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2022-03-31-accounts

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED (A company limited by guarantee)

DIRECTORS’ AND TRUSTEES’ REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

Company No: 03990786 Charity No: 1082635

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

DIRECTORS’ AND TRUSTEES’ REPORT

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

The trustees who are also directors of the charity for the purposes of the Companies Act 2006, present their report with the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 March 2022. The trustees have adopted the provisions of Charities Act 2011, the Companies Act 2006, the Memorandum and Articles of Association, and Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their financial statements in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019).

OUR PURPOSE AND ACTIVITIES

Objectives and Aims of the Charity

The principal object of ATA is to improve the education and health and relieve the poverty of the people of Asia. This is to be achieved through training and the use of low environmental impact appropriate technologies. The trustees interpret this to mean that ATA exists to place in the hands of the marginalised and vulnerable skills and technology that they can appropriate to break free from social, economic and environmental poverty.

Objectives, Strategies and Activities for the FY 2021/22

The objectives of the charity continue to be broadly the same as set through strategic planning. The implementation of plans to adapt training to take into account Covid-19 restrictions have largely been successful – initial constraints have been resolved and coverage of activities is once again to levels anticipated. This has enabled ATA to increase coverage once again and with this our plans for long term sustainability. ATA continues to enjoy good relations remain with beneficiary groups as well as with other stakeholders, like local government.

Climate change was an additional focus for the year with project staff looking at new ways in which project activities and training can promote more climate resilience for beneficiaries. With ever changing weather patterns and the impact this has on traditional livelihoods this work started as a means to inform the direction of future work and work practices.

Our Aims Our Objectives for the Year Our Strategies and Activities for the
Year
To work in isolated and
ecologically fragile areas
of Asia with vulnerable
and marginalised people		 1. To continue work already started in India
and Nepal.
2. To begin new projects as funding becomes
available in new and existing geographic
locations.		 •To maintain the offices and projects in
India and Nepal.
As part of our direct charitable activities:
•Training in development of staff –
particularly around the challenges of
climate change
•To undertake activities ongoing from
previous years and to start those
activities that form part of new projects
for which funding has been secured
•Monitor and Evaluate projects and use
the results for future programmes.
•Incorporate a realistic environmental
impact mitigation scheme into all
programmes.
•Continue research for new donors to
help secure funding for new projects
To provide training and
infrastructural
support
through
the
use
of
appropriate
and
environmentally
sustainable technologies
to meet basic needs.		 1. To continue project work focussed on
providing training and infrastructural support
to improve livelihoods for beneficiaries in all
current ATA project locations.
2. To develop skills of the local programme
staff to enable them to operate with a
greater degree of independence.
To ensure that all project
activities factor in their
impact
on
climate
change
and
where
possible to ensure that
this is mitigated as part
of a net zero policy		 1. To Ensure that each project takes into
account its environmental impact and has
some form of scheme to mitigate any
impact.
2. To develop simple schemes that can also
act as educational tools for staff and
beneficiaries to enable them to understand
the environmental impact of activities and
development.

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

DIRECTORS’ AND TRUSTEES’ REPORT (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

Achievements

Our work over the past 12 months has, continued to focus on addressing the basic rights of our communities to sustainable and dignified access to food, shelter, water and education. Skill development and farmer to farmer led extension has been the main way in which we have achieved our goals. Involving communities in the design and implementation of projects has empowered communities to participate more in their own development. By focussing on the consolidation of skills and techniques and technologies introduced in previous years, we have been able to reach more people. Training has been undertaken in a formal and informal context and the adaptations required as a result of Covid-19 have been successfully implemented. As with last year, this has been a major achievement and projects are being implemented at pre-Covid-19 levels. The innovative methods adapted during Covid-19 quarantine periods continue to be used and as another major achievement have meant that periods of time spent with beneficiaries in villages has increased our dissemination of training, skills and knowledge. Across our project sites, the number of direct and indirect beneficiaries who have benefitted from our activities have increased. Our work has highlighted the increasing need for our projects to ensure all of our work takes into account the need to develop strategies and ways of working which have at their core the sustainable use of natural resources.

In order to assess how successful, we have been in meeting our aims, we have established a range of methods to measure our achievements. These are designed to form an integral part of our work as much as possible and included things such as recording the number of people our projects have assisted, using the project monitoring and evaluation procedures to survey beneficiaries and users to allow feedback, ensuring that internal reports are completed in a timely fashion and include quantitative as well as qualitative data. Our projects reflect not only the need of our beneficiary communities, but also the circumstances within which they are implemented. Conditions for beneficiaries are harsh, choices and limited and everyday things, such as food production, are marginal. This all means changes are considered high risk and what we do reflects this. Ata continues to actively demonstrate anything new. This has become increasingly important as we focus on activities which are very new and where beneficiaries have no immediate frame of reference. This is expected to be the case over the next several years as our projects focus on trying to ensure climate resilience for our beneficiaries. It is a major achievement that in the past 12 months, demonstration of new technologies in 2 village locations enabled us to replicate the technologies across a further 12 villages. The willingness of any community to embrace a new technology, or at least be open to a demonstration, is an important way in which ATA measures its success and achievements.

The emphasis on immediate improvements for health and hygiene as well as increasing food production opportunities and energy for fuel continued to dominate the achievements for the year. These achievements also enabled ATA to introduce further opportunities for beneficiaries in the form of training and skills development. Working on a household level has benefitted project outcomes as it has enabled more in-depth learning and retention of skills – over time this has also the potential to increase dissemination. ATA strives to enable the poorest people to benefit from every activity we undertake and will continue to do this – whether this is helping communities grow more food which is also more nutrient dense and/or of higher value if sold or by introducing technologies which promote use of waste to convert to energy to reduce the impact on the natural environment.

Public benefit statement

In shaping our objectives for the year and planning our activities, the trustees have considered the Charity Commission’s guidance on public benefit, including the guidance ‘public benefit: running a charity (PD2). The achievements and activities above demonstrate the public benefit arising through the Charity’s activities.

FINANCIAL REVIEW

The Statement of Financial Activities showed net surplus of £21,492 (2021 – £67,389) for the year and reserves stand at £110,919 (2021 - £89,427). The financial position at the year revealed by the Balance Sheet on page 8 shows net current assets or working capital of £110,919 (2021 – £89,427).

Principle funding sources

Funding for ATA projects comes from 3 main sources, institutional donors, trusts (based in the UK and Europe) and individuals. ATA enjoys relationships with trusts who have contributed towards our projects overseas for a number of years with a small number of new trusts supporting our work each year. This has helped our support base to widen and increase our ability to financially plan more effectively.

Investment powers and policy

The Trust Deed authorises the Trustees to make and hold investments using the general funds of the charity. The trustees have the power to invest in any way that they see fit.

ATA’s investment policy has as its main objective the obligation to increase the value of its investments by way of a portfolio consistent with the charity’s legal powers. In achieving this, ATA seeks to follow an investment strategy that precludes investing in any company whose activities have an adverse impact on the underlying beneficiaries of the charity or in companies whose business operations conflict with or detract from the objects of the charity. In addition, ATA aims to invest in such a way that the principles of socially responsible investment are promoted.

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

DIRECTORS’ AND TRUSTEES’ REPORT (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

Future Activities

Broadly speaking there have been no changes to what the trustees feel ATA should be focusing its work on, so In line with strategic planning, and to reflect the ongoing nature of some of ATA’s projects. ATA Trustees have agreed that activities should continue to focus in the following areas, but trustees have initiated the incorporation of climate resilience as an underlying theme to all activities undertaken. Any intervention, will however, remain essentially within the scope identified below, but the way in which activities will be delivered will be adopted and adjusted as deemed appropriate.

Activities Detail
Food Security •New Agriculture techniques for the promotion of sustainable agriculture practices, for increased food
security without increased soil degradation and increased soil and water conservation in agriculture
•Improved livestock and livestock management – to include stall feeding and ways to alleviate female
labour burdens
•Passive solar techniques for agriculture and food preservation
•Beekeeping
•Diversification of food production
•Food preservation
•Provision of seeds for planting – fruit and vegetable seeds as well as seeds for fodder and saplings.
This is usually accompanied by basic training
•Water for agricultural and food processing use–including irrigation and mills
Education and
Livelihoods		 •Adult education to promote literacy– particularly to use materials and techniques which promote the
environment, health, increased food security and more sustainable agriculture practices
•Training and Capacity building for all beneficiaries to build skills and knowledge and to enable
replication of activities undertaken
•Vocational Training – especially for girls/young women which focuses on providing skills which can
enhance livelihoods. As part of this process the formation of women’s groups will also be facilitated
and training and support provided to ensure sustainability.
•Labour reducing technologies for women
Health and
Environment		 •Safe drinking water to facilitate a reduction in water borne diseases, diarrhoea especially amongst
the very young and very old and improve basic hygiene practices
•Women’s health networks to provide a forum for discussion of gender related issues such as gender
rights, domestic violence etc as well as to provide training in health and hygiene related matters.
•Biogas Plants
•Improved stoves where biogas plants are not possible, for cooking and space heating as a way to
reduce respiratory problems associated with smoke inhalation
•Provision of and Improved sanitation facilities to areas where dysentery is currently a major problem.
This is likely to be a combination of pit latrines, bathrooms and twin pit toilets as a method of
improving sanitation and hygiene.
•Small health camps and training programmes in rural areas where no health facilities exist.
• Climate changeresilience

Reserves policy

The Board of Appropriate Technology Asia recognises the need to establish and maintain sufficient reserves to protect its current activities and to ensure the continuity of service in the future. With its chief executive, the Board has examined the needs, risks and challenges faced by the organisation in both the short and medium terms along with the relevant financial forecasts. It is the policy of ATA to develop fundraising to enable ATA to accumulate and maintain sufficient reserves to meet any statutory commitments. In line with this, ATA has started to put aside funds to build up reserves and has put aside 10% of its unrestricted funds balance for this purpose. The last year has meant adding to this has not been possible.

As at the year end financial statements showed reserves of £110,919 (2021 - £89,427), of which £61,276 (2021 - £50,057) was restricted. The unrestricted funds not designated or invested in tangible fixed assets held by the charity are £49,643 (2021 - £39,370).

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

DIRECTORS’ AND TRUSTEES’ REPORT (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT

Governing document

Appropriate Technology Asia Limited (ATA) is registered as a company limited by guarantee and not having a capital divided by shares.

The company was incorporated on 11[th] May 2000 and commenced its activities in October 2000. The charity registration number is 1082635 and the company registration number is 03990786.

Recruitment and appointment of Trustees

As set out in the Articles of Association the chair of the trustees is nominated by ATA. The Directors of the organisation are also the charity trustees for the purposes of charity law. The Board of Trustees have power to appoint additional Trustees as it considers fit to do so.

The Trustees have no beneficial interest in the company other than as members. The Trustees are also the directors of the company. All of the Trustees are members of the company and guarantee to contribute £1 in event of winding up. The Board has the power to appoint additional Directors.

Trustee induction and training

Trustees have received no new formal training over the past 12 months. Time has been focussed on the review of formats and methods of reporting to make this more accessible and informal training in the programme administration – including reviews and developments of policies where this was considered appropriate.

Organisational Structure

The organisation strives to have a dynamic structure that allows the day-to-day running of the organisation to be as streamline as possible. This includes diverse roles and responsibilities amongst key members of staff and flexibility in how working hours are spread across any given period. This increases the organisation’s ability to respond to developing situations as well as enable trustees to determine where best to allocate resources as and when required. The chief executive works closely with trustees to ensure flexibility and trustees review the structure on a frequent basis to ensure effectiveness. Covid-19 has demonstrated that working from home is possible in certain contexts and staff have been encouraged to continue this practice where it is deemed possible to do so. This is largely undertaken for administrative purposes only as project work requires staff to be on site. This approach, while not reducing the resource requirement, has meant that productivity levels amongst staff remain high and sickness absence very low.

The board of trustees is still seeking to expand the board over the longer term.

Related parties

The charity does not have relationships with related parties and other charities and organisations with which it co-operates in pursuit of its charitable objectives.

Risk Management

The trustees have a risk management strategy which comprises:

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

DIRECTORS’ AND TRUSTEES’ REPORT (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS Company Number: 03990786 Charity Number: 1082635 Directors and Trustees: Dr. Sunil Kumar – Chair Mr. David Sharples – Treasurer Mr. Kevin Nunan Ms. Josiane Tallon Secretary: Kevin Nunan Senior Management Team: Alexandra Jones – Chief Executive David Hooper – Chief Executive Registered Office: 93 Tabernacle Street, London EC2A 4BA Independent Examiner: David Terry FCA, Ramon Lee Ltd, 93 Tabernacle Street, London EC2A 4BA Bankers: National Westminster Bank Plc., 30 King Street, Gravesend, Kent DA12 2XX

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS AND TRUSTEES’ RESPONSIBILITIES

The Trustees (who are also directors of Appropriate Technology Asia for the purposes of company law) are responsible for preparing the Trustees’ Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice) including Financial Reporting Standard 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland"..

Company law requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company and of the incoming resources and application of resources, including the income and expenditure for that period.

In preparing these financial statements, the Trustees are required to:

The Trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charitable company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charitable company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The trustees are responsible for maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the charitable company’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

This report has been prepared in accordance with the special provisions relating to small companies within Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006.

APPROVAL

This report was approved by the Board and signed on its behalf by:

KEVIN NUNAN SECRETARY

16 December 2022

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INDEPENDENT EXAMINER’S REPORT TO THE TRUSTEES OF

APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED (A company limited by guarantee)

I report on the accounts of the charitable company for the year ended 31 March 2022.

This report is made solely to the charity's trustees, as a body, in accordance with the Charities Act 2011. My work has been undertaken so that I might state to the charity's trustees those matters I am required to state to them in an independent examiner’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, I do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charity and the charity's trustees as a body, for my Independent Examination, for this report, or for the opinions I have formed.

Respective responsibilities and basis of report

As the charity’s trustees of the Company (who are also the directors of the company for the purposes of company law), you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 (“the 2006 Act”).

Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the Company are not required to be audited for this year under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of your charity’s accounts as carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 (“the 2011 Act”). In carrying out my examination, I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission (under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act.

Independent examiner's statement

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no material matters have come to my attention which gives me cause to believe that:

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

DAVID TERRY FCA RAMON LEE LTD 93 TABERNACLE STREET LONDON EC2A 4BA

16 December 2022

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

SUMMARY INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT

Notes
Unrestricted
Funds
£
Income
Donations
2
48,784
Income from charitable activities
3
-
Income from trading activities
4
-
Total income
48,784
Expenditure
Cost of raising funds
5
2,622
Expenditure on charitable activities
5
35,889
Total expenditure
38,511
Net income/(expenditure) and net
movement in funds for the year
10,273
Reconciliation of funds
Total funds, brought forward
39,370
Total funds, carried forward
49,643		 Restricted
Funds
£
-
93,758
-
93,758
-
82,539
82,539
11,219
50,057
61,276		 Total
2022
Total
2021
£
£
48,784
79,541
93,758
76,829
-
5,405
142,542
161,775
2,622
2,354
118,428
92,032
121,050
94,386
21,492
67,389
89,427
22,038
110,919
89,427

CONTINUING OPERATIONS

None of the company’s activities were discontinued during the above two financial years.

TOTAL RECOGNISED GAINS AND LOSSES

The company has no recognised gains or losses other than the above movement in funds for the above two financial years.

The notes on pages 9 to 15 form part of these accounts

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 MARCH 2022

Notes
£
Current assets
Debtors
10
566
Cash at bank and in hand
121,920
122,486
Liabilities
Creditors falling due with in one year
11
(11,567)
Net current assets
Net assets
The funds of the charity
Unrestricted funds
12
Restricted funds
12
Total charity funds		 2022
£
£
4,700
91,756
96,456
(7,029)
110,919
110,919
49,643
61,276
110,919		 2021
£
89,427
89,427
39,370
50,057
89,427

For the financial period ended 31 March 2022 the company was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 Companies Act 2006. No member of the company has deposited a notice, pursuant to section 476, requiring an audit of these financial statements under the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for:

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies’ regime within Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006.

These accounts were approved by the Board of Trustees on 16 December 2022 and were signed on its behalf by:

……………………………………… KEVIN NUNAN (TRUSTEE)

……………………………………… SUNIL KUMAR (TRUSTEE)

Company No: 03990786

The notes on pages 9 to 15 form part of these accounts

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1.1 Basis of preparation of accounts

The financial statements of the charitable company, which is a public benefit under FRS 102, have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) ‘Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their financial statements in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019)’, Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland’ and the Companies Act 2006.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention with items recognised at cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant note(s) to these accounts.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

1.2 Preparation of accounts on a going concern basis

The charity’s financial statements show net surplus of £21,492 (2021 – £67,389) for the year and free reserves of £49,643 (2021 - £39,370) as at the year end. The trustees are of the view that these results and fundraising plans for the future have secured the immediate future of the charity for the next 12 to 18 months and on this basis the charity is a going concern.

1.3 Income recognition

All income is included in the consolidated SOFA when the charity is legally entitled to it, receipt is probable and the amount can be measured with sufficient reliability.

Grant income

Grants are credited to the SOFA when the charity is entitled to the funds. Income is only deferred where there are time constraints imposed by the donor or if the funding is performance related.

Where entitlement to grants receivable is dependent upon fulfilment of conditions within the charity’s control, the income is recognised when there is sufficient evidence that conditions will be met.

Grants supporting the core activities of the charity and with no specific restrictions placed upon their use are included within donations and legacies. Grants that have specific restrictions placed upon their use are included within income from charitable activities.

Donations and legacies

Donations are recognised in the period in which they are received. Legacy income is recognised when the charity’s entitlement is judged to be probable and where the amount can be reliably measured.

1.4 Volunteers and donated services and facilities

Donated professional services and donated facilities are recognised as income when the charity has control over the item, any conditions associated with the donated item have been met, the receipt of economic benefit from the use by the charity of the item is probable and that economic benefit can be measured reliably. In accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102), the general volunteer time is not recognised. No such contributions were received during the year.

On receipt, donated professional services and donated facilities are recognised on the basis of the value of the gift to the charity which is the amount the charity would have been willing to pay to obtain services or facilities of equivalent economic benefit on the open market; a corresponding amount is then recognised in expenditure in the period of receipt. No such contributions were received during the year.

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

1.5 Expenditure recognition and irrecoverable VAT

Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to make a payment to a third party, it is probable that settlement will be required and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.

Expenditure is classified under the following activity headings:

Irrecoverable VAT is charged as a cost against the activity for which the expenditure was incurred.

1.6 Allocation of support costs

Support costs are those functions that assist the work of the charity but do not directly undertake charitable activities. Support costs include back office costs, finance and administration personnel, payroll and governance costs which support the charity’s programmes and activities. These costs have been allocated between cost of raising funds and expenditure on charitable activities. The basis on which support costs have been allocated are set out in note 5.

1.7 Funds structure

The general fund comprises those monies, which may be used toward meeting the charitable objectives of the company at the discretion of the Management Board.

The restricted funds are monies raised for, and their use restricted to, a specific purpose or donations subject to donor imposed conditions.

1.8 Debtors

Trade and other debtors are recognised at the settlement amount due after any trade discount offered. Prepayments are valued at the amount prepaid net of any trade discounts due.

1.9 Cash at bank and in hand

Cash at bank and in hand includes cash and short term cash deposits.

1.10 Creditors and provisions

Creditors and provisions are recognised where the charity has a present obligation resulting from a past event that will probably result in the transfer of funds to a third party and the amount due to settle the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably. Creditors and provisions are normally recognised at their settlement amount after allowing for any trade discounts due.

1.11 Financial instruments

The charity only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial instruments. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently measured at their settlement value with the exception of bank loans which are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

1.12 Foreign currency transactions

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the rate ruling at the date of the transaction. All differences are taken to the Statement of Financial Activities.

1.13 Taxation

The charity is a registered charity and, therefore, is not liable for Income Tax or Corporation Tax on income derived from its charitable activities, as it falls within the various exemptions available to registered charities.

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APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

1.14 Judgement and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the charity is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

1.15 Cash flow statement

The charitable company qualifies as a small company and advantage has been taken of the exemption provided by SORP (FRS 102) as amended by Bulletin 1, not to prepare a cash flow statement.

2. DONATIONS

Unrestricted
Funds
Restricted
Funds
Total
2022
£
£
£
Bryan Guinness Charitable Trust
-
-
-
Roughley Trust
22,500
-
22,500
HMRC Job Retention Scheme grant
19,249
-
19,249
Other grants and donations (less than
£2,500)
7,035
-
7,035
48,784
-
48,784
The donations in 2021 totalling £79,541 were all attributed to unrestricted funds.
NCOME FROM CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES
Unresricted
Funds
Restricted
Funds
Total
2022
£
£
£
Education and Livelihoods
LAdT (Genève)
-
19,507
19,507
Allan and Nesta Fergusson Trust
-
-
-
-
19,507
19,507
Health and Environment
LAdT (Geneve)
-
19,066
19,066
Bryan Guinness Charitable Trust
-
5,000
5,000
Open Gate Trust
-
5,000
5,000
Souter Charitable Trust
-
5,000
5,000
State of Guernsey
-
9,185
9,185
Other donations (less than £2,500)
-
1,800
1,800
-
45,051
45,051
Food Security
LAdT (Geneve)
-
29,200
29,200
State of Guernsey
-
-
-
-
29,200
29,200
-
93,758
93,758		 Total
2021
£
5,000
25,000
43,110
6,431
79,541
Total
2021
£
9,049
10,000
19,049
29,691
-
-
5,000
-
1,500
36,191
6,296
15,293
21,589
76,829

The donations in 2021 totalling £79,541 were all attributed to unrestricted funds.

3. INCOME FROM CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES

Income from charitable activities in 2021 totalling £76,829 was all attributed to restricted funds.

11

DocuSign Envelope ID: 205B137F-6A12-4E45-8AD8-B8A1B2D214FADocuSign Envelope ID: 8BAC4337-EE60-4806-B0B1-B2703A02AE73

APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

4. INCOME FROM TRADING ACTIVITIES

LAdT (Genève) Unrestricted
Funds
£
-
-		 Restricted
Funds
£
-
-		 Total
2022
Total
2021
£
£
-
5,405
-
5,405

Income from trading activities in 2021 totalling £5,405 was all attributed to unrestricted funds.

5. ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURE

Project costs
Project implementation costs
Travel and motor expenses
Premises costs
Fundraising costs
Support costs (Note 6)
Governance costs (Note 6)		 Raising
Funds
£
-
-
-
-
2,608
14
-		 Education
and
Livelihoods
£
8,665
13,439
249
1,875
-
1,364
1,347		 Health and
Environment
£
10,930
24,401
440
3,706
-
6,594
1,942
48,013		 Food
Security
£
14,957
19,958
413
2,252
-
4,148
1,748		 Total
2022
£
34,552
57,798
1,102
7,833
2,608
12,120
5,037		 Total
2021
£
15,042
55,483
60
7,803
2,047
9,154
4,797
2,622 26,939 43,476 121,050 94,386

Of the £121,050 expenditure in 2022 (2021 - £94,386), £38,511 was charged to unrestricted funds (2021 - £54,345) and £82,539 to restricted funds (2021 - £40,041).

6. SUPPORT COSTS

The charity initially identifies the costs of its support functions. It then identifies those costs which relate to the governance function. Governance costs and other support costs are apportioned separately between the charity’s key activities undertaken (see note 5) in the year. Refer to the table below for the basis for apportionment and the analysis of support and governance costs.

Basis of
Apportionment
General
Support
£
£
General office and finance staff
Staff time
6,911
Communication and IT costs
Usage
944
Legal and professional costs
Usage
3,853
Bank charges & exchange differences
Usage
412
Independent examiner's fees
Usage
-
12,120		 Governance
Function
£
2,144
-
13
-
2,880		 Total
2022
£
9,055
944
3,866
412
2,880		 Total
2021
£
8,637
794
1,736
144
2,640
5,037 17,157 13,951

12

DocuSign Envelope ID: 205B137F-6A12-4E45-8AD8-B8A1B2D214FADocuSign Envelope ID: 8BAC4337-EE60-4806-B0B1-B2703A02AE73

APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

7. NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE) FOR THE YEAR

Net movement in funds is shown after charging:
Independent examiner's fees		 2022
£
2,880		 2021
£
2,640

8. ANALYSIS OF STAFF COSTS, TRUSTEES REMUNERATION AND EXPENSES, AND COST OF KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL

STAFF COSTS
Salaries - UK
Salaries - Non UK
Social security		 2022
£
46,981
22,443
37
69,461		 2021
£
45,492
19,720
-
65,212

No employee had employee benefits in excess of £60,000 (2021 - £Nil).

No Trustee received any remuneration during the year (2021 - £Nil). No Trustees received reimbursed expenses during the year (2021 - £Nil).

The key management personnel of the charity comprise the joint Chief Executives. The total employee benefits of the key management personnel of the charity were £50,981 (2021 - £49,340).

9. STAFF NUMBERS

The average monthly head count was 16 staff (2021- 15 staff) and the average monthly number of full-time equivalent employees (including casual and part-time staff) during the year were as follows:

Charitable work
Support staff
10. DEBTORS: Amounts falling due within one year
Other debtors
11. CREDITORS: amounts falling due within one year
Other Creditors
Accruals		 2022
13
2.5
2022
£
566
566
2022
£
8,687
2,880
11,567		 2021
13
2.5
2021
£
4,700
4,700
2021
£
4,389
2,640
7,029

13

DocuSign Envelope ID: 205B137F-6A12-4E45-8AD8-B8A1B2D214FADocuSign Envelope ID: 8BAC4337-EE60-4806-B0B1-B2703A02AE73

APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY ASIA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS (Cont/d)

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2022

12. MOVEMENTS IN FUNDS

Balance at
01.04.2021
£
Restricted funds:
Education and Livelihood Projects
12,960
Health and Environment Projects
18,209
Food Security Projects
18,888
50,057
Unrestricted funds
General funds
39,370
Total funds
89,427
Movements in funds – previous year
Balance at
01.04.2020
£
Restricted funds:
Education and Livelihood Projects
271
Health and Environment Projects
3,015
Food Security Projects
9,983
13,269
Unrestricted funds
General funds
8,769
Total funds
22,038		 Income
£
19,507
45,051
29,200
93,758
48,784
142,542
Income
£
19,049
36,191
21,589
76,829
84,946
161,775		 Expenditure
£
14,311
36,805
31,423
82,539
38,511
121,050
Expenditure
£
6,360
20,997
12,684
40,041
54,345
94,386		 Balance at
31.03.2022
£
18,156
26,455
16,665
61,276
49,643
110,919
Balance at
31.03.2021
£
12,960
18,209
18,888
50,057
39,370
89,427

Description, nature and purpose of restricted funds:

Education and Livelihoods – Vocational and Skills training, literacy development, provision of education facilities including libraries. Training and Capacity Building of beneficiaries and development of opportunities for improved livelihoods.

Health and Environment – Provision of running water supplies and sanitation units for improved health. Health and Hygiene training. Biogas units and improved cook stoves for improved health, reduced environmental impact and development of more sustainable energy for cooking and heating. Training in renewable energy, health and the environment.

Food Security – development of agricultural units using passive solar technology. Improved health and development for livestock and agricultural development. Training in agricultural cultivation and sustainable agriculture for rural populations promoting self-reliance using environmental appropriate technologies for farming, water supplies, beekeeping and livestock development accompanied by training in these areas.

Description, nature and purpose of unrestricted funds:

General funds: General fund represents funds available to spend at the discretion of the Trustees.

14