RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
HUNTERS
Hunters Law LLP
9 New Square Lincoln's Inn
London WC2A 3QN
KKS.WVM.35490-1

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
CONTENTS
Page
Statement of the Trustees. Responsibilities
Trustees, Report
Independent Examinerfs Report
Statement of Financial Activities
Balance Sheet
10
Notes to the Accounts
11-15

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
STATEMENT OF TRUSTEES. RESPONSIBLITIES IN RESPECT OF THE ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
In accordance with the Charity Commission's Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and
Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (Charities SORP {FRS 102)). Accounting for Charities, The Foundation
trustees are responsible for preparing a trustees, annual report and financial statements in accordance
with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted
AGcounting Practice). The law applicable to charities in England and Wales requires the Foundation
trustees to prepare financial statements for each year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs
of the Foundation and of the incoming resources and application of resources, of the charity for that
period. In preparing the financial statements, the trustees are required to:
select suitable accounting policies and apply them consistently-
observe the methods and principles in the applicable Charities SORP.
make suitable judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent"
state whether applicable accounting standards and statements of recommended practice have been
followed subject to any material departures disclosed in the accounts" and
prepare the financial slatements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that
this basis applies.
The trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable
accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and to enable them to ensure that the financial
statements comply with the Charities Act 2011. the applicable Charities {Accounts and Reports)
Regulations, and the provisions of the Trust deed. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets
of the charity and taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The trustees are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the charity and financial information in
accordance with legislation in the United Kingdom goveming the preparation and dissemination of financial
statements.

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
TRUSTEES. REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Reference and Administratlve Detail
Charity registration number
1080021
Principal address
9 New Square
Lincoln's Inn
London WC2A 3QN
Trustees
Wilfrid Edward Vemor-miles
John Crosfield Vernor-miles
Independent Examiners
Burgess Hodgson LLP
Chartered Accountants
27 New Dover Road
Canterbury
Kent
CT1 3DN
Solicitors
Hunters Law LLP
9 New Square
Lincoln's Inn
London WC2A 3QN
Bankers
Child & Co
1 Fleet Street
London EC4Y 1 BD
Investment managers
Quilter Cheviot
Senator House
85 Queen Victoria Street
London EC4V 4AB
Pictet et Cie
Route des Acacias 60
1211 Geneva 73
Switzedand
Evelyn Partners Group Limited
45 Gresham Street
London EC2V 7BG

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
TRUSTEES. REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Structure Governance and Mana
ement
Governing document
The Trust (hereinafter called the "Foundation") was established by the Will dated 11th October 1994 and
Codicil dated 13th October 1997 of Ruth Elizabeth Smart (hereinafter called the "Testatrix") who died on
16th March 1999 and whose said Will and Codicil were proved in the Principal Registry of the Family
Division of the High Courl of Justice on 2nd June 1999. The trusts of the Foundation were amended by a
Charity Commission Scheme (hereinafter called -the Scheme") which caTne into effect on 11th August
2000.
Method of appointment of new trustees
The power of appointing new trustees is vested in the trustees.
Organisational structure of the charity
The trustees manage the Foundation generally and meet at least four times each year to take all decisions
necessary jointly with regard to the review of the Foundation's activities and achievement of objectives.
Certain day-to-day administrative tasks are delegated to the charity's legal and investment advisers and to
Wilfrid Vernor-miles who acts as Chairman of the Board of Trustees.
Volunteers
Aside from the trustees the Foundation receives no assistsnce from volunteers.
Wider Network
The Foundation acts indepenijenuy and is not part of a wider network.
Donations
The Foundation is not involved in fundraising or publicity and rarely receives donations, other than from the
Kinnoull Foundation with which the Ruth Smart Foundation shares an interest in ￿rtain charitable
beneficiaries.
Related Parties
The Foundation has no subsidiaries and is not connected with any other Foundation.
Risk policy
The trustees have a duty to identify and review the risks to which the Foundation is exposed and to ensure
appropriate controls are in place to provide reasonable assurance against fraud and error. At each trustees,
meeting any significant risks of the Foundation are discussed Where appropriate, risks are reported on
and discussed in subsequent meetings. The trustees have reviewed the risks to which the Foundation is
exposed and consider that they have established sufficient systems and Pro￿dureS lo mitigate those risks.

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
TRUSTEES. REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Ob
ectlves and Activities for the Publlc Beneflt
Objects and significant activities
The Foundation maintains an investrnent portfolio and operates as a grant making Foundation. The
Foundation is not involved in fundraising. The Foundation's governing documents provide that the trustees
shall apply "the income and all or such part or parts of the capital for or towards such charitable purposes
for the relief of the suffering of animals of any species who are in need of care and attention and towards
the Maintenan￿ of refuges, rescue homes. animal hospitals, sanctuaries and other facilities for the
reception and care of unwanted animals and the treatment of sick or ill-treated animals and to make
donations to such charitable institution or institutions whose purposes include any of the foregoing at such
time or times and in such manner as my Trustees may in their absolute discretion think fit provided that my
Trustees may in their absolute discretion for the period of twenty one years from the date of my death
instead of applying the income of the Trust Fund in the year accumulate all or any part of such income at
compound interest by investing the same and the resulting income in any authorised investment and hold
the same as an accretion to and as part of Ihe capitsl of the Trust Fund wilhout prejudice to their right lo
apply the whole or any part of such accurnulated income in any subsequenl year as if the same were
income of the Trust Fund arising in the then current yearf..
The Foundation's governing documents state that Monies liable to be invested under the trusts hereof may
be applied or invested in the purchase of or at interest upon the security of such shares, stock, funds,
securities. land, buildings, chattels or other inveslments or propety of whatsoever nature or wheresoever
(including the purchase of and making improvements, alterations, repairs and decorations to premises for
use in connection with the charitable purposes of these trusts) whether producing income or not and
whether involving liabilities or not or upon such personal credit with or without security as my Trustees shall
in their absolute discretion think fit to the intent that my Trustees shall have the same powers in all respects
as if they were absolute owners beneficially entitled"
The Testatrix was an American lady who married an Englishman. The Foundation's governing documents
record that, without fettering the trustees. absolute discretion, the Testatrix and her late husband were
primarily interested in those animals accustomed lo Ihe companionship of, and dependent for their welfare
upon, human beings.
The trustees, policy is therefore to concentrate upon charitable organisations which directly benefit
domestic animals in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. However, the trustees do not
limit support to these two countries or to domestic animals but are a150 interested in domestic animal,
conservation and wildlife organisations throughout Ihe world.
It is the policy of the trustee5 to respond to every appeal re￿ived. However, the trustees support a number
of charities on a regular basis and in practi￿ find that their income is fully committed and there is little, if
any, surplus income available for distribution in response to unsoliciled appeals. As well as the
geographical location and the charitable objeclives of an applicant, when considering applications for
funding the trustees concenlrate on the following factors=
(a) At existing levels of expendilure, how many years. reserves the appli(3nt's balance sheet shows.
(b) The long term prospects of Suc￿sS of the applicant's proposals.

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
TRUSTEES. REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
(c) The dependence of the applicant upon any single source (induding the Foundation) of future funding.
(d) The proportionate costs of administration and fundraising of the applicant.
(e) The degree of relevant infomiation disclosed in appeals and accounts material.
(f) The degree to which the trustees have been informed of progress made sin￿, and the use of
Foundation funds from. previous grants.
Public Benefit Staternent
The trustees consider that the Foundation's activities. as set out in its Objectives and Activities detailed
above, are for the public benefit. The trustees confirm that they have complied wilh their duty under s17(5)
of the Charities Act 2011 to have due regard io the gu1(jan￿ publlshed Dy Ihe cnarlty Commission for
England and Wales.
Achievements and Performance
Charitable activities
During the year to 31st December 2023 the Foundation received income from its investments of
£102,742.99 (£96,584.57 in 2022) and a donation of £56.306.31 (£56,024.29 in 2022) .The trustees made
charitable donations totalSing £159,546.98 (£163.444.42 in 2022) The largest donation was £20.109.40
and the smallest Was £1,608.75.
Investment Performance
The Foundation has professional investment advisers and brokers who generally manage the charity's
investments during the year, subject to the review of the trustees. After accounting for all investments sold
and purchased during the year, the value of the Foundation increased during the year by £332,180.54 (it
decreased by £1,046,603.29 in 2022) Therefore. having spent £114.418.40 (£121,111.61 in 2022) more
than the total income received during the year. the charity increased in value during the year by +5.390/0 (it
decreased by -14.51 /0 in 2022) to £6,497,348.31 (£6,165.167.77 in 2022).
Without accounting for total expenditure (including donations). the total retu￿ on the FoundatlOfl'5
investments during the year (including income and realised and unrealised gains and losses} was a credit
of £549.341.93 (decrease of £828,907.11 in 2022)- This equates to an overall increase in the value of the
Foundation of +8.91 % (decrease of -11.49 % in 2022) which is less favourable compared to the first of the
following relevant indices (being the one m05t relevant to the Foundation's portfolio structure)..
1.1.2023 to 31.12.2023
MSCI PIMFA Private Inveslor Global
MSCI UK Large companies
MSCI UK Large and Medium companies
+15.8%
+7.7%
+8.0¥0
Calculation of Realised gains and Losses
The average cost method has been used to calculate realised gains or losses on investment sales.

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
TRUSTEES. REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Financial Review
Reserves policy
The trustees consider it prudent that unrestricted reserves should be retained to produce an overall return
(including income and long-term capital appreciation) sufficient to maintain the current level of expendilure,
including donations and all expenses. The trustees are currently holding a reserve of £6,497,348.31.
Principal funding sources
The Foundation's income is derived mainly from its investment portfolios. All investment income is
accounted for when received. All income is received gross.
Investment policy and objectives
The Foundation's governing document places no restrictions on the discretion of the trustees in investing
the Foundation's assets.
It is the policy of the trustees to invest its funds in a mixture of bonds (Government-issued or corporate) and
worldwide equities (including collective investments) lo achieve a balanced return in the long term between
accumulated income and capital appreciation.
Aside from cash on deposit. the Foundation's financial investments are held by the Foundation's investment
advisers The trustees take advice from their investment advisers on their investmenl strategy and on all
investment decisions. The trustees must exercise care and skill when making investment decisions and
select investments that are right for the Foundation, including Ihe need to diversify the Foundalion's
investments. The investments are reviewed by correspondence at least four times a year and at each
trustees, meeting. Each review of the Foundation. investments includes a review of the investment
advisor's advice, how the Foundation's investments are performing and of the Servi￿ provided by the
Foundation's investment advisors.
The Foundation does not follow an ethical investment policy.
Future dèvelo
ments
The Trustees expect to be able to continue at approximately the same level of activity in 2024 as in
previous years. The Foundalion will continue to operate solely as a grant-making charity.

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
TRUSTEES. REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
We declare that in our capacity as the charity's trustees.
that we have approved the report above.
Wilfrid Edward Vernor-miles
John Crosfield Vernor
es

Independent Examiners Report to the Trustees of Ruth Smart Foundation
I report on the accounts of the Trust for the year ended 31 December 2023
Respective responsibilities of trustees and examiner
The charity's trustees are responsible for the preparation of the accounts. The charity's
trustees consider that an audit is not required forthis year under section 144(2) of the Charities
Act 2011 (the 2011 Act) and that an independent examination is needed.
It is my responsibility to-
examine the accounts under section 145 of the 2011 Act.
to follow the procedures laid down in the General Directions given by the Charity
Commissioner under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act,. and
to state whether particular matters have come to my attention.
Basis of independent examinerfs report
My examination was carried out in accordance with the General Directions given by the
Charity Commissioner. An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by
the charity and a comparison of the accounts presented with those records. It also includes
consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the accounts, and the seeking of
explanations from you as trustees con￿mIng any such matters. The procedures undertaken
do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit and, consequently no opinion
15 given as to whether the accounts present a 'true and fair view, and the report is limited to
those matters set out in the statement below.
Independent examinerts statement
In connection with my examinats"on, no matter has come to my attention:
which gives me reasonable cause to believe that, in any material respect, the
requirements:
(a)
(b)
to keep accounting records in accordance with seclion 130 of the 2011 Act., and
to prepare accounts which accord wrth the accounting records and to comply with
the accounting requirements of the 2011 Act have not been met.. or
to which, in my opinion. attention should be drawn in order to enable a proper
understanding of the accounts to be reached.
Colin Reid FCA
Burgess Hodgson LLP
Chartered Accountants
27 New Dover Road
Canterbury
Kent
CT1 3DN
September 2024

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
2023
2022
Notes
Incoming resources
Incomin9 resources from
generated funds
Investment Income
102,742.99
96,584.57
Donations Received
56,306.31
56, 024.29
Total incoming resources
159,049.30
152,608.86
Resources Expended
Investment Management cost
44.829.07
46,621.62
Charitable activities
Governance costs
Other resources expended
159.546.98
67.801.40
1.290.25
163.444.42
62.36g. 20
1,285.23
Total resources expended
273,467.70
273.720.47
Net incomingl(outgoing)
resources before other
recognised gainsl(losses)
(114,418.40) (121,111.61)
Realised and Unrealised Gains
Currency Exchange Gainsl(Losses)
441,205.51
5,393.43
(943, 037. 70)
17,546.02
Net movement in funds
332,180.54 (1,046,603.29)
Tolal funds brought forward
6,165,167.77
7,211,771.06
Total funds carried forward
6,497,348.31
6, 165,167.77
Please note that there are no Restricted or Endowment Funds

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2023
2023
2022
Notes
Fixed assets
Quoted stocks and shares
6.175.765.78
5,913,457.05
Total fixed assets
6,175,765.78
5,913,457.05
Current assets
Cash at bank
Debtors and prepayments
355,475.33
72.00
277,664.03
218.89
Total current assets
355,547.33
277, 882. 92
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
(33,964.80)
(26, 172. 20J
Net current assetsl (liabilities)
321,582.53
251,710.72
Net assets
6,497,348.31
6, 165,167.77
Unrestricted Funds
(Page 9)
6,497,348.31
6,165,167.77
-10-

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Basis of Preparation
Basis of Accountin
The accounts (financial slatements) have been prepared under the historical cost convention with
ilems recognised al cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant note{sl to
these account5. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Statement
of Recommended Practice= Accounting and Reporting by Charities preparing their account5 Iri
accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland
(FRS 102) issued on 16 July 2014 and the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the United
Kingdom and Republic of Ireland IFRS 102) and the Charities Act 2011.
Chan
e in Basis of Accountin
There has been no change to the accounting policies (valuation rules and methods of accounting)
since last year.
Chan
eto
vious Accounts
No Changes have been made to accounts for previous years.
Accounting Policies
Incoming resources are included in the Statement of Financial Activities (SoFA} when..
the charity becomes entitled to the resources-
the trustees are virtually certain they will receive the resources,. and
the monetary value can be measured with sufficient reliability.
Where incoming resources have related expenditure. the incoming resources and related
expenditure are reporled gross in the SOFA.
Grants and donations are only included in the SOFA when the charity has unconditional
entitlement to the resources.
Incoming resources from tax reclaims are included in the SOFA at the same ts.me as the income to
which they relate.
Investment income is included in the accounts when ￿ceivable.
Investment gains and losses include any gain or loss on ihe sale of investments and any gain or
loss resulting from revaluing the investments to market value at the end of ihe year.
Liabilities are recognised as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation Gommitting the
charity lo pay out resources.
Govemance costs include the cost of the preparation and examination of statutory accounts, the
cost of trustee meets'ngs and cost of any legal advice to the trustees on governance or
constitutional matters.

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Grants payable are paymenls made to third parties in the furtherance of the charitable objectives
of the trust. The grants are accounted for where eiiher the trustees have agreed to pay the grant
without condition and Ihe recipient has a reasonable expectation that they will receive the grant, or
any condition attaching to Ihe grant is outside the control of the trust.
2.10
Investments quoted on a recognised stock exchange are valued at market value at the year end.
2.11
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates
and assumptions that affect the amount reported. Accounting estimales and assumptions are
made concerning Ihe future and, by Iheir nature. will rarely equal the related actual outcome.
These estimates and judgements are continually reviewed and are based on experience and other
factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the
circumstances.
2.12
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are dassified according to the substance of the
contractual arrangement entered into.
Debtors and creditors with no stated interest rate and receivable or payable within one year are
recorded at transaction price. Any losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit and
loss account in other administrative expenses.
Loans and borrowings are initially recognised at transaction price induding transaction Gosts.
Subsequently. they are measured al amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less
impairment. If an arrangement constitutes a finance transaction it is measured at present value.
Investment Assets
2023
2022
Quoted investments
Market value brought forward
Additions
Disposals
Net realisedlunrealised investment gainsl {losses)
5.913,457.05
538,602.30
(717,499.08)
441,205.51
7,094, 773.13
707,670.29
(974,237.67)
(914,748. 70)
Investments Listed on a recognised stock exchange
6,175.765.78
5,913,457.05
Investments at Market Value
Comprised:.
2023
2022
Equities
Fixed Interest securities
5.333,845.04
841,920.74
5,104.819.86
808,637. 19
6,175,765.78
5,913,457.05
All investments are carried at their fair value. Investment in equities and fixed interest securities
are all traded in quoted public markets, primarily the London Stock Exchange. Holdings in
comtnon investmenl funds. unit trusts and openended investment companies are at the bid price.
The basis of fair value for quoted investments is equivalent to the market value. using the bid
price. Asset sales and purchases are recognised al the date of trade at cost (that is their
transaction value)_
-12-

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Chattels
2023
2022
Value brought forward
Disposals
Net realisedlunrealised investment gainsl (105ses)
48.189.00
(19,900.OOJ
(28,289.OOJ
Remaining value of chattels
During the previous year, the trustees disposed of the remaining chattels held as investments
since the settlor's death. At 31 December 2022. the book value of the chattels was reduced to
Cash account balances
2023
2022
Pictet Euro account
Pictet US Dollar account
Pictet GBP account
Pictet CHF account
Evelyn account
Quilter Cheviol Capital account
Quilter Cheviol Income account
Child & Co
Hunters client account
20.616.05
11.365.50
1.309.77
177.747.67
65,376.45
76.376.77
16,370.24
5,830. 72
3.49
162, 746.39
2,468.98
8,353. 65
15,361.45
35,324. 55
31204.56
277. 664. 03
2 683.12
355 475.33
Debtors and Prepayments
2023
2022
LSE - LEI Renewal fee 2023
Dividends Receivable
72.00
72.00
146.89
72.00
218.89
Creditors: Amounts Falling Due Within One Year
2023
2022
Legal, Secretarial and Administration Fees
Independent Examination Fees
32,974.80
990.00
25,297.20
875.00
33,964.
Transactions With Trustees
No Trustee is or has been entitled lo any fee or salary (2022 - NIL)_
No Trustees incurred or were reimbursed for travel expenses {2022 - NIL).
-13-

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
Wilfrid Vernor-miles was reimbursed expenses for a Trustees. meeting held during the year of
£148 ( NIL).
There were no transactions with Trustees or connected persons (2022 - NIL).
Wilfrid Vernor-miles is a Trustee of the Foundation and also a profit sharing Member of Hunters
Law LLP. Provision is included in the accounts for Hunters to receive fees of £55,457 plus VAT for
legal, secretarial and administration services.
Analysis of incoming Resources
2023
2022
Investment Income
Interest on Bonds, Gills & Loan Notes
Dividends on UK Equities
Foreign Savings Inlere5t
Dividends on European Equities
Dividends on US Equities
Interest on Bank Deposits
8,571.19
50.496.78
1.085.21
25,377.74
15,193.49
2,018.58
2,817.05
51.302.90
264. 14
29,109.34
12,943. 55
147.59
102 742.99
96 584.57
2023
2022
Donations Received
Kinnoull Foundation
56,306.31
56,024.29
Analysis of Resources Expended
2023
2022
Investment Management fees
Piclel
Quilter Cheviot
Evelyn
14.254.89
16.666.68
13,907.50
14,568.03
17,496. 76
14, 556.83
44,829.07
46,621.62
Charitable Activities
2023
2022
Animals Asia Foundation
Belize Zoo
Blue Marine Foundation
Brooke Hospital for Anima15
4.000.00
1,608.75
4,000.00
2.000.00
4,000.00
1,600.69
4,000.00
2,000.00
-14-

RUTH SMART FOUNDATION
NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
2023
2022
Clearwater Marine Aquarium
David Shepherd Wildlife
Durrell Wildlife Conservation
Endangered Species Protection Agency
Fauna & Flora International
Friends of Cotnmunity Animal Services
Hugs Foundation
Internalional Animal Rescue
Marine Conservation Society
Mauritian Wildlife Foundation
Middlebury Institute of Inlemational Studies
Monterey County SPCA
Muttville
Peace of Mind Dog Rescue
Pine Ridge Dog Sanctuary
Reef Conservation
Royal Veterinary College
San Francisco Zoo
Spay Neuter Imperative Project
The Shanti Project
Ventana Wildlife Society
Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust
Wildlife Conservation Society
Wonder Dog Rescue
Woddwide Veterinary Service
4,021.88
5,000.LKI
4.001. 74
5.000.00
2,000.00
4,000.00
10,000.00
3.201.39
4.000.00
10.000.00
3,217.50
2,000.00
2.000.00
2.000.00
12.000.00
9,652.51
20.109.40
4.021.88
7.239.38
2,000.00
2, 000.00
3, 000.00
12, 000.00
9,604.16
20, 008.68
2,401.04
7,203.12
2, 000.00
2, 000.00
3, 000.00
16, 006.94
2,401.04
6,402.78
18,407.98
3, 000.00
7,203. 12
4,001.74
3 000.00
163,444.42
4,000.00
16,087.52
2.413.13
6,435.01
18,500.64
3.000.00
7,239.38
3.000.00
159,546.98
Governance Costs
2023
2022
Independent Examination Fees
Legal, Secretarial and Administration Fees
Trustee Meeting Expenses
1,105.00
66,548.40
148.00
67 801.40
1,051.00
61,318.20
62,369. 20
Other Resources Expended
2023
2022
Bank Charges
Foreign Custody Charges
292.11
998.14
1.290.25
345.45
939.78
1285. 23
The Trust employed no staff during Ihe year ended 31 December 2023 {2022 - none).
-15-