2021-03-31-accounts

Registered number: 05827864 Charity number: 1116111

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

UNAUDITED

TRUSTEES' REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

CONTENTS

	Page
Reference and Administrative Details of the Charity, its Trustees and Advisers	1
Trustees' Report	2 - 6
Independent Examiner's Report	7 - 8
Statement of Financial Activities	9
Balance Sheet	10
Notes to the Financial Statements	11 - 26

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS OF THE CHARITY, ITS TRUSTEES AND ADVISERS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Trustees	Dr R Trevelyan
	Dr L Thomas
	Mr P M Brakefield
	Dr P Duncan
Company registered number 05827864 Charity registered number 1116111 Registered office Department of Zoology Downing Street Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB2 3EJ Company secretary Mr P M Brakefield Chief executive officer Dr R Trevelyan Independent Examiner Mrs J Coplowe FCA Peters Elworthy & Moore Chartered Accountants Salisbury House Station Road Cambridge CB1 2LA Bankers Co-operative Bank Plc 75 Burleigh Street Cambridge CB1 1DF National Westminster Bank plc 56 St Andrew's Street Cambridge CB2 3DA Solicitors Rogers and Norton The Old Chapel 5-7 Willow Lane Norwich NR2 1EU

Page 1

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

The Trustees present their annual report together with the financial statements of the charity for the year 1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021. The Annual Report serves the purposes of both a Trustees' report and a directors' report under company law. The Trustees confirm that the Annual Report and financial statements of the charitable company comply with the current statutory requirements, the requirements of the charitable company's governing document and the provisions of the Statement of Recommended Practice (SORP) applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS102) (second edition of the Charities SORP (FRS102) October 2019, effective 1 January 2019).

Since the charity qualifies as small under section 382 of the Companies Act 2006, the Strategic Report required of medium and large companies under the Companies Act 2006 (Strategic Report and Directors' Report) Regulations 2013 has been omitted.

Objectives and activities

a. Policies and objectives

The objects of the charity as set out in the governing document are to advance public education and to promote for the benefit of the public the conservation, protection and improvement of the physical and natural environment in particular in the tropics. The aims of the charity are:

• To establish, support and carry out demand driven programmes in education and research relating to the ecology and conservation of tropical ecosystems;

• To build the capacity of tropical institutions for teaching and research in tropical biodiversity;

• To maintain a world wide network of biologists active in the field of tropical biology and conservation;

• To carry out other general activities in the area of education, research and conservation in the tropics and sub tropics.

The main aims of the charity for 2020-21 were to build individual and institutional capacity among natural resource managers and conservation scientists in Africa, SE Asia and Europe/USA/Oceania. The usual activities to achieve these aims – month long field training courses in Africa and Borneo, an integrated training programme, and specialist courses in Africa and SE Asia – were impacted by the restrictions imposed by the covid-19 pandemic. Progress was made with developing an e-learning strategy to transfer our specialist training courses programme online. Several online specialist courses were delivered, though it was not possible to run any field training courses.

The charity also aimed to continue providing follow up support to its trainees. TBA’s alumni represent over 80 countries including 30 African countries. The follow-up support that TBA provides to its former trainees includes advice on projects and names of specialists, and help with scientific writing and proposal development. The scheme’s major quantitative outputs are the publication of scientific papers in peer reviewed journals and successful grant proposals.

The TBA website, Facebook page and Twitter report on and promote TBA’s activities as well as share news and information with the TBA network and alumni. The TBA blog continues to provide a medium through which TBA alumni are sharing their career experiences and inspiring each other. At 18th May 2021 our Facebook page has 8,490 people following it and 7,948 likes, while our Twitter account has 1,639 followers. As well as TBA alumni, these connections include conservation organisations and key players in the conservation community.

The TBA strategy continues to be followed and enables the staff to plan existing activities and set priorities for new activities. All activities must meet the criteria of being demand driven, logistically feasible, and of having the potential to have a significant impact as well as having adequate funds raised in order to support them.

Page 2

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Objectives and activities (CONTINUED)

b. Report on Tropical Biology Association's Public Benefit

The Trustees have had regard to the Charities Commission Guidance on the principles of public benefit. The TBA delivers identifiable benefits in the areas of the advancement of education, the advancement of science and the advancement of environmental protection or improvement. These are directly linked to the TBA’s aims described at the beginning of the “objectives and activities” section of this report. The benefits are to a specific section of the public – that of young biologists who wish to develop skills in environmental protection and management and at the same time enhance their careers. The TBA courses do not have geographical restrictions within Europe, Africa or SE Asia and scholarships are available to those who cannot pay the fees (which are set to cover only the direct costs).

The TBA courses are assisting students to develop their careers and the specialist training programme provides key skills for conservation professionals in Africa and SE Asia. The year 2019 brought the number of young scientists trained on TBA training courses to 2,409 from 86 countries, including those who have participated in TBA’s specialist training programme. The TBA provides mentorship and encouragement to TBA alumni throughout the year, including reviewing numerous proposals and manuscripts from the alumni.

Achievements and performance

a. Review of activities

The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund project in West Africa continued with activities taking place online, in place of the originally-planned workshops in Lagos, Nigeria and Accra, Ghana. The programme is run in partnership with Save the Frog – Ghana and the Save Sahara Network. In addition, the programme is being extended to Cameroon and Togo.

TBA ran its first online course on scientific writing as part of the Development Corridors Partnership’s virtual training programme in Africa.

The charity has in place various measures of success. In the short term, the impact of our training is measured by the numbers trained vis à vis demand and the quality rating of the training delivered. The mid and long term impacts of capacity building are measured using quantitative and qualitative indicators to assess where trainees go after the charity’s training activities and the conservation work they carry out. For example, 95% of African alumni who attended TBA field courses over the last ten years are in touch with the TBA office. Ninety five percent of all TBA’s African alumni who are in contact with TBA are engaged in conservation or science related careers. Many are women. The qualitative feedback TBA receives indicates that activities of the TBA alumni have a positive impact on the environment and environmental education generally. A good proportion of alumni are leading conservationists in their countries and work on a range of issues from habitat to species conservation as well as education. Together, these indicators are evidence of the long lasting benefit that the TBA activities provide.

Another measure of the mid and long term impacts of the TBA activities is the number of TBA alumni groups that have independently established themselves. There are 15 alumni groups across Africa which were formed by the alumni themselves. These groups aim to promote responsible conservation and natural resource management by catalysing research and nurturing collaborations. More information on their activities can be found on the TBA website http://www.tropical biology.org/alumni groups/.

Page 3

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Achievements and performance (CONTINUED)

b. Factors outside the charity's control

The main factor outside the charity’s control that is relevant to achieving its objectives is the funding situation and to a lesser extent the political stability of some of the African countries the TBA works with. Many donors are reluctant to make long term funding commitments in spite of clear evidence for success. New funding resources must be found on almost a yearly basis. The second significant factor has been the covid-19 pandemic, which has led to disruption to work and the postponement or cancellation of activities planned for 2020-21.

Financial review

a. Going concern

After making appropriate enquiries, and taking into account the impact of covid-19 on the charity, the Trustees have a reasonable expectation that the charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. Further details regarding the adoption of the going concern basis can be found in the accounting policies.

b. Reserves policy

As at 31 March 2021 the charity had total funds of £435,207 (2020: £288,850) of which £262,392 (2020: £128,416) were restricted funds and £172,815 were unrestricted (2020: £160,434). There were £11,724 free reserves after allowing for designations of £159,000 in the Continuity Fund. The Continuity Fund is designated to allow the charity to be able to run field courses and short courses for one year if no external funding was received. The Trustees have not drawn on this fund in 2020/21 and £159,000 remains available at the start of 2021/2022.

The policy of the charity trustees is to build up and keep a Continuity Fund and Reserves to allow the charity to meet its objectives during times of financial volatility and shortfall or when grants are slow to pay. Estimated annual costs are £240,000 and therefore this is the minimum sum that the Trustees wish to hold in unrestricted funds, but they wish to maintain a higher balance if possible. Unrestricted funds (including the designated Continuity Fund) were £172,815, which is below the ideal target level, however the Trustees are working hard to raise further funding.

c. Financial risk management objectives and policies

The majority of TBA’s income comes from grants and donations and total income for the year to 31 March 2021 was £450,462 (2020: £368,279). Total expenditure in the year was £304,105 (2020: £457,818) of which £182,333 was spent on direct costs (2020: £332,221), £102,950 on support costs (2020: £107,537), and £18,822 on governance costs (2020: £18,060). There was no expenditure on the small grants scheme (2020: £nil)

The transactions and activities undertaken during the period are summarised in the Statement of Financial Activities.

d. Principal funding

As well as regular income from TBA member institutions, the principal funding sources for 2020-21 were CEPF, the MAVA Foundation, Pentera and an individual US donor, and small grants such as the CCI collaborative fund. The funding sources change regularly since most grants are of a finite lifespan.

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

e. Plans for the future

The TBA has made significant progress with developing its e-learning strategy to deliver specialist training courses online, but intends to resume its hands-on field and specialist courses once it is safe to do so in the light of the covid-19 situation. This will be continually reviewed.

The following activities are being planned:

• To deliver at least four specialist online training courses in 2021-22. Funding for these has already been provided by a grant from the MAVA Foundation. The first starts at the end of May

• To develop further online specialist training courses, to be selected from TBA’s portfolio.

• To develop new training in response to emerging issues in conservation.

• To raise funds to develop and run month-long field courses in tropical biology and ecology and conservation for at least 48 biologists from Europe, Africa and SE Asia.

• To develop new partners for collaborative projects on capacity building.

• To maintain the active alumnus network and mentoring services.

• To maintain and develop the web-based resources.

• To continue to develop and deliver innovative elements for TBA’s e-learning strategy.

Structure, governance and management

a. Constitution

Tropical Biology Association Limited is registered as a charitable company limited by guarantee, number 05827864 and was set up and is governed by its Memorandum of Association dated 16 May 2006. On this date the net assets of Tropical Biology Association were transferred to the new charity.

The charity gained charitable status on 13 September 2006 and its registered charity number is 1116111.

b. Methods of appointment or election of Trustees

The appointment of new Trustees is decided by the Board ("council"). New Trustees are usually people who have taught on a TBA course or who represent TBA university members. Trustees therefore already have an intimate knowledge of the TBA and its activities. The Trustees who served during the period are as follows:

Mr K T Elmqvist (resigned 24 October 2020) Mr P M Brakefield Dr P Duncan Dr R Trevelyan Dr L Thomas

c. Organisational structure and decision-making policies

In accordance with the Memorandum of Association, Dr R Trevelyan receives remuneration for her full time duties. Dr R Trevelyan is the Executive Director and manages the charity on a day to day basis. Dr R Trevelyan’s remuneration is set by her fellow Board of Trustees.

Page 5

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Structure, governance and management (CONTINUED)

d. Connected charities

The charity has an office at the National Museums of Kenya in Nairobi whose main task is to organise African logistics and assist in fundraising. Members of this office are Kenyan citizens and employed through Nature Kenya, a Kenyan NGO.

Nature Kenya, PO Box 44486, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya

e. Risk management

The Trustees have assessed the major risks to which the charity is exposed, in particular those related to the operations and finances of the charity, and are satisfied that systems and procedures are in place to mitigate exposure to the major risks.

STATEMENT OF TRUSTEES' RESPONSIBILITIES

The Trustees (who are also the directors of the charity for the purposes of company law) are responsible for preparing the Trustees' Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

Company law requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial . Under company law, the Trustees must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of its incoming resources and application of resources, including its income and expenditure, for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Trustees are required to:

• select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

• observe the methods and principles of the Charities SORP (FRS 102);

• make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

• state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards (FRS 102) have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

• prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the charity will continue in business.

The Trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the charity's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Approved by order of the members of the board of Trustees

Dr R Trevelyan

Dr L Thomas

Date: 24 June 2021

Page 6

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Independent Examiner's Report to the Trustees of Tropical Biology Association Limited ('the charity')

I report to the charity Trustees on my examination of the accounts of the charity for the year ended 31 March 2021.

Responsibilities and Basis of Report

As the Trustees of the charity (and its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 ('the 2006 Act').

Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the charity are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of the charity's accounts carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 ('the 2011 Act'). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act.

Independent Examiner's Statement

Since the Charity's gross income exceeded £250,000 your examiner must be a member of a body listed in section 145 of the 2011 Act. I confirm that I am qualified to undertake the examination because I am a member of Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, which is one of the listed bodies.

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect:

1. accounting records were not kept in respect of the charity as required by section 386 of the 2006 Act; or

2. the accounts do not accord with those records; or

3. the accounts do not comply with the accounting requirements of section 396 of the 2006 Act other than any requirement that the accounts give a 'true and fair' view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or

4. the accounts have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities [applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)].

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

Page 7

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

This report is made solely to the charity's Trustees, as a body, in accordance with Part 4 of the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008. My work has been undertaken so that I might state to the charity's Trustees those matters I am required to state to them in an Independent Examiner's Report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, I do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charity and the charity's Trustees as a body, for my work or for this report.

Signed: Mrs J Coplowe FCA

Dated: 24 June 2021

Mrs J Coplowe FCA Peters Elworthy & Moore Chartered Accountants Salisbury House Station Road Cambridge CB1 2LA

Page 8

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES (INCORPORATING INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

Note INCOME FROM: Donations and grants 2 Charitable activities 3 Investments 4 Other income 5 TOTAL INCOME EXPENDITURE ON: Charitable activities 6 TOTAL EXPENDITURE NET (EXPENDITURE)/INCOME Transfers between funds 13 NET MOVEMENT IN FUNDS RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS: Total funds brought forward Net movement in funds TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD	Unrestricted funds 2021 £ 97,233 16,904 1,885 26,151 142,173 146,280 146,280 (4,107) 16,488 12,381 160,434 12,381 172,815	Restricted funds 2021 £ 308,289 - - - 308,289 157,825 157,825 150,464 (16,488) 133,976 128,416 133,976 262,392	Total funds 2021 £ 405,522 16,904 1,885 26,151 450,462 304,105 304,105 146,357 - 146,357 288,850 146,357 435,207	Total funds 2020 £ 276,286 71,452 1,837 18,704
				368,279 457,818
				457,818 (89,539) -
				(89,539) 378,389 (89,539)
				288,850

The Statement of Financial Activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year.

The notes on pages 11 to 26 form part of these financial statements.

Page 9

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee) REGISTERED NUMBER: 05827864

BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 MARCH 2021

Note FIXED ASSETS Tangible assets 10 CURRENT ASSETS Debtors 11 Cash at bank and in hand Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 12 NET CURRENT ASSETS TOTAL NET ASSETS CHARITY FUNDS Restricted funds 13 Unrestricted funds 13 TOTAL FUNDS	46,776 446,756 493,532 (60,416)	2021 £ 2,091 2,091 433,116 435,207 262,392 172,815 435,207	25,101 321,658 346,759 (59,779)	2020 £ 1,870
				1,870 286,980
				288,850
				128,416 160,434
				288,850

The charity was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006.

The members have not required the company to obtain an audit for the year in question in accordance with section 476 of Companies Act 2006.

The Trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Act with respect to accounting records and preparation of financial statements.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to entities subject to the small companies regime.

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Trustees and signed on their behalf by:

Dr R Trevelyan

Dr L Thomas

Date: 24 June 2021

The notes on pages 11 to 26 form part of these financial statements.

Page 10

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1.1 BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) - Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (second edition of the charities SORP (FRS102) October 2019, effective 1 January 2019) and the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006.

Tropical Biology Association Limited meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102. Assets and liabilities are initially recognised at historical cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant accounting policy.

There were no significant estimates or judgements made by management in preparing these financial statements.

1.2 COMPANY STATUS

The Charity is a company limited by guarantee. The members of the company are the Trustees named on page 1. In the event of the Charity being wound up, the liability in respect of the guarantee is limited to £1 per member of the Charity.

1.3 GOING CONCERN

The Trustees have reviewed the financial position of the Charity, including the impact of covid-19 and have a reasonable expectation that the Charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The Trustees are actively seeking grant funding. Budgets and forecasts have been prepared by the Trustees on the assumption that these applications are unsuccessful and those figures indicate a small deficit for 2021/2022 and a larger deficit for 2022/2023. The net effect across the two years would be a reduction in unrestricted funds of £110,000. As noted above there are unrestricted funds available of £171,000 at 31 March 2021. However, the charity is confident that some applications will be successful and budgets and forecasts for this scenario show that TBA will at least break-even across the next three years, rather than running at a deficit. Accordingly, the financial statements continue to be prepared on the going concern basis.

1.4 FUND ACCOUNTING

General funds are unrestricted funds which are available for use at the discretion of the Trustees in furtherance of the general objectives of the charity and which have not been designated for other purposes.

Designated funds comprise unrestricted funds that have been set aside by the Trustees for particular purposes. The aim and use of each designated fund is set out in the notes to the financial statements.

Restricted funds are funds which are to be used in accordance with specific restrictions imposed by donors or which have been raised by the charity for particular purposes. The costs of raising and administering such funds are charged against the specific fund. The aim and use of each restricted fund is set out in the notes to the financial statements.

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

1.5 INCOME

All income is recognised once the charity has entitlement to the income, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount of income receivable can be measured reliably.

Interest on funds held on deposit is included when receivable and the amount can be measured reliably by the Charity; this is normally upon notification of the interest paid or payable by the Bank.

Grants are recognised when the Charity has been notified in writing of both the amount and settlement date. In the event that a grant is subject to conditions that require a level of performance before the Charity is entitles to the funds, the income is deferred and not recognised until either those conditions are fully met, or the fulfilment of those conditions is wholly within the control of the Charity and it is probable that those conditions will be fulfilled in the reporting period.

Donations are recognised when the Charity has been notified in writing of both the amount and settlement date, which usually occur upon receipt.

Membership income is recognised in the period to which is relates. Unpaid fees are included in debtors and any membership fees received in advance are carried forward as deferred income.

Course fee income is recognised in the period in which the course takes place. Any income received in advance is carried forward as deferred income.

1.6 EXPENDITURE

Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.

All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis. All expenses including support costs and governance costs are allocated to applicable headings.

Support costs are those costs incurred directly in support of expenditure on the objects of the company, such as rent and professional fees. Governance costs are those incurred in connection with administration of the company and compliance with constitutional and statutory requirements, such as accountancy fees. The Trustees consider that a proportion of salaries for certain staff employed in the UK relate to support costs and governance costs and an apportionment is made based on an estimation of time spent.

Where a proportion of costs relates to a restricted fund activity, such as wages and salaries, the relevant amount has been treated as expenditure.

Expenditure on charitable activities is incurred on directly undertaking the activities which further the charity's objectives, as well as any associated support costs.

All expenditure is inclusive of irrecoverable VAT.

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

1.7 FOREIGN CURRENCIES

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date.

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the average rate for the year.

Exchange gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities incorporating Income and Expenditure Account.

1.8 PENSIONS

The charity operates a defined contribution pension scheme and the pension charge represents the amounts payable by the charity to the fund in respect of the year.

1.9 OPERATING LEASES

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Financial Activities incorporating Income and Expenditure Account on a straight line basis over the lease term.

1.10 TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION

All assets costing more than £200 are capitalised.

A review for impairment of a fixed asset is carried out if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of any fixed asset may not be recoverable. Shortfalls between the carrying value of fixed assets and their recoverable amounts are recognised as impairments. Impairment losses are recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities incorporating Income and Expenditure Account.

Tangible fixed assets are carried at cost, net of depreciation and any provision for impairment.

Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost of fixed assets, less their estimated residual value, over their expected useful lives on the following bases:

Motor vehicles - 25% reducing balance - Fixtures and fittings 20% straight line

1.11 DEBTORS

Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount after any trade discount offered. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid net of any trade discounts due.

1.12 CASH AT BANK AND IN HAND

Cash at bank and in hand includes cash and short-term highly liquid investments with a short maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition or opening of the deposit or similar account.

Page 13

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

1.13 LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS

Liabilities are recognised when there is an obligation at the Balance Sheet date as a result of a past event, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefit will be required in settlement, and the amount of the settlement can be estimated reliably.

Liabilities are recognised at the amount that the charity anticipates it will pay to settle the debt or the amount it has received as advanced payments for the goods or services it must provide.

Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amounts required to settle the obligation. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the provision is based on the present value of those amounts, discounted at the pre-tax discount rate that reflects the risks specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities as a finance cost.

1.14 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The charity only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial instruments. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently measured at their settlement value.

2. INCOME FROM DONATIONS AND GRANTS

Donations Project grants and donations BES Student Scholarships TOTAL 2020	Unrestricted funds 2021 £ 97,233 - - 97,233 96,984	Restricted funds 2021 £ - 298,289 10,000 308,289 179,302	Total funds 2021 £ 97,233 298,289 10,000 405,522 276,286	Total funds 2020 £ 42,567 223,719 10,000
				276,286

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

3. INCOME FROM CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES

Membership fees Course fees (including STP course fees) TOTAL 2021 TOTAL 2020	Unrestricted funds 2021 £ 16,055 849 16,904 24,286	Restricted funds 2021 £ - - - 47,166	Total funds 2021 £ 16,055 849 16,904 71,452	Total funds 2020 £ 20,989 50,463
				71,452

4. INVESTMENT INCOME

Bank interest TOTAL 2020	Unrestricted funds 2021 £ 1,885 1,837	Total funds 2021 £ 1,885 1,837	Total funds 2020 £ 1,837

5. OTHER INCOME

Equipment Hire Subletting office space TOTAL 2020	Unrestricted funds 2021 £ - 26,151 26,151 18,704	Total funds 2021 £ - 26,151 26,151 18,704	Total funds 2020 £ 350 18,354
			18,704

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

6. ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURE BY ACTIVITIES

Charitable expenditure TOTAL 2020	Direct costs (note 7) 2021 £ 182,333 334,338	Support and Governance costs (note 8) 2021 £ 121,772 123,480	Total funds 2021 £ 304,105 457,818	Total funds 2020 £ 457,818

In 2020, expenditure of £173,253 was met from restricted funds. In 2021, expenditure of £157,825 was met directly from restricted funds.

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

7. DIRECT COSTS

Field course accommodation & subsistence Field course facilities & logistics Field course materials & communications Field course participants' flights & travel Field course teaching Specialist training programme participants Specialist training programme teaching Specialist training programme facilities & logistics Integrated training (CEPF) project management & teaching Integrated training (CEPF) travel Integrated training (CEPF) accommodation & facilities Integrated training (CEPF) office, rent & utilities Integrated training (CEPF) bank fees Integrated training (CEPF) communications, printing & consumables Development Follow-up support Office costs & communications Publicity & promotion Staff travel Earth Optimism Wages and salaries National insurance Pension cost Depreciation	2021 £ - 1,834 417 - 143 - 10,430 1,964 4,741 - 14,820 - - 6,246 21 309 14,514 - 425 7,548 101,925 6,298 9,821 877 182,333	2020 £ 56,597 5,539 364 14,895 12,517 9,938 11,633 5,917 7,423 31,244 29,806 25 190 2,068 315 236 11,010 2,677 812 1,378 108,484 7,621 10,742 790
		332,221

Integrated training (CEPF) accommodation & facilities includes spending on subgrantees & partner costs of £14,820 (2020: £13,245) with the remainder of the expenditure being spent on accommodation & facilities.

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

8. SUPPORT AND GOVERNANCE COSTS

SUPPORT COSTS Rent & maintenance Publicity, advertising, reporting & publication Legal & professional fees Facilities and materials Local committee costs Bookkeeping, payroll & bank charges Exchange rate difference Wages and salaries National insurance Pension cost GOVERNANCE COSTS Accountancy fees Independent examiner's fees Governance Wages and salaries National insurance	2021 £ 37,644 - 1,242 - - 1,611 3,058 51,683 1,865 5,847 102,950 2021 £ 8,318 1,597 - 8,114 793 18,822	2020 £ 41,138 1,707 1,280 214 410 1,447 (1,683) 54,870 2,692 5,462
		107,537
		2020 £ 8,447 1,550 293 7,053 717
		18,060

9. STAFF COSTS, KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL, TRUSTEES' REMUNERATION AND EXPENSES

Wages and salaries Social security costs Contribution to defined contribution pension schemes	2021 £ 166,463 8,956 15,668 191,087	2020 £ 177,071 11,030 16,204
		204,305

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

9. STAFF COSTS, KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL, TRUSTEES' REMUNERATION AND EXPENSES (CONTINUED)

The average number of persons employed by the charity during the year was as follows:

	2021	2020
	No.	No.
Direct and support staff	3	3

The number of employees whose employee benefits (excluding employer pension costs) exceeded £60,000 was:

		2021	2020
		No.	No.
In the band £70,001	- £80,000	1	1

During the year, one Trustee received remuneration of £96,137 including employers' national insurance and pension contribution (£2020 - £96,159) in her capacity as Chief Executive Officer.

During the year, no Trustees received any benefits in kind (2020 - £NIL).

During the year, no Trustees received any reimbursement of expenses or had expenses paid directly to a third party on their behalf (2020 - £NIL).

TBA considers its key management personnel to be the Trustees.

As noted elsewhere in the Trustees' Report and Financial Statements, Dr R Trevelyan is the Executive Director and oversees the day to day management of the Charity. With the authority of the TBA Memorandum of Association, a salary is paid to Dr Trevelyan for her work in running the Charity. This payment does not relate to her duty as a Trustee.

All other Trustees give their time and expertise without any form of remuneration or other benefit in kind as noted above.

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

10. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS

COST OR VALUATION At 1 April 2020 Additions At 31 March 2021 DEPRECIATION At 1 April 2020 Charge for the year At 31 March 2021 NET BOOK VALUE At 31 March 2021 At 31 March 2020	Motor vehicles £ 37,954 - 37,954 36,351 401 36,752 1,202 1,603	Fixtures and fittings £ 34,385 1,098 35,483 34,118 476 34,594 889 267	Total £ 72,339 1,098
			73,437
			70,469 877
			71,346
			2,091
			1,870

11. DEBTORS

DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR Trade debtors Other debtors	2021 £ 46,676 100 46,776	2020 £ 23,490 1,611
		25,101

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

12. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR

Trade creditors Other taxation and social security Other creditors Accruals and deferred income DEFERRED INCOME Deferred income at 1 April 2020 Resources deferred during the year Amounts released from previous periods	2021 £ 25,331 3,614 14,890 16,581 60,416 2021 £ 17,755 - (17,755) -	2020 £ 25,331 3,805 2,791 27,852
		59,779 2020 £ 18,126 17,755 (18,126)
		17,755

During the year £NIL of membership fees income (2020: £7,755) and £NIL of grant income (2020: £10,000) was deferred.

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

13. STATEMENT OF FUNDS

STATEMENT OF FUNDS - CURRENT YEAR

UNRESTRICTED FUNDS DESIGNATED FUNDS Designated Funds - all funds GENERAL FUNDS General Funds - all funds TOTAL UNRESTRICTED FUNDS RESTRICTED FUNDS BES student scholarships Cambridge Conservation Initiative Course fees income CEPF projects e-Learning project Specialist Training Programme Earth optimism project Bird life project Fundraising grant TOTAL OF FUNDS	Balance at 1 April 2020 £ 159,000 1,434 160,434 10,000 - - 115,813 - 2,603 - - - 128,416 288,850	Income £ - 142,173 142,173 10,000 26,057 5,700 57,513 133,789 - 38,000 4,012 33,218 308,289 450,462	Expenditure £ - (146,280) (146,280) - (24,664) - (47,098) (65,510) (1,964) (14,577) (4,012) - (157,825) (304,105)	Transfers in/out £ - 16,488 16,488 - - - (8,627) (7,861) - - - - (16,488) -	Balance at 31 March 2021 £ 159,000
					13,815
					172,815
					20,000 1,393 5,700 117,601 60,418 639 23,423 - 33,218
					262,392
					435,207

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

13. STATEMENT OF FUNDS (CONTINUED)

DESIGNATED FUND

The designated continuity fund has been created by the trustees to ensure that the Charity has the means to run its complement of field courses and short courses for a year if no external funding is received. This year the cost of the increased number of courses was such that an element of the continuity fund was called upon to prevent the general unrestricted funds going into deficit.

RESTRICTED FUNDS

Where general overhead costs are incurred on a restricted project in excess of available income/funds, a transfer is made from unrestricted funds to cover these amounts. Where general overhead costs are met from general funds, but are attributable to a restricted project, a transfer is made from restricted funds to cover these amounts.

BES Student Scholarships - Annually BES grant an amount towards scholarships to be awarded to European students attending TBA courses. No scholarships were awarded in 2021 (2020: None).

Cambridge Conservation Initiative (CCI) - Funding for four projects, “CISCA: citizen science for conservation in Africa", "nudging for nature", "nature capital” and “embracing failure in conservation". The first and second projects were finalised during the year.

Course fees - Money given to cover the costs of a Women in Conservation Leadership course programme.

CEPF Projects - In 2021 three projects were continuing from 2020; Birdlife, West Africa and Manual. Birdlife and manual were completed in the year. West Africa is the largest project which aims to build the organizational capacity of local CSOs and groups for sustainable biodiversity conservation in the Guinean Forests Hotspot countries of Ghana and Nigeria. Also in 2021, the project 'Toolkit' was started and completed.

e-Learning project - In 2021 the project "launching TBA's e-Learning stategy" commenced.

Specialist Training Programme - Covers various training courses in specialised areas.

Earth Optimism Project - Earth Optimism Nairobi is part of a worldwide movement that aims to shift how the environmental narrative is framed, from one of doom and gloom to a conversation about solutions and success. The movement has emerged from two key realisations: that fear without hope leads to apathy rather than action, and that conservation successes are widespread yet not widely appreciated.

Bird Life Project - A project working on the integration of the natural capital module within The Toolkit for Ecosystem Service Site-based Assessment (TESSA).

Fundraising grant - Money received from MAVA Fondation pour la Nature to produce a donor case for support and a marketing package for fee-paying courses and an e-technology business partner.

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

13. STATEMENT OF FUNDS (CONTINUED)

STATEMENT OF FUNDS - PRIOR YEAR

UNRESTRICTED FUNDS DESIGNATED FUNDS Continuity Fund GENERAL FUNDS General Fund TOTAL UNRESTRICTED FUNDS RESTRICTED FUNDS BES student scholarships Cambridge Conservation Initiative Course fees income CEPF projects Specialist Training Programme Earth optimism project TOTAL OF FUNDS	Balance at 1 April 2019 £ 280,000 87 280,087 - 25,285 - 73,017 - - 98,302 378,389	Income £ - 141,811 141,811 10,000 161 17,076 136,653 30,090 32,488 226,468 368,279	Expenditure £ - (284,565) (284,565) - (25,446) (17,076) (70,756) (27,487) (32,488) (173,253) (457,818)	Transfers in/out £ (121,000) 144,101 23,101 - - - (23,101) - - (23,101) -	Balance at 31 March 2020 £ 159,000
					1,434
					160,434
					10,000 - - 115,813 2,603 -
					128,416
					288,850

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TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED (A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

14. ANALYSIS OF NET ASSETS BETWEEN FUNDS

ANALYSIS OF NET ASSETS BETWEEN FUNDS - CURRENT YEAR

Tangible fixed assets Current assets Creditors due within one year TOTAL	Unrestricted funds 2021 £ 2,091 231,140 (60,416) 172,815	Restricted funds 2021 £ - 262,392 - 262,392	Total funds 2021 £ 2,091 493,532 (60,416)
			435,207

ANALYSIS OF NET ASSETS BETWEEN FUNDS - PRIOR YEAR

Tangible fixed assets Current assets Creditors due within one year TOTAL	Unrestricted funds 2020 £ 1,870 218,343 (59,779) 160,434	Restricted funds 2020 £ - 128,416 - 128,416	Total funds 2020 £ 1,870 346,759 (59,779)
			288,850

15. PENSION COMMITMENTS

The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the group to the fund and amounted to £15,668 (2020 - £16,204). At the year end there were outstanding contributions of £617 (2020: £617).

Page 25

TROPICAL BIOLOGY ASSOCIATION LIMITED

(A Company Limited by Guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

16. OPERATING LEASE COMMITMENTS

At 31 March 2021 the charity had commitments to make future minimum lease payments under noncancellable operating leases as follows:

Not later than 1 year Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years Later than 5 years	2021 £ 16,416 61,073 - 77,489	2020 £ 16,416 65,664 11,825
		93,905

17. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

There were no related party transactions during the year that have not been disclosed elsewhere in these Financial Statements.

Page 26