Charity registration number 1086241 Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum 04175678 (A Company Limited by Guarantee) Annual Report and Financial Statements 31 March 2025 FAIRWAY Tax ond Accounting
Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum Charity registration number Contents 1086241 Reference and Administralive Details Report of the Trustees 2to4 Independent Examiner's Report Statement of Financial Activilies Balance Sheet Notes to the Financial Statemenis 8t014
Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum Reference and Administrative Details Trustees Cecil Chipendo Carol Leonardi Hsln-Ling Liang Bibe Mal Qamar Nizam Peninnah Serrano Yan Wang AsadLrz Zaman Azzam Al Kassir Retsm Assil Abdul Hye Edward Imhagwe Rebecca Imhagwe (resigned 12 Novomber 2024) (reslgned 12 November 2024) (reslgnod 12 November 2024) (appointed 12 November 2024} lappoinled 12 November 20241 (appointed 12 November 20241 (appointed 12 November 20241 (appolnted 12 November 2024) Chl¢f Executive Officer Eddie Stadnlk Princlpal Office 16-18 Arbury Court Cambridge CB4 2JQ Company Registration Number 04175678 Charlty Roglstratlon Numbér 1086241 Bankers Lloyds Bank plc 3 Sidney Street Cambridge C82 3HQ Independent Examiner Fairway Tax and ACCIntIng Llmited 11C Alma Road Snellisham King's Lynn Norfolk PE317NY
Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum Charity registration number Report of the Trustees The trustees, who are also directors of the charity for the purposes of the Companies Act. present their annual report and the independently examined accounls for the year ended 31 March 2025. 1086241 The accounts comply with the Charities Act 2011, the Companies Act 2006, the Memorandum and Articles of AssoGiatlon. and Accounting and Reporting by Charities.. Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Slandard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019). statemenl of Trustees. Responsiblllties The trustees are responsible for preparing the trustees, report and the financial ststements in accordance with Ihe United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United lQngdom Generally Accepted Accountlng Practice) and applicable law and regulations. The law applicable to charities requSres the trustees to prapare flnancial statements for each financlal year which give a true and fair view of the stale of affairs of the charity and of the incoming resources and application of resources of the charity for that period. In preparing these financi81 statements, the Irustees are required to: select suitable accounting policies and Ihen apply them consistently, observe the methods and prlnciples in the Charities SORP: make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; state whether appllcable accounts'ng standards have been followed, subject to any materfal prepare the financi81 statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that Ihe charity will continue in business. The trustees are iesponsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure that the flnancial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006, the applicable Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations, and the provisions of Ihe constitution. The truslees are also responsible for safe9uarding the assets of the charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and oth8r irregularities. Structure, Governance and Management Goveming document Carnbridge Ethnic Community Forum is a company limited by guarantee with charitable status which is governed by a memorandum and articles of association. Appointment of trustees Trustees are appointed through electlons held at the AGM. Outside the AGM, If there is a need for new trustees. this is done through a process of co-option and bs approved by a majority Vote of existing trustees on the board. Trustee induction and training The trustees are currently reviewing the Pr(edureS in place for truste¢ induction and training by reference to guidance published by the Charity Commission.
Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum Charity registration number Report of the Trustees 1086241 Organisalional structure The charty has a board of Irustees who meet two monthly and are responsible for its strategic direction and policy, A Chief Execulive Officer 15 appointed by the trustees to manage the day to day operations of the charity. In Planning their activities for the year, the trustees have kept in mind the Charity Commission's guidance on public bènefit at thelr trustèe meetings. Risk management The trustees actively review the major risks whlch the charity faces on a regular basls and bell8ve thal malntainlng reserves at cuffent levels, combined wilh an annual review of the contro15 ov&r key financial systems will provide sufficient resources in the event of adverse conditions. The trustees have also examined other operational and business risks faced by the charity and confirm that they have established systems to mitigate the significant risks. Objectlves and Activlties The charity Is a voluntary organlsaton, an 'umbrella group, for all the 81ack and Mlnority Ethnic groups in Cambridge and outlylng villaqes. Ils main aims are.. The promotion of racial harmony and equal opportunity withln the city. To ralse concerns and issues of member groups and Indivlduals in partnership with the Black and Minorlty Ethnic groups, local ststutory agencies and other voluntary groups and national organisations such as the Equality and Human Rights Commission. To provlde support to victims of racial harassment and discrfminatlon and ralse thg issue of racism with various agenci&s. Achlovements and Performance A review of the achievements and performance of the charity durlng the year are contained in our impact report presented at the AGM. Flnanclal Review A revlew of the charitys financlal performance during the year is contained In the annual report. Reserves policy The trustees are aware that the unrestrlcted reseNes are below the Charity Commission guldance and are actively looking at ways in which this can be addressed. £10,000 unrestricted funds have been designated specificalty tr)wards a redundancy fund in line wlth our reserves policy. Any other unrestrlcted carrled forward are general funds that are available for use at th8 Truste8s discretion for contingency or unforeseen expenditure.
Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum Charity reglstration number Report of the Trustees 1086241 Future Devalopments A review of the charitys future developments is contained in the annual report. The above report has been prepared in accordance with the small companies regime of the Companies Act 2006. It was approved by tha trustees on £>Lsand signed on their behalf. As-J4J£ kn. Trustee
Cambridge Ethnlc Community Forum Independent Examlnerfs Report to the trustees of Cambridge Ethnic Communlty Forum I report on the accounts of the charity for the year ended 31 March 2025 which are set out on pages 6 to 14. Responslbllitles and basis of reporl As th6 charity's trustees of the Company (who are also the directors of the company for the purposes of company law), you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 (Ihe 2006 Act"). Havlng satisfied myself that the accounts of the Company are not required lo be audited for this year und8r Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examinatlon, I report in respect of my examination of your charitys accounts as carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 ("the 2011 Act"). In carrying out my examination, I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission (under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act. Independent examlnerfs statement I have completed my examination. I confirm that no material matters have come to my attention which gives me cause lo believe that: accounting records were not kept In accordance with section 386 of the Companies Act 2006,. or the accounts do not accord with such rgcord8', or the accounts do not cornply with relevant accounting requirements under section 396 of the Companies Act 2006 other than any requirement that the accounts give a 'true and faSr' view whlch is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination., or the accounls have not been prepared in accordance with the Charitles SORP {FRS102). I have no concerns and have come across no other matt8rs In connectlon wlth the examlnatlon to whlch attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached. Gery Eves FCCA Association of Chartered Certlfied Accountants Fairway Tax and Accounting Limited Chartered Certified Accountants 11C Alma Road King's Lynn PE31 7NY OLJDk 2025
Cambridge Ethnlc Community Forum Statement of Financlal A¢tlvitie5 for thè year ended 31 March 202S Nots¥ UNe5tric Funds Restricted Funds Total 2025 Totsl 2024 Charitable trading income Investment income 1438 243.733 246.171 257,988 113 Tolal Income 3,226 246.959 258,101 Expendlture on: Charil4bl$ activili Tolol expendlture 44.637 244.637 . 222.8581 261.140 222.856 Nol movement In funds 13.277 14.181 35,245 R¥¢on¢lll•llon of funds Total lund8 brcMJghl foN4ard Transl•rs between lunds 39.914 15,9231 27.918 5,923 67,830 32,585 Tol81 lunds corrfed fowrd Al of Ih? th8rlVs a¢llvlti68 dÈrfv• (rcffj cmtlnuing oper8tion¥ durlrwJ the above i*x> perf¢)J8. The funds br•akdown tr 2026 b¥ In rtol• 11.
Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum Charity reglstration number 1086241 Balance Sheet as at 31 March 2025 Notes 2025 2024 Fixed a8set8 Tanglble assets Current assets Other current assets Cash at bank and in hand 1,000 67,434 68.434 59.376 59,376 Credltors: amounls falllng due within one year 10 (5,72n (604) Net ¢urrent assets 53,649 67,830 Net assets 53.649 67,830 Funds of the charlty: unStrICted Restricted 20,714 32,935 39,914 27.916 Total funds 53,649 67,830 Number 10 Average number of employees Number The dSrectors are satisfied that the company is entilled to exemption fr¢)m the requirement to obtain an audit under section 477 of the Companles Act 2006. The members have not required the company to obtain an 8udit in accordance wlth section 476 of the Act. The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 with respect to accounting records and the preparation of accounts. The accounts have been prepared in accordance wlth the speclal provlslons applicable to companies subject lo the small companies regime. The financial statements on pages 6 to 14 were approved by the trustees, and authorised for issue on i& and signed on their behalf by: Trust88
Cambrldge Ethnic Comrnunlty Forum Notes to the Accounts for Iha year ended 31 Mah 2025 1 Accounting policies ststement of Compliance The financial statements have been pr¢par8d in CordanCe wllh AeLxunllro and Rewrting by Charluas: Slalemenl of Recommended Pracliee 8pplicable to Charities preparfng their accounts in accordan with the Financial Reporiing Stsndar(18pplicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effectsve l January 2019) - (Charitiès SORP IFRS 10211. the Finandal Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland IFRS 1021 and the Companies Act 2006. Bas1$ of Preparatlon Cambridge Ethnic Community Fonjm meets the definiiion of a public bènefit entity under FRS 102. Assets and liabilities are initsally recognised as historlcal cost transactm value unless otheiSe stated In tha relevant accounllng policy notes. Exemptlon from praparlng a cash flow $tstèm•nt The charity opled to early adopt Bullelln 1 published on 2 February 2016 and have ther6for8 not Includ8d a cash OW 5talement in Ihe$è financial slatsments. Income and èndowments Voluntary income Including donations, glfts, legacies and granls that provlde core fvrKling or are of a general nature is récognised when Ihe charily has entitlement lo the income. It is probable that the Income will be receNed an(J the amount Can ba m8asur8d wllh sufficient rellablllty. Oonatlon$ and legacles Donations and legaoios are recognised on a reGeivable basis wthen recelpt IÈ probable end the amount can be rellably measured. Invg$tment Incomo Interest on funds held on deposit 15 Jded when rKeivable and Ihe amount can be m8a¥ured reliably by the charlty- Ihls is normally upon noblkallon of the interest paid or payable by ihe bank. DNidends aro rev)9ni5ed once the divklend has b&&n declared ond noufication h9$ béen recelved of Ihe dividend due. Expondlturn All expendllure is reeognise¢J once thèr6 is 8 legal or conslruclive obligation to that expenditure, il 59 probable that the selllement is requlied and tha amounl can be measured reliably. AJI costs arè all¢xaled lo tho applicable expendilyre heading that 8ggreg8le simllar costs lo Ihal category. Wher¢ costs cannot b8 directly attribuled lo particular headlngs they have been allocaled on a basis conslsl8nl wth the us8 of resources, with ¢¢ntral stsff cosis all¢xaled on Ihe basis of time spent, and deprecbalion charg&s allocated ¢)n Ihe p¢)rtion of lh& assevs use. Olher support costs are allocated based on the spread of slaff cosis. Charitable actlvities Cfvarilable expen¢Jilure comprfses those cosis lTrxrred by tho charily in the delwery of its aot89 and setvices for ils benefl¢iaries. It Includes both eosts that can bg thredy alloc*led to Sh act6vliles an(1 th089 costs of an indlrect nature necessary 10 5UPPOrt them. Governance costs These includ¢ Iho costs ettributsble to the ¢hwlV$ c¢)mplance conslitullon81 and stglutory reqUeMents, Including audiL strategiG management Iruslees. meetir4Js and reimbursed expanses. Tanglble fixed assets Indlvldual fixed assets coslng t1.00 or mor6 ar& r9C[ded at cost, less any subsequent accumulated depreclation and subsequent accwnulated impaimient l¢)sses. Dgpreciatlon and amortlsation Depreciatlon Is provided on tsfigible fixed assets so as to write off the cos1 or valuallon.18ss any eslirnated resldual value. gver Iheir expected useful economi¢ life as lollow5- A6Sèt e De Office equlpmenl elatlon rnethod and rate in yearof purchase
Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum Notss to the Accounts for thB year onded 31 March 2025 Cash and cash equlvalents Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on Iwnd and call deposits. and other short-lenn hwhly Ilquld investments that are readily convertlbl¢ to 8 known annI of cash and are subjacf lo an Inslgnificant risk of change In value. Fund accounting Restriclod funds ar8 to be used for the sp8cifigd purposes lald down by the donor. Expendlluw for those purposes 18 charged to the fund, tC*Jelher with a falr alkxalion of ovethead and support costs. Designated funds are Un$tCted fund$, whKh have been dosignaled for special purposes by the Tru$lee8. Unrestricted lunds are donatlons and other incorr4ng resources recel¥ed or 98neraled for expondilure on the o8neral objects of the charily. Flnan¢lal instrum•nts Clas$inGOtlon FlnancSal assets and financial liabl111 afy recogni88d %then the charity becomes a party to the ¢onlracbJal provlsions of the instrument. Flnancial Ilabllilles and equlty instrumènts are cla3sifted accordlng lo th8 substance of the ¢ontra¢ttJal arrangements entered Into. An eqully inslrumenl Is any contrad that evldgn¢es a resldual Interest in the assets of the charlty after deductlng all of Its liabllities. Recognltlon and measurement AJI financlal assets and Ilabilitses sre inltlally measured al tran3actk)n price (including transa¢Uon costs), 8x¢epl for those Ilnancial assets classlfled as al fair value ihrough profil or loss, which aro initiglly measured al lair value Iwhlch is normally the Irans8¢1ion price excluding Iransactron costs), unless the arrdng8menl conAlilules financing Iransactlon. If an arrang¢rnenl ¢onstllules a financing transaclion, the financial ass81 or financial liablllly is m$asured al lh¢ pre$&nl value ol the futuro paymonls discounted al a market rate of interest for a $lmllar debt inslrumenl. FlnanGlal 8s&ets 8nd1Sablllli05 are only offset In the Slalement of1Snanclal position when. and only when there exlsts a legally enforceable rl9hl 10 8el off the rgcc#Jnls8d amounls and the charlly Intsnds ellhor lo $etU8 on o nel basls. or to reallse th¢ asset and $8ttle the Ilablllty 8imutt8neousty. Financial assets ore der&cogni88d when and only vthen al the conlroclual rfghls lo Ihè cash flows from the flnanclal asset explre or are sellled, b} the ¢harily transfers io another party subsianlially all of ihè risks and rewords of ownership of tho flnanclal 88891, or c) the charity. de5plle havlng retained sthmè. bul not all. signincant risk6 8nd rewards of ownership, has Iranslerred control of Ihe as5el lo anolher party. Financial Ilabiliues are derecoynised Y en Ihe obllgalion spe¢ified in the contracl is di8¢harged, cancell¢d or expires. Investments Investments In non-cx)nvertlble preferen¢e shares 8rKI nonlIable ordinary or preference share5 Iwhere shar8$ ar8 publiGly Imded or their falr valu6 Is roliably rn988urablol are measurèd al fair valua through prof(1 or loss. Wher9 falr value cannol be measurnd reliaw. inveslments are measured al c061 legs impalmenL Inveslmenis in subsidiaries and assoclales are measured al co$t1oss imparrmenl. Fcff Inve¥tmgnts in subsidiarles acquired for consideratton Including the issue of shares qu81ilying for merger roller, cost Is measured by referencg lo the nominal value of the 8hare5 1?5ued plus fair value of olher Gon3ideTrllon. Any prn)urn Is Ignored. Fair value measurement The be81 evldence of falr value is a quol¢d price for an idenlical asset in an active markeL When quoled prices are unavailable, the prlce of a rec8nl Iransadion lor an identical asset provides evidence of fair valuo as long as there has nol been a significant change in economio circumstances or a significant lapse of limg slnce tha Iransaclion look pla¢e. If th8 markel Is not actlve an(J recent transactions ol an Klontlcal ass8t on their own a not a o)od estimate of falr value. the fair value is e$'mal¢d by using a valuation lechnique. Penslons The charily contributes lo rnon•y purchase, defined Contr1xOn schenx8, on behalf of its employees. No liabilily exists in respert of penslons other than monlhly conirÈbubon$ th which is included wlhin creditors.
Cambridge Ethnlc Community Forum Notes to the Accounts for the year ended 31 March 2025 2 Charltsble trading Income unrestrted Funds Restricted Fund6 Total 2025 Total 2024 Cambridge ATd Cambridge City Council CECF CHESS ESEA Relugee Services Unlled with Ukrair Cambridge Community Foundation Heallhler Futures Rch Oul Comic Relièf- Volce4Change Univarsily of Cambritlg8 Untold Stories Saflron Proje¢l Refugee Hardship Fund Lloyds Bank Found8lion Grani Vislon Hoiizon Mk%cellaneous 3.155 3.155 4,850 34.322 9.000 500 64,457 4.338 34,322 9,000 500 64.457 4.338 33,337 7,000 31.220 8,667 26,373 26.373 26.373 10,000 10.5(J) 10.500 4,950 764 1.424 4.950 764 1,424 50.000 79,718 6,823 83.950 83.950 2.438 2,438 243.733 246.171 257.988 Thg total income from charflable aGtivits8 was £246,171 {2024 - £257,968) of whlch £2.43812024- £50.8131 was unfeslrlclod and £243,733 (2024- £204,175) Wds T95tricted. Cambridge Ethnic Community Forum Combridgeshlre Human Rights & Equality Support Service East & Soulheasl Asian Nefftrk in Cambridge CECF CHESS ESEA 3 Intrn•nt Sn¢omo Unrestrkt•d Funds R•5trl¢tèd Funds Total 2025 Total 2024 Inler¢8t recolvable and simltar wma", Gro$$ bank interest 788 113 113 Thé totsl inveslm&nl income was £788 (2024- £113) olwhich £788 (2024- £113) was unr88tricted and £NS1 (2024. £Nill was reslrlcled. 4 Exp¢ndlture on ¢harilable actlvltios Unrestricted Funds Reslrfcted Funds Total 2025 Total 2024 Govemance and support Costs 16.503 16.503 244.637 244,637 261,140 261.140 222,856 222.856 10
Cambridge Ethnlc Community Forum Notes to the Accounts for the ar ended 31 Mar¢h 2025 5 Analysls of gov•rnan¢e and support co$ts Unr•strfcted Funds Reslriet8d Funds Total 2025 Total 2024 AGM Board m&81ings Accounllng sofiware Independent examineis fees Insurance IT support Marketing Membgrships and subscrlpuor Miscellaneou5 Payroll admlnistratton Phol¢xopler1oase Professlonal fees Prole¢t specifi¢ expens88 R¢nl Salarles Staff loan Staff Iralnlng Si3ff travelling expen88S Stationery, prlnling and postage Telephone Volunteers, expense8 131 45 15 925 300 108 601 2.593 3.158 221 383 376 2,017 725 1,056 345 123 686 2.971 3.607 221 429 408 2.272 834 829 512 672 2,791 3,407 260 353 535 2,182 697 2,552 17,343 12,000 175,410 500 920 539 509 381 378 449 46 32 255 109 818 1,475 1f.342 12,271 10.525 206.472 13.089 12,000 217,814 1.175 30 54 1,022 1,426 667 314 533 2.197 1,456 721 378 533 16.503 244.637 261,140 222,856 The total expenditUTe on govemance and support costs was £261.14012024 - £222,856) 01 sthl¢h £16.503 {2024 - £29,090) wos unoslrlcted and £244,637 {2024- £193,766) wa$ restricted. 6 staff costs The averag8 number of staff employ¢d durhg the ye8r was: Totsl 2025 Tolal 2024 Avorage number of gmploy8•8 10 Staff Gosts inc4uded In Ihe flnanclal stalements are brokon down a6: Totsl 2025 Total 2024 Wages 8nd $818rie$ Social securlty C08ts Employ8rfs pgnsion conlribLrtlons 204,873 10,568 2.373 217,814 164.810 7,447 2,153 175.410 No 8mploy#9s recelving employee benefits (excluding empfoygr pension cos15} received m(Ke than £60,(M)O in Ihe curffjnl year.
Cambrldge Ethnic Community Forum Notes to the Accounts for the year ended 31 March 2025 7 Tanglble flxed ass•ts Equipment Totsl Cost Al 1 Aprll 2024 Addlllons at cost Disposals al cosl At 31 March 2025 27,1 1,413 27,190 1,413 28,603 28.603 Dépreclatlon Al 1 April 2024 Charge for th8 year Elimlnaled on dlsposals Al 31 March 2025 27,190 1.413 27,190 1.413 28.603 28,603 Net book valu• At 1 April 2024 At 31 March 2025 8 Othor Gurrent assets 21)25 2024 Other debtors 1,000 9 Cash at bank and In hond 202S 2024 Cash al bank and In hand $9,376 59.376 67,434 40 Credltors: amounts falling duè wlthln one year 2025 2024 Olhor credltors Accrualo S,127 600 182) 686 12
Cambridge Ethnic Communlty Forum Notes to the Accounts for the year onded 31 March 2025 11 Funds Balance at 0110412024 Incom9 Balance at 3110312025 Expendltur• Transfers Unrestricted funds General funds Designated funds 29.914 10.000 39.914 (16,5031 15.9231 10,714 10.000 3.226 16,5031 Raslrlcted funds.. Cambrtdge Aid Cambridgt Cly Coundl CECF CHESS ESEA Rofugee SeJvl¢es United with Ukralng Cambrldge Cornmunlty Foundallon Heallhler Fulures Reach Out Comic Reli8f- Volce4Chang6 CECF Cri515 Fund Unlversily of Cambrtdgo Untold Stsrtes Saffron ProS8¢1 Nallonal Lott8ry- V151on Hortzon Refugee Hardship Fund 200 3.155 {3,355) 34.322 136,1291 (12,203) 15001 {65.3321 {5,f24) 1.807 3,203 875 64.457 4.338 786 22,887 26.373 129,679} 19.581 10.500 10,500 274 1,352 (1,2051 127 (4,5151 17641 183,616) [2.215) 435 586 2,016 83.950 1.424 920 1,225 27,916 243,733 (244,6371 5,923 32,935 Total lunds 67.830 246.959 261.140 53,649 Balance al 0110412023 Balance al 3110312024 Income Expondltur• Tran8fgrs Unreslricled n8 General Tunds De$lgnat8d funds 12,891 10.000 22.891 53.926 (29.0} {7.813) 29.914 10,000 53.926 129.0901 Restdcled fund$'. CAmbridge Md Cambrldg8 Clty Coun¢ll CECF CHESS Refugge Setvl¢es United wSlh Ukralng Cambridge Community Foundation Healthier Futurès Reach Out CECF Crisis Fu1 Cambridge Sustsinable Food Lloyds Bank Foundalion Grant N81ional Lottery. Vision Horizon Refu9ee Hardshlp Fund 4,850 (4.6481 (2) 200 33.337 (35,092) (11,497} 132,9801 192301 1.755 4,497 2.635 31,220 8,667 875 583 26.373 10,000 1,000 (3,486) (10,0001 15551 11.0591 11,3411 {79,132) (4.746) 22,887 1.059 1.248 1,352 93 79.718 2.010 4,752 2,Off6 9.694 204,175 (193,7661 7,813 27,916 Total funds 32.585 258.101 67,830 13
Cambridge Ethnic Communlty Forum Notes to the Accounts for the year ended 31 March 2025 estrl tÈd funds The reslrlcte(I funds are raised for these projects and are consolklated in th8 financial slatements. Unrestrl¢tsd Fundg Restrlcted Funds Total Fixed assets Currenl assets Currant Ilabili11è8 23,216 36.160 59,376 5,727 53,649 20,716 32,933 12 Liablllty of the mèmbors Tho charlly is lknlied by guarantee. In Ihe event ol thg charity bow wound up, iho IlaL¥llty of Ihè mernba Ig limlled 10£1. 14