
a financing transaction. If an arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, the financial asset or financial
liability is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a
similar debt instrument.
Financial assets and liabilities are only offset in the statement of financial position when. and only when there
exists a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and the charity intends either to settle on
net basis. or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Financial assets are derecognised when and only when al the contractual rights to the cash flows from the
financial asset expire or are settled, b) the charity transfers to another party substantially all of the risks and
rewards of ownership of the financial asset. or cl the charity. despite having retained some, but not all.
significant risks and rewards of ownership. has transferred control of the asset to another party.
Financial liabilities are derecognised only when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged. cancelled
or expires.
21

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
2 Income from donations and legacies
Unrestricted
funds
Total
2024
Total
2023
General
Restricted funds
Donations and legacies-
Donations
94.383
94.383
10,267
10.267
104,650
104.650
67,199
67,199
3 Expenditure on raising funds
al Costs of generating funds
Unrestricted
funds
Total
2024
Total
2023
General
Note
Advertising, marketing and promotions (UI, GRI
Other fundraising costs
223
223
948
223
223
948
4 Expenditure on charitable artivities
Unrestricted
funds
Total
2024
Total
2023
General
Restricted funds
Note
Travel Ilnternationall
IUI,CAII
Project direct costs
Books purchased
Motor expenses (UI.
CAII
98
98
31.535
1,594
1.396
32,931
1,594
71,805
481
481
33.708
1,396
35,104
71,805
22

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
S Other expenditure
Unrestrirted
funds
Total
2024
General
Note
Legal & Consultancy fees
Travel and subsistence
1.315
143
1,315
143
Other office running and administration costs
Website maintenance and computer expense
Printing, postage and stationery
1.366
3,456
117
1,366
3,456
117
6,397
6,397
6 Trustees remuneration and expenses
No trustees have received any reimbursed expenses or any other benefits from the charity during the year.
7 Taxation
The charity is a registered charity and is therefore exempt from taxation.
8 Stock
2024
Stocks
3,113
9 Debtors
2024
2023
Trade debtors
41,250
1,964
43.214
Other debtor5
1,964
1,964
10 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
2024
2023
Other taxation and social security
1.000
1,000
1.000
1,000
23

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
11 Funds
Balance at I
April 2023
Incoming
resources
Resources
expended
Balance at 31
March 2024
Transfers
Unrestricted funds
General
General
12,718)
94.383
(40,3281
17901
50,547
Restricted funds
Restricted funds
4,439
10.267
11,3961
790
14,100
Total funds
1.721
104.650
(41,7241
64,647
Balance at l April
2022
Incoming
resources
Resources
expended
Balance at 31
March 2023
Unrestricted funds
General
General
112,038)
61,812
152,492}
12,7181
Restricted funds
Restricted funds
19.313
5.387
120,261}
4,439
Total funds
7.275
67.199
172,753}
1.721
24

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2024
12 Analysis of net assets between funds
Unrestricted funds
General
Restricted funds
Total funds
Current assets
51.547
(1.000)
14.l¢XI
65,647
11,0001
Current liabilities
Total net assets
50.547
14.100
64,647
25