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2022-03-31-accounts

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

(Limited by Guarantee) Company Number: 5410167

REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

oxpip.org.uk

Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

Contents

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS OF CHARITY .................................................................................... 2 TRUSTEES’ REPORT ................................................................................................................................................ 4 CHARITY OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................... 5 ACHIEVEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE 2021-2022 .............................................................................................. 12 STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE & MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................... 19 FINANCIAL REVIEW ............................................................................................................................................. 21 INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT .................................................................................................................. 23 STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................................... 25 BALANCE SHEET ................................................................................................................................................... 26 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ............................................................................................................ 27

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS OF CHARITY Registered Name: Oxford Parent-Infant Project Company Number: 5410167 Registered Charity Number: 1109956 Date of Incorporation: 1 April 2005 Registered Office and Operational Address: Suite J, The Kidlington Centre High Street Kidlington Oxford OX5 2DL Trustees at Year End: Robert Kenny Jane King Anne Burns Shamus Donald Susanna Graham-Jones Dr Jessica Gibson Lawrence Judd Kathy Peto Anne Willcocks Elisabeth Willmott CEO, Clinical Director: Helen Callaghan

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

Bankers: The Co-operative Bank plc PO Box 101 1 Balloon Street Manchester M60 4EP Lloyds Bank plc 25 Gresham St London EC2V 7HN COIF Charity Funds Senator House 85 Queen Victoria Street London EC4V 4ET Independent Examiner: SPX Oxford Ltd. Peace House 19 Paradise Street Oxford OX1 1LD

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

TRUSTEES’ REPORT

The Trustees present their report and accounts for the year ended 31 March 2022.

The accounts have been prepared in accordance with accounting policies set out in Note 1 to the accounts and comply with the charity’s Memorandum and Articles of Association, the Companies Act 2006 and “Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)” (as amended for accounting periods commencing from 1 January 2016).

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

CHARITY OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP) specialises in the field of parent-infant psychotherapy and family support, from conception to two years. Our therapeutic work focuses on the relationship between baby and parents. Many of the parents we work with have complex mental health difficulties and need parentinfant therapy work to enable them to build closer loving relationships at the start of life. With one million connections forming in a baby’s brain every minute for the first eighteen months, this is a critical window of opportunity to offer support and to bring about positive change that will improve a child's social and emotional development, readiness for school, resilience, likelihood of academic success in adolescence, and the capacity to make long-lasting relationships in adulthood.

Our clients are referred to us via GPs, Midwives, Health Visitors, perinatal mental health teams and Early Years Professionals, or they may come to us via self-referrals. We support disadvantaged and hard-to-reach families, and those with ongoing and new mental health issues who struggle to sustain a positive relationship with their baby and to develop their parenting skills.

We also work with professionals, policy makers and the public to build awareness, support, provide Professional Training and services for parent-infant attachment, infant mental health, and perinatal mental health. OXPIP is committed to continuing to deliver a high level of psychodynamically and psychoanalytically informed training to ensure future Parent-Infant Therapy resource in our wider community.

OXPIP’s vision is to contribute to a more responsible and empathetic society, through an intensive focus on positive early relationships and emotional wellbeing.

The OXPIP Team

As of March 2022, OXPIP has 15 employed staff, equivalent to 9 full-time equivalent posts. ParentInfant Therapy services and our professional training provision are delivered by our highly experienced team of specialist Parent-Infant Therapists, supported by regular Freelance Specialist Therapists, and a wider pool of Therapists/Trainers associated with OXPIP.

Our Objectives

The company is a registered charity and our objectives, as set out in the Memorandum and Articles of Association (updated January 2019), are:

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

To meet these objectives, OXPIP aims:

Core Values

Core Competencies

Equality, Diversity & Inclusion

OXPIP believes that equality of opportunity and freedom from discrimination are fundamental rights of all people. We recognise that discrimination, prejudice, and disadvantage exist in society and acknowledge that we have a duty to address these issues whenever possible.

OXPIP is committed to promoting equality and valuing diversity by providing services that are accessible to all families of all backgrounds and cultures. We respect and celebrate difference and will promote the principles of understanding and respect for others.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

OXPIP does not accept discrimination based on any of the nine protected characteristics of equality and diversity - age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnerships, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion and belief, sex, and sexual orientation. OXPIP ensures that its policies, practices, and procedures do not discriminate on these grounds.

Our Activities

OXPIP is a pioneer in parent-infant psychotherapy in the UK. Founded in 1998 (incorporated in 2005), we support parents in Oxfordshire and surrounding areas who are struggling to form a secure attachment to their baby. We work with parents and infants from conception, up to the age of two, often the mother, but also with fathers and other carers of the infant. OXPIP provides two main services to the community: parent-infant psychotherapy and professional training courses.

Parent-Infant Psychotherapy

Our parent-infant psychotherapy is offered in two ways:

Parent-Infant Therapy is a specialist area of psychotherapy not provided extensively by the NHS in Oxfordshire. OXPIP works with any family from conception to 2 years with any issue that is or may impact on their relationship with their baby. This includes parents who experience mild to severe symptoms of anxiety and depression (including those with complex mental health needs), parents that have lost a child, have previous birth trauma, have the birth of a child with a disability, or parents’ own childhood sexual abuse. OXPIP strives to be a universal service open to all.

Parent-Infant Therapy enables families to become stronger and to help their children to develop into happier, more emotionally resilient adults.

We work closely with GPs, peri-natal mental health teams, Health Visitors and Early Years workers, who are familiar with our therapeutic approach. Health and Early Years professionals work with new mothers and fathers and are best placed to identify families that are struggling with the parent-infant relationship. They discuss the specialist support OXPIP can provide with these families to enable them to work towards improving this relationship for the benefit of their family, and they then start the referral process.

Either OXPIP’s Clinical Director or the Referrals coordinator assess all new referrals prior to any Parent-Infant Therapy sessions starting, to understand individual issues a family may be facing that affect the parent-infant relationship. The Parent-Infant Therapy process, together with what the sessions will involve is explained to the client, and a risk assessment is undertaken. Where indicated, pre-therapy sessions are offered whilst the client is on the waiting list. 1:1 Parent-Infant Therapy sessions with the parent(s) and baby are offered for a recommended minimum of six weeks. However, in some cases families are seen for longer term work.

In this way OXPIP’s Parent-Infant Therapy work extends the work of GPs, Health and Early Years Workers, and together we seek to secure the best outcome for our client families. These links,

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

together with those at Health and Family Centres in Oxfordshire, where our OXPIP Projects are based, enable us to strengthen and optimise the links we already have in the community which not only help us to develop our OXPIP projects, but also help us to build partnerships with other interested groups in the Oxfordshire community and to facilitate dynamic new initiatives and joint projects.

OXPIP clinicians are highly qualified therapists whose work is underpinned by psychoanalytic and psychodynamic thinking. They draw on a wide range of interventions including Video-Interaction Guidance, Video-feedback[1] and Watch Wait and Wonder[2,3] . Our clinical team comprises professionals who have a recognised professional clinical registration in a range of psychotherapeutic disciplines. Many were previously social workers, health visitors or midwives. Most of our current team are graduates from OXPIP's Parent-Infant Therapist Diploma or Associate Programmes (OXPIP’s professional training offer).

There is strong evidence of the benefits of OXPIP’s work with positive impacts for individuals, families, and the wider community. Parent-infant psychotherapy, a form of early intervention, considers the emotional health of the infant as well as that of the parent. From pre-birth to two years the baby’s brain grows at a phenomenal rate and interactions with adults are key to healthy development. By working on the relationship between parent and child, during the formative stages of brain development, many future problems can be prevented. These benefits impact on both current and future siblings from families seeing OXPIP, resulting in stronger families as well as children developing into happier, more emotionally resilient adults. There is considerable evidence of the economic benefits of early interventions such as a reduction in demand for statutory health and social care provision, as well as the development of a happier society. Research shows that for every £1 spent on this type of early preventative work £9 is saved on future interventions[4] . There is also a direct link between attachment and readiness for school[5] .

Parent-Infant Psychotherapy Assessment Tools

OXPIP uses nationally recognised assessment tools to monitor and evaluate our work:

Parent-Infant Psychotherapy Professional Training

OXPIP is a highly regarded provider of specialist Parent-Infant Therapy training. As one of the main providers of psychoanalytical/ psychodynamic parent-infant training in the UK, we are committed to

1 Velderman et al (2006b) Preventing Preschool Externalising Behaviour Problems Through Video Feedback Intervention in Infancy. Infant Mental Health 27 466 – 493.

2 Cohen, N., Muir, E., et al. (1999) WWW: Testing the Effectiveness of a New Approach to Mother-Infant Psychotherapy. Infant Mental Health Journal, 20, 429-451.

Cohen, N. J., Lojkasek, M., Muir, E., Muir, R. & Parker, R. (2002) Six-month Follow-Up of Two Mother-Infant Psychotherapies: Convergence of Therapeutic Outcomes. Infant Mental Health Journal, 23, 361-380.

3 Zilibowitz, M. (2010). Watch, Wait & Wonder. Haymarket, N.S.W., Good Beginnings Australia.

4 Conception to Age 2 – The Age of Opportunity. The Wave Trust 2013 (available to download at https://www.wavetrust.org/conceptionto-age-2-the-age-of-opportunity).

5 https://www.bathspa.ac.uk/projects/attachment-aware-schools/attachment-in-school/.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

helping develop the skills and expertise of both early years practitioners and professionals working in this field. We offer professional training programmes to train the next generation of Parent-Infant Therapists, and to share our knowledge of attachment with Early Years professionals. We strive to remain up to date with current research and use this to implement new thinking. In the light of the government’s recently launched Start for Life programme, and the 75 pre-selected areas that will receive funding for this, the value of and need for specialist parent-infant training is all the more important.

Our training is accredited by the Association for Psychodynamic Practice and Counselling in Organisational Settings (APPCIOS) and is focused on two main groups:

OXPIP’s Parent-Infant Therapy Training Programme has an established national and international profile.

Level 1 Teaching Module for Early Years Workers

One of the new training initiatives for this year has been the design of a two-hour training module to support foster carers who care for babies aged 0 – 2 years, who have been removed from their parents following trauma and abuse. This course focuses on how affection and early life experiences shape both the early brain and autonomic nervous system, and what foster carers can do to support the babies in their care to repair these early experiences. This training is also being offered to other areas. We are also running training workshops for Homestart workers.

Short Training Courses

OXPIP’s programme of specialist one and two-day courses is much in demand with Early Years, Social Care and Health professionals. The courses enable practitioners to understand attachment and infant mental health and to apply this understanding in their day-to-day work. Throughout the year substantial work has been undertaken in redesigning and updating our courses, these include:

Extended Training Courses

To train new Parent-Infant Therapists, OXPIP delivers APPCIOS-approved programmes:

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

OXPIP Public Lecture Series and External Presentations

OXPIP hosts an Oxford Lecture Programme throughout the year. These lectures are delivered online by local and national experts in Parent-Infant Therapy and are attended by professionals from around the world.

Parent-Infant Therapy Consultancy

OXPIP is commissioned through several bodies to deliver specialist training and consultancy for professional teams and individual practitioners. Previously supported by The Step Change Fund funding, this area of our work continues to develop, with increasing interest from health and local authority training commissioners.

Partnerships

OXPIP continues to be actively involved in both local and national partnerships:

OXPIP continually reviews its parent-infant work through a range of activities. The CEO/Clinical Director and Senior Management Team regularly meet to review all client, Parent-Infant Therapist and healthcare professional feedback, and feedback on OXPIP from the Clinical Director’s meetings with professional groups to determine whether any changes to therapy content or therapy delivery should be piloted. A valuable context for this decision-making process is OXPIP’s membership of Parent-Infant Therapy affiliated national groups to which OXPIP’s information provides input. Feedback from these groups indicates trends and potential changes to improve Parent-Infant Therapy

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

provision nationally to communities, which in turn can inform OXPIP's decisions for Parent-Infant Therapy provision in Oxfordshire.

In this way OXPIP collates and reviews multiple sources of evaluation feedback from within and outside its own community which enhances OXPIP’s provision in Oxfordshire.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

ACHIEVEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE 2021-2022

OXPIP currently delivers Parent-Infant Therapy to families via several project hubs in Oxfordshire:

These projects are funded by trusts and grants that OXPIP secures via bid applications, philanthropic private donors, and by donations from the charity’s fundraising activities. OXPIP is a small charity which continually reviews and aims to enhance its operations and therapeutic service provision, to ensure that return on funding investment is optimised and best operational efficiencies are achieved.

Also, OXPIP delivers Parent-Infant Therapy to Social Services Funded Clients.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

Parent-Infant Therapy Delivery

In 2021-2022, 323 clients were referred to OXPIP for Parent-Infant Therapy, of which 13% did not engage and 16% were outside OXPIP’s referral criteria. 250 clients went on to access direct individual therapy (with 625 direct beneficiaries). OXPIP offered 2,474 Parent-Infant Therapy session to clients in this period, an increase on 2020-2021 (2,430 sessions). A further 254 pre-therapy sessions were given by the Referrals Coordinator during the initial clinical assessment. In most cases 6-12 sessions per client were given, this increased to 1-2 years when there were complex issues. These numbers reflect a high level of client engagement.

Our experience in the COVID-19 pandemic years, is that some clients initially did not want to engage on Zoom (this provision was first introduced at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic to sustain ongoing Parent-Infant Therapy delivery), but then as the pandemic continued and Lockdowns persisted, they changed their minds. OXPIP’s Parent-Infant Therapists provided a non-judgemental support to families finding it hard to engage with Parent-Infant Therapy via Zoom, by initially speaking to them by phone and encouraging the transition to Zoom and then, when possible, to face-to-face appointments.

We also became aware that some families, although happy to engage with Parent-Infant Therapy via Zoom, did not have childcare arrangements in place for siblings and so were unable to engage appropriately within the therapy sessions. For some, where there were issues in the couple’s relationship, they were unable to find a confidential place within the home. In these cases, alternative provision was sought.

Our evaluation of the impact of our therapy work for families continues to show positive outcomes. In all families where PIRGAS (Parent Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale) measurements were taken at both the start and end of a programme of Parent-Infant Therapy, 92% of clients showed an improvement in the quality of their parent-infant relationship. In families where the HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) scale of anxiety and/or depression was used, 86% showed an improvement in one, or both, of the anxiety and depression evaluations.

All parents accessing OXPIP support are offered the opportunity to feedback their experiences of the services they have received. Our analysis of 120 completed client feedback forms in 2021-2022 showed that 100% felt OXPIP’s service had been helpful to them in some way, and 57% of these respondents felt the service had been “very helpful” to them.

Here is some feedback from families who completed their Parent-Infant Therapy in 2021-2022:

‘’Before OXPIP, I was struggling to put a name to my feelings or understand why I was responding to my baby in certain ways. All I knew was that I was terrified of repeating my parents' mistakes and this was actually impeding the bonding process with my baby. Through my work with my OXPIP therapist, I have been able to more clearly delineate how my childhood has affected my behaviour and psychological state as an adult and to understand why I felt fearful and stressed when faced with the distress of my child. I have also felt validated that I am enough for my child and now know that going to therapy was not a failure, it was the most important and successful thing I have done for me and my child to date. I think the work that me and my partner have done with OXPIP has been truly transformative and will have

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

resounding positive effects in the way we parent, the kind of parents we will be, our ability to safely contain our child's feelings, and in bringing our awareness to our own inner children who, historically and now, also need some love and support’’.

‘’Having regular contact in a space where empathy and understanding were valued above practical advice was very helpful. The anxiety of making practical decisions about childcare can be very relentless, and I found it useful to practice putting those concerns to one side long enough to focus on my child’s experiences and perspective’’.

‘’My bond with my little girl is mended and I feel confident within myself again to be a great mum to both my girls. All this would have not happened without the excellent help and support from my Therapist at OXPIP. We started this awful journey when I became ill within 3 months of having my little girl and my post-natal depression and anxiety started. I struggled to bond with my little girl and found it very hard emotionally and physically to juggle the care of 2 children. After months of seeing my OXPIP Therapist, and working with my husband as well, we managed to help me and my little girl bond, and for us to connect as a family’’.

OXPIP regularly receives feedback from referrers:

''I always refer to OXPIP, they respond to the families within a few days and having assessed the risk will offer pre-therapy sessions. They also contact me as the referrer, which is helpful’’.

GP in Beaumont Street, Oxford.

“We are extremely grateful for the work OXPIP carry out in Banbury. As midwives working with vulnerable pregnant women and parents, we don’t have statutory services to refer to who have the knowledge and interest in working with the relationship with the mother/parent and the unborn/baby. If we refer [elsewhere] we may get a professional who doesn’t have the understanding and expertise around the parent infant relationship.

Our rate of referrals to OXPIP has increased since we have adapted to a new model because of COVID. We are seeing women on a one-to-one basis now and have more one to one time with them to support them and identify needs. We are then able to use time in the weekly reflective time we have with OXPIP to think about cases and have a better understanding of them and what may be helpful.

We can feel confident in discussing OXPIP with women and referring as we know OXPIP has the capacity to offer parent infant therapy and … there isn’t a long waiting time.

The families we see have quite acute needs and we can feel quite desperate regarding how we are going to help them. OXPIP fills a massive gap in the statutory services. Lots of the cases we see are very complex so we know the pregnant woman we see may have had difficult relationships and experiences as children and the likelihood of intergenerational trauma is high. Working together with OXPIP and the Sunshine Centre enables us to support women to have different relationships with their children and to break these transgenerational patterns’’.

SAPlings Midwives, Banbury

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

Professional Training Delivery

To meet training delivery needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, OXPIP adapted its face-to-face training to online training. This was very well received as it increased access for people across the country and impacted less on their working week. With this feedback, we will continue to offer training in this way, as well as offering face-to-face training.

Short Training Courses

Our ‘Attachment and Intersubjectivity’, ‘Watch, Wait and Wonder’, ‘Ghosts in The Nursery’ and ‘Assessing Parent-Infant Relationship’ courses were delivered online and attended by 411 individuals 2021-2022 (compared to 107 attendees for Short Courses in 2020-2021). We also delivered ParentInfant Group Work training with one of our external trainers, which was attended by 13 individuals and a Trauma Workshop with 12 attendees.

Externally Commissioned Training

During 2021-2022, we delivered several short courses packages (online) across the UK, including to NHS teams in Hull and East of England - training 65 professionals. We also provided ‘Watch, Wait and Wonder’ training to 25 health visitors and nursery nurses in Oxfordshire with ongoing bi-monthly supervision for a 12-month period.

Extended Professional Training Courses

OXPIP’s Extended Training Courses are APPCIOS[6] approved programme courses and have been transitioned to online delivery.

• Parent-Infant Therapist Diploma

This training is practice-based training, open to experienced therapists who would like to specialise in Parent-Infant Therapy, and incorporates both teaching and clinical placements. During 2021-22, we offered this training online to five trainees from both within the UK and internationally. In March 2022, a new cohort of four Oxfordshire-based (OXPIT) trainees began an intensive, funded 12-month programme with us, two of whom are funded by the Banbury Project. We are very grateful to the private funder who has funded this training which has enabled us to grow more Oxfordshire-based parent-infant therapists.

• Infant Observation Course

We re-commenced our Infant Observation course for five trainees in March 2021. This is a twoyear rolling course for those who would like to gain a greater understanding of a baby’s early life

and relationships, and how they develop. It is also a pre-requisite for our parent-infant therapy diploma; two of our current OXPIT trainees have recently joined this programme.

6 The Association for Psychodynamic Practice and Counselling in Organisational Settings (APPCIOS) www.appcios.com

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

OXPIP Public Lecture Series and External Presentations

In 2021-2022 we held 3 online lectures, with 161 attendees. As the move to online delivery enabled a much wider audience to attend, we have decided to continue with this format for the foreseeable future.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

Business Planning

Our Strategic Plan provides a clear roadmap for the charity, focusing on four themes:

To ensure that through effective income generation, organisational management and investment in training Oxford-based therapists, OXPIP has the governance, management, staff team, polices and resources required to deliver on this strategy.

Against these objectives:

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

Funding and Fundraising

As the COVID-19 pandemic continued into its second year, OXPIP continued to experience its economic impact and its effect on our funding applications, fundraising initiatives and outcomes. OXPIP usually hosts several fundraising events throughout the year, however these were not possible to host due to Lockdowns and social distancing restrictions. Nevertheless, we were able to run some outdoor fundraising initiatives, as well as several online fundraising campaigns, which have successfully raised donations and extended our donor network.

In 2021-2022, many funders paused or altered their funding programmes, reflecting the changing demands from funders during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have seen funders alter their specific funding criteria for bid applications and there is an increased demand for more evidentiary data and more business scrutiny than we have previously experienced. OXPIP has responded to these changes well and has successfully submitted robust business proposals for its bid applications and won major grants on this basis.

We are very grateful to the many funders, charitable trusts and foundations that have provided funding to enable our vital work with families to continue during 2021-2022:

We are also very thankful for the continuing support from our private and individual donors.

Volunteers and Supporters

OXPIP’s work relies on the voluntary commitment of many individuals and organisations through contributions in kind, helping with events, networking, publicity, and community fundraising. We are especially grateful for their contributions and commitment.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE & MANAGEMENT

Constitution and Organisation

Oxford Parent-Infant Project registered as a charity on 10[th] June 2005, governed by Articles of Association, and a company limited by guarantee incorporated on 1[st] April 2005. The charity is governed by its Board of Trustees, which may number between four and twelve members. The operational and financial aspects are managed by the CEO, Clinical Director, overseen by the Board of Trustees.

The Trustees, who are also directors for the purposes of company law, and who served during the year, or subsequently were appointed:

Recruitment and Appointment of Trustees

The directors of the charitable company (“the charity”) are its Trustees for the purpose of charity law and throughout this report are collectively referred to as the Trustees and constitute its members of council. The Chair’s period of office shall be two years, renewable to a maximum of eight years. Trustees retire after a two-year term at the Annual General Meeting. A retiring Trustee shall be eligible for re-election subject to a maximum period of office of eight years.

None of the Trustees have any beneficial interest in the company. All Trustees are required to become members of the company and guarantee to contribute £1 in the event of a winding up. This guarantee does not end until one year after they cease to be a director. The total amount of such guarantees on 31 March 2022 was £11.

Risk Assessment

The Trustees of Oxford Parent-Infant Project recognise and accept their responsibility for ensuring that risks to which the Charity is exposed are reviewed and steps taken to mitigate potential damage by the use of appropriate preventative controls and corrective actions.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

Trustees are aware of the Charities SORP (revised 2015) and accept the requirement, in relation to all aspects of their work, for regular assessment of operating strengths and weaknesses.

To this end the risk management strategy comprises a regular review of the risks, which the charity may face; the establishment of systems and procedures to mitigate those risks identified; and the implementation of procedures designed to minimise any potential impact on the charity should any of those risks materialise.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Financial Overview

OXPIP’s total income for 2021-2022 was £373,304. This represented a 13% increase on 2020-2021.

Income from donations (unrestricted) was £42,454, whilst income from community fundraising was £10,548. Together this represented a 130% donation increase on 2020-2021 and reflects the recovery after the worst of the COVID-19 pandemic and the new strategies OXPIP introduced for fundraising activities.

2021-2022 professional training delivery income was £88,313. This represented an increase of 23% on 2020-2021.

Total income from OXPIP’s charitable activities (including training) was £320,260, and bank interest income received was £42.

We continue to attract funding interest and sustain cash reserves. Our plans are to sustain and consolidate the growth in 2022-2023 and over the next years. We are also consolidating our professional training delivery in 2022-2023, and the next PIT Training is scheduled to commence in September 2023.

Reserves Policy

OXPIP makes commitments to the clients it seeks to help and to the practitioners it has agreed to train.

The Trustees wish to ensure that OXPIP would be able to continue to provide treatment that has commenced and to complete training where possible. Since it may take three months to complete treatment, the general reserve should therefore represent at least three months’ worth of expenditure not covered by restricted funds (though the amount of relevant restricted funds can be variable). Given this, at current levels of activity the Trustees believe target reserves should be £120,000 representing four months of expenditure (three plus one as a safety margin). The Trustees review the policy annually and review cash flows quarterly to ensure there are sufficient reserves.

The Trustees also wish to provide a level of working capital that protects the continuity of our core work in the event of a temporary shortfall in income. Trustees consider that the above amount is also sufficient for this purpose. Regular review of cash flows will allow the Trustees to determine whether the reserves policy remains adequate and will help to establish the level of funds needed to cover the natural pattern of activity. As of 31st March 2022, our general unrestricted reserves amounted to £95,658 (2020-2021 £87,037).

The Trustees have complied with the duty in section 17(5) of the Charities Act 2011 and have due regard to public benefit guidance published by the Charity Commission .

This report has been prepared in accordance with the special provisions of Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

Approved by the Board of Trustees on 30[th] June 2022 and signed on their behalf by

Robert Kenny (Chairperson)

Registered Office Suite J, The Kidlington Centre High Street Kidlington Oxford OX5 2DL

Date: 30[th] June 2022

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Oxford Parent-Infant Project (OXPIP)

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT

TO THE TRUSTEES OF OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

I report to the trustees on my examination of the financial statements of Oxford Parent- Infant Project (the charity) for the year ended 31 March 2022.

Responsibilities and basis of report

As the trustees of the charity (and its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 (the 2006 Act).

Having satisfied myself that the financial statements of the charity are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of the charity’s financial statements carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 (the 2011 Act). In carrying out my examination I have followed all the applicable Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act.

Independent examiner's statement

Since the charity’s gross income exceeded £250,000 your examiner must be a member of a body listed in section 145 of the 2011 Act. I confirm that I am qualified to undertake the examination because I am a member of ACCA, which is one of the listed bodies.

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect:

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report to enable a proper understanding of the financial statements to be reached.

Sheila Parry FCCA

SPX Oxford Ltd Peace House Paradise Street Oxford OX1 1LD Dated 5 August 2022

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OXFORD PARENT INFANT PROJECT

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES

INCLUDING INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

Notes
Income from:
Donations and legacies
3
Charitable activities
4
Investments
6
Other trading
activities
5
Total income
Expenditure on:
Raising funds
7
Charitable activities
8
Total expenditure
Net income / -expenditure
Transfers between funds
Net movement in funds
Reconciliation of
funds:
Total funds brought forwards
Total funds carried forward		 Unrestricted
Funds
£
42,454
136,354
42
10,548
189,398
44,610
145,097
189,707
- 309
8,930
8,621
87,037
95,658		 Restricted
Funds
£
-
183,906
-
-
183,906
-
188,317
188,317
- 4,411
- 8,930
- 13,341
19,595
6,254		 Total
2022
£
42,454
320,260
42
10,548
373,304
44,610
333,414
378,024
- 4,720
-
- 4,720
106,632
101,912		 Unrestricted
Funds
£
14,260
74,960
102
8,567
97,889
24,776
85,017
109,793
- 11,904
- 2,351
- 14,255
101,292
87,037		 Restricted
Funds
£
-
232,094
-
-
232,094
-
226,610
226,610
5,484
2,351
7,835
11,760
19,595		 Total
2021
£
14,260
307,054
102
8,567
329,983
24,776
311,627
336,403
- 6,420
2,351
- 4,069
113,052
106,632

The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities. The statement of financial activities also complies with the requirements for an income and expenditure account under the Com panies Act 2006.

*Income from other trading activities (reference SORP) is income from fundraising events.

Page 25 of 39

OXFORD PARENT INFANT PROJECT

BALANCE SHEET

AS AT 31 MARCH 2022

Notes
FIXED ASSETS
Tangible Assets
12
CURRENT ASSETS
Debtors
13
Cash at bank
CREDITORS:Amounts falling due within
one year
14
NET CURRENT ASSETS
NET ASSETS
FUNDS
INCOME FUNDS
Unrestricted Income funds
15
Restricted Income funds
16
TOTAL INCOME FUNDS		 2022
£
£
12,440
9,801
253,389
263,190
173,718
89,472
101,912
95,658
6,254
101,912		 2021
£
£
11,237
6,352
291,942
298,294
202,898
95,396
106,633
87,037
19,596
106,633		 2021
£
£
11,237
6,352
291,942
298,294
202,898
95,396
106,633
87,037
19,596
106,633
106,633
87,037
19,596
106,633

The company is entitled to the exemption from the audit requirement contained in section 477 of the Companies Act 2006, for the year ended 31 March 2022.

The trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for ensuring that the charity keeps accounting records which comply with section 386 of the Act and for preparing financial statements which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company as at the end of the financial year and of its incoming resources and application of resources, including its income and expenditure, for the financial year in accordance with the requirements of sections 394 and 395 and which otherwise comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 relating to financial statements, so far as applicable to the company.

The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year in question in accordance with section 476.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies’ regime.

The financial statements were approved by the Trustees on 30[th] June 2022

Mr R Kenny – Chair of Trustees Mrs J King - Treasurer Trustee Trustee

Company Registration No. 05410167

Page 26 of 38

OXFORD PARENT INFANT PROJECT NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

1. Accounting Policies

Charity information

Oxford Parent-Infant Project is a private company limited by guarantee incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Suite J, The Kidlington Centre, High Street, Kidlington, Oxfordshire, OX5 2DL.

1.1 Accounting convention

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the charity's Memorandum and Articles of Association, the Companies Act 2006 and “Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)” (as amended for accounting periods commencing from 1 January 2016). The charity is a Public Benefit Entity as defined by FRS 102.

The charity has taken advantage of the provisions in the SORP for charities applying FRS 102 Update Bulletin 1 not to prepare a Statement of Cash Flows.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the charity. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

1.2 Going concern

At the time of approving the financial statements, the trustees have a reasonable expectation that the charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus, the trustees continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.

1.3 Charitable funds

Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the trustees in furtherance of their charitable objectives unless the funds have been designated for other purposes.

Designated funds comprise funds which have been set aside at the discretion of the trustees for specific purposes. The purposes and uses of the designated funds are set out in the notes to the financial statements.

Restricted funds are subject to specific conditions by donors as to how they may be used. The purposes and uses of the restricted funds are set out in the notes to the financial statements.

1.4 Incoming resources

Income is recognised when the charity is legally entitled to it after any performance conditions have been met, the amounts can be measured reliably, and it is probable that income will be received.

Cash donations are recognised on receipt. Other donations are recognised once the charity has been notified of the donation, unless performance conditions require deferral of the amount. Income tax recoverable in relation to donations received under Gift Aid or deeds of covenant is recognised at the time of the donation.

Legacies are recognised on receipt or otherwise if the charity has been notified of an impending distribution, the amount is known, and receipt is expected. If the amount is not known, the legacy is treated as a contingent asset.

1.5 Resources expended.

Liabilities are recognised as resources expended as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to the expenditure. All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all costs related to the category.

Expenditure on raising funds comprises the costs associated with attracting voluntary income, applications to grant giving bodies and costs of organising fundraising events.

Page 27 of 38

OXFORD PARENT INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

Charitable expenditure comprises those costs incurred by the charity in the delivery of services for its beneficiaries. It includes both costs that can be allocated directly to such activities and those costs of an indirect nature necessary to support them.

1.6 Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Leasehold improvements over the life of the lease Fixtures and fittings 25% straight line Office equipment 25% straight line

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset and is recognised in net income/(expenditure) for the year.

1.7 Impairment of fixed assets

At each reporting end date, the charity reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).

1.8 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.

1.9 Financial instruments

The charity has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the charity's balance sheet when the charity becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Basic financial liabilities

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors and bank loans are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of operations from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Page 28 of 38

OXFORD PARENT INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the charity’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

1.10 Employee benefits

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the charity is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

1.11 Leases

Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged as an expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease.

2. Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements

In the application of the charity’s accounting policies, the trustees are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisi ons to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

Page 29 of 38

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

3. Donations and Legacies

Donations and gifts Donations and legacies

Unrestricted
£
36,429
6,025
42,454		 Restricted
£
-
-
-		 Total Funds
2022
£
36,429
6,025
42,454		 Total Funds
2021
£
14,260
-
14,260

4. Income from Charitable Activities

Income from charitable activities
Analysed by
Parent Infant Therapy
Training and raising awareness		 Unrestricted
£
136,354
136,354
52,124
84,230
136,354		 Restricted
£
183,906
183,906
179,823
4,083
183,906		 Total Funds
2022
£
320,260
320,260
231,946
88,313
320,260		 Total Funds
2021
£
307,054
307,054
235,066
71,989
307,055

Page 30 of 39

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

5.Other Trading Activities
Fundraising events
6.Investments
Bank Interest
7.Expenditure on Raising Funds

Staging fundraising events
Freelance costs
Other fundraising costs
Staff costs
Depreciation and impairment
Support costs
Telephone and internet
Professional fees
Insurance
Office costs
IT
Provision of training
Rent, rates, utility and other premise
costs		 Unrestricted
£
10,548
Unrestricted
£
42
42
Unrestricted
1,825
1,435
476
33,256
1,427
-
276
2,514
459
192
2,194
33
523
-
44,610		 Restricted
£
-
Restricted
£
-
-
Restricted
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-		 Total Funds
2022
£
10,548
Total Funds
2022
£
42
42
Total Funds
2022
1,825
1,435
476
33,256
1,427
-
276
2,514
459
192
2,194
33
523
44,610		 Total Funds
2021
£
8,567
Total Funds
2021
£
102
102
Total Funds
2021
520
646
437
15,665
847
-
403
848
414
232
4,393
-
371
24,776

Page 31 of 38

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

8. Expenditure on Charitable Activities

Staff costs
Freelance costs
Rent, rates, utility and other
premise costs
IT
Depreciation and impairment
Provision of training
Office costs
Professional fees
Governance costs
Support costs
Analysis by fund
Unrestricted Funds
Restricted Funds		 Parent
Infant
Therapy
£
163,950
9,408
4,788
6,406
3,224
-
-
5,410
5,069
41,800
240,055
51,738
188,317
240,055		 Training
and
raising
awareness
£
64,265
8,171
-
-
795
11,464
4
-
1,689
6,971
93,359
93,359
-
93,359		 Total
Funds
2022
£
228,215
17,579
4,788
6,406
4,019
11,464
4
5,410
6,758
48,771
333,414
145,097
188,317
333,414		 Parent
Infant
Therapy
£
147,976
9,176
12,543
1,547
-
-
68
4,458
3,472
62,873
242,112
36,132
205,980
242,112		 Training
and
raising
awareness
£
49,711
8,729
-
40
3,134
2,610
-
-
1,157
4,134
69,515
48,885
20,630
69,515		 Total
Funds
2021
£
197,686
17,905
12,543
1,587
3,134
2,610
68
4,458
4,629
67,007
311,627
85,017
226,610
311,627

Staff costs includes training, wellbeing and mobile phone contracts, as well as salary expenditure. Supports costs also includes some staff costs. See note 10 for salary expenditure, and note 9 for the analysis of supports costs

Supports costs in 2022 includes a greater share of the CEO/ Clinical Director, Development & Finance Manager, Operations Manager and Administrator costs, owing to restricted grant funding for these costs

Support costs in 2022 also includes £1,673 for telephone and internet.

Page 32 of 38

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

9. Governance and Support Costs

Governance
Independent Examination fee
Other governance costs
Sub-total governance
Support costs
Strategic Management and Office
Team
Building, IT and office costs		 Parent
Infant
Therapy
£
405
4,664
5,069
35,828
5,972
41,800		 Training
and
raising
awareness
£
135
1,554
1,689
5,975
996
6,971		 Total
Funds
2022
£
540
6,218
6,758
41,803
6,968
48,771		 Parent
Infant
Therapy
£
405
3,067
3,472
47,322
15,551
62,873		 Training
and
raising
awareness
£
135
1,022
1,157
3,112
1,022
4,134		 Total
Funds
2021
£
540
4,089
4,629
50,434
16,573
67,007

None of the trustees (or any persons connected with them) received any remuneration or benefits from the charity during the year.

During the year, trustees donated £1,146 to the charity (2021 £2,140)

10. Employees

Wages 2022
£
291,755
291,755		 2021
£
246,357
246,357

The average number of employees during the year was 11 (2021: 9)

No member of staff received benefits over £60,000 (2021: nil)

Page 33 of 38

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

11. Tangible Fixed Assets

COST
At 1st April 2021
Additions
At 31 March 2022
DEPRECIATION
At 1st April 2021
Charge for the year
At 31 March 2022
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 March 2022
At 31 March 2021
12.Debtors
Trade debtors
Prepayments and accrued income
Other debtors
13.Creditors
Payroll taxation and social security
Trade creditors
Accruals and deferred income		 Leasehold
improvements
£
2,960
-
2,960
2,960
2,960
-
-
2022
£
6,170
1,728
1,903
9,801
2022
£
1,948
6,839
164,931
173,718		 Fixtures
and fittings
£
5,785
-
5,785
5,785
5,785
-
-
2021
£
3,148
1,302
1,903
6,352
2021
£
5,962
8,343
188,594
202,898		 Office
equipment
£
40,279
6,970
47,249
29,041
5,768
34,809
12,440
11,238		 Total
£
49,024
6,970
55,994
37,786
5,768
43,553
-
12,440
11,238

The charity operates a defined contribution pension scheme for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the charity in an independently administered fund.

Page 34 of 38

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

14. Restricted funds

14.Restricted funds
Armed Forces Covenant Grant
Carterton Town Council
CHK
Henry Smith
National Lottery Community Fund
Rayne Foundation
Royal Air Force Association (RAFA)
Step Change (Oxfordshire Community
Foundation)
Sylvia Adams
Tudor
Upton Viva
Yorkshire Building Society Charitable
Foundation
Trusthouse Charitable Trust
St Michael and All Saints Charities		 Balance at 1
April 2021
£
-
-
-
-
-
5,349
-
-
10,889
2,284
1,074
-
-
-
19,596		 Income
£
- 1
2,000
-
-
56,508
11,667
-
4,083
28,000
18,000
45,648
-
15,000
3,000
183,905		 Expenditure
£
-
- 3,876
-
-
- 68,560
- 10,031
-
-
- 31,027
- 11,891
- 46,722
-
- 12,868
- 3,342
- 188,316		 Transfers
£
1
1,876
12,051
- 6,985
- 4,083
- 4,000
- 6,000
-
-
- 2,132
342
- 8,930		 Balance as
at 31 Mar
2022
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3,862
2,393
-
-
-
-
6,255

The income funds of the charity include restricted funds comprising the following unexpended balances of donations and grants held on trust for specific purposes: The transfers to the National Lottery and Carterton Town Council represents the planned part -funding by OXPIP for these projects.

The other transfers are for expenditure on core and overhead costs.

Page 35 of 38

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

Restricted funds (continued)

Previous year:
Balance at 1
April 2020
£
Armed Forces Covenant Grant
Carterton Town Council
CHK
2,509
Henry Smith
3,040
National Lottery Community Fund
Rayne Foundation
1,180
Royal Air Force Association (RAFA)
-
Step Change (Oxfordshire Community
Foundation)
3,616
Sylvia Adams
-
Tudor
1,416
Upton Viva
Yorkshire Building Society Charitable Foundation
11,761		 Income
£
14,442
2,000
-
4,250
107,610
12,083
625
20,417
28,000
12,000
29,167
1,500
232,093		 Expenditure
£
- 5,861
- 2,148
- 2,509
- 4,533
- 124,885
- 7,915
- 294
- 20,630
- 17,111
- 11,132
- 28,093
- 1,500
- 226,610		 Transfers
£
- 8,581
148
- 2,757
17,275
- 331
- 3,403
2,351		 Balance
as at 31
Mar 2021
£
-
-
-
-
-
5,349
-
-
10,889
2,284
1,074
-
19,596

Transfers from unrestricted funds represent planned part-funding for these projects.

Page 36 of 38

OXFORD PARENT-INFANT PROJECT

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

15. Unrestricted and Designated Funds

Balance at 1
April 2021		 Income Income Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Transfers Balance as
at 31 Mar
2022
£ £ £ £ £
Designated funds
Lease Obligation Reserve -
Other Unrestricted Funds 87,036 189,398
-		 189,706 8,930 95,658
87,036 189,398
-		 189,706 8,930 95,658
Previous year
Balance at 1
April 2020		 Income
Expenditure
Transfers		 Balance as
at 31 Mar
2021
£ £ £ £ £
Designated funds
Lease Obligation Reserve 5,000 - 5,000 -
Other Unrestricted Funds 96,292 97,889
-		 109,793 2,649 87,036
101,292 97,889
-		 109,793 - 2,351 87,036

The income funds of the charity did not include any designated funds at the year end. The previous year’s balance included £5 ,000 which had been set aside out of unrestricted funds by the trustees to cover the remaining lease obligation.

Page 37 of 38

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021

20 Related Party Transactions

Remuneration of key management personnel

The remuneration of key management personnel is as follows.

2022 2021
£ £
Aggregate compensation 47,835 44,048

Transactions with related parties

There were no related party transactions in the current year (previous year: none)