OpenCharities

This text was generated using OCR and may contain errors. Check the original PDF to see the document submitted to the regulator.

2023-12-31-accounts

PENHA REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31[ST] DECEMBER 2023

Registered Charity no: 1038957 Registered Company no: 02658932

1

PENHA CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31[ST] DECEMBER 2023

Page
No. Content
3 Charity information
4 to 8 Trustees Report
9 Independent examiner’s report
Statement of financial activities (including the income and
10 expenditure account)
11 Balance sheet
13
to18 Notes to the accounts

2

PENHA CHARITY INFORMATION 31 DECEMBER 2023

The trustees who are also directors of the charity for the purposes of the Companies Act 2006, present their report with the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2023. The trustees have adopted the provisions of Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2015).

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT

Governing document

The charity is controlled by its governing document, a deed of trust, and constitutes a limited company, limited by guarantee, as defined by the Companies Act 2006.

TRUSTEES

The trustees in office in the year were as follows: - Dr. Lulsegged Abebe - Chairperson Dr. Zeremariam fre - Treasurer Ms Victoria Phillips Ms Roda Ibrahim Ms Faisa Loyaan

Secretary Dr. Bereket Tsegay

Registered Office

1 Laney Building, Bourne Estate, Portpool Lane, London EC1N 7UL www.penhanetwork.org 00442072420202

Independent examiner

Md Iqbal Hossain MBA, FCCA Chartered Certified Accountant B K Community Accountancy Ltd. 124 City Road, London. EC1V 2NX.

3

PENHA REPORT OF TRUSTEES 31 DECEMBER 2023

Objectives

The principal activities of the charity in the period under review have been to promote sustainable development among pastoral and agro-pastoral communities through gender equality, resilience, enterprise and innovation, and regional cooperation across the Horn of Africa. PENHA works at the grassroots and policy levels to empower pastoralist communities to play a full role in their own development. On the UK side, it has focused on youth and diaspora programmes.

ACHIEVEMENT AND PERFORMANCE 2023

PENHA HQ

SPIDA Book Launch: PENHA had a successful launch of its SPIDA book at the Bartlett Development Planning Unit at UCL in early December with around 60 people in attendance. The theme was ‘Towards an Inclusive Social Protection Among Pastoralist Communities’ and was part of the DPU Dialogues in Development series of talks. The speakers were: Zeremariam Fre, Principal Investigator and author, Associate Professor (Teaching), Development Planning Unit (DPU), UCL; Bereket Tsegay, Speaker and co-author, Senior Research and Policy Analyst at PENHA and a Research Associate at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London; Angela Raven-Roberts, Speaker and contributing author, an independent consultant and researcher and affiliate at the Department of Education, University of Oxford; and E John Wibberley PhD, NSch, FRAgS, FIAgrM, Panelist, Professor of Comparative Agriculture & Rural Extension at The University of Reading and at The Royal Agricultural University Cirencester.

Research for the book had been undertaken by PENHA, University College London and Adigrat and Samara Universities in Ethiopia with funding from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO- WOTRO). It grew out of the ‘Social Protection for Inclusive Development in Afar Region, Ethiopia: Lessons for SubSaharan Africa’ project that sought to confront the challenges stemming from the implementation of the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) in pastoral areas, particularly the Afar communities in Eastern Ethiopia.

Arising out of this meeting the Chair and Treasurer visited Sheila Maxey, who has agreed to donate the books from the late Kees Maxey’s collection that relate to Africa to PENHA’s partners at Samara University in Ethiopia.

RCDCS: Plans for a joint project with the Sudan-based Regional Center for Training and Development of Civil Society (RCDCS) had to be postponed following the outbreak of conflict in April 2003. We remain interested in proposals to approach funders for a project covering the border areas between Sudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea when the situation permits.

Kent Migration Project: PENHA ran the Kent Migration Project until autumn 2023. It focused on issues of sexual consent among young migrants, including those from the Horn of Africa, who are now based in reception centres in Kent and attend local colleges.

4

In April we delivered two workshops on Sexual Consent and Harassment at Ashford and Canterbury Colleges. Facilitated by the youth worker and councillor Ibtisam Adem. In June Nuradin Ali, a Community Mental Health Nurse at East London NHS Foundation Trust delivered the Sexual Consent and Harassment workshop at Millbank Reception Centre, assisted by Kenny Mammarella- D’Cruz. Issues that came up in all three sessions were in-person and online relationships, differences in the legal age of consent, street harassment and sharing of explicit images.

PENHA organised the workshops in conjunction with: Susan Rundle, the Programme Director for ESOL at Ashford College; Rachel Smith, Progression and Destination Advisor and Gary Ashman, the Programme Director for Foundation Learning at Canterbury College; and Kelly Wynn, the Centre Manager for Service for Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children at Millbank Reception Centre, Kent Social Services. We are seeking funds for the continuation of this project under the theme: ‘Bridging the Digital Divide for Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Kent’. An application to Vodafone for their charities.connect scheme was successful and we received 100 SIM cards of 20Mb which have been given to young workshop participants. The report on the completed workshops has been posted on the PENHA website at: Web:

https://www.penhanetwork.org/news/increasing-sexual-awareness-among-refugeesin-kent-2/

PENHA INTERNATIONAL

PENHA HQ remains central to the work carried out in country offices, providing intellectual leadership and oversight, as well as links to UK development networks. The Ethiopia and Somaliland programs have grown through ideas and contacts developed through the London office, on prosopis control and use, the Seawater Greenhouse, social safety nets and dryland restoration. At the same time, the country programs engage with communities and local networks to develop tailored interventions that meet local needs.

Ethiopia

PENHA-Ethiopia continued and expanded its work on drylands restoration, with Ethiopian Forestry Development (EFD) and partners CIFOR-ICRAF. With a focus on addressing climate change, the aim is to promote sustainable development, centred on pastoralism, gender and social inclusion, with special attention to youth, livelihoods, employment and enterprise promotion. PENHA in collaboration with Tropenbos International (TBI) of the Netherlands and with financial support from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands is delivering the Working Landscapes programme on Dryland Forests and Trees. The approach, Participatory Productive Restoration, helps farmers and pastoralists to generate incomes while restoring their landscapes and sequestering carbon. PENHA and partners helped EFD to develop a National Drylands Restoration Strategy. The Strategy then needed to be translated into action on the ground.

National Drylands Restoration Strategy: Cascading the Strategy to the regions: contextualized regional strategies were developed for Amhara, Benishangul-Gumuz & Tigray regions. The Tigray Regional DRS was validated and officially endorsed by

5

the regional government. The return to peace in Tigray made it possible to resume work on the ground, with communities in Tigray and Afar.

Piloting dryland restoration interventions: The nature of and modalities for interventions on the Tigray-Afar Border Landscape were planned in collaboration with CIFOR-ICRAF. The Arato Tree Nursery was rehabilitated to supply fruit, fuel and fodder trees to community groups. A Consortium was established (including CIFOR-ICRAF, Mekelle University and local stakeholders) to enable deepening of impact and scaling out, with a “Rural Resource Center” model. PENHA supported the formation of women and youth groups to carry out specific activities.

Story telling Ethiopia: Interviews with “Local Champions” and filming were conducted on site in Tigray and at the Desa’a Forest. A completed video was submitted for review, and will be published by TBI. The aim is to show how local leaders, including the Abo Gerebs, an association of elders from Tigray and Afar regions, are contributing to natural resource management and peace building. This draws on the work of PENHA Chair Dr Lulsegged Abebe on traditional conflict resolution. PENHA also continued to address priorities in Somalin Region, drawing on experience in Somaliland.

Frankincense value chain development: A study/review was conducted, with an updated resource base assessment. A national-level workshop was conducted with stakeholders and EFD, in collaboration with CIFOR-ICRAF. PENHA also directly addressed gender and social inclusion.

Gender equality & youth engagement: A comprehensive review/study was conducted and insights were fed into work on-site at Arato. The emphasis was on the need to empower women for participation and to enhance opportunities for youth, so as to reduce agricultural expansion on marginal lands and extra-legal emigration. The importance of natural regeneration was emphasised.

Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR): A review/study was conducted, assessing programs across Ethiopia. Insights were fed into the FMNR component of work at Arato site, which will involve youth groups. PENHA worked with TBI country chapters across Latina America and South East Asia to address fire management, an important dimension of climate change.

National Fire Management System: Studies and workshops with regional participants led to the development of an “Integrated National Fire Management System for Ethiopia”. The work, carried out in collaboration with CIFOR -ICRAF, was completed and presented to EFD. At a national validation workshop, the Strategy was validated and endorsed by EFD. It recognizes the use of fire by farmers and pastoralists as a natural resource management tool, and also lays out an approach to fire management that involves communities and the different layers of government.

Somaliland

PENHA-Somaliland continued its work on the Seawater Greenhouse Project: With Seawater Greenhouse Ltd. UK., this pilot uses innovative technology to grow crops in arid coastal areas using desalinated seawater, and aims for commercial viability

6

with inclusive business models. The Salt-Mine project, developed in collaboration with a consortium led by the Norwegian Water Research Institute (NIVA) expands the work, with a focus on salt and mineral extraction at the site. PENHA completed site rehabilitation work, after cyclone damage. A site re-design addressed identified flaws and new management modalities were introduced.

PENHA-Somaliland continued to address vital gender and social inclusion issues. Somaliland Development Fund - Gender Equity and Social Inclusion (GESI) assessments : PENHA conducted in-depth GESI assessments for three extension projects under the Somaliland Development Fund Phase 2 (SDF2) program - the Lasdhure water supply project, the Borama water supply project, and the BuraoBerbera Road rehabilitation project. The main objective of was to ensure that the water extension projects are gender responsive and identify opportunities for social inclusion. The specific objectives were to conduct sociocultural and economic context analysis, assessing access and use, and analysis of trends and shocks in communities at the project areas (contextual analysis), identify the male and female individual stakeholders or institutions/groups that should be involved in project formulation and implementation, and decide how to best address their interests and needs and determine their priorities. A set of recommendations was provided that can be incorporated into project design. These GESI reports provide a strong foundation for effective GESI mainstreaming and will help ensure the projects deliver equitable benefits to all stakeholders. PENHA-Somaliland has built a strong capability for GESI analysis that can be applied across the region.

Support for Integrated Water Resources Management to Ensure Water Access and Disaster Reduction for Somaliland’s Agro -Pastoralists Project (funded by UNDP/GEF): The project aimed to strengthen sustainable businesses for womenbased groups in the livestock value chain, building on the entrepreneurial spirit of Somali women. It worked through existing women-based groups to develop alternative livelihoods and income sources. The project supported economic development in the agro-pastoralist communities of in Beer, Habariheshay, Ceelbilcile in Togdheer, and Sool regions by building community capacity, providing training, tools, and production inputs in the livestock value chain and agribusiness sectors, with a focus on women entrepreneurs. The project involved an assessment of the current situation of the milk and fodder value chains in three selected villages in Burao, Odweine and Ainabo districts in Togdheer region. This involved identifying the main value chain actors and their relationships, constraints and opportunities for the sustainable development of livestock value chains and identifying commercially viable solutions and interventions. Training was provided for selected community groups, and tools for milk and fodder production were distributed to beneficiaries in Beer, Ceel-bilcille and Habari-hishey villages. Regional consultations and validation workshops in Burao and Ainabo districts involved village development committee, NGOs, fodder cooperatives, milk cooperatives and government officials. More than 30% of the nearly 100 participants were female. Subsequent monitoring exercises showed that milk production was the first priority for these agro-pastoral communities.

Policy work, research and networking: PENHA-Somaliland continues to engage with local and international networks. Country Representative Sadia Ahmed contributed to national and international forums, addressing important regional

7

issues, as well as global issues around dryland restoration and climate change. PENHA-Somaliland contributes to the Ethiopia program, sharing ideas through the PENHA country office and partners in the Somali Region.

8

PENHA Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO) Year ended 31 December 2023

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER’S REPORT

I report on the accounts of the company for the year ended 31st December 2023, which are set out on pages 10 to 18.

Respective responsibilities of Board of Directors and examiner:

The Board of Directors (who are the directors of the company for the purposes of company law) are responsible for the preparation of the accounts. The Board of Directors consider that an audit is not required for this year under the 2011 Act and that an independent examination is needed.

Having satisfied myself that the Company is not subject to audit under company law and is eligible for independent examination, it is my responsibility to:

Basis of independent examiner's report

My examination was carried out in accordance with the general Directions given by the Company Law. An examination includes a review of the accounting records kept by the Company and a comparison of the accounts presented with those records. It also includes consideration of any unusual items or disclosures in the accounts and seeking explanations from you as Directors concerning any such matters. The procedures undertaken do not provide all the evidence that would be required in an audit and consequently no opinion is given as to whether the accounts present a 'true and fair view' and the report is limited to those matters set out in the statement below.

Independent examiner's statement

In connection with my examination, no matter has come to my attention:

Date.27/08/2024

Md Iqbal Hossain MBA, FCCA B K Community Accountancy Ltd. 124 City Road, London. EC1V 2NX.

9

PENHA

Statement of Financial Activities (Including income and expenditure account) Year ended 31 December 2023

PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023		 PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023		 PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023		 PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023		 PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023		 PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023		 PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023		 PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023		 PENHA
Statement of Financial Activities
(Including income and expenditure account)
Year ended 31 December 2023
Incoming and
expenditure Resources		 Note Unrestricted
Funds		 Restricted TOTAL
Funds 2023		 Unrestricted
Funds		 Restricted
Funds		 TOTAL
Funds 2022
Grant & Donations 2 9,922 353,956 363,878 7,561 421,429 428,990
Total Income 9,922
----------		 353,956
----------		 363,878
-----------		 7,561
----------		 421,429
----------		 428,990
-----------
Expenditure:
Direct Charitable
expenditure		 4 - 393,504 393,504 - 384,300 384,300
Project support
and
administration		 3,5 16,020 4,816 20,836 3,570 8,335 11,905
Total expenditure 16,020
----------		 398,320
-----------		 414,340
-----------		 3,570
----------		 392,635
-----------		 396,205
-----------
Net movement in
funds		 (6,098) (44,364) (50,462) 3,991 28,794 32,785
Reconciliation of
fund:
Total funds
brought forward		 7,145 150,906 158,051 3,154 122,112 125,266
Total funds
carried forward		 1,047
=======		 106,542
======		 107,589
=======		 7,145
=======		 150,906
======		 158,051
======

10

PENHA
BALANCE SHEET		 PENHA
BALANCE SHEET		 PENHA
BALANCE SHEET		 PENHA
BALANCE SHEET
As at 31 December 2023
Fixed Assets Note 2023 2022
£ £ £ £
Tangible Assets 9 - - 19,262 24,078
Current Assets
Debtors 10 60,307 - 153,230
Cash at Bank and in hand: 13 - - -
London Office 1,636 7,145
Somaliland Office 34,870 84,689
Ethiopia Office 25,809 20,185
Total Cash at Bank and in hand 62,315 - 112,019
Total Current Assets 122,622 265,249
Current Liabilities:Amount falling due within oneyear
London Office 11 - -
Somaliland Office (60)
Ethiopia Office (34,295) (131,216)
Total Current Liabilities (34,295) (131,276)
Net Current Assets 88,327 133,973
Total Assets/Net Assets 107,589 158,051
Funds:
Restricted Funds:
London Office - -
Somaliland Office 36,292 81,514
Ethiopia Office 70,250 69,392
Unrestricted Funds:
London Office 1,047 7,145
Somaliland Office - -
Ethiopia Office - -
Total Funds 12 107,589
=======		 158,051
=======

11

PENHA NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2023

The charitable company is entitled to exemption from audit under Section 477 of the Company Act 2006 for the year ended 31 December 2023.

The members have not required the charitable company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 in accordance with Section 476 of the Company Act 2006.

The trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the special provisions of Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small charitable companies.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 27 August 2024 and were signed on its behalf by:

Dr. Lulsegged Abebe, Chair -

Dr. Zeremariam Fre, Treasurer -

12

The notes on pages 13 to 18 from part of these accounts.

PENHA NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2023

1. Charity Status

The Charity is a company limited by guarantee, the liability of the members being limited to £1 each. The company is registered as a charity with the charity commission and is exempt from direct taxation.

2. Accounting Policies

Basis of the preparing the financial statements

The financial statements of the charitable company, which is public benefit entity under 102, have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) ‘Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1January 2015); The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland, and the Companies Act 2006. The accounts (financial statements) have been prepared under the historical cost convention with items recognised at cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated in the relevant note(s) to these accounts.

The trustees consider that there are no material uncertainties about the Trust’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Incoming resource

All incoming resources are included on the Statement of Financial Activities when the charity is legally entitled to the income and the amount can be quantified with reasonable accuracy.

Grants

All grants are from donors for specific projects or for the purpose of defraying staff Costs and for the provision of office facilities and functions.

Resources expended.

Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all cost related to the category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to particular headings, they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources.

Overseas Projects

Expenditure in respect of overseas projects is changed to the relevant project at the time of liability arise for payment.

Foreign Currencies

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recorded at the rate of exchange ruling at the dates of transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the balance sheet date.

13

Companies Act

The company has permission under Section60(1a) of the Company’s Act 2006 to omit the word ‘Limited’.

Pension costs

The Company operates a defined contribution pension scheme for employees. Pension costs charges in the Statement of Financial Activities represent the contributions payable by the Company in the year.

Depreciation

Depreciation is calculated to write down the cost or valuation, less estimated residual value, of all tangible fixed assets with a cost exceeding £500 over their expected useful lives on a strait line basis.

The rates applicable are: Equipment 25% Furniture, fittings & equipment 20%

Taxation

The charity is exempt from corporation tax on its charitable activities.

Fund accounting

Unrestricted funds can be used in accordance with the charitable objectives at the discretion of the Charity. Restrictions arise when specified by the donor or when funds are raised for particular restricted purposes.

2. Income from Grants & donations

Grants, donations and
legacies:		 Restricted Unrestric
ted		 2023
Unrestricte		 2022
Restricted

d
£ £ £ £
London Office:
Community Fund -
Donation		 - 9,922 9,922 9,970 7,561 17,531
Somaliland Office:
Somaliland Development
Fund(UNDEF)		 - - - - - -
NRF/Salt Mine 36,175 - 36,175 97,571 - 97,571
Ethiopia Office:
Tropenbos International 317,781 - 317,781 313,888 - 313,888
TOTALS 353,956
======		 9,922
=======		 363,878
=======		 421,429
======		 7,561
=======		 428,990
=======

14

PENHA NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2023

3. Management and Administration:

2022
Un-
restricted		 Restricted 2023
£ £ £ £
Depreciation - 4,816 4,816 8,075
Examination and accountancy - - - 300
Total - 4,816
=========		 4,816
=======		 8,375
=======

4. Charitable Activities:

. Un-
restricted		 Restricted Restricted 2023 2022
£ £ £ £
Direct Project Cost - 385,063 385,063 382,665
Professional and Consultancy fees - 8,441 8,441 1,467
Travel - - 168
Total - 393,504
========		 393,504
========		 384,300
========

5. Project Support and Administration:

Costs of Direct Govern Support
Total		 Total
2022
raising Charitable ance costs 2023
funds expenditure costs
£ £ £ £ £ £
Volunteer costs - - - - - 604
Premises & insurance - 5,788 - - 5,788 8,787
Travel & Fuel cost - - - 88 88 84
Project Cost - 8,068 - - 8,068 -
Printing, post & Stationary - - - - - 75
Accountancy fees - - 900 - 900 900
**Bank Charge ** - 161 - - 161 810
Telephone & internet - 817 - - 817 287
General Expenses - - - 198 198 358
Total -
========		 14,834
=========		 900
=======		 286
=====		 16,020
=======		 11,905
=======

15

PENHA NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2023

6. Analysis of staff costs, trustee remuneration and expenses, and the cost of key management personnel Staff costs as follows:

2023 2022
£ £
Wages - 1,467
-
========		 1,467
========
The Average (full time equivalent) number of persons
employed during theyear was		 9 9

7. Related party transactions

There are no related party transactions to disclose for 2023 (2022: none) There are no donations from related parties which are outside the normal course of business and no restricted donations from related parties.

8. Taxation

The Charity company is exempt from corporation tax as all its income is charitable and is applied for charitable purposes.

9. Fixed Assets

9. Fixed Assets 9. Fixed Assets
Equipment Addition Total
£ £
Cost
At 1st January 2023: - - -
London Office - - -
Somaliland Office 57,074 - 57,074
Ethiopia Office - - -
At 31st December 2023 57,074 - 57,074
Depreciation
At 1st January 2023 32,996 - 32,996
Charge thisperiod:
London Office - - -
Somaliland Office 4,816 4,816
Ethiopia Office - - -
At 31st December 2023 37,812 - 37,812
Net book value
At 31 December 2023 19,262 - 19,262
At 31 December 2022 24,078 - 24,078

16

PENHA NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2023

10. Debtors

2023 2022
£ £
Grants Receivable:
London Office - -
Somaliland Office 858 415
Ethiopia Office 59,449 152,815
Total 60,307
=========		 153,230
=========

11. Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2023 2022
£ £
Project costs Accrued (London Office) - -
Project costs Accrued (Somaliland Office) - 60
Project costs Accrued (Ethiopia Office) 34,295 120,453
34,295
=======		 120,513
=======

12. Fund Flow Statements:

Balance 1 Ii Resources
Transfers		 Balance 31
December
2023
January ncomng
R		 Used Between
2023 esources Funds
£ £ £ £ £
Restricted Funds:
London Office - - - - -
Sub - Total -
-----------		 -
------------		 -
----------		 -
-------------		 -
--------------
Somaliland Office:
NRF/Salt Mine 81,515 - (81,398) - 117
NRF - 36,175 - - 36,175
Sub - Total 81,515
---------------		 36,175
------------		 (81,398)
-----------		 -
--------------		 36,292
------------
Ethiopia Office:
Tropenbos International 69,391 - - - 69,391
TBI 317,781 (316,922) - 859
Sub - Total 69,391
-----------		 317,781
--------------		 (316,922)
------------		 - 70,250
-----------

17

Total Restricted Fund 150,906
========		 353,956
========		 (398,320)
========		 -
=======		 106,542
=======
Unrestricted Funds:
London Office- Donation 7,145 9,922 (16,020) - 1,047
Sub Total 7,145
-------------		 9,922
-----------		 (16,020)
------------		 -
----------------		 1,047
---------
Total Fund 158,051
========		 363,878
=========		 (414,340)
========		 -
========		 107,589
========

13. Exchange Rates:

USD EURO ETB
30/12/2023 1.273 1.1533 71.7680
Income 46,051 366,497
£36,175.18 £317,781.15
Expenses 103,620 365,507
£81,398 £316,922.74

There were no benefits in kind in the period.

18