2020-08-31-accounts

COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 02659061 CHARITY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 1013738

Juris Angliae Scientia Limited Company Limited by Guarantee Unaudited Financial Statements

31 August 2020

Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Financial Statements

Year ended 31 August 2020

	Page
Trustees' annual report (incorporating the director's report)	1
Independent examiner's report to the trustees	8
Statement of financial activities (including income and
expenditure account)	9
Statement of financial position	10
Notes to the financial statements	11

Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Trustees' Annual Report (Incorporating the Director's Report)

Year ended 31 August 2020

The trustees, who are also the directors for the purposes of company law, present their report and the unaudited financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 August 2020.

Objectives, activities and achievements

The charity’s objects as set out in its governing document are:

“to advance education in English Law and European Law (including the undertaking of research and the publication of the useful results of such research) among students of law, teachers of law and legal practitioners.”

Juris Angliae Scientia Limited (“JAS”) has two main projects. The first project is the British Law Centre (“BLC”), which began operations in 1992. It is based in Warsaw and teaches courses in various aspects of English and European law and legal skills throughout the Central and Eastern Europe (“CEE”) region. The second project is the Central and Eastern European Moot Competition (“CEEMC”), which provides a forum for teams of law students from across the CEE region to moot against each other, before a bench of renowned judges, practitioners and academics. It enjoys the support and patronage of the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) and the Centre for European Legal Studies (“CELS”) at the University of Cambridge’s Faculty of Law. Throughout both of these educational projects, JAS also seeks to promote respect for the rule of law. Further details of JAS’s projects are provided later in this report.

In setting JAS’s objectives and planning activities, careful consideration was given to the Charity Commission's guidance on public benefit and, in particular, to its supplementary public benefit guidance on advancing education and on fee-charging.

The British Law Centre (“BLC”)

The BLC began operations in 1992. It was originally the brainchild of His Honour George Dobry QC CBE, a Polish-born lawyer, judge and philanthropist who emigrated to the UK during World War II. Professor William Cornish QC CMG was also instrumental in establishing the BLC and ensuring that it enjoyed close relations with the University of Cambridge. As the first director of Cambridge Law Faculty’s Centre for European Legal Studies (“CELS”), Professor Cornish, ensured that the BLC acted firstly under the auspices of CELS and then as part of Cambridge University’s Institute of Continuing Education (“ICE”).

The Warsaw BLC was the first to be created, in 1992. It was officially initiated by an Accord concluded between the Universities of Warsaw and Cambridge, signed on behalf of the latter by HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh in his capacity as the University’s Chancellor. The Warsaw BLC still remains the largest centre in terms of student numbers and it is the base from which a resident teaching team organises the BLC’s teaching activities throughout CEE as a whole.

As noted in previous years’ reports, the dissolution of the formal link between JAS and the University of Cambridge’s Institute of Continuing Education (“ICE”), in 2010, caused some initial concern about whether the BLC’s courses would retain their popularity. Thankfully, such fears proved to be unwarranted and the BLC’s courses continued to be very popular. Numerous informal links continue to exist between the BLC and academic staff of Cambridge University’s Faculty of Law. A number of the Faculty’s academic staff members have acted as JAS directors/trustees and many more have taught on the BLC’s courses or helped to maintain appropriate academic standards by supervising the BLC’s curriculum and grading system, including by acting as external examiners. Three of JAS’s five currently directors are academic staff of the Law Faculty

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Trustees' Annual Report (Incorporating the Director's Report) (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

Moreover, the BLC retains very good relations with the Bar Association of England & Wales and with the English judiciary. JAS’s committee of members over the years has included Sir Stephen Brown, a Lord Justice of Appeal and the President of the Family Division of the High Court of England and Wales. Lord Carnwath (now retired from the UK’s Supreme Court) continues to act as the Chairman of the JAS Members.

The BLC’s courses

BLC course teaching is done via a mixture of lectures, seminars and tutorials which discuss customwritten materials and contemporary legal developments. Classes are taught either by the BLC resident teaching team (which is based in Warsaw and travels to the BLC’s other locations) or by visiting academics, judges or lawyers. Such visiting lecturers have included senior members of the British and European judiciary, renowned scholars from the University of Cambridge and elsewhere, and senior lawyers from through the EU and specialising in a broad range of legal areas.

In order to successfully complete the BLC’s courses, students are required to complete a number of pieces of graded written work. These involve essay writing, case analysis, resolving problem questions, timed exams and/or other practical exercises (e.g. contract drafting). All work is evaluated using standard English grading methodologies. Written work is firstly evaluated by the BLC’s resident teaching team before it is then checked and moderated by external experts (currently Professor Neil Andrews of the University of Cambridge’s Faculty of Law ad Professor Rosa Greaves of the Universities of Glasgow and Oslo), to ensure that the grades are consistent and at an appropriate standard.

In all BLC courses and additional activities (including inter alia debates, moots and mock trials), emphasis is placed on reinforcing the BLC’s and overall aims and teaching methodology, which is discursive, inter-active and involves a practical application of the law in real-life situations. The BLC places less reliance on pure memory-based teaching/ testing and encourages debate, constructive criticism and creative thinking. This methodology may be familiar to students of some UK educational institutions but it still differs remarkably from the experience that many CEE students encounter during their national degrees. The BLC also integrates the teaching of core legal skills into the teaching of substantive law modules, which further distinguishes it courses from those generally available throughout the CEE region.

For many years, the BLC has taught both 1-year courses and 2-year courses. In 2018-2019, those courses were renamed, essentially to make them more recognisable. The 1-year course is now known as the Diploma in English Law & Legal Skills (“DELLS”) and the second year is known as the Commercial Law Diploma (“CLD”).

In 2019-20, the BLC teaching team continued to focus on improving students’ teaching experience via the use of technology. Lectures delivered live in one location were recorded and made available (via a file-share platform) to students of all other BLC locations. Moreover, this enabled the charity to run a completely online course

From March 2020, when the covid-19 pandemic erupted, we were compelled to move completely online for all centres, as travel became impossible. Fortunately, the technological solutions which we had already implemented (as mentioned above), plus some rapid planning from the BLC’s teaching team meant that all lectures and classes were able to continue uninterrupted. Students were provided with the option of withdrawing from the course and receiving a refund of fees, but most students chose to continue with the course online and were very pleased with the results. The inability to physically travel to BLC locations means that we were able to bring in a greater number of UK-based teachers to deliver online lectures and classes. Such people would otherwise not have been able to take time off from work to deliver physical teaching on the course, so it was a great benefit for students to have been able to offer this. We are now in a position to deliver the course fully online, in the event that problems from the

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Trustees' Annual Report (Incorporating the Director's Report) (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

covid-19 pandemic (or other pandemics) necessitate this.

BLC students

Since it began teaching in 1992, the BLC has taught thousands of law students, practitioners, translators and others who are interested in expanding their educational horizons, developing new knowledge and skills, and improving their linguistic skills. Many BLC graduates have gone on to illustrious legal careers. At present, two Advocates-General and one judge of the European Court of Justice are BLC graduates. The EU’s Data Protection Supervisor (Wojciech Wiewiórowski), the Polish Human Rights’ Commissioner (Adam Bodnar) and the Slovakian Ombudswoman (Maria Patakyova) are merely a few of the examples of BLC graduates who played a formative role in the transition of CEE from post-Soviet states into an EU Member States. It is no exaggeration to say that the BLC has made, and continues to make, a significant contribution to political and legal transformation in CEE and to developing and improving relations between the region and the UK.

Total student numbers in 2019-20 (total: 298) were slightly down on 2018-19 numbers (total:327). This was largely to do with the Ukrainian University with which we cooperated in 2018-19 (Ukrainian Catholic University) having changed management and ended the cooperation with the BLC. We began to cooperate with the Ukrainian Bar Association, based in Kyiv, but were unable to recruit as many students as when we cooperated with the University.

Given the impact of covid (from March 2020) and some continuing uncertainties regarding the future of English law (due to Brexit), it is a remarkable achievement to have maintained recruitment levels at roughly comparable levels to 2018-19. We believe that the changed course structure, and the increased emphasis on teaching core legal skills alongside substantive law modules have enabled us to maintain popularity in the face of some difficult surrounding circumstances.

Fees

In its earliest years, the BLC was financed by the UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office’s Know How Fund, and by the Civic Education Project, a non-profit organization which helped to finance teaching at universities in CEE after the fall of communism. Additional financial support was provided by a number of law firm sponsors. The cessation of the Know How Fund (2001) and Civic Education Project (2004) meant that the BLC needed to introduce student fees and to become self-financing. Such fees, together with financial sponsorship provided by Warsaw-based law firms (for the BLC) and by Clifford Chance, Inner Temple and the European Investment Bank (for the CEEMC) represent the BLC’s only current sources of income.

The fee level differs according to whether the BLC applicant is a full-time University student (€599) or not (€799). These fee levels remain the same as applied in 2018-19. An ‘earlybird’ fee reduction scheme continues to apply to anyone who registered before 1st June, in which case the respective fees were €525/€725 accordingly, which is also the same as in 2018-19.

The fee level is modest for the number of contact hours students receive, the subject-matter of the education, the extra-curricular activities made available to BLC students and the calibre of the BLC teaching team. All efforts are made to keep the fees at a level which is affordable to students in the CEE countries where the BLC operates.

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Trustees' Annual Report (Incorporating the Director's Report) (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

BLC Activities in 2019-20

As part of the BLC’s teaching activities in 2019-2020, the following visiting lecturers taught on the BLC’s courses, either in person or online:

• Lord Robert Carnwath (UK Supreme Court)

• Lord Lloyd Jones (UK Supreme Court)

• Prof. Laurent Pech (University of Middlesex)

• Prof. David Amos (City University London)

• Prof. Estelle Declare (University of Nottingham)

• Prof. Rosa Greaves (Universities of Glasgow and Oslo)

• Prof. Paul MacMahon (London School of Economics)

• Anneli Howard (Monckton Chambers)

• Prof. Catherine Barnard (University of Cambridge)

• Prof. Alison Young University of Cambridge)

• Prof. Paul Torremans (University of Nottingham)

• Prof. Tomasz Giaro (University of Warsaw)

• Prof Mariusz Golecki (Łódź Uni and Polish Financial Ombudsman)

• Prof. Adam Łazowski (Westminster University)

• Prof Tomasz Koncewicz (University of Gdansk)

• Sir Stephen Silber (3 Verulam Buildings)

• Judge Stephen Murch (Inns of Court College of Advocacy)

• Fergus Randolph QC (Slynn Foundation/Brick Court Chambers)

• Tomasz Wardynski (Wardynski & partners_

• Stephen Denyer (The Law Society of England & Wales)

• Dr. hab. Dobrochna Bach-Golecka (University of Warsaw)

• Dr. hab. Adam Bodnar (Polish Commissioner for Human Rights)

• Dr Krzysztof Garstka (University of Cambridge IP Unit)

• Emma Baines (British Embassy)

• Mikołaj Pietrzak (Dean of Regional Bar Association)

• Damian Falkowski (Essex Chambers)

• Robert Makowski (Goldman Sachs)

• Desmond Browne QC (former Chairman of the Bar Council of England & Wales)

• Marcin Olender (Google)

• Agnieszka Warso-Buchanan (Client Earth)

The BLC’s additional (non-teaching) activities in 2019-2020 included:

• Organising a conference in honour of the life and work of His Hon George Dobry CBE QC: Looking Backwards, Looking Forwards: Anglo-Polish Legal Relations After Brexit

CEEMC in 2019-20

The CEEMC was cancelled due to the covid-19 pandemic.

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Trustees' Annual Report (Incorporating the Director's Report) (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

Current student number 2019-20

		2019-2020	2019-2020			2018-2019	2018-2019
Location	Yr 1	Yr 2	Centre Total		Yr 1	Yr 2	Centre Total
Bratislava	12	1	13		10	0	10
Brno	2	0	2		9	0	9
Bucharest	18	6	24		18	0	18
Budapest	9	4	13		16	0	16
Gdansk	12	0	12		10	2	12
Kyiv	19	18	37		46	0	46
Lviv	6	0	6		19	0	19
Poznan	10	0	10		9	3	12
Prague	44	5	49		18	16	34
Sofia	17	0	17		13	4	17
Warsaw	74	8	82		75	39	114
Wroclaw	28	5	33		15	5	20
Total	251	47	298		258	69	327

Financial review

The charity generated income of €190,880 (2019: €228,695) during the year. Income from charitable activities decreased from €206,532 to €167,782.

Expenditure for the year was €151,678 compared to €184,028 for 2019.

The charity made a surplus of €39,202 for the year (2019: €44,667).

Reserves Policy

The unrestricted reserves represents the balance of funds from past operating results. The free reserves of €176,870 equates to approximately 14 month's worth of operating expenditure. The trustees believe that this is an appropriate level of reserves in order to ensure that the programme of teaching and research may continue without interruption.

Risk management

The trustees have considered the risks to which the company is exposed and regularly review the systems in place to mitigate those risks to ensure that these are adequate.

Structure, governance and management

Juris Angliae Scientia Ltd (“JAS”) is a charitable company limited by guarantee, incorporated on 1 October 1991 and is governed by its Articles of Association. It is composed of members who guarantee a nominal sum. It is managed by a Board of Directors. It has a Committee of Members which acts in an advisory capacity. The Committee of Members has been chaired by Lord Robert Carnwath since 1997.

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Trustees' Annual Report (Incorporating the Director's Report) (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

The directors of the company are also charity trustees for the purposes of charity law. The articles stipulate that there shall be a minimum of three Directors, but no maximum is set. As of 2019-2020, two of JAS’s Directors (Professor Fentiman and Dr Morgan) have served for several years and have been involved in the teaching activities of JAS since the 1990s, so they are well acquainted with its work. Directors are appointed by ordinary resolution.

Charity trustees are recruited directly, by the existing trustees, on the basis of their historical connection with the charity. Some trustees (e.g. Prof Fentiman) have been long-term supporters and teachers on BLC courses, others have also been part of the BLC’s core teaching in the past (Dr Morgan) or graduates of the course (Dr Yotova) or involved in raising finance for JAS’s activities (Mr Fletcher) and raising JAS’s profile in various countries (Mr Denyer). In order to keep the trustee board to a manageable size, and to allow efficient decision-making, other interested parties are invited to become members of the charity and to give feedback and advice to the board, without formally participating in board meetings.

JAS’s Articles of Association were amended on 4[th] May 2021 to remove the geographical limitations on the charity’s activities.

Reference and administrative details

Registered charity name	Juris Angliae Scientia Limited
Charity registration number	1013738
Company registration number	02659061
Principal office and registered	Centre for European Legal Studies
office	Faculty of Law
	University of Cambridge
	10 West Road
	Cambridge, CB3 9BZ
The trustees	Mr S R N Denyer
	Professor R G Fentiman
	Mr N Fletcher
	Dr J E Morgan
	Dr R V Yotova
Company secretary	Dr J E Morgan
Bankers	Barclays Bank plc
	15 Bene’t Street
	Cambridge, CB2 3PQ
	BNP Paribas SA Bank Polska
	ul. Grzybowska 78, 00-844 Warszawa
Independent examiner	Tim Hardy
	10 Orange Street
	Haymarket
	London, WC2H 7DQ

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Trustees' Annual Report (Incorporating the Director's Report) (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

Small company provisions

This report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies entitled to the small companies exemption.

28/5/2021 The trustees' annual report was approved on .............................. and signed on behalf of the board of trustees by:

Dr J E Morgan Trustee

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Independent Examiner's Report to the Trustees of Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Year ended 31 August 2020

I report to the trustees on my examination of the financial statements of Juris Angliae Scientia Limited ('the charity') for the year ended 31 August 2020 which are set out on pages 9 to 16.

Responsibilities and basis of report

As the trustees of the company (and also its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 ('the 2006 Act’).

Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the company are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of the charity’s accounts as carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 (‘the 2011 Act’). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the 2011 Act.

Independent examiner's statement

I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe:

1. accounting records were not kept in respect of the charity as required by section 386 of the 2006 Act; or

2. the financial statements do not accord with those records; or

3. the financial statements do not comply with the accounting requirements of section 396 of the 2006 Act other than any requirement that the accounts give a ‘true and fair' view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or

4. the financial statements have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102).

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.

Tim Hardy FCA Independent Examiner

10 Orange Street Haymarket London United Kingdom WC2H 7DQ

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Statement of Financial Activities (including income and expenditure account)

Year ended 31 August 2020

		2020		2019
		Unrestricted
		fundsTotal funds		Total funds
	Note	€	€	€
Income and endowments
Donations and legacies	5	23,089	23,089	22,137
Charitable activities	6	167,782	167,782	206,532
Investment income	7	9	9	26
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------
Total income		190,880	190,880	228,695
		================================	================================	================================
Expenditure
Expenditure on charitable activities	8	(151,678)	(151,678)	(184,028)
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------
Total expenditure		(151,678)	(151,678)	(184,028)
		================================	================================	================================
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------
Net income and net movement in funds		39,202	39,202	44,667
		================================	================================	================================
Reconciliation of funds
Total funds brought forward		137,668	137,668	93,001
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------
Total funds carried forward		176,870	176,870	137,668
		================================	================================	================================

The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities.

The notes on pages 11 to 16 form part of these financial statements.

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Statement of Financial Position

31 August 2020

		2020	2019
	Note	€	€
Current assets
Debtors	14	–	1
Cash at bank and in hand		239,678	172,561
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------
		239,678	172,562
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year	15	(62,808)	(34,894)
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------
Net current assets		176,870	137,668
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------
Total assets less current liabilities		176,870	137,668
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------
Net assets		176,870	137,668
		================================	================================
Funds of the charity
Unrestricted funds		176,870	137,668
		--------------------------------	--------------------------------
Total charity funds	17, 18	176,870	137,668
		================================	================================

For the year ending 31 August 2020 the charity was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

Directors' responsibilities:

• The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year in question in accordance with section 476;

• The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Act with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies' regime.

These financial statements were approved by the board of trustees and authorised for issue on 28/5/2021 ........................, and are signed on behalf of the board by:

Dr J E Morgan Trustee

Company Registration Number: 02659061

The notes on pages 11 to 16 form part of these financial statements.

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Notes to the Financial Statements

Year ended 31 August 2020

1. General information

The charity is a private company limited by guarantee, registered in England and a registered charity in England and Wales. The address of the registered office is Centre for European Legal Studies, Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge, 10 West Road, Cambridge, CB3 9BZ.

2. Statement of compliance

These financial statements have been prepared in compliance with FRS 102, 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland', the Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (Charities SORP FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006.

With effect from 1 September 2019, the charity has adopted the amendments to FRS 102 published in the Triennial Review 2017 and the subsequent changes to the Charities SORP (FRS 102). There are no adjustments to the current or comparative period in relation to these amendments.

3. Accounting policies

Basis of preparation

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, with items recognised at cost or transaction value unless otherwise stated.

The charity meets the definition of a public benefit entity under FRS 102.

The functional currency of the charity is considered to be Euros as that is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the charity operates. The financial statements are also presented in Euros. The charity changed its presentational currency from Sterling to Euros for the year ended 31 August 2020 to be in line with its functional currency as the trustees consider that this provides more reliable and relevant information. The comparatives for the year ended 31 August 2019 have been retranslated into Euros.

The amounts in the financial statements are presented to the nearest €, unless otherwise stated.

Disclosure exemptions

The charity has taken advantage of the exemption in the Charities SORP (FRS 102) from the requirement to produce a cash flow statement on the grounds that it is a small charity.

Going concern

There are no material uncertainties about the charity's ability to continue. This conclusion is based on forecasted costs and recruitment numbers, as existing on the date this report was submitted. The trustees also believe that the charity has an appropriate level of reserves in order to ensure that the programme of teaching and research may continue without interruption.

Fund accounting

All funds are unrestricted and undesignated. Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the trustees to further any of the charity's purposes.

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

3. Accounting policies (continued)

Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements requires trustees to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. These estimates and judgements are continually reviewed and are based on experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

There are no areas involving a higher degree of judgment or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the financial information.

Income

All income is included in the statement of financial activities when the charity has entitlement to the funds, any performance conditions attached to the item of income have been met, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably.

Income from donations or grants is recognised when there is evidence of entitlement to the gift, receipt is probable and its amount can be measured reliably.

Income from charitable activities are accounted for when earned. Income received in respect of courses taking place in the next financial year are deferred until the course takes place.

Interest on funds held at bank is included when receivable and the amount can be measured reliably by the charity; this is normally upon notification of the interest paid or payable by the bank.

The value of services provided by volunteers has not been included in these accounts.

Expenditure

Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to make a payment to a third party, it is probable that settlement will be required and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis. Expenditure includes any VAT which cannot be fully recovered, and is classified under headings of the statement of financial activities to which it relates:

• expenditure on charitable activities includes all costs incurred by a charity in undertaking activities that further its charitable aims for the benefit of its beneficiaries, including those support costs and costs relating to the governance of the charity apportioned to charitable activities.

Support costs are those functions that assist the work of the charity but do not directly undertake charitable activities. Support costs include finance and governance costs. These costs have been allocated to the sole charitable activity of the charity.

Governance costs comprise all costs involving the public accountability of the charity and its compliance with regulation and good practice.

Cash at bank and in hand

Cash at bank and cash in hand includes cash and short term highly liquid investments with a short maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition or opening of the deposit or similar account.

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

3. Accounting policies (continued)

Creditors and provisions

Creditors and provisions are recognised where the charity has a present obligation resulting from a past event that will probably result in the transfer of funds to a third party and the amount due to settle the obligation can be measured or estimated reliably. Creditors and provisions are normally recognised at their settlement amount after allowing for any trade discounts due.

Financial instruments

The charity only has financial assets and financial liabilities of a kind that qualify as basic financial instruments. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently measured at their settlement value.

Foreign currency translation

Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded in the functional currency, by applying the spot exchange rate as at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the reporting date, with any gains or losses being taken to the statement of financial activities.

4. Limited by guarantee

The charity is a company limited by guarantee and has no share capital. The liability of each member in the event of winding up is £1.

5. Donations and legacies

	Unrestricted	Total Funds	Unrestricted	Total Funds
	Funds	2020	Funds	2019
	€	€	€	€
Donations and sponsorship	23,089	23,089	22,137	22,137
	============================	============================	============================	============================
Charitable activities
	Unrestricted	Total Funds	Unrestricted	Total Funds
	Funds	2020	Funds	2019
	€	€	€	€
Student fees	166,182	166,182	194,439	194,439
Moot fees	1,600	1,600	12,093	12,093
	--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------
	167,782	167,782	206,532	206,532
	================================	================================	================================	================================
Investment income
	Unrestricted	Total Funds	Unrestricted	Total Funds
	Funds	2020	Funds	2019
	€	€	€	€
Bank interest receivable	9	9	26	26
	==============	==============	==============	==============

6. Charitable activities

7. Investment income

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

8. Expenditure on charitable activities

	Unrestricted	Total Funds	Unrestricted	Total Funds
	Funds	2020	Funds	2019
	€	€	€	€
Lecturers and teaching	124,282	124,282	135,196	135,196
Moot Court	2,681	2,681	14,347	14,347
Examining	1,026	1,026	1,018	1,018
Travel and subsistence	9,807	9,807	25,420	25,420
Hire of teaching rooms/equipment	4,230	4,230	1,488	1,488
Information Technology Support	3,886	3,886	1,939	1,939
Equipment expensed	200	200	262	262
Graduation and special events	1,312	1,312	569	569
Stationery and printing	341	341	709	709
Support costs	3,913	3,913	3,080	3,080
	--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------
	151,678	151,678	184,028	184,028
	================================	================================	================================	================================

9. Analysis of support costs

	Unrestricted	Total Funds	Unrestricted	Total Funds
	Funds	2020	Funds	2019
	€	€	€	€
Foreign exchange differences	(563)	(563)	(1,455)	(1,455)
Bank charges	561	561	743	743
Governance costs	3,915	3,915	3,792	3,792
	--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------	--------------------------------
	3,913	3,913	3,080	3,080
	================================	=======================	================================	==============

The charity initially identifies the cost of its support function and the costs that relate to the governance function. These are then allocated to its charitable activities as this is the sole activity of the charity.

An analysis of governance costs is as follows:

	2020	2019
	€	€
Independent examiner’s fees	2,019	502
Accountancy fees	1,501	3,250
Other legal and professional costs	395	40
	----------------------------	----------------------------
	3,915	3,792
	============================	============================

10. Staff costs

The average head count of employees during the year was Nil (2019: Nil).

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Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

11. Net Income

Net income is stated after charging / (crediting):

		2020	2019
		€	€
Independent examiner’s fees
-	Independent examination	2,019	502
-	Accountancy services	1,346	3,250
Foreign	exchange differences	(563)	(1,455)

12. Trustee remuneration and expenses

No trustees received any remuneration for services as a director or trustee during the current or prior year. No trustee received payment for professional or other services supplied to the charity in the current or prior year.

Postage costs of €60 were reimbursed to one trustee during the year. In 2019, travel, subsistence and accommodation costs of €148 were paid to one trustee.

13. Taxation

The charity is exempt from tax on its income and gains to the extent that these are applied to its charitable objects.

14. Debtors

	2020	2019
	€	€
Other debtors	–	1
	==============	==============
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
	2020	2019
	€	€
Deferred income (fees received in advance)	59,443	30,587
Accruals	3,365	4,307
	----------------------------	----------------------------
	62,808	34,894
	============================	============================
Deferred income
	2020	2019
	€	€
At 1 September 2019	30,587	52,820
Amount released to income	(30,587)	(52,820)
Amount deferred in year	59,443	30,587
	----------------------------	----------------------------
At 31 August 2020	59,443	30,587
	============================	============================

15. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

16. Deferred income

Deferred income relates to income from courses due to take place in the 2020/21 academic year (2019: 2019/20 academic year).

15

Juris Angliae Scientia Limited

Company Limited by Guarantee

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)

Year ended 31 August 2020

17. Analysis of charitable funds

Unrestricted funds

Unrestricted funds
		At			At
	1	September			31 August
		2019	Income	Expenditure	2020
		€	€	€	€
General funds		137,668	190,880	(151,678)	176,870
		================================	================================	================================	================================
		At			At
	1	September			31 August 20
		2018	Income	Expenditure	19
		€	€	€	€
General funds		93,001	228,695	(184,028)	137,668
		================================	================================	================================	================================

18. Analysis of net assets between funds

	Unrestricted	Total
	Funds	Funds
	2020	2020
	€	€
Current assets	239,678	239,678
Creditors less than 1 year	(62,808)	(62,808)
	----------------------------------	----------------------------------
Net assets	176,870	176,870
	================================	================================
	Unrestricted	Total
	Funds	Funds
	2019	2019
	€	€
Current assets	172,562	172,562
Creditors less than 1 year	(34,894)	(34,894)
	----------------------------------	----------------------------------
Net assets	137,668	137,668
	================================	================================

19. Related party transactions

No transactions with related parties were undertaken such as are required to be disclosed under FRS 102 and Charities SORP (FRS 102).

During the year, trustees made donations of €nil to the charity (2019: €735).

16