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2023-12-31-accounts

Registered number: 03695486 Charity number: 1073464

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY ANNUAL REPORT

2023 n ——

www.bos.org.uk

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

CONTENTS

Page
Reference and administrative details of the charity, its Trustees and advisers 1
Trustees' report 2 - 24
Independent auditor's report on the financial statements 25 - 28
Statement of financial activities 29
Balance sheet 30
Statement of cash flows 31
Notes to the financial statements 32 - 46

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS OF THE CHARITY, ITS TRUSTEES AND ADVISERS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Trustees Dr Nikki Atack, President
Dr Simon Littlewood, Honorary Secretary
Dr Nigel Fox, Honorary Treasurer (demitted 31 December 2022)
Professor Grant McIntyre, Honorary Treasurer
Dr Jadbinder Seehra, Directorate of Clinical Governance (demitted 31 December
2023)
Dr Anshu Sood, Directorate of Clinical Practice (demitted 31 December 2023)
Dr Sally Walker, Directorate of Education
Dr Anjli Patel, Directorate of External Relations
Dr Trevor Hodge, Directorate of Professional Development (demitted 31 December
2023)
Prof Susan Cunningham, Directorate of Research (demitted 31 December 2023)
Dr Stephen Chadwick, Directorate of Clinical Governance (appointed 1 January
2024)
Dr Matthew Clover, Directorate of Clinical Practice (appointed 1 January 2024)
Dr Guy Deeming, Directorate of Professional Development (appointed 1 January
2024)
Dr Peter Mossey, Directorate of Research (appointed 1 January 2024)
Company registered
number
03695486
Charity registered
number
1073464
Registered office
12 Bridewell Place
London
EC4V 6AP
Independent auditor
Crowe U.K. LLP
R+ Building
2 Blagrave Street
Reading
Berkshire
RG1 1AZ
Bankers
HSBC
165 Fleet Street
London
EC4A 2DY
Solicitors
Lawyers for Doctors Limited
Broad Quay House
Prince Street
Bristol
BS1 4DJ

Page 1

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

The Trustees present their report and the financial statements of The British Orthodontic Society ("the BOS" or "the Society") for the year ended 31 December 2023.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in the notes to the financial statements and comply with the Charities Act 2022, the Companies Act 2006, the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the charitable company, and Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019).

Objectives and activities

Charitable objectives

The charitable objectives for which the charitable company was established are:

  1. to promote the study and practice of orthodontics;

  2. to maintain and improve professional standards in orthodontics; and

  3. to encourage research and education in orthodontics.

The board of trustees deem these to be as relevant today as when the charitable objectives were originally conceived.

Charitable Activities

In pursuance of its overall charitable objectives, the charitable company's principal activity is the dissemination of information as it relates to orthodontics. This is principally achieved in the following key ways:

Professional Development and Education

External Relations, Clinical Governance and Clinical Practice

Research

Page 2

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Objectives and activities (continued)

Indicators, Milestones and Benchmarks

In assessing the success of the charitable company in fulfilling its objectives, the Trustees monitor a range of measures of performance that includes the following:

External Relations, Clinical Governance and Clinical Practice

Professional Development and Education

Research

Public Benefit

The Trustees have taken The Charity Commission's general guidance on public benefit (contained within the publication "Charities and Public Benefit") into consideration in preparing their statements on public benefit contained within this trustees' annual report.

Benefits & Beneficiaries

In accordance with its charitable objectives, the Society aims to promote the study and practice of orthodontics, to maintain and improve professional standards in orthodontics, and to encourage research and education in orthodontics. In doing so, the BOS seeks to improve the quality of dental care for the benefit of patients. The charitable company's ultimate beneficiaries are therefore patients, and benefits to patients are provided through the advancement of knowledge, practice, and standards in the specialty.

Page 3

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Objectives and activities (continued)

Trustees' Assessment of Public Benefit

With regards the assessment of public benefit, the Trustees have resolved to focus on the following areas:

Grant Making Policy

The Society offers a range of prizes, awards, and grants, which are the overall responsibility of the Research Directorate.

The allocation of funds for prizes and awards is mediated through the Scholarship and Awards Committee. Awards are funded directly by the Society. In the past commercial companies sponsored a number of awards and this will be an area of opportunity to revisit in 2024 and beyond. Funding is also allocated for research projects through the British Orthodontic Society Foundation (BOSF), which funds research projects following open calls to the membership for grant submissions. The submissions are independently peer reviewed and this process is run via the Research Directorate.

Individual prizes and awards are governed by regulations approved by the Board of Trustees, and details of these regulations can be obtained upon application to the Society's offices and the BOS Website. There are now 17 awards and prizes made available each year by the Society. The awards and prizes have different requirements, ranging from presentation of clinical cases to essays to small research projects. The actual awards or prizes vary from certificates or medals to grants. Awards and prizes are advertised in the BOS News, by direct mailing to members and through the website. Over half the awards and prizes are aimed at the training grades in orthodontics.

The BOSF supports small to medium sized research projects and occasionally fellowships. Every year donation and gift aid income is received by BOSF from members of the Society and some funding is in the form of partnership grants (e.g. with Royal Colleges). Funds are allocated on a yearly basis for grants, which are invited from the research sector of the orthodontic community. The grant applications are screened to comply with BOSF regulations and are then sent to a panel of referees for assessment. The applications are sent to referees according to BOSF protocols and when the reports are returned, a final decision is made usually by the Director for Research and the BOSF chair (or another appointed member of the research committee if there is a conflict of interest for either of those individuals).

The BOS also supports audit projects throughout the year in practical terms - for instance by distributing surveys. Many of these audit projects (and others undertaken by the BOS members within a hospital environment) are published in an audit newsletter, the BOS Clinical Effectiveness Bulletin each year.

Page 4

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Objectives and activities (continued)

Combined, the BOSF and BOS have in the region of £500,000 of forward commitments in the support of historically awarded projects. One of the challenges for the Society over the next few years is to increase the quantum of donations in order to maintain this level of awards, grants and projects going forward

Volunteers

In addition to the Trustees, the charitable company is also reliant upon the major support given by members, who contribute significant amounts of their time in the delivery of charitable activities. The Trustees are unable to reliably quantify the amount of time that volunteers provide towards the work of the charitable company, but nevertheless they are very grateful for that help.

Relationships with Related Parties and Representation on Other Bodies

The Society does not currently pursue its charitable objectives through relationships with any related parties or by representation on other bodies.

Achievements and performance

1. External Relations, Clinical Governance and Clinical Practice

External Relations

2023 - Achievements

Liaised with both professional and consumer media to ensure that BOS's position and advice was accurately represented

2024 - Aims

The Clinical Governance Directorate (CGD)

Comprises the Ethics Committee, the Publications Committee, and the Audit Committee of the British Orthodontic Society. As ever, it was a busy year for all 3 committees

Director of governance: Stephen Chadwick

Group leads

Page 5

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Achievements and performance (continued)

Ethics and Standards Report

NS received an invitation from Shilpu Miah (Stakeholder Manager) at the GDC to attend one of their stakeholder events on exploring new ways of providing guidance and standards. He attended this on the 11th October 2023 on behalf of the BOS.

This meeting was a public sounding exercise for the GDCs new structure of their “standards” prior to having a formal consultation on them.

Stephen Chadwick and Nicky Stanford met with the GDC’s policy manager Kristen Botrell who is leading on their engagement exercise around their planned change to the professional standards. This process completed in April 2024 with a potential to go out to a formal consultation in October 2024. There will be a long lead into implementation following this.

The framework is mooted to have 3 main layer, principles of professionalism (less prescriptive e.g. “practice safely and effectively”), guidance (limited “must be followed” statements) and supporting material. There may be a role for the BOS in the provision of “supporting material” to this framework for Professionalism that the GDC is exploring.

This supporting material will signpost to external guidance to aid in dentists’ decision making. The extent of this is not yet agreed but may involve linking to guidance from the BOS.

The BOS needs to consider the guidance the BOS produces and whether some of it which is not public facing (e.g. the advice sheets) should be made more widely available in the future.

Board Meeting Report – Publications Committee

The Society produces 33 Advice Sheets

11 Advice sheets were reviewed and updated in 2023 4 Advice sheets require updating for 2024

Clinical Effectiveness Bulletin

Editor: Mr Robert Smyth (Oct 2022 to Oct 2025)

Adverse Incidents:

There have been no adverse incidents reported to the Society this calendar year.

Page 6

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Achievements and performance (continued)

Audit

Online survey reports:

Surveys distributed to BOS membership during 2023

We will continue to be selective in surveys to the society. Requests for access to the society membership list is through the audit committee and request must be made using the BOS format. Surveys are an important mechanism to record members views on a variety of issues but surveys cannot be too requested too often and Ann Wright very skilfully controls their frequency.

Page 7

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Achievements and performance (continued)

2. Professional Development and Education

Group/Meeting Date Held Venue No. Delegates No. Speakers
2 Day Virtual Advanced
Critical Appraisal		 9 – 10 January 2023 Virtual 28 1

TGG MOrth Study
Day		 25 January 2023 BOS HQ, London 33 7
TGG Morth Study Day 25 January 2023 Virtual 67 7
Practitioner Group
Study Day		 18 February 2023 Stratford Manor Hotel,
Stratford-upon-Avon		 57 7
CBCT Level 1 Online 22 February 2023 Zoom 57 2
CBCT Level 2 24 February 2023 RCS Edinburgh 10 2
CBCT Level 2 25 February 2023 RCS, Edinburgh 18 2
Consultant
Orthodontist Group
Symposium		 9 - 10 March 2023 Museum of Science &
Industry, Manchester		 115 11
PAR Training Course 14 April 2023 BOS HQ, London 21 2
IOTN Course 15 April 2023 BOS HQ, London 20 2
Pearls, Pitfalls &
Professional
Development for
Practitioners		 28 April 2023 BOS HQ, London 7 2
First Steps: Virtual
Critical Appraisal		 5 May 2023 Virtual 17 1
Orthodontic Therapist
National Training Day		 5 May 2023 MANDEC, Manchester 22 7
Virtual
Orthodontic
Therapist National
Training Day		 5 May 2023 Virtual 68 7
UTG Study Day
Virtual		 7 June 2023 Virtual 33 13
TGG ISFE Study
Day		 12 June 2023 Zoom 27 8
OSG Spring Meeting 17 June 2023 30 Euston Square,
London		 69 8
2 Day Advanced Critical
Appraisal Workshop		 27 - 28 July 2023 Zoom 11 1
So Now You’re an
Orthodontist		 8 September 2023 Zoom 22 8
Pre Conference Course –
State-of-the-
artrOrthodontic
Miniscrews
27 September 2023		 QE11 Centre, London 120 1
Pre Conference Course –
PAR Training
27 September 2023		 QE11 Centre, London 13 4
Orthodontic Miniscrews
Hands-on Workshop 1
28 September 2023		 QE11 Centre, London 30 1
Orthodontic Miniscrews
Hands-on Workshop 2
28 September 2023		 QE11 Centre, London 31 1

Page 8

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Achievements and performance (continued)

BOC 2023 28 – 30 September
2023		 QE11 Centre, London
So you want to be an
orthodontist?		 3 November 2023 Novotel, Leeds 37 9
So you want to be an
orthodontist?		 17 November 2023 BOS HQ, London 41 8
Advances in Dentistry 24 November 2023 MANDEC, Manchester 25 4
CBCT Level 1 Online 8 – 29 November
2023		 Online 33 3
CBCT Level 2a 1 December 2023 St Bride’s Foundation,
London		 20 2
CBCT Level 2a 2 December 2023 BOS HQ, London 13 2
PAR Course 8 December 2023 BOS HQ, London 8 4
IOTN Course 9 December 2023 BOS HQ, London 18 42
Critical Appraisal: First
Steps		 11 December 2023 Zoom 6 1

The Conference in 2023 was held in London 28 – 30th September 2023 at the QEII Centre in Westminster. Attendance was excellent and feedback on organisation was rated as 85% excellent/very good (97% excellent/very good/good) and content 79% excellent/very good (97% excellent/very good/good). Again, the conference was hybrid with the online version remains popular during the conference after which the BOC delegates can continue to view the content online.

The 2024 Conference will be held Birmingham on 16 – 18th October 2024.

The Society is the main provider for orthodontic CPD in the United Kingdom. For continued GDC registration, compliance with GDC set verifiable CPD levels is a statutory requirement for dentists, orthodontists and Dental Care Professionals (Dental Nurses, Hygienists, Therapists and Technicians).

The Education Committee review the feedback from all the courses they organise and ensure that the findings are relayed to the speakers. At the Education Committee meeting following any course, the feedback and reflection are discussed, and decisions made as whether to repeat a course and whether changes to the content or format are required.

Through its 1 and 2-day courses, the Education Committee tries as far as possible to cater for the interests of the whole orthodontic team. The BOS runs dedicated sessions within the main BOC programme for orthodontic nurses and orthodontic therapists, as well as arranging courses and online learning for them through the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). Each constituent Group of the Society also runs its own meetings for educational purposes. There were over 30 meetings organsied by the Society and held at BOS head office and other locations in the UK

Virtual Learning Environment (VLE)

The BOS continues to fund VLE, administered by the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. This provides a variety of CPD activities for all members of the orthodontic team.

For Orthodontic trainees there are two programmes, the National Orthodontic Programme (NOP) designed for ST1-3 trainees on the MOrth programme and the post-CCST area for ST4-5 trainees. There is also a dedicated DCP area, as well as a general members' area.

During 2022, the Education Committee published the new module for the NOP on aligner therapyin the VLE in

Page 9

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Achievements and performance (continued)

  1. The committee has also been working on new VLE modules for both DCPs and new specialty trainees on orthodontic photography, impression-taking and digital scanning. A new module for DCPs on managing patients with additional needs was also finalised, as well as a new module on shared decision-making for all members of the orthodontic team. It is expected all new modules will be published and available on the VLE in 2024.

ProDental

All BOS members have free access as part of their membership fee to ProDental CPD which provides core CPD as specified by the GDC.

Other educational events

During 2023, the Education Committee delivered a varied and interesting programme of face-to-face, hybrid and virtual educational events suitable for all members of the orthodontic team.

The committee continued the strong collaboration with the British Society of Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology to enhance the established portfolio of bespoke courses for orthodontists on cone beam CT (CBCT). This course started of in 2 parts. The first part (Level 1) consists of a series of virtual asynchronous lectures providing core training, followed by a synchronous virtual Q&A session with the course presenters at the end of the viewing window. The second part (Level 2a) is a face-to-face course involving manipulation of CBCT images. The course has proved hugely popular with members: the level 1 course was run twice during 2023and the level 2a course was delivered 4 times. The collaboration has led to the development of a targeted level 2b course to develop skills in the reporting of dental CBCTs specifically for the orthodontic specialty.

The Society continued to deliver its own IOTN and PAR training courses during 2023. These courses have proved extremely popular with both BOS and ONG members.

The national virtual post-CCST seminar programme has grown in strength during 2023 with positive feedback on each event. The Education Committee has co-opted a member of the Training Grades Group onto the committee to ensure continued successful delivery of the programme.

Critical appraisal courses continued to be delivered on a virtual basis during 2023. This format is welcomed by the post-CCST trainees for whom these courses are primarily targeted, and feedback is always very positive. These courses will continue to be delivered on a virtual basis in future.

For dentists with a special interest in orthodontics, the sixth instalment of the ‘Pearls, pitfalls and professional development’ series of courses begun in 2019 was delivered in April 2023. The Society is keen to continue to support dentists with a special interest in orthodontics in developing their skills and knowledge. Further events for the Practitioner Group in future will be developed based on feedback from the group.

For DCPs, the ever-popular National Orthodontic Therapy Training Day was run again during 2023 and delivered on a hybrid basis, allowing both in-person and virtual attendance. This format was extremely well-received by delegates and feedback was extremely positive. It is intended to continue with the hybrid format in future. The Society remains committed to providing CPD for DCPs.

Page 10

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Achievements and performance (continued)

3. Research

The Directorate of Research is one of six directorates to cover the range of activities within the British Orthodontic Society.

The British Orthodontic Society Foundation (BOSF)

The BOSF aims to raise money, principally from Society members, to support the highest standards of research in orthodontics. Continued good quality research remains a strong focus for the Society and existing projects - total commitment is listed in brackets - which continued to be funded through the BOSF during 2023 were:

  1. Hanieh Javidi (£243,113) Does Orthodontics improve Oral Health-related Quality of Life? This is a joint BOSF/RCS Fellowship to encourage young researchers who wish to undertake research careers and usually funds research at PhD level.

  2. Jad Seehra et al. (£53,983) Management of Impacted permanent maxillary central incisors.

  3. Peter Day et al. (£75,000) The impact of premature extraction of primary teeth on orthodontic treatment need in a longitudinal birth cohort.

  4. Jayne Harrison et al. (£49,011) A randomised, controlled trial to assess the effect of different modes of fluoride delivery on enamel demineralisation, during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.

  5. Andrew DiBiase et al (£47,673): Does orthodontic treatment have an effect on peer relationships, behaviours and bullying in school children?

  6. Peter Mossey et al. (£99,082): Fixed versus conventional removable twin block for overjet reduction in children - a randomised clinical trial to investigate the burden of care.

  7. Ninu Paul et al. (£5,200) A qualitative study of orthognathic MDT clinics across England.

  8. Jennifer Haworth et al. (£14,950) The use of digital wafer technology in orthognathic surgery.

  9. Philip Benson and Jayne Harrison (£52,637) UK orthodontic specialty trainees: Exploring career expectations, motivations and aspirations: A qualitative study.

  10. Farnaz Parvizi et al. (£28,475) The Effect of Patient Complaints on the Well-being of the Orthodontic Workforce.

  11. Trishna Patel et al. (£11,081.08) Patient experience of intraoral scanning versus alginate impressions in orthodontics: a randomised controlled crossover trial.

  12. Daniel Stonehouse-Smith et al. (£36,652.12) Analysing the cellular mechanisms of cleft palate. This is a joint BOSF/RCS Fellowship to encourage young researchers who wish to undertake research careers and usually funds research at PhD level.

  13. Farooq Ahmed et al. (£58,593) A randomised clinical trial investigating duration of orthodontic alignment using Dental MonitoringTM-scheduled appointment interva

During 2023, it was agreed that the following new projects would be funded:

  1. Sophie Barber et al. (£37,025.20). Young people’s and general dental practitioners’ experiences of orthodontic extractions in the UK: a qualitative study. Deferred until January 2025.

  2. Ninu Paul et al. Global patient’s sentiments about undergoing orthognathic surgery. £30,371.49 Started 2024

  3. Peter Mossey et al. Fixed versus conventional removable twinblock RCT: burden of care, Part II. £30,371.49. Started 2024

Page 11

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Achievements and performance (continued)

Scholarship and Awards (S&A) 2023

Scholarship and Awards (S & A) aims to encourage the pursuit of excellence in research and clinical care through our prizes.

There are regular reviews as to the entry criteria and eligibility for scholarships and awards to ensure changes in external regulations are adopted

Chapman Prize Fidaa Wazwaz
Geoffrey Fletcher Prize Julian Woolley
Laurence Usiskin Student Elective Prize Ibrahim Rana
Maurice Berman, Clinical excellence Sunil Hirani
BOS Clinical Audit Prize
2023		 1. 1st prize – Leonie Seager, Oliver Bowyer,
Alastair Chadwick, Philip Barton, Anish Patel,
Marie Tindall, Fiona Hawkins, Kurt Finnigan, Paul
Dowsing, John Scholey, Jinesh Shah, Karen
Juggins, Nadia Ahmed, Omar Yaqoob, Inderjit
Shargill
2. 2nd prize – Gursharan Minhas,Elizabeth
Crawford, Sana Luqmani,
S Wu
3. 3rd prize – Suhavibir Singh, Gursharan
Minhas, Nigel Taylor, Sukhraj Grewal
Research Poster Prize Jadbinder Seehra
Clinical Effectiveness Poster Prize
sponsored by Align Technology		 Claudy Henein
Aspiring Orthodontist Poster
Prize sponsored by TOC		 Hannelie Edgar
Multimedia Patient Information prize Laura Ewbank
BOS UTG prize Judged at BOC 1. Urooj Iqbal
2. Kelly Smorthit
3. Dharmika Tailor
Houston Postgraduate Research Scholar Gurdeep Hans
Research Protocol Award sponsored by
JJ Thompson		 Jonathan Shelswell
JJ Thompson Rep
JO SAGE Scientific Paper of the Year
2023		 Jenifer Jopson_et al_
M’Orth Cases prize and BOS M’Orth
medal		 1. Zahraa Ahmad
2 Deirdre Coffey
3. Kelly Smorthit
PG Cases Prize Sian Mulligan
Parmdeep Dhillon
J K Williams (IM’Orth) Medal Queenie Ong
William Houston (RCSEd) Medal Trishna Patel
Against The Odds Prize Georgina Cartwright
BOS Award to a Dental Care
Professional for Distinguished Service		 Tamiley Morris

Journal of Orthodontics (JOR)

There was a change of Editor-in-Chief in 2023 when Professor Martyn Cobourne (King's College, London) handed over to Jayne Harrison.

Page 12

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Achievements and performance (continued)

Impact Factor

The Journal received its first 2-year Impact Factor: 1.3 in 2023 and the Journal’s CiteScore increased by 43% to 2.000.

Submissions

The Journal of Orthodontics published four print issues in 2023 alongside 2 NXT book, digital issues of the September and December issues and a supplementary issue to mark the 50th anniversary of the first issue of the Journal of Orthodontics.

There were 155 new manuscript submissions and 82 revised submissions in 2023. Manuscripts originated from UK (25), India (21), Brazil (16), Italy (7), Iran (7), USA (5) and 28 other countries. The acceptance rate was 30.3%.

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Number of submissions 151 261 182 162 155

Public Benefit

During 2023, the Trustees gathered the following evidence that demonstrates to their satisfaction that the Society continues to benefit the public through its activities targeted to achieve its charitable objectives: There were a significant number of emails and telephone calls to the BOS from members of the public during 2023. Most of these were responded to within 24-48 hours. The head office team covered the following issues, amongst many others:

The Society has put considerable resources into continually monitoring the website in order that it is more userfriendly and provides a comprehensive range of information for both the public and members. The enhancements, redesign and relaunch of the website in 2023 should all go to improving the customer experience.

Page 13

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Financial review

Market Review of 2023

Global financial markets confounded gloomy expectations in 2023. Stocks rallied, and bonds reversed heavy losses made early in the year as recession fears were replaced by growing confidence that US policymakers would achieve an economic soft landing. Many major share indices recorded double-digit gains during the year, helped by a strong rally in November and December as falling inflation made traders more hopeful of an interest rate cut in 2024. Britain’s FTSE 100 lagged behind the global rally, though, gaining less than 4% in 2023.

However, global interest rates remained high as central banks around the world wrestled to tackle inflation. Indeed the Bank of England base rate rose to 5.25%, the highest rate seen since 2009. The Fed rose rates even higher to 5.50%.

Higher interest rates usually create challenging times for equity markets as the cost of borrowing increases. However, in 2023 solid consumer spending and strong corporate earnings in the USA continued to bolster stock prices even as higher interest rates persisted. Although the Fed delayed planned interest rate cuts, certain equity market segments continue to thrive. The picture was different in the UK where the FTSE 100 did not have a great year in 2023, when it rose 3.8%, held back by a stagnating economy and volatile political climate. Germany’s DAX rose nearly 20% and the French CAC40, 16.4%

Investments Policy & Performance

The Trustees are empowered to invest the surplus funds of the Society as they see fit. In practice, the Trustees have appointed Quilter Cheviot as the Society's investment managers, to administer and advise on the Society's investment portfolio and all surplus funds are invested through them.

The investment managers are under instructions to grow the portfolio to a sufficient size to be in the position to fund scholarships and larger research studies. There are no restrictions placed by the Trustees on the nature of investments to be held, but the investment managers are expected to balance the type of investments to achieve a medium risk profile. The Trustees discuss and decide annually on the level of investment once the free reserves of the Society are confirmed following the audit of the financial statements.

In practice, Quilter Cheviot (“QC”) run a charity specific fund, namely the Global Income and Growth Fund for Charities. After a challenging 2022 which saw a -11% performance, the fund generated a positive return of 11% in 2023 putting it into the 1st quartile. The GBP Allocation 60-80% Equity was lower at just over 8%, again emphasising the stronger return generated by QC

Page 14

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Risk return

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Courtesy of the Financial Times
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Overall, gains on the Society's investments amounted to £92,659 versus a loss in 2022 £-269,331. After a challenging 2022 performance, in which many investors suffered from very poor returns, it is pleasing to report this more positive improvement by the portfolio manager.

We continue to monitor the fund's performance on a regular basis. We speak and meet regularly with the relationship and portfolio managers at Quilter Cheviot to ensure the Society's best financial interests are being maintained. As of July 2024, the BOS holds £1.481M of liquid assets which is more than sufficient to continue its charitable activities into 2024 and the years beyond.

A total of £200,000 was withdrawn from the main investment fund in December 2023, partly to cover the cost of supporting and funding ongoing BOS and BOSF research; and partly to provide the Society with sufficient cash flow/working capital until March 2024 and the start of the next membership year fee inflows.

Recognition of expenditure

Historically, within the annual trustees report, the BOS had treated forward committed expenditure made on research in two clear ways, firstly by listing the awards in full within the narrative, which clearly showed the total contracted liability taken on by the Society. Additionally, the total expense incurred and paid out by the BOS and BOSF in any given accounting year was entered as a line item within the profit and loss account.

On taking expert advice from our auditors Crowe, with reference to Charities SORP (FRS 102) and observing other similarly focused medical charities, the Treasurer and BOS senior management have agreed that as a charity the BOS should now recognise its total estimated forward liabilities with reference to research within the balance sheet from 2023 onwards. Note this has also led to the BOS making prior year adjustments to the accounts for 2022 and 2021.

accounts for 2022 and 2021.
As restated
2023 2022
£ £
Grants payable
Opening balance at 1 January 2023 (restated) 439,200 438,513
Granted during the year 55,072 58,593
Payments made (67,098) (57,906)
Payable at 31 December 2023
427,174 439,200

Page 15

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Going concern

In reviewing 2023, the Treasurer was pleased to see this double-digit improvement in the Society's overall investment performance. The Treasurer continues to work closely with the COO and Finance Manager to manage both the day-to-day and longer-term financial position of the charity. The Trustees remain confident that the charitable company will continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and be able to meet all of its financial obligations as they fall due for a period of at least twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements.

Based on the charitable company's forecasts and action plans, the Trustees consider it is appropriate for the financial statements to be prepared on the going concern basis. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that would result should the going concern basis of preparation not be appropriate. In the event that this basis is not appropriate provisions may be required and assets may need to be written down to their recoverable amount.

Reserves Policy

In 2021 The Trustees agreed that unrestricted funds not committed or invested in tangible fixed assets ("the free reserves") should not fall below £500,000. Despite the increase in the investment portfolio during 2023, the Trustees maintain this figure remains appropriate to enable the current activities of the charity to continue, even if unanticipated events resulted in expenditure that had not been budgeted for.

At 31 December 2023 the Society had free reserves of £1,076,276 (2022 restated: £1,094,636), which is £576,276 more than the reserves policy.

In addition to unrestricted funds, at 31 December 2023, the charitable company also held restricted reserves totalling £71,384 (2022 restated: £65,064).

Risk and Corporate Governance Matters

The Society places a high value on risk management, with a focus on identifying potential risks that may compromise the ability to fulfil our key aims, and then putting in place approaches to mitigate these risks. The risks to which the Society is exposed are reassessed and reviewed by the Trustees on a regular basis at each of the 4 board meetings per year. Individual Trustees are given an area of risk management to keep under review, but all Trustees are involved in updating the final risk register.

A complete risk assessment is undertaken on a yearly basis. This updates the previous year's risk assessment and adds to or amends any risk issues. If a new risk factor is identified during the yearly cycle, then the Trustees responsible for the appropriate area of risk management will investigate, make recommendations, and action any agreed strategy to mitigate that risk. The risk register is maintained by the Honorary Secretary.

Page 16

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

The BOS maintains a Risk Register, as per below.

Page 17

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

During 2023, The British Orthodontic Society continued to work with a highly regarded consultant specializing in working with dental organisations to help them develop a coherent pathway towards compliance on all aspects of CSR; and adopting a more sustainable approach to clinical practice. The Working Party which was established in 2022 under the guidance of the third-party CSR expert continues to meet on a regularly defined basis and implement solutions to help support the charity and support the drive for change.

Page 18

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

PLANS FOR FUTURE PERIODS

Future Strategy

External Relations, Clinical Governance and Clinical Practice

The Society will continue to provide patient information leaflets. New titles will be developed, and the older versions will be updated as needed. All leaflets will now contain the new BOS branding and appropriate QR codes. These leaflets are available for downloading, for members, from the website.

The Society will continue to develop a resource centre of material to aid NHS authorities and members of the Society in developing local services effectively under the new NHS arrangements.

Advice sheets for the specialty will continue to be developed and revised as necessary. Monitoring of the website and social media use will still be an important feedback.

Research

The Society will continue to fund research and the active drive to attract high quality applications for funding continues. The Society, and the members of the Research Directorate will continue to explore ways to attract high quality research proposals.

The Scholarships and Awards Committee will continue to monitor the prizes available through the BOS and ensure that the appropriate regulations are in place.

Education

The Society will continue to develop and encourage education in orthodontics for the public and wider dental profession as well as for our members through its portfolio of courses, conferences and educational sources including updating the national orthodontic programme VLE.

Public Benefit

In the future, the trustees intend to ensure that the Society continues to benefit the public by focusing on the following elements:

Page 19

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Structure, governance and management

Status and History

The British Orthodontic Society is a registered charity, and a company limited by guarantee, not having share capital. Every member undertakes to contribute an amount not exceeding £1 to the assets of the charity in the event of the charity being wound-up during the period of membership, or within one year thereafter.

The BOS originally came into existence on 1 July 1994 by the unification of the five, existing national orthodontic societies. The founding societies were:

Since unification, all bodies have accepted the BOS as the main national representative of all orthodontists. The respect afforded to the Society greatly exceeds that given to the founding societies separately. The Department of Health has come to regard the Society as the appropriate body to consult on matters relating to orthodontic services and the standards of care for patients.

The BOS was initially an unincorporated charity, but the Society was incorporated on 14 January 1999, and the newly formed company became a registered charity on 22 January 1999.

The British Orthodontic Society is governed by the rules and regulations set down in its company Memorandum and Articles of Association, originally dated 14 January 1999 and as updated on 23 September 2002, 8 October 2006, 13 September 2009, 18 September 2010, 24 September 2011, and September 2012.

The Articles and Byelaws were updated during the course of the year and approved by the Board and at the annual AGM

Organisational Structure

The overall strategic direction of the charity is determined by the Board of Trustees and Directors, who are assisted and advised by the officers and elected members of the Society. All the members of the Board of Trustees continue to devote a significant amount of time on a purely voluntary basis to assist in the management of the charity. The Executive Committee of the President, the Honorary Treasurer, and the Honorary Secretary provide day-to-day management and leadership.

Given its historic background, the Society comprises a number of specialist Groups. Certain members of the Board of Trustees and membership act as representatives of the various Groups. Groups are also represented on various of the BOS Committees. All Group members are members of the Society, and the constitutions of each Group and Committee formally recognise the constitution of the Society.

Page 20

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Structure, governance and management (continued)

The Groups and Committees of the Society within the Directorates are identified, as follows:

Policy and procedural decisions are taken by the Board of Trustees and Directors. Other Groups and Committees provide a wider forum for consultation and communication. The day-to-day activities of the Society are undertaken through the Directorates, Groups and Committees. The Group Chair's Forum brings together the Group Chairmen and the Executive Committee formally at least twice a year to allow information to be exchanged, concerns raised, and advice offered.

The Board normally meets four times per year and most Groups and Committees meet at least 3 times per year.

Method of Recruitment, Appointment, Election, Induction & Training of Trustees

Nominations and elections of Directorate Directors

The Director of a BOS Directorate is a Trustee of the Society and a rigorous protocol is required for nomination, election, and appointment. The Director shall be appointed after open notices and elections.

The following protocol is required by the Trustees for all elections:

Page 21

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Structure, governance and management (continued)

by both nominators and the nominee and returned to the Honorary Secretary prior to the deadline. The nomination must include a signed declaration by the nominee of a willingness and eligibility to serve if elected. Applications received after the deadline will not be accepted.

Nominations and elections of the BOS President, the BOS Treasurer and of the Honorary Secretary The following means of making nominations for the BOS President, the BOS Treasurer and of the BOS Honorary Secretary is required.

Nomination by the Groups:

The BOS President, who is also Chairman of the Nominations Committee, will request nominations from all the Group Chairmen at least two months prior to the meeting of the Nominations Committee, which will normally be held in May. This request should be considered by the Group Committees within each Directorate. The names of candidates proposed by the Groups will be notified to the BOS Secretary in good time for consideration by the Nominations Committee. The nominee must include a signed declaration of willingness and eligibility to serve if elected.

Nomination by members:

At the same time as the request for nominations is sent to Group Chairmen, a notice will be sent to all of the BOS members requesting nominations for President, Treasurer, or Honorary Secretary, as appropriate. Nominations must be sent in good time to the BOS Secretary for consideration by the Nominations Committee. A deadline for receipt of nominations should be clearly stated. Candidates, who wish to be nominated for election other than by the Group Committees, should be proposed by two members of the Society. The nomination paper should be signed and dated by both nominators and the nominee and returned to the BOS Secretary prior to the stated deadline. The nomination must include a signed declaration by the nominee of a willingness and eligibility to serve if elected. Applications received after the deadline will not be accepted.

Nomination and election of the Director of Professional Development:

The Director of Professional Development will normally serve two full years as Director-elect because of the large element of forward planning involved in the British Orthodontic Conference. The election is for a term of two years with the possibility of extension for a further year. An election is therefore normally required in the year prior to the preceding director taking office.

Consideration of nominations:

The nominations will be considered by the Nominations Committee, who may request CVs and further information from the candidates. The Nominations Committee will make a recommendation to the Board of Trustees for approval as the Board's nomination for election by the membership. If more than one valid nomination is received, any nominee not successful in obtaining the Board's nomination may request that an election is held in which all valid nominees may participate. The Nominations Committee may recommend that none of the nominations should be endorsed as the Board's nominee. In that event, the Board may put forward a further canclidate as the Board's nomination.

If no valid nominations for a post are received by the stated deadline, the Board shall make its own nomination who shall be deemed to be elected unopposed.

Page 22

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Structure, governance and management (continued)

The candidates will be elected by a ballot of all of the BOS members conducted by post or on the internet, as determined by the Board of Trustees. Following election, the President, Treasurer or Honorary Secretary and the Director of Professional Development will normally be appointed at the Annual General Meeting and will "shadow" the previous office holder for the following one year prior to taking up office, except the Director of Professional Development who will normally shadow for two years. All Trustee appointments commence on 1 January.

Induction & Training

New Trustees are inducted into the Society by a formal induction process. The Society holds annual training sessions for Trustees, which are arranged with the Society's accountant, and which are an integral part of the induction and on-going training process. Back in 2022, The BOS revised the trustee induction programme, which is now delivered through an online platform.

KMP Remuneration Policy

The Society’s key management personnel are subject to an annual salary review; a third party team of HR Consultants and People & Culture specialists also undertook a benchmarking exercise in December 2023.

Statement of Trustees' responsibilities

The Trustees (who are also the directors of the charity for the purposes of company law) are responsible for preparing the Trustees' report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

Company law requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under company law, the Trustees must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charity and of its incoming resources and application of resources, including its income and expenditure, for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Trustees are required to:

The Trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the charity's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the charity and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the charity and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Page 23

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

TRUSTEES' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Disclosure of information to auditor

Each of the persons who are Trustees at the time when this Trustees' report is approved has confirmed that:

Auditor

The auditor, Crowe U.K. LLP, has indicated his willingness to continue in office. The designated Trustees will propose a motion reappointing the auditor at a meeting of the Trustees.

Approved by order of the members of the board of Trustees and signed on their behalf by:

Simon Littlewood Honorary Secretary Date: 18 September, 2024

Page 24

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of The British Orthodontic Society (the 'charity') for the year ended 31 December 2023 which comprise the statement of financial activities, the balance sheet, the statement of cash flows and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the charitable company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the Trustees' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the charitable company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Trustees with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Page 25

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (CONTINUED)

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The Trustees are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of our knowledge and understanding of the charitable company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Trustees' report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

Page 26

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (CONTINUED)

Responsibilities of trustees

As explained more fully in the trustees' responsibilities statement, the Trustees (who are also the directors of the charitable company for the purposes of company law) are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Trustees determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the Trustees are responsible for assessing the charitable company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Trustees either intend to liquidate the charitable company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks within which the charitable company operates, focusing on those laws and regulations that have a direct effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The laws and regulations we considered in this context were the Companies Act 2006, Charities Act together with the Charities SORP (FRS 102). We assessed the required compliance with these laws and regulations as part of our audit procedures on the related financial statement items.

In addition, we considered provisions of other laws and regulations that do not have a direct effect on the financial statements but compliance with which might be fundamental to the charitable company’s ability to operate or to avoid a material penalty. We also considered the opportunities and incentives that may exist within the charitable company for fraud. The laws and regulations we considered in this context were Charity Commission legislation, health and safety legislation, General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), General Dental Council (GDC) legislation. Auditing standards limit the required audit procedures to identify non-compliance with these laws and regulations to enquiry of the Trustees and other management and inspection of regulatory and legal correspondence, if any.

The greatest risk of material impact on the financial statements is from irregularities, including fraud, to be the override of controls by management. Our audit procedures to respond to these risks included enquiries of management, and the Board of Trustees about their own identification and assessment of the risks of irregularities, sample testing on the posting of journals, testing a sample of income and expenditure to the fund restrictions, reviewing accounting estimates for biases, reviewing regulatory correspondence with the Charity Commission and reading minutes of meetings of those charged with governance.

Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that we may not have detected

Page 27

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (CONTINUED)

some material misstatements in the financial statements, even though we have properly planned and performed our audit in accordance with auditing standards. For example, the further removed noncompliance with laws and regulations (irregularities) is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely the inherently limited procedures required by auditing standards would identify it.

In addition, as with any audit, there remained a higher risk of non-detection of irregularities, as these may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal controls. We are not responsible for preventing non-compliance and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance with all laws and regulations.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the charitable company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the charitable company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the charitable company and its members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Janette Joyce (senior statutory auditor)

for and on behalf of

Crowe U.K. LLP

Statutory Auditor

R+ Building 2 Blagrave Street

Reading Berkshire RG1 1AZ

Date: 19 September 2024

Page 28

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES (INCORPORATING INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Note
Income from:
Donations and legacies
4
Charitable activities
5
Investments
6
Total income
Expenditure on:
Raising funds
Charitable activities
7
Total expenditure
Net gains/(losses) on investments
Net expenditure
Transfers between funds
15
Net movement in funds
Reconciliation of funds:
Total funds brought forward
Net movement in funds
Total funds carried forward		 Unrestricted
funds
2023
£
-
1,693,449
30,445
1,723,894
36
1,839,394
1,839,430
58,984
(56,552)
(11,535)
(68,087)
2,212,528
(68,087)
2,144,441		 Restricted
funds
2023
£
13,323
-
17,381
30,704
-
69,594
69,594
33,675
(5,215)
11,535
6,320
65,064
6,320
71,384		 Total
funds
2023
£
13,323
1,693,449
47,826
1,754,598
36
1,908,988
1,909,024
92,659
(61,767)
-
(61,767)
2,277,592
(61,767)
2,215,825		 Total
funds
2022
£
10,575
1,297,730
52,688
1,360,993
34
1,756,761
1,756,795
(269,331)
(665,133)
-
(665,133)
2,942,725
(665,133)
2,277,592

The Statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year.

The notes on pages 32 to 46 form part of these financial statements.

Page 29

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee) REGISTERED NUMBER: 03695486

BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2023

2023 2023 2022 2022
Note £ £
Fixed assets
Tangible assets 10 1,068,165 1,117,892
Investments 11 1,375,602 1,450,073
2,443,767 2,567,965
Current assets
Debtors 12 187,765 166,703
Cash at bank and in hand 216,675 137,976
404,440 304,679
Creditors: amounts falling due within one
year 13 (632,382) (595,052)
Net current liabilities (227,942) (290,373)
Total net assets 2,215,825 2,277,592
Charity funds
Restricted funds 15 71,384 65,064
Unrestricted funds 15 2,144,441 2,212,528
Total funds 2,215,825 2,277,592

The Trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Act with respect to accounting records and preparation of financial statements.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to entities subject to the small companies regime.

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Trustees on _____18 September, 2024 and signed on their behalf by:

Professor Grant McIntyre

Honorary Treasurer

The notes on pages 32 to 46 form part of these financial statements.

Page 30

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Note
Cash flows from operating activities
Net cash used in operating activities
18
Cash flows from investing activities
Dividends, interests and rents from investments
Purchase of tangible fixed assets
Proceeds from sale of investments
Purchase of investments
Net cash provided by investing activities
Change in cash and cash equivalents in the year
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year
19		 2023
£
(175,620)
87,373
-
201,045
(34,099)
254,319
78,699
137,976
216,675		 2022
£
(343,940)
73,758
(13,250)
301,097
(57,786)
303,819
(40,121)
178,097
137,976

The notes on pages 32 to 46 form part of these financial statements

Page 31

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

1. General information

The British Orthodontic Society (the charitable company) is a private company limited by guarantee incorporated in England and Wales under company number 03695486. The registered office address and principal place of business is at BOS at 12 Bridewell Place, London, EC4V 6AP. The charitable company's principal activities are disclosed in the Trustees' Annual Report.

2. Accounting policies

2.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) - Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019), the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006.

The British Orthodontic Society meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102. Assets and liabilities are initially recognised at historical cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant accounting policy.

2.2 Going concern

In reviewing 2023, the Treasurer was pleased to see this double-digit improvement in the Society's overall investment performance. The Treasurer continues to work closely with the COO and Finance Manager to manage both the day-to-day and longer-term financial position of the charity. The Trustees remain confident that the charitable company will continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and be able to meet all of its financial obligations as they fall due for a period of at least twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements.

Based on the charitable company's forecasts and action plans, the Trustees consider it is appropriate for the financial statements to be prepared on the going concern basis. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that would result should the going concern basis of preparation not be appropriate. In the event that this basis is not appropriate provisions may be required and assets may need to be written down to their recoverable amount.

2.3 Income

Grants, donations, and other similar types of voluntary income are brought into account when receivable and donated income is included gross of any attributable tax recoverable, where relevant. Donations given for specific purposes are treated as restricted income.

Income is recognised in the financial statements for the proportion of subscriptions, which are receivable in the financial period. All other types of income are also accounted for on an accruals' basis.

Page 32

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

2. Accounting policies (continued)

2.4 Expenditure

Expenditure is allocated to the charitable company's principal activity where the costs can be identified as being directly related to that activity. All costs that cannot be identified as relating directly to the charity's principal activity are categorised as either support costs or governance costs.

Governance costs are the costs associated with running the charitable company as a charitable company, and include a proportion of staff costs, costs of Trustees' meetings, audit fees and other similar professional fees.

Grants payable are recognised in the period in which the approved offer is conveyed to the recipient except in those cases where the offer is conditional, such grants being recognised only when the conditions attaching to the award are fulfilled. Grants offered subject to conditions, which have not been met at the balance sheet date, are noted as a potential commitment, but are not treated as a liability.

2.5 Taxation

The company is a registered charity and as such its income and gains falling due under section 471 to 489 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010 or section 256 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 are exempt from corporate tax to the extent that they are applied to its charitable objectives.

2.6 Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

All tangible assets purchased that have a cost of more than £1,000 and have an expected useful economic life that exceeds one year are capitalised and classified as fixed assets. Tangible fixed assets are stated at historical cost less depreciation.

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of tangible fixed assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following bases:

2.7 Investments

The charitable company's investments are included in the balance sheet at fair value (their market value). The gains or losses arising upon their annual revaluation are included in the statement of financial activities.

2.8 Financial assets and liabilities

The charitable company's debtors and creditors that meet the definition of either a financial asset or a financial liability are initially recognised at the transaction value and thereafter are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Page 33

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

2. Accounting policies (continued)

2.9 Grants awarded

The amount of grants charged to the Statement of Financial Activities represents the total amount committed by trustees during the year. These may be commitments over a number of years depending on the nature of the grant but the whole liability is recognised when the grant is committed.

2.10 Fund accounting

The general fund comprises the accumulated surpluses of unrestricted income over expenditure, which are available for use in furtherance of the general objective of the charitable company.

Designated funds are a particular form of unrestricted funds consisting of amounts, which have been allocated or designated for specific purposes by the Trustees. The use of designated funds remains at the discretion of the Trustees.

Restricted funds are funds subject to specific conditions imposed by donors. The purpose and use of the restricted funds are set out in the notes to the financial statements. Amounts unspent at the year end are carried forward in the balance sheet.

3. Critical accounting estimates and areas of judgment

In the application of the charitable company's accounting policies, the Trustees are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and underlying assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

There were no specific judgements, estimates and assumptions that were critical to the preparation of these financial statements.

4. Income from donations and legacies

Restricted Total Total
funds funds funds
2023 2023 2022
£ £ £
General donations and other similar types of voluntary
income 13,323 13,323 10,575

Page 34

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

5. Dissemination of information

Unrestricted
funds
2023
£
Subscriptions
498,684
Annual Conference
897,784
Other meetings
172,061
Journal income
86,980
Sales of publications
37,940
1,693,449		 Total
funds
2023
£
498,684
897,784
172,061
86,980
37,940
1,693,449		 As restated
Total
funds
2022
£
511,868
482,705
127,131
137,103
38,923
1,297,730

6. Investment income

Unrestricted
funds
2023
£
Income from investments listed on a
recognised stock exchange
30,346
Bank interest receivable on short term cash
deposits
99
30,445		 Restricted
funds
2023
£
17,381
-
17,381		 Total
funds
2023
£
47,727
99
47,826		 As restated
Total
funds
2022
£
52,043
645
52,688

Page 35

(A company limited by guarantee)

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

7. Analysis of expenditure on dissemination of information

Summary by fund type

Unrestricted
funds
2023
£
Annual Conference
873,205
Other meetings
97,272
Journal expenditure
123,366
Publication costs
32,928
Legal fees judicial review
32,220
Public relations
99,440
Museum curator fees
8,770
Subscriptions - international
3,543
Research project grants to three individuals
(2022: seven individuals)
-
Professional development costs
26,130
Subscriptions - national
12,048
Support costs (see note 8)
530,472
1,839,394		 Restricted
funds
2023
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
69,594
-
-
-
69,594		 Total
2023
£
873,205
97,272
123,366
32,928
32,220
99,440
8,770
3,543
69,594
26,130
12,048
530,472
1,908,988		 As restated
Total
2022
£
601,483
190,845
119,143
55,211
46,779
70,170
11,101
3,642
57,958
22,229
63
578,137
1,756,761

Page 36

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

8. Analysis of expenditure by activities

Annual Conference
Other meetings
Journal expenditure
Publication costs
Legal fees judicial review
Public relations
Museum curator fees
Subscriptions - international
Research project grants to three (2022:
seven) individuals
Professional development costs
Subscriptions - national
Support costs		 Activities
undertaken
directly
2023
£
873,205
97,272
123,366
32,928
32,220
99,440
8,770
3,543
69,594
26,130
12,048
-
1,378,516		 Support
costs
2023
£
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
530,472
530,472		 Total
funds
2023
£
873,205
97,272
123,366
32,928
32,220
99,440
8,770
3,543
69,594
26,130
12,048
530,472
1,908,988		 As restated
Total
funds
2022
£
601,483
190,845
119,143
55,211
46,779
70,170
11,101
3,642
57,958
22,229
63
578,137
1,756,761

Page 37

(A company limited by guarantee)

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

8. Analysis of expenditure by activities (continued)

Analysis of support costs

Staff costs - wages, national insurance & pension
Staff costs - casual
Staff costs - recruitment
Staff costs - training fees
Depreciation
Office, property & insurance costs
Telephone, printing, postage and stationery
Computer costs
Bank and credit card charges
Irrecoverable Value Added Tax
Other expenses
Trustee and committee meeting expenses
Travel and subsistence
Audit fees
Accounting and advisory
Other accounting and advisory		 Total
funds
2023
£
149,705
105,542
9,139
-
49,727
82,561
42,456
20,860
12,585
15,157
3,690
15,839
617
20,452
163
1,979
530,472		 Total
funds
2022
£
155,963
114,523
5,097
100
46,081
91,104
46,199
16,731
12,330
9,174
29,790
11,145
13,976
15,400
3,850
6,674
578,137

Included within support costs are governance costs of £33,736 (2022: £39,264).

Page 38

(A company limited by guarantee)

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

9. Staff costs

Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Contribution to defined contribution pension schemes
Contribution to defined contribution pension schemes
Casual staff costs
Recruitment expenses
Training fees		 2023
£
136,289
10,742
2,674
149,705
105,542
9,139
-
264,386		 2022
£
139,160
14,171
2,632
155,963
114,523
5,097
100
275,683

During the year no settlement payments were made to any employees (2022: £20,000 to one employee).

The average number of persons employed by the charity during the year was as follows:

2023 2022
No. No.
Office and administration 3 3

No employee received remuneration amounting to more than £60,000 in either year.

Key management personnel include the Trustees and Chief Operating Officer. Key management personnel received aggregate remuneration (including employer's pension and employer's national insurance) of £46,510 (2022: £3,608).

The Trustees and directors received no remuneration for their services to the charitable company during the current or previous year. During the year, seven (2022: seven) Trustees were reimbursed for Trustee and committee meeting expenses incurred on behalf of the charitable company totalling £5,126 (2022: £6,557).

In addition to the Trustees, the charitable company is also reliant upon the major support given by members, who contribute significant amounts of their time in the delivery of charitable activities. The Trustees are unable to reliably quantify the amount of time that volunteers provide towards the work of the charitable company, but nevertheless they are very grateful for that help.

Page 39

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

10. Tangible fixed assets

Cost or valuation
At 1 January 2023
At 31 December 2023
Depreciation
At 1 January 2023
Charge for the year
At 31 December 2023
Net book value
At 31 December 2023
At 31 December 2022		 Freehold
property
£
1,637,313
1,637,313
551,169
32,746
583,915
1,053,398
1,086,144		 Computer
equipment
£
159,340
159,340
127,592
16,981
144,573
14,767
31,748		 Total
£
1,796,653
1,796,653
678,761
49,727
728,488
1,068,165
1,117,892

Parts of the charity's long leasehold buildings are used, when surplus to the charity's requirements, to generate rental income.

Page 40

(A company limited by guarantee)

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

11. Investments

Cost or valuation
At 1 January 2023
Additions
Disposals
Revaluations
At 31 December 2023
Net book value
At 31 December 2023
At 31 December 2022		 Listed
investments
£
1,450,073
34,099
(201,045)
92,475
1,375,602
1,375,602
1,450,073

At the balance sheet date. the historical cost of the investments was £1,230,182 (2022: £1,387,512) .

12. Debtors

Due within one year
Trade debtors
Other debtors
Prepayments and accrued income		 2023
£
45,063
25,798
116,904
187,765		 2022
£
47,515
19,146
100,042
166,703

Page 41

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

13. Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

Trade creditors
Other taxation and social security
Other creditors
Accruals and deferred income
Grant commitments
Grants payable
Opening balance at 1 January 2023 (restated)
Granted during the year
Payments made
Payable at 31 December 2023
14.
Financial instruments
Financial assets
Equity instruments measured at fair value		 2023
£
161,908
4,336
11,961
27,003
427,174
632,382
2023
£
439,200
55,072
(67,098)
427,174
2023
£
1,388,575		 As restated
2022
£
115,612
2,745
3,129
34,366
439,200
595,052
As restated
2022
£
438,513
58,593
(57,906)
439,200
2022
£
1,450,073

Page 42

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

15. Statement of funds

Statement of funds - current year

Unrestricted
funds
General fund
Restricted
funds
Scholarship
Fund
Foundation Fund
Total of funds		 Balance at 1
January
2023
£
2,212,528
65,064
-
65,064
2,277,592		 Income
£
1,723,894
2,152
28,552
30,704
1,754,598		 Expenditure
£
(1,839,430)
-
(69,594)
(69,594)
(1,909,024)		 Transfers
in/out
£
(11,535)
-
11,535
11,535
-		 Gains/
(Losses)
£
58,984
4,168
29,507
33,675
92,659		 Balance at
31
December
2023
£
2,144,441
71,384
-
71,384
2,215,825

The Scholarship Fund is used to account for the Society's prizes and awards, which are normally given annually. The regulations governing each of the prizes and awards are published on the Society's website and elsewhere, together with the names of the judging panel, and the criteria that are used when making an award. The Scholarship and Awards Committee has overall responsibility for deciding whether an award should be made, and the Treasurer of the Society administers the finances of the fund. Transfers are made periodically from the General Fund to cover the shortfall in awards given compared to sponsorship received.

The Foundation Fund was set up in 1999 to promote improved patient care by supporting the highest standards of research and teaching in orthodontics. To achieve this goal, the fund promotes research in numerous fields of orthodontics whilst encouraging excellence in teaching, which ensures that orthodontists are inspired, well informed, caring, valued and responsible. In general grants are given to support medium sized research projects with a 3 to 6 year timescale.

Page 43

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY (A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

15. Statement of funds (continued)

Statement of funds - prior year

Unrestricted
funds
General fund
Restricted
funds
Scholarship
Fund
Foundation Fund
Total of funds		 As restated
Balance at
1 January
2022
£
2,777,595
73,539
91,591
165,130
2,942,725		 Income
£
1,334,753
2,030
24,210
26,240
1,360,993		 As restated
Expenditure
£
(1,698,827)
(1)
(57,967)
(57,968)
(1,756,795)		 Transfers
in/out
£
(12,731)
-
12,731
12,731
-		 Gains/
(Losses)
£
(188,262)
(10,504)
(70,565)
(81,069)
(269,331)		 As restated
Balance at
31
December
2022
£
2,212,528
65,064
-
65,064
2,277,592

16. Prior year adjustments

It was agreed this year that as a charity the BOS should now recognise its total estimated forward liabilities with reference to research within the balance sheet from 2023 onwards. Note this has also led to the BOS making prior year adjustments to the accounts for 2022 and 2021.

As previously stated
Prior period adjustment – Research project grants		 Total funds at
31 December
2021
Total funds at
31 December
2022
3,381,238.00
2,716,792.00
(438,513.00)
(687.00)
(439,200.00)
2,942,725.00
(687.00)
2,277,592.00

Page 44

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

(A company limited by guarantee)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

17. Analysis of net assets between funds

Analysis of net assets between funds - current year

Unrestricted
funds
2023
£
Tangible fixed assets
1,068,165
Fixed asset investments
1,304,218
Current assets
404,440
Creditors due within one year
(632,382)
Total
2,144,441		 Restricted
funds
2023
£
-
71,384
-
-
71,384		 Total
funds
2023
£
1,068,165
1,375,602
404,440
(632,382)
2,215,825

Analysis of net assets between funds - prior year

Tangible fixed assets
Fixed asset investments
Current assets
Creditors due within one year (restated)
Total		 Unrestricted
funds
2022
£
1,117,892
1,385,009
304,679
(595,052)
2,212,528		 Restricted
funds
2022
£
-
65,064
-
-
65,064		 Total
funds
2022
£
1,117,892
1,450,073
304,679
(595,052)
2,277,592

Page 45

(A company limited by guarantee)

THE BRITISH ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

18. Reconciliation of net movement in funds to net cash flow from operating activities

Net expenditure for the year (as per Statement of Financial Activities)
Adjustments for:
Depreciation charges
(Gains)/losses on investments
Dividends, interests and rents from investments
(Increase)/Decrease in debtors
Increase in creditors
Net cash used in operating activities
19.
Analysis of cash and cash equivalents
Cash at bank and in hand
Total cash and cash equivalents
20.
Analysis of changes in net debt
At 1
January
2023
£
Cash at bank and in hand
137,976
137,976		 2023
£
(61,767)
49,727
(92,475)
(87,373)
(21,062)
37,330
(175,620)
2023
£
216,675
216,675
Cash flows
£
78,699
78,699		 As restated
2022
£
(665,133)
46,081
269,474
(73,758)
41,720
37,676
(343,940)
2022
£
137,976
137,976
At 31
December
2023
£
216,675
216,675

21. Related party transactions

Other than the reimbursement of expenses to Trustees as disclosed in note 9, no related party transactions took place during the year (2022: none).

Page 46